2018年山东科技大学841曲式与作品分析考研真题试题试卷

山东科技大学2018年全国硕士研究生招生考试基础英语试卷PART I GRAMMAR&VOCABULARY(20points)Directions:There are20incomplete sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.1.The newly-built Science Building seems________enough to last a hundred years.A)spacious B)sophisticated C)substantial D)ready2.Once you get to know your mistakes,you should______them as soon as possible.A)rectify B)reclaim C)refrain D)reckon3.The circus has always been very popular because it______both the old and the young.A)immerses B)indulges C)fascinates D)facilitates4.These melodious folk songs are generally_____to Smith,a very important musician of the century.A)devoted B)contributed C)composed D)ascribed5.Some of the words employed by Shakespeare in his works have become_______and are no longerused in the present days.A)obsolete B)obscene C)obvious D)oblique6.Nancy’s gone to work but her car’s still there.She______by bus.A)should have goneB)must have goneC)ought to have goneD)could have gone7.After______seemed an endless wait,it was his turn to enter the personnel manager’s office.A)that B)it C)what D)there8.I hope all the precautions against air pollution,_____suggested by the local government,will beseriously considered here.A)while B)since C)after D)as9._______that should be given priority to.A)It is what has the government decidedB)It is what the government has decidedC)It is only the government has decidedD)It is the government has decided10.Mobility is one of the characteristics often______executives,and they must accustom themselvesto moving quite regularly.A)demanded of B)asked for C)expected from D)called for11.I found it difficult to______my career ambitions with the need to bring up my children.A)consolidate B)intensify C)amend D)reconcile12.While crossing the mountain area,all the men carried guns lest they_______by wild animals.A)should be attackedB)had been attackedC)must be attackedD)would be attacked13.I am surprised_______this city is a dull place to live in.A)that you would thinkB)that you should thinkC)by what you are thinkingD)with what you were thinking14.Living in the western part of the country has its problems,______obtaining fresh water is not theleast.A)with which B)for which C)of which D)which15.Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field,he succeeded_____othermore well-informed experimenters failed.A)which B)that C)what D)where16.“May I speak to your manager Mr.Williams at five o’clock tonight?”“I’m sorry.Mr.Williams______to a conference long before then.”A)will have gone B)had gone C)would have gone D)has gone17.It was recommended that passengers_____smoke during the flight.A)not B)need not C)could not D)would not18.It’s amazing that two researchers working independently made the same discovery_____.A)spontaneously B)simultaneously C)collaboratively D)conscientiously19.He could produce no evidence_______his argument.A)in respect of B)in view of C)in support of D)on account of20.You must either_____to the rules or leave the schoo1.A)contempt B)contend C)conform D)confrontPART II READING COMPREHENSION(40points)Directions:There are four passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and write the answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions21to25are based on the following passage.Everybody loves a fat pay rise.Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one.Indeed,if he has a reputation for slacking,you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as“all too human”,with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance.But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta,Georgia,which has just been published in Nature,suggests that it is all too monkey,as well.The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys.They look cute.They are good-natured,co-cooperative creatures,and they share their food readily.Above all,like their femalehuman counterparts they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of“goods and services”than males.Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr.Brosnan’s and Dr.de Waal’s study.The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food.Normally,the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber.However,when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers,so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock,their behaviour became markedly different.In the world of capuchins,grapes are luxury goods(and much preferable to cucumbers).So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token,the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber.And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all,the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber,or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.Indeed,the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber(without an actual monkey to eat it)was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys,like humans,are guided by social emotions.In the wild,they are a co-operative,group-living species.Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.Feelings of righteous indignation,it seems,are not the preserve of people alone.Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group.However,whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans,or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had35million years ago,is, as yet,an unanswered question.21.In the opening paragraph,the author introduces his topic by_______A)posing a contrast B)justifying an assumptionC)making a comparison D)explaining a phenomenon22.The statement“it is all too monkey”(Last line,Paragraph1)implies that_______A)monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals.B)resenting unfairness is also monkeys’nature.C)monkeys,like humans,tend to be jealous of each other.D)no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions.23.Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are_______A)more inclined to weigh what they get.B)attentive to researchers’instructions.C)nice in both appearance and temperament.D)more generous than their male companions.24.Dr.Brosnan and Dr.de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys________A)prefer grapes to cucumbers.B)can be taught to exchange things.C)will not be co-operative if feeling cheated.D)are unhappy when separated from others.25.When can we infer from the last paragraph?A)Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.B)Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.C)Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.D)Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.Questions26to30are based on the following passage.“Masterpieces are dumb”wrote Flaubert.“They have a tranquil aspect like the very products of nature,like large animals and mountains.”He might have been thinking of War and Peace,that vast, silent work,unfathomable and simple,provoking endless questions through the majesty of its being. Tolstoy’s simplicity is“overpowering,”says the critic Bayley,“disconcerting,”because it comes from “his casual assumption that the world is as he sees it”;like other19th century Russian writers he is “impressive”because he“means what he says.”But he stands apart from all others and from most Western writers in his identity with life,which is so complete as to make us forget he is an artist.He is the center of his work,but his egocentricity is of a special kind.“Goethe,for example,”says Bayley,“cared for nothing but himself.”Tolstoy was nothing but himself.For all his varied modes of writing and the multiplicity of characters in his fiction,Tolstoy and his work are of a piece.The famous“conversion”of his middle years,movingly recounted in his Confession, was a culmination of his early spiritual life,not a departure from it.The apparently fundamental changes that led from epic narrative to dogmatic parable,from a joyous,buoyant attitude toward life to pessimism and cynicism,from War and Peace to The Kreutzer Sonata,came from the same restless, impressionable depths of an independent spirit yearning to get at the truth of its experience.“Truth is my hero,”wrote Tolstoy in his youth,reporting the fighting in Sebastopol.Truth remained his hero-his own, not others’truth.Others were awed by Napoleon,believed that a single man could change the destinies of nations,adhered to meaningless rituals,formed their tastes on established canons of art.Tolstoy reversed all preconceptions,and in every reversal he overthrew the“system”,the“machine,”the externally ordained belief,the conventional behavior in favor of unsystematic,impulsive life,of inward motivation and the solutions of independent thought.In his work the artificial and genuine are always exhibited in dramatic opposition:the supposedly great Napoleon and the truly great,unregarded little Captain Tushin,or Nicholas Rostov’s actual experience in battle and his later account for it.The simple is always pitted against the elaborate. Knowledge gained from observation against assertions of borrowed faiths.Tolstoy’s magical simplicity is a produce of these tensions;his work is a record of the questions he put to himself and of his fiction exemplify this search,and their happiness depends on the measure of their answer.Tolstoy wanted happiness,but only hard-won happiness,that emotional fulfillment and intellectual clarity which could come only as the price of all-consuming effort.He scorned lesser satisfaction.26.Which of the following can best summarize Flaubert’s statement in the first paragraph?A)The most important aspects of good art are the orderliness and tranquility.B)Masterpieces seem ordinary and unremarkable from the perspective of a later age.C)Important works of art take their place in the pageant of history with uniqueness.D)Great works of art do not explain themselves any more than natural objects do.27.The author quotes from Bayley to show that Tolstoy________A)writes novels that are reports of copying actual events.B)maintains no self-conscious distance from his experience.C)often writes his works in a quite simple way.D)works casually to make his works with inexplicable truth.28.What’s the author’s attitude towards Tolstoy?A)She deprecates the cynicism of his later works.B)She finds him theatrically artificial.C)She admires his wholehearted sincerity.D)She thinks his inconsistency disturbing.29.According to the passage,Tolstoy’s conversion is_______A)a radical renunciation of the world.B)the natural consequence of his early beliefs.C)the acceptance of a religion he had rejected.D)the rejection of avant-garde ideas.30.We can infer the following from the passage EXCEPT that______A)Confession belongs to an early period of Tolstoy’s work.B)in his works Tolstoy might express his discontent to the society.C)the hero wouldn’t obtain happiness if he couldn’t get the answer.D)the easily-obtained happiness is rejected by Tolstoy.Questions31to35are based on the following passage.In most sectors of the economy,it is the seller who attempts to act a potential buyer with various inducements of price,quality,and utility,and it is the buyer who makes the decision.In the health care industry,however,the doctor-patient relationship is a mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer.Once an individual has chosen to see a physician,the physician usually makes all significant purchasing decisions:whether the patient should return“next Wednesday”,whether X-rays are needed,whether drugs should be prescribed,etc.This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care.The physician must certify the need for hospitalization,determine what procedures will be performed,and announce when the patient may be discharged.The patient maybe consulted about some of these decisions,but in the main it is the doctor’s judgments that are final.Little wonder then that in the eyes of the hospital it is the physician who is the real“consumer”.As a consequence,the medical staff represents the“power center”in hospital policy and decision-making,not the administration.Although usually,there are in this situation four identifiable participants—the physician,the hospital,the patient and the payer(generally an insurance carrier or government)—the physician makes the essential decision for all of them.The hospital becomes an extension of the physician;the payer generally meets most of the bona fide bills generated by the physician/hospital;and for the most part, the patient plays a passive role.In routine or minor illnesses,or just plain worries,the patient’s options are,of course,much greater with respect to use and price.But in illnesses that are of some significance, such choice tends to evaporate.And it is for these illness that the bulk of the health care dollar is spent.We estimate that about75~80percent of health care expenditures are determined by physicians,not patients.For this reason,economy measures directed at patients or the general public are relatively ineffective.31.In this passage,the author’s primary purpose is to________.A)criticize doctor for exercising too much control over patientB)analyze some important economic factors in health careC)urge hospitals to reclaim their decision-making authorityD)inform potential patient of their health care rights32.It can be inferred that doctors are able to determine hospital policies because________.A)it is doctors who generate income for the hospitalB)most of a patient’s bills are paid by his health insuranceC)a doctor is ultimately responsible for a patient’s healthD)administrations lack the expertise to question medical decisions33.According to the author,when a doctor tells a patient to“return next Wednesday”,the doctor is ineffect________.A)taking advantage of the patient’s concern for his healthB)instructing the patient to buy more medical serviceC)warning the patient that a hospital stay might be necessaryD)advising the patient to seek a second opinion34.The author is most probably leading up to________.A)a proposal to control medical costB)a discussion of new medical treatmentC)a comparison of hospitals and factoriesD)an analysis of causes inflation in the U.S.35.The tone of the author can be best described as_________.A)whimsicalB)cautiousC)analyticalD)inquisitiveQuestions36to40are based on the following passage.In order to tell what I believe,I must briefly sketch something of my personal history.The turning point of my life was my decision to give up a promising business career and study music.My parents,although sympathetic,and sharing my love of music,disapproved of it as a profession.This was understandable in view of the family background.My grandfather had taught music for nearly forty years at Springhill College in Mobile and,though much beloved and respected in the community,earned barely enough to provide for his large family.My father often said it was only the hardheaded thriftiness of my grandmother that kept the wolf at bay.As a consequence of this example in the family,the very mention of music as a profession carried with it a picture of a precarious existence with uncertain financial rewards.My parents insisted upon college instead of a conservatory of music,and to college I went—quite happily,as I remember,for although I loved my violin and spent most of my spare time practicing,I had many other interests.Before my graduation form Columbia,the family met with severe financial reverses and I felt it my duty to leave college and take a job.Thus I launched upon a business career—which I always think of as the wasted years.Now I do not for a moment mean to disparage business.My whole point is that it was not for me.I went into it for money,and aside from the satisfaction of being able to help the family,money is all I got out of it.It was not enough.I felt that life was passing me by.From being merely discontented I became acutely miserable.My one ambition was to save enough to quit and go to Europe to study music.I used to get up at dawn to practice before I left for“downtown”,distracting my poor mother by bolting a hasty breakfast at the last minute.Instead of lunching with my business associates,I would seek out some cheap café,order a meager meal and scribble my harmony exercises.I continued to make money,and finally,bit by bit,accumulated enough to enable me to go abroad.The family being once more solvent, and my help no longer necessary,I resigned from my position and,feeling like a man released from jail, sailed for Europe.I stayed four years,worked harder than I had ever dreamed of working before and enjoyed every minute of it.“Enjoyed”is too mild a word.I walked on air.I really lived.I was a free man and I was doing what I loved to do and what I was meant to do.If I had stayed in business,I might be a comparatively wealthy man today,but I do not believe I would have made a success of living.I would have given up all those intangibles,those inner satisfactions,that money can never buy,and that are too often sacrificed when a man’s primary goal is financial success.When I broke away from business,it was against the advice of practically all my friends and family. So conditioned are most of us to the association of success with money that the thought of giving up a good salary for an idea seemed little short of insane.If so,all I can say is“Gee!It’s great to be crazy.”Money is a wonderful thing,but it is possible to pay too high a price for it.36.What is the rhetoric device used in the sentence“it was only the hardheaded thriftiness of mygrandmother that kept the wolf at bay”in Paragraph Two?A)Synecdoche B)SimileC)Personification D)Metaphor37.The point of Paragraph Four is about_______A)how painfully the author endured his business career for his goal of music.B)how boring the author’s business career was that he could not wait to quit.C)how busy the author’s business career was that he rarely had good breakfasts.D)how depressed the author felt because he had to support the whole family.38.The sentence“I walked on air”in Paragraph Five indicates that the author______A)could not find his place in a totally new environment.B)felt at loss when beginning a new life away from home.C)was exceedingly happy because he had quitted his job which he didn’t like to do.D)felt elevated and optimistic because he was doing what he loved to do.39.According to the author’s view,money is_______A)nothing but impediment to success.B)valuable but not the most important.C)sometimes equaled to success.D)capable of offering people freedom.40.To the author,the real success in his life is_______A)to help his family out of financial trouble.B)to earn enough money so as to do what he wants to do.C)to gain inner satisfaction from what he loves to do.D)to work hard and try to enjoy the work itself.PART III TRANSLATION(50points)SECTION A:CHINESE TO ENGLISH(25points)Read the following passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into English.哲学家有些不食人间烟火，他远离田野车间，甚至也不拿天文望远镜观察天体，而只是坐在静谧的书斋里读书、思考，思索那些具有终极意义、虚无缥缈的本体问题。

北京工业大学
2018年硕士研究生招生考试试题
考试科目：841 结构力学
（注意：所有答案均需填写在答题卡上，否则不计分！）一、计算图示体系的自由度，并做几何组成分析。

（10分）
二、求图示结构的弯矩图。

（15分）
三、用力法做图示结构的M图，各杆El相同。

（20分）
四、用位移法计算图示结构，并做M图,El为常数（20分）
五、用力矩分配法做图示结构的M图，已知：P=8kN，q=2kN/m，边梁抗弯刚度为3El，中间横梁抗弯刚度为9El，立柱抗弯刚度为4El。

（15分）
六、做图示衍架中杆1,2的内力影响线，P=1沿上弦移动。

（10分）
七、图示梁自重不计，AB段EI常数，BC段El→∞，求自振频率及主振型，并画主振型形状。

(20分)
八、已知图示梁结点转角列阵为{△} = [0 11ql2/168i -11ql2/42i]T，试求支座的反力及支座反力偶。

(10分)
9.试求图示完善体系的临界荷载。

已知:转动刚度k r =kl2,k 为弹簧刚度。

(15分)
10.图示梁截面极限弯矩为M u，求梁的极限荷载q u。

(15分)。

山东科技大学
2018年硕士研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：数据结构与操作系统 科目代码：823
《数据结构》部分
一、简答题（30分，每题5分）
1、串、数组、广义表从元素间关系上可以看成线性结构，它们与
一般意义上的线性表相比有何特殊性？
2、借助栈可以实现更复杂的操作，请简述如何利用栈实现对表达
式中括号是否匹配的检验。

3、基于关键字比较的查找算法所能达到最优时间复杂度是？能否
设计一种与问题规模无关的查找算法？请给出基本思路。

4、图的广度优先遍历与树的何种遍历策略相似？请给出简单解释。

5、《数据结构》中经常采用“树形化组织”的方式来整理数据，
比如折半查找表、二叉排序树、大顶堆/小顶堆等，请简述这样
做的优点。

6、何为稳定的排序方法？何为不稳定的排序方法？哪些排序算法
是不稳定的？
二、综合应用题（40分，每题10分）
1、假设用于通信的电文共有8个字母A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H组成，字
母在电文中出现的频率分别是{0.2，0.04，0.06，0.02，0.12，
0.24，0.25，0.07}。

①试为这8个字符设计哈夫曼编码；
②试设计另一种由二进制表示的等长编码方案；。

一、名词解释（8题，每题5分，共40分）
1、埙
2、西河大鼓
3、木卡姆
4、法曲
5、克劳苏拉
6、强力集团
7、标题性序曲
8、教会调式
二、简答题（5题，每题10分，共50分）
1、杂剧在宋元时期的发展。

2、近代传统音乐职业化的主要表现。

3、周代乐舞的分类。

4、表现主义音乐形式的特点。

5、德彪西的创作特点和风格特征。

三、论述题（4题，考生选择其中任意2题作答，每题30分，共60分）
1、分析刘天华及其二胡音乐创作。

2、论述聂耳及其音乐创作的历程。

3、分析格鲁克和他的歌剧改革。

4、论述莫扎特的器乐创作。

一、名词解释（共8小题，每题5分，共40分）
1、《大夏》
2、十二律
3、《九宫大成南北词宫谱》
4、姜夔
5、卡农曲
6、五人团
7、迪费
8、罗马乐派
二、简答题（共5小题，每题10分，共50分）
1、简述《乐记》的主要音乐思想
2、简述明清时期器乐的发展情况
3、简述隋唐音乐机构及其职能
4、简述巴罗克时期的奏鸣曲
5、简述瓦格纳的艺术成就
三、论述题（共4小题，考生自选2题，每题30分，共60分）
1、论述萧友梅在我国专业音乐教育发展中所做的贡献。

2、分析我国民族器乐在当代社会发展的现状与对策。

3、分析贝多芬《第三交响曲》的艺术特点。

4、试论格里高利圣咏的形成及功能。

一、名词解释（6小题，每题5分，共30分）
1、工艺美术运动
2、装饰艺术运动
3、解构主义
4、波普设计运动
5、米斯的少即是多
6、贝聿铭
二、简答题（3小题，每题10分，共30分）
1、何为系统设计？这种设计方法有什么益处？
2、试分析国际主义风格和现代主义设计风格的联系与区别？
3、包豪斯的历史作用及影响。

三、作品分析（在下面四个小题中自选2小题答题，每题20分，共40分）
1、图一是斯堪的纳维亚国家的设计作品，请做简要设计分析。

2、图二是约瑟夫·帕克斯顿的设计作品，请做简要设计分析。

3、图三是日本设计师福田繁雄的设计作品，请做简要设计分析。

4、图四是里特维斯的设计作品，请做简要设计分析。

图一 山东科技大学
2018年硕士研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：理论基础科目代码：708。

视觉传达设计方向考生选作命题一命题一：设计形式：招贴设计设计主题：为体现东方传统文化与西方现代文化的交融与碰撞，请以“东+西”为主题，进行海报招贴设计。

设计要求：1、试题纸横幅使用；2、在试题纸上绘制三幅小稿，选择其中一幅小稿制作成成稿，成稿尺寸29.7*42cm（竖幅构图）；3、在试题纸上书写200字左右的设计说明；4、画面组织与设计表现形式不限。

产品设计方向考生选作命题二命题二：设计形式：快题设计设计主题：随着人们生活水平的提高，假日出游已经成为人们生活的重要部分，请根据户外出游中可能遇到的问题，发现设计机会，设计一款户外旅行用产品。

设计要求：1、试题纸横幅使用；2、设计有创新，至少画出四种构思方案；3、选择其中你满意的一个构思方案进行详细设计，对其使用方式以图文的形式进行表现，并按比例绘制设计方案的三视图并标注尺寸；4、表述产品的功能特点，设计定位及设计说明；5、绘图的工具与方法不限、画面组织与设计表现形式不限。

环境设计方向考生选作命题三命题三：请根据自己专业方向，在景观设计和室内设计中任选其一完成快题设计。

设计形式：快题设计（景观设计方向）设计主题：基地位于国内某沿海城市，南北长约146米，占地面积约为10000平米，场地内建筑为小型文化艺术活动中心，场地较规整，地势平坦。

请在设计范围内完成文化休闲广场设计，需布置面积为300平米的观演空间，并满足不少于30辆的地面停车。

设计要求：总平面图、典型断面剖面图、中心局部效果图各一张，分析图一张或若干不限，图纸比例自拟，必要的文字说明。

设计形式：快题设计（室内设计方向）设计主题：设计文化艺术活动中心建筑内一处“书吧”空间，空间要满足书籍展示以及部分休闲餐饮功能，体现艺术特色。

尺寸如图所示，室内布置有两个出入口，一处电梯，中心有两个结构立柱。

设计要求：平面布置图、天花布置图、立面图不少于一张、室内效果图，图纸比例自拟，必要的文字说明。

视觉传达设计专业考生请完成命题一命题一：设计形式：招贴设计设计内容：水是世界上最普遍存在的物质，对于水，可以从不同的角度进行阐述。

山东科技大学2018年全国硕士研究生招生考试数学分析试卷一、极限问题（共20分，每小题10分）1、求极限20x →2、设 ,2,1(21,0,011=+=>>+n a a a a nn n σσ。

证明：数列{}n a 收敛，且其极限为σ。

二、一元函数的微分（共20分，每小题10分）1、已知222ln sin y y x +=，求22d ydx 。

2、设1cos , 0,(), 0,x x f x x x α-≥⎧=⎨<⎩问：当α为何值时？（1）在0x =连续；（2）在0x =可导,并求(0)f '。

三、一元函数的积分（共10分）求积分241cos2xdxxππ-⎰。

四、一元函数微积分及应用（共10分）设()f x 在[0,1]上可微且120(1)2()0f xf x dx -=⎰。

证明：()0,1ξ∃∈使得ξξξ)()('f f -=。

五、一元函数连续性和微积分（共15分）设()f x 连续，1()()g x f xt dt =⎰且0()limx f x A x→=（A 为常数）。

（1）求导函数()g x '；（2）讨论导函数()g x '在0x =处的连续性。

六、幂级数问题（共12分，第1题8分，第2题4分）1、求幂级数)11()1(11<<-+∑∞=-x n n x n n 的和函数。

2、求级数∑∞=+12)1(1n nn n 的值。

七、多元函数的微分(共12分)已知函数⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=+≠++=0,00,)(),(2222232222y x y x y x y x y x f 试证：),(y x f 在)0,0(处连续且存在偏导数，但不可微。

八、证明题（共15分，第1题8分，第2题7分）1、设),(ηξf 具有二阶连续偏导数且满足拉普拉斯方程：02222=∂∂+∂∂ηξff ,试证：函数)2,(22xy y x f z -=也满足拉普拉斯方程02222=∂∂+∂∂yzx z 。

一、名词解释（共6题，每题5分，共30分）
1、复乐段
2、假再现
3、收拢性结构
4、音乐语言
5、装饰性变奏
6、对比中部
二、简答题（共3题，每题10，共30分）
1、简述发展主题的常用手法。

2、画出奏鸣曲式的结构图示。

3、简述有再现的单三部曲式与有再现的单二部曲式的区别。

三、作品分析（共3题，第1题10分，第2题30分，第3题50分，共90分）
曲目：贝多芬《钢琴奏鸣曲（田园）》OP.28第二乐章（附：乐谱）
1、写出作品的曲式名称。

2、画出作品的结构图示。

3、用文字详细描述作品的主题材料、发展过程、调式调性、和声及写作技法方面的特征。