Unit.13 虚拟语气

高二英语 Unit 2 Grammar 虚拟语气 II 人教新课标版选修 6一、学习目标：1. 学习虚拟语气在名词性从句中及其他从句中的应用。

2. 掌握虚拟语气使用的语境及方法。

二、重点、难点：虚拟语气在各种从句中的句型结构。

三、考情分析：在高考题中，目前全国19套各省试题中涉及到虚拟语气知识点的占30%以上，因此这一语法项目在高考中变得越来越重要。

这一知识点经常以单项选择题的形式出现，分值为1分。

而且，我们在日常对话中也经常会用到虚拟语气。

四、知能提升（一）知识讲解【认知讲解】l. 虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法：1）在“It is important (strange，natural，necessary)that…”这类句型里，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”结构，表示某事是“重要”、“奇怪”、“自然”、“必要”的等意义。

It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules.重要的是每个成员都应该知道这些规则。

It is necessary that we (should) do something to protect the environment.我们每一个人都很有必要做些事情来保护环境。

It is strange that a well behaved gentleman should be so rude to the lady.真奇怪，那个举止得体的绅士竟然对那位女士如此粗鲁。

2）It is ordered/suggested that…从句that引导的主语从句的谓语动词用“(should)+v.”结构。

这一类的动词还有：propose, require, demand, request, insist, ask等。

It is ordered that the cloth (should) be woven right now.命令传来，应该马上织布。

新概念英语第四册课后习题答案Unit 1 CABDD BDAAC AB Unit 2 BCBDC ACAAD BC Unit 3 CABDA CDABA CD Unit 4 ACCAB BCDAA BD Unit 5 CABAB DACBB DD Unit 6 CACCC AAADB AA Unit 7 DCABA BACDA AC Unit 8 BDABD BAABC BC Unit 9 CDBAA CABAC AD Unit 10 CAABD CBBDC AA Unit 11 AABDD DADDB DD Unit 12 CABAC CDACA AB Unit 13 ACDAC BDABC AD Unit 14 DBDCC ACCBD BD Unit 15 CADCD DBACA CA Unit 16 ABCCA DDBAB AC Unit 17 BBADA BBDCD CA Unit 18 BABCD CDCCC BA Unit 19 BBCAD AABDD BC Unit 20 BCADC CCBDB CA Unit 21 BDBBA ADDAB CA Unit 22 CDACB ADBCD AB Unit 23 CADCC DCABC AC Unit 24 AACCB CADDA CD Unit 25 DBADD CACDB CA Unit 26 CBCBA CDDAB AC Unit 27 BCDCC ACCDD DA Unit 28 ADCDA BCADA BD Unit 29 CCADD CCADA BC Unit 30 CABDD BCCAC DC Unit 31 AABAD BADDC BD Unit 32 BDCBA DBDCA BC Unit 33 BDBAD BCCDC BA Unit 34 DCACB DACDB CA Unit 35 CBCAC ABBDC CD Unit 36 ACBCC ACCDB AC Unit 37 CABAC DBCDC BD Unit 38 CAABB ACBDD AB Unit 39 BCADA BDDBD BC Unit 40 DCDAC ADDDA DB Unit 41 ACACD CBBBD BC Unit 42 BCCBD BDADC AC Unit 43 DBABC CDDAC BB Unit 44 AAAAB BBBDC BA Unit 45 CADAC CACDC DC Unit 46 BBDBD ABCDA BD Unit 47 CAADB CACDB BC Unit 48 CCBCC CCDBA AB新概念4 笔记/nce/24278_2.shtmlUnit 1 Finding fossil man一、重点单词解释1、recount：v.叙述注意读音，重音在后。

Ⅰ.根据词性及汉语提示写出单词1．tear n．眼泪v t.撕开，撕破2．upset adj.不安的，不快的v.打翻，使心烦意乱3．shelter v t.躲避4．personality n．个性，性格→personal adj.个人的，私人的5．independent adj.独立的→independence n．独立6．selfish adj.自私的→self n．自己，自我7.sharp adj.锋利的；敏锐的；尖的→sharpen v t.使敏锐；削尖8．desire n．渴望，欲望→desirable adj.值得的，令人满意的；性感的9．requirement n．要求→require v t.要求10．aboard prep.在(上)船(飞机、火车、公共汽车)上→board v t.上(船、火车、公共汽车、飞机等)11．assistant n．助手，助理→assist v．帮助；协助→assistance n．帮助，援助12．relief n．减轻，宽慰→relieve v t.解除；消除；减轻13．scholar n．学者→scholarship n．奖学金14．satisfaction n．满意，满足Ⅱ.补全短语1．deal with处理；涉及2．care about 担心，关心3．by oneself 独自地，单独地4．give up 放弃5．used to do sth. 过去常常做某事6．make a decision 决定下来，作出决定；下决心7．be patient with 对……有耐心8．since then自那时起9．get lost迷路10．at the moment 目前11．earn money 赚钱12．a set of ... 一副，一套，一组13．fall behind 落在……的后面1．I've just seen Ian holding a bunch of flowers and walking into a restaurant.我刚看见伊恩拿着一束鲜花走进了一家饭店。

虚拟语气练习一，完成句子。

1. The guest recommended_______________(把音乐关掉).2. I hope________________________ (我能像鸟一样).3. If he had known this news earlier, he___________________ (不会做出这样的傻事).4. Your advice that_____________(我们好好休息一下) is accepted by us all.5. The commander gave an order that all the soldiers____________ (准备打下一次战役).6. It is necessary that every student____________(有一本英英词典).7. You can borrow my bike if you__________________(今天能还给我).8. Without your timely help, I__________________(无法独自完成任务).9. If only I__________________(是个百万富翁).10. John insisted that we_____________(再试一次).11. It is important that we________(learn) something about computer.12. It was a pity that you________(be) so careless in the test.13. He speaks English so fluently as if he_________(study) English in England.14. We all agreed to his suggestion that we________(make) a study team to study more efficiently.15. If you_________(take) my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the history examination.16. It will be desired that she_______(finish) her homework this afternoon.17. The doctor ordered that the patient__________(stay) in bed for a few days.18. _______ you_______(arrive) at the hotel earlier, you would have seen him.19. May you__________(be) happy!20. It is high time we________(leave) now.21. Never in my life______ I _________(hear) such a thing.22. If you had worked very hard this morning, you_______(be) tired now.23. If you _________(come) the day after tomorrow, we would have the meeting.24. _________(be) it not for the high expense, I would fly to the United States to spend my holiday.25. I’d rather that you__________(learn )the news before I tell you.二，单项选择练习1. They insisted that you________ them a quick and definite answer.A. should giveB. will giveC. must giveD. would give2. I insisted that I________ the book to him, but he just wouldn’t believe me.A. should returnB. had returnedC. will returnD. was returning3. You__________ to my birthday party yesterday as you had promised, but what was the reason for your absence?A. have comeB. cameC. should have comeD. had come4. There was plenty of time, you__________.A. mustn’t have hurriedB. couldn’t have hurriedC. needn’t have hurriedD. wouldn’t have hurried5. Professor Li didn’t come yesterday, or I________ chance to discuss the problem with him.A. would haveB. were to haveC. might have hadD. had had6. The rich man acts as if he_________ everything in the world.A. knewB. knowC. will knowD. had know7. The old man suggested that the plan_________.A. will be passedB. must be passedC. not be passed C. pass8. The young girl insisted that she________ to the young man she loved.A. would be engagedB. be engaged toC. should engageD. must be engaged9. －Have you been to the National Gallery? －No, but I really wish I________.A. willB. didC. haveD. had10. ________, we would still be leading a hard life.A. Have we not found a new jobB. Had we not found a high-paid jobC. Since we have found a new jobD. If we haven’t fond a high-paid job11. ______, he would have passed the entrance examination.A. Had he worked harderB. If he was working hardC. If he has been working harderD. If he worked harder12. The man died of heart attack jus now. If he_______ to the hospital half an hour earlier, the doctor might have saved his life.A. was sentB. has been sentC. had been sentD. had sent13. What would you do if the war_________?A. will break outB. were to break outC. would break outD. is broken out14. The shopkeeper moved to another city last year, otherwise be_______ in our neighborhood.A. will still workB. should still workC. would have workedD. would still be working15. If it__________ so hard, he would go to buy some fruit in the supermarket.A. weren’t rain ingB. isn’t rainingC. doesn’t rainD. isn’t going to rain16. Without your help, our project_________ already.A. would have failedB. w ouldn’t failC. wouldn’t have failedD. has failed17. ________ for the clouds, you would find the balloons in the sky easily.A. If it hadn’t beenB. If it was notC. Were it notD. Had it not been18. The kid talks in public about his dream as if he_______ a grown-up.A. wasB. wereC. had beenD. is19. She was ill in bed that day, otherwise she_______ the first prize.A. would winB. had wonC. should winD. would have won20. The students couldn’t work out the problem if he________ Unit 3.A. hadn’t studiedB. didn’t studyC. wouldn’t studyD. hasn’t studied21. It is about time we________ home.A. goB. have goneC. wentD. would go22. Father_________ me a present for my birthday, but he was short of money at the time.A. would buyB. had boughtC. would have boughtD. bought23. He made a proposal that a meeting________ to discuss the problem.A. be heldB. should holdC. will be heldD. was held24. Mother didn’t g ive a reply, which suggested that she_______ to the child’s idea.A. agreeB. agreedC. agreesD. will agree25. It is natural that children_______ with mother.A. be stayedB. stayedC. stayD. will stay26. I_________to stay here for about a month, but I changed my mind.A. had hopedB. would have hopedC. must hopeD. hoped27. He went to listen to the lecture at last because he________ nothing about the lecture without attending it.A. would knowB. would have knownC. didn’t knowD. knew28. He got up earlier than before so that he_________ the early bus that time.A. would have caughtB. caughtC. should catchD. might catch29. _________ the engineer come, the machine would get repaired.A. WouldB. WillC. ShouldD. Had30. I_________ the task already if I had had enough time.A. would have finishedB. would finishC. had finishedD. should finish31. －I saw Betty in the library yesterday.－You__________ her, she is still in hospital.A. mustn’t have seenB. could not seeC. can’t have seenD. must not see32. Hardly _________ his speech when he saw the audience rise as one.A. had he finishedB. did he finishC. he finishedD. he had finished33.________ the friendship between our two people last forever!A. CouldB. MayC. WouldD. Must34. If I________ him tomorrow, I will invite him home.A. should seeB. will seeC. would seeD. see35. If we_______ enough rain, we cold have gained a good harvest.A. had hadB. hadC. have hadD. have36. Were I ten years younger, I________ all over again.A. will startB. would startC. have startedD. will have started37. It’s about time we_______ a good discussion about what you have done recently.A. should haveB. haveC. have hadD. will have38. The article suggests that vitamin C_____ very important for our health.A. should beB. will beC. isD. was39. I’d rather we_________ a rest right now.A. haveB. hadC. have hadD. had had40. If he_______ the doctor’s advice, he_______ quite all right now.A. followed; would beB. had followed; would beC. had followed, would have beenD. has followed; will be41. You______ his parents. They have already known about it.A. needn’t have toldB. don’t have toldC. wouldn’t have toldD. ought to have told42. It is very important that one_______ a foreign language.A. masteredB. has masteredC. should masterD. to master43. －Are there going to be many guests at your party today?－We hope that_______.A. there will beB. there are goingC. there areD. there going to be44. －Barbara sat in the front seat on the left side of the classroom.－Oh! I thought she_______ in the back.A. is sittingB. had satC. will sitD. sat45. It is strange that he_________ back at this time.A. will comeB. should have comeC. would comeD. had come45. If only I_______ my keys!A. hadn’t lostB. wouldn’t loseC. would comeD. had come46. If only I_______ my keys!A. hadn’t lostB. wouldn’t loseC. haven’t lostD. didn’t lose47. But for water, it________ impossible to live in the desert.A. isB. wereC. would beD. will be48. I wish he________ such a bad toothache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.A. didn’t haveB. hadn’t haveC. hadn’t hadD. hadn’t49. He is always talking about life abroad as if he__________ abroad.A. had beenB. has beenC. beenD. was50. The professor demanded that the homework________ before next Friday.A. must be handed inB. would be handed inC. be handed inD. must be handed in51. Where is my pen? I_______ it.A. might loseB. would have lostC. should have lostD. must have lost52. He______ you more help, even though he was very busy.A. might have givenB. might giveC. may have givenD. may give53. We________ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studiedB. might studyC. should have studiedD. would study54. Tom ought not to________ me your secret, but he meant no harm.A. have toldB. tellC. be tellingD. having told55. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I________ for her.A. had to write it outB. must have written it outC. should have written it outD. ought to write it out56. －There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.－It______ a comfortable journey.A. can’t beB. shouldn’t beC. mustn’t have beenD. couldn’t’ have been57. You didn’t let me drive. If we_________ in turn, you_____ so tired.A. drove; didn’t getB. drove; wouldn’t getC. were driving; wouldn’t getD. had driven; wouldn’t have go t58. －Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?－I______ , but I had an unexpected visitor.A. hadB. wouldC. was going toD. did59. －I stayed at a hotel while in New York. －Oh, did you? You_______ with Barbara.A. could have stayedB. could stayC. would stayD. must have stayed60. I was really anxious about you. You_______ home without a word.A. mustn’t leaveB. shouldn’t have leftC. couldn’t have leftD. needn’t leave61. I wish I_________ you yesterday.A. seenB. did seeC. had seenD. wer to see62. Without electricity human life_______ quite difficult today.A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be63. Sorry, I’m late. I_______ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A. mightB. shouldC. canD. will64. She was thankful that she’d had her baby in hospital; otherwise, she thought the baby ________.A. diedB. had diedC. might have diedD. might die65. You_______ all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.A. needn’t have doneB. shouldn’t have doneC. must not have doneD. cannot have done66. The room is in terrible mess; it_______ cleaned.A. can’t have beenB. shouldn’t have beenC. mustn’t have beenD. wouldn’t have been参考答案预备练习/翻译练习1. the music be turned off2. I could fly as a bird3. wouldn’t have done such a silly thing4. we have a good rest5. be prepared for the next battle6. have an English-Englishdictionary7. can return it to me today8. wouldn’t have finished the task by myself9. were a millionaire 10. have a try one again预备练习/动词填空1. learn2. (should) be3. had studied4. make5. had taken6. (should) finish7. stay 8. Had; arrived 9. be10. left 11. have; heard 12. would be13. came 14. Were 15. had learned预备练习/单项选择练习1.A2.B3.C4.C5.C6.A7.C8.B9.D 10.B11.A 12.C 13.B 14.D 15.A 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.D 20.A21.C 22.C 23.A 24.B 25.C 26.A 27.B 28.D 29.C 30.A31.C 32.A 33.B 34.D 35.A 36.B 37.A 38.C 39.B 40.B41.A 42.C 43.A 44.B 45.B 46.B 47.B 48.C 49.A 50.C真题自测/单项选择1.D2.B3.C4.A5.C6.D7.D8.B9.A 10.B11.C 12.D 13.A 14.C 15.A 16.A真题解析1.对过去发生的事实的肯定推测，用的结构；对现在的事实的肯定推测用must+do。

高二英语Unit 13 People〔I〕北师大版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Unit 13 People〔I〕Teaching aims：知识目标：1. 掌握本单元出现的重要词汇与其用法。

2. 通过阅读本单元的阅读材料掌握一些有用的句型，提高阅读能力。

3. 锻炼学生的听说能力。

4. 学习和掌握Past Participles的用法并学习使用情态动词表示猜测的用法。

技能目标：学习客观准确地描述和分析一个人的特征和性格。

德育目标：正确认识自我，确立正确的人际交往意识。

Teaching important and difficult points:1. Learn about Past Participles and model verbs to make guesses.2. Write a description of a person.本课时教学目标：掌握本单元出现的重要词汇与其用法.beard n.〔下巴上的〕胡须moustache 髭须whiskers 颊须，连鬓胡子blond n. 金发碧眼的人，尤其指女人adj. 浅黄色的，金色的blond hair 金色的头发teenager n. 青少年，十几岁的孩子adj.teenage 十几岁的，青少年的from side to sidefrom all sides / from every side 从各个方面e.g. We must study this problem from all sides.我们必须全方面地研究这个问题。

side by side 肩并肩stand by one’s side 站在某人旁边，从道义上支持某人take sides with sb. / take the side of sb. 同意某人的观点，支持某人pay attention (to) 注意pay little / no / much attention to不注意／很注意e.g. Much attention has been paid to the question.come up with 提出The question that they came up with is very important.请比照put up withcatch up withgifted adj. = talented 有天分的，有才华的a gifted singer / studentbe gifted in / at sth.n. 天份，才华，礼物have a gift for sth. 对……有天份a man of many gifts 一个多才多艺的人a birthday gift 一份生日礼物vt. 赠送gift sb. with sth. / gift sth. tosb.promise n. 诺言keep one’s promise / break one’s promisev. 许诺，答应He promised to support me.I want you to promise me one thing .She promised me to see the film.It promises to be warm this afternoon.promising adj. 有前途的She is a promising singer .matter n. 物质，事物vi. 重要—I forgot to bring you the dictionary.—It doesn’t matter.It matters that you haven’t finished your work on time.concentrate 集中，专心致志于vi. We should concentrate on / upon how to prevent water pollution . vt. I always concentrate my attention on what the teacher says in class . concentration n.a boy of little concentration 一个不专心的男孩注意比拟center on / focus ontalk sb. into doing sth. ask / beg / try to persuade sb. to do sth. solution n. 解决方法常与介词to连用the solution to this matter同类的词还有：the key to the lockthe answer to the questionthe entrance to the buildingthe index to the bookdescribe vt. 描述，形容，表示Words can’t describe my joy .We don’t agree to describe him as a hero .description n. 描述beyond description 难以形容种类of all descriptions 各种各样的disabled adj. 残疾的He was disabled in the accident .the disabled 残疾人〔总称〕The disabled are taken good care of in that city .disability n.His disability prevents him from getting a job .( 无能，不可数)People with physical disabilities are called the disabled .(残疾，可数)fail v. fail to do sth. 忘记做，没能做Don’t fail to ring me .fail in doing sth. 做某事失败了Tom failed in passing the driving test .failure n. 失败Failure is the mother of success .失败是成功之母。

英语虚拟语气的三种时态三种时态中的英语虚拟语气虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）是英语语法中的一种特殊形式，用来表达与事实相反、与现实不符合或带有假设、建议、命令等语气的情况。

在英语中，虚拟语气可用于过去、现在和将来三种时态。

本文将详细介绍英语虚拟语气在这三种时态中的应用。

一、过去式虚拟语气（Past Subjunctive）过去式虚拟语气用于对过去发生的事情进行虚拟表达。

它通常与“if”或“wish”等引导的从句连用，表示对过去事实的非真实假设或对过去的遗憾、愿望等。

用法如下：1. 与现在事实相反的假设：If I were you, I would apologize.（如果我是你，我会道歉。

）If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.（如果她学得更努力，她就能通过考试。

）2. 对过去的遗憾、愿望：I wish I had taken that job.（我希望我当时接受了那份工作。

）He wishes he were taller.（他希望自己更高一些。

）二、现在式虚拟语气（Present Subjunctive）现在式虚拟语气用于对现在或将来的事情进行虚拟表达。

它通常与“if”或“suggest”等引导的从句连用，表示对现实的非真实假设、建议或要求。

用法如下：1. 对现在事实相反的假设：If it were to rain, we would stay at home.（如果下雨的话，我们将呆在家里。

）I suggest that he be more careful.（我建议他更加小心。

）2. 对现在的建议或要求：It is important that she arrive on time.（她准时到达是很重要的。

） They demanded that he pay the bill immediately.（他们要求他立即支付账单。

北师大版高中英语必修五第1讲：Unit13 people-词汇篇1（教师版）这歌手越来越受到人们的欢迎。

(3)(钟、表等)走快【典型例句】We gained experience by working during the summer.我们从暑期的工作中获得了经验.Students gain knowledge by reading.学生们通过阅读增加知识。

We gained our destination before dark.我们天黑之前到达了目的地。

My watch gains five minutes a day.我的表一天快五分钟。

2. concentrate vi.&vt.集中(注意力、思想等)集中于某处；使集中于一点【精讲拓展】concentrate on/uponconcentrate one’s attention onconcentration n.【典型例句】We must concentrate our attention on efficiency.我们必须把注意力集中在效率上。

For centuries the population of Europe has been concentrated in large cities.几个世纪以来，欧洲的人口一直集中在大城市里。

It’s hard to concentrate on writing a letter with the TV on.开着电视机很难集中精力写信。

Concentration is essential if you want to do a good job.如果你想把事情做好，专心是必要的。

3. connect vt.&vi.连接；结合；连结，接通电话，(与with连用)有联系，有关搭配：connect with /to；connection n.be connected to/with/by【典型例句】This railway connects London and Edinburgh.这条铁路连接伦敦与爱丁堡。