欧盟GMP附录15：确认与验证(修订版英文+中文)

上海万逸医药科技有限公司刘伟强译Ref. Ares(2015)1380025 - 30/03/2015EUROPEAN COMMISSIONDIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR HEALTH AND FOOD SAFETYMedicinal Products – Quality, Safety and EfficacyBrussels, 30 March 2015EudraLexVolume 4EU Guidelines forGood Manufacturing Practice forMedicinal Products for Human and Veterinary Use欧盟人用及兽用药品GMP指导原则Annex 15: Qualification and Validation附件15：确认与验证Legal basis for publishing the detailed guidelines: Article 47 of Directive 2001/83/ECon the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use and Article 51 of Directive 2001/82/EC on the Community code relating to veterinary medicinal products.This document provides guidance for the interpretation of the principles and guidelinesof good manufacturing practice (GMP) for medicinal products as laid down in Directive2003/94/EC for medicinal products for human use and Directive 91/412/EEC for veterinary use.Status of the document: Revision文件状态：修订Reasons for changes: Since Annex 15 was published in 2001 the manufacturing and regulatory environment has changed significantly and an update is required to this Annexto reflect this changed environment. This revision to Annex 15 takes into account changesto other sections of the EudraLex, Volume 4, Part I, relationship to Part II, Annex11, ICH Q8, Q9, Q10 and Q11, QWP guidance on process validation, and changes in manufacturing technology.变更原因：附录15至2001年颁布以来，制造业和法规环境发生了显著变化，因此需要更新附录以反应这些环境的变化，附录15的修订还考虑到了欧盟药品监管法规（Eudralex）第四卷第一部分、第二部分有关内容、附录11、ICH Q8、Q9、Q19和Q11、欧盟药品质量工作组（QWP）工艺验证指南的变更以及制造技术变化等因素。

浅析新修订欧盟药品生产质量管理规范第15附录确认与验证3月30日，欧盟发布了新修订的欧盟药品生产质量管理规范（EU-GMP）的附录15 确认和验证的最终稿（简称新修订附录15），将于2015年10月1日生效。

与当前现行版本相比，在部分章节里有相当显著的变化。

本文将采取新修订版本附录15与现行版本进行对比的方式，来浅析新修订附录15。

一．概述新修订附录15共有16页的内容，比当前版本的11页更加全面。

新修订附录15综合参考了欧洲药事法第四卷的第一部分和第二部分，以及附录11计算机化系统、ICH Q8 制药开发、ICH Q9 质量风险管理、ICH Q10 制药质量体系、ICH Q11 原料药开发与生产的相关概念和指南要求，也可用作活性物质的可选补充指南。

由此可以看出，国际范围内的各GMP规定的联系将越来越紧密。

新修订附录15的核心是药品与工艺的生命周期。

GMP要求生产商通过在产品和工艺的整个生命周期中进行确认和验证，其中提到所有影响到产品质量的设备设施、公用系统、工艺的确认与验证均应考虑生命周期理论的应用。

同时，明确提出了“回顾性验证不再被认为是可接受的方法”。

另外，最近制药行业内的热点话题“数据完整性”理念也多次出现在其中。

其整体思路融合了科学监管、风险管理和QBD（质量源于设计）等关键要素。

二．新修订版本与当前版本的对比和分析原则本章描述了新修订附录15的适用范围—药品制造的设备设施、公用系统及工艺的确认与验证；重点强调提了所有影响产品质量的设备设施、公用系统和工艺均应评估其验证状态和控制策略的影响。

通则本章指出确认与验证的范围和程度应基于质量风险管理的活动。

值得注意的是，本章特别提到“回顾性验证不再被认为是可接受的方法”，更倾向于生命周期范围内的持续确认和日常监控来保持验证状态，同时认可使用外部资源支持企业内部的确认和验证活动。

确认与验证的组织与计划本章强调所有确认和验证活动都应进行计划，并考虑其生命周期。

EudraLex Volume 4EU Guidelines forGOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FORMEDICINAL PRODUCTS欧盟药品GMP指南ANNEX 15 QUALIFICATION AND VALIDATION附件15确认和验证Legal basis for publishing the detailed guidelines: Article 47 of Directive 2001/83/EC on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use and Article 51 of Directive 2001/82/EC on the Community code relating to veterinary medicinal products. This document provides guidance for the interpretation of the principles and guidelines of good manufacturing practice (GMP) for medicinal products as laid down in Directive 2003/94/EC for medicinal products for human use and Directive 91/412/EEC for veterinary use.公布详细指南的法律依据：指令2001/83/EC第47款关于人药共同体代码，和2001/82/EC第51款关于兽药共同体代码的要求。

本文件为指令2003/94/EC中制订的人药GMP以及指令91/412/EEC兽药GMP原则和指南提供诠释。

Status of the document: Revision文件状态：修订Reasons for changes: Since Annex 15 was published in 2001 the manufacturing and regulatory environment has changed significantly and an update is required to this Annex to reflect this changed environment. This revision to Annex 15 takes into account changes to other sections of the EudraLex, Volume 4, Part I, relationship to Part II, Annex 11, ICH Q8, Q9, Q10 and Q11, QWP guidance on process validation, and changes in manufacturing technology.变更理由：自从附录15在2001年公布以来，生产和法规环境已发生了重大变化，有必要对此附录进行更新以反映环境的变化。

附件1Annex 1确认与验证Qualification and Validation（征求意见稿）(Draft for Comments)第一章范围Chapter One Scope第一条本附录适用于《药品生产质量管理规范》中涉及的所有确认与验证活动。

Article 1 This appendix applies to all qualification and validation activities involved in Good Manufacturing Practice.第二章原则Chapter Two Principles第二条企业应当确定需要进行的确认或验证工作，以证明有关操作的关键要素能够得到有效控制。

确认和验证的范围和程度应根据风险评估的结果确认。

确认与验证应当贯穿于产品生命周期的全过程。

Article 2 A manufacturer should determine the required qualification or validation activities to prove that the critical aspects of relevant operations can be effectively controlled. The scope and extent of qualification and validation should be determined based on risk assessment results. Qualification and validation activities should be throughout the entire life cycle of a product.第三章验证计划Chapter Three Validation Plan第三条所有的确认与验证活动都应当事先计划。

确认与验证的关键要素都应在验证总计划或同类文件中详细说明。

EUROPEAN COMMISSIONENTERPRISE DIRECTORATE-GENERALSingle market, regulatory environment, industries under vertical legislationPharmaceuticals and cosmeticsBrussels, 30 March 2015EudraLexVolume 4EU Guidelines forGood Manufacturing Practice forMedicinal Products for Human and Veterinary UseAnnex 15: Qualification and ValidationEU GMP附录15：确认和验证Legal basis for publishing the detailed guidelines: Article 47 of Directive 2001/83/EC on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use and Article 51 of Directive 2001/82/EC on the Community code relating to veterinary medicinal products. This document provides guidance for the interpretation of the principles and guidelines of good manufacturing practice (GMP) for medicinal products as laid down in Directive 2003/94/EC for medicinal products for human use and Directive91/412/EEC for veterinary use.公布详细指南的法律依据：指令2001/83/EC第47款关于人药共同体代码，和2001/82/EC第51款关于兽药共同体代码的要求。

附件2确认与验证第一章范围第一条本附录适用于在药品生产质量管理过程中涉及的所有确认与验证活动。

第二章原则第二条企业应当确定需要进行的确认或验证工作,以证明有关操作的关键要素能够得到有效控制。

确认和验证的范围和程度应根据风险评估的结果确认。

确认与验证应当贯穿于产品生命周期的全过程。

第三章验证总计划第三条所有的确认与验证活动都应当事先计划。

确认与验证的关键要素都应在验证总计划或同类文件中详细说明。

第四条验证总计划应当至少包含以下信息:(一)确认与验证的基本原则;(二)确认与验证活动的组织机构及职责;(三)待确认或验证项目的概述;(四)确认或验证方案、报告的基本要求;(五)总体计划和日程安排;(六)在确认与验证中偏差处理和变更控制的管理;(七)保持持续验证状态的策略,包括必要的再确认和再验证;(八)所引用的文件、文献。

第五条对于大型和复杂的项目,可制订单独的项目验证总计划。

第四章文件第六条确认与验证方案应当经过审核和批准。

确认与验证方案应当详述关键要素和可接受标准。

第七条供应商或第三方提供验证服务的,企业应当对其提供的确认与验证的方案、数据或报告的适用性和符合性进行审核、批准。

第八条确认或验证活动结束后,应当及时汇总分析获得的数据和结果,撰写确认或验证报告。

企业应当在报告中对确认与验证过程中出现的偏差进行评估,必要时进行彻底调查,并采取相应的纠正措施和预防措施;变更已批准的确认与验证方案,应当进行评估并采取相应的控制措施。

确认或验证报告应当经过书面审核、批准。

第九条当确认或验证分阶段进行时,只有当上一阶段的确认或验证报告得到批准,或者确认或验证活动符合预定目标并经批准后,方可进行下一阶段的确认或验证活动。

上一阶段的确认或验证活动中不能满足某项预先设定标准或偏差处理未完成,经评估对下一阶段的确认或验证活动无重大影响,企业可对上一阶段的确认或验证活动进行有条件的批准。

第十条当验证结果不符合预先设定的可接受标准时,应当进行记录并分析原因。

欧盟GMP（中英⽂对照）（The words that are in the green background are new standards）(绿⾊背景下的内容为新标准)ANNEX 1MANUFACTURE OF STERILE MEDICINAL PRODUCTS附录1 ⽆菌医药产品的⽣产Principle总则The manufacture of sterile products is subject to special requirements in order to minimize risks of microbiological contamination, and of particulate and pyrogen contamination. Much depends on the skill, training and attitudes of the personnel involved. Quality Assurance is particularly important, and this type of manufacture must strictly follow carefully established and validated methods of preparation and procedure. Sole reliance for sterility or other quality aspects must not be placed on any terminal process or finished product test.⽆菌药品的⽣产，必须符合⼀些特殊的要求，以防⽌微⽣物、微粒和热源的污染。

这很⼤程度上依赖与⼯作⼈员的技术⽔平、培训和⼯作态度。

在这⽅⾯质量保证显得特别重要，这种类型的⽣产，必须严格按照完善的和经过验证的⽣产⽅法和⼯作程序。

GUIDE TO GOOD MANUFACTURINGPRACTICE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS药品GMP检查指南.PIC/S July 2004Reproduction prohibited for commercial purposes.Reproduction for internal use is authorised,provided that the source is acknowledged.Editor: PIC/S SecretariatP.O. Box 5695CH-1211 Geneva 11e-mail: daniel.brunner@web site: :// 1 July 2004 PE 009-2TABLE OF CONTENT目录INTRODUCTION介绍 (1)CHAPTER 1 QUALITY MANAGEMENT 质量管理 (4)PRINCIPLE 原则 (4)QUALITY ASSURANCE 质量保证 (4)GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS (GMP) 药品GMP (6)QUALITY CONTROL 质量控制 (7)CHAPTER 2 PERSONNEL 人员 (10)PRINCIPLE 原则 (10)GENERAL 通则 (10)KEY PERSONNEL 关键人员 (10)TRAINING 培训 (13)PERSONAL HYGIENE 个人卫生 (14)CHAPTER 3 PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT 厂房和设备 (16)PRINCIPLE 原则 (16)PREMISES General总则 (16)Production Area 生产区域 (17)Storage Areas 储存区域 (19)Quality Control Areas 质量控制区域 (20)Ancillary Areas 辅助区域 (20)EQUIPMENT 设备 (21)CHAPTER 4 DOCUMENTATION 文件 (23)PRINCIPLE 原则 (23)GENERAL 总则 (23)DOCUMENTS REQUIRED 必需的文件 (25)MANUFACTURING FORMULA AND PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 生产方法和加工指示 (27)PACKAGING INSTRUCTIONS 包装指示 (28)BA TCH PROCESSING RECORDS 批加工记录 (29)BA TCH PACKAGING RECORDS 批包装记录 (30)PROCEDURES AND RECORDS 程序和记录 (32)CHAPTER 5 PRODUCTION 生产 (36)PRINCIPLE 原则 (36)GENERAL 通则 (36)PREVENTION OF CROSS-CONTAMINATION IN PRODUCTION 生产过程中防止交叉污染 (38)V ALIDATION 验证 (39)STARTING MA TERIALS 起始物料 (40)PROCESSING OPERA TIONS - INTERMEDIATE AND BULK PRODUCTS 加工操作：中间体和散装产品 (42)PACKAGING MATERIALS 包装材料 (42)PACKAGING OPERATIONS 包装操作 (43)FINISHED PRODUCTS 最终成品 (45)REJECTED, RECOVERED AND RETURNED MATERIALS 拒绝的，回收的和退回的物料46CHAPTER 6 QUALITY CONTROL 质量控制 (48)PRINCIPLE 原则 (48)GENERAL 通则 (48)GOOD QUALITY CONTROL LABORATORY PRACTICE 优良质量控制实验室实践 (49)DOCUMENTATION 文件 (49)SAMPLING 取样 (50)TESTING 检测 (52)CHAPTER 7 CONTRACT MANUFACTURE AND ANAL YSIS 合同加工和分析 (55)PRINCIPLE 原则 (55)GENERAL 通则 (55)THE CONTRACT GIVER 合同提供人 (55)THE CONTRACT ACCEPTOR 合同接受人 (56)THE CONTRACT 合同 (57)CHAPTER 8 COMPLAINTS AND PRODUCT RECALL 抱怨和产品召回 (59)PRINCIPLE 原则 (59)COMPLAINTS 抱怨 (59)RECALLS 召回 (60)CHAPTER 9 SELF INSPECTION 自检 (61)PRINCIPLE 原则 (61)ANNEX 1 MANUFACTURE OF STERILE MEDICINAL PRODUCTS无菌药品的生产 (63)PRINCIPLE (63)GENERAL (63)BLOW/FILL/SEAL TECHNOLOGY (67)TERMINALL Y STERILISED PRODUCTS (67)ASEPTIC PREPARA TION (68)PERSONNEL (68)PREMISES (70)EQUIPMENT (71)SANITATION (71)PROCESSING (71)STERILISATION (73)STERILISATION BY HEA T (74)MOIST HEAT (75)DRY HEAT (75)STERILISATION BY RADIATION (75)STERILISATION WITH ETHYLENE OXIDE (76)FILTRATION OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS WHICH CANNOT BE STERILISED IN THEIR FINAL CONTAINER (77)FINISHING OF STERILE PRODUCTS (77)QUALITY CONTROL (78)ANNEX 2 MANUFACTURE OF BIOLOGICAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR HUMAN USE人用生物药品的生产 (79)SCOPE (79)PRINCIPLE (79)PERSONNEL (80)PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT (81)ANIMAL QUARTERS AND CARE (82)DOCUMENTATION (82)PRODUCTION (83)QUALITY CONTROL (84)ANNEX 3 MANUFACTURE OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 放射性药品的生产 (85)PRINCIPLE (85)PERSONNEL (85)PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT (85)PRODUCTION (86)QUALITY CONTROL (86)DISTRIBUTION AND RECALLS (86)ANNEX 4 MANUFACTURE OF VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS OTHER THAN IMMUNOLOGICALS MANUFACTURE OF PREMIXES FOR MEDICATED FEEDING STUFFS 除为预混合加药饲料原料生产的免疫产品以外的，兽药产品的生产 (87)THE MANUFACTURE OF ECTOPARASITICIDES (88)THE MANUFACTURE OF VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS CONTAINING PENICILLINS (88)RETENTION OF SAMPLES (point 1.4. viii and point 6.14.) (88)STERILE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS (88)ANNEX 5 MANUFACTURE OF IMMUNOLOGICAL VETERINARY MEDICAL PRODUCTS免疫兽药产品的生产 (89)PRINCIPLE (89)PERSONNEL (89)PREMISES (90)EQUIPMENT (93)ANIMALS AND ANIMAL HOUSES (94)DISINFECTION - WASTE DISPOSAL (94)PRODUCTION (95)STARTING MA TERIALS (95)QUALITY CONTROL (98)ANNEX 6 MANUFACTURE OF MEDICINAL GASES药用气体的生产 (99)1. PRINCIPLE (99)2. PERSONNEL (99)3. PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT (99)4. DOCUMENTA TION (100)5. PRODUCTION (101)6. QUALITY CONTROL (104)7. STORAGE AND RELEASE (105)ANNEX 7 MANUFACTURE OF HERBAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS草药产品的生产 (108)PRINCIPLE (108)PREMISES (108)DOCUMENTATION (108)SAMPLING (109)QUALITY CONTROL (110)ANNEX 8 SAMPLING OF STARTING AND PACKAGING MA TERIALS起始物料和包装材料的取样 (111)PRINCIPLE (111)PERSONNEL (111)STARTING MA TERIALS (111)PACKAGING MATERIAL (112)ANNEX 9 MANUFACTURE OF LIQUIDS, CREAMS AND OINTMENTS流体，霜体和膏体药品的生产 (113)PRINCIPLE (113)PRODUCTION (113)ANNEX 10 MANUFACTURE OF PRESSURISED METERED DOSE AEROSOL PREPARATIONS FOR INHALATION吸入式剂量仪的气雾剂的生产 (115)PRINCIPLE (115)GENERAL (115)PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT (115)PRODUCTION AND QUALITY CONTROL (116)ANNEX 11 COMPUTERISED SYSTEMS 计算机化系统 (117)PRINCIPLE (117)PERSONNEL (117)V ALIDATION (117)ANNEX 12 USE OF IONISING RADIATION IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS使用离子放射生产药品 (120)INTRODUCTION (120)RESPONSIBILITIES (120)DOSIMETRY (121)V ALIDATION OF THE PROCESS (121)COMMISSIONING OF THE PLANT (122)PREMISES (124)PROCESSING (124)DOCUMENTATION (126)MICROBIOLOGICAL MONITORING (126)ANNEX 13 MANUFACTURE OF INVESTIGA TIONAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS观察期药品的生产 (127)PRINCIPLE (127)GLOSSARY (128)QUALITY MANAGEMENT (130)PERSONNEL (130)PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT (130)DOCUMENT A TION (131)PRODUCTION (132)QUALITY CONTROL (136)RELEASE OF BATCHES (137)SHIPPING (139)COMPLAINTS (139)RECALLS AND RETURNS (139)DESTRUCTION (140)ANNEX 14 MANUFACTURE OF PRODUCTS DERIVED FROM HUMAN BLOOD OR HUMAN PLASMA生产自人类血液或人体组织分离的产品 (143)PRINCIPLE (143)GLOSSARY (144)QUALITY MANAGEMENT (144)PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT (145)BLOOD AND PLASMA COLLECTION (145)TRACEABILITY AND POST COLLECTION MEASURES (146)PRODUCTION AND QUALITY CONTROL (147)RETENTION OF SAMPLES (148)DISPOSAL OF REJECTED BLOOD, PLASMA OR INTERMEDIATES (148)ANNEX 15 QUALIFICATION AND V ALIDATION 确认和验证 (149)PRINCIPLE (149)PLANNING FOR V ALIDATION (149)DOCUMENTATION (150)QUALIFICATION (150)PROCESS V ALIDATION (151)CLEANING VALIDATION (153)CHANGE CONTROL (154)REV ALIDATION (154)GLOSSARY (154)[ANNEX 16] [QUALIFIED PERSON AND BA TCH RELEASE]*经授权的人员和批放行 (157)ANNEX 17 PARAMETRIC RELEASE参数放行 (158)1. PRINCIPLE (158)2. PARAMETRIC RELEASE (158)3. PARAMETRIC RELEASE FOR STERILE PRODUCTS (158)4. GLOSSARY (160)[ANNEX 18] [GMP GUIDE FOR ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS] 17原料药GMP 指南 (161)GLOSSARY术语表 (162)GUIDE TO GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS药品GMP指南INTRODUCTION介绍为进一步消除药品贸易壁垒，促进许可证的一致性，以及确保整个欧洲在研发，生产和控制药品中保持高标准的质量保证，根据药品检查协会（PIC）同意，药品检查使用一致的GMP原则，和药品检查合作计划表中的欧洲药品GMP及其附录。

上海万逸医药科技有限公司刘伟强译Ref. Ares(2015)1380025 - 30/03/2015EUROPEAN COMMISSIONDIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR HEALTH AND FOOD SAFETYMedicinal Products – Quality, Safety and EfficacyBrussels, 30 March 2015EudraLexVolume 4EU Guidelines forGood Manufacturing Practice forMedicinal Products for Human and Veterinary Use欧盟人用及兽用药品GMP指导原则Annex 15: Qualification and Validation附件15：确认与验证Legal basis for publishing the detailed guidelines: Article 47 of Directive 2001/83/ECon the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use and Article 51 of Directive 2001/82/EC on the Community code relating to veterinary medicinal products.This document provides guidance for the interpretation of the principles and guidelinesof good manufacturing practice (GMP) for medicinal products as laid down in Directive2003/94/EC for medicinal products for human use and Directive 91/412/EEC for veterinary use.Status of the document: Revision文件状态：修订Reasons for changes: Since Annex 15 was published in 2001 the manufacturing and regulatory environment has changed significantly and an update is required to this Annexto reflect this changed environment. This revision to Annex 15 takes into account changesto other sections of the EudraLex, Volume 4, Part I, relationship to Part II, Annex11, ICH Q8, Q9, Q10 and Q11, QWP guidance on process validation, and changes in manufacturing technology.变更原因：附录15至2001年颁布以来，制造业和法规环境发生了显著变化，因此需要更新附录以反应这些环境的变化，附录15的修订还考虑到了欧盟药品监管法规（Eudralex）第四卷第一部分、第二部分有关内容、附录11、ICH Q8、Q9、Q19和Q11、欧盟药品质量工作组（QWP）工艺验证指南的变更以及制造技术变化等因素。

Brussels, 6 February 2014SANCO/TSE/The received contributions together with the identity of contributors will be made publicly available, unless the contributor objects to publication of his or her personal data on the grounds that such publication would harm his or her legitimate interests. In this case the contribution may be published in anonymous form. Otherwise the contribution will not be published nor will, in principle, its content be taken into account. For more information on the processing of your personal data in the context of this consultation, read the specific Privacy Statement available at: link to Privacy StatementEudraLexThe Rules Governing Medicinal Products in the European UnionVolume 4EU Guidelines for Good Manufacturing Practicefor Medicinal Products for Human and Veterinary UseAnnex 15: Qualification and Validation欧盟人用及兽用药品GMP指导原则附件15：确认和验证Legal basis for publishing the detailed guidelines: Article 47 of Directive 2001/83/EC on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use and Article 51 of Directive 2001/82/EC on the Community code relating to veterinary medicinal products. This document provides guidance for the interpretation of the principles and guidelines of good manufacturing practice (GMP) for medicinal products as laid down in Directive 2003/94/EC for medicinal products for human use and Directive 91/412/EEC for veterinary use.Status of the document: Revision 1 文件状态：修订Proposed document time table:Reasons for changes: Update as per concept paper on revision of Annex 15.Summary of changes: This change to annex 15 takes into account changes to other sections of the EU-GMP Guide Part I, Annex 11, ICH Q8, Q9, Q10 and Q11, QWP guidance on process validation and changes in manufacturing technology.变更概述：附件15的变更综合考虑了EU GMP 第一部分附件11，ICH Q8, Q9, Q10 andQ11, QWP指南中关于工艺验证的变更内容以及生产技术的变化。

原则本附录描述了确认和验证的原则，适用于药品生产的设施、设备、公用系统和工艺；也可作为在欧盟药品法规第四卷第2部分的未提到的有附加要求的活性物质的可选性补充指南。

它是GMP的要求，要求生产商通过贯穿于药品和工艺的产品生命周期的确认和验证，控制其生产操作的关键环节。

需要正式记录任何可能影响药品质量的设施、设备、公用系统和工艺的计划性变更，需要评估对于验证状态或控制策略的影响。

用于药品生产的计算机化系统应按照附录11的要求进行验证。

相关概念和指南要求参见 ICH Q8, Q9, Q10 和 Q11 。

通则质量风险管理的方法应该贯穿于药品生命周期的全过程。

作为质量风险管理系统的一部分，确认和验证的范围和程度需要基于对设施、设备、公用系统和工艺的合理的文件化的风险评估来确定。

回顾性验证不再被认为是一个可接受的方法。

那些用来支持确认和或验证研究的从生产商的外部资源获得的数据，都可以被使用，但需提供证明这个方法合理性的说明，并且在采集这些数据的过程中有足够的控制保证。

1、确认与验证的组织和计划1.1 所有的确认与验证活动应该进行计划，而且需要考虑设施、设备、公用系统、工艺和产品的生命周期。

1.2 确认与验证活动应该只能由合适的经过培训的人员按照被批准的程序进行。

1.3 尽管对于质量管理或者质量保证功能来说没有必要性，但是确认/验证人员仍应该按照药品质量系统的要求的进行汇报。

而且应该对整个验证的生命周期有适当的质量监督。

1.4 应该在验证主计划（VMP）或者等效文件中明确定义并记录工厂确认与验证项目的关键要素。

1.5 VMP 或等效文件应该对确认/验证系统定义，同时至少包括或引用以下信息：i、确认与验证方针；ii、组织机构，包括确认与验证活动的工作和职责；iii、现场的设施、设备、系统、工艺，以及确认与验证的状态；iv、确认与验证的变更控制和偏差管理；v、制定可接受标准的指南；vi、参考的现有文件；vii、确认与验证策略，包括适当的再确认。

GUIDE TO GOOD MANUFACTURINGPRACTICE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS药品GMP检查指南.PIC/S July 2004Reproduction prohibited for commercial purposes.Reproduction for internal use is authorised,provided that the source is acknowledged.Editor: PIC/S SecretariatP.O. Box 5695CH-1211 Geneva 11e-mail: daniel.brunner@web site: :// 1 July 2004 PE 009-2TABLE OF CONTENT目录INTRODUCTION介绍 (1)CHAPTER 1 QUALITY MANAGEMENT 质量管理 (4)PRINCIPLE 原则 (4)QUALITY ASSURANCE 质量保证 (4)GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS (GMP) 药品GMP (6)QUALITY CONTROL 质量控制 (7)CHAPTER 2 PERSONNEL 人员 (10)PRINCIPLE 原则 (10)GENERAL 通则 (10)KEY PERSONNEL 关键人员 (10)TRAINING 培训 (13)PERSONAL HYGIENE 个人卫生 (14)CHAPTER 3 PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT 厂房和设备 (16)PRINCIPLE 原则 (16)PREMISES General总则 (16)Production Area 生产区域 (17)Storage Areas 储存区域 (19)Quality Control Areas 质量控制区域 (20)Ancillary Areas 辅助区域 (20)EQUIPMENT 设备 (21)CHAPTER 4 DOCUMENTATION 文件 (23)PRINCIPLE 原则 (23)GENERAL 总则 (23)DOCUMENTS REQUIRED 必需的文件 (25)MANUFACTURING FORMULA AND PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 生产方法和加工指示 (27)PACKAGING INSTRUCTIONS 包装指示 (28)BA TCH PROCESSING RECORDS 批加工记录 (29)BA TCH PACKAGING RECORDS 批包装记录 (30)PROCEDURES AND RECORDS 程序和记录 (32)CHAPTER 5 PRODUCTION 生产 (36)PRINCIPLE 原则 (36)GENERAL 通则 (36)PREVENTION OF CROSS-CONTAMINATION IN PRODUCTION 生产过程中防止交叉污染 (38)V ALIDATION 验证 (39)STARTING MA TERIALS 起始物料 (40)PROCESSING OPERA TIONS - INTERMEDIATE AND BULK PRODUCTS 加工操作：中间体和散装产品 (42)PACKAGING MATERIALS 包装材料 (42)PACKAGING OPERATIONS 包装操作 (43)FINISHED PRODUCTS 最终成品 (45)REJECTED, RECOVERED AND RETURNED MATERIALS 拒绝的，回收的和退回的物料46CHAPTER 6 QUALITY CONTROL 质量控制 (48)PRINCIPLE 原则 (48)GENERAL 通则 (48)GOOD QUALITY CONTROL LABORATORY PRACTICE 优良质量控制实验室实践 (49)DOCUMENTATION 文件 (49)SAMPLING 取样 (50)TESTING 检测 (52)CHAPTER 7 CONTRACT MANUFACTURE AND ANAL YSIS 合同加工和分析 (55)PRINCIPLE 原则 (55)GENERAL 通则 (55)THE CONTRACT GIVER 合同提供人 (55)THE CONTRACT ACCEPTOR 合同接受人 (56)THE CONTRACT 合同 (57)CHAPTER 8 COMPLAINTS AND PRODUCT RECALL 抱怨和产品召回 (59)PRINCIPLE 原则 (59)COMPLAINTS 抱怨 (59)RECALLS 召回 (60)CHAPTER 9 SELF INSPECTION 自检 (61)PRINCIPLE 原则 (61)ANNEX 1 MANUFACTURE OF STERILE MEDICINAL PRODUCTS无菌药品的生产 (63)PRINCIPLE (63)GENERAL (63)BLOW/FILL/SEAL TECHNOLOGY (67)TERMINALL Y STERILISED PRODUCTS (67)ASEPTIC PREPARA TION (68)PERSONNEL (68)PREMISES (70)EQUIPMENT (71)SANITATION (71)PROCESSING (71)STERILISATION (73)STERILISATION BY HEA T (74)MOIST HEAT (75)DRY HEAT (75)STERILISATION BY RADIATION (75)STERILISATION WITH ETHYLENE OXIDE (76)FILTRATION OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS WHICH CANNOT BE STERILISED IN THEIR FINAL CONTAINER (77)FINISHING OF STERILE PRODUCTS (77)QUALITY CONTROL (78)ANNEX 2 MANUFACTURE OF BIOLOGICAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS FOR HUMAN USE人用生物药品的生产 (79)SCOPE (79)PRINCIPLE (79)PERSONNEL (80)PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT (81)ANIMAL QUARTERS AND CARE (82)DOCUMENTATION (82)PRODUCTION (83)QUALITY CONTROL (84)ANNEX 3 MANUFACTURE OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS 放射性药品的生产 (85)PRINCIPLE (85)PERSONNEL (85)PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT (85)PRODUCTION (86)QUALITY CONTROL (86)DISTRIBUTION AND RECALLS (86)ANNEX 4 MANUFACTURE OF VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS OTHER THAN IMMUNOLOGICALS MANUFACTURE OF PREMIXES FOR MEDICATED FEEDING STUFFS 除为预混合加药饲料原料生产的免疫产品以外的，兽药产品的生产 (87)THE MANUFACTURE OF ECTOPARASITICIDES (88)THE MANUFACTURE OF VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS CONTAINING PENICILLINS (88)RETENTION OF SAMPLES (point 1.4. viii and point 6.14.) (88)STERILE VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS (88)ANNEX 5 MANUFACTURE OF IMMUNOLOGICAL VETERINARY MEDICAL PRODUCTS免疫兽药产品的生产 (89)PRINCIPLE (89)PERSONNEL (89)PREMISES (90)EQUIPMENT (93)ANIMALS AND ANIMAL HOUSES (94)DISINFECTION - WASTE DISPOSAL (94)PRODUCTION (95)STARTING MA TERIALS (95)QUALITY CONTROL (98)ANNEX 6 MANUFACTURE OF MEDICINAL GASES药用气体的生产 (99)1. PRINCIPLE (99)2. PERSONNEL (99)3. PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT (99)4. DOCUMENTA TION (100)5. PRODUCTION (101)6. QUALITY CONTROL (104)7. STORAGE AND RELEASE (105)ANNEX 7 MANUFACTURE OF HERBAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS草药产品的生产 (108)PRINCIPLE (108)PREMISES (108)DOCUMENTATION (108)SAMPLING (109)QUALITY CONTROL (110)ANNEX 8 SAMPLING OF STARTING AND PACKAGING MA TERIALS起始物料和包装材料的取样 (111)PRINCIPLE (111)PERSONNEL (111)STARTING MA TERIALS (111)PACKAGING MATERIAL (112)ANNEX 9 MANUFACTURE OF LIQUIDS, CREAMS AND OINTMENTS流体，霜体和膏体药品的生产 (113)PRINCIPLE (113)PRODUCTION (113)ANNEX 10 MANUFACTURE OF PRESSURISED METERED DOSE AEROSOL PREPARATIONS FOR INHALATION吸入式剂量仪的气雾剂的生产 (115)PRINCIPLE (115)GENERAL (115)PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT (115)PRODUCTION AND QUALITY CONTROL (116)ANNEX 11 COMPUTERISED SYSTEMS 计算机化系统 (117)PRINCIPLE (117)PERSONNEL (117)V ALIDATION (117)ANNEX 12 USE OF IONISING RADIATION IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS使用离子放射生产药品 (120)INTRODUCTION (120)RESPONSIBILITIES (120)DOSIMETRY (121)V ALIDATION OF THE PROCESS (121)COMMISSIONING OF THE PLANT (122)PREMISES (124)PROCESSING (124)DOCUMENTATION (126)MICROBIOLOGICAL MONITORING (126)ANNEX 13 MANUFACTURE OF INVESTIGA TIONAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS观察期药品的生产 (127)PRINCIPLE (127)GLOSSARY (128)QUALITY MANAGEMENT (130)PERSONNEL (130)PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT (130)DOCUMENT A TION (131)PRODUCTION (132)QUALITY CONTROL (136)RELEASE OF BATCHES (137)SHIPPING (139)COMPLAINTS (139)RECALLS AND RETURNS (139)DESTRUCTION (140)ANNEX 14 MANUFACTURE OF PRODUCTS DERIVED FROM HUMAN BLOOD OR HUMAN PLASMA生产自人类血液或人体组织分离的产品 (143)PRINCIPLE (143)GLOSSARY (144)QUALITY MANAGEMENT (144)PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT (145)BLOOD AND PLASMA COLLECTION (145)TRACEABILITY AND POST COLLECTION MEASURES (146)PRODUCTION AND QUALITY CONTROL (147)RETENTION OF SAMPLES (148)DISPOSAL OF REJECTED BLOOD, PLASMA OR INTERMEDIATES (148)ANNEX 15 QUALIFICATION AND V ALIDATION 确认和验证 (149)PRINCIPLE (149)PLANNING FOR V ALIDATION (149)DOCUMENTATION (150)QUALIFICATION (150)PROCESS V ALIDATION (151)CLEANING VALIDATION (153)CHANGE CONTROL (154)REV ALIDATION (154)GLOSSARY (154)[ANNEX 16] [QUALIFIED PERSON AND BA TCH RELEASE]*经授权的人员和批放行 (157)ANNEX 17 PARAMETRIC RELEASE参数放行 (158)1. PRINCIPLE (158)2. PARAMETRIC RELEASE (158)3. PARAMETRIC RELEASE FOR STERILE PRODUCTS (158)4. GLOSSARY (160)[ANNEX 18] [GMP GUIDE FOR ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS] 17原料药GMP 指南 (161)GLOSSARY术语表 (162)GUIDE TO GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS药品GMP指南INTRODUCTION介绍为进一步消除药品贸易壁垒，促进许可证的一致性，以及确保整个欧洲在研发，生产和控制药品中保持高标准的质量保证，根据药品检查协会（PIC）同意，药品检查使用一致的GMP原则，和药品检查合作计划表中的欧洲药品GMP及其附录。

欧盟GMP附录15确认与验证解析
苏丽花;郑金旺
【期刊名称】《医药工程设计》
【年(卷),期】2014(035)005
【摘要】通过对欧盟药品生产管理规范附录15《确认与验证》草案与其2001年颁布的初始版本进行对比和分析,并与中国国家食品药品监督管理总局CFDA发布的2010版GMP附录《确认与验证》再次征求意见稿进行对比和分析,为目前制药企业确认与验证工作的执行和管理提供指导和帮助.
【总页数】6页(P6-11)
【作者】苏丽花;郑金旺
【作者单位】上海东富龙科技股份有限公司,上海201108;上海东富龙科技股份有限公司,上海201108
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】R951
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1.欧盟GMP附录15确认与验证解读 [J], 郝赟;余哲;王唤雨;张志峰
2.CFDA GMP附录《计算机化系统》与欧盟GMP附录11的对比解读 [J], 柯争先
3.欧盟GMP附录15确认与验证解析 [J], 苏丽花;郑金旺;
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5.欧盟GMP附录15确认与验证解读 [J], 郝赟[1];余哲[2];王唤雨[1];张志峰[2]因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。

欧盟GMP附录15确认和验证欧盟GMP附录15确认和验证ANNEX 15 附件15Qualification and Validation确认和验证Table of Contents 目录1. Qualification and Validation 确认和验证2. Planning for Validation 验证计划3. Documentation 文件4. Qualification 确认5. Process Validation 工艺验证6. Cleaning Validation 清洁验证7. Change Control 变更控制8. Revalidation 再验证9. Glossary 术语表Qualification and Validation 确认和验证Principle 原理1.This Annex describes the principles of qualification and validation which are applicable to the manufacture of medicinal products. It is a requirement of GMP that manufacturers identify what validation work is needed to prove control of the critical aspects of their particular operations. Significant changes to the facilities, the equipment and the processes, which may affect the quality of the product, should be validated. A risk assessment approach should be used to determine the scope and extent of validation.1.本附件描述了确认和验证的原理，适用于医药产品的生产者。

实用文档European Union药品生产质量管理规范GUIDE TO GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS目录第一章质量管理CHAPTER 1: QUALITY MANAGEMENT原则............................................................ ..................................................... ............ (5)Principle (5)质量保证................................................................... .............. . (5)Quality Assurance (5)药品生产质量管理规范(GMP) (7)Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products (7)质量控制(QC) (9)Quality Control....................... . (9)产品质量回顾....................... ....................... (10)第二章人员CHAPTER 2: PERSONNEL...................................................................................... .. (11)原则 (11)Principle (11)通则 (12)General...................................................................................................................... . (12)关键人员................................................................................................................... . (12)Key Personnel (12)培训 (12)Training..................................................................................................................... . (15)人员卫生 (16)Personnel Hygiene (16)第三章厂房和设备CHAPTER 3: PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT................................................................ .. (18)原则 (18)Principle (18)厂房 (18)Premises (18)通则 (18)General (18)生产区 (19)Production Area (19)贮存区 (21)Storage Area (21)Quality Control Area (22)附助区 (22)Ancillary Areas (22)设备 (23)Equipment (23)第四章文件CHAPTER 4: DOCUMENTATION (24)原则 (24)Principle (24)通则 (25)General (25)文件要求 (27)Documents Required (27)Specifications (27)Specifications for starting and packaging materials (27)Specifications for Intermediate and Bulk Products (27)Specifications for Finished Products (28)Manufacturing Formulae and Processing Instructions (28)Packaging Instructions (30)Batch Processing Records (31)Batch Packaging Records. (32)Procedures and Records........................................................................................ .. (33)Receipt (34)Sampling (34)Testing (35)Other (35)第五章生产CHAPTER 5: PRODUCTION......................................... ........ (36)原则........................................ . (36)Principle (36)通则........................................ . (36)General (36)生产过程中对交叉污染的预防 (39)Prevention of Cross-contamination in Production (39)Validation................................. . (40)原料........................................ . (41)Starting Materials..................... . (41)生产操作：中间产品和待包装产品 (42)Processing Operations: Intermediate and Bulk Products (42)包装材料........................................ . (43)Packaging Materials.......................... . (43)包装操作........................................ . (44)Packaging Operations........................ . (44)成品........................................ . (46)Finished Products..................... . (46)不合格、回收料和退货物料 (46)Rejected, Recovered and Returned Materials (46)第六章质量控制CHAPTER 6: QUALITY CONTROL (48)原则........................................ . (48)Principle................................... . (48)通则........................................ . (48)General... .. (48)质量控制实验室规范 (49)Good Quality Control Laboratory Practice (49)Documentation (49)Sampling................................... (50)Testing... .. (52)销售产品的稳定性考察 (54)第七章委托生产与委托检验CHAPTER 7: CONTRACT MANUFACTURE AND ANALYSIS (55)原则........................................ . (55)Principle................................... . (55)通则........................................ . (56)General..................................... . (56)委托方.................................... . (56)受托方.................................... (57)The Contract Acceptor.............. (57)合同........................................ . (58)The Contract............................. (58)第八章投诉与召回CHAPTER 8: COMPLAINTS AND PRODUCT RECALL (59)原则........................................ . (59)Principle.................................... . (59)投诉........................................ . (59)Complaints................................ . (59)召回 (60)Recalls (60)第九章自查CHAPTER 9: SELF INSPECTION (61)原则 (61)Principle (61)附件8 原辅料和包装材料的取样ANNEX8 SAMPLING OF STARTING AND PACKAGING MATERIALS (63)原则 (63)Principle (63)人员 (63)Personnel (63)原辅料 (63)Starting materials (64)包装材料 (65)Packaging material (65)第一章质量管理CHAPTER 1 QUALITY MANAGEMENTPrinciple原则生产许可证持有厂家只能生产医药产品，以确保药品符合其预期的使用目的，符合销售许可证的要求，并不因药品安全性、质量或药效方面的问题而给患者带来风险。

欧洲GMP附件15：确认与验证欧盟委员会，布鲁塞尔2001年7月发布目录原则 (2)验证计划 (2)文件 (2)确认 (3)工艺验证 (4)清洁验证 (6)控制改变 (6)再验证 (7)术语 (7)原则1.这部分说明了适用于药品生产的质量评定与验证的原则。

GMP检查要求厂商确定采用怎样的验证方法来证明控制了特殊操作的关键方面。

设备、仪器和生产过程中发生的可能会影响到产品质量的巨大变化，必须进行验证。

将会采用冒险的评价方法来确定验证的范围和程度。

验证计划2.所有的验证行为都应该预先计划。

验证程序的关键因素应该在总验证计划书（validation master plan）或相当文件中明确的定义和记载。

3.VMP应该是简短、简洁和清楚的概要文件。

4.VMP至少应该包括以下方面：a)验证方法b)验证行为的组织结构c)需要验证的设备、系统、装置和生产过程的概要d)文件格式：协议和报告的格式e)计划编制和行程安排f)改变控制g)参考的现有文献5.如果计划庞大，必须建立主计划的分布验证计划文件6.应建立书面议定书，详细说明怎样进行质量检验和验证。

议定书应该经过评论和核准。

议定书应该详细说明关键步骤和可接受的准则。

7.应该准备涉及到质量检验和/或验证议定书的报告。

报告总结得到的结果，对观察到的任何偏差进行解释，得出必要的结论，包括提出必要的改变弥补不足。

与议定书确定的计划不一样的地方都应该记录并作出合理解释。

8.当满意的质量检验完成后，应该正式发布质量检验和验证的下一步骤。

确认设计确认（DQ）9.新设备、系统或装置验证的首要因素应该设计质量检验标准。

10.设计的质量检验标准与GMP要求是否符合应该进行证明和记录安装确认（IQ）11.安装确认应该在新的或改进的设备、系统和装置上进行。

12.安装确认应该包括，但不仅限于以下几点：a)设备、管道、设施的安装符合现在工程图和规范的要求b)供应者操作和工作设备和维护要求的收集和整理c)校准要求d)厂房建设原料的验证操作确认（OQ）13.操作确认在安装确认之后。