2018版高三英语一轮复习2012-2016年五年真题分类语法知识小题及答案

Ⅰ.阅读理解(2016·重庆三峡名校联盟12月联考)When I was six，my mother placed me in a boarding school. For the next nine years，I never slept in a room that contained less than 30 other kids in it. So，when I was promoted to senior at the high school for my final year there，I had the greatest pleasure of rooming with just one other classmate，and the added feature of a semi-private bathroom.We seniors also had the privilege of walking around the campus in special hats，we called senior bonnets，so all the other kids would know we were the highest in the high school. As seniors，we frequently went on field trips outside the campus，including city museums，city hall，courts，colleges，sports events and theaters. The highlight was a senior class trip to Washington，D.C.，where we sat in on a session of Congress，visited the Smithsonian and visited many other government sites around the city.Another benefit of being seniors was that many of us on athletic and other extra-curricular teams were elected to high rankings for the year. I had the honor and pleasure of being chosen captain of our state championship swim team，while my roommate was voted president of the dramatic club.Graduation services were on a sunny day in June. Each of us had looked forward to this moment for ten years，from first grade through our senior year. Now we were going out on our own to complete freedom，and we should have been flooded with joy. However，to my surprise，I found myself crying，something I hadn't done for years. I noticed many of my classmates，also usually proud of their macho guy(大男子气概) attitudes，were also wiping away tears. We knew we would never be together again as we were on that graduation day. Our senior year ended with deep feelings of sadness for our loss，as well as joy for our emerging into a new world beyond the school campus.语篇导读作者回忆了自己高中毕业前的生活，特别是毕业时的伤感心情。

专题一记叙文2016年高考题Cloze 12016全国卷Ⅰ，30分词数：269A Heroic DriverLarry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 1 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 2 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 3 he got closer, he found 4 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 5 shooting out from under the 6 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 7 the fire extinguisher(灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.The man who had his bright lights on 8 and told Larry he had 9 an emergency call. They 10 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的) vehicle. 11 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 12 until the emergency personnel arrived, 13 she thought the car was going to 14 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 15 she injured her neck.Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 16 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 17 if he was needed or 18 to go. They let him and the other man go.One thing is 19 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 20 most likely saved the woman’s life.1.A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing2.A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers3.A. Since B. Although C. As D. If4.A. each B. another C. that D. his5.A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam6.A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned7.A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled8.A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over9.A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed10.A. then B. again C. finally D. even11.A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching12.A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm13.A. for B. so C. and D. but14.A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash15.A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after16.A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out17.A. woman B. police C. man D. driver18.A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free19.A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked20.A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promiseCloze 22016全国卷Ⅲ，30分词数：277When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant1 Miller King, who was the best2 at our school.Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my footballeverywhere for 3 .Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from 4 . He looked very 5 , but he didn’t cry.That season, I 6 all of Miller’s records while he 7 the home games from the bench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 8 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 9 .One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller 10 going over a fence —which wasn’t 11 to climb if you had both arms. I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept 12 from. But even that challenge he accepted. I 13 him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally 14 on the other side, he said to me, "You know, I didn’t tell you this during the season, but you did 15 . Thank you for filling in for 16 ."His words freed me from my bad 17 . I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was 18 ahead of me. I was right to have 19 him. From that day on, I grew 20 and a little more real.1.A. cheering for B. beating out C. relying on D. staying with2.A. coach B. student C. teacher D. player3.A. practice B. show C. comfort D. pleasure4.A. school B. vacation C. hospital D. training5.A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D. ashamed6.A. held B. broke C. set D. tried7.A. reported B. judged C. organized D. watched8.A. and B. then C. but D. thus9.A. decision B. mistake C. accident D. sacrifice10.A. stuck B. hurt C. tired D. lost11.A. steady B. hard C. fun D. fit12.A. praise B. advice C. assistance D. apology13.A. let B. helped C. had D. noticed14.A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D. safe15.A. fine B. wrong C. quickly D. normally16.A. us B. yourself C. me D. them17.A. memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams18.A. still B. also C. yet D. just19.A. challenged B. cured C. invited D. admired20.A. healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D. coolerCloze 32016北京，30分词数：457A Race Against DeathIt was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch 1 a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 2 if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 3 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s 4 was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 5 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet. 6 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were 7 . Nome’s town officials came up with a(n) 8 . They would have the medicine sent by 9 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers —known as "mushers" —would 10 it to Nome in a relay(接力).The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 11 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold.On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 12 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most 13 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would 14 , and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across.A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his 15 . He had to leave the trail(雪橇痕迹) to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 16 the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen’s lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, 17 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to 18 . He had found the trail.At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dogs 19 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.Nome had been 20 .1.A. examined B. warned C. interviewed D. cured2.A. harmless B. helpless C. fearless D. careless3.A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However4.A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border5.A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty6.A. From B. On C. By D. After7.A. tired B. upset C. pale D. sick8.A. plan B. excuse C. message D. topic9.A. air B. rail C. sea D. road10.A. carry B. return C. mail D. give11.A. Though B. Since C. When D. If12.A. enter B. move C. visit D. cross13.A. shameful B. boring C. dangerous D. foolish14.A. escape B. bleed C. swim D. die15.A. memory B. exit C. way D. destination16.A. find B. fix C. pass D. change17.A. pretending B. trying C. asking D. learning18.A. run B. leave C. bite D. play19.A. gathered B. stayed C. camped D. arrived20.A. controlled B. saved C. founded D. developedCloze 42016四川，30分词数：276Lainey finished third grade. She had good grades and could read 1 grade level, but shedid not like to read. On a family car trip, her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter, as a surprise for her 2 . But Lainey took one look at it, 3 her eyes, and said, "Borrrring!"Aunt Dede, a teacher, had read the book to her students, and they loved it. 4 the youngest children in the class were 5 by the story. They 6 with great interest, and then 7 joined in grand conversations about Harry’s adventures."How can you say it’s 8 ?Have you read it?"asked Aunt Dede."No, it’s too long and it doesn’t have any 9 ," complained Lainey."Oh, that’s where you are 10 ;there are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures; you just have to read the words to 11 them. It’s like magic.""Nice try, Aunt Dede," Lainey replied 12 from the back seat.Another 13 was in order. "Well, if you don’t want to read it, give it 14 .Maybe your mom would 15 hearing the story." The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud. By the end of the first chapter, 16 were coming from the back seat:"Please read a little 17 ."Lainey is an example of an 18 reader.As shown here, Lainey can become 19 about reading when 20 with literature on topics that interest her, and when the people around her model involvement in the reading process.1.A. within B. on C. to D. above2.A. daughter B. niece C. student D. friend3.A. opened B. dried C. rolled D. shaded4.A. Even B. Still C. Just D. Yet5.A. surprised B. annoyed C. puzzled D. attracted6.A. read B. told C. listened D. wrote7.A. suspectedly B. anxiously C. calmly D. enthusiastically8.A. amazing B. boring C. ridiculous D. humorous9.A. pictures B. stories C. adventures D. conversations10.A. crazy B. foolish C. wrong D. different11.A. see B. match C. show D. recognize12.A. sourly B. patiently C. eagerly D. shyly13.A. idea B. try C. belief D. behavior14.A. away B. out C. in D. back15.A. enjoy B. admit C. mind D. finish16.A. decisions B. requests C. comments D. promises17.A. more clearly B. longer C. louder D. more carefully18.A. unpleasant B. innocent C. unwilling D. independent19.A. astonished B. worried C. confused D. excited20.A. presented B. concerned C. disturbed D. replacedCloze 52016天津，30分词数：350The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.Cathy suffered some terrible 1 in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 2 became healthy.Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head — to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to 3 our local swim team. She practicedhard and finally 4 it. The team practice, 5 , was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly 6 her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to 7 her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit 8 to go! I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to9 and insisted she go.From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn’t 10 a single practice. She had a 11 intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten-year-old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this 12 human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of 13 of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a 14 —ever. But that didn’t stop her from trying.Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to 15 her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach 16 , "The highest honor goes to Cathy!" Looking around, he continued, "Cathy has inspired us with her 17 and enthusiasm. 18 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset(财富) one can hold is the heart."It was the greatest 19 of my daughter’s life. With all she had been 20 in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph(成功).1.A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. illness2.A. usually B. finally C. firstly D. frequently3.A. improve B. train C. join D. contact4.A. increased B. found C. created D. made5.A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead6.A. use B. survive C. save D. waste7.A. pull B. tell C. hide D. fire8.A. afraid B. nervous C. ready D. free9.A. take off B. set off C. give up D. show up10.A. attend B. miss C. ban D. start11.A. rich B. weak C. firm D. kind12.A. trusted B. determined C. experienced D. embarrassed13.A. frustration B. delight C. excitement D. surprise14.A. beginner B. learner C. partner D. winner15.A. cheer on B. compete with C. respond to D. run after16.A. admitting B. explaining C. announcing D. whispering17.A. humor B. will C. honesty D. wisdom18.A. Although B. Since C. Once D. Because19.A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. moment20.A. through B. under C. across D. around2012—2015年高考题Cloze 12015新课标全国Ⅰ,30分词数:259My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, " 1 my job. Family to Feed."At this store, a 2 like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and made a 3 on how bad it must be to have to stand 4 in the cold wind.In the store, I asked each of my kids to 5 something they thought our "friend" there would6 . They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving hima 7 . I thought about it. We were 8 on cash ourselves, but...well, sometimes 9 from our need instead of our abundance is 10 what we need to do! All the kids 11 something they could do away with for the week.When we handed him the bag of 12 , he lit up and thanked us with 13 eyes.When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for 14 his family might need, he burst into tears.This has been a wonderful 15 for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can 16! Things would have played out so 17 if I had simply said, "No, we really don’t have 18 to give more." Stepping out not only helped a brother in 19 , it also gave my kids the 20 taste of helping others. It’ll go a long way with them.1.A. Lost B. Changed C. Quit D. Finished2.A. condition B. place C. sight D. show3.A. suggestion B. comment C. decision D. call4.A. outside B. proudly C. by D. angrily5.A. draw B. say C. arrange D. pick6.A. order B. supply C. appreciate D. discover7.A. dollar B. job C. hot meal D. gift card8.A. easy B. low C. soft D. loose9.A. giving B. saving C. spending D. begging10.A. yet B. even C. still D. just11.A. declared B. shared C. ignored D. expected12.A. toys B. medicine C. food D. clothes13.A. sleepy B. watery C. curious D. sharp14.A. whoever B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever15.A. experience B. example C. message D. adventure16.A. rely on B. respect C. learn from D. help17.A. suddenly B. vividly C. differently D. perfectly18.A. time B. power C. patience D. money19.A. fear B. love C. need D. memory20.A. strong B. sweet C. strange D. simpleCloze 22015湖南，18分词数:226It was a rainy morning and the children, mainly boys with various learning difficulties, refused to settle for the start of the lesson. As an inexperienced teacher, I tried every means to get them to be 1 , but in vain. My panic was rising and I could feel my heart beating wildly. This was the 2 of my job as a music teacher, I thought — teaching was not for me. Then I had an idea. Hoping that no one would notice that I was 3 inside, I threw my voice as far as it would reach: "Put your heads on the desks and close your 4 ! We are going on a journey."5 , the children fell silent. "Now what should I do?" I thought to myself. Reaching over to my collection of CDs, I blindly6 , put it in the machine and played it.Obediently(顺从地), my class lay their heads on their desks, closed their eyes and7 . When the music started, the room was filled with the most beautiful tones and musical colors I could have ever imagined. All thechildren were 8 . When the music finished, I asked them all to raise their 9 slowly so that we could share our musical journeys.At this point, when all the children were willing to share their experiences, I began to learn how to 10 . The music allowed me to learn that teaching is about sharing and respect, tears and smiles, the knowing and the 11 and, most of all, an understanding of each other. This was the power that 12 in the classroom could have.1.A. glad B. safe C. kind D. quiet2.A. end B. aim C. rule D. plan3.A. guessing B. shaking C. responding D. laughing4.A. eyes B. mouths C. books D. doors5.A. Punctually B. Importantly C. Amazingly D. Obviously6.A. passed one on B. gave one back C. turned one in D. took one out7.A. slept B. nodded C. waited D. continued8.A. talking B. singing C. dancing D. listening9.A. legs B. heads C. arms D. shoulders10.A. teach B. imagine C. play D. understand11.A. unprepared B. unspoken C. unknown D. unforgotten12.A. games B. music C. tears D. knowledgeCloze 32015陕西,30分词数:354Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his 1 and say, "Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK?"I was 2 to do it. At age five, this dull task brought me such 3 . I would excitedly turn the tap 4 and brush the comb carefully. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would happily return the comb to Dad. He would 5 affectionately at me and place the comb on his wallet.Two years later, Dad started his own 6 , which wasn’t doing so well. That was when things started to 7 . Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to, Mum and I became 8 with him for placing our family in trouble. With 9 , an uncomfortable silence grew between us.After my graduation, Dad’s business was getting back on track. On my 28th birthday, Dad came home 10 . As usual, I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said, "Hey, would you help me 11 my comb?" I looked at him a while, then 12 the comb and headed to the sink.It hit me then: why, as a child, 13 Dad clean his comb was such a pleasure. That routine(习惯) meant Dad was home early to 14 the evening with Mum and me. It 15 a happy and loving family.I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He smiled at me and 16 placed his comb on his wallet. But this time, I noticed something 17 . Dad had aged. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled, 18 his smile was still as 19 as before, the smile of a father who just wanted a good 20 for his family.1.A. bag B. wallet C. comb D. brush2.A. annoyed B. relieved C. ashamed D. pleased3.A. joy B. sadness C. courage D. pain4.A. out B. over C. in D. on5.A. stare B. smile C. shout D. laugh6.A. family B. business C. task D. journey7.A. progress B. change C. improve D. form8.A. satisfied B. delighted C. mad D. strict9.A. time B. patience C. speed D. ease10.A. occasionally B. early C. frequently D. rarely11.A. sharpen B. repair C. clean D. keep12.A. dropped B. took C. handed D. threw13.A. watching B. letting C. helping D. hearing14.A. find B. lose C. waste D. spend15.A. affected B. broke C. meant D. supported16.A. firmly B. hurriedly C. casually D. carefully17.A. different B. exciting C. interesting D. urgent18.A. for B. or C. so D. yet19.A. convincing B. heartwarming C. cautious D. innocent20.A. origin B. life C. reputation D. educationCloze 42015四川,30分词数:324My previous home had a stand of woods behind it and many animals in the backyard. That first year, I 1 feeding peanuts to the blue jays, then the squirrels. The squirrels had no 2 coming up right to me for them. As the months went by, the rabbits saw that I was no 3 and didn’t escape. When I threw carrot slices (薄片), they even came for a nibble (啃) . Slowly they came to 4 me, and by the end of the year they were eating out of my hand.That second year, the rabbits 5 me, and one would even sit up for slices! While I was feeding them, I 6 that a groundhog who used to run away was now taking an 7 interest in this food situation. I carefully extended a long 8 , with a keen eye on those teeth, and 9 , there were times I would have the groundhog sitting next to a rabbit, both munching (津津有味地咀嚼) on carrots. A few months later, while 10 , she would even turn her back to me. 11 when she was facing away, I reached out and 12 scratched (搔) her back with my finger. She didn’t move.By year three, the rabbits and the groundhog were back. The groundhog 13 didn’t have a problem with me scratching her back, and I got an idea. I’d always 14 , while slicing up carrots, that the end looked like a cap. 15 one day, just to see what she would do, I gently 16 one on top of the groundhog’s head. Again, not a 17 . The next time, I had my camera ready to record what you see here, one of several dozen such pictures. 18 she had a slice to eat, she never 19 the one on her head. It was a fair 20 —I got a pleasure, and she had yet another tasty treat.1.A. avoided B. started C. canceled D. suggested2.A. business B. fun C. problem D. privilege3.A. help B. cheat C. threat D. exception4.A. trust B. miss C. admire D. appreciate5.A. feared B. ignored C. discovered D. remembered6.A. proved B. decided C. noticed D. understood7.A. extreme B. increasing C. additional D. inspiring8.A. squirrel B. rabbit C. peanut D. carrot9.A. before long B. long ago C. over and over D. all over again10.A. eating B. playing C. sitting D. sleeping11.A. Next B. Once C. Soon D. Lately12.A. carefully B. suddenly C. violently D. patiently13.A. also B. thus C. just D. still14.A. thought B. doubted C. admitted D. recognised15.A. While B. Or C. So D. For16.A. fixed B. placed C. hung D. kept17.A. tremble B. move C. delay D. hesitation18.A. Even if B. Ever since C. As far as D. So long as19.A. welcomed B. required C. bothered D. expected20.A. trade B. competition C. task D. affairCloze 52015北京,30分词数:425A Welcome GiftDario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 1 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 2 filled the room and made them feel very happy.The next morning, 3 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 4 under their door during the night. One of their neighbors had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 5 people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 6 and apologize for their playing."Maybe we could go and 7 everyone in person," his mother said."What if we invited them to come here for a 8 instead?"Dario asked.They both loved the 9 . Over the next few days,they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 10 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights.Finally, the day of the party 11 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 12 . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, 13 Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin."I heard you playing the other night," she said. "The sounds woke me out of bed. I 14 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing."Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. "I think maybe we 15 you an apology," she said. "I didn’t 16 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.""You play, you play!" Mrs. Gilbert said."I like what you play! Just not so loud at night." She pointed to the book she had given them."These songs are not such 17 music.""These songs are beautiful music,"Dario’s mother said. "We will be 18 to play them in the evening.""And we won’t play so loud or late!"Dario said. He was already looking forward to 19the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother’s face. It gave him a feeling of 20 and made him feel that they were home at last.1.A. sat B. stood C. lay D. walked2.A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry3.A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. instead4.A. note B. poster C. bill D. report5.A. proud B. rich C. lucky D. nice6.A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. audiences7.A. blame B. instruct C. question D. visit8.A. party B. concert C. show D. play9.A. experience B. idea C. performance D. action10.A. to B. with C. for D. from11.A. continued B. arrived C. passed D. finished12.A. order B. sell C. share D. advertise13.A. treated B. presented C. helped D. served14.A. promised B. admitted C. agreed D. worried15.A. give B. send C. offer D. owe16.A. realize B. remember C. understand D. accept17.A. sweet B. strange C. funny D. loud18.A. brave B. sorry C. happy D. afraid19.A. changing B. practicing C. recording D. writing20.A. equality B. freedom C. warmth D. sympathyCloze 62015湖北,20分词数:306"Daily Star,sir,"called Jason,carrying some newspapers under his arm.The little boy had been running up and down the street,but there were still twenty 1 left.His voice was almost gone and his heart was 2 .The shops would soon close, and all the people would go home.He would have to go home too, carrying the papers 3 money.He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a 4 for his mother and some seeds for his bird.That was why he had bought the papers with all his money.He 5 as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers."You don’t know the 6 of selling papers.You must shout,‘Hot news! Bomb bursting!’"another newsboy Chad told Jason." 7 it’s not in the paper at all," replied Jason."Just run away quickly 8 they have time to see, and you’ll 9 out and get your money,"Chad said.It was a new 10 to Jason.He thought of his bird with no 11 and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother,but was 12 that he would not tell a lie.Though he was 13 a poor newsboy,he had been 14 some good things.The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers 15 . Several boys were crowding around Chad,who declared with a 16 smile that he sold six dozen the day before.He added that Jason 17 money because he would not tell a lie.The boys 18 at Jason."You wouldn’t tell a lie yesterday,my boy?" A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jason’s shoulder 19 ."You’re just the boy I am looking for."A week later Jason started his new 20 . He lost the sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie,but got a well-paid job because he told the truth.1.A. shops B. coins C. people D. papers2.A. open B. heavy C. pure D. weak3.A. instead of B. in return for C. regardless of D. in exchange for4.A. cup B. card C. comb D. cake5.A. gave in B. broke down C. got away D. showed up6.A. difficulty B. process C. goal D. secret7.A. And B. But C. For D. So8.A. before B. since C. though D. unless9.A. call B. drop C. sell D. reach10.A. edition B. idea C. policy D. task11.A. bread B. insects C. seeds D. water12.A. concerned B. amazed C. excited D. determined13.A. still B. already C. just D. also14.A. taught B. handed C. awarded D. allowed15.A. at once B. by chance C. as usual D. on purpose16.A. proud B. gentle C. warm D. polite17.A. borrowed B. lost C. made D. saved18.A. laughed B. shouted C. nodded D. stared19.A. bravely B. gratefully C. fondly D. modestly20.A. duty B. business C. job D. methodCloze 72014新课标全国Ⅱ,30分词数：275Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top 1 , but on their way back conditions were very 2 . Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon 3 alone, he would probably get back 4 . But Simon decided to risk his 5 and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope (绳).As they 6 down, the weather got worse. Then another 7 occurred. They couldn’t see or hear each other and, 8 , Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice (峭壁). It was 9 for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s 10 was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. 11 , after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to 12 . In tears, he cut the rope. Joe 13 into a huge crevasse (裂缝) in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but he 14 to get out of the crevasse and started to 15 towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers 16 .Simon had 17 the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be 18 , but he didn’t want to leave 19. Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t 20 it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.1.A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early2.A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal3.A. climbed B. worked C. rested D. continued4.A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully5.A. fortune B. time C. health D. life6.A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked7.A. damage B. storm C. change D. trouble8.A. by mistake B. by chance C. by choice D. by luck9.A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible。

2012——2016年阅读理解专题一广告信息类Passage 1 [2016·全国卷Ⅰ, A]You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(1860—1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson(1907—1964)If it weren't for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.Sandra Day O'Connor(1930—present)When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks(1913—2005)On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil rights movement. "The only tiredI was, was tired of giving in," said Parks.21.What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A. Her social work.B. Her teaching skills.C. Her efforts to win a prize.D. Her community background.22.What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.23.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?A. Jane Addams.B. Rachel Carson.C. Sandra Day O'Connor.D. Rosa Parks.24.What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A. They are highly educated.B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers.D. They are peace-lovers.Passage 2 [2016·全国卷Ⅱ，A]What's On?Electric Underground7.30pm—1.00amFree at the Cyclops TheatreDo you know who's playing in your area? We're bringing you an exciting evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)？If so, come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successfulrecord producer. He's going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music. Gee Whizz8.30pm—10.30pmComedy at KaleidoscopeCome and see Gee Whizz perform. He's the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and snacks（快餐）.Simon's Workshop5.00pm—7.30pmWednesdays at Victoria StageThis is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years' experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.Charlotte Stone8.00pm—11.00pmPizza WorldFine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.21.Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?A. Jules Skye.B. Gee Whizz.C. Charlotte Stone.D. James Pickering.22.At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh?A. The Cyclops Theatre.B. Kaleidoscope.C. Victoria Stage.D. Pizza World.23.What do we know about Simon's Workshop?A. It requires membership status.B. It lasts three hours each time.C. It is run by a comedy club.D. It is held every Wednesday.24.When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs?A. 5.00pm—7.30pm.B. 7.30pm—1.00am.C. 8.00pm—11.00pm.D. 8.30pm—10.30pm.Passage 3 [2016·全国卷Ⅲ，A]MusicOpera at Music Hall:1243 Elm Street. The season runs June through August, with additional performances in March and September. The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts. Phone: 241-2742. .Chamber Orchestra:The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street, which offers several concerts from March through June. Call 723-1182 for more information. .Symphony Orchestra: At Music Hall and Riverbend. For ticket sales, call 381-3300. Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall and in summer at Riverbend. /home.asp.College Conservatory of Music (CCM):Performances are on the main campus(校园) of the university, usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater. CCM organizes a variety of events, including performances by the well-known LaSalle Quartet, CCM's Philharmonic Orchestra, and variousgroups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music. Students with I.D. cards can attend the events for free. A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556-4183. /events/calendar.Riverbend Music Theater: 6295 Kellogg Ave. Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover (price difference). Big name shows all summer long! Phone: 232-6220. .1.Which number should you call if you want to see an opera?A. 241-2742.B. 723-1182.C. 381-3300.D. 232-6220.2.When can you go to a concert by Chamber Orchestra?A. February.B. May.C. August.D. November.3.Where can students go for free performances with their I.D. cards?A. Music Hall.B. Memorial Hall.C. Patricia Cobbett Theater.D. Riverbend Music Theater.4.How is Riverbend Music Theater different from the other places?A. It has seats in the open air.B. It gives shows all year round.C. It offers membership discounts.D. It presents famous musical works.Passage 4 [2016·全国卷Ⅲ，C]If you are a fruit grower — or would like to become one — take advantage of Apple Day to see what's around. It's called Apple Day but in practice it's more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn't taste of anything special, it's still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat's Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园). If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.8.What can people do at the apple events?A. Attend experts' lectures.B. Visit fruit-loving families.C. Plant fruit trees in an orchard.D. Taste many kinds of apples.9.What can we learn about Decio?A. It is a new variety.B. It has a strange look.C. It is rarely seen now.D. It has a special taste.10.What does the underlined phrase "a pipe dream" in Paragraph 3 mean?A. A practical idea.B. A vain hope.C. A brilliant plan.D. A selfish desire.11.What is the author's purpose in writing the text?A. To show how to grow apples.B. To introduce an apple festival.C. To help people select apples.D. To promote apple research.Passage 5 [2016·天津，A]AA Language Programme for TeenagersWelcome to Teenagers Abroad! We invite you to join us on an amazing journey of language learning.Our CoursesRegardless of your choice of course, you‟ll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas----speaking, listening, reading and writing.Our Intensive Course builds on our Standard Course, with 10 additional lessons per week, guaranteeing the fastest possible language learning (see table below).EvaluationStudents are placed into classes according to their current language skills. The majority of them take on online language test before starting their programme. However, if this is not available, students sit the exam on the first Monday of their course.Learning materials are provided to students throughout their course, and there will never be more than 15 participants in each class.Arrivals and TransferOur programme offers the full package—students are take good care of from the start through to the very end. They are collected from the airport upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort. We require the student‟s full detail s at least 4 weeks in advance.Meals/Allergies(过敏)/Special Dietary RequirementsStudents are provided with breakfast, dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch(which consists of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert). Snacks outside of mealtimes may be purchased by the student individually.We ask that you let us know of any allergies or dietary requirements as well as information about any medicines you take. Depending on the type of allergies and/or dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made for providing special food.36. How does Intensive Course differ from Standard Course?A. It is less effective.B. It focuses on speaking.C. It includes extra lessons.D. It give you confidence37. When can a student attend Standard Course?A. 13:00-14:30 Monday.B. 9:00-12:30 TuesdayC. 13:00-14:30 Friday.D. 9:00-12:30 Saturday.38. Before starting their programme, students are expected to _____.A. take a language testB. have an online interviewC. prepare learning materialsD. report their language levels39. With the full package, the programme organizer is supposed to_____.A. inform students of their full flight detailsB. look after students throughout the programmeC. offer students free sightseeing tripsD. collect students‟ luggage in advance40. Which of the following may require an extra payment?A. Cooked dinner.B. Mealtime dessert.C. Packed lunch.D. Special diet.Passage 6 [2016·浙江，B]BBelow are search record from a university library’s database.Quick Search | Category | Full Text | AdvancedSearch full text of books for childrenDisplaying 1 to 100 of 639 titles for children where Category is Education46.Suppose you are doing research on children‟s relationship skills, you may want to read.A.Circle Time for Young ChildrenB.Children with School Problems: A Physician’s ManualC. Education and Disadvantaged Children and Young PeopleD. Build It, Make It, Do It, Play It! Guides for Children and Teens47.Which book would you recommend to someone interested in children‟s mental images?A.Connecting Animals and Children in Early Childhood.B.Songs in Their Heads: Music and It s Meaning in Children’s Lives.C.Big Ideas for Little Kids: Teaching Philosophy Through Children’s Literature.D.Young Children as Artists: Art and Design in the Early Years and Key Stage 1.48.How many books published in 2015 are found in this search?A. 9.B.90.C.118.D.290.49.Children with School Problems: A Physician’s Manual i s most likely intended for .A. educatorsB. librariansC. doctorsD.artists Passage 7 [2016·四川，A]A21.When will the job start?A .In May 2016 B. In May 2017C.In September 2016D. In September201722.Who is more likely to get job?A.Sam,English major ,member of the college basketball teamB.Judy,IT staff with night classes,children‟s basketball team coachC.Ted,computer major, basketball fan,free on evenings and weekendsD.Molly,part-time programmer,high school basketball player ,new mother23.Whom should you contact if you want to apply for the job in Rockville?A.MichaelB.JorgeC.GauriD.GaryPassage 8 [2015·新课标全国II,D]Choose Your One-Day Tours!Tour A —Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge —￡37 until 26 March and ￡39 thereafter.Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum. Stonehenge is one of the world's most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.Tour B — Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's house —￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter.Oxford:Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges. Look over the "city of dreaming spires (尖顶)" from St Mary's Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.Tour C — Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace —￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry VIII's favourite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included). With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫) where it is easy to get lost!Tour D — Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great —￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.33.Which tour will you choose if you want to see England's oldest university city?A. Tour A.B. Tour B.C. Tour C.D. Tour D.34.Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?A. Windsor Castle & Hampton Court.B. Oxford & Stratford.C. Bath & Stonehenge.D. Cambridge.35.Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?A. It used to be the home of royal families.B. It used to be a well-known maze.C. It is the oldest palace in Britain.D. It is a world-famous castle.Passage 9 [2015·北京，B]BRevolutionary TV EarsTV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume(音量) and now it‟s better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume, while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level that‟s comfortable for them. You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute(静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment —maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction car tip, not used in any other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. That‟s why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists(听觉学家) nationwide as well as world-famous doctors.Risk Free Trial! TV Ears comes with a 30-day risk free trial. Special Offer — Now ＄59.95.If you‟re not satisfied, return it.Money-back guarantee!Call now ! 800-123-783260. TV Ears helps you ______.A. improve your sleeping qualityB. listen to TV without disturbing othersC. change TV channels without difficultyD. become interested in ballgame programs61. What makes TV Ears different from other headsets?A. It can easily set TV on muteB. Its headset volume is adjustableC. It has a new noise reduction ear tipD. It applies special wireless technology62.This advertisement is made more believable by ______.A. using recommendationsB. offering reasons for this inventionC. providing statisticsD. showing the results of experimentsPassage 10 [2015·天津，A]University Room Regulations Approved and Prohibited ItemsThe following items are approved for use in residential(住宿的)rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.Access to Residential RoomsStudents are provided with a combination(组合密码）for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is ＄25 to change a room combination. Cooking PolicyStudents living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven （微波炉）to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.Pet PolicyNo pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are subject to an initial fine of ＄100 and a continuing fine of ＄50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.Quiet HoursResidential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of ＄25.36.Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms?A. Ceiling fans and waterbeds.B. Wireless routers and radios.C. Hair dryers and candles.D. TVs and electric blankets.37.What if a student is found to have told his combination to others?A. The combination should be changed.B. The Office should be charged.C. He should replace the door lock.D. He should check out of the room.38.What do we know about the cooking policy?A. A microwave oven can be used.B. Cooking in student rooms is permitted.C. A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen.D. Students are to close kitchen doors after cooking.39.If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week since the warning, he will face .A. parent visitsB. a fine of ＄100C. the Student CourtD. a written notice40.When can students enjoy a party in residences?A. 7:00 am, Sunday.B. 7:30 am, Thursday.C. 11:30 pm, Monday.D. 00:30 am, Saturday.Passage 11 [2014·新课标全国II,D]Metro Pocket GuideMetrorail (地铁)Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer.Farecard machines are in every station. Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to ＄5 in change.Get one day of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a.m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays.Hours of serviceOpen: 5 a.m. Mon.—Fri.7 a.m. Sat.—Sun.Close: midnight Sun.—Thurs.3 a.m. Fri.—Sat. nightsLast train times vary. To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in stations.MetrobusWhen paying with exact change, the fare is ＄1.35. When paying with a SmarTrip card, the fare is ＄1.25.Fares for senior/disabled customersSenior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip card. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards, SmarTrip cards and passes, please visit or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100.Travel tips (提示)●Avoid riding during weekday rush periods — before 9:30 a.m. and between 4 and 6 p.m.●If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195.32.What should you know about farecard machines?A. They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m.B. They are connected to change machines.C. They offer special service to the elderly.D. They make change for no more than ＄5.33.At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday?A. At midnight.B. At 3 a.m.C. At 5 a.m.D. At 7 p.m.34.What is good about a SmarTrip card?A. It is convenient for old people.B. It saves money for its users.C. It can be bought at any time.D. It is sold on the Internet.35.Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?A. 202-962-1195B. 202-962-1100C. 202-637-7000D. 202-637-8000Passage 12 [2014·安徽，A]A56. With help from a Mr.H, you can .A. stop using batteries.B. finish your homework on time.C. remember your teacher‟s instructio ns.D. get your room tidied on your way home.57. A PENGO WATCH CONTROL can help you to .A. repair your TVB. organize your homeworkC. be a James BondD. know what the weather is like58. You can get your Mr. H for .A. ＄499B. ＄299C. ＄199D. ＄9959. Where would you be most likely to find the two texts?A. On a notice boardB. In a company brochure.C. On a teenage websiteD. In a college newspaper.Passage 13 [2013·北京，A]EP Portable HeaterWe all know that the cost of heating our homes will continue to be a significant burden on the family budget. Now millions of people are saving on their heating bills with the EP portable heater. With over one million satisfied customers around the world, the new EP heats better and faster,saves more on heating bills, and runs almost silent.The EP has no exposed heating parts that can cause a fire. The outside of the EP only gets warm to the touch so that it will not burn children or pets.The EP will not reduce oxygen in the room. With other heaters, you'll notice that you get sleepy when the heat comes on because they are burning up oxygen.The advanced EP also heats the room evenly, wall to wall and floor to ceiling. It comfortably covers an area up to 350 square feet. Other heaters heat rooms unevenly with most of the heat concentrated to the center of the room. And they only heat an area a few feet around the heater. With the EP, the temperature will not vary in any part of the room.The EP comes with a 3-year warranty (保修) and a 60-day, no questions asked, satisfaction guarantee. If you are not totally satisfied, return it at our expense and your money will be given back to you.Now we have a special offer for 10 days, during which you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery.If you order after that, we reserve the right to either accept or reject order requests at the discounted price.Take action right now!56.What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?A. The heat of the EP.B. The safety of the EP.C. The appearance of the EP.D. The material of the EP.57.From the passage,we can learn that the EP____.A. doesn't burn up oxygenB. runs without any noiseC. makes people get sleepyD. is unsuitable for children and pets58.The underlined word "evenly" in Paragraph 4 probably means ____.A. continuouslyB. separatelyC. quicklyD. equally59.The main purpose of the passage is to ____.A. persuade people to buy the productB. advise people to save on heating billsC. report the new development of portable heatersD. compare the functions of different heater brandsPassage 14 [2012·新课标全国，A]Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to? Try some of these places:Visit art museums. They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest. Many offer workshops for making hand-made pieces, traveling exhibits, book signings(签名) by children's favorite writers, and even musical performances and other arts.Head to a natural history museum. This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky. Also, ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up.Go to a Youtheater. Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors. Pre-show play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts. Puppet (木偶) making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.Try hands-on science. Visit one of the many hands-on science museums around the country. These science play-lands are great fun for kids and grown-ups alike. They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building. When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums.56.If a child is interested in the universe, he probably will visit ______.A. a YoutheaterB. an art museumC. a natural history museumD. a hands-on science museum57.What can kids do at a Youtheater?A. Look at rock collections.B. See dinosaur models.C. Watch puppet making.D. Give performances.58.What does "hands-on science" mean in the last paragraph?A. Science games designed by kids.B. Learning science by doing things.C. A show of kids' science work.D. Reading science books.59.Where does this text probably come from?A. A science textbook.B. A tourist map.C. A museum guide.D. A news report.专题二科普研究类Passage 12016全国卷Ⅲ，8分词数：349Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people's e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories."The …if it bleeds‟ rule wo rks for mass media," says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. "They want your eyeballs and don't care how you're feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer."Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication —e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations — found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的)，but that didn't necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times'website.He and a Penn colleague analyzed the "most e-mailed" list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times'readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, "Contagious:Why Things Catch On."1.What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?A. News reports.B. Research papers.C. Private e-mails.D. Daily conversations.2.What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?A. They're socially inactive.B. They're good at telling stories.C. They're inconsiderate of others.D. They're careful with their words.3.Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr. Berger's research?A. Sports news.B. Science articles.C. Personal accounts.D. Financial reviews.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Sad Stories Travel Far and WideB. Online News Attracts More PeopleC. Reading Habits Change with the TimesD. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks Passage 2 2016天津，12.5分词数：372When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from。

短文改错2018年Correction 1 2018全国卷I，10分During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.Correction 2 2018全国卷II，10分When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the game for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.Correction 3 2018全国卷III，10分It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework, but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistake as well." Immediate, I raised my hand.2017年Correction 1 2017全国卷Ⅰ，10分In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, "Speed up!" "Slow down!" "Turning left!" I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car.It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.Correction 2 2017全国卷Ⅱ，10分Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!Correction 3 2017全国卷Ⅲ，10分When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered mysecond year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.2012—2016年Correction 1［2016·乙卷(全国Ⅰ)］My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady. Correction 2［2016·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.Correction 3［2016·丙卷（全国Ⅲ）］The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn't seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.Correction 4［2016·四川］It is Mother's Day today. Though it's a western festival, it's popular in China now.Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the houseworks. She is a great mother. Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother's Day. We get up early in the morning. Dad cleaned the house, and then went on shopping. When he came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand. I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen. The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favoritest. At dinner, we said to her, "Happy Mother's Day!" Mom was grateful and moving. Correction 5［2016·浙江］When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late. Every time he arrived home at end of the day, we'd greet her at the door. He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us. Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers. While they chat, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge. It was both excited and frightening to be up there! My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.Correction6 [2015·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean or the mountains are green.Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.Theairs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Much rare animals are dying out.We must found ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so, we'll live to regret it.Correction7 [2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ]One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said, "How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried." Tony promised her that this would never happen again.Correction8 [2015·陕西]My soccer coach retired in last week. I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party. My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decide to ask her for help. Mum taught me some basic step of baking. I insisted on doing most of the baking myself. I thought the biscuits were really well. My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked, "I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits."My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter! Correction9 [2015·四川]Hi, Janice,It's been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here. We hang out together during lunch and after school. We've been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. It's been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many. And I started to see this as a time-wasting activity! In fact, I don't like to go anymore, so I'm afraid I'll lose their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you are me, would you talk to him?Please help with me and give me some advice.Grace Correction10 [2015·浙江]My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass. I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view. On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field. In the mornings, it was full of students exercising. The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them. Farther in the distance, I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains. On the right side of the class was the road. I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming. If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.Correction11 [2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果) in our back garden. Since then —for all these year —we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!Correction12 [2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ]My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn't need to do so many homework. Therefore, we have more time with after-school activities. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.Correction13 [2014·浙江]I was taking a train to London's Victoria Station. I had noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people.Before long, a train inspector comes to check our tickets. A passenger realized he couldn't find his ticket but became quite upset. Then everyone in the carriage began searching the ticket, which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner. The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before. Yet they had so quickly offered the strangers their help. If we could show concern to others on need, the world would be a better place to live in.Correction14 [2014·陕西]My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals,insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting.One evening at sunset,we sat by the fire,have our barbecue.Just then a bird was flying over us.My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky — they were looked like rain! We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.That day I didn't learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!Correction15 [2014·四川]Hello, boys and girls! Today，I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and classmate. Don't panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire. If it's a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately.Correction 16 [2014·辽宁]Dear Jeremy and Alice,Although we've been delighted to have you as neighbors, we're hoping to settle something that bothers to us. In a word, your dog — Cleo.We've called several time about Cleo's early morning barking. It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she's outside. The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby. Beside, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. This morning she starts barking even before 5 o'clock. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way ofsettling the matter.Sincerely,Jack and Rose Correction17 [2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now.I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known. Correction18 [2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ]The book I'm reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain. It is said to have started in the early 1800's. Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 o'clock at night. This custom soon becomes another meal of day. Interesting, it had a connection by the British porcelain (瓷器) industry. Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits. This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.Correction19 [2013·陕西]My grandfather and I enjoy fishing.One Sunday morning we go fishing at a lake. We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake. As soon as we arrived, so we dropped the lines into the water. Before waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently. I wanted to give up, and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer. Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and fish was caught. Within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a fish.Felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish. It was delicious.Correction20 [2013·四川]Today we had a chemistry test. I found the test difficulty, but I tried hardly to do it. Suddenly Mary, my best friend, asking me to let her to copy my answers. After think for some time, I let her copy my answers. But after the test, all of us were called to the teacher's office. The teacher was angry because we had same answers in the tests. We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents. I was very upset. I didn't cheat. I was just helping a friend. Why does she punish me? Correction 21 [2013·辽宁]Mr.Johnson is a hardworking teacher. Every day，he spends too much time with his work.With little sleep and hardly any break, so he works from morning till night. Hard work have made him very ill. "He has ruined his healthy. We are worried about him." That is which other teachers say. Yesterday afternoon, I paid visit to Mr. Johnson.I was eager to see him,but outside her room I stopped. I had to calm myself down.Quietly I step into the room. I saw him lying in bed, looking at some of the picture we had taken together. I understood that he missed us just as many as we missed him.Correction 22 [2013·浙江]Dear Diary,Here I am in the middle of a city, 350 miles far away from our farmhouse. Do you want to know why we move last week?Dad lost his job, and as Mom explained,"He was lucky to find other one." His new job meant I had to say goodbye to my classmate, my school or just everything else I love in the world.To make matters bad, now I have to share a room with my younger sister,Maggie.Tomorrow is first day of school.I am awfully tiring, but I know I'll never fall sleep.Good night and remember, you, dear diary, is my only souvenir from my past life and my only friend.Yours,Rosemary Correction 23 [2012·新课标全国]I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. I was happy when the toys worked, but when things did wrong, I got angry and broke it. For a while parents bought me new toys. But before long they began to see which was happening. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, "That's it. No more toys to you." My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on.Correction 24 [2012·陕西]My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month.It is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport.We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath.What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room.I checked my email messages every day.I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing.The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish.It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing. Correction 25 [2012·辽宁]Dear Diana,Thank you for the lovely day we have with you. It was so kind for you to let us bring Anne's friend, Gina. Unfortunate, the only problem was the journey home. There had been a terrible accident on the highway and, for a result, there was a long line of traffic for at least six mile. In the end, we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear. In the car park here Gina nearly got knocked over as car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry. They finally dropped Gina off at her parents' and made our own way to home.Much love,Fiona短文改错答案2018年Correction 1①考查冠词。

2018 年高考英语真题分类汇编专题15：语法填空一、语法填空（共 4 题；共 40 分）1.（2018?卷Ⅰ）下边短文，在空白填入 1 个适合的或括号内的正确形式。

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal runners live three years________(long) than non-runners You don't haveto run fast or for long________(see)the benefit You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of________（ die ） early by running.While running regularly can make you live forever, the review says it ________ (be)more effective atlengthening life ________walking ,cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart diseaseand early deaths from all ________(cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise⋯⋯It's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces to ________(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always ________(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits other sports, so perhaps we should all give________a try.【答案】 longer ；to see； dying ； is； than ； that/which ； causes； strengthen ； energetic ； it/running【考点】法填空【分析】【剖析】是一篇文，跑步来的好。

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专题一记叙文2016年高考题Cloze 12016全国卷Ⅰ，30分词数：269A Heroic DriverLarry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 1 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 2 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 3 he got closer, he found 4 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 5 shooting out from under the 6 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 7 the fire extinguisher(灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.The man who had his bright lights on 8 and told Larry he had 9 an emergency call. They 10 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的) vehicle. 11 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 12 until the emergency personnel arrived, 13 she thought the car was going to 14 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 15 she injured her neck.Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 16 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 17 if he was needed or 18 to go. They let him and the other man go.One thing is 19 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 20 most likely saved the woman’s life.1.A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing2.A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers3.A. Since B. Although C. As D. If4.A. each B. another C. that D. his5.A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam6.A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned7.A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled8.A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over9.A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed10.A. then B. again C. finally D. even11.A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching12.A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm13.A. for B. so C. and D. but14.A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash15.A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after16.A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out17.A. woman B. police C. man D. driver18.A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free19.A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked20.A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promiseCloze 22016全国卷Ⅲ，30分词数：277When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant1 Miller King, who was the best2 at our school.Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my footballeverywhere for 3 .Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from 4 . He looked very 5 , but he didn’t cry.That season, I 6 all of Miller’s records while he 7 the home games from the bench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 8 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 9 .One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller 10 going over a fence —which wasn’t 11 to climb if you had both arms. I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept 12 from. But even that challenge he accepted. I 13 him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally 14 on the other side, he said to me, "You know, I didn’t tell you this during the season, but you did 15 . Thank you for filling in for 16 ."His words freed me from my bad 17 . I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was 18 ahead of me. I was right to have 19 him. From that day on, I grew 20 and a little more real.1.A. cheering for B. beating out C. relying on D. staying with2.A. coach B. student C. teacher D. player3.A. practice B. show C. comfort D. pleasure4.A. school B. vacation C. hospital D. training5.A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D. ashamed6.A. held B. broke C. set D. tried7.A. reported B. judged C. organized D. watched8.A. and B. then C. but D. thus9.A. decision B. mistake C. accident D. sacrifice10.A. stuck B. hurt C. tired D. lost11.A. steady B. hard C. fun D. fit12.A. praise B. advice C. assistance D. apology13.A. let B. helped C. had D. noticed14.A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D. safe15.A. fine B. wrong C. quickly D. normally16.A. us B. yourself C. me D. them17.A. memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams18.A. still B. also C. yet D. just19.A. challenged B. cured C. invited D. admired20.A. healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D. coolerCloze 32016北京，30分词数：457A Race Against DeathIt was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch 1 a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 2 if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 3 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s 4 was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 5 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet. 6 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were 7 . Nome’s town officials came up with a(n) 8 . They would have the medicine sent by 9 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers —known as "mushers" —would 10 it to Nome in a relay(接力).The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 11 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold.On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 12 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most 13 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would 14 , and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across.A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his 15 . He had to leave the trail(雪橇痕迹) to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 16 the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen’s lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, 17 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to 18 . He had found the trail.At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dogs 19 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.Nome had been 20 .1.A. examined B. warned C. interviewed D. cured2.A. harmless B. helpless C. fearless D. careless3.A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However4.A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border5.A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty6.A. From B. On C. By D. After7.A. tired B. upset C. pale D. sick8.A. plan B. excuse C. message D. topic9.A. air B. rail C. sea D. road10.A. carry B. return C. mail D. give11.A. Though B. Since C. When D. If12.A. enter B. move C. visit D. cross13.A. shameful B. boring C. dangerous D. foolish14.A. escape B. bleed C. swim D. die15.A. memory B. exit C. way D. destination16.A. find B. fix C. pass D. change17.A. pretending B. trying C. asking D. learning18.A. run B. leave C. bite D. play19.A. gathered B. stayed C. camped D. arrived20.A. controlled B. saved C. founded D. developedCloze 42016四川，30分词数：276Lainey finished third grade. She had good grades and could read 1 grade level, but shedid not like to read. On a family car trip, her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter, as a surprise for her 2 . But Lainey took one look at it, 3 her eyes, and said, "Borrrring!"Aunt Dede, a teacher, had read the book to her students, and they loved it. 4 the youngest children in the class were 5 by the story. They 6 with great interest, and then 7 joined in grand conversations about Harry’s adventures."How can you say it’s 8 ?Have you read it?"asked Aunt Dede."No, it’s too long and it doesn’t have any 9 ," complained Lainey."Oh, that’s where you are 10 ;there are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures; you just have to read the words to 11 them. It’s like magic.""Nice try, Aunt Dede," Lainey replied 12 from the back seat.Another 13 was in order. "Well, if you don’t want to read it, give it 14 .Maybe your mom would 15 hearing the story." The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud. By the end of the first chapter, 16 were coming from the back seat:"Please read a little 17 ."Lainey is an example of an 18 reader.As shown here, Lainey can become 19 about reading when 20 with literature on topics that interest her, and when the people around her model involvement in the reading process.1.A. within B. on C. to D. above2.A. daughter B. niece C. student D. friend3.A. opened B. dried C. rolled D. shaded4.A. Even B. Still C. Just D. Yet5.A. surprised B. annoyed C. puzzled D. attracted6.A. read B. told C. listened D. wrote7.A. suspectedly B. anxiously C. calmly D. enthusiastically8.A. amazing B. boring C. ridiculous D. humorous9.A. pictures B. stories C. adventures D. conversations10.A. crazy B. foolish C. wrong D. different11.A. see B. match C. show D. recognize12.A. sourly B. patiently C. eagerly D. shyly13.A. idea B. try C. belief D. behavior14.A. away B. out C. in D. back15.A. enjoy B. admit C. mind D. finish16.A. decisions B. requests C. comments D. promises17.A. more clearly B. longer C. louder D. more carefully18.A. unpleasant B. innocent C. unwilling D. independent19.A. astonished B. worried C. confused D. excited20.A. presented B. concerned C. disturbed D. replacedCloze 52016天津，30分词数：350The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.Cathy suffered some terrible 1 in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 2 became healthy.Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head — to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to 3 our local swim team. She practicedhard and finally 4 it. The team practice, 5 , was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly 6 her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to 7 her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit 8 to go! I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to9 and insisted she go.From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn’t 10 a single practice. She had a 11 intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten-year-old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this 12 human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of 13 of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a 14 —ever. But that didn’t stop her from trying.Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to 15 her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach 16 , "The highest honor goes to Cathy!" Looking around, he continued, "Cathy has inspired us with her 17 and enthusiasm. 18 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset(财富) one can hold is the heart."It was the greatest 19 of my daughter’s life. With all she had been 20 in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph(成功).1.A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. illness2.A. usually B. finally C. firstly D. frequently3.A. improve B. train C. join D. contact4.A. increased B. found C. created D. made5.A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead6.A. use B. survive C. save D. waste7.A. pull B. tell C. hide D. fire8.A. afraid B. nervous C. ready D. free9.A. take off B. set off C. give up D. show up10.A. attend B. miss C. ban D. start11.A. rich B. weak C. firm D. kind12.A. trusted B. determined C. experienced D. embarrassed13.A. frustration B. delight C. excitement D. surprise14.A. beginner B. learner C. partner D. winner15.A. cheer on B. compete with C. respond to D. run after16.A. admitting B. explaining C. announcing D. whispering17.A. humor B. will C. honesty D. wisdom18.A. Although B. Since C. Once D. Because19.A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. moment20.A. through B. under C. across D. around2012—2015年高考题Cloze 12015新课标全国Ⅰ,30分词数:259My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, " 1 my job. Family to Feed."At this store, a 2 like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and made a 3 on how bad it must be to have to stand 4 in the cold wind.In the store, I asked each of my kids to 5 something they thought our "friend" there would6 . They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving hima 7 . I thought about it. We were 8 on cash ourselves, but...well, sometimes 9 from our need instead of our abundance is 10 what we need to do! All the kids 11 something they could do away with for the week.When we handed him the bag of 12 , he lit up and thanked us with 13 eyes.When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for 14 his family might need, he burst into tears.This has been a wonderful 15 for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can 16! Things would have played out so 17 if I had simply said, "No, we really don’t have 18 to give more." Stepping out not only helped a brother in 19 , it also gave my kids the 20 taste of helping others. It’ll go a long way with them.1.A. Lost B. Changed C. Quit D. Finished2.A. condition B. place C. sight D. show3.A. suggestion B. comment C. decision D. call4.A. outside B. proudly C. by D. angrily5.A. draw B. say C. arrange D. pick6.A. order B. supply C. appreciate D. discover7.A. dollar B. job C. hot meal D. gift card8.A. easy B. low C. soft D. loose9.A. giving B. saving C. spending D. begging10.A. yet B. even C. still D. just11.A. declared B. shared C. ignored D. expected12.A. toys B. medicine C. food D. clothes13.A. sleepy B. watery C. curious D. sharp14.A. whoever B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever15.A. experience B. example C. message D. adventure16.A. rely on B. respect C. learn from D. help17.A. suddenly B. vividly C. differently D. perfectly18.A. time B. power C. patience D. money19.A. fear B. love C. need D. memory20.A. strong B. sweet C. strange D. simpleCloze 22015湖南，18分词数:226It was a rainy morning and the children, mainly boys with various learning difficulties, refused to settle for the start of the lesson. As an inexperienced teacher, I tried every means to get them to be 1 , but in vain. My panic was rising and I could feel my heart beating wildly. This was the 2 of my job as a music teacher, I thought — teaching was not for me. Then I had an idea. Hoping that no one would notice that I was 3 inside, I threw my voice as far as it would reach: "Put your heads on the desks and close your 4 ! We are going on a journey."5 , the children fell silent. "Now what should I do?" I thought to myself. Reaching over to my collection of CDs, I blindly6 , put it in the machine and played it.Obediently(顺从地), my class lay their heads on their desks, closed their eyes and7 . When the music started, the room was filled with the most beautiful tones and musical colors I could have ever imagined. All thechildren were 8 . When the music finished, I asked them all to raise their 9 slowly so that we could share our musical journeys.At this point, when all the children were willing to share their experiences, I began to learn how to 10 . The music allowed me to learn that teaching is about sharing and respect, tears and smiles, the knowing and the 11 and, most of all, an understanding of each other. This was the power that 12 in the classroom could have.1.A. glad B. safe C. kind D. quiet2.A. end B. aim C. rule D. plan3.A. guessing B. shaking C. responding D. laughing4.A. eyes B. mouths C. books D. doors5.A. Punctually B. Importantly C. Amazingly D. Obviously6.A. passed one on B. gave one back C. turned one in D. took one out7.A. slept B. nodded C. waited D. continued8.A. talking B. singing C. dancing D. listening9.A. legs B. heads C. arms D. shoulders10.A. teach B. imagine C. play D. understand11.A. unprepared B. unspoken C. unknown D. unforgotten12.A. games B. music C. tears D. knowledgeCloze 32015陕西,30分词数:354Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum. Every night, he would hand me his 1 and say, "Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK?"I was 2 to do it. At age five, this dull task brought me such 3 . I would excitedly turn the tap 4 and brush the comb carefully. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would happily return the comb to Dad. He would 5 affectionately at me and place the comb on his wallet.Two years later, Dad started his own 6 , which wasn’t doing so well. That was when things started to 7 . Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to, Mum and I became 8 with him for placing our family in trouble. With 9 , an uncomfortable silence grew between us.After my graduation, Dad’s business was getting back on track. On my 28th birthday, Dad came home 10 . As usual, I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said, "Hey, would you help me 11 my comb?" I looked at him a while, then 12 the comb and headed to the sink.It hit me then: why, as a child, 13 Dad clean his comb was such a pleasure. That routine(习惯) meant Dad was home early to 14 the evening with Mum and me. It 15 a happy and loving family.I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He smiled at me and 16 placed his comb on his wallet. But this time, I noticed something 17 . Dad had aged. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled, 18 his smile was still as 19 as before, the smile of a father who just wanted a good 20 for his family.1.A. bag B. wallet C. comb D. brush2.A. annoyed B. relieved C. ashamed D. pleased3.A. joy B. sadness C. courage D. pain4.A. out B. over C. in D. on5.A. stare B. smile C. shout D. laugh6.A. family B. business C. task D. journey7.A. progress B. change C. improve D. form8.A. satisfied B. delighted C. mad D. strict9.A. time B. patience C. speed D. ease10.A. occasionally B. early C. frequently D. rarely11.A. sharpen B. repair C. clean D. keep12.A. dropped B. took C. handed D. threw13.A. watching B. letting C. helping D. hearing14.A. find B. lose C. waste D. spend15.A. affected B. broke C. meant D. supported16.A. firmly B. hurriedly C. casually D. carefully17.A. different B. exciting C. interesting D. urgent18.A. for B. or C. so D. yet19.A. convincing B. heartwarming C. cautious D. innocent20.A. origin B. life C. reputation D. educationCloze 42015四川,30分词数:324My previous home had a stand of woods behind it and many animals in the backyard. That first year, I 1 feeding peanuts to the blue jays, then the squirrels. The squirrels had no 2 coming up right to me for them. As the months went by, the rabbits saw that I was no 3 and didn’t escape. When I threw carrot slices (薄片), they even came for a nibble (啃) . Slowly they came to 4 me, and by the end of the year they were eating out of my hand.That second year, the rabbits 5 me, and one would even sit up for slices! While I was feeding them, I 6 that a groundhog who used to run away was now taking an 7 interest in this food situation. I carefully extended a long 8 , with a keen eye on those teeth, and 9 , there were times I would have the groundhog sitting next to a rabbit, both munching (津津有味地咀嚼) on carrots. A few months later, while 10 , she would even turn her back to me. 11 when she was facing away, I reached out and 12 scratched (搔) her back with my finger. She didn’t move.By year three, the rabbits and the groundhog were back. The groundhog 13 didn’t have a problem with me scratching her back, and I got an idea. I’d always 14 , while slicing up carrots, that the end looked like a cap. 15 one day, just to see what she would do, I gently 16 one on top of the groundhog’s head. Again, not a 17 . The next time, I had my camera ready to record what you see here, one of several dozen such pictures. 18 she had a slice to eat, she never 19 the one on her head. It was a fair 20 —I got a pleasure, and she had yet another tasty treat.1.A. avoided B. started C. canceled D. suggested2.A. business B. fun C. problem D. privilege3.A. help B. cheat C. threat D. exception4.A. trust B. miss C. admire D. appreciate5.A. feared B. ignored C. discovered D. remembered6.A. proved B. decided C. noticed D. understood7.A. extreme B. increasing C. additional D. inspiring8.A. squirrel B. rabbit C. peanut D. carrot9.A. before long B. long ago C. over and over D. all over again10.A. eating B. playing C. sitting D. sleeping11.A. Next B. Once C. Soon D. Lately12.A. carefully B. suddenly C. violently D. patiently13.A. also B. thus C. just D. still14.A. thought B. doubted C. admitted D. recognised15.A. While B. Or C. So D. For16.A. fixed B. placed C. hung D. kept17.A. tremble B. move C. delay D. hesitation18.A. Even if B. Ever since C. As far as D. So long as19.A. welcomed B. required C. bothered D. expected20.A. trade B. competition C. task D. affairCloze 52015北京,30分词数:425A Welcome GiftDario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 1 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 2 filled the room and made them feel very happy.The next morning, 3 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 4 under their door during the night. One of their neighbors had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 5 people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 6 and apologize for their playing."Maybe we could go and 7 everyone in person," his mother said."What if we invited them to come here for a 8 instead?"Dario asked.They both loved the 9 . Over the next few days,they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 10 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights.Finally, the day of the party 11 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 12 . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, 13 Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin."I heard you playing the other night," she said. "The sounds woke me out of bed. I 14 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing."Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. "I think maybe we 15 you an apology," she said. "I didn’t 16 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.""You play, you play!" Mrs. Gilbert said."I like what you play! Just not so loud at night." She pointed to the book she had given them."These songs are not such 17 music.""These songs are beautiful music,"Dario’s mother said. "We will be 18 to play them in the evening.""And we won’t play so loud or late!"Dario said. He was already looking forward to 19the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother’s face. It gave him a feeling of 20 and made him feel that they were home at last.1.A. sat B. stood C. lay D. walked2.A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry3.A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. instead4.A. note B. poster C. bill D. report5.A. proud B. rich C. lucky D. nice6.A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. audiences7.A. blame B. instruct C. question D. visit8.A. party B. concert C. show D. play9.A. experience B. idea C. performance D. action10.A. to B. with C. for D. from11.A. continued B. arrived C. passed D. finished12.A. order B. sell C. share D. advertise13.A. treated B. presented C. helped D. served14.A. promised B. admitted C. agreed D. worried15.A. give B. send C. offer D. owe16.A. realize B. remember C. understand D. accept17.A. sweet B. strange C. funny D. loud18.A. brave B. sorry C. happy D. afraid19.A. changing B. practicing C. recording D. writing20.A. equality B. freedom C. warmth D. sympathyCloze 62015湖北,20分词数:306"Daily Star,sir,"called Jason,carrying some newspapers under his arm.The little boy had been running up and down the street,but there were still twenty 1 left.His voice was almost gone and his heart was 2 .The shops would soon close, and all the people would go home.He would have to go home too, carrying the papers 3 money.He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a 4 for his mother and some seeds for his bird.That was why he had bought the papers with all his money.He 5 as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers."You don’t know the 6 of selling papers.You must shout,‘Hot news! Bomb bursting!’"another newsboy Chad told Jason." 7 it’s not in the paper at all," replied Jason."Just run away quickly 8 they have time to see, and you’ll 9 out and get your money,"Chad said.It was a new 10 to Jason.He thought of his bird with no 11 and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother,but was 12 that he would not tell a lie.Though he was 13 a poor newsboy,he had been 14 some good things.The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers 15 . Several boys were crowding around Chad,who declared with a 16 smile that he sold six dozen the day before.He added that Jason 17 money because he would not tell a lie.The boys 18 at Jason."You wouldn’t tell a lie yesterday,my boy?" A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jason’s shoulder 19 ."You’re just the boy I am looking for."A week later Jason started his new 20 . He lost the sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie,but got a well-paid job because he told the truth.1.A. shops B. coins C. people D. papers2.A. open B. heavy C. pure D. weak3.A. instead of B. in return for C. regardless of D. in exchange for4.A. cup B. card C. comb D. cake5.A. gave in B. broke down C. got away D. showed up6.A. difficulty B. process C. goal D. secret7.A. And B. But C. For D. So8.A. before B. since C. though D. unless9.A. call B. drop C. sell D. reach10.A. edition B. idea C. policy D. task11.A. bread B. insects C. seeds D. water12.A. concerned B. amazed C. excited D. determined13.A. still B. already C. just D. also14.A. taught B. handed C. awarded D. allowed15.A. at once B. by chance C. as usual D. on purpose16.A. proud B. gentle C. warm D. polite17.A. borrowed B. lost C. made D. saved18.A. laughed B. shouted C. nodded D. stared19.A. bravely B. gratefully C. fondly D. modestly20.A. duty B. business C. job D. methodCloze 72014新课标全国Ⅱ,30分词数：275Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top 1 , but on their way back conditions were very 2 . Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon 3 alone, he would probably get back 4 . But Simon decided to risk his 5 and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope (绳).As they 6 down, the weather got worse. Then another 7 occurred. They couldn’t see or hear each other and, 8 , Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice (峭壁). It was 9 for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s 10 was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. 11 , after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to 12 . In tears, he cut the rope. Joe 13 into a huge crevasse (裂缝) in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but he 14 to get out of the crevasse and started to 15 towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers 16 .Simon had 17 the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be 18 , but he didn’t want to leave 19. Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t 20 it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.1.A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early2.A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal3.A. climbed B. worked C. rested D. continued4.A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully5.A. fortune B. time C. health D. life6.A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked7.A. damage B. storm C. change D. trouble8.A. by mistake B. by chance C. by choice D. by luck9.A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible。

A（2018全国一卷）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 62 (see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.While running regatesalstly cann't make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and wi ll do. But otherwise… it's probably running. To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to 68 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap,easy and it's always 69 (energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.B（2018全国二卷）Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 61 （grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.C（2018全国三卷）I'm not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 65 (challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 66 (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) no real harm. He was just saying: “I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.D（2017全国一卷）There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.E（2017全国二卷）In 1863, the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ___62__ word. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passsengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day.Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) ofelectric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.F（2017全国三卷）She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as 62 model in New York.Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter, 44,want her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture.Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school ___69 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model my more.”G（2016全国一卷）Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61 (attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I 62 (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 69 (day) with his sister so that while one is beingbottle-fed, 70 other is with mum—she never suspects.H（2016全国二卷）If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of61 (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of62 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67(regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 69 (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 70 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.I（2016全国三卷）In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 61 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 62 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 63 (create) special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 64 (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. Over time, 65 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 66 (gradual) turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 67 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 68 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 69 (be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 70 their hands.高考一、考试中途应饮葡萄糖水大脑是记忆的场所，脑中有数亿个神经细胞在不停地进行着繁重的活动,大脑细胞活动需要大量能量。

2012——2016年阅读理解7选5Passage 1 2016全国卷Ⅰ，10分词数：298Secret codes （密码）keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 1 Code breaking never lags （落后）far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 2 For example, the first letters of "My elephant eats too many eels"spell out the hidden message "Meet me."3 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let's number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message "Meet me" would read "13 5 5 20 13 5."A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 4 For example, "bridge" might stand for "meet" and "out" might stand for "me." The message "Bridge out" would actually mean "Meet me." 5 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.Passage 2 2016全国卷Ⅱ，10分词数：320A garden that's just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 1 . But it doesn't happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.● 2Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 3 . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.●Recall(回忆)your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma's rose garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that's not what's important. 4 — how being in those gardens made us feel. If you'd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 5 . Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.A. Know why you gardenB. Find a good place for your own gardenC. It's our experience of the garden that mattersD. It's delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooG. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you havePassage 3 2016全国卷Ⅲ，10分词数：269Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 1 But it seems that many people don't cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn't difficult. 2 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.3 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn't fresh.4 When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you'd better store the fish in therefrigerator if you don't cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish. 5 First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it's ready to serve.A. Do not buy it.B. The easiest is to steam it.C. This is how you can do it.D. It just requires a little knowledge.E. The fish will go bad within hours.F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.Passage 6 2015新课标全国Ⅰ，10分词数:330Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. 1 Trust is a risk. But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately, we've all been victims of betrayal. Whether we've been stolen from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore. 2 It's understandable, but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.●Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.●If you've been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a "victim mentality". At some point in all of our lives, w●You didn't lose "everything".Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 5 Instead, it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A. Learn to really trust yourself.B. It is putting confidence in someone.C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.E. They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again.F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.Passage 7 2015新课标全国Ⅱ，10分词数：251Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 1 , buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. 2 . As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 3 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 4 . After two weeks, start timing yourself. 5 . Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.A. After six daysB. For a good marathon runnerC. Before you begin your trainingD. With each day, increase the distance by a half mileE. If they still feel good, you can begin running in themF. Time spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingG. Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and timePassage 9 2014新课标全国Ⅰ，10分词数：297The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 1 By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1.CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious. 2 Ask kids,"What ingredients(配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?"and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better?What could we try next time?2.CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 3 There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.3.Interpersonal SkillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what's going on inside our own head, but what about others?Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 4 "Why do you think she's crying?""Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?""If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?"4.Self-expression5 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas — music, acting, drawing, building, photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.A. Encourage kids to cook with you.B. And we can't forget science education.C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist?E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.Passage 10 2014新课标全国Ⅱ，10分词数：320Tips for Cooking on a Tight ScheduleFrom my experience, there are three main reasons why people don't cook more often: ability, money, and time. 1 Money is a topic I'll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:1.Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I'm already hungry and there's nothing ready to eat. So think ahead of the coming week. When will you have time to cook? Do you have the right materials already? 22.Make your time worth it. When you do find time to cook a meal, make the most of it and save yourself time later on. Are you making one loaf of bread? 3 It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. So save yourself the effort for a future meal.3. 4 This may surprise you, but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation. It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.Hopefully that gives you a good start. 5 And don't let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!A. Try new things.B. Ability is easily improved.C. Make three or four instead.D. Understand your food better.E. Cooking is a burden for many people.F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.Passage 13 2013新课标全国Ⅰ，10分词数：243Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润) — that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. 1 Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers. 2Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business. 3 One is the establishment(制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting. 4 The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管) and guidance by the management in authority. 5A. Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.C. Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.Passage 14 2013新课标全国Ⅱ，10分词数：302Public Speaking Training●Get a coach1 , so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you.● Focus on positivesAny training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well. 2 , so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do.● 3If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about. 4 .As far as we're concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. Your audience can be your friends.● You are a special person not a cloneMost importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits.5 . Your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone you're not.A. You aren't like anybody elseB. You already do lots of things wellC. Turn your back on too many rulesD. Check the rules about dos and don'tsE. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is toughF. The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleepG. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worsePassage 16 2012新课标全国，10分词数：339Kids' health: Four steps for fighting stressEverybody gets stressed from time to time. 1 Some ways of dealing with stress —like screaming or hitting someone —don't solve(解决) much. But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed:(1)Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. 2 They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of abeloved pet.(2)Don't take it out on yourself. Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear, that's not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don't take it out on yourself. 3(3)Try to solve the problem. After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends, it's time to get down to business. 4 Even if you can't solve it all, you can solve a piece of it.(4)Be positive. Most stress is temporary (暂时的). Remember stress does go away, especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.These steps aren't magic, but they do work. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you'll help yourself feel better even faster. 5A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.B. Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them.C. Different people feel stress in different ways.D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.E. You need to figure out what the problem is.F. And don't forget about your friends.G. Then, find a way to calm down.2012——2016年阅读理解7选5 答案Passage 1文章主要介绍了与密码学相关的一些情况。

2018届高考英语第一轮复习测试卷（附答案及解析）2018届高考英语第一轮复习测试卷（附答案及解析） 2018届高考英语第一轮复习测试卷（附答案及解析）——高三一轮[B师大]英语卷(二)必修2学校__________________ 班级________________ 姓名__________________ 考号__________________第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共105分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题15分，满分75分)1．What does the woman wish to do?A．Sell caps for small boysB．Exchange the cap for a larger oneC．Make this cap a little smaller2．Where are they probably talking?A．Outside a bookstore B．At an art galleryC．In a shop3．When will Mr Davis meet Ann?A．At 8∶45 B．At 9∶00 C．At 9∶154．What are the man and the woman talking about?A．Christmas holiday B．Christmas dinnerC．Christmas gifts5．What is the possible relationship between the speakers?A．Customer and shop assistantB．Policeman and passer byC．Teacher and student第二节(共15小题；每小题15分，满分225分)听第6段对话，回答第6至8题。

6．Who is the man?。