语法名

Grammar: Names and Illustrations语法名称与简单讲解句子成分词性: parts of speech12年真题短作文：写封感谢信某网络范文：April 21, 2012 Dear Michael,First I wish there were a better word than “thanks” to express my gratitude for your generous help. “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”That was what I felt when you promptly met my request for meeting me at the station and kindly offered to give me a hand in cleaning my dorm. If there is anything I can do for you, please free feel to use my help at any time.Yours sincerelyLi Ming21 April, 2012 Dearest Michael,I am writing to say a million thanks for picking me up at the railway station yesterday as well as helping me clean my dorm. You have always been such as a nice and warm friend. I hope I can do something for you to return all your kindness. So please feel free to use my help any time in the future.Yours sincerelyLi Ming 注意：中英美写时间的顺序。

各种语法术语的英文名称名词性从句：Noun Clauses. 语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun 专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree 时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb 代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possecive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place 方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence 陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question 附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question 修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence patern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object 直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntatic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form 格case普通格common case所有格possessive case 主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person 第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense 一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood 祈使语气imperative mood 虚拟语气subjunctive mood 否定negation否定范围scope of negation 全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation 转移否定shift of negation 语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion 直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech 自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression英国英语British English美国英语American English 用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring 褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic。

clause从句 phrase短语 morpheme词素Free morphemes自由词素 Bound morphemes粘附词素 inflectional affix屈折词 derivational affix派生词缀 Allomorphs词素变体word-formation（构词法）head .（中心词） independent clause（独立分句） dependent clause（从属分句） Simple and complex clauses（简单与复杂分句） main and subordinate clauses主句与从句 Finite and non-finite clauses（限定与非限定分句）Verbless clauses（无动词分句）Full and minor sentences（完全句与不完全句） Simple, compound, complex and compound-complex sentences（简单句、复合句、复杂句、并列复合句）Sentence Structure句子结构 predicate verb,谓语动词 object,宾语 complement补语 adverbial状语 linking verb联系动词 transitive verb及物动词intransitive verb(不及物动词) monotransitive verb(单宾语及物动词) complex transitive verb（复杂宾语及物动词） ditransitive verb（双宾语及物动词）Direct object直接宾语 Indirect object间接宾语 complex transitive verb(复杂宾语及物动词) Subject—Verb—Complement (SVC) Subject—Verb (SV) Subject—Verb—Object (SVO) Subject—Verb—Object—Object (SVoO) Subject—Verb—Object—Complement (SVOC) Transformation转换Expansion扩大 affirmative 肯定句→ negative否定句statement 陈述句→ question疑问句 active主动→ passive被动 coordination并列subordination（从属） Subject-verb Concord 主谓一致 Guiding principles指导原则Grammatical concord语法一致原则Notional concord意义一致原则Proximity就近原则 collective nouns 集体名词 plural复数 singular单数 Noun and Noun Phrase名词和名词短语 Simple, compound and derivative nouns(简单、复合、派生名词) Common and proper nouns(普通、专有名词) individual, collective, material, and abstract nouns (个体、集体、物质、抽象名词) Count/ Countable and Noncount/ Noncountable noun可数和不可数名词 (appositive) 同位语 Regular and irregular plural规则和不规则复数 Partitives(单位词) Determiners and Articles限定词和冠词 specific reference特指 generic reference类指 definite quantity确定数量indefinite quantity(不确定数量)Possessive determiners(物主限定词) Genitive nouns(名词属格) Demonstrative determiners(指示限定词) Relative determiners(关系限定词) Interrogative determiners(疑问限定词) Indefinite determiners(不定限定词) Cardinal and ordinal numerals(基数词和序数词) quantifiers(量词)Fractional and multiplicative numerals(分数词和倍数词) Collocations 搭配词Central determiners, predeterminers and postdeterminers (中位、前位、后位限定词) Tense and Aspect时与体 Present tense现在时 Past tense过去时 Perfective aspect完成体 Progressive aspect进行体 Perfective progressive aspect现在进行体 Simple present (一般现在时) Simple past（一般过去时）Present progressive（现在进行体）Past progressive（过去进行体）Present perfective （现在完成体）Past perfective （过去完成体）Present perfective progressive（现在完成进行体）Past perfective progressive（过去完成进行体） Means of Expressing Future（将来时间表示法） Passive Voice (被动语态) (Voice)语态 (Active Voice)主动语态 (Passive Voice)被动语态 subjunctive mood虚拟语气 (Interrogative Mood) 疑问语气祈使语气(Imperative Mood) subjuncti名词性从句Attributive Clause定语从句语序 (order) 语序 (order) 倒装语序（Inverted Order) 完全倒装（full inversion) 部分倒装（partial inversion)。

各种语法术语的英文名称各种语法术语的英文名称名词性从句：Noun Clauses.语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech 单词word实词notional word虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun 介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regularverb不规则动词irregular verb短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possecive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possesivepronoun冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form 单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause ofpurpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition 句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句generalquestion特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence patern否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement 主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntatic relationship并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form 规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时presentperfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion 全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicateagreement语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone 降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression英国英语British English美国英语American English用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic。

英语语法名称一.词类(Parts of Speech)名词The Noun(缩写为n.) 表示人或事物的名称例词boy,clock,book等冠词The Article(缩写为art.) 用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人和或事物。

例词a(an),the代词The Pronoun(缩写为pron) 用来代替名词、形容词或是数词例词we,that,his,what形容词The Adjective(缩写为adj.) 用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征例词old,red,fine,good.数词The Numeral(缩写为num.) 表示数量或是顺序。

例词one,thirteen first动词The Verb(缩写为v.) 表示动作或状态。

例词sit,go,be(am,is,are)副词The Adverb(缩写为adv.) 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。

例词not too,here,very介词The Preposition(缩写为prep.) 表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系。

例词in,on,of,to,under.连词The Conjunction(缩写为conj.) 用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句。

例词and,or,but.感叹词The Interjection(缩写为interj.) 表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。

例词oh,hello,hi,er.二.名词(Nouns)1.专有名词(Proper Nouns): 表示具体的人,事物,地点或机构的专有名称。

Lucy China 中国Asia 亚洲Beijing 北京。

专有名词的第一个字母要大写。

(Capital letters)普通名词(Common Nouns): 表示某些人,某类事物,某种物质或抽象概念的名称。

例如: teacher 老师tea 茶普通名词又可进一步分为四类1) 个体名称(Individual Nouns): 表示单个的人和事物。

语法名量词摘要：汉语史上的体量词最早萌生于殷商时代，而个量词的大量出现，则主要是在两汉和周秦时期。

并且，在这个时期还逐渐涌现出一些类量词，数量名语序的确定也是在这个时期。

在现代汉语中，有30%左右的量词都来源于魏晋时期，也就是说，量词的语法化是在魏晋时期初步完成的。

本文根据语法名量词展开分析，首席那提出名量词的概念，进而分析名量词的范围，其次对汉语史上的名量词语法进化过程分析，最后分析留学生运用名量词的不足和对策。

关键词:现代汉语；临时名量词；运用目录一、相关概念 (3)（一）名词 (3)（二）量词 (3)二、对量词范围 (3)(一)量词是指个体量词 (3)(二)量词是一个词类 (4)(三)认为量词是一个词类的理由 (4)三、汉语史上名量词语法化进程 (4)(一)原始度量词的出现 (4)(二)个体量词的出现 (5)(三)量词的发展 (5)(四)名量词语法化的初步形成 (6)四、留学生运用语法量词现象的分析 (6)（一）留学生句子分词测试 (6)五、培养留学生运用量名词对策 (8)（一）教师强调汉语词汇概念，提醒学生注意分词问题 (8)（二）培养留学生的汉语语感 (8)结束语 (10)参考文献 (11)一、相关概念（一）名词殷志平(2000)认为“一身冷汗、一脸得意、一肚子火气”中的“身、脸、肚子”与名词的共同性多一点，把他们处理为名词，“一”为形容词，把“一身冷汗”类短语看作名词短语。

谭景春(2001)归纳出临时量词的三个特点:可类推性，数量很多、是开放的类，词义没有明显变化，主张把临时量词看作是名词的一种用法，仍然处理成名词，并指出《现代汉语词典》中只标注了专职量词，小标注临时量词。

（二）量词郭先珍(1987)指出，临时量词是“从名词、动词、形容词临时借用来表示量的。

它们只用于一定的语言场介，多具有修辞色彩，例如‘一手泥、一脸汗、一裙子水’等”。

李字明((2000)认为，“一池春水、一脸疙瘩、一肚子坏水”等中的“池、脸、肚子”是名词借用为量词，并总结出具有负载、包裹、容纳等意义的名词可以借用为名量词，有些名词借用为量词以后，数词倾向于用“一”[1]。

英语语法专有名词中英对应名称(总3页)-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除英语语法专有名词中英对应名称语法 grammar 句法 syntax 词法 morphology结构 structure 层次 rank 句子 sentence从句 clause 词组 phrase 词类 part of speech单词 word 实词 notional word 虚词 structural word名词 noun 专有名词 proper noun 普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun 不可数名词 uncountable noun 抽象名词 abstract noun 具体名词 concrete noun 物质名词 material noun 集体名词 collective noun个体名词 individual noun 介词 preposition 连词 conjunction不及物动词 intransitive verb 系动词 link verb 助动词 auxiliary verb情态动词 modal verb 规则动词 regular verb 不规则动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb 限定动词 finite verb 非限定动词 infinite verb 使役动词 causative verb 感官动词 verb of senses 动态动词 event verb 形容词 adjective副词 adverb 方式副词 adverb of manner 程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time 地点副词 adverb of place 修饰性副词 adjunct连接性副词 conjunct 疑问副词 interrogative adverb 关系副词 relative adverb 代词 pronoun 人称代词 personal pronoun 物主代词 possessive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun 相互代词 reciprocal pronoun 指示代词 demonstrative pronoun疑问代词 interrogative pronoun 关系代词 relative pronoun 不定代词 indefinite pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词 article定冠词 definite article 不定冠词 indefinite article 数词 numeral基数词 cardinal numeral 序数词 ordinal numeral 分数词 fractional numeral 形式 form 单数形式 singular form 复数形式 plural form限定动词 finite verb form 非限定动词 non-finite verb form \原形 base form从句 clause 从属句 subordinate clause 并列句 coordinate clause 名词从句nominal clause 定语从句 attributive clause 状语从句 adverbial clause 宾语从句 object clause 主语从句 subject clause 同位语从句 appositive clause时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result 目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence 简单句 simple sentence 并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence 并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence 疑问句 interrogative sentence 一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question 选择疑问句 alternative question基本句型 basic sentence pattern 句子成分 members of sentences主语 subject 谓语 predicate 宾语 object双宾语 dual object 直接宾语 direct object 间接宾语 indirect object 复合宾语 complex object 同源宾语 cognate object补语 complement 主补 subject complement宾补 object complement 表语 predicative定语 attribute 同位语 appositive状语 adverbial 句法关系 syntactic relationship并列 coordinate 从属 subordination修饰 modification 前置修饰 pre-modification后置修饰 post-modification 限制 restriction双重限制 double-restriction 非限制 non-restriction数 number 单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form 规则形式 regular form不规则形式 irregular form普通格 common case 所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case 宾格 objective case性 gender第一人称 first person 第二人称 second person第三人称 third person 时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense 过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 present simple tense 一般过去时 past simple tense一般将来时 future simple tense 现在完成时 past perfect tense过去完成时 present perfect tense 将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense 过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tense 过去将来进行时 past future continuoustense现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice 陈述语气 indicative mood 祈使语气 imperative mood虚拟语气 subjunctive mood 否定 negation否定范围 scope of negation 全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation 转移否定 shift of negation语序 order 自然语序 natural order倒装语序 inversion 全部倒装 full inversion部分倒装 partial inversion 直接引语 direct speech间接引语 indirect speech 自由直接引语 free direct speech自由间接引语 free indirect speech 一致 agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement 语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement 就近原则 principle of proximity。

高中英语语法名称归纳总结在高中阶段的英语学习中，语法是一个非常重要的部分。

掌握英语语法可以帮助我们更准确地表达意思，提高英语写作和阅读的能力。

本文将对高中英语语法的一些常见名称进行归纳总结，以帮助同学们更好地理解和记忆这些语法概念。

1. 时态（Tenses）时态用于表示动作或状态所发生的时间。

在英语中，常用的时态有以下几种：- 现在简单时（Present Simple）表示经常性或习惯性的动作或状态，以及客观真理等。

- 过去简单时（Past Simple）表示过去发生的动作或状态。

- 将来简单时（Future Simple）表示将来要发生的动作或状态。

- 现在进行时（Present Continuous）表示当前正在进行的动作。

- 过去进行时（Past Continuous）表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。

- 将来进行时（Future Continuous）表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作。

- 现在完成时（Present Perfect）表示过去发生的动作对当前造成的影响或结果。

- 过去完成时（Past Perfect）表示过去某一时间或动作之前发生的动作。

- 将来完成时（Future Perfect）表示将来某一时间或动作之前将会发生的动作。

2. 名词（Nouns）名词是表示人、事物、地方、概念等实体的词语。

根据其不同的用法和形式，名词可以分为以下几种：- 普通名词（Common Nouns）泛指一类人或事物，通常不以大写字母开头。

- 专有名词（Proper Nouns）用来特指某个人、地点或事物的名词，通常以大写字母开头。

- 可数名词（Countable Nouns）可以用数词进行计数的名词。

- 不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）不可以用数词进行计数的名词，表示抽象概念、物质等。

- 集体名词（Collective Nouns）表示一群人或事物的名词，虽然是单数形式，但含义上表示复数。

各种语法术语的英文名称————————————————————————————————作者: ————————————————————————————————日期：各种语法术语的英文名称ﻫ名词性从句:NoｕｎClausｅs.ﻫ语法ｇrammaｒﻫ句法sｙntaｘﻫﻫ词法moｒpｈology结构ｓｔrｕｃｔureﻫ层次raｎkﻫﻫ句子sｅntｅnｃｅﻫ从句clause词组ｐhrasｅﻫ词类part ｏｆspｅechﻫ单词wｏｒd实词nｏtｉoｎal ｗordﻫ虚词strｕctｕｒａl wordﻫ单纯词simpleｗordﻫ派生词deｒiｖatiｖe复合词comｐｏundﻫ词性part of sｐeｅｃｈﻫ名词noｕnﻫ专有名词prｏper nounﻫﻫ普通名词common ｎoun可数名词countａbｌe nｏunﻫﻫ不可数名词uncoｕｎtable nouｎﻫﻫ抽象名词abstract nｏｕｎﻫ具体名词concrｅt nounﻫﻫ物质名词mateｒial ｎouｎﻫ集体名词colleｃtivｅｎounﻫ个体名词iｎdivｉdｕal noｕnﻫ介词ｐrepositionﻫ连词ｃonｊuｎctｉonﻫ动词ｖerb主动词ｍaｉｎverｂ及物动词tｒａｎsitive verｂﻫ不及物动词intransｉtiｖe vｅrb系动词ｌiｎk verb助动词aｕxiliarｙverb情态动词modal veｒｂﻫﻫ规则动词regｕlarｖerbﻫ不规则动词irregulaｒveｒbﻫ短语动词phｒａｓaｌｖerb限定动词finite veｒｂﻫﻫ非限定动词iｎf ｉnｉte verbﻫ使役动词causative ｖｅｒb感官动词verｂoｆseｎseｓﻫ动态动词eventｖerbﻫ静态动词stａte verｂﻫ感叹词ｅxcｌamationﻫ形容词adjeｃtiｖeﻫ副词adverb方式副词ａdvｅrb of mannerﻫﻫ程度副词adｖerb of degｒeｅ时间副词aｄvｅrbｏfｔimeﻫ地点副词adveｒb of plａceﻫﻫ修饰性副词aｄjｕｎctﻫﻫ连接性副词conjuｎｃtﻫﻫ疑问副词ｉnteｒｏgative adverbﻫ关系副词reｌatiｖe adverbﻫ代词prｏnｏuｎﻫ人称代词peｒsｏnal pronoｕｎﻫ物主代词pｏsseｓive ｐｒonouｎﻫ反身代词ｒeflｅxive pｒｏnounﻫ相互代词rｅｃiprｏcal pｒonoun指示代词dｅmoｎｓtrative pronounﻫﻫ疑问代词ｉnteｒrogatiｖe prｏnounﻫ关系代词relatiｖe pronｏunﻫ不定代词inｄefinite ｐrｏnounﻫﻫ物主代词posseｃive pｒｏnoｕn名词性物主代词noｍｉnaｌｐossesive prnounﻫﻫ形容词性物主代词ａdjｅctival pｏssｅsive ｐronounﻫﻫ冠词artiｃleﻫ定冠词dｅfiｎｉtｅaｒticｌｅ不定冠词indefiｎite aｒtｉcleﻫ数词nuｍeralﻫ基数词cａｒdinaｌnumeralﻫ序数词ordinaｌｎｕmｅralﻫ分数词fraｃtｉoｎaｌｎuｍeralﻫﻫ形式form单数形式sinｇｕｌar formﻫﻫ复数形式p ｌｕral fｏｒm限定动词ｆiniteｖerb foｒm非限定动词non-ｆinitｅｖerb fｏrmﻫﻫ原形base form从句ｃlauseﻫ从属句suborｄiｎａtｅcｌauseﻫﻫ并列句ｃoorｄinａtｅcｌａuseﻫ名词从句nominaｌclauｓe定语从句atｔrｉｂutivｅcｌａusｅﻫ状语从句advｅｒbial clａuseﻫﻫ宾语从句objｅct cｌause主语从句ｓubject cｌａuse同位语从句ａｐpositivｅclaｕｓe时间状语从句advｅｒｂiaｌclaｕse oｆtimｅﻫ地点状语从句aｄverbｉａｌclａuse of plａcｅﻫ方式状语从句adｖerbiａl clause of manner让步状语从句aｄverbial claｕse oｆconcｅssiｏn原因状语从句adverbial clauseｏf cause结果状语从句aｄｖerbial cｌause of reｓuｌtﻫ目的状语从句adverbial clause oｆｐuｒpｏseﻫ条件状语从句aｄverｂiaｌcｌause of condｉtｉon真实条件状语从句advｅｒｂｉal ｃlａus ｅoｆｒeal ｃonditionﻫ非真实条件状语从句adveｒbial clausｅof uｎｒeaｌcｏnditionﻫﻫ含蓄条件句adverｂｉaｌclause oｆｉｍpliedｃonｄition错综条件句adverbｉaｌclausｅof mixed conｄiｔｉon句子seｎtｅncｅ简单句simple sｅntenceﻫ并列句coｍpoｕnd senteｎcｅﻫ复合句comｐlｅｘsenｔｅｎｃeﻫ并列复合句compｏｕｎd ｃomplｅx ｓenｔencｅﻫ陈述句ｄeclaratｉve seｎtenｃｅﻫ疑问句interrｏgative sentｅnｃｅ一般疑问句generａl qｕｅstiｏnﻫ特殊疑问句special questionﻫ选择疑问句altｅrnative questionﻫﻫ附加疑问句tａg questｉｏnﻫ反义疑问句disjｕncｔiｖeｑｕestｉｏnﻫ修辞疑问句ｒhｅtoriｃal queｓｔiｏｎﻫ感叹疑问句ｅxｃｌamatｏｒｙｑues ｔｉon存在句eｘiｓｔentiaｌseｎtｅnceﻫ肯定句ｐositｉve sentｅnｃeﻫﻫ基本句型ｂasic seｎtence pａteｒn否定句ｎeｇａｔｉve senteｎceﻫ祈使句iｍperative sｅnｔeｎｃeﻫ省略句elｌiptiｃaｌｓenteｎｃeﻫ感叹句eｘclamatory senｔenceﻫ句子成分members ofｓeｎtencesﻫﻫ主语suｂjeｃtﻫ谓语predicateﻫ宾语obｊecｔﻫ双宾语dual ｏbjｅct直接宾语diｒect objecｔﻫ间接宾语indirｅct oｂjecｔﻫ复合宾语compｌeｘobjectﻫ同源宾语ｃｏgnate objectﻫﻫ补语coｍpleｍeｎtﻫﻫ主补suｂjecｔｃｏｍpｌeｍentﻫ宾补ｏbject ｃompｌementﻫ表语predicative定语attrｉbuteﻫﻫ同位语ａpｐoｓitｉｖeﻫ状语adverｂiaｌﻫ句法关系ｓｙnｔatiｃｒelａtionship ﻫ并列coordinatｅﻫ从属subｏrｄinationﻫ修饰ｍodifiｃation前置修饰ｐre-modifiｃationﻫﻫ后置修饰ｐost-ｍodiｆicationﻫ限制restｒicｔionﻫﻫ双重限制dｏubｌｅ-reｓtrictｉon非限制non-resｔrictiｏnﻫ数ｎｕmberﻫ单数形式ｓｉngular formﻫ复数形式pｌurａlｆormﻫ规则形式regulａr formﻫ不规则形式ｉrｒｅgular formﻫﻫ格casｅﻫﻫ普通格ｃｏmｍon casｅﻫ所有格ｐoｓsessive ｃａse主格ｎｏminａtive casｅﻫﻫ宾格ｏbｊｅctｉve casｅﻫﻫ性genderﻫ阳性mascuｌｉneﻫ阴性feminiｎeﻫ通性cｏmｍoｎﻫﻫ中性neuterﻫﻫ人称personﻫ第一人称fｉrst personﻫ第二人称secｏnd persoｎﻫ第三人称third persｏnﻫﻫ时态ｔenseﻫ过去将来时past futurｅteｎseﻫ过去将来进行时ｐaｓｔfuｔｕｒe ｃon ｔinuｏuｓtｅnｓeﻫ过去将来完成时pａst ｆuture peｒfect tenseﻫ一般现在时ｐrｅｓenｔｓimpｌe ｔｅnsｅﻫ一般过去时ｐaｓt simplｅtｅnｓeﻫ一般将来时futｕｒe simｐｌｅtense ﻫ现在完成时pａst peｒfect tenseﻫ过去完成时preseｎt perfｅct tense将来完成时futｕre ｐerfect tenseﻫﻫ现在进行时present conｔinuｏus teｎseﻫ过去进行时past continｕous ｔeｎse ﻫ将来进行时futuｒe contｉnuoｕs ｔens ｅﻫ过去将来进行时pasｔfuturｅconｔｉnuous tensｅﻫ现在完成进行时ｐrｅsent perfeｃｔconｔinuｏｕｓtenｓeﻫﻫ过去完成进行时pasｔperfｅct cｏｎtinｕous tenｓｅ语态voice主动语态aｃtive voicｅﻫ被动语态pａssｉve ｖoicｅﻫ语气mooｄﻫﻫ陈述语气inｄicａtｉve ｍｏodﻫ祈使语气ｉmperative ｍｏｏdﻫ虚拟语气ｓubjｕｎｃtive moodﻫ否定ｎegａｔion否定范围scope oｆnｅgatｉｏnﻫﻫ全部否定ｆuｌｌnegatioｎ局部否定parｔiａl negationﻫ转移否定shift oｆnegaｔionﻫﻫ语序or ｄｅｒ自然语序nａtural ｏrｄeｒﻫﻫ倒装语序invｅrsionﻫ全部倒装full inｖersionﻫﻫ部分倒装parti ａｌｉnversioｎﻫﻫ直接引语ｄireｃｔｓｐeechﻫﻫ间接引语iｎdireｃｔsｐeｅchﻫ自由直接引语freeｄireｃｔspeech自由间接引语freeｉｎｄirecｔｓpeｅchﻫ一致aｇreeｍentﻫ主谓一致subjeｃt-ｐreｄiｃaｔe agre ｅment语法一致ｇrammaｔiｃal ａgrｅemeｎt概念一致nｏｔionaｌagrｅementﻫﻫ就近原则pｒｉnciple ofｐｒoxiｍiｔｙ强调emphａｓis重复reｐetiｔｉｏnﻫ语音pｒｏｎunｃiationﻫ语调tone升调risiｎg tｏneﻫ降调ｆalling tｏneﻫﻫ降升调falｌing-risｉng ｔoneﻫﻫ文体styleﻫ正式文体formaｌﻫ非正式文体informaｌﻫﻫ口语sｐokｅn/o ｒal Ｅnglｉshﻫ套语forｍｕliｓtｉｃexpressioｎ英国英语BrｉtisｈEnglish美国英语American Englisｈﻫ用法usageﻫ感情色彩emotionａl ｃoloｒingﻫ褒义commeｎｄａtorｙﻫ贬义derogatｏryﻫﻫ幽默humｏrouｓ讽刺sarcaｓｔicﻫ挖苦iroｎic。

英语语法术语的英文名称XXXXXX that n as nouns。

They are a part of grammar。

which is the study of the rules that govern language。

Morphology is the study of word structure。

while syntax is the study of XXX in grammar include structure。

rank。

clause。

phrase。

part of speech。

word。

nal word。

simple word。

compound。

noun。

common noun。

uncountable noun。

concrete noun。

collective noun。

n。

verb。

transitive verb。

link verb。

modal verb。

irregular verb。

finite verb。

causative verb。

event verb。

n。

adverb。

adverb of degree。

adverb of place。

conjunct。

relative adverb。

personal pronoun。

reflexive pronoun。

demonstrative pronoun。

relative pronoun。

possessive pronoun。

structural word。

derivative。

proper noun。

countable noun。

abstract noun。

material noun。

individual noun。

n。

main verb。

intransitive verb。

auxiliary verb。

regular verb。

phrasal verb。

infinite verb。

verbof senses。

state verb。

英语语法专有名词中英对应名称语法grammar 句法syntax 词法morphology结构structure 层次rank 句子sentence从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词conjunction不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses 动态动词event verb 形容词adjective副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article 数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral 序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral形式form 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form \原形base form从句clause 从属句subordinate clause 并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause 定语从句attributive clause 状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause 主语从句subject clause 同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence 简单句simple sentence 并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence 并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence 疑问句interrogative sentence 一般疑问句general question 特殊疑问句special question 选择疑问句alternative question基本句型basic sentence pattern 句子成分members of sentences主语subject 谓语predicate 宾语object 双宾语dual object 直接宾语direct object 间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object 同源宾语cognate object补语complement 主补subject complement宾补object complement 表语predicative定语attribute 同位语appositive状语adverbial 句法关系syntactic relationship并列coordinate 从属subordination修饰modification 前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction双重限制double-restriction 非限制non-restriction数number 单数形式singular form复数形式plural form 规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form普通格common case 所有格possessive case主格nominative case 宾格objective case性gender第一人称first person 第二人称second person第三人称third person 时态tense过去将来时past future tense 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense 一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense 现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense 将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense 过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice 陈述语气indicative mood 祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood 否定negation否定范围scope of negation 全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation 转移否定shift of negation语序order 自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion 全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion 直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech 自由直接引语free direct speech 自由间接引语free indirect speech 一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement 概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity。