business

⼤学英语Unit6BusinessUnit 6 BusinessPart AListen to the conversation and answer the questions that follow.1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?They are probably business partners.2. What are they doing?One is showing the other the building where her company has offices.Listen to the passage and fill in the missing information.What is the speaker doing?He is giving a brief introduction to visitors of his company’s history, line of business, and markets at home and abroad. Script:1. W: Here we are, Mr. Wang. This is a newly-built building.M: What a fine building! How many floors are there?W: Forty. Our company has offices on four floors in the building.M: Yours is really a big company.W: Yes, it is. The sales office is on the first floor. The marketing and accounting offices are on the second floor. And we have many other departments: personnel, research, etc. They are all on the 8th floor.M: Where’s the manager’s office?W: It’s on the 9th floor. Let me show you around.M: Thank you.2. Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to our company. Our company was established in 1999. It isa joint-venture company specializing in sportswear. Most of our products are for young students; some are for adults. All our products sell well both at home and abroad. In recent years, we have expanded our markets from China to Southeast Asia, East Africa, North America, and South America.Part BListening TasksWho Is to Be Promoted?Script:(The Personnel Department is having a meeting. Joan Black is the chairperson of the meeting.) Joan: I think John Jeffrey’s already been with the company for 20 years. Surely he’s not still expecting promotion. Do you agree, Peter?Peter: Well, in my opinion, John’s always shown great loyalty to the company. It’s time this was rewarded. What do you think, Clive?Clive: It’s not just a question of loyalty. Would he be any good at the job? He would need to manage a small team —he’s got no experience of that yet.Peter: He never will have any experience unless we give him a chance!Joan: We can’t afford to be sentimental. I don’t think he’s the man for the job. He’s always beena follower, not a leader. Let’s move on to the other candidates. Rita Hayden has alreadyshown great personnel management skill, I feel, even if she’s…Peter: Oh, come on, Joan! Rita’s still learning her trade! We can’t afford to take a risk with someone so inexperienced.Clive: I agree with Peter. I favor Susan Palmer. She’s got a lot of experience. She’s already worked in the department on other occasions so she knows the ropes and she’s… Joan: But Susan’s always struck me as a bit cautious. We need someone dynamic for this job. Peter: I’d agree with Clive. I think Susan Palmer would do a good job. Maybe she’s a bit cautious but she’s solid, reliable …We need those qualities too.Joan: Well, if you’re both so sure, I suppose I’ll have to agree. Still, we’ll wait a week before confirming it just in case any other applicants put their names forward.Exercise 1Listen to the conversation and answer the questions below.1. What are the speakers doing?They are discussing which candidate is more suitable for a vacant position in the company.2. What position is vacant in this company?Leader of a small group.3. What is the most important quality this position requires, according to Joan?Being dynamic.4. Why won’t John Jeffrey be promoted?Because he has no experience in leadership.5. Why couldn’t the company give John a chance?Because he has always been a follower, not a leader.Exercise 2Part CTest Your ListeningA PassageListen to the story and choose the right answers to the questions.1. What did Mr. Stevenson’s store sell?a. Family furniture.b. Sports apparatus.c. General appliances.d. Things for newly-weds.2. Why did many newly-weds usually walk away at the end of their inquiry?a. They knew they could buy better-quality appliances elsewhere.b. They were bored with the owner’s long speech.c. They wanted to compare prices at other stores.d. They didn’t think the store could meet their needs.3. Which of the following best describes Mr. Stevenson’s attitude towards his customers?a. Polite and patient.b. Polite but inflexible.c. Generous and kind. d. Snobbish and rude.4. What was Mr. Stevenson’s response to the young couple’s refusal?a. He was not disappointed at all because he was accustomed to it.b. He couldn’t hide his disappointment.c. He felt disappointed but smiled and then moved aside.d. He didn’t show his disappointment and tried his best to win their trust.5. Why did the young couple finally decide to place an order?a. They were touched by the owner’s hospitality.b. They wanted to help the owner with his family business.c. They thought the owner was honest and sincere.d. They realized how important after-sales services were.Script:Mr. Stevenson was the owner of a general appliance store. He had seen many newly-weds coming into his store to shop for their first refrigerator, washer and dryer, and air-conditioner. Pen and pencil in hand, they would ask him a lot of questions about price, features and after-sales services, but they would usually walk away at the end of their inquiry.The other day a young couple came into his store. They asked him all the usual questions and he answered all of them patiently. But when he suggested an order at the end, they replied firmly, “We’ll have to look around places first.”Although feeling a bit disappointed, Mr. Stevenson did not show it. Instead, he smiled, moved closer and said, “I know you will go to Discount Dan to look at the price tags. That’s perfectly understandable. I do the same. In fact, they sell the same stuff as we do. But if you buy things there, there is something you will not get, a nd that is me. I come with everything I sell. I’ve been in the business for thirty years and in a few years’ time I’m going to give my store to my daughter and son-in-law. I hope they will carry on the family business. I stand behind everything I sell and I will make sure that you will never regret buying things from me.”After this short speech Mr. Stevenson offered the young couple some ice cream to thank them for their interest. Impressed by his honesty and sincerity, the young couple decided to place an order.。

Business development:AcquisitionAmplifyAssetLoan1.Capital 资金2.Credit 信贷3.Collateral4.Conditions lineBusiness weekMarketing Anticipating(expecting) and meeting customer’s needs, demands in the mutually beneficial process.Need demand/supply Self actualization Implications狄瑞鹏Accountant会计师auditor审计员Job title1.Capital loss and profit statement2.Cash flow analysis现金流量3.Balance sheet损益表Buy out 买下的全部股份Company, firm, corporation, enterprise, branch, division, outlet,Subsidiary子公司Affiliate分公司Parent company, Multinational Corporationequityfranchiser给别人经营联营特许权的公司或制造厂launch投产promotion campaignsproduction price promotion place (channel)insurance premium溢价Policy Damage of odourHookRisk of hookLeakageRain, pilferage, non-deliveryGMA TParticular averageAll risksExtraneous risk Performance evaluationBonus 奖金，红利Monopoly phase—stageprofileportfolio 文件夹，股份单personal finance package deal dividend 红利，股息yield curvepie chartline chart graphbrand awareness track recordacquire assessbenchmarkentrepreneur expand merger integratepreliminaryproposeprospectprosperityschemethriveperformance evaluation2. negotiation: Deadlock 僵局Adjourn 休会Suspend 暂停，中止Amendment 修正Agreement 达成一致Approval 批准，认可Concede 让步Compromis妥协，折中Commission grant turnover营业额，成交量；人员调整(更替率) Terminate sole agentPremiumNASDAQNational association of security dealers Automated quotesCapital profit and loss StatementIncome statement Cash flow statementConference.(正式)会议；讨论，商谈Convention .习俗，惯例；公约，协议Session.会议，一届会期；集会Delegate代表Dispute争论Postpone延期Reconcile使协调，使和解SettlementProgramAgenda 议事日程Attorney律师Solicitor初级律师BreakthroughConclusive决定性的ConsensusCriterionDeclineDiplomacy外交手腕Petition申请书，诉状Premise前提Seminar.(大学的)研究班，研讨会3. 财务投资AccountOpen an account CloseMinimum amountInterest rateA TM: teller 出纳员IBMinternational business machineNASDAQNational association of security dealers, automated quotesBalance sheet Remittance汇款Statement结算单，报表balanceBond债券，合同Municipal bonds Stock shareStock holderBuy hold ClimatesFluctuateSell off廉价出售(存货) Dip 下降；浸，蘸PanicChamber of commerce 商业会所CreditOverdrawWithdrawMiss a credit payment deductdeficit 赤字，亏空depreciation贬值devaluation inflation 通货膨胀endorser 背书人endorsee 被背书人exemptfluctuationprofitrevenuedividendbonusbankruptcurrencydeposit 定金，存款，矿藏mortgage抵押，抵押借款depressionestimate expenditure overdueremuneration yield curve4. 人事Hr human resource Pr: public relationsAmateurCompetent ExpertiseInterviewPensionCD：certified deposit PersonnelRecommendation Resign 辞职Retire Recruitment招募5. 订购货物Bid Competitor RivalContractDebit.(帐簿中的)借方Invoice发票，开发票Long rangeTariff关税，税率；(饭店等)价目表，收费表V oucher.凭单，收据Bill of lading: B/L Commodity ConsumerForwardHeadquarters总部总店Inventory详细目录，存货清单L/C: letter of credit Patent专利Quota定额，限额Shipment装载的货物Surplus过剩，盈余trademark商标Warehouse仓库Client.委托人，当事人，顾客Retail sales 零售Wholesaling批发Direct salesBulk saleCash sale 现货Hire-purchase: installment分期付款planDumping倾销，抛售Registered capital注册资金Manufacture’s price Net priceGross 总的，获得毛利FixedGuaranteed Intangible assetsPrice indexAll-inclusive 总括Advanced payment Down payment refund Compensation赔偿6. 股市Arbitrage 套利Discretion 处理权Authorized capital额定资本AveragingBear卖空者Bull看涨的人Blue chip蓝筹股Commission Give= grant Turnover BrokerageBuy inHoldStock/ShareholderCall optionCapital reserves Current assets流动资产Current ratio流动比率Recovery period Current liabilities负债Debenture债券Dividend yield股息收益率Final dividendIPO: initial publicofferingLiquidityMaturityRallySuspensionTrend lineWarrant凭单Statutory MergerX +Y=XConsolidationX +Y=ZAcquisition X+Y=X+YCREDIT5CCHARACTER---- CAPACITY---- CAPITAL---- COLLA TERAL CONDITION----LINE。

E-COMMERCE和E-business的区别
1997年国际商会在法国巴黎举行的世界电子商务会议明确了E-COMMERCE的概念。

E-COMMERCE是指实现整个贸易过程中各阶段贸易活动的电子化。

从涵盖范围方面可以定义为：交易各方以电子交易方式而不是通过当面交换或直接面谈方式进行的任何形式的商业交易。

从业务范围包括：信息交换、售前售后服务、销售、电子支付、运输等，狭义的电子商务主要是指借助计算机网络进行交易活动。

E-business是利用网络实现所有商务活动业务流程的电子化，不仅包括e-commerce面向外部的所有业务流程，如网络营销、电子支付、物流配送、电子数据交换等，还包括企业内部的业务流程，如企业资源计划、管理信息系统、客户关系管理、供应链管理、人力资源管理、网上市场调研、战略管理及财务管理等。

广义的电子商务既包括企业内部商务活动，也包括企业外部商务活动，将上下游业务合作伙伴企业结合起来开展业务。

电子商务的前提：前提是商务信息化，具体指利用各种信息化的工具如计算机，网络技术等，电子商务与传统商务最大的区别是电子商务利用现代信息技术来进行商务活动。

电子商务的核心是人，虽然电子商务采用电子工具进行商务活动，但围绕着商品交易活动以及各种利益关系所组成的社会系统的中心还是人，商务活动是为人来服务的，也是由人来掌握和控制的。

电子商务的基础是现代化的电子工具应用。

包括：计算机、互联网、电子支付平台、条码扫描器和POS机银行卡、IC卡、卫星定位系统。

电子商务的对象是指从事商务活动的客观实体，包括企业、中间商、客户、银行以及政府管理部门。

在英汉字典里，businenss指the activity of making,buying,selling or supplying goods or service for money;management 指the act of running and controlling a business or similar organization .Business是一种activity，是一种活动，具有频繁性和活跃性。

在商业交换与交流的过程中，人们正是通过等价交换的买卖来挖掘潜在的商业市场。

白领们，工薪阶层和打工者的忙忙碌碌都可以成为business，属于各自的商业行为。

当某些人在金钱流通的过程中发现了一本万利的契机时，他们扩大自己的商业圈，他们从默默无闻的打工者一夜爆发成为大型投资企业的领头羊。

当他们进入新的商业天地，不再是独自打拼，更多的时候是带领一个团队。

在这个团队中的每一个人需要各司其职，这时候就需要management。

Manegement是一种act，是一种行为。

相比于buniness，趋于平静，具有理论性和系统性。

这对business的管理要有良好的策略和科学的机制，适应于对应的商业企业，在长期的发展过程中不应该有偏颇，不可能有如business一样的投机取巧和一夜成功的可能性。

计划，组织，人事，领导，控制是management的基本职能，这是不可能仅仅依靠一个人的才智和能力可以实现的。

而只有一个齐心协力的秩序井然的管理阶层领导下的团队才能做到。

在我看来，货币是等价交换发展到一定阶段的产物，管理也应当就是商业发展到一定阶段的产物。

查询后的补充：在商业境地里，我们通常能听到一个词语叫“经营管理”，代表经营的business，代表管理的management其实就是一个不可分割的共同整体。

我们不可能有缺少管理的经营，也不会独立于经营之外的管理，在一定程度上管理服务于经营，经营依赖着管理。

business的用法与搭配一、business的基本含义在日常生活和商务领域中，我们时常会遇到单词“business”。

它是一个非常常见且多功能的词汇，可以用作名词、动词、形容词和副词。

作为名词，“business”表示商业活动或公司机构；作为动词，“business”可以表示经营或从事商业活动；作为形容词，“business”用来描述与商业有关的事物；而作为副词，“business”意味着认真去做某件事情。

二、business用法及搭配1. Doing business（经营）“Do business”是一个习惯用语，表示从事商业活动或经营某种业务。

这个短语可以用于许多不同的情景中，例如：- Many people dream of starting their own business.（很多人梦想开办自己的生意。

）- Our company has been doing business in this city for over 10 years.（我们公司在这个城市已经做了十多年的生意了。

）- We are looking for new opportunities to do business internationally.（我们正在寻找国际间拓展新业务的机会。

）2. Business trip（出差）“Business trip”指代前往其他地方进行商务活动、会议或考察等目的的旅行。

下面是一些相关表达方式：- I will be away from the office next week because I have a business trip to attend.（下周我因为要出差参加会议，不在办公室。

）- My boss asked me to go on a business trip to meet with potential clients in Europe.（我的老板让我去欧洲与潜在客户会面。