天津市河西区2019-2020学年九年级(上)期末质量调查物理试题(word版含答案)
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2019-2020学年第一学期期中考试试卷九年级物理学科第一部分(共24分)一、选择题(本题共12小题,每小题2分,共24分.每小题只有一个选项正确)1.如图所示器具中,属于省力杠杆的是()2.关于力做功,下列说法中正确的是()A.用力推一辆汽车,汽车静止不动,推力在这个过程中对汽车做了功B.提着水桶在路面上水平向前移动一段路程,手的拉力对水桶做了功C.用力踢出去的足球在空中向前运动的过程中,脚对球的力对球做了功D.用手从地面提起水桶,手的拉力对水桶做了功3.为了纪念物理学家在能量转化中发现守恒思想的重大贡献,用其名字来命名功和能单位的是()A.牛顿B.焦耳C.安培D.伏特4.下列情景中,属于内能转化为机械能的是()A.甲和丙B.乙和丁C.乙和丙D.丙和丁5.如右图所示电路中,当开关1S,2S都闭合后,则()A.1L、2L都不发光B.1L、2L都发光C.1L发光、2L不发光D.1L不发光、2L发光6.关于温度、内能和热量,下列说法正确的是()A.物体的温度升高,它含的热量增加B.物体的内能增加,一定要吸收热量C.独轮车A.笤帚D.钓鱼杆B.筷子A B C D 第7题图C.物体的内能越多,放热一定越多D.物体的温度升高,它的内能就增加7.下列四个电路中与右边电路元件实物图对应的是()8.下列表述中,符合生活中实际的是()A.同学从地上捡起一本物理课本做功约为0.2JB. 家中空调工作时电流约为1AC.成人骑车时的功率大约是600WD. 30V的电压对人来说是安全的9.如图所示,AC>BC,在相同时间内把同一物体分别沿斜面AC、BC匀速推上顶端,推力分别为F1、F2,功率分别为P1、P2,在不考虑摩擦的情况下( )A. F1<F2,P1=P2B. F1>F2,P1>P2C. F1=F2,P1=P2D. F1<F2,P1<P210.用两个相同的电热器给质量同为2kg的物质甲和水加热,它们的温度随时间的变化关系如图所示,据此判断甲物质10min吸收的热量为()[水的比热容c=4.2×103 J/(kg·℃)].A.5.04×105J B.2.52×105JC.4.2×105J D.条件不足,不能计算11.如图所示,用相同的滑轮组装成甲、乙滑轮组,分别将同一重物在相等的时间内提升相同的高度,不计绳重和摩擦,则()A.甲、乙的拉力之比是2:3B.甲、乙绳的自由端速度之比是1:1C.甲、乙拉力的功率之比是3:2D.甲、乙的机械效率之比是1:112.一名游客蹦极时下落过程的v﹣t图象(忽略空气阻力)如图所示。
2018-2019学年天津市河西区九年级(上)期中物理试卷一、单项选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分)每小题给出的四个选项中只有一个最符合题意10060)1.(3分)如图所示的物品中,通常情况下属于导体的是()A.玻璃杯B.橡胶手套C.不锈钢筷子D.塑料勺2.(3分)如图所示,将两个铅柱的底面削平、削干净,然后紧紧地压在一起,在下面吊一个重物都不能把它们拉开。
这个实验事实主要说明()A.物质是由分子构成的B.分子之间存在引力C.分子之间存在斥力D.分子在不停地做无规则运动3.(3分)如图所示的事例中,通过做功的方式改变物体内能的是()A.烧热工件放入冷水中,工件的温度降低B.加热试管中的水,水温升高C.古代人利用钻木取火的方式获取火种D.发烧用冷毛巾敷头部,头部温度下降4.(3分)有甲、乙、丙三个带电体,甲物体排斥乙物体,乙物体吸引丙物体。
如果丙物体带正电,甲物体的带电情况为()A.正电荷B.负电荷C.正电荷或负电荷D.无法判断5.(3分)如图为汽油机工作过程中某一冲程的示意图,此冲程的名称及能量转化是()A.吸气冲程,内能转化为机械能B.压缩冲程,机械能转化为内能C.做功冲程,内能转化为机械能D.排气冲程,机械能转化为内能6.(3分)如图所示,滑动变阻器的接线柱D已连入电路中,要求当该变阻器的滑片P向D 端滑动时,接入电路中的电阻变大,则滑动变阻器连入电路的接线柱应是()A.接线柱A B.接线柱B C.接线柱C D.无法判断7.(3分)如图所示,闭合开关S,关于两灯的连接方式及电流表测通过哪盏灯的电流,下列判断正确的是()A.并联,灯L1电流B.并联,灯L2电流C.串联,灯L1、L2的总电流D.并联,灯L1、L2的总电流8.(3分)如图所示,在探究“串联电路电压的关系”时,闭合开关后,电压表v1的示数为2.5V,电压表V2的示数如图所示,则电压表V3的示数为()A.1V B.3 V C.4 V D.10V9.(3分)如图所示,这是一款带有LED方向指示灯的衣服,手腕上带有控制开关,骑单车时很实用。
第十一章 简单电路 实验探究题复习1.在“探究并联电路中的电流关系”实验中(1)小明想测量干路电流,连接的电路如图甲所示,检查电路发现只有一根导线接错了,请在这根导线上打上“×”,并改正。
(2)连接正确的电路后,闭合开关,电流表的示数为0.46A ,请在图乙中画出指针的位置(O为指针转轴)。
(3)小明换用不同规格的灯泡,多次改变电表位置,将测量数据记录在下表中。
分析数据得出结论:在并联电路中, 。
(4)第1次实验发现,灯泡L 1比L 2亮,则灯泡L 1的电阻 灯泡L 2的电阻;若两灯泡灯丝长度相同, 的灯丝更细。
2.在“探究影响电阻大小的因素”的实验中,某实验小组同学利用如图所示的电路分别对“导体电阻跟它的材料、长度、横截面积有关”的猜想进行实验验证。
实验中使用4根电阻丝,其规格、材料如表所示。
(1)实验中通过观察 来比较电阻的大小,此过程用到的研究方法是 。
(2)分别将C 、D 两根合金丝接入电路,可初步探究出的结论是 。
(3)分别将 (填编号)两根合金丝接入电路,可初步探究出的结论是:导体的材料、长度相同时,横截面积越小,电阻越大。
3.某科技兴趣小组在实验室看到若干长方体金属导体。
它们的材料相同,外形都如图甲所示,他们想探究该种导体电阻与厚度及边长的关系。
在老师的帮助下,他们测量了部分导体厚度h 、边长a 和电阻R ,并记录在表格中。
(在测量电阻时,老师要求导体都要按照图乙所示的方式通过导线接入电路;实验时环境温度保持不变。
)根据以上信息,请回答下面问题:(1)分析表格中的数据可得:该种导体电阻大小与边长a (选填“有关”或“无关”),与厚度h 成 (选填“正比”或“反比”)。
(2)从该种导体中,选取了厚度h 之比为2:3、边长a 之比为2:1的两个导体R 1、R 2,按图丙方式串联后接在闭合电路中,设两端的电压为U 1,R 2两端的电压为U 2,则U 1:U 2= 。
(3)现代集成电路技术需要电子元件微型化,且集成度越高,电子元件越需要微小。
2022-2023年九年级人教版物理第十三章内能试题精选【天津市】一、单选题(本大题共12小题)1. (天津南开区 2022-2023 学年九年级上学期期末考试物理试题)下列现象表明分子做无规则运动的是()A.灰尘四起B.花香满园C.雪花飘飘D.黄沙扑面2. (天津市河北区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末物理试题)关于分子动理论和物体内能的变化,下列说法中不正确的是()A.物质是由分子、原子组成B.一壶开水冷却,温度降低,内能减少C.物体吸收热量,内能就会增加,温度一定升高D.走在公园里,闻到阵阵花香,这种现象主要说明分子在不停地做无规则运动3. (天津市南开区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末物理试题)有关温度、热量、内能的说法,正确的是()A.物体温度升高,不一定吸收热量,但内能一定增加B.物体温度升高,内能不一定增加,但一定吸收热量C.物体吸收热量,内能不一定增加,但温度不一定升高D.发生热传递时,内能大的物体一定放出热量4. (天津南开区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末阶段练习物理学科试题)甲、乙两个物体间发生热传递,甲物体温度升高,乙物体温度降低,结果甲、乙两物体温度相同,在这一过程中甲物体内能增加了100J,则A.甲物体的热量也增加了100JB.乙物体放出100J内能,热量减少100JC.乙物体的内能减少了100JD.热传递后,甲、乙两个物体的内能相等5. (天津市南开区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末测试物理试题)质量和初温都相同的铝块和铜块(c铝>c铜),放出相同的热量后,将它们互相接触()A.热量从铜块传给铝块B.温度从铜块传给铝块C.热量从铝块传给铜块D.不发生传递6. (天津市南开区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末测试物理试题)春节期间,学校开展了“寻根同源,记住年味”的活动,如图所示是同学们晒的“年味”照片,下列描述正确的是()A.图甲中,玉润饱满的汤圆温度升高时,内能不变B.图乙中,红糖糍粑入嘴时很烫,是因为糍粑含有的热量很高C.图丙中,与盒子摩擦引燃的“鞭炮”是通过热传递改变内能D.图丁中,炖肉时我们在厨房以外的房间可以闻到香味,这是扩散现象7. (天津市和平区2021-2022学年九年级)热机的效率是热机性能的重要指标。
天津市河西区2023—2024学年高三学期期中质量调查生物试卷一、选择题(共12小题,每题4分,共48分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
)1. 科学家将编码天然蜘蛛丝蛋白的基因导入家蚕,使其表达出一种特殊的复合纤维蛋白,该复合纤维蛋白的韧性优于天然蚕丝蛋白。
下列有关该复合纤维蛋白的叙述,正确的是()A. 该蛋白的单体与天然蜘蛛丝蛋白的不同B. 该蛋白的肽链由氨基酸通过肽键连接而成C. 高温可改变该蛋白的化学组成,从而改变其韧性D. 该蛋白彻底水解的产物可与双缩脲试剂发生紫色反应【答案】B【分析】构成蛋白质的基本单位是氨基酸,每种氨基酸分子至少都含有一个氨基和一个羧基,且都有一个氨基和一个羧基连接在同一个碳原子上,这个碳原子还连接一个氢和一个R基,氨基酸的不同在于R 基的不同。
【详解】A、该蛋白的基本组成单位是氨基酸,与天然蜘蛛丝蛋白的基本单位相同,A错误;B、氨基酸是组成蛋白质的基本单位,该蛋白的肽链由氨基酸经过脱水缩合反应通过肽键连接而成,B 正确;C、高温可改变该蛋白的空间结构,从而改变其韧性,但不会改变其化学组成,C错误;D、该蛋白彻底水解的产物为氨基酸,不能与双缩脲试剂发生作用产生紫色反应,D错误;故选B。
2. 关于真核细胞结构与功能,下列叙述正确的是()A. 细胞壁作为植物细胞系统的边界具有控制物质进出的功能B. 线粒体内膜含有丰富的酶,是有氧呼吸生成CO2的场所C. 细胞骨架若被破坏,将影响细胞运动、分裂和分化等生命活动D. 哺乳动物成熟红细胞的质膜与高尔基体膜之间具有膜融合现象【答案】C【分析】细胞骨架是真核细胞中由蛋白质聚合而成的三维的纤维状网架体系,细胞骨架具有锚定支撑细胞器及维持细胞形态的功能,细胞骨架在细胞分裂、细胞生长、细胞物质运输、细胞壁合成等等许多生命活动中都具有非常重要的作用。
【详解】A、细胞膜作为植物细胞系统的边界具有控制物质进出的功能,A错误;B、有氧呼吸生成CO2的场所是线粒体基质,B错误;C、细胞骨架与细胞运动、分裂和分化等生命活动密切相关,故细胞骨架破坏会影响到这些生命活动的正常进行,C正确;D、哺乳动物成熟的红细胞没有细胞核及各种复杂的细胞器,也没有高尔基体,D错误。
2022-2023年九年级人教版物理第十七章欧姆定律试题精选【天津市】一、单选题(本大题共10小题)1. (天津市和平区2022-2023学年九年级上学期物理学科期末质量调查试题)把阻值分别为4Ω、6Ω的两只电阻串联在一个电压不变的电源上,电路中的电流为0.6A。
如果将它们并联在同一电源上,则干路的电流为()A.1A B.1.5A C.2A D.2.5A2. (天津市南开区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末物理试题)在图的电路中。
电源电压保持不变,电阻R0的阻值不变。
闭合开关S,移动滑动变阻器R的滑片P,发现电流表A的示数变小,则()A.滑片P向左滑动,电压表V的示数变小B.滑片P向左滑动,电压表V的示数变大C.滑片P向右滑动,电压表V的示数变小D.滑片P向右滑动,电压表V的示数变大3. (天津市南开区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末物理试题)如图所示,是一种自动测定油箱内油面高度的装置,R是转动式变阻器,它的金属滑片P是杠杆的一端,下列说法正确的是()A.油位越高,流过R的电流越大B.R、R0在电路中是并联的C.油位越高,R两端的电压越大D.油量表是由电流表改装而成的4. (天津市河北区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末物理试题)如图所示电路,闭合开关后,小灯泡L1和L2均不发光,电流表指针几乎不动,电压表指针有明显偏转。
若电路中只有一处故障,则可能是()A.L1短路B.L1断路C.L2短路D.L2断路5. (天津市河北区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末物理试题)灯L1和灯L2连接在电压为6V的电源上(电路中无其他用电器,且电源电压保持不变,L1和L2电阻不随温度变化),L1的电阻为20 ,两灯均发光时,测得L2中的电流为0.2A,则下列判断正确的是()①L1和L2两端的电压之比可能是1:1②L1和L2的电阻之比可能是2:3③L1和L2的电阻之比可能是2:1④L1和L2中的电流之比可能是1:1A.只有①和②B.只有③和④C.只有①②③D.①②③④均正确6. (天津南开区 2022-2023 学年九年级上学期期末考试物理试题)如图甲为某调光台灯,乙为该调光台灯的简单电路图,在电路图的M、N两点之间接入一个滑动变阻器,使得滑片P向右移动时,灯泡的亮度变亮,则下列方法中正确的是()A.A接M,B接N B.C接M,D接NC.A接M,D接N D.B接M,C接N7. (天津市和平区2022-2023学年九年级上学期物理学科期末质量调查试题)如图是小成同学做“探究电流与电压关系”实验的电路图,按照电路图连接好电路,闭合开关S,发现电流表和电压表的指针均没有偏转,电路中仅有一处故障,故障可能是()A.电阻R1断路B.电阻R1短路C.滑动变阻器R断路D.滑动变阻器R短路8. (天津市和平区2022-2023学年九年级上学期物理学科期末质量调查试题)如图所示是电阻甲和乙的I-U图像,下列说法正确的是()A.电阻乙为定值电阻B.当电阻甲两端电压为2 V时,R甲=0.4 ΩC.如图2所示,当开关S闭合,电路电流为0.2 A时,电路总电阻是15 ΩD.如图3所示,当开关S闭合,电源电压为2 V时,电路总电流为0.4 A9. (天津南开区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末阶段练习物理学科试题)如图所示,电路中R1>R2,开关闭合,电压表V的示数为6V,电压表V1的示数()A.等于6V B.大于3V C.等于3V D.小于3V10. (天津市南开区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末物理试题)我国法律规定,驾驶员醉驾要负刑事责任。
2018-2019学年江苏省盐城市东台市九年级(上)期末物理试卷副标题一、单选题(本大题共12小题,共24.0分)1.地磁场的磁极和地理两极并不重合,最早发现这一现象的人是()A. 欧姆B. 奥斯特C. 法拉第D. 沈括2.如图所示是一个便携式充电器正在给手机电池充电,在充电过程中,该手机电池相当于电路中的()A. 电源B. 开关C. 导线D. 用电器3.对在高速公路上行驶的汽车要进行限速,其实质是限制了汽车的()A. 摩擦力B. 势能C. 动能D. 惯性4.两个物体放在一起相互接触,它们之间发生了热传递,则接触前它们一定具有不同的()A. 比热容B. 热量C. 温度D. 内能5.下列四种情境中,人对物体做功的是()A. 举着杠铃原地不动B. 扛着米袋慢慢爬上楼梯C. 用力推汽车,汽车没动D. 提着水桶在水平地面上匀速前进6.园艺师傅使用如图所示的剪刀修剪树枝时,下列方法最省力的是()A. 尽量让树枝靠近O点,手握剪刀的位置远离O点B. 尽量让树枝远离O点,手握剪刀的位置靠近O点C. 尽量让树枝靠近O点,手握剪刀的位置靠近O点D. 尽量让树枝远离O点,手握剪刀的位置远离O点7.如图所示,a表示垂直于纸面的一条导线,它是闭合电路的一部分,当它在磁场中按箭头方向运动时,不能产生感应电流的是()8.电炉通电一段时间后,电炉丝热得发红,而与电炉丝相连的导线几乎不发热,主要是因为()A. 导线的电阻远小于电炉丝的电阻B. 导线的电阻远大于电炉丝的电阻C. 通过导线的电流小于通过电炉丝的电流D. 通过导线的电流大于通过电炉丝的电流9.如图所示,小明用漆包线绕成线圈ABCD,做成电动机模型,通电后能让线圈在磁场中持续转动的方法是()A. 将线圈一端的漆全部刮去,另一端刮去一半B. 将线圈一端的漆全部刮去,另一端的漆不刮C. 将线圈两端的漆各刮去一半,两端刮去的漆在同侧D. 将线圈两端的漆各刮去一半,两端刮去的漆在异侧10.现需要研究的课题有:①导体的电阻跟它的横截面积的关系;②导体的电阻跟它的长度的关系;③导体的电阻跟它的材料的关系。
天津市第四十一中学 2019--2020 学年度第一学期九年级物理质量调查第一次月考检测试题本试题分第 I 卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分一、单项选择题(本大题共 10 小题,每小题 3 分,共 30 分)每小题给出的四个选项中,只 有一个最符合题意,请将你选择的答案涂在答题卡相应的位置 1. 关于分子,你认为下面说法中错误的是A. 物质是由分子组成的B. 分子做永不停息的无规则运动C. 分子间存在相互作用力D. 分子之间只有引力,有的分子之间只有斥力2. 在图 2 所示的自然现象中,能用分子却运动知识解释的是3. A. 公园花香四溢B.山间大雾弥漫C. 公路尘土飞扬下列关于热现象的说法正确的是D.湖面柳絮飞舞A. 0℃的冰, 其内能为零B. 同一物体温度升高, 内能增加C. 物体吸收的热量越多,其温度越高D. 物体的温度越高其含有的热量越多4.如图所示,用电流表测量通过灯L1 的电流,其中电路正确的是A.B. C.D.5. 有甲乙丙三个带电体,甲物体排斥乙物体,乙物体吸引丙物体.如果丙物体带正电,甲 物体带电情况为A. 正电荷B. 负电荷C. 正电荷或负电荷D. 无法判断6. 一台单缸内燃机的转速为 1800r/min ,那么每秒钟内A. 活塞完成 30 个冲程B. 燃气对活塞做功 60 次C. 曲轴转动 30 转D. 完成 30 个工作循环7. 如图是简化了的玩具警车的电路图,以下说法中正确的是A. 开关 S 2 控制小灯泡B. 开关 S 1 控制整个电路C. 电动机与小灯泡工作时互不影响D. 开关 S 1、S 2 都闭合时电动机与小灯泡是串联的8. 质量相同、温度相同的铁块和铜块(c 铁>c 铜),放出相同的热量后,将它们互相接触, 则A. 热量将由铁块传给铜块B. 温度将由铜块传给铁块C. 热量将由铜块传给铁块D. 由于放出相同热量,所以它们之间不会发生热传递9. 某学校的前、后两个门各装一个开关,传达室内有红、绿两盏灯和电池组,若前门来人 闭合开关时红灯亮,后门来人闭合开关时绿灯亮,图 4 中的电路符合要求的是A.B.C.D.10. 如图所示,闭合开关 S 后,产生的现象是A. 灯 L l 、L 2 都亮B. 灯 L 1、L 2 都不亮C. 灯 L l 亮、L 2 不亮D. 灯 L 2 亮、L 1 不亮二、多项选择题(本大题共 3 小题,每小题 3 分,共 9 分)每小题给出的四个选项中,有多个符合题意,全部选对的得 3 分,选对但不全的得 1 分,不选或选错的得零分.请将 其序号涂在答题卡相应的位置.11. 如图所示,对于下列实验中所描述的物理过程,说法正确的是A. 试管内的水蒸气推动塞子冲出去时,水蒸气的内能减小B. 抽去玻璃隔板,两瓶中气体逐渐混合均匀,说明空气比二氧化氮的密度大C. 给瓶内打气,瓶内的空气推动塞子跳起来时,瓶内空气的内能减小D. 厚玻璃管中的空气被压缩时,管内空气的内能减小12. 如图所示的电路图中,下列说法正确的是A. 断开 S1、S3,闭合 S2,L1、L2 都亮,两灯串联B. 断开 S2,闭合 S1、S3,L1、L2 都亮,两灯并联C. 断开 S1、S2,闭合 S3 电路是通路D. 断开 S1,闭合 S2、S3 电路是短路13. 如图所示,验电器 A 的金属箔片闭合,小新同学用丝绸摩擦过的玻璃棒 B 接触验电器A 的金属球,看到金属箔片张开,下列说法正确的是A. 验电器 A 金属箔片带的是正电荷B. 验电器 A 金属箔片带的是负电荷C. 此过程中,产生的瞬间电流方向是从 A 到 BD. 此过程中,产生的瞬间电流方向是从 B 到 A第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(共 2 大题 共 61 分)三、填空题(本大题共 6 小题,每小题 4 分,共 24 分)14. 沿海地区同沙漠地区相比,昼夜温差小,同样的日照条件下,水的比热容比沙子的比热填“一定”或“不一定”)15. 电流表(选填“能”或“不能”)直接接在电源上,读出表盘的读数 。
天津市滨海新区2019-2020学年度第一学期期末检测试卷九年级数学一.选择题(共12小题)1.下列图形中,是中心对称图形的是()A.B.C.D.2.抛物线22(1)3y x=--+的顶点坐标是()A.(1,3)B.(1,3)-C.(1,3)--D.(1,3)-3.某个事件发生的概率是12,这意味着()A.在一次试验中没有发生,下次肯定发生B.在一次事件中已经发生,下次肯定不发生C.每次试验中事件发生的可能性是50%D.在两次重复试验中该事件必有一次发生4.已知ABC DEF∆∆且对应中线之比为9:16,则ABC∆与DEF∆的周长之比为() A.4:3B.3:4C.16:9D.9:165.如图,在66⨯的正方形网格中,连结两格点A,B,点C、D是线段AB与网格线的交点,则::BC CD DA 为()A .3:4:5B .1:3:2C .1:4:2D .3:6:56.如图,90AOB ∠=︒,30B ∠=︒,将AOB ∆绕点O 顺时针旋转角度得到△A OB '',旋转角α为.若点A '落在AB 上,则旋转角α的大小是( )A .30︒B .45︒C .60︒D .90︒7.在半径为12的O 中,150︒的圆心角所对的弧长等于( ) A .10πB .12πC .24πD .5π8.若抛物线2(1)y x =+先向下平移2个单位长度,再向左平移1个单位长度,则所得到的新抛物线的解析式是( )A .2(2)2y x =++B .22y x =-C .22y x =+D .2(2)2y x =+-9.若点1(1,)y -,2(2,)y ,3(3,)y 在反比例函数5y x=-的图象上,则1y ,2y ,3y 的大小关系是( ) A .123y y y >> B .231y y y >> C .312y y y >> D .132y y y >>10.如图,O 的直径AB 垂直于弦CD ,垂足为E ,22.5A ∠=︒,4OC =,CD 的长为( )A .B .4C .8D .11.如图,边长为1的正方形ABCD 绕点A 逆时针旋转得到正方形111AB C D ,使边1AB 恰好落在对角线AC 上,边11B C 与CD 交于点O ,则四边形1AB OD 的面积是( )A .34B .716C 1 D12.二次函数2(0)y ax bx c a =++≠的图象如图所示,1c <-,其对称轴为直线1x =-,与x 轴的交点为1(x ,0)、2(x ,0),其中101x <<,有下列结论:①0abc >;②232x -<<-;③421a b c -+<-;④2(1)a b am bm m ->+≠-;其中,正确的结论个数是()A .1个B .2个C .3个D .4个二.填空题(共6小题)13.将二次函数245y x x =-+化为2()y a x h k =-+的形式,则y = .14.已知反比例函数(ky k x=为常数,0)k ≠的图象经过点(2,2)P ,当12x <<时,则y 的取值范围是 .15.如图,ABCD 中,点E 是AD 边的中点,BE 交对角线AC 于点F ,若2AF =,则对角线AC 长为 .16.如图,PQR ∆是O 的内接正三角形,四边形ABCD 是O 的内接正方形,//BC QR ,则BOQ ∠= .17.如图,将直角ABC ∆绕点C 顺时针旋转90︒至△A B C ''的位置,已知10AB =,6BC =,M 是A B ''的中点,则AM = .18.如图,在每个小正方形的边长为1的网格中,ABC ∆的顶点A ,B ,C 均在格点上,D 为AC 边上一点.(Ⅰ)线段AC的长度等于;(Ⅰ)在如图所示的网格中,AM是ABC∆的角平分线,在AM上求一点P使CP+DP的值最小,请用无刻度的直尺,画出AM和点P,并简要说明点AM和点P的位置是如何找到的(不要求证明).三.解答题(共7小题)19.(本题8分)已知图中的曲线是反比例函数5(my mx-=为常数)图象的一支.(1)这个反比例函数图象的另一支在第几象限?常数m的取值范围是什么?(2)若该函数的图象与正比例函数2y x=的图象在第一象限内的交点为A,过A点作x轴的垂线,垂足为B,当OAB∆的面积为4时,求点A的坐标及反比例函数的关系式.20.(本题8分)一个不透明的布袋里装有4个大小、质地都相同的乒乓球,球面上分别标有数字1,2,3,4,小明先从布袋中随机摸出一个乒乓球,不放回去,再从剩下的3个球中随机摸出第二个乒乓球.(1)求小明第一次摸出的乒乓球所标数字是偶数的概率;(2)请用树状图或列表的方法求两次摸出的乒乓球球面上数字的积为偶数的概率.21.(本题10分)如图,四边形ABCD中//AB CD,点F在BC上,连DF与AB的延长线交于点G.(1)求证:CDF BGF∽;∆∆(2)当点F是BC的中点时,过F作//AB=,4EF CD交AD于点E,若6EF=,求BG的长.22.(本题10分)如图,在ABC∆中,90BC=.以BC为直径的O交AC于D,E是AB的AB=,6ABC∠=︒,8中点,连接ED并延长交BC的延长线于点F.(1)求证:DE是O的切线;(2)求DB的长.23.(本题10分)商城某种商品平均每天可销售20件,每件盈利30元,为庆元旦,决定进行促销活动,经调查发现,每件商品每降价1元,商场平均每天可多售出2件.设该商品每件降价x 元,请解答下列问题 (1)用含x 的代数式表示: ①降价后每售一件盈利 元; ②降价后平均每天售出 件;(2)在此次促销活动中,商城若要获得最大盈利,每件商品应降价多少元?获得最大盈利多少元?24.(本题10分)已知ABC ∆中,AB AC =,D 、E 是BC 边上的点,将ABD ∆绕点A 旋转,得到ACD ∆',连结D E '. (1)如图1,当120BAC ∠=︒,60DAE ∠=︒时,求D AE ∠'的度数; (2)如图2,当DE D E ='时,求证:12DAE ∠=BAC ∠. (3)如图3,在(2)的结论下,当90BAC ∠=︒,BD 与DE 满足怎样的数量关系时,△D EC '是等腰直角三角形?(直接写出结论,不必说明理由)25.(本题10分)如图,在平面直角坐标系中,抛物线23y ax bx =++与x 轴交于(4,0)A -、(1,0)B -两点,与y 轴交于 点C ,点D 是第三象限的抛物线上一动点. (1)求抛物线的解析式;(2)设点D 的横坐标为m ,ACD ∆的面积为S ,求出S 与m 的函数关系式,并写出m 的取值范围; (3)若点P 是抛物线对称轴上一点,是否存在点P 使得90APC ∠=︒?若存在,请直接写出点P 的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.滨海新区2019-2020学年度第一学期期末检测试卷九年级数学参考答案一.选择题(共12小题)二.填空题(共5小题)13.2(2)1x -+ 14.24y <<15.6 16.15°17 18. 5;如图取个点E ,连接AE 交BC 于M ,取个点F ,连接DF 交AM 于点P ,点P 即为所求.三.解答题(共7小题)19.(本题8分)解:(1)这个反比例函数图象的另一支在第三象限,这个反比例函数的图象分布在第一、第三象限,50m ∴->,解得5m >,即这个反比例函数图象的另一支在第三象限,常数m 的取值范围是5m >.(2)如图,由第一象限内的点A 在正比例函数2y x =的图象上,设点A 的坐标为0(x ,02)x 0(0)x >,则点B 的坐标为0(x ,0),4OAB S ∆=,∴001242x x =,解得02x =(负值舍去),∴点A 的坐标为(2,4), 又点A 在反比例函数5m y x -=的图象上,542m -∴=,即58m -=, ∴反比例函数的关系式为8y x =. 20.(本题8分)解:(1)第一次摸球共有四种结果,分别为:1,2,3,4 其中偶数有两种, 所以P (为偶数)2142==. (2)根据题意画树形图如下:由以上可知共有12种可能结果分别为:(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(2,1),(2,3),(2,4), (3,1),(3,2),(3,4),(4,1),(4,2),(4,3);在以上12种可能结果中,两个数字之积为偶数的只有10种, 所以P (积为偶数)105126==. 21.(本题10分)(1)证明:四边形ABCD ,//AB CD ,CDF G ∴∠=∠,DCF GBF ∠=∠,CDF BGF ∴∆∆∽. (2)解:由(1)CDF BGF ∆∆∽,又F 是BC 的中点,BF FC =,CDF BGF ∴∆≅∆,DF GF ∴=,CD BG =, ////AB DC EF ,F 为BC 中点,E ∴为AD 中点,EF ∴是DAG ∆的中位线,2EF AG AB BG ∴==+.22462BG EF AB ∴=-=⨯-=,2BG ∴=.22.(本题10分)(1)证明:连接BD ,DO , BC 是O 的直径,90ADB ∴∠=︒.90CDB ∴∠=︒又E 为AB 的中点,DE EB EA ∴==,EDB EBD ∴∠=∠. OD OB =,ODB OBD ∴∠=∠.90ABC ∠=︒,90EDB OBD ∴∠+∠=︒.即OD DE ⊥.DE ∴是O 的切线.(2)解:在Rt ABC ∆中,8AB =,6BC =,10AC ∴=, 1122ABC S AB BC AC BD ∆=⋅=,245AB BC BD AC ⋅∴==. 23(本题10分)解:根据题意,得①每件降价x 元后每售一件盈利(30)x -元;②降价后平均每天售出(202)x +件;(2)设获得最大利润y 元,根据题意,得22(30)(202)2406002(10)800y x x x x x =-+=-++=--+. ∴当10x =时,y 有最大值为800.答:每件商品应降价10元,获得最大盈利为800元.24.(本题10分)(1)解:ABD ∆绕点A 旋转得到ACD ∆',AD AD ∴=',CAD BAD ∠'=∠,120BAC ∠=︒,60DAE ∠=︒,D AE CAD CAE ∴∠'=∠'+∠BAD CAE =∠+∠BAC DAE =∠-∠ 12060=︒-︒60=︒,=60D AE DAE ∴∠'=∠,(2)证明:在ADE ∆和△AD E '中,AD AD AE AE DE D E ='⎧⎪=⎨⎪='⎩,ADE ∴∆≅△()AD E SSS ',DAE D AE ∴∠=∠', BAD CAE CAD CAE D AE DAE ∴∠+∠=∠'+∠=∠'=∠,12DAE BAC ∴∠=∠; (3)解:90BAC ∠=︒,AB AC =,45B ACB ACD ∴∠=∠=∠'=︒, 454590D CE ∴∠'=︒+︒=︒,△D EC '是等腰直角三角形,D E ∴'=',由(2)DE D E =',ABD ∆绕点A 旋转得到ACD ∆',BD C D ∴=',DE ∴.25.(本题10分)解:(1)将(4,0)A -、(,0)B l -代入23y ax bx =++得1643030a b a b -+=⎧⎨-+=⎩,解得34154a b ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩.故抛物线的函数解析式为2315344y x x =++; (2)令0x =,则3y =,(0,3)C ∴,设直线AC 的解析式为y mx n =+,代入(4,0)A -、(0,3)C 得403m n n -+=⎧⎨=⎩,解得343m n ⎧=⎪⎨⎪=⎩AC ∴的解析式为334y x =+; 过D 作//DE y 轴,交AC 于点E ,设2315(,3)44D m m m ++,(E m ,33)(41)4m m +-<<-, 则233153(3)444DE m m m =+-++,2334DE m m ∴=--, 222133342(3)6(2)62422S DE m m m m m ∴=⨯=--=--=-++(41)m -<<-, (3)存在点P 使得90APC ∠=︒,以AC 为直径作圆交抛物线的对称轴于P ,(4,0)A -、(0,3)C ,AC ∴的中点O 的坐标为3(2,)2-,5AC ==, 522AC OP ∴==, 抛物线23y ax bx =++与x 轴交于(4,0)A -、(,0)B l -两点,∴对称轴41522x --==-, 设5(2P -,)y ,22()2AC OP ∴=,222535(2)()()222y -++-=,解得32y =P ∴的坐标为5(2-或5(2-.。
天津市河西区2019-2020学年度第一学期高三年级质量调查英语试卷一、单选:15分1.---I am just wondering which team, Chicago Bulls or Washington Wizards, won the game last night? --- ____________. I don’t really like either team.A. Don’tmention itB. No problemC. Who cares?D. Why bother?2.The police recognized the criminal from his typical facial __________ --- a scar on the forehead.A. expressionB. featureC. outlineD. gesture3.I had hardly rung the bell _________ the door was opened suddenly, and my son rushed out to greet me.A. beforeB. untilC. asD. since4.The differences in the children’s achievements can not be completely explained _________ their social backgrounds.A. in terms ofB. in case ofC. in need ofD. in charge of5.________ was most important to her, she told me, was to keep healthy.A. ItB. ThisC. WhatD. As6.The church which is easily _________ from my home is being rebuilt.A. accessibleB. availableC. acceptableD. responsible7.Although passing the driving test _________ be difficult now, it’s worth the efforts.A. needB. shallC. canD. should8.Several of us were asked to attend the meeting as __________ below.A. listedB. listingC. to be listedD. having listed9.We are to hold the sports meeting next weekend, ________ the air quality becomes better.A. whichB. whenC. whereD. while10.I could not ________ my tears when I saw the picture of the celebrations for the 70th anniversaryof the founding of the People’s Republic of China.A. bring inB. turn upC. take offD. hold back11.Various efforts ________ in the past decades to protect the environment.A. had madeB. have madeC. were madeD. have been made12.--- I will fix your printer right now.--- Oh, _________. I’m in no hurry.A. take your timeB. that’s agreat ideaC. you arewelcomeD. I’d like to13.The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _________ more patients to be treated.A. allowingB. being allowedC. havingallowedD. allowed14.--- Hello, I ________ to ask if I can book a flight ticket to London tomorrow?--- Sorry, w e’ve already sold out.A. phoneB. will phoneC. am phoningD. have phoned15.Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _________ as one of the best all-round forms of exercises.A. regardB. is regardedC. are regardedD. regards二、完型:30分I was called into the principal’s office but I had no idea what I had done wrong. When I arrived, my brother Brian was there. He had been ____16____. Brian grasped my hand and said, “Amanda has been in a car accident.”Every inch of my body went ____17____ as I realized what he had said. My sister was injured. One question sounded over and over in my head--- how ____18____ this have happened? ____19_____ she was only 17 years old, Amanda was one of the safest drivers I knew. I felt terrified.My brother and I ____20_____ immediately for the hospital my sister was in. When we arrived, my sister’s face was ____21____ from the eyebrows up and you could see blood everywhere. She was ____22_____ to several machines. My mom and dad stood at her side crying.My sister looked up at me with blood-filled eyes, where I expected to see fear, I saw ___23_____. She said to me, “ I love you, Renee.” I suddenly realized how ____24_____ I tell my sister I love her. I tried to ___25_____ her, but she wasn’t lis tening any more, because some doctors were taking her away to the X-ray room.As they _____26____ my sister I wanted to scream out, but I couldn’t. I couldn’t move, speak or even cry until she was around the corner. Then the ____27_____ came. Though everyone kept telling me she would be ____28_____, something made me worried.Every moment that passed allowed the doubt in my mind to grow _____29____. Finally, the doctor walked down the hall and stood quietly in front of us. It was then ______30____ the long-awaited words came. Amanda was going to be okay.My heart leaped as I realized I ____31___ had a sister. She would need a lot of plastic surgery, but she was ____32_____.A year later, even though my sister and I quarrel sometimes, every time I see her face and ____33____ the large scar that stretches across it, I remember to tell her that I _____34____ her.I remember when I almost didn’t have the ___35___ to tell her again how much I love her.16. A. whispering B. shouting C. crying D. sighing17. A. frozen B. excited C. confused D. relaxed18. A. need B. might C. must D. could19. A. Only if B. Even though C. In case D. Now that20. A. cared B. watched C. looked D. left21. A. covered B. painted C. operated D. repaired22. A. applied B. attached C. related D. adjusted23. A. belief B. trouble C. strength D. shyness24. A. frequently B. much C. soon D. rarely25. A. answer B. refuse C. persuade D. hug26. A. gave up B. wheeled away C. turned to D. picked up27. A. confidence B. sweats C. sympathy D. tears28. A. angry B. disappointed C. fine D. dissatisfied29. A. thinner B. bigger C. weaker D. higher30. A. that B. what C. when D. which31. A. still B. ever C. even D. never32. A. ill B. afraid C. alone D. alive33. A. feel B. make C. touch D. spot34. A. cheat B. move C. love D. help35. A. mood B. chance C. time D. courage三、阅读:50分ABeaches are not only great for lying on and doing water sports, and in fact one of the best ways of enjoying them is a classic beach walk. Here at iWantSun. co. uk we’ve been searching the globe to find you the world’s best and most famous beach walks, and here’s our pick of the top. Click on the most interesting walks and join our tourist program.The Footpath of the Gods, Amalfi Coast, ItalyThe name says it all really and you truly feel excited there, walking along this wonderful mountain path, which offers some of the most striking views on the planet. The path begins at the town of Bomerano to charming Positano along the UNESCO World Heritage area of the Amalfi Coast. The whole walk will take you about four and half hours to complete and pass over narrow rocky paths.Sydney’s Great Coastal Walk, AustraliaSydney’s coastline is one the most beautiful and diverse landscapes in the world. Here you have national parks, historic sites, shining and quiet beachesall in one place. Sydney’s Great Coastal Walk runs all the way from Barrenjoey in the north to Royal National Park in the south and takes an unbelievable seven days to complete. However, if you’re not up to doing the full walk, there are many dif ferent parts of the walk that you can do right in the city itself. Walking from the city’s famous Bondi Beach to the sweeping curve(大半径曲线)of Brone Beach takes just an hour, which takes in some top sceneries.Great Ocean Walk, AustraliaThe Great Ocean Walk covers 104km along Victoria’s famous Great Ocean Road, located on the southern coast of Australia, from the holiday town Apollo Bay to the splendid Twelve Apostles. The Twelve Apostles are the area’s famous stone landmarks which stand out like the giants from the sea. The walk passes through a range of landscapes and sights, from national park, famous surfing spots and deserted beaches, to wild coastlines, waterfalls, lush(茂盛的)forests, historic lighthouses. Day walks and shorter three-hour walk such as The Wreck Beach Walk or the Lighthouse Cemetery and Lookout Walk can also be enjoyed.So next time when you’re looking for a beach holiday, don’t just think about the holiday towns and the sand, but consider a more active sun holiday. If you have interest in any of the above places, please contact us, and we can give you the best services.36.When you arrive at Amalfi Coast, _______________.A. the scenic beauty can fill you with charmB. the walking can be started from PositanoC. you must be fed up with the footpathD. narrow rocky paths may trap you37.What are the distinct characteristics of Sydney’s Great Coastal Walk?A. It takes more than a week to complete the walkB. It provides visitors with a variety of great landscapesC. It really has the longest coastline in the worldD. It starts from Royal National Park in the south38.From the Great Ocean Walk, Australia we can know that ______. A. most visitors have to finish the 104km walk quicklyB. the Twelve Apostles stand below the surface of the seaC. Apollo Bay is at the end of the Great Ocean WalkD. visitors have various walking choices there39.Where can we probably read the passage?A. A travel magazineB. A handbook to childrenC. An online advertisementD. A poster in a foreign travel agency40.The author intends to _______________.A. introduce the beautiful beaches in CanadaB. present the wonderful beaches in IndonesiaC. tell us the ideal tourist destination for healthD. ask us to join the tourist programBThe Governor’s School is described as a unique opportunity for high school students to involve themselves in math, science, and technology. When I signed up for computer programming, I expected to learn about coding (编程)). However, what I didn’t expec t was that I would also learn how to build strong friendships.Just before I went there, I didn’t know what to expect in the school, feeling quite at a loss. A sense of uncertainty about my future was flooding over me. On the first day, the students awkwardly moved around at the opening ceremonies. Although it was embarrassing to admit, I hadn’t been able to succeed in my friendship in the past because I was too focused on myself. This time, I got rid of the desire to share personal stories and instead was eager to ask others about themselves.After sunset on the second night, I heard three girls trying to recall theschedule for an upcoming museum trip. After effective communication, I knew they were Lucy, Megan and Avery. Lucy and Avery were in environmental science, and Megan was studying mathematics.We had a lot in common among us four, such as our love for movies, which strengthened our friendships. Meanwhile, we were able to introduce each other to new activities. Lucy introduced us to anime(日本动漫). Enthusiastically, Megan encouraged us to play tennis. Avery and I kept the other two motivated to work out at the gym. The fact that none of us was particularly skilled with equipment resulted in shared laughter almost every day.After four weeks, I left with the ability to successfully code an educational computer game. More importantly, I also left with knowledge about the code of friendship--- the fact that I could make more friends in a month by showing interest in them than I could in a year by trying to attract others’ interest in me.41.The author went to the Governor’s School to originally learn how to ___________.A. code computer programsB. make friends with othersC. develop her personal hobby and interestD. share her personal stories with others42.The author had failed in her friendship mainly because _____________.A. she was embarrassed to stay with her friendsB. she cared little about othersC. she longed to know about othersD. she focused her attention on coding43.What can welearn from thepassage? 44.According to the author, the success code of friendship is _____________.A. getting others to be interested inherB. adding more laughter to others’ lifeC. keeping others motivated by storiesD. becoming more interested in others45.What does the author tell us in the passage?A. Her interest in the Governor’sSchoolB. A close relation with threeschoolmatesC. Her experience in the Governor’sSchoolD. Big changes in her studyCIn some islands north of Scotland, if head lice (头虱)left their host, he became sick and feverish. Therefore, sick people had lice put in their hair intentionally. There was a method in their madness: As soon as the lice had settled in again, the patient improved. The story explains the confusion of cause and effect. If the lice leave the sick host, it is because he has a fever and they simply get hot feet, and when the fever breaks, they return. Such false causally (假因果关系)misleads us every day.Consider the headline: “ Fact: Women Who Use Shampoo XYZ Eve ry Day Have Stronger Hair.” It says very little--- least of all, that the shampoo makes your hair stronger. It might simply be the other way round: women with strong hair tend to use Shampoo XYZ--- and perhaps that’s because it says “especially for thick h air” on the bottle.Another example: Scientists found that long periods in the hospital did harm to patients. But, clearly, patients who are dismissed immediately are healthier than those who must stay on for treatment.A. Avery studied mathematics in the schoolB. The four girls had a wonderful time at schoolC. Megan studied environmental scienceD. The four girls had nothing in commonRecently I read that students get better grades at school if their homes contain many books. This study was surely a shot in the arm for booksellers, but it was also false causality. This simple truth is that educated parents tend to value their children’s education more than uneducated ones do, and they often have more books at home. In short, a dust-covered copy War and Peace alone isn’t going to influence anyone’s grades; what counts is parents’ education levels, as well as their genes.There was also the supposed relationship between the birth rate and the numbers of stork(鹤))pairs in Germany. Both were in decline, and if you plot (描绘)them on a graph(曲线图), the two lines of development from 1965 to 1987 appeared almost the same. Does this mean the storks actually bring babies? Obviously not. This was purely accidental connection.In conclusion: Connection is not causality. Take a closer look at linked events: Sometimes what is presented as the cause turns out to be the effect, or just the other way round, and sometimes there is no link at all--- just like with storks and babies.46.According to the first paragraph, people in some islands north of Scotland _______.A. found a way to get rid of head liceB. used an effective method to keep fitC. made head lice a part of their lifeD. died due to infections with head lice47.Which is an example of false causality?A. Women with strong hair tend to use a certain shampooB. The birth rate and the stork population are connectedC. Longer periods in the hospital benefit patientsD. Lice can make a person sick and feverish48.The underlined phrase “ a shot in the arm” in Paragraph 4 means _________.A. painB. defeatC. guidanceD. encouragement49.According to the author, students get better grades probably because ___________.A. their home are full of booksB. they have read War and PeaceC. their educated parents valueD. their parents are successful education booksellers50.We can draw the conclusion from the passage that ____________.A. connection are pure accidentsB. cause and effect are interdependentC. connections are mostly cause andeffectD. linked events may turn out to beunrelatedDI read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting. But whereare we doing all of this waiting, and what does it mean to an impatient societylike ours? To understand the issue, let’s take a look at three types of “waits”.The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubtthe most annoying of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink (洗碗池) as an example. There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it’s full. During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counterand onto your socks. This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait. This one requires abit of discipline. Properly preparing packaged noodle soup requires a Forced Wait. Directions are very specific. “Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer three minutes, remove from heat, let stand five minutes.” I havemy doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires patience.Perhaps the most powerful type of waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait. This typeof wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntary. Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.Turning one’s life into a waiting game requires faith and hope, and is strictly for the optimists among us. On the surface it seems as ridiculous as following the directions on soup mixes, but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves those who are willing to do it. As long as one doesn’t come to rely on it, wishingfor a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting. The next time you’re standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle sou p that you’ll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, don’t be desperate.You’re probably just as busy as the next guy.51. While doing a Watched-Pot Wait, we tend to ______.A. keep ourselves busyB. get absent-mindedC. grow anxiousD. stay focused52. What is the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched-Pot Wait?A. The Forced Wait requires some self-control.B. The Forced Wait makes people passive.C. The Watched-Pot Wait needs directions.D. The Watched-Pot Wait engages body and brain.53. What can we learn about the Lucky-Break Wait?A. It is less voluntary than the Forced Wait.B. It doesn’t always bring the desired result.C. It is more fruitful than the Forced Wait.D. It doesn’t give people faith and hope.54. What does the author advise us to do the next time we are waiting?A. Take it seriously.B. Don’t rely on others.C. Do something else.D. Don’t lose heart.55. The author supports his view by________.A. exploring various causes of “waits”B. describing detailed processes of “waits”C. analyzing different categories of “waits”D. revealing frustrating consequences of “waits” 四、阅读表达:In the years of my growing up, Dad was strict with me. He made sure I made my bed and did my homework. He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party. I got so angry with him for laying down the law. I would scream, “I hate you!” Dad would yell back, “Good! I don’t care!” Deep down I knew he did.One time at a party, I drank too much alcohol and got so sick. I said, “Call my dad.”Next thing, Dad was carrying me to the car. I woke up the next morning, thinking I would definitely be criticised. As expected, I got a roasting, but I now understand why I needed discipline.Dad was 29 when he got his big roles in films. I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series, but it wasn’t until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress. Like those early days for Dad, I faced lots of rejections. Working in such a c ompetitive industry, I’ve sometimes thought, “I can’t do this anymore.”Once, after a trip to Hollywood, I returned to Australia so depressed and spent months in my bedroom painting, listening to Eckhart Tolle’s music and trying to find myself again. D ad sat me down and said, “Alice, I know it’s hard, but it’s all about persistence (坚持不懈).”Now I get to work with Dad a lot, which I love. We are both passionate about acting, which comes from us being so interested in people. If it weren’t for Dad, I wouldn’t be where I am today. He’s my biggest fan, and when you have that in your life you can go a long way.56. What rules did Alice’s father set for her when she was growing up? (no more than 15 words)___________________________________________________________________________57. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean? (no more than 5 words)__________________________________________________________________________58. What did Alice’s father do when she felt depressed? (no more than 5 words)___________________________________________________________________________59. According to the last paragraph, what do Alice and her father have in common?(no more than 10 words)___________________________________________________________________________60. What do you think of Alice’s father? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)___________________________________________________________________________五、书面表达:25分假设你是晨光中学的李津,英国友好校将派教师来你校参加为期一周的暑期交流活动。
河西区2019—2020学年度第一学期九年级期末质量调查物理试卷本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)、第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
试卷满分l00分。
考试时间60分钟。
答卷前,请务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考点校、考场号、座位号填写在“答题卡”规定的位置上。
答题时,务必将答案填写在“答题卡”上,答案答在试卷上无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和“答题卡”一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷选择题注意事项:1.每题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把“答题卡”上对应题目的答案标号的信息点涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号的信息点。
2.本卷共两大题,共39分。
一、单项选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分)下列每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项最符合题意。
1.如下图所示,家用空调正常工作时的电功率最接近A.1W B.10W C.100W D.1000W2.下图所示实例中,通过做功的方式改变物体内能的是用炉灶烧水两手互相摩擦发烧时用冷毛寒冷冬天用水温度升高手的温度升高巾给头部降温暖水袋取暖A B C D3.四冲程汽油机在工作过程中,将内能转化为机械能的冲程是A.吸气冲程B.压缩冲程C.做功冲程D.排气冲程4.下图是一种水位自动报警器的原理图,当水位到达金属块A时(一般的水能导电),电路中A .仅绿灯亮B .仅红灯亮C .红灯和绿灯都亮D .红灯和绿灯都不亮5.要使一根镍铬合金线接入电路的电阻变大,可采用的方法是 A .减小导线中的电流B .增大导线两端的电压C .将导线对折后接入电路D .将导线拉长后接入电路6.如左图所示的实验装置,当开关闭合时,能观察到导体棒ab 沿金属导轨运动。
右图中利用这一现象所揭示的原理制成的设备是A B C D左图 右图7.小红在做“探究串联电路电压的规律”实验时,电路如下图所示,闭合开关,发现灯1L 只能微弱发光,灯2L 正常发光,下列对于这一现象产生的原因分析合理的是A .灯1L 的电阻大于灯2L 的电阻B .灯1L 两端的电压等于灯2L 两端的电压C .通过灯1L 的电流小于通过灯2L 的电流D .灯1L 的实际功率小于灯2L 2L 的实际功率 8.下图中有关家庭电路的连接完全正确的是A B C D9.如左图是一款单轮平衡车,它是依靠电力驱动及人体平衡能力控制的代步工具。
该平衡车电路部分安装有两个开关——电源开关1S 和压力开关2S ;当手动闭合开关1S 时,指示灯亮起;此时骑行者再站立于平衡车踏板上,开关2S 自动闭合,电动机正常启动,平衡车运动。
开关1S 未闭合,即使骑行者站立于路板上,电动机也无法启动。
右图中的电路设计符合上述要求的是左图 右图10.如下图所示,电源电压保持不变,12R R <.单刀双挪开关S 先与触点1接通,电流表、电压表的示数分别为1I 、1U ,再与触点⊇接通,电流表、电压表的示数分别为2I 、2U ,通过定值电阻R 的电流变化量为I ∆.其两端电压变化量为U ∆.功率变化量为P ∆,则下列判断正确的是A .12I I <B .12U U <C .UR I∆=∆ D .P U I ∆=∆∆二、多项选择题(本大题共3小题,每小题3分,共9分)每小题给出的四个选项中,符合题意的选项均多于一个,全部选对的得3分,选对但不全的得1分,不选或选错的得零分。
11.下列不属于扩散现象的是A .春天,漫天飘扬的柳絮B .夏天,闻到青草的芳香C .秋天,萧萧落下的树叶D .冬天,漫天飞舞的雪花12.如下图所示,闭合开关S ,灯L 不亮,电压表有示数,若电路故障在灯L 或电阻R 上某一处,对于故障的分析,下列判断正确的是A .灯泡L 可能断路B .电阻R 可能断路C .灯泡L 可能短路D .在电路中再串联一块电流表,根据电流表有无示数可以判断出故障原因13.如下图所示,电源电压保持不变,小灯泡的额定电压为0U .闭合开关1S ,断开开关2S ,滑动变阻器2R 的滑片P 从a 端移动到b 端的过程中,电压表示数变化范围是:1212~U U U U <(),电流表的示数变化范围是:1212~()I I I I <;闭合开关2S ,断开开关1S ,当滑动变阻器2R 的滑片P 在中点时,小灯泡正常发光。
下列判断正确的是(灯泡电阻不随温度变化)A .电源电压为2UB .1R 阻值的表达式可以为12U I C .滑动变阻器2R 最大阻值的表达式可以为211U U I - D .小灯泡额定功率的表达式可以为102021()2I U U U U U --图12第Ⅱ卷 非选择题注意事项:1.用黑色字迹的签字笔将答案写在“答题卡”上(作图可用2B 铅笔)。
2.本卷共两大题,共61分。
三、填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分)14.下图是我国早期的指南针——司南。
东汉学者王充在《论衡》中记载:“司南之杓,投之于地,其柢(握柄)指南”。
司南静止时能指南北,说明地球周围存在___________,司南的握柄应为该磁体的__________极(选填“N ”或“S ”)。
15.入冬以来,各地因为不安全用电引起的火灾事故明显有上升趋势。
在家庭电路中除了发生__和过载(用电器总功率过大)会造成电流过大引发安全事故外,线路连接处因为接触不良,也容易造成该处电阻(选填“变大”或“变小”),造成局部过热,从而加速导线老化,引起火灾。
16.小磁针静止时的指向如下图所示,由此可知,a 端是通电螺线管的__________极(选填“N ”或“S ”),c 端是电源的__________极(选填“正”或“负”)。
17.如下图所示,两个相同的验电器A 和B ,A 带正电,B 不带电,用一根带有绝缘柄的金属棒把A 、B 连接起来,瞬间电流方向为__________(选填“A 到B ”或“B 到A ”),验电器A 金属箔张开的角度将__________(选填“增大”或“减小”)。
18.某课外小组自制了一把电烙铁,它的额定电压为220V ,正常工作时的电流为0.2A ,该电烙铁的额定功率为__________W ;若仅将该电烙铁接在110V 的电路中,实际电功率为__________W .(不计温度对电阻的影响)19.将1R 、2R 两电阻串联后接在某一电源上,电路消耗的总功率为P ,已知122R R =,则此时1R 、2R 消耗的功率之比为__________,再将它们并联后接在同一电源上,此时电路消耗的总功率为P ';则:P P '=__________。
四、综合题(本大题共6小题,共37分)解题中要求有必要的分析和说明,计算题要有公式和数据代入过程,结果要有数值和单位。
20.(6分)小华家额定功率为2000W 的电热淋浴器,水箱装满30kg 水后连续正常加热2100s 。
水的温度由20℃升高到50℃。
已知()34.210J /kg c ⋅=⨯水℃,求: (1)加热过程中水吸收的热量; (2)此过程电热淋浴器的热效率。
21.(6分)物理小组探究“电流通过导体时产生的热量与什么因素有关”的实验,如下图所示,透明容器中密封着等量的空气,橡胶管将密闭容器和装有红色液体的U 形玻璃管相连,A 、B 、C 、D 容器内电阻丝的电阻110R =Ω,2345R R R ===Ω;另有一个阻值为5Ω的电阻丝在容器外部,与4R 电阻丝并联。
请你回答下列问题。
(1)在该实验中,我们是通过观察U 型管中液面的____________来比较各容器中电阻丝产生热量的多少。
在研究许多物理问题时都会用到这种方法,下列研究实例中采用的研究方法与此相同的是____________。
(填写字母) A .探究电流与电压、电阻的关系 B .用铁屑显示磁体周围磁场分布C .用总电阻表示同一段电路中串联的两个电阻(2)图16中,通过两电阻丝的电流____________,该实验是探究电流通过导体产生的热量与导体____________的关系。
(3)图17中,C 、D 透明容器中产生热量较多的是____________容器(4)图16中,再连入一块电流表,电流表示数如图18所示,那么通过1R 、2R 的电流在10s 内产生的总热量为____________J .22.(7分)同学们在探究“影响电磁铁磁性强弱的因素”的实验时,做了如下猜想:猜想一:电磁铁磁性强弱与电磁铁线圈的匝数多少有关;猜想二:电磁铁磁性强弱与通过电磁铁的电流大小有关;为了验证上述猜想是否正确,同学们设计了以下实验方案:用漆包线(表面涂有绝缘漆的导线)在大小不同的铁钉上绕制若干圈,制成简单的电磁铁;并利用电池组、滑动变阻器、开关、一堆大头针以及长导线为实验器材进行实验。
请你回答下列问题:(1)如图所示,小明同学使用两个相同的大铁钉绕成匝数不同的电磁铁A和B,由图中的情境可知,电磁铁___________(选填“A”或“B”)的磁性强,并由此得出的实验结论是:________________________________________________________;(2)为了验证猜想二,实验时应控制电磁铁___________相同,改变____________。
(3)上面的实验结束后,又有同学提出“电磁铁磁性强弱可能与线圈内的铁芯大小有关”的猜想。
请你设计出探究这一猜想的记录数据表格。
23.(6分)天气状况对安全行车的影响极大。
如左图是一款高智能汽车的后视镜,其电路原理图如右图所示:该后视镜有三个挡位工作,分别能够防雾、除雨露、除冰霜,三种功能依次需要后视镜提供更多的热量,车主只需通过转动旋钮开关就可让其工作。
已知车载电源电压为100V,电热丝1100R=Ω,电热丝2200R=Ω,电热丝3300R=Ω,求:(1)当开启防雾功能时,连入电路中的总电阻;(2)当开启除雨露功能时,流过旋钮开关的电流;(3)当开启除冰霜功能时,该电路的总功率。
24.6分)物理课上,老师拿来一个额定电压为2.5V 的小灯泡(额定功率约为1W ),让同学们较精确测出它的额定功率。
除了小灯泡,老师提供的实验器材有:一个电源(电压约为3V ),一块电流表(量程:0~0.6A ,分度值:0.02A ),2个阻值已知的定值电阻12R =Ω、25R =Ω,一个滑动变阻器,开关、导线若干。
请你合理选用器材帮助同学们设计一个实验方案,较精确测出小灯泡的额定功率。
要求: (1)在虚线框内画出你所设计的电路图并在图上标出定值电阻的名称; (2)写出主要实验步骤及要测量的物理量,(3)写出小灯泡额定功率的数学表达式(用已知量和测得量表示)。
25.(6分)电阻式传感器被广泛应用于测力、测压、称重,它的核心部分是一只可变电阻。
开心同学用如左图所示的电路研究某电阻式传盛器的特性,电源电压恒定,1R 为定值电阻,当电阻式传感器2R 的阻值从0变为最大阻值时,测得传感器消耗的电功率与通过它电流的关系图象如右图所示。