英汉翻译教程 自考英语Unit_1_Lesson_3

口译教程汉英翻译1—13单元译文Chapter 1: Introduction to InterpretationUnit 1: The Basics of InterpretationUnit 2: Types of InterpretationUnit 3: Skills Required for InterpretationChapter 2: The Process of InterpretationUnit 4: The Preparatory StageBefore starting the interpreting process, interpreters need to familiarize themselves with the topic and conduct research to understand the subject matter thoroughly. They should also prepare their interpreting equipment, such as headsets, microphones, and notepads. Additionally, interpreters may needto review and practice specialized terminology related to the event.Unit 5: The Interpreting StageDuring the interpreting stage, interpreters listen to the speaker and simultaneously translate their words into the target language. They must stay focused and concentrate on thespeaker's message to accurately convey the meaning. Interpreters should also pay attention to the speaker's tone, emotion, and non-verbal cues, as these elements can affect the interpretation.Unit 6: Note-taking TechniquesNote-taking is an essential skill for interpreters.Effective note-taking allows interpreters to retain important information and assist with memory recall during interpretation. Interpreters should develop their own note-taking system and use abbreviations and symbols to jot down key points quickly. However, note-taking should not interfere with active listening and immediate interpretation.Chapter 3: Consecutive InterpretationUnit 7: Introduction to Consecutive InterpretationConsecutive interpretation involves listening to one or several sentences in the source language and then reproducing them in the target language. It requires good memory retention and the ability to accurately convey the meaning. Interpreters should take notes and use their notes as a reference during the interpretation.Unit 8: The Techniques of Consecutive InterpretationInterpreters use several techniques during consecutive interpretation to ensure accurate and fluent delivery. These techniques include paraphrasing, summarizing, clarifying ambiguous statements, and maintaining natural rhythm and pacing. Interpreters should also adapt their interpretation style to match the speaker's tone and style.Unit 9: Consecutive Interpretation PracticeInterpreters can practice consecutive interpretation by engaging in role plays or shadowing experienced interpreters. They can also utilize practice materials, such as speeches, interviews, or articles, to improve their interpretation skills. Regular practice is essential for enhancing memory retention, improving fluency, and perfecting delivery.。

Lesson 1 The Questlate/early October 十月底/初fellow countrymen 同胞手足cold suspicion 疑虑重重militarist 军阀军阀家average height 中等身材gleaming eyes 眼睛闪者光辉border on the beautiful 称得上清秀in one’s middle twenties 二十五六岁stand squarely 端端正正地站着in a level voice 以平稳的语调the Chinese Communist Party 中国共产党candidate 候选人full member 正式会员（成员）keep a secret 保密in one’s honor以某人名义premier 总理（中国）Prime Minister 首相（英澳等国）The Grand Canal （京杭）大运河（07年考题）VIP贵宾（贵人）Lesson 2 The Story of My Lifethe immeasurable contrast 迥然不同an eventful day 一个重要的日子guess vaguely模模糊糊地预感到to and fro 来来往往an upturned face 微微仰着的脸prey upon sb 折磨某人a deep languor 身心疲惫passionate struggle 感情上的激烈的斗争dense fog 浓雾grope one’s way 摸索着向前wordless cry 无言的呼喊have no way of knowing 无法lesson 3 我和文学文学家a man of letters文学界literary circles传统观念traditional thinking人性发展human development 不合理的制度irrational system 攻击strike out主人公chief/principal characters 最高境界the highest ideal/state 作品a work of literature 浓妆艳抹heavy make-up丑八怪ugly monster流传久远stand the test of time 花言巧语flowery language各种流派different schools福利工厂welfare factory聋哑人deaf mute手语sign language（）百家争鸣let a hundred schools of thought contend伸冤to redress the injustices it had sufferedLesson 4 England before the Industrial Revolutionfrom dawn to dark 从早到晚the Industrial Revolution 工业革命self-made career 自我奋斗的生涯in the air 正在酝酿之中go about 四处奔走the rising town 新兴城市practical men 实干家grammar school 英国中等学校/文法学校conform to 遵从、信奉the Church of England 英国国教arteries of communication 交通动脉especially/peculiarly English具有英国特色的cottage industry 家庭手工业the Royal Society 皇家学会Oxford 牛津Cambridge 剑桥navigation 航行Lesson 5 Opportunities Open in the Westthe gold rush 淘金热mountainous regions 山区open up 开发high plains 高原lay the foundation for 为…打下基础permanent settlement 永久居住stock-raising 畜牧业enterprising men 有创意的人heavily pastured 过度放牧Homestead Act 宅地法legal title 合法手续wild west 西部荒原cease to be 不复存在basic occupation 基础产业machine farming 机械农业expansion into the west 向西部扩张Congress 国会Department of Agriculture 农业部门educational institutions 教育机构centers for scientific research 科学研究中心appropriate funds for 为…拨款lesson 6 新民主主义论新民主主义论On New Democracy五四运动the May 4th Movement辛亥革命the Revolution of 1911戊戌变法the Reform Movement of 1898 革命知识分子revolutionary intellectuals 无产阶级proletariat资产阶级bourgeoisie共产主义思想communist ideology统一战线a united front左/右翼left/right wing六三运动the June 3rd Movement广大的无产阶级the mass of the Proletariat 文化革命the cultural revolution 市民阶级the urban intelligentsia五卅运动the May 30th Movement in 1925北伐战争the Northern Expedition第一次世界大战World War I北洋军阀政府the Northern Warlord government民族危机national crisis巴黎和会the Paris Pease Conference示威游行hold a demonstration变本加厉to intensify罢工to go on strike马克思主义Marxism反封建运动anti-feudal movement反帝爱国斗争anti-imperialist patriotic struggle中国新民主主义革命China’s new-democratic revolution废除二十一条Abolish the Twenty-One Demands!外争国权内惩国贼Defend our sovereignty, punish the traitors!Lesson 7 Journey up the NileLife-giving 赋予生命的Nile Delta 尼罗河三角洲Mediterranean 地中海Nile Valley 尼罗河河谷freshly harvested 刚刚收割的Aswan High Dam 阿斯旺大坝floods and droughts 旱涝灾害negative effects 不良的后果ghost town 被遗弃而无人烟的村镇at the mouth of the river 河流的入海口summer resort 避暑胜地member of a team 队员drop anchor 抛锚pharaoh 法老（）the course of the Nile 尼罗河河道the Equator 赤道pyramid 金字塔half in, half out of the sea 一半泡在海里，一半在陆地上Lesson 8 AdelaideMediterranean climate 地中海气候mean temperature 平均温度surveyor general 测量总监Torrens River 托伦斯河business district 商业区residential section 居民区name for 任命lord mayoralty 市长职位municipal government 市政府marketing centre 贸易中心aided by 借助于raw material 原材料the bulk of 大部分、大半Natural History Museum 自然博物馆Festival of Arts 艺术节to the west of the city 市区以西backdrop 背景、布景Victoria Square 维多利亚广场gain a reputation as 赢得…荣誉automobile components 汽车零部件Lesson 9 The Imperial PalaceThe Imperial Palace 皇宫Moat 护城河the imperial garden 御花园the Palace Museum 故宫博物馆the Sun Yat-Sen Park 中山公园historical sites 历史遗址the cobbled roadway 鹅卵石路the cultural relics 文物the Nine-Dragon Screen 九龙壁glazed tiles 琉璃瓦the White Dagoba 白塔Iron Screen 铁影壁the Meridian Gate 午门the Outer Palace 外朝the Inner Court 内廷周长circumferenceHall of Supreme Harmony 太和殿the Gate of Supreme Harmony 太和门the Hall of Complete Harmony 中和门the Hall of Preservation Harmony 保和殿Lesson 10 A Global Economyfortunes are tied together 命运相连international trade 世界贸易embrace discipline 支持或遵守准则sovereign nation 主权国家foreign investment 海外投资aggregate output总产量coastal areas 沿海地区per capita GNP 人均生产总值telephone connections 电话用户two way trade 双向贸易/进出口贸易foreign exchange 外汇foreign exchange dealing 外汇交易mutual prosperity 共同繁荣bilateral trade 双边贸易a sound foundation 坚实基础sum total 总额joint ventures 合资企业offshore oil exploration 近海石油勘测Economic Performance 经济实力economic course 经济道路labor intensive industries 劳动密集型产业food production 食品加工业heavy/light industries 重/轻工业commercial and financial ties贸易与金融关系emerging markets 新兴市场industrial productivity 工业生产率Lesson11 China and Britain in the World Economymajor economy 经济大国financial services sector 金融服务业international bank lending 国际银行借贷flows of capital 资本流动outward investor 海外投资者trading nation 贸易国the Pacific region 太平洋地区net income 净收入inward investment 对内投资economic reform 经济改革a tribute to 归功于the open door policy 对外开放政策draw a conclusion 得出结论statistics 统计数字share of markets 市场份额economic liberalization 经济自由化domestic competition 国内竞争established markets 发育健全的市场European Union 欧盟（欧洲同盟）World Trade Organisation 世界贸易组织finite stock 定数、定量keep inflation in cheek 控制通货膨胀the international community 国际社会an average growth rate 平均增长率vast size and resources 地大物博have a stake in 与…利害攸关international trade and investment 国际贸易和投资viable future:有前景的未来the liberalization of world trade:世界贸易自由化lesson 12 中国能够依靠自己的力量实现粮食基本自给基本方针basic principle现阶段at the present stage单位面积产量the yield per unit area粮食总产量目标the total grain output target 兴修水利intensify water-control projects自给率self-sufficiency rate加快speed up弥补make up for复种指数the multiple crop index内陆水域inland waters 水产品aquatic products集约化intensification供需supply and demand畜产品animal by-products木本食物arbor foodstuffs努力于make efforts to do sth人工草场the artificial grassland 测算calculation可耕地arable land科技进步the development of science and technology生产力productivity/productive capacity/ productive forcesLesson 13 A V alentine to One Who Cared—Too MuchSaint Valentine’s Day 情人节footbridge 过街桥/人行桥agonizing flashbacks 痛苦的回忆reel down 蹒跚地走teem with 充满downpour 倾盆大雨river bed 河床in an instant 瞬间，片刻to give sth. much thought 仔细想某事fall apart 坍塌，四分五裂in spring and summer 春夏两季come and go 瞬时即去in need 需要帮助to walk a dog 遛狗mind you 请注意to take one’s report 做记录fiancé未婚夫the far bank 河对岸Lesson 14 How to Grow Oldmaternal grandfather 外祖父guard against 提防，防止great-grand mother 曾祖母devote oneself to 献身于popular science 科普读物absorption in the past 沉湎于过去the flower of one’s youth 风华正茂think to oneself 反思，细想length of infancy 幼年期的长度joys and sorrows 酸甜苦辣high er education 高等教育liver one’s own life 独立生活as regards至于，关于to cling to sth 依附，抓紧in the hope of 寄希望于be not unwelcome 未尝不好Lesson 15 旧梦重温旧梦重温going through old dreams所剩不多running short圣彼得（教堂）St Peter’s威斯敏斯特教堂the Westminster Abbey 梵蒂冈Vatican卢浮宫the Louvre花坛flower bed井底之蛙a frog at the bottom of a well中国少儿出版社the China Children Press 作序write a preface 大英博物馆the Britain Museum 游记travel notes散文集a collection of essays郁金香tulip丝绸之路the Silk Road教皇Pope斗兽场arena在…附近be close to使…能干… enable sb. to do sth 绚丽生动colorful and vividLesson 16 Tess of D’Urbervilleslineal representative 嫡系子孙be well-dressed 衣着讲究，衣冠楚楚on account of 由于，因为from head to toe 从头到脚to pick and choose 仔细挑选hum a tune 哼曲子，哼小调some little time ago 不久以前ride a step or two nearer 走近一两步country history 郡志the club dance 俱乐部舞会renowned knight 有名的武士in confirmation of 证实Lesson 17 An American Tragedyby nature 本性，本质drugstore 药店be engrossed in 专注于to hover about 犹豫，徘徊cast at him a glance 向他一瞥the capital of the boys 领班to get on 上进，进步pick up 学习，习得by nature a little irritable 生性有点暴躁Lesson 18 祝福祝福（中国习俗）the New Year’s Sacrifice 祥林嫂Xiang Lin’s Wife中间人，媒人the go-between小叔子brother-in-law不惜力气not to spare oneself没有神采的眼睛lackluster eyes 初冬early winter试工期内during one’s trial period 草窠the wolf’s den劈柴to chop wood福礼sacrificial meat果真sure enoughLesson 19 East of Edenwind and twist 蜿蜒曲折a part-time river 季节性河流to boast about 吹嘘，吹牛皮the late spring 暮春brush line灌木林带full of sun 阳光璀璨the Salinas Valley萨利纳斯河谷slip out of 流出the range of mountain 山脉a kind of invitation 殷勤邀请arid gully 干涸的峡谷a long narrow swale 狭长的洼地Lesson 20 The Sound of Musictake in 打量break the ice 打破沉默a far cry from 与…迥然不同a girl in her early teens 十来岁的女孩call sb. by name 点名，喊名the New Testament 《新约圣经》in utter amazement 非常惊奇the light of the setting sun 夕阳的余辉a delighted giggle 咯咯的笑声step by step 逐渐a resonant voice 响亮的声音night table 床头柜brass whistle 铜哨in well-mannered silence 规规矩矩，一声不响Lesson 21 找点活拉家带口be saddled with big families不响锣就不给钱No show, no pay绞尽脑汁to rack one’s brains灶王爷the kitten God烟头cigarette stubs排队queue up剧社opera troupe发烧run a fever瓢泼大雨（倾盆大雨）it rains cats and dogs 露天，户外in the open air零工odd jobs中国评剧院the China Pingju Theatre 都说我好speak well of me下班to knock off纺线to spin织毛衣to knit腊月the twelfth lunar month青一块紫一块get black and blueLesson 22 oilenormous creature 庞然大物the Arctic seas 北冰洋crude oil 原油oil drillers 钻探石油的人mineral oil 矿物油，石油lubrication 润滑sedimentary rocks 沉积岩pitch Lack 沥青湖a low boiling point 低沸点antiquity 古代superior to 优于，好于minute sea creature 海洋微生物geologist 地质学家paraffin 煤油perfume 香水oil-burning lamps 油灯gallon 加仑blubber 鲸脂in this respect 在这方面cod 鳕鱼halibut 比目鱼warship 军舰diesel locomotive 柴油机车internal combustion engine 内燃机refined into petrol 提炼成汽油a thin film of oil 一层薄薄的油whale 鲸鱼asphalt: 沥青prospecting 勘探gallon 加仑vapour 蒸汽shale 页岩refinery 炼油厂natural gas 天然气sedimentary rocks 沉积岩Lesson 23 The Other Roadright to know 知情权natural enemies of insects 昆虫的天敌subtropical plant 亚热带植物applied entomology 应用昆虫学an insect-free world 无昆虫的世界turn one’s back on 拒绝marine biologist 海洋生物学家living organisms 生物体be likened to 被比作a full-scale test 大规模实验infertile eggs 未受精卵superhigh way 高速公路pioneering work 尖端工作under the impetus of 在…推动下fork of the road 岔路口no more than 仅仅，只不过set foot on 走上，踏上the screw-worm fly 螺旋锥蝇the host 寄主mutations 变异infestation 传染colleagues 同事cigarette beetles 烟草甲虫open up new area 拓展新领域a warm-blooded animal 恒温动物new areas of thought 新的思维空间be taken in traps 落入圈套（或陷阱）而被捕获poisonous chemicals 有毒化学物质（化学毒物）the science of biotic control 生物控制（科）学Lesson 24 海洋可持续发展战略可持续发展sustainable development 大陆架continental shelf 沉积盆地sedimentation basins 纬度latitude淡水资源freshwater resources联合国公约UN Convention宝库treasure house生命支持系统bio-support system居世界第六位ranking sixth in the world 渔场the fishing grounds前言forward调节器regulators 观光景点scenic spots专属经济区exclusive economic zones滩涂tide lands海洋旅游业marine tourism国民经济national economy富于，有大量abound in行驶主权exercise sovereignty可再生能源the regenerable energy resource淡水资源总量amount of freshwater resources自然资源人均占有量natural resources per capitaLesson 25 Environmental Lawwaste disposal 废料处理/排污ecological environment 生态环境vaguely worded 含糊其词enacting legislation 立法strip mining 露天采矿to grant a license 颁发许可证a host of 大量的，众多的court action 诉讼aim at 针对，瞄准public concerns 公众关注federal law 联邦法enforcement power 执法权Federal Power Commission 联邦电力委员会court of appeals 上诉法院hearings 听证会cultural setting 文化背景lobby 院外活动集团amendment 修正案receptor language 接受语，译语national life 国民生计，人民生活Lesson 26 UNIVERSAL COPYRIGHT CONVENTIONInstrument of ratification 批准书Universal Convention 世界公约to be lost 迷失方向Contracting States 缔约国/成员国come into force 生效Geneva 日内瓦copyright proprietors 版权所有者works of the human mind 人类精神产品international system 国际制度as follows 如下be party to 参与hereinafter called 以下简称for the purpose of 就…而言Copyright protection/protection of the copyright 版权保护Lesson 27 中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法合营企业the equity joint venture 合法权益lawful rights and interests 毛利润gross profit 不可抵抗力force majeure停止营业the termination of business 个人所得税individual income tax董事会a board of directors储备基金reserve fund奖金与福利bonus and welfare注册资本the registered capital依法according to the law有限责任公司limited liability company 外汇帐户foreign exchange account公司章程articles of association生效come into force 仲裁机构arbitration agency违反合同 a breach of contract遵守comply with调解conciliation仲裁arbitration申请apply for向…提出申请file an application with合营各方the parties to the venture有关外汇事宜foreign exchange transactions享受免税的优惠待遇enjoy preferential treatment for exemptions根据平等互利的原则on the principle of equality and mutual benefit第五届全国人民代表大会第二次会议the second session of the Fifth National People’s Congress Lesson 28 Speech by President Nixon of the United States at Welcoming Banquetwelcoming banquet 欢迎宴会on behalf of 代表，以…名义pay tribute to 赞美/赞扬at the outset 首先，开始the magnificent dinner 盛宴the form of government 政体形式at this very moment 此时此刻differences 分歧compromise 妥协be destined to do sth 注定要telecommunications 电讯/电信common ground 共同点toast 祝酒词in lockstep 一起迈步plague 灾难in a personal sense 就个人来讲two peoples 两国人民in the spirit of frankness 本着坦率的精神all of your distinguished guests 诸位贵宾Lesson 29 Speech by Former U.S. President Carter at Welcoming BanquetFormer U.S. President 美国前总统the Long March 长征scientific exchange 科学交流full diplomatic relations 正式外交关系Sino-American relationship 中美关系international affairs 国际事物draw upon 利用the entire party 全体随行人员the hope and vision 希望与憧憬foundation 基金会Chinese citizen 中国公民non-governmental 非政府的，民间的in that regard就此而言national security policies 国家安全政策social security system 社会保障制度a historically significant experiment 具有历史意义的尝试policies of reform and opening to the outside world 改革开放政策Lesson 30 增进相互了解加强友好合作金秋时节golden fall生活方式way of life民族精神national spirit周边环境neighboring environment 民族意识national identity政治基础political foundation 先秦the pre-Qin days独立自主independence面向be oriented to归根到底in the final analysis自我完善self-improvement精神力量moral force不屈不挠的斗争dauntless struggle 文明的culturally advanced 民主政治democracy民族团结ethnic harmony 设法解决grapple with it彻底粉碎completely smash现代化建设modernization/ modernization drive半殖民地半封建semi-colonial and semi-feudal社会主义法治国家a socialist country under the rule of law历史文化传统historical and cultural traditions和平共处五项原则the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence（历年试题）互不干涉内政non-interference in each other’s internal affairs科教兴国rejuvenate China through science and education社会主义市场经济socialist market economy完成祖国统一大业achieve national reunification、学术交流academic exchange诺贝尔奖获得者Nobel Prize winner振兴中华rejuvenation of China人类文明的发祥地the cradle of human civilization区域自治regional autonomy平等互利的原则the principle of equality and mutual benefit（06年）Saint Valentine’s Day 情人节Right to know 知情权The stock of foreign investment 外资存量Summer resort 避暑胜地A breach of contract 违约Presidential campaign 总统竞选Advanced agrotechnology 先进的农业技术Economic sanctions 经济制裁Pharaoh法老G8 summit 八国集团首脑会议互不干涉内政non-interference in each other’s internal affairs平等互利的原则the principle of equality and mutual benefit科教兴国rejuvenate China through science and education享受免税的优惠待遇enjoy the preferential treatment of tax exemption社会主义市场经济the socialist market economy完成祖国统一大业achieve national reunification七届人大第三次会议the third session of the Seventh National People’s Congress 合同的中止或终止the suspension or termination of the contract安理会常任理事国permanent member of the Security Council和谐社会harmonious society07Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚Encyclopaedia Britannica 大英百科全书The budget for revenues and expenditures 收支平衡Investment in cash and in kind 以现金和实物进行投资Multilateral principles 多边规则Geneticist遗传学家Self-sufficiency through self-reliance 通过自力实现自给自足Diesel locomotive 柴油机车Aviation and marine insurance 航空和海事保险Appreciation of RMB 人民币升值润滑油lubrication oil《世界版权公约》Universal Copyright Convention欢迎宴会the welcoming banquet欧盟联盟European Union非政府组织non-governmental organization文学流派school of literature京杭大运河the Grand Canal专属经济区the exclusive economic zones青藏铁路the Qinghai-Tibet Railway社会保障social security08Man of letters 作家Roman Catholic cathedral 罗马天主教堂Maternal grandfather外祖父Mineral deposits 矿藏Offshore oil exploration 近海石油勘探Arteries of communication 交通动脉Director-general 总干事The Clean Air Act Amendment 空气洁净法修正案Olympic mascot 奥运吉祥物Global warming 全球变暖外汇交易foreign exchange dealing手语sign language荒漠desert海洋旅游业marine tourism水产品aquatic products调解或仲裁conciliation or arbitration上海合作组织Shanghai Cooperation Organization食品安全food safety中共十七大the 17th National Congress of the CPC志愿者volunteer09Exclusive right 专有权Al-Qaeda 基地组织Livestock raiser 家畜饲养者Epicenter 震中Bear market 熊市Arable land 可耕种土地CPI 消费者价格指数historic sites 历史古迹Bull’s-eye 耙心Urban dweller 城市居民文学界literary circle节能减排energy-saving and emission reduction 火炬接力一项长期的战略任务法律咨询反腐败畅销书自然资源海峡两岸关系双赢。

Lesson 2 The Story of My LifeThe most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne Mansfield Sullivan, came to me. I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it connects. It was the third of March, 1997, there months before I was seven years old.On the afternoons of that eventful day, I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant. I guessed vaguely from my mother’s signs and from the hurrying to and fro in the house that something unusual was about to happen, so I went to the door and waited on the steps. The afternoon sun penetrated the mass of honeysuckle that covered the porch, and fell on my upturned face. My fingers lingered almost unconsciously on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come forth to greet the sweet southern spring. I did not know what the future held of marvel or surprise for me. Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languor had succeeded this passionate struggle.Have you ever been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in, and they great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way toward the shore with plummet and sounding-line and you waited with beating heart of something to happen? I was like that ship before my education began, only I was without compass or sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the harbour was. “light! Give me light!” was the wordless cry of my soul, and the light of love shone on me in that very hour.Lesson 3 My Life and Literaturea few days ago, a Japanese author asked me how I was able to appreciate authors and books of so many different schools. I replied, ‘I am not ‘man of letters’’ , nor do I belong to any particular school. Thus I am not restricted in any way.”Then he asked me, “you’ve written many, many books. How can you say you’ re not a man of letters?” I replied, “as long as I’m not a man of letter, I ‘m not subject to any of the rules of literature. Nor do I have to be afraid of being thrown out of any literary circles.”What are my enemies? “all outmoded traditional thinking; any irrational system which obstructs social progress or human development; any force which tramples on love—all these things are my enemies.” All my books were written with the express purpose of denouncing, exposing and striking out at these enemies of mine.In the twenty years between 1929 and 1948, I wrote very quickly and wrote a great deal. I felt as if my mind was being whipped, as if my mind was being whipped, as if a ghost had commandeered my pen and was writing to readdress the injustices it had suffered. I both cried and laughed along with my principal characters, and often despondently scratched my head.When I say that I write like I live, and that the highest ideal a work of literature can attain is to be at one with life, and that an author should be able to identify with his readers, I basically mean that books and their authors should never tell lies.I’ve also said recently on another occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness. When I was arguing this point with a friend several decades ago, I said, “physically attractive people don’t need heavy make-up. Though my writing resembles my ugly monster, it actually looks a little better without any embellishment.” His reply was, “literary works have stood the test of time because of the skill with which they were written. Who today really cares about the details of what life was like a hundred years ago?”I disagree. Readers are moved by the life reflected in a story and the fate of the chief characters. This means I oppose fabrication, deception and flowery language. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.。

Unit 1 Stories考纲内容1.故事选篇。

其特点是: 以第一人称或第三人称讲述自己或别人的经历。

情节具体，文笔细腻生动。

2.语言对比：(1) 代词英语代词用得很多，汉语实词用得多。

英语可先出代词，后出实词，汉语则相反。

（2）形容词与副词注意搭配，一种语言可用的搭配，不一定能用于另一种语言。

有时形容词或副词汉词时可单独处理。

3. 考核要求翻译中有处理以下问题的能力（1）所选故事的特点及理解方面的难点（2）代词（3）形容词与副词单元知识解读一、故事文章故事文章一般分为两种：以第一人称谈自己或以第三人称记述别人的事迹。

这类文章一般会是真人真事，能够引起读者阅读的兴趣。

文字生动活泼，文笔细腻生动。

翻译这类文章时就忠实原文，译文应通顺，翻译可具有一定的灵活性，不必过于拘泥于原文的句子结构。

Have you ever been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in, and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way towardthe shore with plummet and sounding-line and you waited with beating heart for something to happen? I was like that ship before my education began, only I was without compass or sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the harbour was. “light! Give me light!” was the wordless cry of my soul, and the light of love shone on me in that very hour. (p10)你是否曾有过这样的经历---在海上航行遇上了大雾，周围一片白，好像着实把你关在一个黑暗的地方，大船上的人又紧张又着急，一面用铅锤和测深绳探测深浅，一面向岸边慢慢驶去，你的心也怦怦直跳，生怕出事？我在开始接受教育之前，就像那条船，只是我没有罗盘、没有测深绳，也无法知道离海港有多远。

自考公共英语（一）课文翻译UNIT 1Text A【课文译文】怎样成为一名成功的语言学习者“学习一门语言很容易，即使小孩也能做得到。

”大多数正在学习第二语言的成年人会不同意这种说法。

对他们来说，学习一门语言是非常困难的事情。

他们需要数百小时的学习与练习，即使这样也不能保证每个成年语言学习者都能学好。

语言学习不同于其他学习。

许多人很聪明，在自己的领域很成功，但他们发现很难学好一门语言。

相反，一些人学习语言很成功，但却发现很难在其他领域有所成就。

语言教师常常向语言学习者提出建议：“要用新的语言尽量多阅读”，“每天练习说这种语言”，“与说这种语言的人住在一起”，“不要翻译——尽量用这种新的语言去思考”，“要像孩子学语言一样去学习新语言”，“放松地去学习语言。

”然而，成功的语言学习者是怎样做的呢?语言学习研究表明，成功的语言学习者在许多方面都有相似之处。

首先，成功的语言学习者独立学习。

他们不依赖书本和老师，而且能找到自己学习语言的方法。

他们不是等待老师来解释，而是自己尽力去找到语言的句式和规则。

他们寻找线索并由自己得出结论，从而做出正确的猜测。

如果猜错，他们就再猜一遍。

他们都努力从错误中学习。

成功的语言学习是一种主动的学习。

因此，成功的语言学习者不是坐等时机而是主动寻找机会来使用语言。

他们找到(说)这种语言的人进行练习，出错时请这些人纠正。

他们不失时机地进行交流，不怕重复所听到的话，也不怕说出离奇的话，他们不在乎出错，并乐于反复尝试。

当交流困难时，他们可以接受不确切或不完整的信息。

对他们来说，更重要的是学习用这种语言思考，而不是知道每个词的意思。

最后，成功的语言学习者学习目的明确。

他们想学习一门语言是因为他们对这门语言以及说这种语言的人感兴趣。

他们有必要学习这门语言去和那些人交流并向他们学习。

他们发现经常练习使用这种语言很容易，因为他们想利用这种语言来学习。

你是什么样的语言学习者?如果你是一位成功的语言学习者，那么你大概一直在独立地、主动地、目的明确地学习。