- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
took stock
Relations situation
(It
is ) too early
• Use textbook or band 8 to practice.
• what to note? Ideas Links Who is speaking Verb tense and modal verbs Proper names, Numbers, Dates… Terms to be transcoded (repeated, not processed and paraphrased in target language. ) The last sentence of a speech.
If…then…, had I known, were this to happen
For example, in particular,
Also, in addition
The paragraph mark: no link, end of section, end of idea
B
THO
But, however, nonetheless, on the other hand, in spite of this…
First Week notes
• “Note the ideas, not the words” • Words cannot tell you the info. •
• Sentences
• Simplify long sentence and recognize the core message. • Subject + Verb + Object group • Not about grammar, but on ideas. • Every sentence can be divided into SVO structure.
4
5
6 7
But, however,
Although, despite (the fact that
Because, the main reason for this
Hence, this means that, the result of this is, In order to, in such a way as to, so that,
2
3
A successful trade round would be a massive prize. If we could halve world tariffs,
then that would add as much as $400 billion annually to world incomes, of which at least 150 billion will flow to developing countries. That’s more than 3 times what they currently get in aid. But to achieve this we need to reform the CAP.
//
A successful trade round would be a massive prize. If we could halve world tariffs,
then that would add as much as $400 billion annually to world incomes, of which at least 150 billion will flow to developing countries. That’s more than 3 times what they currently get in aid. But to achieve this we need to reform the CAP.
• On Chechnya, there have, it is true, been some recent moderately positive developments in response to international and European Union pressure: for example the recent ECHO mission was able to take place and western humanitarian agencies have greater access to the area. The conflict nevertheless continues and we still have considerable concerns. In particular, we want to see much greater access for humanitarian aid agencies. We want to see genuinely independent investigation into reports of human rights abuses, and we want to see a real dialogue between the Russian government and the Chechens.
Although, despite (the fact that), even though, while, whilst…
COS
Because, the main reason for this, what is causing this, what's behind this?
Hence, this means that, the result of this is, the consequence of this is, so that, because of this, therefore, this is why…
• On Chechnya, there have, it is true, been some recent moderately positive developments in response to international and European Union pressure: for example the recent ECHO mission was able to take place and western humanitarian agencies have greater access to the area. The conflict nevertheless continues and we still have considerable concerns. In particular, we want to see much greater access for humanitarian aid agencies. We want to see genuinely independent investigation into reports of human rights abuses, and we want to see a real dialogue between the Russian government and the Chechens.
//
Britain and Germany are among those countries pushing most for an ambitious new WTO round. So, for both the UK and Germany, the failure of the trade talks in Cancun was a huge disappointment.
Subject
verb
object
Subject
verb
object
Subject verb object
There were
devk
Relations situation
It
is too early
(There were )
developments
We
1
Britain and Germany are among those countries pushing most for an ambitious new WTO round. So, for both the UK and Germany, the failure of the trade talks in Cancun was a huge disappointment.
• Forget the clauses, focus only on the core message. • Clauses later. • For example,
• In the areas for which I have some responsibility, there were also, as the Prime Minister has mentioned, some important developments at Feira. We took stock of the European Union's relations with Russia and the situation there, including in Chechnya, in the light of the recent EU-Russia Summit, which I think was regarded as fairly successful. It is too early to judge President Putin's economic programme; however, our basic message is that a sound programme will be vital to boost investor confidence.
