高考英语真题特色题型详细解析―阅读七选五六选五

一、了解题型特点高考英语新高考 II 卷阅读理解七选五题型，是一种新型的题型，要求考生在文章中选择出与题目内容相关的七个句子，并将其放置在文章中适当的位置。

这一题型不仅考察了考生的阅读理解能力，还要求考生具备整合和归纳信息的能力。

二、题目解读本题型文章多为议论文或评论文，其中包含了论点、论据和结论，考生在做题时需要根据文章内容和语境，理解作者的意图，准确地找到与文章内容相关的七个句子。

三、解题技巧1. 理清文章结构，抓住主题在做题之前，考生首先要通读全文，理清文章的逻辑结构，抓住文章的主题和中心思想。

通过对全文的整体把握，可以有助于考生在选择句子时更为准确。

2. 注意句子之间的逻辑关系在选择句子的过程中，考生需要注意句子之间的逻辑关系，以确保选出的句子能够与文章内容相互衔接，保持文章的逻辑连贯性。

3. 关注词汇和语境在做题过程中，考生需要关注文章中的关键词汇和语境，这有助于帮助考生理解句子的含义，准确地选出与文章内容相关的句子。

4. 考虑文章整体表达在放置句子的位置时，考生需要考虑整篇文章的表达逻辑，选择一个合适的位置使句子能够很好地融入文章，同时保持文章的整体连贯性。

四、练习建议1. 多读范文，培养整体把握文章的能力考生可以通过多读一些范文，培养对文章整体结构的把握能力，从而更好地理解文章的主题和中心思想。

2. 多做题，提高解题技巧考生可以多做一些历年真题和模拟题，通过不断的练习，提高自己的解题技巧和速度，增强对文章的理解能力。

3. 注意阅读速度和准确性的平衡在做题过程中，考生需要注意阅读速度和准确性的平衡，既要确保在规定的时间内完成题目，又要保证所选句子的准确性和相关性。

五、思维拓展在做题过程中，考生可以通过对文章内容的理解，思考作者的立场和观点，以及对相关问题的看法，从而达到对文章更深层次的理解。

六、结语通过对高考英语新高考 II 卷阅读理解七选五题型的深度解析，希望考生能够掌握相关的解题技巧，通过不断地练习和思考，提高自己的阅读理解能力，取得更好的成绩。

高考英语阅读七选五(附答案)一、考点精要【授之以渔】近年来，高考的阅读明白增加了七选五题型，试题模式为：给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们依照文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。

该题型要紧考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的明白和掌握。

其命题体现了《新课标》“用英语猎取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步猎取用英语思维的能力。

”的阅读学习和教学理念。

《考试讲明》对该题型命题目的的表述“要紧考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的明白和掌握。

”新题型七选五事实上跟传统题型完形填空有相似之处，完形填空空出的是词，而七选五空出的是句子，然而他们的考察方式基本上一样的，只要考生挑选的答案可以使行文连贯，符合英文的语法以及适应表达就行，所以，这两类题型在做题办法上有共通之处。

二、解题技巧【名师坐堂】从该题型给出的选项中我们能够发觉一些特点：该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。

另外两个多余的干扰项也能够经过这三个特点来排除，例如主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子别能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。

依照这些，我们总结一些对于七选五的做题办法供大伙儿参考。

1.先看选项。

跟完形填空别一样，七选五的答案选项较少，同时给出的基本上句子，所以，我们能够经过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来推断该句在文章中的位置。

另外，经过阅读选项，有也许找出跟其他选项表达彻底别接受思的句子，如此的话我们就能够直截了当将该选项排除。

2.通读全文对文章举行快速扫瞄，寻觅主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。

在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段降，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句普通是全文的主题所在，讲明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式举行呈现。

一、(2013课标卷I)Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit（利润）—that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. 71 Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. 72Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business.73 One is the establishment（制定） of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. 74 The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Directionis concerned primarily with supervision（监管）and guidance by the management in authority. 75A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and may hospitals.D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.二、(2013课标卷II)Public Speaking Training·Get a coach51 , so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you.·Focus on positivesAny training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well. 52 , so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do.53 If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts, walk away Your brainis so full of what you're going to be talking about. 54 . As far as we're concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. Your audience can be your friends.You are a special person not a clone.Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. 55 . Your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone you're not.A. You aren't like anybody elseB. You already do lots of things wellC. Turn your back on too many rulesD. Check the rules about dos and don'tsE. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is toughF .The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleepG. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse三、(2013北京卷)UrbanizationUntil relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago. 71_ . In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村(de)) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the firsturban society in history--- a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning. 72_ .The process of urbanization--- the migration (迁移) of people from the countrysideto the city--- was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live. In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 73 .Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies. It took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities. _74 . Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.75_ . Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.A. That kept cities very small.B. The rest live in small towns.C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered.D. Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.四、(2013辽宁卷)ForgivenessTo forgive is a virtue, but no one has ever said it is easy. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. However, forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. People who forgive show less sadness, anger and stress and more hopefulness, according to a recent research.________71_______ Try the following steps:Calm yourself. ________72_______ You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.Don’t wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize. They may have wanted to hurt you orthey just don’t see t hings the same way. ________73_______ Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者). Rethinking about you hurt gives power to the person who causes you pain. Instead of focusing on your mounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you.________74_______ If you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness, fear, and even love. You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender’s point of view.Don’t forget to forgive yourself. ________75_______ But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it.A. Why should you forgiveB. How should you start to forgiveC. Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.D. Try to see things from you offender’s angle.E. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.F. To make your anger die away, try a simple stress-management technique.G..If you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting anawfully long time.答案一本文是一篇讨论商务和商务管理(de)说明文.虽然看似有很多专业术语,但是根据我们常说(de)“指路词”,以及对上下文(de)推理,其实要做出正确答案并不难,可谓是难度中等.文章第一段描述了business(de)两个含义：一是提供顾客所要商品和服务(de)方法；二是提供这些商品和服务(de)组织.文展第二段则细述了商务管理是用来描述计划、指导以及控制公司运作技巧(de)术语,并在下文中对这三方面进行了一一阐述.71.答案 D解析推理判断题.本题(de)后一句出现了一个新名词nonprofits（非盈利）,而前文(de)内容是在说大多数企业都在寻求利润,那这里语义(de)突然变化就提示了我们空格处所填内容应该与seek to make a profit（寻求利益）语义相反,而与nonprofit相同,因为只有这样才能自然(de)引出下文.纵观选项,只有答案D出现了however,表示语义(de)转折,所以正确答案为D.72.答案C解析推理判断题.根据文意,前文提到(de)these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers中(de)these organizations实指non profits organizations,所以此处72题(de)内容应该是对nongovernmental service providers（非政府服务提供商）(de)进一步解释.纵观选项,只有答案C是在举例子,而且也出现了关键词nonprofit,所以正确答案为C.73.答案G解析推理判断题.这道题(de)解题方法就是我们说(de)充分利用“指路词”.下文中出现了One is...,The third relates...,可见本空是个总起句,概括了什么东西包含有三个方面.纵观选项,只有答案G出现了three,且主语planning正好复现了第二段首句出现(de)techniques of planning,所以正确答案为G.74.答案E解析推理判断题.还是依靠“指路词”,文中出现过了第一和第三,所以本空肯定描述(de)是第二方面.纵观选项,只有答案E出现了the second,所以答案为E.75.答案A解析推理判断题.观察第二段可知,商务管理中涉及(de)techniques of planning, direction均已经提到,只差最后一个control（控制）还未提及,所以本空一定和control有关.纵观选项,只有答案A出现了关键词control,所以答案为A.二该类题型考查段落衔接和整段理解.本篇为说明文.文章讲述了进行公共演讲(de)训练要点.纵览全文,F选项与文意无关,可以先行去除,将难度降低为从六个选项中选择五个.51.答案E. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough解析根据下一句ready to offer you public speaking training and courses 可知,开头说(de)是与public speaking 有关(de)问题,故选E.52.答案B. You already do lots of things well解析本题位于段中,通过上下文得出选项.后一句so good public speaking training should develop those与空格形成因果关系,所以空格中应表达“你已经做得很好了”(de)含义,所以B选项是正确答案.53.答案C. Turn your back on too many rules解析本题位于段首,为整段(de)主旨大意.本段第一句中提到lots of dos and don’ts, walk away可知,如果有(de)培训讲太多(de)条条框框(de)话,要对条条框框说不,所以C选项是正确答案.54.答案G. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will justmake things worse解析从前句Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about, 可知后一空与前一空形成因果关系,脑子里装满了条条框框只会使情况变得更糟.55.答案A. You aren’t like anybody else解析小标题为·You are a special person not a clone以及treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits可以得出答案You aren't like anybody else（与众不同）.三71.答案E解析此题有两个暗示点.第一个是时间,上句话提到了5500年前有(de)城市,之后紧接着说200年之后是个简单(de)顺成(de)关系.第二个是but(de)轻微语义转折,but之后是(de)两句话都是在讲当时人(de)居住情况,故E为最佳选项.72答案D解析此题有一个明确暗示点,为D选项当中(de)other和上句(de)Only the beginning. Other 是明显承上启下(de)功能,后面(de)the process of证明了这一点,故选D73.答案B解析此题有一个明确(de)暗示点.The rest 和之前(de)3个数据是明显(de)并列关系,故答案选B.74.答案A解析此题A选项中有一个明确暗示点,That指代之前所说,故选A.75.答案F解析此题有一个明确暗示点,modernization 是前后文当中past two centuries 和后面today (de)明确对应,故选F.四本篇为说明文.文章对宽恕及其如何宽恕别人以及宽恕别人(de)益处给予了说明.宽恕是美德,但是没有人说很容易做到宽恕别人.当你被深深伤害(de)时候,想要不怀恨在心是很难做到(de).但是宽恕是可能(de)——而且这会给你(de)身心健康带来出乎意料(de)益处.71.答案B解析根据下文“尝试下列步骤：你首先要冷静下来, ______72_______摒住呼吸并且想一些能够让你快乐(de)事情：大自然(de)美丽景色、或者你喜爱(de)人等等,都可以”说明：怎样做才会开始原谅（别人）72.答案F解析根据下文“摒住呼吸并且想一些能够让你快乐(de)事情”应该选F(尝试一种简单(de)减压技巧来缓解你愤怒(de)情绪.)73.答案G解析根据上文“不要等别人来道歉.许多时候,伤害你(de)人没有想过要道歉.他们可能是故意(de),也可能只是和你看待事物(de)方式不一样.”选G(如果你等着别人来道歉,你可能会等令人嫌恶(de)相当长(de)时间.你要牢记,宽恕并不一定意味着与使你心烦意乱(de)人再次成为朋友.74.答案D解析根据下文“如果你站在别人(de)立场上,你也许会意识到他或她是因为无知、害怕、甚至是爱才那样做(de).你可以从冒犯你(de)人(de)立场给你自己写一封信.”选D(试着从别人(de)角度来看问题).75.答案E解析根据上下文“不要忘了宽恕自己”和“但是如果你不宽恕自己,你就会失去自信.”选E(对于有些人来说,宽恕自己才是最大(de)挑战).。

2013高考英语真题特色题型详解―阅读七选五(六选五)一、(2013课标卷I)第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit（利润）— that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. 71 Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. 72 Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. 73 One is the establishment（制定） of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. 74 The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision （监管）and guidance by the management in authority. 75A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and may hospitals.D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.本文是一篇讨论商务和商务管理的说明文。

第四章语篇填句语句、衔接、同复现第一节题型说明与思维图表一、题型说明全国卷I样题说明没给相关题型命名，叫第一节，第二节。

行内通称阅读第二节叫“七选五”，我们把它定位为“语篇填句”，因为虽然它答题形式上是填涂一个字母，实质上要考虑很多语句、衔接和词汇同复现相关的问题。

所以我们编印的“语篇填句”题要把填空位置拉得很长，便于做题时写入一些关键词以结合上下文有具体的思考依据。

二、真题举例：2016语篇填句(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

1.Secret codes(密码)keep messages private.Banks,companies,and government agencies use secret codes in doing business,especially when information is sent by computer.2.People have used secret codes for thousands of years.【36D.to break them(并列)never lags(落后)far behind code making】.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.(解释)For example,“Meet me.”】For example,a number forthe message of a realcode,you must【39F.With a code book(递进)For example,“bridge”might stand for“meet”and“out”might stand for“me.”The message“bridge out”would actually mean“Meet me.”40A.without the code book(总结)】6.However,it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B.In any language,some letters are used more than others.C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D.As long as there have been codes,people have tried to break them.E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F.With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet三、思维图表：文体、大意：事理说明文，密码保护信息安全说一件事：1.很多公共机构用密码保护信息安全举几个例：2.创设密码和解读密码的科学叫cryp`tography（密码术）。

专题05 阅读理解七选五距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

题型简介七选五作为高考英语全国卷中的一道必考和重点题型，考查以说明文为主，内容、主题多是社会生活和文化科技；题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。

主要考查考生的逻辑能力,包括整篇语言逻辑和句与句之间上下文逻辑关系的判断;备选答案中含有两个干扰选项,这两个干扰选项在表面上看往往与正确答案有一定的相关性,这给考生解题带来很大的困难；文章篇幅较长，解题时间有限，一旦出错，往往一错错一串，是特别容易丢分的题型。

与完形填空相比,补全短文空缺的是5个句子，无法从句子层面寻找线索，所以分析语篇结构和理清空格与上下文之间的逻辑关系显得异常重要。

可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试，因此在要求上远远高于这两种题型。

考生有必要对这类题型的答题思路多练习，以提高自己在这个部分的应试能力。

高三英语(课标全国卷)阅读理解七选五1. 掌握阅读理解七选五高考考向。

2. 掌握阅读理解七选五答题技巧。

3. 掌握阅读理解七选五位置规律和空格前后逻辑关系。

一、阅读理解七选五思维导图二、七选五六大方略高中英语阅读七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。

可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试。

从近五年七选五全国卷来看，说明文为主，几乎每年必考，应引起足够重视。

方略一 | 略读文章抓大意以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的大小标题、首段、每段的首句，以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语(特别是however, but等后的内容)等重要部分，以了解文章的基本结构和内容大意。

事实上，一般只需花5～10秒阅读大小标题和第一段首尾句即可。

方略二 | 重点阅读上下句因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺，解题时大多只看上句，或只看下句，就可基本确定答案。

事实上，如果没有时间来得及通读或细读，或者基础不够扎实即使读也读不懂，建议通过以下技巧，也基本上可以得满分。

方略三 | 看看结构变轻松在解题过程中，除了每做一道有把握的题后就在7个选项中将其画掉缩小范围外，通过观察语言结构也可将选择范围大大缩小，心情变得更加轻松，一般可将7个选项缩小到2～4个选项，碰对的机率大大提高。

方略四 | 词语复现显神功作者或说话人在谈论某个话题或主题时，与主题相关的词语必定会以原词、同义词或近义词等形式在上下文中重复出现，这种现象叫词语复现。

同一个词的重复出现叫原词复现;以同义词的形式重复出现，叫同义复现;以近义词或近义表达(意思相近，表达方式不同)的形式重复出现，叫近义复现;以词义相同而词性不同的形式重复出现，叫同根复现。

还有上义词与下义词的复现(adult是teacher, parent的上义词，而teacher, parent就是adult的下义词)。

高考英语七选五专题通读全文，了解文章大意。

通读答案，找出和文章相对应的关键词。

根据文章整体结构、具体内容，结合关键词，将选项填入文中。

将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。

研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。

★★★出题位置(a)句子(段首，段中，段尾，缺1句或1个以上的句子)(b)段落(一般是一段)1. 如果问题设在段首（1）通常是段落的主题句认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句（2）与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等。

着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。

（3）段落间的过渡句。

这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。

2. 如果问题设在段尾（1）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。

（2）通常是结论，概括性语句注意在选项中查找表示结果结论，总结等的信号词。

Therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。

（3）与前文是转折或对比关系此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立，对比关系。

（4）与前文是并列或排比关系在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。

（5）所选答案是引出下一段的内容如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。