第五讲-意群、句子重音和语调

• He ‘isn’t a tech ‘nician.
• 3. be用在一般疑问句句首时，重读与否均可： • ‘Is he a ‘worker? • Is he a ‘worker?
• 比较句中的重音 • 在比较句中，重音落在as或than后的代（名）词上： • This is better than ‘that. • John is taller than ‘Bill. • She’s as happy as a ‘lark. • He’s as sly as a ‘fox.
• You were trying, ‘weren’t you? Yes, I ‘was.
• 2. 助动词、情态动词和be动词与not连成一词时要重读：
• She ‘doesn’t ‘like the ‘weather here.
• I ‘can’t ‘speak ‘French。
• They ‘aren’t ‘waiting for us.
Note
如果前词尾辅音与后词尾辅音相同，前辅
音省略。
I was× so happy. I have got× to go. →I have gotta go.(to轻音化为ta) Do~you want× to dance? →do you wanna dance?
(to轻音化为na)
Note
以辅音结尾的单词 + h开头的单词，h不发

in an hour pick it up an hour and a half let him in
A group of people put on their coats and went out.
2.“辅音+半元音”
i. 英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一个词是 以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头， 此时也要连读。

英语句子
重读、连读、意群、语调
英语句子重读、连读、意群、语调
一、句子重读（读英语句子时，有些词读得重而清晰，有些读得轻而含糊。）
1、实词(名/形/副/数和实义动词)要重读。虚词(介/冠/连词和人称/关系代词等)不重读。
1/.The new book is on the desk.
2、感叹词和疑问词要重读。 1/.How hot it is today!
2/.I am so busy with my school-work and duties as monitor that I don’t have enough time to keep a balance between them .
四、语调 1、升调的使用 1/.Are you waiting for someone?↗ (一般疑问句)
I canቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱt come.
Stop talking.
三、意群与停顿：(在说话或朗读时，为了换气或将意义表达清楚，一个较长的句子可根据意思与语法结构划分为 若干部分，每一个部分被称为一个意群。意群之间可稍微停顿，但同一意群里的单词要一口 气读完。) 1/.He woke up at a quarter past six this morning.
2/.One,↗ two,↗ three,↗ four,↗ five.↘ (数数) 3/.We bought some sugar,↗ some vegetables↗ and two bottles of beer.↘ (列举事务) 2、降调的使用 1/.What do you plan to do this weekend?↘ (特殊疑问句) 2/.The train started out two minutes ago.↘ (陈述句) 3/.Please ask him to come in.↘ (祈使句) 4/.What a fine day!↘ (感叹句) 3、特殊类 1/.Are you a Chinese ↗ or a Japanese?↘ (选择疑问句，前升后降。)

▪ 用于陈述句
降调
▪ I have already read that book. ↘
▪ That street is two miles long. ↘
▪ 用于特殊疑问句 ▪ What has happened to him? ↘ ▪ Which direction is it to the post office? ↘ ▪ 注意：特殊疑问句有时可用升调表示请别人重复刚说过的话： ▪ What is your major? ↗ ▪ Where shall we go for the holiday? ↗
不可连读的情况
当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时，意群与意 群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现，也不 可连读。
▪ 9) you /jə/ ▪ What do you think?
▪ 10) your /jə/ ▪ Take your time.
▪ 11) us /əs/ ▪ Let us think it over.
▪ 12) that /ðət/ ▪ This is the house that Jack built.
maybe even good enough to come up with the next
iPhone
keeps us from turning a blind eye to corruption and to
injustice
2.“辅音+辅音”
爆破音/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/ 和摩擦音/f/，/v/，/W/, 其中任意2个相临时，前一个音会轻音化，即由相关的发音器官 做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的音。 如果这些音 在词尾，也要轻音化。
job.

Note
如果前词尾辅音与后词尾辅音相同，前辅
音省略。
I was× so happy. I have got× to go. →I have gotta go.(to轻音化为ta) Do~you want× to dance? →do you wanna dance?
(to轻音化为na)
Note
以辅音结尾的单词 + h开头的单词，h不发
助动词、情态动词和be动词是否有句子重音？
▪ 1. 助动词、情态动词和be动词一般没有句子重音，但在附加 句中可以重读，在简答句中则必须重读：
▪ He won’t do it, ‘will he? No he ‘won’t. ▪ You can do it, ‘can’t you? Yes, I ‘can. ▪ You were trying, ‘weren’t you? Yes, I ‘was. ▪ 2. 助动词、情态动词和be动词与not连成一词时要重读： ▪ She ‘doesn’t ‘like the ‘weather here. ▪ I ‘can’t ‘speak ‘French。 ▪ They ‘aren’t ‘waiting for us. ▪ He ‘isn’t a tech ‘nician.
逻辑重音
▪ 句子的重音总是要表现说话人的思想和他 所要表达的意思的重点。有时为了强调， 句子中几乎任何词都可以有句子重音，包 括一些通常没有句子重音的词，这种依说 话者意图重读的音就是逻辑重音。
▪ Are you ‘angry with me? ▪ Are you ‘angry with ‘me? ▪ Are ‘you ‘angry with me?
▪ 用于选择疑问句中“or”之后的部分 ▪ Do you want to ride or walk? ↘ ▪ Would you like coffee or tea? ↘

从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较 广泛。 敞开式 盾构之 中有挤 压式盾 构、全 部敞开 式盾构 ，但在 近些年 的城市 地下工 程施工 中已很 少使用 ，在此 不再说 明。
英语句子重音、语 调、连读、弱读、
爆破及意群
从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较 广泛。 敞开式 盾构之 中有挤 压式盾 构、全 部敞开 式盾构 ，但在 近些年 的城市 地下工 程施工 中已很 少使用 ，在此 不再说 明。
▪ Did you tell my ‘wife? ▪ Did you tell ‘my wife? ▪ Did ‘you tell my wife?
▪ We ‘heard ‘John ‘talking. ▪ We ‘heard John talking. ▪ We heard ‘John talking.
▪ 用于置于句首的状语短语或状语从句 ▪ After dinner ↗, I read a magazine and made telephone
calls. ↘ ▪ While you were writing letters ↗, I was reading a book. ↘ ▪ 用于并列句的第一个分句，表示句子还未说完 ▪ My fever is gone ↗, but I still have a cough. ↘ ▪ My major is English ↗, and I like it. ↘ ▪ 用于委婉祈使句 ▪ Excuse me, sir ↗. Can you help me? ↗ ▪ 用于称呼语 ▪ Mrs. Smith ↗, this is Tom Jones. ↘
从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较 广泛。 敞开式 盾构之 中有挤 压式盾 构、全 部敞开 式盾构 ，但在 近些年 的城市 地下工 程施工 中已很 with me?

Note
▪ 名词、实义动词、形容词、副词、数 词、指示代词、疑问词和感叹词等一 般都重读。
▪ 而冠词、介词、连词和一般性的代词 则不重读。
▪ ‘What ‘s the ‘matter? ▪ The ‘sweater is ‘beautiful. ▪ Your ‘book is on the ‘desk. ▪ He ‘started ‘counting it. ▪ He ‘usually ‘gets up at ‘six o’clock.
耐烦的口气，或表示命令等。 ▪ Are you satisfied? ↘ ▪ Will you take off your hat, please? ↘
▪ 用于罗列中最后一项之前的各项 ▪ For each incomplete sentence, there are four
choices marked A↗, B↗, C↗, and D. ↘ ▪ We study Chinese ↗, history ↗, geography ↗,
▪ That street is two milhat has happened to him? ↘ ▪ Which direction is it to the post office? ↘ ▪ 注意：特殊疑问句有时可用升调表示请别人重复刚说过的话： ▪ What is your major? ↗ ▪ Where shall we go for the holiday? ↗
助动词、情态动词和be动词是否有句子重音？
▪ 1. 助动词、情态动词和be动词一般没有句子重音，但在附加 句中可以重读，在简答句中则必须重读：
▪ He won’t do it, ‘will he? No he ‘won’t. ▪ You can do it, ‘can’t you? Yes, I ‘can. ▪ You were trying, ‘weren’t you? Yes, I ‘was. ▪ 2. 助动词、情态动词和be动词与not连成一词时要重读： ▪ She ‘doesn’t ‘like the ‘weather here. ▪ I ‘can’t ‘speak ‘French。 ▪ They ‘aren’t ‘waiting for us. ▪ He ‘isn’t a tech ‘nician.

▪ That street is two miles long. ↘
▪ 用于特殊疑问句 ▪ What has happened to him? ↘ ▪ Which direction is it to the post office? ↘ ▪ 注意：特殊疑问句有时可用升调表示请别人重复刚说过的话： ▪ What is your major? ↗ ▪ Where shall we go for the holiday? ↗
▪ 用于选择疑问句中“or”之后的部分 ▪ Do you want to ride or walk? ↘ ▪ Would you like coffee or tea? ↘
升调
▪ 用于一般疑问句 ▪ Do you mind if I sit here? ↗ ▪ Can you hand in your compositions today? ↗ ▪ 注意：一般疑问句有时也可用降调，表示一种不
助动词、情态动词和be动词是否有句子重音？
▪ 1. 助动词、情态动词和be动词一般没有句子重音，但在附加 句中可以重读，在简答句中则必须重读：
▪ He won’t do it, ‘will he? No he ‘won’t. ▪ You can do it, ‘can’t you? Yes, I ‘can. ▪ You were trying, ‘weren’t you? Yes, I ‘was. ▪ 2. 助动词、情态动词和be动词与not连成一词时要重读： ▪ She ‘doesn’t ‘like the ‘weather here. ▪ I ‘can’t ‘speak ‘French。 ▪ They ‘aren’t ‘waiting for us. ▪ He ‘isn’t a tech ‘nician.

语调
英语语调主要有降调、升调和平调三大类。 不同的语调可以表示说话人不同的态度和 不同的隐含意思。 英语中同一句话采用不同的语调会产生截 然不同的语意概念。如“Yes” 语调具有强烈的感情色彩，它使语言更富 有表现力。

降调 用于陈述句 I have already read that book. ↘ That street is two miles long. ↘ 用于特殊疑问句 What has happened to him? ↘ Which direction is it to the post office? ↘ 注意：特殊疑问句有时可用升调表示请别人重复 刚说过的话： What is your major? ↗ Where shall we go for the holiday? ↗
3.be用在一般疑问句句首时，重读与否均可： ‘Is he a ‘worker? Is he a ‘worker? 比较句中的重音 在比较句中，重音落在as或than后的代（名） 词上： This is better than ‘that. John is taller than ‘Bill. She’s asly as a ‘fox.
助动词、情态动词和be动词是否有句 子重音？
1. 助动词、情态动词和be动词一般没有句子重音， 但在附加句中可以重读，在简答句中则必须重读： He won’t do it, ‘will he? No he ‘won’t. You can do it, ‘can’t you? Yes, I ‘can. You were trying, ‘weren’t you? Yes, I ‘was. 2.助动词、情态动词和be动词与not连成一词时要重 读： She ‘doesn’t ‘like the ‘weather here. I ‘can’t ‘speak ‘French。 They ‘aren’t ‘waiting for us. He ‘isn’t a tech ‘nician.

音节 &重音
What is a stressed syllable 重读音节：在双音节或多音节词中，其中一个 音节读得比其他响亮，称为重读音节。Eg: better/'betə/ banana/bə'nanə/

A clock My friend’s clock The hands of my friend’s clock The metal hands of my friend’s clock The two broken metal hands of my friend’s clock
单词重音
单词重音：在双音节和多音节的词中，有一个音 节读得特别重而强（其余音节相对地读得轻而 弱），这种现象叫做单词重音。单词重音符号“′” 表示， 加在重读音节的左上方， 例如： [′hspitl] [′kΛlə] 单音节词单独念时一律要重读， 但在单独注音 时不必加重音符号，例如：[kΛp] [waif]
三个意义单位，三个语法单位，三个语调单位。
气群：凡是一口气能说完或者读完的一 个句子或句子一大部分的称为一个气群。 一个气群一般包括若干个意群，说话或 者朗读时气长的人可念完一个很长的句 子而不停顿，但最短的气群不得少于一 个意群。气群用”ll”表示。
Both my brother and I l are fond of tennis. ll Which is bigger, an elephant or a tiger?
I have become most aware of my lack of a proper education whenever I have had the chance to put it to the test.