英文呼啸山庄故事梗概

Oliver Twist 《雾独孤儿》—Charles Dickens 查理斯·狄更斯The novel tells the miserable story of an orphan boy in London called Oliver Twist. Oliver Twist is born in a workhouse with unknown parentage and brought up under the tyrannous parish beadle Bumble. After serving an unhappy apprenticeship to an undertaker, he run away to London, where he falls into the hands of a gang of thieves who make every effort to convert Oliver into a thief. Then Oliver is rescued by the benevolent, rich Mr. Brownlow, but the thieves kidnap him again with the help of Monks, the half brother of Oliver. Then Oliver is made to participate in a burgling expedition, in the course of which he was shot wounded, and comes into the hands of Mrs. Maylie and her protégée Rose, by whom he is kindly treated. In order to seek all of the inheritance, Monks schemes to defame Oliver’s reputation by making him a thief. However, Nancy discovers his plot and reveals the truth to Rose. But Fagin, the head of the gang, discovered the action of Nancy and murders her after which the rest of the gang are arrested and Fagin executed. At last, Monks is compelled to disclose the truth and Oliver is adopted by Mr Brownlow.1.Wuthering Heights 《呼啸山庄》—Emily Bronte 艾米丽·勃朗台The novel tells a story of Heathcliff, a gipsy waif of unknown parentage, picked up by Mr. Earnshaw in the streets and brought up with his children in his house called Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff is treated well by Earnshaw, but when the old man dies, the young master Hindley bullies and insults him and makes him a slave. Heathcliff falls passionately in love with Catharine, Hindley’s sister, who loves him but thinks it would degrade her to marry him. Heathcliff, finding it impossible for him to marry Catharine, leaves Wuthering Heights. Three years later, he returns as a rich man. Although Catharine has been married Edgar Linton, he resumes his love-making to her, which brings her to death at the birth of her daughter Cathy. Then he starts his crazy revenge. He first marries his sister Isabella and treats her cruelly to revenge on Edgar Linton. In revenge for Hindley’s cruel treatment, he treats Hindley’s son Hareton brutally. He then forces Catharine’s daughter Cathy to marry his sickly son in order to seize the estate of the Lintons, which fails because of the death of his son. As an old man and haunted by the memory of Catharine, he finally realises the pointlessness of his revenge. At last he dies, and the two young lovers, Cathy and Hareton are united happily.2.Tess 《德伯家的苔丝》--Thomas Hardy 托马斯·哈代The novel tells the tragical life story of a beautiful country girl Tess Duebeyfield. Tess is the daughter of a poor villager. In her youth she is seduced by Alec D’Urbervilles, the son of a rich merchant who has bought his title into the class of gentry. Tess gives birth to an illegitimate child, thus scandalizing the narrow-minded people around her. So she leaves home and works at a distant farm as a dairymaid. There she meets Ange l Clare, a clergyman’s son, who falls in love with her. On their wedding night, Tess confesses to Angel the affair of Alec. Angel, himself a sinner who has had some affair with a bad woman, casts her off and leaves for Brazil. After that her father dies and her family are threatened with starvation, so Tess is driven to accept Alec’s protection and lives with him. Clare, returning from Brazil and repentant of his harshness to Tess, finds her in such a situation. Maddened by this second wrong that has been done her by Alec, she murders him in a fit of despair. After hiding with Clare in a forest for a short time, Tess falls into the claws of law. She is arrested, tried and hanged.3.Jane Eyre 《简爱》—Charlotte Bronte 夏洛特·勃朗台The novel tells the story of an orphan girl. Jane Eyre, the daughter of a poor parson, loses her parents shortly after birth. She lives at the household of her aunt, treated rudely by her aunt Mrs. Reed and her children. One day, unable to bear the ill-treatment any longer, Jane tells straight to her aunt what she thinks of her, which makes Mrs. Reed furious to send her to a charity school in Lowood. Maltreated by the authorities, Jane stays there for 8 long years. Then Jane gets a position of governess in the family of Mr. Rochester, a rich squire. Rochester falls in love with Jane, and she with him. Theyare about to be married when Jane breaks the engagement on the wedding day and flees away, learning that Mr. Rochester has a mad wife secretly locked in the house. After going through a lot of hardships on the moors, she is taken in and cared for by Rev. Rivers, who helps her get a job as teacher in a village school. Meanwhile, Mr. Rochester loses his sight during a fire set by his mad wife. Hearing that Mr. Rochester is penniless and disabled, Jane hurries to him and becomes his wife.The House of 1000 Mirrors千镜之屋Long ago in a small, faraway village, there was a place known as the House of 1000 Mirrors.A small, happy little dog learned of this place and decided to visit. When he arrived, he hounced happily up the stairs to the doorway of the house. He looked through the doorway with his ears lifted high and his tail wagging as fast as it could. To his great surprise, he found himself staring at 1000 other happy little dogs with their tails wagging just as fast as his. He smiled a great smile, and was answered with 1000 great smiles just as warm and firendly. As he left the House, he thought to himself, "This is a wonderful place. I will come back and visit it often."In this same village, another little dog, who was not quite as happy as the first one, decided to visit the house. He slowly climbed the stairs and hung his head low as he looked into the door. When he saw the 1000 unfriendly looking dogs staring back at him, he growled at them and was horrified to see 1000 little dogs growling back at him. As he left, he thought to himself, "That is a horrible place, and I will never go back there again."All the faces in the world are mirrors. What kind of reflections do you see in the faces of the people you meet?That man knows the future（知道未来的人）Nasreddin was cutting a branch of a tree in his garden. While he was sawing, another man passed in the street. He stopped and said, "Excuse me, but if you continue to saw that branch like that, you will fall down with it." He said this because Nasreddin was sitting on the branch and cutting it at a place between himself and the trunk of the tree.Nasreddin said nothing. He thought, "This is some foolish person who has no work to do and goes about telling other people what to do and what not to do."The man continued on his way.Of course, after a few minutes, the branch fell and Nasreddin fell with it."My God!" he cried. "That man knows the future!" and he ran after him to ask how long he was going to live. But the man had gone.One sunny day a rabbit came out of her hole in the ground to enjoy the fine weather. The day was so nice that she became careless and a fox snuck up behind her and caught her."I am going to eat you for lunch!" said the fox."Wait!" replied the rabbit."Oh yeah? Why should I wait?""Well, I am just finishing my thesis on 'The Superiority of Rabbits over Foxes and Wolves.'" "Are you crazy? I should eat you right now! Everybody knows that a fox will always win over a rabbit.""Not according to my research. If you like, you can come into my hole and read it for yourself.""You really are crazy!" But since the fox was curious, he went with the rabbit. The fox never came out.A few days later the rabbit was again taking a break from writing and sure enough, a wolf came out of the bushes and was ready to set upon her."Wait!" yelled the rabbit, "you can't eat me right now.""And why might that be?""I am almost finished writing my thesis on 'The Superiority of Rabbits over Foxes and Wolves.'" The wolf laughed: "Maybe I shouldn't eat you; you really are sick ... in the head.""Come and read it for yourself; you can eat me afterward if you disagree with my conclusions." So the wolf went down into the rabbit's hole and never came out.The rabbit finished her thesis and was out celebrating in the local lettuce patch. Another rabbit came along and asked, "What's up? You seem very happy.""Yup, I just finished my thesis.""Congratulations. What's it about?""'The Superiority of Rabbits over Foxes and Wolves.'""Are you sure? That doesn't sound right.""Oh yes. Come and read it for yourself."So together they went down into the rabbit's hole. As they entered, the friend saw the typical graduate abode, albeit a rather messy one after writing a thesis. And to the right there was a pile of fox bones, on the left a pile of wolf bones. And in the middle was a large, well-fed lion, who was the rabbit's advisor.The moral of the story is: the title of your thesis doesn't matter; all that matters is who your advisor is.改编版中文译著：在一个充满阳光的午后，一只兔子从她的洞里出来享受大好天气。

《呼啸山庄》故事梗概第1篇：《呼啸山庄》故事梗概《呼啸山庄》是英国女作家勃朗特姐妹之一艾米莉·勃朗特的作品，是19世纪英国文学的代表作之一。

下面，小编为大家分享《呼啸山庄》故事梗概，希望对大家有所帮助！创作背景艾米丽生*寂寞，自小内向的她，缄默又总带着几分以男*自居的感觉，诚如夏洛蒂所说的：“她的*格是独一无二的。

”少女时代，当她和姐妹们在家里“编造”故事、写诗的时候，她就显得很特别，后来收录在她们诗歌合集中艾米丽的作品总是如同波德莱尔或爱伦·坡那样被“恶”这一主题所困惑，在纯净的抒情风格之间总笼罩着一层死亡的*影。

在她写作《呼啸山庄》时，这种困惑与不安的情绪变得更加急躁，她迫切需要创造一个虚构的世界来演绎它，把自己心底几近撕裂的痛苦借小说人物之口淋漓尽致地发泄出来。

因此《呼啸山庄》是饱含作者心血与情感的作品。

故事梗概英格兰北部，有一座几乎与世隔绝的“呼啸山庄”。

主人欧肖收养了一个弃儿，取名希斯克利夫，让他与自己的儿女*德雷和凯瑟琳一起生活。

希斯克利夫与凯瑟琳朝夕相处并萌发了爱情，但*德雷十分憎恶他。

老欧肖死后，*德雷不仅禁止希斯克利夫与凯瑟琳接触，还对他百般虐待和侮辱，这加剧了希斯克利夫对*德雷的怨恨，也加深了他对凯瑟琳的爱。

一天，希斯克利夫与凯瑟琳秘密外出，认识了邻近的画眉田庄的小主人埃德加·林顿。

这个貌似温文尔雅的富家子弟倾慕凯瑟琳的美貌，向她求婚，天真幼稚的凯瑟琳同意嫁给林顿。

希斯克利夫知道凯瑟琳出嫁的消息，痛不欲生，愤然出走。

数年之后，衣锦还乡的希斯克利夫要向*德雷和林顿进行报复。

*德雷是个生活放荡的纨绔子弟，酗酒、赌博，肆意挥霍家产，终至穷困潦倒。

连剩下的家产都抵押给了希斯克利夫，并沦为他的奴仆。

希斯克利夫经常拜访画眉田庄，林顿的妹妹伊莎贝拉对他倾心不已，最后随他私奔。

但希斯克利夫把她囚禁在呼啸山庄并折磨她，以发泄自己强烈的怨愤。

凯瑟琳嫁给林顿以后，看清了丈夫伪善的面目，内心十分悔恨。

英文呼啸山庄故事梗概《呼啸山庄》是英国作家艾米莉·勃朗特创作的一部经典小说。

故事讲述了英国约克郡一个庄园，主人希斯克利夫与凯瑟琳·厄肖的爱情悲剧，以及两个家族之间的仇恨与冲突。

故事开始，读者通过一位富有的托克夫人的回忆，了解到发生在约克郡的呼啸山庄的故事。

这是一个与世隔绝，并且常年笼罩在恶劣天气下的庄园。

庄园的主人是希斯克利夫，一个充满狂野和仇恨心理的人。

希斯克利夫身世神秘，他的身份和背景并不为人所知。

他曾是呼啸山庄当地一个穷苦家庭的孩子，因为一些原因被带到了庄园。

和希斯克利夫一同长大的还有托克夫人的孩子，凯瑟琳和希顿。

希斯克利夫和凯瑟琳之间发展出一段非同寻常的友谊，他们相互依赖，互相慰藉。

然而，凯瑟琳迎娶了庄园主人的儿子爱德田，而希斯克利夫深深爱着的凯瑟琳却嫁给了另一个人。

希斯克利夫无法接受这个事实，他感到痛苦和愤怒，离开了呼啸山庄。

故事跳到几年后，当凯瑟琳的儿子经历了一系列的悲剧和痛苦后，希斯克利夫回到了呼啸山庄。

他们之间的争斗和仇恨再次被点燃，两个家族的世仇引发了一连串的冲突。

故事以一次意外事件的发生作为高潮，凯瑟琳在一次意外中死去，留下了刚出生的女儿凯瑟琳。

希斯克利夫对凯瑟琳的死伤心欲绝，他在她的墓前发誓要对她的家族进行报复。

然而，故事并没有结束。

希斯克利夫的健康开始恶化，他筹划了一项计划，让自己死后能和凯瑟琳团聚。

他通过与一个名叫伊莎贝拉的女子结婚来实现这个计划，但他对这个女人毫无感情，只是为了实现自己的目的。

故事的结尾，凯瑟琳长大成人并与希斯克利夫的儿子希顿相爱。

他们努力化解两个家族之间的冲突并寻找自己的幸福。

故事中强调了爱情、仇恨、复仇和家族纠葛之间的复杂关系。

通过《呼啸山庄》这个故事，勃朗特刻画了人性的复杂性，并展示了人们如何被愤怒和仇恨所驱使，以及如何通过爱与宽容来拯救自己。

这个故事充满了悲剧性的元素，暗示了个人选择和命运之间的冲突。

《呼啸山庄》被誉为英国文学中最伟大的小说之一，它揭示了人们内心最深处的阴暗面和祈望。

英文呼啸山庄故事梗概《呼啸山庄》是英国著名作家艾米莉·勃朗特创作的一部长篇小说，出版于1847年。

该小说以19世纪英国乡村为背景，讲述了两个家族之间的纷争和爱情之间的挣扎。

下面是该小说的简要梗概。

故事背景故事发生在英国北部，讲述了乡村史上两个家族之间的恩怨。

其中，一个家族在山上建立自己的房屋，成为呼啸山庄，而另一个家族则住在山脚下的平地上。

故事情节故事开始，我们见到了一位名叫莎士比·埃尔登（Mr. Lockwood）的伦敦绅士正在为他新买的房子找租客。

终于，他找到了一个名叫希翠尔（Heathcliff）的人，他愿意在那里住一段时间。

希翠尔是一个神秘的人物，大家不知道他来自哪里，他的背景和成长经历都被保密。

随着故事的发展，我们发现了希翠尔和另一个名叫卡瑟琳（Catherine）的女孩之间的爱情故事。

卡瑟琳是呼啸山庄的女主人，而希翠尔则是一个孤儿，在她家做工。

两个人很快就相爱了，但卡瑟琳选择嫁给了另一个人，名叫爱德加（Edgar）。

希翠尔因为卡瑟琳的婚姻而心碎，他离开了呼啸山庄。

他通过商业活动变得非常富有，返回呼啸山庄后，他利用自己的财富和权势，摆布和控制了卡瑟琳的家人，将其儿子吸收为其养子，也将进入旧居的卡瑟琳的侄女卡瑟琳·厄肯肖（Cathy Earnshaw）变成了一位舞蹈家。

他们之间的恩怨不断升级，导致了两个家族之间的冲突和争斗，这个历时一生的恩怨甚至遗留下了下一代人。

此后，故事中发生了一系列悲惨事件，涉及到亲人的死亡、家族的荣耀损失以及个人的背叛和孤独。

最终，希翠尔死于疾病，而卡瑟琳死于分娩后的感染。

两个家族最终和解了，他们意识到他们之间的纷争只会越来越毫无意义。

故事的结尾，我们看到了两个互相嘲讽的人物，他们来自两个家族，经历了这一切之后，他们在起床前外出走了一段路，这里再次阐释了艾米丽·勃朗特的小说主题：爱与复仇，人类内心最深的强烈情感，以及战争与和平之间的绝妙变化。

作文梗概呼啸山庄英文回答：Wuthering Heights is a classic novel written by Emily Bronte. It tells the story of the passionate anddestructive love between Heathcliff and Catherine Earnshaw. The novel is set in the desolate moors of Yorkshire, England, and explores themes of love, revenge, and the destructive power of obsession.The story is narrated by Mr. Lockwood, a newcomer tothe area who rents Thrushcross Grange, a neighboring property to Wuthering Heights. Through his interactionswith the residents of both houses, Lockwood uncovers the dark and tragic history of the Earnshaw and Linton families.Heathcliff, a foundling who is taken in by Mr. Earnshaw, grows up at Wuthering Heights alongside Catherine. Despite their close bond, Catherine chooses to marry Edgar Linton,a wealthy and refined gentleman, instead of Heathcliff.This decision sets off a chain of events that leads to heartbreak, revenge, and ultimately, the destruction of both families.Heathcliff, consumed by his love for Catherine, becomes a tortured and vengeful man. He seeks to exact revenge on those who have wronged him, including Hindley Earnshaw, Catherine's brother, and Edgar Linton. His actions bring misery and suffering to everyone around him, including his own son, Linton.Catherine, on the other hand, is torn between her love for Heathcliff and her desire for a comfortable and respectable life with Edgar. She is trapped between her wild, passionate nature and the expectations of society. Her internal struggle mirrors the external conflict between the natural, untamed moors and the civilized world of Thrushcross Grange.The novel also explores the theme of the supernatural, with Heathcliff being described as a "dark" and "demonic" figure. His love for Catherine transcends death, as hebecomes haunted by her ghost and longs for their souls to be reunited.In conclusion, Wuthering Heights is a powerful and haunting novel that delves into the depths of human emotions and the destructive power of obsession. Through the tragic love story of Heathcliff and Catherine, Emily Bronte explores themes of love, revenge, and the conflict between nature and society. The novel's vivid characters and atmospheric setting make it a timeless classic.中文回答：《呼啸山庄》是艾米莉·勃朗特创作的一部经典小说。

英语呼啸山庄主要内容
《呼啸山庄》是英国作家艾米莉·勃朗特的代表作之一，也是
世界文学史上的经典之一。

小说以19世纪英国乡村为背景，讲述了
希斯克利夫和凯瑟琳之间的爱恨情仇，以及他们所在的呼啸山庄和
桑太福德庄园之间的复杂关系。

故事开始于一个富有的孤儿希斯克利夫被桑太福德庄园主收养，与主人的女儿凯瑟琳一起长大。

然而，由于社会地位和家族关系的
差异，凯瑟琳最终与社会地位更高的埃德加结婚，这使得希斯克利
夫心灰意冷，离开了呼啸山庄。

希斯克利夫的离开使得凯瑟琳备受煎熬，她后来也因为生病而
去世。

希斯克利夫在离开后，变得阴郁孤僻，对凯瑟琳的死亡深感
悲痛和愧疚。

他开始对凯瑟琳的家人进行报复，尤其是对她的弟弟
海顿和儿子拉尔夫。

整个故事充满了复杂的情感和家族纠葛，展现了人性的复杂和
深沉。

作品中充满了对爱、恨、复仇和忏悔等情感的描绘，以及对
19世纪英国乡村社会的深刻剖析。

《呼啸山庄》以其深刻的情感描绘和对人性的探讨而著称，成为了世界文学史上的经典之一。

这部小说不仅展现了勃朗特姐妹的文学天赋，也为读者呈现了一个充满悲剧和戏剧性的故事，令人难以忘怀。

《呼啸山庄》简介1801年，洛克乌先生来到山庄拜访希克厉先生，要租下他的画眉山庄，希克厉先生对他很粗暴，还有一群恶狗向他发起进攻。

但他还是又一次造访希克厉先生，他遇到了行为粗俗，不修边幅的英俊少年哈里顿恩肖，和貌美的希克厉先生之子的遗孀。

由于天黑又下雪希克厉先生不得不留他住了下来，夜里他做了一个奇怪的梦，梦见树枝打在窗齿打碎玻璃，想折断外头的树枝，可手指却触到一双冰凉的小手，一个幽灵似的啜泣声乞求他放她进来。

她说她叫卡瑟琳·恩萧，已经在这游荡了20年了，她想闯进来，吓得洛克乌失声大叫。

希克厉先生闻声赶来，让洛克乌出去，他自己扑倒在床上，哭着叫起来：“卡茜，来吧！啊，来呀，再来一次！啊，我心中最亲爱的！卡瑟琳，最后一次！”可窗外毫无声息，一阵冷风吹灭了蜡烛。

第二天，洛克乌先生来到画眉山庄，向女管家艾伦迪恩问起此事，女管家便讲了发生在呼啸山庄的事情。

呼啸山庄已有300年的历史，以前的主人欧肖夫妇从街头捡来一个吉普赛人的弃儿，收他做养子，这就是希克厉。

希克厉一到这家就受到才先生的儿子享德莱的欺负和虐待，可享德莱的妹妹卡瑟琳却与希克厉疯狂地相爱了。

老主人死了之后，已婚的享德莱成了呼啸山庄的主人。

他开始阻止希克厉和卡瑟琳的交往，并把希克厉赶到田里去干活，不断地差辱他，折磨他，他变得不近人情，近乎痴呆，卡瑟琳也变得野性十足。

一次，他们到画眉山庄去玩，卡瑟琳被狗咬伤，主人林敦夫妇知道她是欧肖家的孩子，就热情地留她养伤，而把希克厉当成坏小子赶跑了。

卡瑟琳和林敦的儿子埃德加、女儿伊莎贝拉成了好朋友。

卡瑟琳住了五个长星期回来后，变成温文尔雅，仪态万方的富家小姐。

当他再次见到希克厉时，生怕他弄脏了自己的衣服。

希克厉的自尊心受到了伤害，他说：“我愿意怎么脏，就怎么脏。

”他发誓要对享德莱进行报复，他心中的野性和愤恨全部对准享德莱。

1778年6月，享德莱的妻子生下哈里顿恩肖后因肺病死去，亨德莱受了很大的打击，从此变得更加残忍，更加冷酷无情。

呼啸山庄英文内容简介Wuthering Heights Wuthering Heights is Emily Brontë's only novel. It was first published in 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell, and a posthumous second edition was edited by her sister Charlotte. The name of the novel comes from the Yorkshire manor on the moors on which the story centres (as an adjective, wuthering is a Yorkshire word referring to turbulent weather). The narrative tells the tale of the all-encompassing and passionate, yet thwarted, love between Heathcliff and Catherine Earnshaw, and how this unresolved passion eventually destroys them and many around them. Now considered a classic of English literature, Wuthering Heights' innovative structure, which has been likened to a series of Matryoshka dolls,[citation needed] met with mixed reviews by critics when it first appeared, with many horrified by the stark depictions of mental and physical cruelty.[1][2] Though Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre was originally considered the best of the Brontë sisters' works, many subsequent critics of Wuthering Heights argued that its originality and achievement made it superior.[3] Wuthering Heights has also given rise to many adaptations and inspired works, including films, radio, television dramatisations, amusical by Bernard J. Taylor and songs (notably the hit Wuthering Heights by Kate Bush), ballet and opera. Contents1 Plot summary 2 Characters 3 Timeline 4 Local background 5 Literary allusions 5.1 Gothic and supernatural elements 6 Allusions/references in literature 7 Film, TV or theatrical adaptations 7.1 New versions 8 Musical allusions and adaptations 8.1 Opera 8.2 Other 9 References 10 External links Plot summary The narrative is non-linear, involving several flashbacks, and involves two narrators - Mr. Lockwood and Ellen "Nelly" Dean. The novel opens in 1801, with Lockwood arriving at Thrushcross Grange, a grand house on the Yorkshire moors he is renting from the surly Heathcliff, who lives at nearby Wuthering Heights. Lockwood spends the night at Wuthering Heights and has a terrifying dream: the ghost of Catherine Earnshaw, pleading to be admitted to the house from outside. Intrigued, Lockwood asks the housekeeper Nelly Dean to tell the story of Heathcliff and Wuthering Heights while he is staying at the Grange recovering from a cold. Nelly takes over the narration and begins her story thirty years earlier, when Heathcliff, a foundling living on the streets of Liverpool, is brought to Wuthering Heights by the then-owner, Mr. Earnshaw,and raised as his own. Ellen comments casually that Heathcliff might have been descended from Indian or Chinese origins[4]. He is often described as "dark" or "gypsy". Earnshaw's daughter Catherine becomes Heathcliff's inseparable friend. Her brother Hindley, however, resents Heathcliff, seeing him as an interloper and rival. Mr. Earnshaw dies three years later, and Hindley (who has married a woman named Frances) takes over the estate. He brutalises Heathcliff, forcing him to work as a hired hand. Catherine becomes friends with a neighbour family, the Lintons of Thrushcross Grange, who mellow her initially wild personality. She is especially attached to the refined and mild young Edgar Linton, whom Heathcliff instantly dislikes. A year later, Hindley's wife dies, apparently of consumption, shortly after giving birth to a son, Hareton; Hindley takes to drink. Some two years after that, Catherine agrees to marry Edgar. Nelly knows that this will crush Heathcliff, and Heathcliff overhears Catherine's explanation that it would be "degrading" to marry him. Heathcliff storms out and leaves Wuthering Heights, not hearing Catherine's continuing declarations that Heathcliff is as much a part of her as the rocks are to the earth beneath. Catherine marries Edgar, and is initially very happy.Some time later, Heathcliff returns, intent on destroying those who prevent him from being with Catherine. He has, mysteriously, become very wealthy. Through loans he has made to the drunken and dissipated Hindley that Hindley cannot repay, he takes ownership of Wuthering Heights upon Hindley's death. Intent on ruining Edgar, Heathcliff elopes with Edgar's sister Isabella, which places him in a position to inherit Thrushcross Grange upon Edgar's death. Catherine becomes very ill after Heathcliff's return and dies a few hours after giving birth to a daughter also named Catherine, or Cathy. Heathcliff becomes only more bitter and vengeful. Isabella flees her abusive marriage a month later, and subsequently gives birth to a boy, Linton. At around the same time, Hindley dies. Heathcliff takes ownership of Wuthering Heights, and vows to raise Hindley's son Hareton with as much neglect as he had suffered at Hindley's hands years earlier. Twelve years later, the dying Isabella asks Edgar to raise her and Heathcliff's son, Linton. However, Heathcliff finds out about this and takes the sickly, spoiled child to Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff has nothing but contempt for his son, but delights in the idea of him ruling the property of his enemies. To that end, a few years later, Heathcliffattempts to persuade young Cathy to marry Linton. Cathy refuses, so Heathcliff kidnaps her and forces the two to marry. Soon after, Edgar Linton dies, followed shortly by Linton Heathcliff. This leaves Cathy a widow and a virtual prisoner at Wuthering Heights, as Heathcliff has gained complete control of both Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. It is at this point in the narrative that Lockwood arrives, taking possession of Thrushcross Grange, and hearing Nelly Dean's story. Shocked, Lockwood leaves for London. During his absence from the area, however, events reach a climax that Nelly describes when he returns a year later. Cathy gradually softens toward her rough, uneducated cousin Hareton, just as her mother was tender towards Heathcliff. When Heathcliff is confronted by Cathy and Hareton's love, notably Hareton's determination to protect the defiant Cathy from Heathcliff's attack, he seems to suffer a mental break from reality and sees Catherine's ghost. He abandons his life-long vendetta and dies broken and tormented, but glad to be rejoining Catherine. Cathy and Hareton marry. Heathcliff is buried next to Catherine (the elder), and the story concludes with Lockwood visiting the grave, unsure of what to feel. Characters Heathcliff is the central male character of thenovel. A foundling raised by the Earnshaw family, he forms a bond with his foster sister Catherine Earnshaw and they share a passionate love, but it is founded on their sameness, of being different halves of the same soul, rather than just a romance or some physical attraction. Meanwhile he nurses a bitter rivalry with his foster brother Hindley, who resents the partiality his father shows Heathcliff and is cruel to him after his father's death. The only time he truly showed love or emotion was when it had to do with Cathy. He runs away from the heights when he is approximately sixteen (his age is unknown but he looks slightly older than Cathy) and returns three years later, having mysteriously made his fortune, education and refinement. He is a brooding, vindictive man, and his anger and bitterness at Catherine's later marriage to their neighbor Edgar Linton sees him engage in a ruthless vendetta to destroy not only his enemies but their heirs, a crusade that only intensifies upon Catherine's death. Catherine Earnshaw is Heathcliff's foster sister. She has dark brown eyes which are characteristic of her family. A free-spirited, wild, passionate, and somewhat spoiled young woman, she returns Heathcliff's love entirely, but because Heathcliff had been made so low that if she married them theywould become beggars, instead she chooses another, Edgar Linton, through which marriage she hopes to help Heathcliff and bring him back to the standing he would have had. Heathcliff leaves the Heights after overhearing that it would degrade her to marry him, and because of this she throws herself into a violent fit and is ill for a while. When Edgar asks her to marry him she is about fifteen; they are married three years after Edgar's father's death when she is about eighteen, presumably when Edgar comes into his inheritance. When Heathcliff returns after those same three years she renews their friendship, which makes Edgar unhappy. Always on the edge of madness, her physical and mental health are destroyed by the feud between them, and she descends into prophetic madness before dying in an angelic state shortly after childbirth at about nineteen. Edgar Linton is a childhood friend of Catherine Earnshaw's who later marries her. His fair appearance, blonde hair and blue eyes, contrasts with Heathcliff's dark appearance. A mild and gentle man, if slightly cowardly and distant, he loves Catherine deeply but is unable to reconcile his love for her with her feelings for her childhood friend Heathcliff. This leads to a bitter antagonism with Heathcliff, and it is partly this which leads to Catherine'sbreakdown. He is well-mannered and gentlemanly but always remains something of a spoiled child. He is too afraid to fight Heathcliff and shows fear at the prospect, earning both Cathy's scorn and solidifying Heathcliff's contempt. Linton is incapable of competing with Heathcliff's guile and ruthless determination across the decades, and his health fails him while still a relatively young man. Isabella Linton is the younger sister of Edgar who becomes infatuated with Heathcliff. She fundamentally mistakes his true nature and elopes with him despite his apparent dislike of her. Her love for him turns to hatred almost immediately, as she is ill treated both physically and emotionally and held captive against her will. When Heathcliff returns from the Grange after Cathy's death she taunts him and he responds by trying to attack her, but Hindley interferes and she escapes the Heights. She leaves for London after visiting Nelly at the Grange and gives birth to their son Linton Heathcliff about seven months later, whom she attempts to raise away from Heathcliff's corrupting influence. Hindley Earnshaw is Catherine's brother and Heathcliff's other rival. Having loathed Heathcliff since childhood, Hindley delights in turning him into a rough servant upon inheriting WutheringHeights, making him work the fields. However, his wife's death from consumption destroys him; he becomes a self-destructive alcoholic and gambler and it is this that allows Heathcliff, upon returning to Wuthering Heights, to turn the tables and to buy the mortgage to Wuthering Heights which Hindley created because of his gambling debts, and to become its owner. Northern Yorkshire. In the foreground heaths. Ellen (Nelly) Dean is, at various points, the housekeeper of both Thrushcross Grange and Wuthering Heights, and is the primary narrator of the novel, told through M. Lockwood's journal entries. She is Hindley's, Heathcliff's and Cathy's foster-sister and servant, and is the same age as Hindley, seven years older than Cathy. Heathcliff genuinely likes her and is always glad to see her. She recognizes early on that Heathcliff is Catherine's true love and tries to dissuade her from the disastrous marriage to Edgar. Having been a disapproving witness and unwilling participant to many of the events between Heathcliff and both the Earnshaw and Linton families for much of her life, she narrates the story to Lockwood during his illness at the Grange. It is presumed that she never married as she keeps the name Dean throughout her life. It could be considered that she is the true hero of the story, and withouther many of the events in the story would never have taken place; however, she is not the primary protagonist. Linton Heathcliff is the son of Isabella and Heathcliff. He bears no physical resemblance to Heathcliff whatsoever and takes after his mother completely, with big soft blue eyes, fair golden hair, and slightly effeminate in appearance. However he has a certain petulance, cruelty and selfishness, and exploits his ill health to get attention from others. He is a sickly child who grows up ignorant of his father until his mother's death when he is thirteen years old. He is forced to live at Wuthering Heights and grows into a bullied, trembling shadow of his father. Heathcliff arranges for him to marry his cousin Catherine Linton so that he may inherit both the estates of Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. He dies shortly after entering into the forced marriage. Catherine Linton is the daughter of Catherine Earnshaw and Edgar Linton. She inherits both her mother's free-spiritedness and dark eyes and her father's gentle nature, facial features and fair hair. Heathcliff takes advantage of her fundamental innocence and manipulates her into marrying his own son, Linton. She has a strong affection for Linton despite her father's and Nelly's attempts to keep her out of the reach ofHeathcliff's machinations, and never wavers in her friendship to him. Unaware of Linton's failing health, she is manipulated into traveling to the Heights, where Heathcliff forces her to remain and marry his son before she returns home to her father, who is dying as well. Once she has become a captive of Wuthering Heights Heathcliff resorts to the same torture he applies to everyone against whom he bears a grudge; he is also violent towards her and cannot stand to have her in the same room with him. As a result, she becomes harpyish and unfriendly. When Nelly is allowed to move to the Heights she helps Catherine return back to her true nature and kindness. She later falls in love with her cousin, Hareton Earnshaw. Hareton Earnshaw is the son of Hindley Earnshaw, who is adopted by Heathcliff upon Hindley's death. He is described as a handsome rustic with the dark Earnshaw eyes, and bears a likeness to his aunt and father. Heathcliff once saved his life; he caught him when Hindley accidentally drops him off the banister of the staircase; however he regretted the act. Heathcliff spitefully turns Hareton into an illiterate servant and has him work the fields, much as Hindley once did to him. Despite this, Hareton remains strangely loyal to him, and considers him his father. Quick tempered and easilyembarrassed, he falls in love with Catherine Linton early on, and despite her contempt for him is thus inspired to improve himself. He is the only person who mourns Heathcliff upon his death. Joseph is a servant of the Earnshaws and later Heathcliff. A bullying, lazy and snide man, he hates Heathcliff but is bound to serve Wuthering Heights and the sense of duty he feels to Hareton, who he calls the true master. Intensely religious, he is sanctimonious, self-righteous and largely held in contempt by those around him. He speaks in the traditional West Yorkshire dialect. This dialect was still used in the Haworth area up until the late 1970s, but there are now only portions of it still in common use.[5] Lockwood is the narrator of the novel. A newly-arrived tenant at Thrushcross Grange at the beginning of the novel, he is intrigued by the curious goings-on at Wuthering Heights, and persuades Nelly Dean to tell him the story of what happened during a bout of sickness. Lockwood is apparently a wealthy, relatively young man who comes to regret not approaching the younger Catherine Linton himself. Despite having a reserved manner and somewhat lofty ideals of himself, he is also a sensitive and romantic soul who is deeply affected by the saga of Heathcliff and Catherine. It is inferred that helives in London and returns there after his stay at the Grange. Frances Earnshaw is the wife that Hindley married while away at college. The fact that he did not tell his father suggests that Frances is not of high social standing. From her introduction she proves to be a kind woman to Nelly and Cathy but follows Hindley's example and dislikes Heathcliff. While Hareton is an infant she dies from consumption, or tuberculosis, a fate shared by most of the Brontë sisters. She had shown symptoms of her illness ever since Hindley brought her to Wuthering Heights, but at that time Nelly did not know what to make of her violent bloody coughs and fear of dying. Mr. Kenneth, the local doctor and drinking partner of Hindley. Kenneth often sees to the ill or dead characters: Cathy in her madnesses, Frances during childbirth and TB, Heathcliff and his early illness, Edgar's final hours, and Hindley's death. Nelly tells Heathcliff that he should send for Kenneth to tend to his ill son, but does not tell him that Heathcliff's death is suicide by starvation. He also reports to Nelly that he saw Isabella leaving with Heathcliff. Timeline 1757 Hindley born (Summer); Nelly born 1762 Edgar Linton born 1764 Heathcliff born 1765 Catherine Earnshaw born (Summer); Isabella Linton born (late 1765) 1771 Heathcliff isbrought to Wuthering Heights by Mr Earnshaw (late summer) 1773 Mrs Earnshaw dies (Spring) 1774 Hindley is sent off to college 1777 Hindley marries Frances; Mr Earnshaw dies (October); Hindley comes back (October); Heathcliff and Catherine visit Thrushcross Grange, Catherine remains behind (November), then returns to Wuthering Heights (Christmas Eve). 1778 Hareton is born (June); Frances dies 1780 Heathcliff runs away from Wuthering Heights; Mr and Mrs Linton both die 1783 Catherine marries Edgar (March); Heathcliff comes back (September) 1784 Heathcliff marries Isabella (February); Catherine dies and Cathy is born (20 March); Hindley dies; Linton is born (September) 1797 Isabella dies; Cathy visits Wuthering Heights and meets Hareton; Linton is brought to Thrushcross Grange and is then taken to Wuthering Heights 1800 Cathy meets Heathcliff and sees Linton again (20 March) 1801 Cathy and Linton are married (August); Edgar dies (August); Linton dies (September); Mr Lockwood goes to Thrushcross Grange and visits Wuthering Heights, beginning his narrative 1802 Mr Lockwood goes back to London (January); Heathcliff dies (April); Mr Lockwood comes back to Thrushcross Grange (September) 1803 Cathy plans to marryHareton (1 January) Local background Though tourists are often told that Top Withens, a ruined farmhouse, near the Haworth Parsonage (Bronte Parsonage Museum), is the model for Wuthering Heights, it seems more likely that the now demolished High Sunderland Hall, near Halifax was the partial model for the building. This Gothic edifice, near Law Hill, where Emily worked briefly as a schoolmistress in 1838, had grotesque embellishments of griffins and misshapen nude men similar to those described by Lockwood of Wuthering Heights in chapter one of the novel: "Before passing the threshold, I paused to admire a quantity of grotesque carving lavished over the front, and especially about the principal door, above which, among a wilderness of crumbling griffins and shameless little boys, I detected the date "1500"". The originals of Thrushcross Grange have been traditionally connected to Ponden Hall near Haworth (although it is far too small) and, more likely, Shibden Hall, near Halifax.[6][7] A feud centred around Walterclough Hall is also said to have been one inspiration for the story along with the story of Emily's grandfather, Hugh Brunty. Literary allusions Traditionally, this novel has been seen as a unique piece of work written by a woman confined to the lonesomeheath, detached from the literary movements of the time. However, Emily Brontëreceived literary training at the Pensionnat Héger in Brussels by imitating and analysing the styles of classic writers. She also learned German, and was able to read the German Romantics in the original. The work of Lord Byron was also admired by all three Brontësisters. The brother-sister relationship between Heathcliff and Cathy is reminiscent of the brother-sister couples in Byron's epics. The character of Heathcliff is reminiscent of the Byronic hero. Gothic and supernatural elements The novel contains many Gothic and supernatural elements. The mystery of Heathcliff's parentage is never solved. All film interpretations have failed in accurately depicting Heathcliff's appearance; He is described as "a dark skinned gypsy in appearance," with black hair and black eyes. It is assumed that he is a gypsy; there were, from what M. Earnshaw said, no people in the town who knew him or claimed him; he belonged to no one. /In literature, the smoky, threatening, miserable factory-towns were often represented in religious terms, and compared to hell. The poet William Blake, writing near the turn of the nineteenth century, speaks of England’s “dark Satanic Mills.” [Sparknotes]/ He is described by Hindleyas an 'imp of Satan' in chapter four. Near the end of the novel Nelly Dean wonders if Heathcliff is a ghoul or vampire, but then remembers how they grew up together and dismisses the thought. The awesome but unseen presence of Satan is also alluded to at several points in the novel, and it is noted in chapter three that 'no clergyman will undertake the duties of pastor' at the local chapel, which has fallen into dereliction. Heathcliff is constantly described as a devil or demon by many different characters throughout the course of the book. His wife, Isabella Linton, asks Nelly if Heathcliff is a man at all, after she marries him and is exposed to his true nature. An important part of the novel is often overlooked and has never truly been conveyed in any film adaptation; Heathcliff and Cathy are two halves of the same soul, and are good and evil, angel and devil. Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based on their shared perception that they are identical. /Their love denies difference, and is strangely asexual. The two do not kiss in dark corners or arrange secret trysts, as adulterers do. (Sparknotes)/ Cathy famously proclaims "I am Heathcliff!" In that same conversation with Nelly, she talks about a "dream" she had, where she was in heaven, but was very unhappy and wanted to be back on earth.The angels grew so angry with her that they cast her onto the heath and onto Wuthering Heights, and when she woke, she wept for joy. Cathy goes through a transformation in the book; during an argument with Edgar Linton she starts going crazy, biting and ripping the pillows and then lying still as though dead. She is ill for a period of time but never fully recovers; she asks Nelly "Why am I so changed?" Her angelic nature, previously frustrated, surfaces, but she cannot live for long afterwards. Nelly wonders often if she will get into heaven, becasue of her less than saintly life, but when she watches her on her death-bed she is filled with a wonderful feeling of calm and release, and is assured that she has entered heaven. While Cathy's soul is angelic, Heathcliff's is demonic. Heathcliff's long-lasting malevolence and gratuitous violence can only be explained by his being a demon incarnate. Moreover, Heathcliff, upon Catherine’s death, wails that he cannot live without his “soul,” meaning Catherine. Ghosts also play a role in the novel. Lockwood has a horrible vision of Catherine (the elder) as a child, appearing at the window of her old chamber at Wuthering Heights and begging to be allowed in. Heathcliff believes this story of Catherine's ghostly return, and late in the novel behavesas though he has seen her ghost himself. When Heathcliff dies, he is found in the bedroom with the window open, raising the possibility that Catherine's ghost entered Wuthering Heights just as Lockwood saw in his dream. At the end of the novel, Nelly Dean reports that various superstitious locals have claimed to see Catherine and Heathcliff's ghosts roaming the moors. Lockwood, however, discounts the idea of "unquiet slumbers for those sleepers in that quiet earth." Allusions/references in literature In Albert Camus' essay "The Rebel", Heathcliff is compared to a leader of the rebel forces. Both are driven by a sort of madness: one by misguided love, the other by oppression. Camus juxtaposes the concept of Heathcliff's reaction to Cathy with the reaction of a disenchanted rebel to the ideal he once held. Maryse Condé's novel Windward Heights adapted Wuthering Heights to be set in Guadaloupe and Cuba. In the novel Eclipse by Stephenie Meyer, several direct quotes from Wuthering Heights are used to compare the main character Bella Swan's relationship with Edward Cullen and Jacob Black with Cathy's situation with Heathcliff and Edgar. Sylvia Plath and Ted Hughes both have poems titled Wuthering Heights. Ann Carson wrote a poem titled "The Glass Essay" in which arewoven multiple references to Wuthering Heights and the life of Emily Brontë. James Stoddard's novel The False House contains numerous references to Wuthering Heights. In the novel H: The Story of Heathcliff's Journey Back to Wuthering Heights' by Lin Haire-Sargeant tells the story of how Heathcliff discovers he is the son and heir of Edgar Fairfax Rochester and Bertha Mason (Jane Eyre). Jasper Fforde's Thursday Next novels often mention Heathcliff as the most tragic romantic hero. In Fforde's book The Well of Lost Plots, it is revealed that all the characters of Wuthering Heights are required to attend group anger management sessions. In the preface of his novel Le bleu du ciel, the French writer Georges Bataille states that, in his view, Wuthering Heights belongs to those rare works in literature written from an inner necessity. Alice Hoffman's "Here On Earth" is a modern version of Wuthering Heights.[citation needed] The novel Glennkill by German writer Leonie Swann, published in 2005, is in some way centred around Emily Brontë's novel, and is perhaps the main reason why said novel is set in Ireland.[citation needed] The book, as is revealed in the last pages, is being read to the sheep by the shepherd's daughter, and in a strange and dreamy way helps the main character of thenovel, a sheep-detective called Miss Maple, to guess the identity of the murderer. In Diane Setterfield's novel, The Thirteenth Tale (novel), Wuthering Heights is also frequently mentioned. The relationship between Charlie and Isabelle Angelfield parallels that of Heathcliff and Catherine in many ways. Michel Houellebecq's debut novel Extension du domaine de la lutte briefly mentions Wuthering Heights - "We're a long way from Wuthering Heights." -, arguing that as human relations are progressively fading away, then such tales of stormy passion are no longer possible.[8] Cara Lockwood's Wuthering High, is centered around a boarding school that is haunted by dead classic writers, Emily Brontëbeing one of them. Her novel is mentioned several times, and even her characters make some special appearances. Nomura Miduki's second book in the Bungakushoujo series, "Bungakushoujo" to Uekawaku Ghost (published in 2006) refers to and draws from Wuthering Heights heavily. The Japanese novelist Minae Mizumura's third and most recent work, A Real Novel, 2002, is a retelling of Wuthering Heights in post war Japan, featuring a half-Chinese, half-Japanese Heathcliff and an even more problematic Nelly. It re-enacts the history of modern Japanese literature by absorbingand transforming the Western classic into the Japanese literary context. In Stephenie Meyer's Twilight series, the main character, Bella Swan, is often seen with a battered copy of Wuthering Heights. Film, TV or theatrical adaptations 1920: the earliest version of Wuthering Heights is filmed in England, directed by A.V. Bramble. It is unknown if any prints still exist.[9] 1939: Wuthering Heights, starring Merle Oberon as Catherine Linton, Laurence Olivier as Heathcliff, David Niven as Edgar Linton, Flora Robson as Ellen Dean, Donald Crisp as Dr. Kenneth, Geraldine Fitzgerald as Isabella Linton and Leo G. Carroll as Joseph Earnshaw. The film was adapted by Charles MacArthur, Ben Hecht and John Huston. It was directed by William Wyler. The movie was nominated for the 1940 Academy Award for Best Picture. It did not depict the entire novel, portraying only half. In 1948 BBC Television staged a live 90-minute version of the novel. This was not recorded. A 1953 adaptation on BBC Television was scripted by Nigel Kneale, directed by Rudolph Cartier and starred Richard Todd as Heathcliff and Yvonne Mitchell as Catherine. This version does not survive in the BBC archives. According to Kneale, it was made simply because Todd had turned up at the BBC one day and said that he wanted。