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南京交通职业技术学院教案授课主要内容说明：教师备课笔记由学校自订式样并附后Unit 2 HistoryLesson 4 A Brief History of the USA I．Revision:Oral homework：What’s your impression of the USA ? (可以适当的用中文)参考资料Mount RashmoreMount Rushmore National Memorial, near Keystone, South Dakota, is a monumental granite sculpture by Gutzon Borglum, with 60-foot (18 m) sculptures of the heads of former United States presidents (left to right): George Washington (1732–1799), Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826), Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919), and Abraham Lincoln (1809–1865). Abraham LincolnThe 16th President of the United States, who guided his country through the most devastating experience in its national history---the Civil War.US Coat of ArmsThe Great Seal of the United States is used to authenticate certain documents issued by the United States federal government. The Great Seal was first used publicly in 1782.The design on the obverse of the great seal is the national coat of arms of the United States. It is officially used on documents such as United States passports, military insignia, embassy placards, and various flags.Franklin RooseveltFranklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 –April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was the thirty-second President of the United States. Elected to four terms in office, he served from 1933 to 1945 and is the only U.S. president to have served more than two terms. He was a central figure of the 20th century during a time of worldwide economic crisis and world war, and has been ranked as one of the three greatest US presidents in scholarly surveys.II. New Lesson:Part I. Word BoxPart II. TextPre-reading: Give a brief introduction of the historic periods of the USA by referring to1. Who first came to America and how did they come there?(People migrated from Asia via Bering Land Bridge some 2000 years ago.They are called Native Americans.)2. Who was the first European to set foot on the new world? Why did hename the local people Indians?(Christopher Columbus came to Puerto Rico in 1492 and named the local people Indians) 3. Who proved that the land was not India?(Amerigo Vespucci proved that the land was not India, therefore the land was named America after him.)The present-day United States was originally populated by people migrating from Asia via the Bering land bridge（白令海峡大陆桥）starting some 20,000 years ago.These people became the indigenous people who inhabited the Americas before the arrival of European explorers and who are now called Native Americans.Christopher Columbus was the first European to set foot on what would one day become U.S. territory when he came to Puerto Rico in 1492. He thought he had reached India, so he named the local people Indians, not knowing that he had discovered a New Continent.Amerigo Vespucci（亚美瑞格.韦斯普奇）, another navigator（航海家）proved that the land was not India, therefore the land was named America after him.(2). English Colonial America (1067-1776)1. Where was the first colony founded?2. How many colonies did the British establish along the east coast of North America?3. Why did puritans leave their own countries?4. How did they establish the Plymouth colony?The first English colony in the Americas was founded at Jamestown(詹姆士镇), Virginia in 1607.Between 1607 and 1733 the British established 13 colonies along the east coast of North America.By 1750, nearly 2 million people were living in these colonies, many of whom were Puritans who left their own countries in search of religious freedomThe most typical example was the voyage of the Mayflower ship, which carried the Pilgrims across the Atlantic Ocean and arrived at Plymouth(普利茅斯) in 1620, built the Plymouth colony.From 1630 to 1643, the great Puritan migration brought about 20,000 Englishmen to the Massachusetts Bay colony.北美洲原为印第安人聚居地。
全国高等教育自学考试指定教材英语专业（本科段）课程代码0600（2000版）主编：王家湘高级英语课后答案Lesson One Rock Superstars:What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society?A1. 1) The author uses the two quotations to introduce the discussion and express his ideas aboutrock music and young culture heroes. 2) Yes, they are.2. The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstarsvery much, but the adults find these rock superstars are sick. These examples are used to show that young people and adults have totally different attitudes towards rock music.3. Irving Horowitz believes that rock music can express its time. He sees it as a debating forumwhere American society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs.4. When he appeared on the Ed. Sullivan Sunday night variety show in front of millions, a kind of“debate”took place. Most of the old people frowned while most of the young viewers applauded.5. Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety. The RollingStones demanded revolution.6. Apart from politics, the rock music dealt with a range of feelings and emotions.7. The rock superstars got applause, praise and money.8. No, he hasn’t. It is impossible for the author to give a complete answer in a short article. Heends his article with questions because he wants to leave the question to the readers and let them think.B1.他描述道：“贾格尔抓起半加仑水，沿着前台跑，边跑边把水洒向前几排酷热难耐的歌迷身上……”2. 你对这种赞美和英雄崇拜是怎样看的？3. 或者是由于他把你狂热的幻想表演出来了，你就不知不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑吸引？4. 一些社会学家认为，你对这些问题的回答，可以说明你在想什么，社会在想什么。
Lesson 11.就连乔·巴顿，对全球变暖持怀疑态度、来自得克萨斯州的共和党众议员，都谴责BP 管理人员“对安全和环境问题表现得漠不关心”。
2.显然，考虑到清理费用和对BP 声誉的影响，高管们真希望可以回到过去，多花些钱让“深水地平线”更安全。
他们没有增加这笔费用就表明他们认为钻机在当时的状态下不会出问题。
3.埃克森公司瓦尔迪兹漏油事件发生后，在1990 年的一个法案很少引人注意的一项条款中，美国国会将钻机泄漏清理费用的责任上限定为7 500 万美元。
即使对旅游业、渔业等造成的经济损失高达数十亿美元，责任方也仅需要支付7 500 万美元。
4.不过，如果认为我们目前仍然低估的只是那些突然间引人注目的风险，那是非常愚蠢的。
Lesson21It is a cliché,as it is to talk of apocalypse and nightmare,but when something is beyond our experience,we reach for the points of reference we have.说到世界末日和噩梦又是老生常谈，但是当事情超出我们的经验时，我们总会寻找现有的东西作为参照。
2Lest you should ever forget the smallness of being human,the iconic Mount Fuji,instantly reco gnisable yet somehow different on every viewing,is an extinct volcano.唯恐你会忘记作为人类的渺小，标志性富士山，一眼即能认出但不知何故每次观看又呈现出不同景象，就是一座死火山。
3It surprised me,over the following months that the gas attack seemed to dominate the national media coverage,whereas Kobe,after the initial weeks of horrifying footage,slipped somewhat i nto the background.在随后的几个月里，让我吃惊的是毒气攻击似乎占据了国家媒体报道的主要内容，而阪神大地震经过了最初几周骇人听闻的电视报道后，已经退居次位了。
Lesson 4（录音2a 10:30始）Part A Getting StartedSHORT CONVERSATIONS Listen to the tape carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard.1. a. It is quite old.b. It can run well after repairs.c. It can be equipped with some attachments.d. He is satisfied with it.2. a. Tom will win a race someday.b. Tom has gained much from sports.c. Tom should consider quitting the track team.d. Tom did better than expected in his first year on the team.3. a. She often spends time in the sun.b. The sun has already gone down.c. Too much sun makes her dizzy.d. Her skin is sensitive to the sun.4. a. They don't enjoy swimming.b. They won't go swimming in the lake that day.c. They don't know how to swim.d. They'll swim in the lake the next day.5. a. The style of the sweater she is wearing is very common.b. The man saw Jane wearing the sweater.c. She wore the sweater for the first time the day before.d. She usually doesn't borrow clothes from Jane.6. a. The man should look into the problem of his new car.b. The man should take care of his car.c. The man should fly to Florida.d. The man should get his car checked.7. a. She is on a special diet.b. She doesn't like to walk to the cafeteria.c. She thinks the cafeteria is too expensive.d. She doesn't eat lunch anymore.8. a. Keep looking for his wallet.b. Report the theft of the wallet right away.c. Put his wallet in his jacket pocket.d. Be more careful with his wallet.9. a. To tell him they are busy.b. To cancel an appointment.c. To invite him to go to a film.d. To ask him a question about homework.10. a. She wants to exercise before she runs.b. It's too hot to go running.c. Her jogging suit isn't warm enough.d. She already went jogging.11. a. She appreciates the man' she\p.b. Her presentation was somewhat long.c. She needed more time to prepare.d. She worked hard on her presentation.12. a. It’s just past ten o’clock.b. There’s no time to talk.c. The woman needs a little more time.d. The woman has more than ten cents.13. a. He wants a glass of water.b. He won't do as the woman asks.c. He can't wait any longer.d. He's looking for the waiter.14. a. Bob should get married in the state where the woman lives.b. The woman should go to California to attend thewedding.c. The woman should stay at home and enjoy her time.d. The woman should go to California and stay there for a long time.15. a. He wants to know which scarf the woman chose.b. He wants to know what color the jacket is.c. He thinks he selected a nice scarf.d. He thinks any color would go well with the jacket. KEYS: d c d b b d c a c a d a b b cTranscript:1.W: I am amazed you’re still driving that old car of yours. I thought you’d have gotten rid of it years ago. M: It runs well. And I’ve actually grown quite attached to it.Q: What does the man think of his car?a. It is quite old.b. It can run well after repairs.c. It can be equipped with some attachments.d. He is satisfied with it.2. W:. Tom has tried so hard to win a race since he first joined the track team. But it's two years later, and he still hasn’t.M: I know. And it takes so much time from his class work. Maybe he should just forget about sports for now. Q: What does the man think of Tom's doing sports?a. Tom will win a race someday.b. Tom has gained much from sports.C. Tom should consider quitting the trackteam.d. Tom did better than expected in his first yearon the team.3. M: Don't you just love the hot mid-day sun?W: I sure do. Unfortunately, it doesn't like my skin. Q: What does the woman mean?a. She often spends time in the sun.b. The sun has already gone down.c. Too much sun makes her dizzy.d. Her skin is sensitive to the sun.4. W: I'm not going swimming in the lake unless it warms up outside today.M: Me, neither. Unfortunately, I think it is supposed to stay this cold all day.Q: What can be inferred about the speakers?a. They don't enjoy swimming.b. They won't go swimming in the lake thatday.c. They don't know how to swim.d. They'll swim in the lake the next day.5. M: That sweater is so unusual, and yet it looks familiar. Did I just see you wearing that yesterday?W: Well, not me. But it belongs to my roommate, Jane, and she is in your physics class.Q: What does the woman imply?a. The style of the sweater she is wearing is verycommon.b. The man saw Jane wearing the sweater.c. She wore the sweater for the first time the daybefore.d. She usually doesn't borrow clothes from Jane.6. M: You know my car hasn't been the same since I bumped into that telephone pole.W: You'd better have that looked into before you drive to Florida.Q: What advice does the woman give?a. The man should look into the problem of hisnew car.b. The man should take care of his car.c. The man should fly to Florida.d. The man should get his car checked.7. M: I notice that you don't buy your lunch in the cafeteria any more.W: When prices went up I decided to bring my own.Q: Why doesn't the woman buy food in the cafeteria?a. She is on a special diet.b. She doesn't like to walk to the cafeteria.c. She thinks the cafeteria is too expensive.d She doesn't eat lunch anymore.8 . M: If I don't find my wallet pretty soon, I'm going to have to report it stolen. .W: Hold on. Before you call the campus security office, have you checked your car or your jacketpocket, everywhere?Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?a. Keep looking for his wallet.b. Report the theft of the wallet right away.c. Put his wallet in his jacket pocket.d Be more careful with his wallet.9.M: I've been calling David for the past half hour, butI keep getting a busy signal.W: Well, if you don't get him soon we'll just have to go to the movies without him.Q: Why are the women trying to call David?a. To tell him they are busy.b. To cancel an appointment.c. To invite him to go to a film.d. To ask him a question about homework.10. M: Are you ready to go jogging?W: Almost. I have to warm up first.Q: What does the woman mean?a. She wants to exercise before she runs.b. It's too hot to go running.c. Her jogging suit isn't warm enough.d. She already went jogging.11. M: You did an excellent job on that presentation.W: Thanks. I put a lot of time into it.Q: What can be inferred about the woman?a. She appreciates the man' she\p.b. Her presentation was somewhat long.c.She needed more time to prepare.d. She worked hard on her presentation.12. M: Got the time?W: It’s a little after ten.Q: What do you learn from the conversation?a. It’s just past ten o’clock.b. There’s no time to talk.c. The woman needs a little more time.d. The woman has more than ten cents.13. W: Excuse me, could you bring me a glass of water, please?M: Sorry, but I am not a waiter.Q: What do you learn about the man?a. He wants a glass of water.b. He won't do as the woman asks.c. He can't wait any longer.d. He's looking for the waiter.14.W: My cousin Bob is getting married in California and I can't decide whether to go.M: It's a long trip but I think you'll have a good time.Q: What's the man's suggestion?a. Bob should get married in the state where thewoman lives.b. The woman should go to California to attendthe wedding.c. The woman should stay at home and enjoy hertime.d. The woman should go to California and staythere for a long time.15. W: Thanks a lot, this scarf will be perfect with my blue jacket.M: Made a good choice, did I?Q: What's the man's implication?a. He wants to know which scarf the woman chose.b. He wants to know what color the jacket is.c. He thinks he selected a nice scarf.d. He thinks any color would go well with thejacket.Part B Intensive Listening EducationPassage I Higher Education in the United States Exercisesi. Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you have heard.1. a. Education during the Civil War.b. Post-Civil War developments in higher education in the U.S.A.c. Current trends in technological education.d. Benefits for women in state universities.2. a. Two. b. Three. c. Ten.d. One hundred.3. a. 150 thousand. b. 115 thousand. c. Over one million. d. Over ten million.4. a. Vassar. b. Wellesley. c. Smith.d. Harvard and John Hopkins University.5. a. It was well established.b. It was the same as that available to men.c. It was only available in the northern states.d. It was not highly developed.KEYS: b b c d dTranscript:Since 1945 more than one million students from all over the world have studied in the United States. In a recent single year, there were more than 150,000 foreign students who came to the United States' institutions of higher learning. They were welcomed and most were successful in their academic studies. Foreign students who study in the United States benefit a lot from the American educational system.Three developments that today's students are benefiting from started more than a century ago following the Civil War. The first of these was the rapid growth of technological and professional education to meet the urgent demands of a complex industrial and urban society. New schools of technology, engineering, architecture, law and medicine flourished. The second was the provision for graduate study, such as what had long existed in France and Germany. Harvard and John Hopkins Universities quickly took the lead in this field, but the state universities did not lag far behind. The third was the increased provision for the education of women.This included the establishment of new women's colleges, such as Vassar, Wellesley and Smith, and the adoption of co-education in all the new state universities as well as in many private institutions. These developments, the growth of technological and professional education, the provision for graduate study, and the increased educational opportunities for women, began over a century ago following the end of the Civil War.1. What does the speaker mainly talk about?a. Education during the Civil War.b. Post-Civil War developments in higher education in the U.S.A.c. Current trends in technological education.d. Benefits for women in state universities.2. How many major educational changes does the speaker discuss?a. Two.b. Three.c. Ten.d. One hundred.3. How many foreign students have studied in the United States since 1945?a. 150 thousand,b. 115thousand.c.. Over one million,d. Over ten million.4. Which university took the lead in providing graduate study for the students?a. Vassar.b. Wellesley.c. Smith,d. Harvard and John Hopkins University.5. What can you infer about the education for women in the United States before the Civil War?a. It was well established.b. It was the same as that available to men.c. It was only available in the northern states.d. It was not highly developed.Passage II Education in CanadaExercisesi. Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you have heard.1. According to the passage, what do the compulsory education laws require in Canada?a. In all schools English and French must be spoken.b. Students have to attend school until the age of fifteen or sixteen.c. Entrance requirements for higher education in all provinces must be the same.d. All institutions must offer some adult education courses.2. Which province in Canada maintains a dual school system?a. Saskatchewan.b. Alberta.c. Quebec.d. Ontario.3. Which institutions offer a four-year honors degree?a. Traditional universities,b. Junior colleges.c. Community colleges,d. Technical institutes.4. What are all the traditional universities concerned about?a. The religious beliefs of the students.b. The relationship between their curricula, the economy and society.c. The difficulty in offering some adult education courses.d. The differences in the entrance requirements from other universities.5. What can you infer from the passage?a. Education in Canada is very similar to that in the US.b. Education in Canada is very similar to that in Britain.c. Education in Canada stresses learning French.d. Education in Canada is unique because of its bilingual and bicultural heritage.KEYS: b c a b dTranscript:Canada's per capita spending on education is among the world's highest. All provinces have compulsory education laws requiring that students attend school untilthe age of fifteen or sixteen. Elementary education includes kindergarten through the eighth grade. Canada's bilingual and bicultural heritage has had, and continues to have, a profound effect on the educational system. Since 1985, the province of Ontario has maintained publicly funded Roman Catholic and French-language schools from kindergarten through the twelfth grade in addition to the English-language schools. Saskatchewan and Alberta also support separate Roman Catholic schools. Quebec Province maintains a dual school system —Protestant and Catholic, each with its own school board.Higher education in Canada is offered in a variety of forms. Entrance requirements vary from one province to another. The traditional universities offer three-year general degree programs and four-year honors degree programs emphasizing a specialization. Seven of the universities are French-speaking while the others are English. All the traditional universities are concerned about the relationship between their curricula, the economy and society. Graduates in recent years have faced considerable difficulty in finding employment.The Canadian provinces maintain junior colleges, community colleges, and technical institutes. They provide a variety of courses, often short-term, that cater to individual interests. These include subjects of current events and calligraphy. Adult education has become increasingly popular in Canada in recent years. Almost all institutions offer some adult education courses. Exercisesi. Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you have heard.1. According to the passage, what do the compulsory education laws require in Canada?a. In all schools English and French must be spoken.b. Students have to attend school until the age of fifteen or sixteen.c. Entrance requirements for higher education in all provinces must be the same.d. All institutions must offer some adult education courses.2. Which province in Canada maintains a dual school system?a. Saskatchewan,b. Alberta.C. Quebec, d. Ontario.3. Which institutions offer a four-year honors degree?a. Traditional universities,b. Junior colleges.c. Community colleges,d. Technical institutes.4. What are all the traditional universities concerned about?a. The religious beliefs of the students.b. The relationship between their curricula, the economy and society.c. The difficulty in offering some adult education courses.d. The differences in the entrance requirements from other universities.5. What can you infer from the passage?a. Education in Canada is very similar to that in the US.b. Education in Canada is very similar to that in Britain.c. Education in Canada stresses learning French.d. Education in Canada is unique because of its bilingual and bicultural heritage.。
现代大学英语精读5课后解释与翻译Lesson 41. If you want to be a musician or a painter, you must own a piano or hire models, and you have to visit or even live in cultural centers like Paris, Vienna and Berlin. And also you have to be taught by masters and mistresses. However, if you want to b e a writer, you don’t need all this.2. Those conventional attitudes would have taken away the most important part of my writing, the essence of my writing.3. Thus, whenever I felt the influence of the Victorian attitudes on my writing, I fought back with all my power.4. It was a sensible thing for men to give themselves great freedom totalk about the body and their passions. But if women want to have the same freedom, men condemn such freedom in women. And I do not believe that they realized how severely they condemn such freedom in women, nor do I believethat they can control their extremely severe condemnation of such freedom in women.5. It will take a long time for women to rid themselves of false values and attitudes and to overcome the obstacle to telling the truth about their body and passions.6. Even when the path is open to women in name only, when outwardly there is nothing to prevent a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant, inwardly there are still false ide as and obstacles impeding a woman’s progress.7. (Through fighting against the Angel in the House, through great labor and effort), you have gained a position or certain freedom in a society that has been up to now dominated by men.1. 就是她，在我写评论时，总是在我和我的写作之间制造麻烦。
Lesson 4 难句及难点[4]1. I do not believe that anybody can know until she has expressed herself in all the arts and professions open to human skill.2. That indeed is one of the reasons why I have come here--out of the respect for you, who are in process of showing us by your experiments what a woman is, who are in process of providing us, by your failures and successes, with that extremely important piece of information.[5]1. I made one pound ten and six by my first review; and I bought a Persian cat with the proceeds.2 .He has to induce in himself a state of perpetual lethargy.3. He wants life to proceed with the utmost quiet and regularity.4. ...nothing may break the illusion in which he is living--so that nothing may disturb or disquiet the mysterious nosings about, feelings round, darts, dashes, and sudden discoveries of that very shy and illusive spirit, the imagination.5.I want you to figure to yourselves a girl sitting with a pen in her hand, which for minutes, and indeed for hours, she never dips into the inkpot.6. The image that comes to my mind when I think of this girl is the image of a fisherman lying sunk in dreams on the verge of a deep lake with a rod held out over the water.7. She was letting her imagination sweep unchecked round every rock and cranny of the world that lies submerged in the depths of our unconscious being.8. The line raced through the girl’s fingers.9. It had sought the pools, the depths, the dark places where the largest fish slumber.10.And then there was a smash. There was an explosion. There was foam and confusion. The imagination had dashe d itself against something hard… To speak without figure, she had thought of something, something about the body, about the passions which it was unfitting for her as a woman to say. Men, her reason told her, would be shocked.11. The consciousness of what men will say of a woman who speaks the truth about her passions had roused her from her artist’s state of unconsciousness.12. This I believe to be a very common experience with women writers--they are impeded by the extreme conventionality of the other sex.13. For though men sensibly allow themselves great freedom in these respects, I doubt that they realize or can control the extreme severity with which they condemn such freedom in women.[6]1.The obstacles against her are still immensely powerful--and yet they are very difficult to define.2. Indeed it will be a long time still, I think, before a woman can sit down to write a book without finding a phantom to be slain, a rock to be dashed against.3. And if this is so in literature, the freest of all professions for women, how is it in the new professions which you are now for the first time entering?[7][1] Those are the questions that I should like, had I time, to ask you.2. Even when the path is nominally open--when there is nothing to revert a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant--there are many phantoms and obstacles, as I believe, looming in her way.3. To discuss and define them is, I think, of great value and importance; for thus only can the labor be shared, the difficulties be solved.4. But besides this, it is necessary also to discuss the ends and the aims for which we are fighting, for which we are doing battle with these formidable obstacles.5. Those aims cannot be taken for granted; they must be perpetually questioned and examined.6. The whole position, as I see it--here in this hall surrounded by women practicing for the first time in history I know not how many different professions--is one of extraordinary interest and importance.7. It has to be furnished; it has to be decorated; it has to be shared.8. How are you going to furnish it, how are you going to decorate it? With whom are you going to share it, and upon what terms?。
