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介词1.介词的分类1)介通常指一个的介如：at，between，in，to等2) 合成介指有两个合在一起构成的介如：into，upon，without等3)介短指有两个或两个以上合在一起所构成的介，如 because of，in frontof 等①介短的构成：“介 + ” 构叫做介短。
能作介的有名、代、数或从句 e.g. Who ’s knocking at the door?（名）②介短的用法A. 作状 e.g. I arrived at the concert hallin time （状）.B.作定 e.g. Here is a chequefor $30（定） .C.作表 e.g. The museum is justacross the street（表） .D.作足 e.g. We must keep the classroomin good order（：表明教室的状）.2.常用介词用法辨析1)表示的介①表示年、月、日、刻等用at，in， onA ．at 用于表示刻、刻的某一点 e.g. at eleven o’\atclocknoon \ at presentB．on 用于表示某日，某天的上午、下午、晚上 e.g. on Saturday \ On March 8th C．in 用于表示一段或季 e.g. in December \ in spring②表示前后用 before， afterA. before:在⋯.之前 e.g. Come and see me tomorrow at any time before eleven a.m.B. after:在⋯.之后 e.g. Spring comes after winter.③表示期限等用 by，until ， tillA.by: 在⋯.之前，不于 e.g. By the time I arrived, she had already gone.B.Until ，till: 直到⋯. 止 e.g. The radio worked all night till last night.④表示期等用 for ，during， through，betweenA.for: 达⋯.之久（表示了多少） e.g. My Johnson stayed in China for 2 weeks.B.during: 在⋯期当中 e.g. He woke many times during the night.C.through: 在整整一段内 e.g. She sat there, alone, all through that day.D. between: 在（两个）之，突出的起点和点，相当于from ⋯ .toe.g. He kept on working between seven and twelve last night.⑤表示的起点用 from， sinceA.from: 从⋯.起 e.g. From sunrise to sunset he waited.B.since: 自从⋯.以来 e.g. Since my last letter I have heard from him twice.⑥表示的等用 in，withinA.in: ⋯.后（未来） e.g. I heard that she would be back in a month.B.within: 以内，不超 e.g. He will arrive within an hour.2)表示所、方向的介①表示所的介：at，in，on，above，over，under，below，near，by，between，among，around， round，about，in front of ， behinde.g. There are many trees around the lake.【注】表示“某地在⋯.里” 要用 in（包含关系）；表示“某地在另外一地某方向” 要用 on 或 to；如果两地有空距离（不接壤），必用 to②表示方向的介： in，into，out of，along，down，across，through，to，towards，for ，from，over，by， paste.g. You must put the dirty paper in the basket.3)表示原因的介①常用来表示原因的介有 because of，for e.g. Because of her illness my grandma stayedin bed for a week.②某些其他介也可用来表示原因，如 at，from ，with ，of e.g. The old man died of cancer.4)其他介的用法①表示手段和材料等用法的介 :with ，in，byA ．with ：和⋯在一起，有、具有，用某种工具或方法 e.g. He is playing with his children. B．in：以⋯形式，以⋯方式；用⋯言；表示衣着、声特点 e.g. She keeps a diary inEnglish.C．by：被⋯ e.g. Around the city were mountains covered by snow.②表示“由⋯.制成”的介 :of ，fromA.of ：表示成品看得出原材料 e.g. The table is made of wood.B.from ：表示成品看不出原材料 e.g. This kind of paper is made from wood.③表示其他的介 :without ， like ，as，against等A.without ：没有 e.g. He rushed to the office without having his breakfast.B.like ：像，如，跟⋯一 e.g. What ’ s he like?C.as：作 e.g. He is famous as a scientist here.D.against：靠着，反对 e.g. Don ’ t stand against the door.3.常见的介词短语1)动词 +介词look after， prepare for， agree with， listen to，wait for2)Be+形容词 +介词 be proud of，be different from，be famous for， be pleased with，be kind to， be good at，be late for，be afraid of3)名词 +介词key to，reason for， difficulty in ，progress in，way of4)固定介词搭配at the moment，by chance， by turns，for ever， in fact，on business中考题库 4介词选择题1.(2010．河北中考 ) Sally is very happy. There is a big smile her face.A. onB. toC. in D . a2.（ 2010．娄底中考）—It’ s very important us to make a plan before a new term.— Yes. You must try to make it carefully.A. ofB. forC. to3.(2010 盐·城中考 )It’ s very kind _______youThank. you for your helpA. ofB. forC. toD. on4.(2010. 内·江中考 )All of us went to the park______ Bob. He had to look after his sister.A. besidesB. withC. except5.（ 2010 自·贡中考）— We’ ll have a hiking trip, but when shall we meet?-- Let ’ s make it _________half past eight _______the morning of June 21.A. at; inB./;onC./;in6. (2010 潍·坊中考 ) The little elephant is afraid to go alone. He always walks _______his mother.A. besideB. behindC. belowD. under7（. 2010 ·南京中考） Marie Curie, the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, was born _______November,1867,in the city of Warsaw in Poland.A. atB. onC. inD. to8. (2010 上·海中考 )The famous actor often plays ________his children in the park.A. aboutB. inC. atD. with9.（ 2010 ·晋江中考）–Peter, can you tell me the differences __________ the four words?--Sorry, I don’ t know.A. betweenB. amongC. for10.（ 2010 ·成都中考）—Frank, when will the short meeting begin?--You should come _______2:30 .If you come 10 minutes ________that time ,the meeting will be over.A. at; beforeB. at; afterC. after; before11. (2009北·京中考 ) Einstein, the famous scientist, was born ______ March, 1879.A. atB. onC. inD. to12. (2009河·南中考 ) - When is Henry’ s birthday party, Lynn?-The 18th,about three o ’ clock in the afternoon.A. inB. atC. onD. to13. (2009连·云港中考 ) -What’ s the TV news______?-The Chinese Team won five gold medals at World Table Tennis Championships.A. atB. acrossC. aboveD. about14. (2009山·东中考 ) Lin Lin often practices English ______ chatting with her American friend.A. inB. byC. forD. with15.(2009 龙·岩中考 ) - Where is Taiwan, do youknow? -Why? It ’ s ______the southeast of China.A. inB. onC. to16. (2009A. at 淄·博中考 ) Tom told me his parents had arrivedB. onC. inD. toBeijing.17. (2009 宁·夏中考 ) -When will the party be held?-________ two weeks ’ time,th 15July.A. In; onB. In; inC. On; onD. At; on18. (2009黔·东南中考 ) Taiwan is a beautiful island and it’ s _________ the east of Fujian.A. inB. onC. to19. (2009泰·安中考 ) -Xiao Shenyang is so popular us.-Yeah, he is one of my favorite pop stars.A. forB. toC. withD. on20. (2009东·营中考 ) Here are some flowers ________ you ________ our best wishes.A. to; forB. for; withC. of; toD. from; to21. (2009重·庆中考 ) I got an e-mail this morning. It was _______ my foreign friend, Tony.A. inB. onC. atD. from22. (2009成·都中考 ) –Can you see some people are waiting _______ the library?-Yes. They are standing in a queue in front of its gate.A. aroundB. insideC. outside23.(2009 哈·尔滨中考 ) You can find a way to reach your goals when you are proud _______ yourself and stand tall like a sunflower.A. onB. fromC. of24.(2009 南·充中考 ) –What did you study _______university? -I didn ’ t go _______ university.A. at; toB. for; intoC. for; in25. (2009A. at 绍·兴中考 ) LindaB. in’ s teacher was so mad ________ her because she madeotsofl mistakes in thetest. C. on D. about26.(2009 施·恩中考 ) There is going to be a wonderful party ________ the evening of October1st, 2009.A. inB. onC. atD. for27.(2009 河·北中考 ) Let ’ s play table tennis ______ Tuesday morning, shall we?A. onB. inC. toD. at28.(2009 济·宁中考 ) We have been doing much better in English ________ our teacher’ s help.A. inB. toC. forD. with29.(2009 深·圳中考 ) -Which would you like, tea or coffee?-Either _________ OK, but I prefer coffee _________ milk.A. is, hasB. are, withC. is, withD. are, has30. (2009 安·徽中考 ) –Why are you standing there, Maggie?-I can’ t see blackboardth clearly. Two tall boys are sitting ______ me.A. behindB. in the front ofC. besideD. next to31. (2009A. on 漳·州中考) The young men walked ______ the forest and came to a big river at last.B. overC. throughD. across32.(2008 山·西中考 ) ________ a teacher, John thinks that his main duty is to help the students to become better learners.A. AsB. ByC. About33. (2008 临·沂中考 ) -What time will you be home?-I don A. of ’ t know. It dependsB. onthe traffic.C. forD. from34.(2008 连·云港中考 ) –Is the tie made ________silk? -Yes. It ’ s made ________ Italy.A. from, inB. of, inC. from, ofD. of, from35. (2008 巴·中中考 ) -Thank you very much ________ helping me.-Not at all.A. forB. ofC. to36. (2008 莆·田中考 ) He often borrows things ________ others, but he doesn ’tlend anything ________ anybody.A. to, fromB. from, toC. from, for37.(2008 咸·宁中考 ) -All the clerks went home ________ Mr. Wang.Why? -Because he had to finish his work.A. exceptB. besidesC. withoutD. beside38. (2008 茂·名中考A. in39. (2008 安·徽中考-Listen to music.A. over40. (2008 南·通中考A. away from41. (2008 徐·州中考A. in42. (2008 海·南中考A. in43. (2008 北·京中考 A. on44. (2008 泸·州中考 A. on45. (2008 河·北中考 A. at ) The fastest way to travel to Shanghai is _______ air .B. byC. on) –What do you often do _________ classes to relax yourself?B. amongC. betweenD. through) Our English teacher was standing ________ us so that she could hear us all clearly.B. far behindC. betweenD. among.) You can improve your English ________ reading more.B. withC. byD. of) Hainan celebrated ( 庆祝 ) her twentieth birthday _______ April 26, 2008.B. atC. on) Peter usually gets up early _________ the morning.B. inC. atD. of) The little boys go to school ________ Monday to Saturday.B. fromC. to) You must ride your bike ________ the right side of the road.B. onC. inD. for46.(2008 ·都中考成 ) When the school building began to shake, the teachers ran downstairs _________ all the students. The teachers are real heroes.A. afterB. withC. sinceD. for47. (2008芜·湖中考 ) The policeman helped the old woman _________ the road.A. aboveB. acrossC. throughD. over48. (2008芜·湖中考 ) The way we learn English is quite different ________ that we learn maths.A. fromB. offC. betweenD. with49. (2007乐·山中考 ) Many teachers believe that children learn_________ life, not just from their textbooks.A. of B from C. for D. with50. (2007重·庆中考 ) Many sportsmen are getting ready ______ the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.A. toB. withC. forD. on51. (2007杭·州中考 ) Oh, it’ s you, Ella! Your voice sounds very different ________ the phone. WhatA. fromB. inC. ofD. on52.(2007 连·云港中考 ) It is important _______ us students to make a plan ________ our studies before anew term starts.A. for, forB. of, forC. to, ofD. with, on1-5ABACB6-10ACDBB11．【解析】选 C。
连词的介词也是高考必考点，每年都保持在一至两个题目，命题形式除了单项填空外还在完形填空、语法填空、短文改错中进行考查，其考点主要涉及常用介词的用法区别，介词与动词、名词、形容词等的常见搭配，介词在特定语境中的选用和介词短语的用法等。
热点题型一并列连词例1、[2017·北京卷] —Peter, please send us postcards ________ we'll know where you have visited.—No problem.A．but B．or C．for D．so【答案】D 【解析】考查连词。
so (that) 意为“为了……，以便……”，由句意可知答案选 D。
句意：“彼得，请发给我们明信片以便我们能知道你参观过的地方。
”“没问题。
”【提分秘籍】as well as 也，又①A teacher should entert- ain as well asteach.教师不仅要教书，也要能引起学生的兴趣。
②Your brother as well as you is very kindto me.你弟弟和你对我都很好。
③We should know about why we should do itas well as how to do it in learning.在学习的过程中，我们不但要知其然，更应知其所(1)连接两个并列成分作主语时，句子的谓语动词应与前面那个名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)与汉语语序不尽相同。
它所强调的是前者。
however可是，尽管如此①He knew what he want- ed，however, hedidn’t know how to get it.他知道他需要什么，但不知道怎样去得到它。
②However，we’ll look into the matter.不过我们会调查此事的。
可置于句首、句中、常用逗号与分句隔开。
考点04 介词和介词短语与数词（重难考点精讲练）介词在英语中比较活跃，在高考中，对介词的考查主要集中在语法填空和短文改错题型中，考查点为常见介词如，from,to, on, in, with, by, at, of , on 等等的基本用法上。
语法填空中介词的考查形式为非提示词型，短文改错中介词的考查包括介词的误用以及多词少词。
预计2023年高考对介词的考查将不再局限于单个介词，将会更加注重对介词基本用法和固定搭配中的介词的考查。
在短文改错中，主要考查对介词的误用。
数词1. 掌握主要介词的常见用法及易混介词的辨析；2. 掌握介词与其他词所构成的一些固定短语；3. 掌握在定语从句中介词的使用情况。
一、介词介词的分类分类特点例词简单介词即一个介词about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on等等。
合成介词由两个介词构成合成词into, onto, throughout, upon, within短语介词由短语构成according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to等等。
双重介词由两个介词搭配而成from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between等等。
分词介词由现在分词转化而来considering(就……而论), including，regarding，concerning等。
兼类介词由形容词直接转化而来like, unlike, near, next, opposite等等。
考向一、介词短语的功能介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
A.Prep(介词)—except的用法首先except和besides的区别较明显。
前者表示“包括…在外”，后者表示“包括…在内”；其次，要注意except和except for以及except加介词短语及联接词的区别。
请看下面题目：1.–Do you have any more of these briefcases?--I’m sorry that we’ve sold all ___ this one.a. besidesb. exceptc. besided. except for2.The theatre has been booked up___ a few seats in the stalls.a. exceptb. besidesc. except ford. but3. The professor seldom goes anywhere ___ his lab room.a. exceptb. except toc. except ford. except in4.Perhaps Mr. Hunt er can’t spare any time ___ Sunday.a. exceptb. except forc. except ond. besides5.I know nothing about the young lady ___ she is from Beijing. ( 00年上海卷).a. exceptb. except forc. except thatd. except when6.He goes to the stadium to watch a football match every weekend ___he has to work.a. exceptb. except forc. except thatd. except when7.I know nothing about the accident ___ I read in the paper.a. except forb. except thatc. except whend. except what8.___ John, the whole class passed the test.a. Exceptb. Except forc. Butd. Besides[解析] except ‘除…之外，不包括在内’，表示相同项目类别的对比和限制。
第八讲构词法李仕才读语篇，悟语法。
反复朗读下列短文，领悟画线黑体部分。
思考：画线的单词有什么特点？各种前缀如何用？各种前缀表示什么意思？单词加了前缀后词性有没有变化？John and his father never agree on one thing, so they often disapprove[1]of each other, for there was some misunderstanding[2] between them. Once, John and his parents went to his aunt’s home for dinner. When they left after dinner, John said “Bye－bye！”to his aunt in a low voice. However, his father didn’t hear it and he thought John misbehaved[3]himself for it was impolite[4]to leave without saying goodbye.John insisted that he did say it, but his father didn’t listen to him. From then on, John was unfriendly[5] to his father, which made his father extremely unhappy[6]. Undoubtedly[7], it is unwise[8] of John to do so. After all, they are father and son. His father sent him to a class of manners to enrich[9]his knowledge of manners, which his father believed would enable[10]him to be a good－mannered boy. John’s father said he was angry at his son’s dishonesty[11]，which would certainly endanger[12]his future. His father’s nonstop[13]nonsense caused John much discomfort[14]. John had to go to the class. Later on，he did everything against his father’s will.1.dis－表示“相反或否定”意义的前缀。
基础一练夯实练基础小试牛刀Ⅰ.词汇知识1．(2018·辽宁卷)The accident caused some ________ to my car, but it's nothing serious.A. harmB. injuryC. ruinD. damage答案与解析 D 句意：这场事故对我的车造成了一些损害，但并不很严重。
damage是指损害不严重，可修复，由句意可知D项正确。
harm常用作do harm to; injury常指伤害、受伤等；ruin“完全破坏；废墟”，均不符合句意。
2．A group of soldiers with water and food were sent to ________ the farmers trapped in the cave.A. viewB. organizeC. rescueD. settle答案与解析 C 句意：一组士兵带着水和食物前去营救陷于洞穴中的农民。
rescue“援救；营救”，符合句意。
view“观看；注视”；organize“组织；成立”；settle“使定居；安排；解决”。
3．(2018·武穴中学月考)Some parents are just too protective. They want to ________their kids from every kind of danger, real or imaginary.A. benefitB. removeC. shelterD. distinguish答案与解析 C 句意：一些父母太过于保护。
他们想保护他们的孩子免受各种危险，包括真实的或虚构的。
shelter ... from ...“保护……免受……”，符合句意。
benefit“有益于”；remove“移开”；distinguish“区分；辨别”。
4．The moment she heard the news that her baby was lost, she ________ tears.A. recovered fromB. burst intoC. broke outD. suffered from答案与解析 B burst into为固定搭配，意思是“突然爆发”，后常跟tears, laughter等名词作宾语。
第四讲介词李仕才第一课时知识过关课读语篇，悟语法。
反复朗读下列短文，领悟画线黑体部分。
思考：什么词前用介词；有哪几类介词；介词的搭配要注意什么。
Born in[1]Beijing, Yuan Longping graduated from[2]Southwest Agricultural College in China in[3]1953, and since[4]his graduation he has devoted himself to[5]agriculturaleducation and research. His pioneering research has helped rid China of[6] hunger within[7] three decades. In 1973, in[8] cooperation with others, he was able to cultivate a type of hybrid rice species which had great advantages over[9] others and whose output would increase by[10] 20 percent than that of common ones. With[11] higher yields than previous varieties, Professor Yuan’s new crop，regarded as[12] the fifth invention after[13]China’s Four Major Inventions, has quickly improved China’s food suppl y. Without[14]any hesitation, he shared his knowledge and technology with foreign scientists, so farmers in more than ten other countries besides[15]China have thus benefited from[16]his work, gaining access to[17] his technology. In[18] return, he was awarded many international awards for his great achievements. In his spare time, Dr. Yuan loves playing the violin and listening to music. Every night，he reads for[19] half an hour about[20] various topics before he goes to sleep. But he cares for nothing more than his research and he goes to the fields twice a day by[21] motorbike, which has left a strong impression on[22] us.1.in地点介词，在某个城市、国家等范围较大的地点前用in；小地点，如station，airport，corner等前面常用at。
第四讲介词李仕才第一课时知识过关课读语篇，悟语法。
反复朗读下列短文，领悟画线黑体部分。
思考：什么词前用介词；有哪几类介词；介词的搭配要注意什么。
Born in[1]Beijing, Yuan Longping graduated from[2]Southwest Agricultural College in China in[3]1953, and since[4]his graduation he has devoted himself to[5]agriculturaleducation and research. His pioneering research has helped rid China of[6] hunger within[7] three decades. In 1973, in[8] cooperation with others, he was able to cultivate a type of hybrid rice species which had great advantages over[9] others and whose output would increase by[10] 20 percent than that of common ones. With[11] higher yields than previous varieties, Professor Yuan’s new crop，regarded as[12] the fifth invention after[13]China’s Four Major Inventions, has quickly improved China’s food supply. Without[14]any hesitation, he shared his knowledge and technology with foreign scientists, so farmers in more than ten other countries besides[15]China have thus benefited from[16]his work, gaining access to[17] his technology. In[18] return, he was awarded many international awards for his great achievements. In his spare time, Dr. Yuan loves playing the violin and listening to music. Every night，he reads for[19] half an hour about[20] various topics before he goes to sleep. But he cares for nothing more than his research and he goes to the fields twice a day by[21] motorbike, which has left a strong impression on[22] us.1.in地点介词，在某个城市、国家等范围较大的地点前用in；小地点，如station，airport，corner等前面常用at。
2.从某所学校毕业用graduated from。
3.年、月前用in。
4.since“自……以后，从……以来”，表示某情况自过去某时间点或某个事件以来一直持续到现在，谓语动词通常使用完成时。
5.介词to与动词devote构成词组devote oneself to表示“某人致力于某事”。
6.rid sb of表示“使某人摆脱”。
7.介词within后面接一段时间，表示“不超过，在……的范围内”。
8.固定搭配in cooperation with表示“与……合作”。
9.固定搭配have advantages over表示“比……有优势”。
10.by后接数量词，表示……的幅度。
11.with表示“有”。
12.as表示“作为”。
13.after表示“在……之后”。
14.词组without any hesitation表示“毫不犹豫地”。
15.besides表示“除了……外，还”。
16.benefit from表示“从……中受益”。
17.access后常接介词to构成词组access to表示“可获得/利用某物或到达某地”。
18.in return，表示“反过来，作为报答”。
19.for表示某事持续了一段时间。
20.about关于；在……方面。
21.by乘(交通工具)。
22.leave a strong impression on sb给某人留下深刻的印象Ⅰ.单句填空(请填入1个适当的单词)1.So, I just looked at her with a questioning expression on my face.2.During the winter, they remind themselves，“This won’t last long; we’ll soon be out of here.” And on the first warm day, the ants are out.3.The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered what the boy would do.4.I didn’t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him on his own either.5.His teacher took a deep drink and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home with a happy heart.6.Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes on sale.7.When Jane got home, with her small but well－chosen present in her bag, her parents were already at table having supper.8.He was very tired after/from doing this for a whole day.9.I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honour of receiving me as a guest in their house.10.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused her.11.I once took a walk along the street on a Saturday dusk，with a Pepsi can in myhand.12.We should take some measures to fight against pollution.13.During one visit to the Pacific islands of Tonga, a specially－prepared dinner was arranged in her honour.14.We’d better discuss everything in detail before we work out the plan.15.Try on this red skirt; you will look great in it.Ⅱ.单句改错(下列每句中最多有两处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改，请指出并改正。
)1.I worked like a postman for a short time, but I am afraid of dogs and I had a lot of trouble.like→as2.No sooner had I got off my bicycle than a large dog ran towards the gate, barking loudly to me.to→at3.The terrible－looking dog picked the card immediately and carried it in the house. The dog was a good postman.in→into4.In a very cold and windy morning, Miss Jones walked to the school, and the cold wind went into her eyes, and big tears began rolling out of them.In→On5.In my surprise, two fire engines were outside my house.In→To6.I told about the firemen that it was my careless cooking that caused the heavy smoke.去掉about7.Paddy and I wanted to go off for help, but Mike insisted staying near the car.在insisted后加on8.Japan is known for the land of the cherry blossom (樱花) because of in the spring of the year the cherry trees are so beautiful.for→as；去掉because后的of9.As is known by all, the Internet is playing a more and more important part on our daily life.by→to；on→in10.Under his help, I have made rapid progress and caught up the class.Under→With；在caught__up后加withⅢ.翻译句子1.通过这样做，我不仅能与其他人更好地交流，而且变得开朗了。
