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【最新整理，下载后即可编辑】高考英语二轮专题复习短文改错教案一、教学内容及设计理念本节课的主要内容围绕“短文改错的技能和做题技巧”这一主题展开活动。
高考英语中，短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性英语试题，它要求考生在阅读的基础上，综合运用语言知识，根据上下文的理解找出错误，再按题目所规定的要求加以改正。
高考短文改错设置的考点灵活多变，知识层次多，覆盖面广，包括词法，句法，行文逻辑及语篇结构等，是一种在较高层次上考察学生对英语只是的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。
新的改错题型，错误散落在短文中，共十处，以句子为单位，这就要求学生浏览全文，掌握大意，分句阅读，逐行找错，检查核对，攻克难点，更注重整篇文章的连贯性逻辑性，短文改错题一直是学生考试中的弱项。
为了提高学生做短文改错的能力，除了要加强基础知识的积累，提高语篇的整体理解能力之外，还应该让学生对其错题设置的基本情况有所了解，这样才能有的放矢，提高解题的正确率。
本课的设计思路：归纳----理论----技巧方法----练习实践二、学情分析教学对象为高三学生,学生虽然已经做过多次短文改错,但由于基础薄弱,知识点掌握不牢靠,不能正确找错,导致学生在做题过程中仍然不能正确解题,得分率低。
在教学过程中，教师注意提高学生学习的兴趣，并根据学生基础设题，争取在有限的时间内提高学生的做题方法与做题策略，帮助学生掌握短文改错的基本方法和基本思路。
三、教学目标的确立及依据1、基础知识目标：（1）了解近年高考短文改错考点分布。
（2）了解高考短文改错试题结构。
即：设置10项判断，其中有多词，少词和错词三项。
答题时，遵循考试答题要求。
（3）掌握做短文改错的方法，并运用到实际学习中。
2、能力训练目标：（1）提升学生识别错误并正确校正语篇的能力。
（2）提升学生理解语篇及上下文逻辑的能力。
（3）提升学生综合运用英语知识的能力。
3、情感创新素质目标：培养学生在习题中总结归纳的能力。
第五节代词和介词(短语)考向分析题型一关于代词和介词(短语)的语法填空1．Nervously facing challenges，I know I will whisper to (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”．(2019·北京)答案myself解析考查代词。
句意为：焦虑不安地面临挑战时，我知道我将轻声对自己说：“做你自己。
”此处whisper to这一动作的发出者和承受者为同一人，宾语要用反身代词。
故填myself。
2．A study shows the students who are engaged in afterschool activities are happier than (that) who are not.(2019·天津)答案those解析考查代词。
句意为：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。
空格处代词对应the students，是复数，故填those。
3．Running is cheap，easy and it’s always energetic.If you are time poor，you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports，so perhaps we should all give a try.(2018·全国Ⅰ)答案running/it解析考查名词或代词。
此处号召我们尝试一下这种运动，因此可以填名词running，也可以用it指代。
give sth.a try尝试一下某事。
4．When the gorillas(大猩猩) and I frightened each other，I was just glad to find (they) alive.(2018·全国Ⅲ)答案them解析考查代词之人称代词。
第二章短文改错高考短文改错题着重考查考生的语言基本功和正确使用英语进行表达的能力。
此题型不仅要求考生牢固掌握一定的词汇和语法知识，还要求考生具有一定的阅读理解和逻辑推理能力。
它是针对考生平时学习英语过程中，尤其是在写作中常犯的错误而设计的，考生在平时写作中常出现的错误是短文改错考查的重点。
近两年全国卷命题视角项目2016 2015Ⅰ卷Ⅱ卷Ⅲ卷Ⅰ卷Ⅱ卷考点分布名词 1 1 1 1 1动词 2 4 2 3 3形容词0 0 2 2 0副词 1 0 1 0 2代词 1 3 2 1 1连词 2 1 0 1 0介词 1 0 1 1 1冠词 1 1 1 1 1从句 1 0 0 0 1 类型错词8 8 8 8 8少词 1 1 1 1 1多词 1 1 1 1 1 [短文改错通常从词法、句法和行文逻辑三个角度设题，要求考生识别并纠正短文中的语言知识错误。
短文改错的错误类型有多词、缺词和错词三种，在文章的10个错误中，以错词设计为主导。
Passage 1(2016·全国Ⅰ卷)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.Though not very big ，but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time.Instead ，he hopes that our business will grow steady.答案：My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to thatwhere I live. Though not verybig,the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customersat meal times. Some people even hadhave to wait outside. My uncle tells me that thekey to his success is honest honesty . Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables orandhigh quality oil areusingusedfor cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the a short period of time. Instead, he hopes that ourhisbusiness will grow steadysteadily.Passage 2(2016·全国Ⅱ卷)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
第二部分语法精析第一节谓语动词(动词的时态和语态、主谓一致)考向分析题型一关于谓语动词的语法填空Tip 1辨明时态标志词1.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements...(2019·全国Ⅰ)答案have reported解析考查时态和主谓一致。
根据时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，主语为some Inuit people，故填have reported。
2．Irene said，“I don’t see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I (make) over the years...”(2019·全国Ⅱ)答案have made解析考查动词的时态。
根据定语从句中的时间状语over the years可知，此处用现在完成时态。
故填have made。
3.Since 2011，the country (grow) more corn than rice.(2018·全国Ⅱ)答案has grown解析考查时态和主谓一致。
由时间状语since 2011可知，句子用现在完成时，主语the country 是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用has grown。
4．The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government(start) a soiltesting program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011，fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.(2018·全国Ⅱ)答案started解析考查时态。
题组(一)Ⅰ.语法填空(2021·长春监测二)On the first day of her work, Sally found that a class full of problems was waiting for her. She was told six teachers __1__ (quit) before her. When she walked into the classroom, it was chaos: two boys were fighting in a corner, yet __2__ rest of the class seemed not to notice them; some girls were chatting and some were running about with paper, food packages and other garbage __3__ (leave) everywhere.Sally walked onto the platform, __4__ (pick) up a piece of chalk and wrote on the blackboard：“Rule 1：We are a family！” All students stopped __5__ (look) at her. And she continued with Rule 2, Rule 3... In the following weeks, Sally worked out 10 class rules and posted them __6__ the wall of the classroom. She patiently explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them.__7__ (surprise), Sally was not driven out like the former teachers; __8__， she won respect from the students. Over the years, she has witnessed gradual changes in the class. At the graduation ceremony, just __9__ she expected, she was very proud to stand with a class of care, manners and __10__ (confident)．体裁：记叙文题材：文化训练主题：课堂规章【语篇导读】本文叙述了一名老师通过努力制定课堂规章，最终感化同学的故事。
题型二短文改错一、动词形式动词形式的错误设置一般包括以下三个方面：1．动词的时态和语态错误。
2．主、谓不一致的错误。
3．非谓语动词的误用。
[典例1]One was that...And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.(2019·全国Ⅱ)[is→was考查动词的时态。
整篇文章使用的都是一般过去时，且上文中的“One was that...”用的也是一般过去时，所以最后一句话时态应为一般过去时。
这里讲述当时做决定时的原因。
故将is改为was。
][典例2]Now my dream is to opens a cafe.Though it may appear simple，it required a lot of ideas and efforts.(2019·全国Ⅲ)[opens→open不定式作表语，to后用动词原形。
故把opens改为open。
required→requires后一句考查动词的时态。
短文的主体时态是一般现在时。
故把required 改为requires。
][典例3]I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.(2019·全国Ⅰ) [interesting→interested考查形容词。
短语become interested in意为“变得对……感兴趣”。
interesting有趣的，吸引人的，通常描述事物；interested感兴趣的，通常描述人的感受。
本句主语是人，故把interesting改为interested。
][典例4]If I succeed in manage one，I will open more.(2019·全国Ⅲ)[manage→managing考查非谓词动词。
succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。
]二、名词的数名词单复数的错误设置一般包括以下三个方面：1．可数名词单复数的错用：一般考查错把复数用作单数，有时也考查错把单数用作复数。
2．不可数名词单复数的错用：不可数名词没有复数形式。
3．可数名词与不可数名词混淆：有些词既可用作可数名词也可用作不可数名词，应注意具体语境。
解题时要理清可数与不可数名词之间的区别与联系；记清一些用于固定词组中名词的特殊用法。
[典例5]All the football player on the playground cheered loudly，saying that I had a talent for football.(2019·全国Ⅰ)[player→players“player(运动员)”为可数名词，所以all(所有的)后需要用player的复数形式。
故将player改为players。
][典例6]Since I was a kid，I’ve considered different job I would like to do.(2019·全国Ⅱ) [job→jobs“job(工作；职业)”为可数名词，用different(不同的)修饰时意思为不同种类的工作，应该用名词的复数形式。
故将job改为jobs。
][典例7]I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city.(2019·全国Ⅲ)[city→cities many different后跟可数名词的复数形式。
故把city改为cities。
]三、注意形和副形容词和副词的错误设置一般包括以下两个方面：1．形容词和副词的误用。
2．原级、比较级和最高级的误用。
[典例8]I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.(2019·全国Ⅰ)[hardly→hard“hard(用力地)”与“hardly(几乎不)”都为副词，但是词义不同。
此处表示“我用力把球踢回操场”，故将hardly改为hard。
][典例9]First，I wanted to be a fireman，whose uniform looked so coolly.(2019·全国Ⅱ) [coolly→cool句中的look为系动词，系动词后需用形容词作表语。
故将coolly改为cool。
] [典例10]One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.(2019·全国Ⅱ)[amazing→amazed amazed吃惊的，惊讶的；amazing令人吃惊的，令人惊讶的。
v.ed形容词说明人的感受，意为“感到……的”；v.ing形容词描述人或事物本身具有的特征，意为“令人……的”，此处说明主语I的感受，故用v.ed形式的形容词。
][典例11]What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.(2019·全国Ⅲ) [ordinarily→ordinary修饰名词cafe应用形容词。
故把ordinarily改为ordinary。
]四、代词的格与数代词的错误设置一般包括以下两个方面：1．人称代词、物主代词、反身代词等。
2．不定代词的误用及混用。
[典例12]In the cafe，customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them.(2019·全国Ⅲ)[yourselves→themselves此处指代主语customers，故把yourselves改为themselves。
]五、介词短语须关注介词的错误设置主要考查介词短语和习惯用法的搭配。
[典例13]I want my cafe to have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty”．(2019·全国Ⅲ) [删除like such as和like都表示“例如”，句意重复。
故把like删除。
]六、连词、从句常光顾1．连词but，and，or，because，so的用法错误考生应认真分析句子结构，如果是并列句或复合句，要特别注意前后分句或主从句的关系，确保在意义和结构上通顺流畅。
[典例14]Suddenly a football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.(2019·全国Ⅰ)[but→and“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系，不是转折关系。
故将but改为and。
][典例15]When I studied chemistry in high school，I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.(2019·全国Ⅱ)[or→and reconsidered my goal和decided to be a doctor之间为顺承关系，并非选择关系，故将or改为and。
]2．各大从句细揣摩[典例16]One afternoon where I was in primary school，I was walking by the school playground.(2019·全国Ⅰ) [where→when本句含有一个定语从句，先行词为One afternoon，且引导词在从句中作时间高中英语讲义状语，应用关系副词when。
故把where改为when。
]1(2019·河北唐山冲刺三)Phil was a traveling salesman and he enjoyed drink alcohol very much.One day ，he went to a strange town and spend the evening in a small restaurant.He ’d drunk quite a lot and had just come out of the restaurant as he saw another men in the middle of the road.The other man had been in the restaurant ，either.And he had drunk even more than Phil had.He ’d obviously seen something strangely in the sky because of he was pointing up.“Excuse me ，” the man asked Phil ，“is that the sun and the moon ？” Phil looked at it for a second and then said ，“I ’m afraid I can ’t help him.I ’m also stranger here myself.”答案Phil was a traveling salesman and he enjoyeddrink drinking alcohol very much.One day ，he went to a strange town and spend spentthe evening in a small restaurant.He ’d drunk quite a lot and had just come out of the restaurantas when he saw another men man in the middle of the road.The other man had been in the restaurant ，either too.And he had drunk even more than Phil had.He ’d obviously seen something strangely strangein the sky because of he was pointing up.“Excuse me ，” the man asked Phil ，“is that the sunand or the moon ？” Phil looked at it for a second and then said ，“I ’m afraid I can ’t help him you.I ’m also ∧a stranger here myself.” 2(2019·辽宁实验中学模拟)I have lots of hobbies，like skating，painting，and surfing the Internet，and so work is now wide used in people’s life.I can do such things as making friends，playing games and studying online，that greatly enrich my work has changed the way we live and makes our life easy than before.Skating is a good way to exercise and it’s beneficial to our healthy，but I like painting best.My parents encourage me enjoy the painting process and the beauty of art.If my painting technique is not good，I really devote me to it.And I truly believe I would absolutely be the painter in the future.答案I have lots of hobbies，like skating，painting，and surfing the Internet，and so work isnowwidewidely used in people’s life.I can do such things as making friends，playing games andstudying online，thatwhich greatly enrich my work has changed the way we live and makes ourlifeeasyeasier than before.Skating is a good way to exercise and it’s beneficial to ourhealthyhealth，but Ilike painting best.My parents encourage me ∧to enjoy the painting process and the beauty ofart.IfThough/Although/While my painting technique is not good，I really devotememyself to it.And Itruly believe I wouldwill absolutely bethea painter in the future.第一处：考查并列宾语。
