吉林大学2017年博士研究生入学考试英语试题及参考答案解析

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题As an important part of police strategy, rapid police response is seen by police officers and the public（） as offering tremendous benefits.问题1选项A.similarlyB.the sameC.a likeD.likewise【答案】C【解析】考查近义词。

四个选项均有“相似地，相同地”意思，根据句意“警察和民众都认为警察快速反应机制将会带来巨大利益”，在句中，as 与seen搭配，表示“被看作”的意思，因此空格处应该填入形容词，其中A与D为副词，不符合题意。

As the same虽然可以搭配，但是不符合句子结构，所以选项C 符合题意。

2.单选题Some British universities are state-supported, others are privately（） and still others are supported by religious origination.问题1选项A.ensuredB.attributedC.authorizedD.endowed【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

ensure “保证，确保”；attribute “归属，把··· ···归于”；authorize “批准，认可”；endow “资助，捐赠”。

根据前半句句意“一些英国大学是政府创建的”，后半句“其他有些由宗教组织资助”，可以推出空格处要填入support的同义词，所以选项D符合题意。

3.单选题It is a common theme of many science fiction stories that the world may one day be （）by beings from the outer space.问题1选项A.run overB.filled inC.taken overD.broken in【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。

中国社会科学院2017年博⼠⽣⼊学考试英语试题考博英语真题中国社会科学院研究⽣院2017年攻读博⼠学位研究⽣⼊学考试试卷英语（B卷）2017年3⽉11⽇8:30–11:30答题说明1.请考⽣按照答题卡的要求填写相关内容。

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PART I:Cloze(20points)Directions:Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank.During the mid–1980s,my family and I spent a__(1)__year in the historic town of St.Andrews,/doc/9ea84bb585868762caaedd3383c4bb4cf6ecb75e.html paring life there with life in America,we were impressed by a__(2)__ disconnection between national wealth and well-being.To mostAmericans,Scottish life would have seemed__(3)__.Incomes were about half that in the U.S.Among families in the Kingdom of Fife surrounding St.Andrews,44percent did not own a car,and we never met a family that owned two.Central heating in this place__(4)__south of Iceland was,at that time,still a luxury.In hundreds of conversations during our year there and during three half summer stays since,we ___(5)___noticethat,___(6)___their simpler living,the Scots appeared___(7)___joyful than Americans.We heard complaints about Margaret Thatcher,but never about being underpaid or unable to afford wants.Within any country,such as our own,are rich people happier?In poor countries,being relatively well off doesmake__(8)__somewhat better well off.But in affluent countries,where nearly everyone can afford life’s necessities,increasing affluence matters__(9)__little.In the U.S.,Canada,and Europe,the correlation between income and happiness is,as University of Michigan researcher noted in a1980s16–nation study,“virtually__(10)__”.Happiness is lower __(11)__the very poor.Butonce comfortable,more money provides diminishing returns.Even very rich people are only slightly happier than average.With net worth all___(12)___$100million,providing___(13)___money to buy things they don’t need and hardly care about,4 in5of the49people responding to survey agreed that“Money can increase or decrease happiness, depending on how it is used”.And some were indeed unhappy.One fabulously__(14)__man said he could never remember being happy.One woman reported thatmoney__(15)__misery caused by her children’s’problems.At the other end of life’s circumstances are most victims of disabling tragedies.Yet,remarkably, most eventually recover a near-normal level of day-to-day happiness.Thus,university students who must cope with disabilities are__(16)__able-bodied students to report themselves happy,and their friends agree with their self-perceptions.We have__(17)__the American dream of achieved wealth and well-being by comparing rich and unrich countries,and rich and unrich people.That leaves the final question:Over time,does happiness rise with affluence?Typically not.Lottery winners appear to gain but a temporary jolt of joy from their winnings. On a small scale,a jump in our income can boost our morale,for a while.But in the long run, neither an ice cream cone nor a new car nor becoming rich and famous produces the same feelings of delight that it initially___(18)___.Happiness is not the result of being rich,buta__(19)__ consequence of having recently become richer.Wealth,it therefore seems,is like health:Although its utter absence can breed misery,having it does not guarantee happiness.Happiness is__(20)__a matter of getting what we want than of wanting what we have.1. a.underpaid b.prosperous c.affluent d.sabbatical2. a.assumed b.seeming c.seemed d.seemly3. a.precarious b.imprudent c.spartan d.gallant4. a.not far b.as far as c.far from d.far to5. a.virtually b.remarkably c.ideally d.repeatedly6. a.forasmuch b.despite c.considering d.inasmuch7. a.no less b.less c.more d.no more8. a.for b.up c.out d.over9. a.scarely b.intentionally c.surprisingly d.provisionally10.a.diminishing b.negligible c.tripled d.perceivable11.a.in b.on c.upon d.among12.a.exceeded b.exceeding c.excess d.excessive13.a.utter b.messy c.greedy d.ample14.a.prosperous b.triumphant c.jubilant d.victorious15.a.could undo b.could intensifyc.could not undod.could not intensify16.a.as plausible as b.not as plausible asc.as likely asd.not as likely as17.a.ventilated b.deliberated c.speculated d.scrutinized18.a.does b.did c.has done d.is19.a.new b.favorite c.temporary d.normal20.a.more b.less c.better d.worsePART II:Reading Comprehension(30points)Directions:Choose the best answers based on the information in the passages below. Passage1In the1960s and’70s of the last unlamented century,there was a New York television producer named David Susskind.He was commercially successful;he was also,surprisingly,a man of strong political views which he knew how to present so tactfully that networks were often unaware of just what he was getting away with on their—our—air.Politically,he liked to get strong-minded guests to sit with him at a round table in a ratty building at the corner of Broadway and42nd Street.Sooner or later,just about everyone of interest appeared on his program.Needless to say,he also had time for Vivien Leigh to discuss her recent divorce from Laurence Olivier,which summoned forth the mysterious cry from the former Scarlett O’Hara,“I am deeply sorry for any woman who was not married to Larry Olivier.”Since this took in several billion ladies(not to mention those gentlemen who might have offered to fill,as it were,the breach),Leigh caused a proper stir,as did the ballerina Alicia Markova,who gently assured us that“a Markova comes only once every hundred years or so.”I suspect it was the dim lighting on the set that invited such naked truths.David watched his pennies.I don’t recall how,or when,we began our“States of the Union”programs.But we did them year after year.I would follow whoever happened to be president,and I’d correct his“real”State of the Union with one of my own,improvising from questions that David would prepare.I was a political pundit because in a1960race for the House of Representatives(upstate New York), I got more votes than the head of the ticket,JFK;in1962,I turned down the Democratic nomination for U.S.Senate on the sensible ground that it was not winnable;I also had a pretty good memory in those days,now a-jangle with warning bells as I try to recall the national debt or,more poignantly,where I last saw my glasses.。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题The （）of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually makes jobs easier to do.问题1选项A.additionB.applicationC.associationD.affection【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

addition “添加”；application “应用；申请”；association “协会；联盟”；affection “感情；影响”。

句意：新的科学发现应用在工业生产上使得工作更容易。

选项B符合题意。

2.单选题The great use of school education is not so much to teach you things（）to teach you the art of learning.问题1选项A.thanB.rather thanC.norD.as【答案】D【解析】考查固定用法。

Not so much…as 表示“不是··· ···而是··· ···”。

句意：学校教育的重大作用不是教给你什么而是教给你学习的方法。

选项D符合题意。

3.单选题The roof（） under the weight of the snow.问题1选项A.fellB.submergedC.collapsedD.descended【答案】C4.单选题Many years ago, a lot of factories were（） from big cities to the mountainous areas in case of war.问题1选项A.transferredB.transformedC.transmittedD.transported【答案】A【解析】考查形似动词词义辨析。

东北师范大学吉林大学考博英语辅导：考博英语阅读理解习题Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said—the words.Words do provide us with some information，but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone.Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message.Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words.We don't always say what we mean or mean what we say.Sometimes our words don't mean anything except“I'm letting off some steam.I don't really want you to pay close attention to what I'm saying.Just pay attention to what I'm feeling.”Mostly we mean several things at once.A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner，“This step has to be fixed before I'll buy.”The owner says，“It's been like that for years.”Actually，the step hasn't been like that for years，but the unspoken message is：“I don't want to fix it.We put up with it.Why can't you？”The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed of examining a message in terms of who said it，when it occurred，the related conditions or situation，and how it was said.When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning.Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing.But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior.A friend's unusually docile behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness.Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic.For example，a person who says“No！”to a serials of charges like“You're dumb，”“You're lazy，”and“You're dishonest，”may also say“No！”and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is“And you're good looking.”We would do well to listen for how messages are presented.The words，“If sure has been nice to have you over，”can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically.The phrase can be said once or repeated several times.And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly.Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance；sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes.1.Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners，if___.A.they use proper words to carry their ideas.B.they both speak truly of their own feelings.C.they try to understand each other's ideas beyond words.D.they are capable of associating meaning with their words.2.“I'm letting off some steam”in paragraph1means___.A.I'm just calling your attention.B.I'm just kidding.C.I'm just saying the opposite.D.I'm just giving off some sound.3.The house-owner's example shows that he actually means___.A.the step has been like that for years.B.he doesn't think it necessary to fix the step.C.the condition of the step is only a minor fault.D.the cost involved in the fixing should be shared.4.Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical，but are justifiable if___.A.linked to an abnormal amount of assertiveness.B.seen as one's habitual pattern of behavior.C.taken as part of an ordering sequence.D.expressed to a series of charges.5.The word“ritualistically”in the last paragraph equals something done___.A.without true intention.B.light-heartedly.C.in a way of ceremony.D.with less emphasis.答案：ＤＢＡＢＣ本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

吉林大学2017年博士研究生入学考试英语试题及参考答案解析吉林大学2017年博士研究生入学考试英语试题Part I Vocabulary and Structure(30points)Directions:There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1.The safari hunter was nearly________to death by a herd of elephants.A.stampededB.trampledC.trodD.stamped2.She felt that she was too________with problems to be able to study properly.A.burdenedB.tiredC.grievedD.disturbed3.The roof________under the weight of the snow.A.fellB.submergedC.collapsedD.descended4.His criticism injured Jenny’s________.So she is feeling sad now.A.divinityB.indignityC.egoD.mind5.Hundreds of people________on the playground for watching the Dragon Lantern show.A.contrivedB.conformedC.conferredD.converged6.The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transportation and is therefore,not________to work locally./doc/2012752826.htmlpelledB.obligedC.restrictedD.repelled7.The doctors don’t________that the patient will live much longer.A.monitorB.manifestC.articulateD.anticipate8.Knowing that he had been admitted to Cambridge University,he was too excited to be________on the phone.A.coincidentalB.identicalC.sameD.coherent9.Hard work and malnutrition________his health and he looked thin and pale.A.impairedB.promotedC.acceleratedD.smashed10.Since you changed lanes without signaling,you are as much to________for theaccident as us.A.blameB.accusationC.condemnationD.charge11.Although he is in his fifties,his________arms are as powerful as those of a young man.A.energeticB.giganticC.muscularD.effective12.The purpose of the lecture was to________the masses of the United States with theelementary problems of Latin America./doc/2012752826.htmlrmB.acquaintC.instructD.announce13.Our teacher didn’t have time so far to go into it________,but he gave us an idea abouthis plan.A.in turnB.at handC.in conclusionD.at length14.She often says her greatest happiness________serving the handicapped children.A.consists inB.relies on/doc/2012752826.htmlposes of/doc/2012752826.htmlprises in15.Whenever possible,Ian________how well he speaks Japanese.A.shows upB.shows aroundC.shows offD.shows out16.________is known to the world,Mark Twain is a great American writer.A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It117.Look at the terrible situation I am in!If only I________your advice.A.followB.had followedC.would followD.have followed18.I remember________to help us if we ever were in difficulties.A.once offeringB.him once offeringC.him to offerD.to offer him19.Helen apologized for________the party.A.her not being able to attendB.her being not able to attendC.her being able not to attendD.not her being able to attend20.It’s a pity that we should stay at home when we have________.A.so fineB.such fineC.such a fineD.so fine a21.Evidence came up________specific sounds are recognized by babies as young as sixmonths old.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whose22.America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it________beforethe West was settled.A.couldB.didC.wouldD.was23.________for a long time,the fields are all dried up.A.There has been no rainB.Having no rainC.There having been no rainD.There being no rain24.He spoke so________that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.A.bluntlyB.convincinglyC.emphaticallyD.determinedly25.It is announced that a wallet has been found and can be________at the manager’soffice.A.declaredB.obtainedC.reclaimedD.recognized26.Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure________.A.and more on efficiencyB.than more on efficiencyC.and more efficiencyD.than efficiency27.The earnings of women are well below that of men________educational differencesthat are diminishing between the two sexes.A.althoughB.thoughC.despite ofD.in spite of28.You should know better than________your little sister at home by herself.A.to leaveB.leavingC.to have leftD.left29.What the governments should do urgently is to take actions to________the economy.A.brookB.blushC.boostD.brood30.Some minerals are quite common,others are regionally________,and still others arerare on the earth.A.attributedB.distributedC.contributedD.scattered Part II Cloze(10%)Directions:There are20blanks in the following passage.For each blank them are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Our ape-men forefathers had no obvious weapons in the struggle for survival in the2open.They had neither the powerful teeth nor the31.________claws of the big cats.They could not32.________with the bear,whose strength,speed and claws33.________an impressive“small-fire”weaponry.They could not even defend themselves34.________ running swiftly like horse,zebras or small animals.If the ape-men had attempted to compete on those terms in the open,they would have been35.________to failure and extinction.But they were36.________with enormous concealed advantages of a kind not37.________by any of their competitors.In the search38.________the pickings of the forest,the ape-man had39.________ efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of color40.________the animals of the grasslands did not possess.The ability to see clearly at close range41.________the ape-men to study practical problems in a way that lay far42.________the reach of the original inhabitants of the grassland.Good long distance sight was43.________another /doc/2012752826.htmlck oflong-distance vision had not been a problem for forest-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint,the greater the range of sight,so44.________they had had to do was climb a tree.Out in the open,however,this simple solution was not45.________. Climbing a hill would have helped,but in many places the ground was flat.The ape-men46. ________the only possible solution.They reared up as high as47.________on their hind limbs and began to walk upright.This vital change of physical position brought about considerable disadvantages.It was extremely unstable and it meant that the already slow ape-man became slower still.48.________,they persevered and their bone structure graduallybecame49.________to the new,unstable position that50.________them the name Homo erectus,upright man.31. A.big B.weak C.strong D.small32. A.match /doc/2012752826.htmlpare C.rival D.equal33. A.became B.equipped C.posed D.provided34. A.in B.upon C.by D.with35. A.driven B.doomed C.forced D.led36. A.bestowed B.given C.presented D.endowed37. A.managed B.possessed C.posed D.opposed38. A.for B.of C.on D.at39. A.progressed B.generated C.developed D.advanced40. A.which B.as C.what D.that41. A.urged B.permitted C.banned D.caused42. A.from B.apart C.beyond D.above43. A.rather B.quite C.much D.really44. A.anything B.that C.everything D.all45. A.available B.enough C.sufficient D.convenient46. A.chose B.adopted C.accepted D.took47. A.valuable B.acceptable C.possible D.able48. A.However B.Therefore C.Meanwhile D.Subsequently49. A.suited B.familiarized C.adapted D.accustomed50. A.obtained B.called C.deserved D.earnedPart III Reading Comprehension(60%)Directions:There are6reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of then there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions51to55are based on the followingpassage:Passage1Perhaps no single monument in the USA is as famous are the State of Liberty.Standing on a small island in New York Harbor,the crowned lady,holding aloft in her right hand the torch of freedom and in her left hand a tablet which is inscribed“July4th,1776”,is a symbol of American democracy.She is colossal.She is151ft.high and the pedestal on which she stands is almost as much.An elevator takes visitors to the top of the pedestal, around which a balcony runs.A Spiral staircase goes up to the crown,and another to the torch.The State of Liberty was a gift to the USA from France in1886,as a mark of friendship and also in memory of the aid France gave the Americans during the American Revolution.For millions of immigrants,the Statue was their first sight of the promised land,and for a few it was also the last,as they sailed back home again.About a mile from Liberty Island, there is another small island,called Ellis Island,which was looked upon with dread by the immigrants.For it was here that they had to wait their turn to be examined by doctors and officials.Most of the immigrants could not speak a word of English.But only two out of100 immigrants were refused admission to New York City.Often the person refused turned out to be a grand-mother or a weary,frightened girl mistakenly labeled“feeble-minded.”Sometimes husbands and wives were parted because one of them happened to have a bad cough and was suspected of having tuberculosis.New York City was a bitter disillusionment to some immigrants.For from being a city paved with gold,it was a city teeming with overcrowded,unhealthy and unsafe ghettos.Theimmigrants looked for earlier immigrants of their own nationality or religion.So Italian, Polish,Irish,Jewish neighborhoods grew up.Because they could not speak English,the newcomers found it difficult to get work at once,and their living quarters were often slums.\ However,they found in the USA opportunities of bettering themselves.Today immigrants no longer have to endure the indignities of Ells Island.The grim buildings were closed down in1924.In1976,Ellis Island became an historic monument.51.Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A.Gateway to the USA.B.State of LibertyC.Ellis IslandD.Immigrants of the USA52.The word“colossal”in paragraph1means________.A.miniatureB.colorfulC.enormousD.beautiful53.Immigrants looked upon Ellis Island with dread because________.A.they could not speak a wordB.they might be refused admission to the USA.C.husbands and wives might be recognizedD.they were suspected54.Paragraph3implies that________.A.New York City was paved with goldB.immigrants of the same nationality and religion lived in the samebuilding C.immigrants lived everywhereD.some immigrants were disappointed at New York City55.Which of the following statement is not true?A.The Statue of Liberty was a gift from France.B.France gave the USA the State to commemorate the aid they received from the US.C.The Statue of Liberty is the most famous monument in the USA.D.The Statue of Liberty is the symbol of American democracy.Questions56-60are based on the following passage.Passage2Robert F.Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures“everything except that which makes life worthwhile.”With Britain voting to leave the European Union,and GDP already predicted to slow as a result,it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century.Many argue that it is a flawed concept.It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do.By most recent measures,the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world,with record low unemployment and high growth figures.If everything was going so well,then why did over17million people vote for Brexit,despite the warning about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question.Across the163countries measured,the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens.Rather than just focusing on GDP,over40different sets of criteria from health,education and civil society engagement have beenmeasured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges,there are a number of consistent themes.Yes,there has been a budding economic recovery since the2008global crash,but in key indicators in areas such as health and education,major economies have continued to decline.Yet this isn’t the case with all countries.Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society,income equality and environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn.When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of country’s success,the world looks very different.So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations,as a measure,it is no longer enough. It does not include important factors such as environmental quality of education outcomes---all thing that contribute to a person’s sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth.But policymakers,who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.56.Robert F.Kennedy is cited because he________.A.praised the UK for its GDPB.identified GDP with happinessC.misinterpreted the role of GDPD.had a low opinion of GDP57.It can be inferred from Paragraph2that________.A.the UK is reluctant to remold its economic patternB.the UK will contribute less to the world economyC.GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UKD.policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP58.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?A.It excludes GDP as an indicatorB.It is sponsored by163countries.C.Its criteriaare questionable D.Its result are enlightening59.In the last two paragraphs,the author suggests that________.A.the UK is preparing for an economic boomB.high GDP foreshadows an economic declineC.it is essential to consider factors beyond GDPD.it requires caution to handle economic issue60.Which of the following is the best for the text?A.High GDP but Inadequate Well-being,a U.K lessonB.GDP figures,a Window on Global Economic HealthC.Robert F.Kennedy,a Terminator of GDPD.Brexit,the UK’s Gateway to Well-beingQuestions61-65are based on the following passagePassage3The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over2,000years ago.Now twitter, instant messaging,e-mail,blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication---but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions:persuading or inspiring,informing, payingtribute,entertaining,or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.Over the past year,the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs or what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view.When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December2009,persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches confront the emotions.They focus on topics and matters that are close to people’s hearts.During wars,generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us.The information must be clear,accurate,and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1pandemic was announced,the idea of“swine flu”scared many people. Informative speeches from Words Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of aloved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting.Madonna’s speech about Michael Jacks on,after his death,heighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It’s not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role.It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you’re taking part i n a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument.In sports,athletesknow the importance of a pep talk(鼓舞士气的讲话) before a match to inspire teammates.You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level,a friend may be upset and need comforting.Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding,where you language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we’re born with.Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech.For a brilliant speech,there are rules that you can put to good use.To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.61.The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because________.A.it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B.it has a big role to play in the entertainment businessC.it plays important roles in human communicationD.it is of great use in everyday-life context62.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A.Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problemsB.Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemicsC.The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers’speechesD.Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.63.Public speaking can play all the following rolesEXCEPT________.A.to convince people in a debate/doc/2012752826.htmlrm people at a presentationC.to advise people at workD.to entertain people at a wedding64.According to the passage,which of the following best explains the author’s view on“great speaking ability”?A.It comes from observing rules.C.It can be acquired from birth. practice.65.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Public speaking in international forums.C.Public speaking in daily life context.B.It can be perfected with easy effortD.It comes from learning andB.The many uses of public speaking D.The rules of public speakingQuestions66-60are based on the following passage.Passage4“The ancient Hawaiians were astronomers”,wrote Queen Liliuokalani,Hawaii’s last re igning monarch,in1897.Star watchers were among the most esteemed members of Hawaiian society.Sadly,all is not well with astronomy in Hawaii today.Protests have erupted over construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope(TMT),a giant observatory thatpromises t o revolutionize humanity’s view of the cosmos.At issue is the TMT’s planned location on Mauna Kea,dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens.But MaunaKea is also home to some of the world’s m ost powerful telescopes.Rested in the Pacific Ocean,Mauna Kea’s peak rises above the bulk of our planet’s dense atmosphere,where conditions allow telescopes to obtain images of unsurpassed clarity.Opposition to telescopes on Mauna Kea is nothing new.A small but vocal group of Hawaiians and environments have long viewed their presence as disrespect for sacred land and a painful reminder of the occupation of what was once a sovereign nation.Some blame for the current controversy belongs to astronomers.In their eagerness to build bigger telescopes,they forgot that science is the only way of understanding the world. They did not always prioritize the protection of Mauna Kea’s fragile ecosystems or its holiness to the island’s inhabitants.Hawaiian culture is not a relic of the past;it is a living culture undergoing a renaissance today.Yet science has a cultural history,too,with roots going back to the dawn of civilization. The same curiosity to find to what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii’s shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens.Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are,where we come from and where we are going.Perhaps that is why we explore the starry skies,as if answering a primal calling to know ourselves and our true ancestral homes.The astronomy community is making compromises to change it use of Mauna Kea.The TMT site was chosen to minimize the telescope’s visibility around the island and to avoidarchaeological and environmental impact.To limit the number of telescopes on Mauna Kea, old ones will be removed at the end of their lifetimes and their sites returned to a natural state. There is no reason why everyone cannot be welcomed on Mauna Kea to embrace their cultural heritage and to study the stars.66.Queen Liliuokalani’s remark in Paragraph1indicates,________.A.the conservative view on the historical role of astronomy.B.the importance of astronomy in ancient Hawaiian society.C.the regrettable decline of astronomy in ancient times.D.her appreciation of star watchers’feats in her time.67.Mauna Kea is deemed as an ideal astronomical site due to________.A.its geographical featuresB.its protective surroundingsC.its religiousimplications D.its existing infrastructure68.The construction of the TMT is opposed by some locals partly because________.A.it may risk ruining their intellectual lifeB.it reminds them of a humiliating history.C.their culture will lose a chance of revivalD.they fear losing control of Mauna Kea69.It can be inferred from Paragraph5that progress in today’s astronomy________.A.is fulfilling the dreams of ancient Hawaiians.B.helps spread Hawaiian culture across the worldC.many uncover the origin of Hawaiian cultureD.will eventually soften Hawaiian’s hostility.70.The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as theTMT site is one of________.A.severe criticismB.passive acceptanceC.slight hesitancyD.fullapprovalQuestions71-75are based on the following passage.Passage5Those who welcomed the railway saw it as more than a rapid and comfortable means of passing.They actually saw it as factor in world peace.They did not foresee that the railway would be just one more means for the rapid movement of aggressive armies.None of them foresaw that the more we are together,the more chances there are of war.Any boy or girl who is one of a large family knows that.Whenever any new invention is put forward,those for it and those against it can always find medical men to approve or condemn.The anti-railway group produced doctors who said that tunnels would be most dangerous to public health.They would produce colds,catarrhs (粘膜炎)and consumptions（肺癌）.The deafening noise and the glare of the engine fire would have a bad effect on the nerves.Further,being moved through the air at a high speed would do grave injury to delicate lungs.In those with high blood-pressure,the movement for the train might produce apoplexy(中风).The sudden plunging of a train into the darkness of a tunnel,and the equally sudden rush into full daylight,would cause great damage to eyesight.But the pro-railway group was of course able to produce equally famous medical men to say just the opposite.They said that the speed and swing of the train would equalize the circulation promotedigestion,tranquilize the nerves,and ensure good sleep.The actual rolling-stock was anything but comfortable.If it was a test of endurance to six for four hours outside a coach in rain,or inside in dirty air,the railway offered little more in the way of comfort.Certainly the first-class carriages had cushioned seats;but the second-class had only narrow bare boards,while the third-class had nothing at all;no seats and no roof;they were just open trucks so that third-class passengers gained nothing from the new mode except speed.A writer in the early days of railways wrote feelingly of both second-and third-class carriages.He made the suggestion that the directors of the railways must have sent all over the world to find the hardest possible wood.Of the open third-class trucks he said that they had the peculiar property of meeting the rain from whatever quarter it came.He describe them as horizontal shower-baths,from whose searching power there was no escape.71.All boys and girls in large families know that________.A.a boy and a girl usually fight when they are together.B.people tend to be together more than they used to beC.a lot of people being together makes fights likelyD.railway leads the world to peace72.According to those who welcomed the railway,the railway itself should include all thefollowing except________.A.the railway enables people to travel fastB.the railway brings comfort to peopleC.the railway makes the world peacefulD.the railway leads the world to war.73.According to the anti-railway group,all the followings are true but________.A.tunnels are dangerous to public health.B.the noise and the glare of the engine fire may affect people’s nervesC.the rapid speed through the air does damage to people’s lungs.D.to those with high blood-pressure,the rapid speed of the train causes them to die74.We may safely conclude that________.A.the author belongs to the anti-railway groupB.the author belongs to the for-railway groupC.the author speaks highly of the railwayD.the author may never take train because of its potential dangers.75.What is the tone of the passage?A.PracticalB.NeutralC.HumorousD.Exaggerated Questions76-80are based on the following passage.Passage6There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint.Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate.“Sometime in the future,”the paper’s publisher said back in2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside,there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print.The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper---printing presses, delivery trucks---isn’t just expensive;it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints.Readers are migrating away from printanyway.And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts,revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower,but rushing to eliminate is print edition would be a mistake,says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business,but only if they go about doing it the right way.“Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them.”he said.“but if you discontinue it,you’re going t o have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway.Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD mailing service to focus on streaming.“It was seen as blunder,”he said.The move turned out to be foresighted.And if Peretti were in charge at the Times?“I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,”he said,“I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor,the idea goes,and they’d like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in,“So if you’re overpaying for print,you could feel like you were helping.”Peretti said.“Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In other words,if you’re going to make a print product,make it for the people who are already obsessed with it, which may be what the Times is doing already.Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly$500a year—more than twice as much as a digital—only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business.”Peretti。

吉林大学入学考试——英语准考证号：身份证号：姓名:一. 找出与其他三项划线部分读音不同的单词（每小题1分）1（）. A. ready B breakfast C already D. leave2. （）A balloon B. smoothly C. fool D. foot3（）. A. thank B watch C. can D cat4.（）A. much B school C. French D teacher5.（）A. low B tower C. throw D snow6.（）A park B hard C garden D sugar7.（）A.afford B doctor C sort D sport8. （）A seat B sea C theatre D. please9.（）A. cake B. car C city D. clock10.（） A. home B. rose C. shop D hope二. Vocabulary and Structure (词汇与结构) （每小题2分）1. I had ___ ____ that I would always remember it.A. so a good experienceB. such a good experienceC. so good an experienceD. such good an experience2. __ ____ give us help is welcome.A. Who everB. WhoeverC. No matter whoD. Those who3. After running for nearly half an hour, I was __ ______.A. out of placeB. out of controlC. out of breathD. out of practice4.__ ___，Mr. Brown saw the washing machine which had been repaired go wrong again.A. To his surpriseB. It was surprisedC. SurprisingD. It was surprising5.——What made her so upset？——__ __ _the necklace__ ___ yesterday.A. Lost，boughtB. Lost，buyingC. Losing，having boughtD. Losing，bought6.The three children looked after their sick mother__ ________.A. in returnB. by turnC. in turnD. being done7.Tom went out to play with his homework_____ _____.A. doneB. to doC. doingD. being done8. Not until_____ ____ the whole thing to him______ that he was wrong.A. had I explained，he realizedB. had I explained，that he realizedC. I had explained，that he realizedD. I had explained，did he realize9. You do look __ _____. You are not at all like a person who has been ill in bed for years.A. goodB. wellC. sadD. disappointed10. Some people like to eat apples. But some prefer bananas __ _____ apples.A. toB. forC. withD. against11. I am sure he didn’t intend to hurt your feelings ____ ___ he did say so.A. unless B as if C even if D if12. _______ ___ like watching TV.A All of childrenB All of the Children C. All them D All of they13. Here ___ _ a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.A areB wereC isD have14. “_____ ____, children”. Mother urged the guest at our party.A. Enjoy yourself B Enjoy yourselves C Enjoy oneself D Enjoy everyone15. After the guests left, she spent half an hour __ ____ the sitting room.A to cleanB cleaning C. to cleaning D clean16. I said, “I enjoy cleaning windows at night.”“__ _____, “answered my neighbor.A. So I do B I do so C So do I D So did I17. No matter ______ busy you are, he always insists on __ ____ with you.A how, comingB what, to comeC how , to comeD what, coming18. It is only in recent years ____ __ he has begun to gain pounds in weight.A. until B when C that D before19. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find ___ __glass.A some brokenB some breakingC any breakingD any broken20. On the first __ ___ of twelve everyone stopped for lunch.A strikeB stokeC minuteD sound21. I often fish for hours without ___ ___ anything.A catchB caughtC catchingD being caught22. The population in China _ ___ very large and 80 percent of the population ___ peasants.A is, isB are, areC is, areD are, is23. The doctor told him that he would have to stay in hospital for _______ two weeks.A. other B another C the other D others24. Twenty percent of the teachers in our school are _________A women teachersB women’s teachersC woman teachersD woman’s teachers25. We always have ___ supper at 7 o’clock, we had _____ good supper yesterday.A /, aB a, aC /, /D a, /26 Where there is __ ___ will, there is _____ way.A. a , the B a, a C the , a D the, the27. When we had finished dinner, George asked the waiter to bring his the ____.A. menu B tip C bill D cost28. My chemistry teacher was very strict _____ us.A in B, on C of D with29. I saw a ______ good film on TV last night.A prettyB beautifulC lovelyD much30 I like this cloth for it has a _______ of red and white squares.A. shape B form C model D pattern三、用正确的介词填空，使句子完整。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题There is too great a （）of alcohol in Britain.问题1选项A.consumptionB.destructionC.absenceD.transmission【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

consumption “消费；消耗”；destruction “破坏；毁灭”；absence “缺乏；缺席”；transmission “传动装置;传送”。

句意：英国的酒精消耗太大了。

选项A符合题意。

2.单选题Many old houses have been（） in order that new big buildings may be built.问题1选项A.leveledB.collapsedC.demolishedD.felled 【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

level “使同等；对准；弄平”；collapse “倒塌；瓦解”，一般做不及物动词，无被动形式；demolish “拆除；破坏”；fell “砍伐；打倒；击倒”。

句意：为了修建新的建筑，很多老房子被拆除了。

选项C符合题意。

3.单选题The（） prevents the people in the two neighboring nations from living in peace.问题1选项A.brevityB.amenityC.enmityD.fidelity【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

brevity “简洁”；amenity “舒适，愉悦”；enmity “敌意，憎恨”；fidelity “忠诚”。

题干中提到有一种东西会阻止两邻国友好相处，这种东西很明显是enmity，选项C 符合题意。

4.单选题One of the basic characteristics of capitalism is the private ownership of the major means of production — capital. The ownership of large amount of capital can bring （1 ）profits, as well as economic and political power. Some recent theorists,（2 ）, have argued that our society has moved to a new stage of（3 ）that they call “post-industrial” society. One important change in such a society is that the ownership of（4 ）amounts of capital is no longer the only or even the most important（5 ）of profits and influences;knowledge as well as （6 ）capital brings profits and influence.There are many（7 ）with the thesis above, not the least of（8 ）is that wealthy capitalistscan buy the experts and knowledge they need to keep their profits and influence. But thisdoes not（9 ） the importance of knowledge in an advanced industrial society, as the（10 ）of some new industries indicates（11 ）, genetic engineering and the new computer technology have（12 ）many new firms and made some scientists quite rich. In（13 ）with criticism of the post-industrial society thesis, however, it must also be（14 ）that those already in control of huge amounts of capital (i.e.major corporations) soon（15 ）to take most profits in these industries based on new knowledge.Moving down from the level of wealth and power, we still find knowledge increasingly （16 ）Many new high tech jobs are being created at the upper-middle-class level, but even more new jobs are being created in the low-skill, low-paying service （17 ）. Something like a class line is emerging centered around knowledge. Individuals who fall too far behind in the（18 ）of knowledge at a young age will find it almost impossible to catch up later, no matter how hard they try illiteracy in the English language has been a severe （19 ） for many years in the United States, but we are also moving to the point when computer illiteracy will hinder many more people and（20 ）them to a life of low-skill and low-paid labor.问题1选项A.quantitativeB.extensiveprehensiveD.sophisticated问题2选项A.moreoverB.howeverC.thereforeD.furthermore问题3选项A.aggressionB.proficiencyC.productivityD.evolution问题4选项A.dominantB.impressiveC.magnificentD.significant问题5选项A.sourceB.factorponentD.element问题6选项A.adequateB.profitableC.materialD.spiritual问题7选项A.advantagesB.consequencesC.problemsD.potentials问题8选项A.themB.thoseC.whichD.that问题9选项A.denyB.refuseC.admitD.acknowledge问题10选项A.emergenceB.innovationC.extinctionD.discovery 问题11选项A.In additionB.For exampleC.Above allD.In short问题12选项A.producedB.createdC.improvedD.facilitated问题13选项A.lineB.needC.doubtD.match问题14选项A.idealizedB.recognizedC.supervisedD.summarized问题15选项A.stepped inB.settled downC.leaned overD.turned out问题16选项A.accessibleB.importantC.popularD.abundant问题17选项A.enterprisesB.employmentC.professionsD.industries问题18选项A.controlB.masteryC.searchD.pursuit问题19选项A.handicapB.penaltyC.inconvenienceD.shortcoming问题20选项A.enforceB.punishC.imposeD.condemn【答案】第1题:A 第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D第5题:A第6题:C第7题:C第8题:C第9题:A第10题:A第11题:B第12题:B第13题:A第14题:B第15题:A第16题:B第17题:D第18题:D第19题:A第20题:D【解析】（1）考查形容词词义辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Look at the terrible situation I am in！If only I （） your advice.问题1选项A.followB.had followedC.would followD.have followed【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。

与过去事实相反，从句的动词形式是 had + 过去分词。

选项B符合题意。

2.翻译题The increase in international business and in foreign investment has created a need for executives with knowledge of foreign languages and skills in cross-cultural communication. Americans, however, have not been well trained in either area and, consequently, have not enjoyed the same level of success in negotiation in an international arena as have their foreign counterparts.Negotiating is the process of communicating back and forth for the purpose of reaching an agreement. It involves persuasion and compromise, but in order to participate in either one, the negotiators must understand the ways in which people are persuade and how compromise, is reached within the culture of the negotiation.In many international business negotiations abroad, Americans are perceived as wealthyand impersonal. It often appears to the foreign negotiator that the American represents a large multimillion-dollar corporation that can afford to pay the price without bargaining further. The American negotiator's role becomes that of an impersonal purveyor of information and cash. In studies of American negotiators abroad, several traits have been identified that may serve to confirm this stereotypical perception, while undermining the negotiator’s position.Two traits in particular those cause cross-cultural misunderstandings are directness and impatience on the part of the American negotiator. Furthermore，American negotiators, often insist on realizing short-term benefits. Foreign negotiators and may be willing to invest time in it for long-term benefits. In order to solidify the relationship, they may opt for indirect interactions without regard for the time involved in getting to know the other negotiator.Clearly, perceptions and differences in values affect the outcomes of negotiations and the success for negotiators. For Americans to play a more effective role in international business negotiations, they must put forth more effort to improve cross-cultural understanding.【答案】国际贸易以及海外投资的增长促使了对具有语言知识和跨文化交流技巧的人才的需求的出现。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Some of this meat came from Canada. How about （）?问题1选项A.anotherB.othersC.the otherD.the rest【答案】D【解析】考查不可数名词的指代。

meat 是不可数名词，前面三个选项一般用来知道可数名词，所以不符合题意。

选项D既可以指代可数名词，也可以指代不可数名词，符合题意。

句意：这里一部分肉来自加拿大，那剩下的呢？2.单选题Some British universities are state-supported, others are privately（） and still others are supported by religious origination.问题1选项A.ensuredB.attributedC.authorizedD.endowed【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

ensure “保证，确保”；attribute “归属，把··· ···归于”；authorize “批准，认可”；endow “资助，捐赠”。

根据前半句句意“一些英国大学是政府创建的”，后半句“其他有些由宗教组织资助”，可以推出空格处要填入support的同义词，所以选项D符合题意。

3.单选题The employer must（） that the applications for the post have the proper qualifications. 问题1选项A.justifyB.verifyC.warrantD.perceive【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

justify “证明··· ···是正当的；替··· ···辩护”；verify “核实；查证”；warrant “保证；担保”；perceive “察觉，感觉”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Tight shoes（） my feet.问题1选项A.irritateB.smartC.acheD.bruise【答案】D【解析】考查词义辨析。

Irritate “激怒；使兴奋”，动词；smart “聪明的”，形容词；ache “疼痛”，名词；bruise “擦伤”，名词或者动词。

句意：这双鞋子太紧了，把我的脚给擦伤了。

选项D符合题意。

2.单选题One of the requirements for a fire is that the material（）to its burning temperature. 问题1选项A.be heatedB.is heatedC.would heatedD.to heated 【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。

requirement为主语，所以后面应该使用虚拟语气，后面的动词形式是should do，表示“要求··· ···，其中should是可以省略的。

Material与heat之间应该是被动语态，所以应该是should be heated，其中should可以省略，所以选项A符合题意。

3.单选题They（） his claim of innocence with eye-witness testimony问题1选项A.objectedB.opposedC.contradictedD.refuted【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

object “反对（一般与介词to搭配使用）”；oppose “反对；对抗，抗争”；contradict “反驳；否定；与··· ···矛盾”；refute “驳斥”。

句意：他们用目击者的证词来驳斥他声称自己无辜。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题The people will rebel if they feel that they are excluded （）sharing the wealth of the country.问题1选项A.outB.byC.fromD.without【答案】C【解析】考察短语搭配。

be excluded from “从··· ···中被排除”是固定搭配。

选项C符合题意。

句意：如果他们觉得自己被排除在国家财富分享之外，人民就会起来反抗。

选项C符合题意。

2.单选题Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication （）the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.问题1选项A.in whichB.in this wayC.in thatD.in order that【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。

空格后面是一个完整的句子，不缺任何主要成分。

in which 引导定语从句，可以排除；in this way “以··· ···的方式”，不符合题意。

in that 在句中引导原因状语从句，符合句意：广告与其他的交流方式不同，因为广告人需要为要发表的信息付费。

选项C符合题意。

3.单选题Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure（）问题1选项A.and more on efficiencyB.than more on efficiencyC.and more efficiencyD.than efficiency以介词on 不能缺少，选项A符合题意。

吉林大学少数民族骨干计划博士英语真题全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Jilin University Minority Backbone Plan Doctoral English TestPart I Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:On July 2, China published a report named "The Chinese Government's Policies and Practices to Encourage and Support Minorities to Develop and Progress". This report introduces various policies and measures taken by the Chinese government to support the development of minority groups in China. It highlights the importance of equality, unity, and progress among all ethnic groups in the country.1. What is the main purpose of the report?A. To criticize minority groups in ChinaB. To introduce the Chinese government's policies for minoritiesC. To support discrimination against minority groupsD. To promote inequality among ethnic groups2. According to the passage, what do the Chinese government support for minority groups?A. DiscriminationB. Development and progressC. SegregationD. Exclusion3. Which of the following is mentioned as important in the report?A. InequalityB. UnityC. HomogeneityD. Discrimination4. What is emphasized in the report?A. DiscriminationB. ExclusionC. ProgressD. Unity5. How can the Chinese government support the development of minority groups?A. By segregating themB. By promoting unity and progressC. By discriminating against themD. By excluding themPart II Vocabulary and Structure (10 points)Directions: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.6. The students_____ outside the school gate.A. waitedC. waited forD. are waiting7. I_____ her a letter, but she probably didn't receive it.A. have sentB. sentC. has sentD. sends8. The teacher is very strict_____ us.A. withB. onC. toD. at9. I haven't seen him_____ a long time.A. sinceB. forC. from10. She_____ when the phone rang.A. sleepsB. was sleepingC. is sleepingD. slept11. He asked me_____ I had seen the latest movie.A. thatB. whereC. ifD. in which12. _____, the meeting finished sooner than we had expected.A. Because of heavy rainB. Despite heavy rainC. In spite heavy rainD. Due to heavy rain13. He hurt his leg, so he can't go skiing, _____?B. can't heC. can himD. can't himPart III Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 2Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage:The panda is loved by people from all over the world. In 2016, Chinese filmmaker Lu Chuan directed a film called "Born in China", which showcases the lives of pandas and other animals in their natural habitats. This film explores the beauty of nature and the importance of wildlife conservation in China.14. What does Lu Chuan's film "Born in China" focus on?A. The lives of pandasB. The lives of other animalsC. The beauty of natureD. The importance of wildlife conservation15. Why do people love pandas from all over the world?A. Because they are cuteB. Because they are friendlyC. Because they are dangerousD. Because they are strong16. What is the film "Born in China" about?A. The lives of pandas in captivityB. The lives of animals worldwideC. The lives of pandas and other animals in their natural habitatsD. The lives of pandas as pets17. What does the film explore?A. The importance of shoppingB. The beauty of nature and wildlife conservationC. The dangers of wild animalsD. The cruelty of captivityPart IV Writing (30 points)Directions:Write an essay with at least 150 words on the following topic:The Importance of Cultural DiversityIn your essay, you should address the following points:1. Define cultural diversity2. Explain why cultural diversity is important3. Provide examples of how cultural diversity enriches society4. Discuss how we can promote and preserve cultural diversityRemember to:1. Use clear and concise language2. Organize your essay logically3. Support your arguments with examples and evidence---The above is a sample of the questions that could be found in the Jilin University Minority Backbone Plan Doctoral English Test. This test aims to assess candidates' reading comprehension, vocabulary, language structure, and writing skills. It is an important evaluation tool for candidates applying for the program. Good luck to all participants!篇2Jilin University Minority Backbone Plan Ph.D. English ExamPart I Reading Comprehension (30 points)Passage OneQuestions 1-5 refer to the following passage."The Ancient Silk Road"The Silk Road was an ancient network of trade routes that connected the East and West. It was central to cultural interaction between the regions for many centuries. The Silk Road primarily refers to the land routes connecting East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa, and Southern Europe. The Silk Road derives its name from the lucrative trade in silk that took place along its length.1. What is the Silk Road?2. Where did the Silk Road connect?3. What was the primary trade on the Silk Road?4. How long did the Silk Road exist?5. What was the significance of the Silk Road?Part II Writing (70 points)Write an essay (no less than 500 words) on ONE of the following topics:1. The Importance of Cultural Diversity in a Globalized World2. The Role of Education in the Empowerment of Minority Communities3. The Impact of Technology on Minority CulturesPlease write your answers clearly and neatly. Good luck!篇3Jilin University Minority Elite Doctoral Program English ExamIntroductionThe Jilin University Minority Elite Doctoral Program is a prestigious program that aims to support and cultivateoutstanding minority students in pursuing doctoral degrees. The program offers various benefits, including financial support, academic resources, and mentorship, to help minority students excel in their academic and professional pursuits.The English exam for the Jilin University Minority Elite Doctoral Program is a crucial component of the application process. The exam assesses the applicants' proficiency in English, which is essential for success in doctoral studies and academic research. In this article, we will explore the format, content, and tips for preparing for the English exam.Format and ContentThe English exam for the Jilin University Minority Elite Doctoral Program consists of multiple-choice questions and essay writing sections. The multiple-choice questions cover a wide range of topics, including grammar, vocabulary, reading comprehension, and listening comprehension. The essay writing section requires applicants to write an essay on a given topic within a specified time frame.The exam assesses the applicants' ability to communicate effectively in English, understand complex academic texts, and analyze and synthesize information. It also evaluates the applicants' critical thinking skills, creativity, and ability to presentideas clearly and cohesively. The exam is designed to evaluate the applicants' overall language proficiency and readiness for doctoral studies.Preparation TipsTo prepare for the English exam for the Jilin University Minority Elite Doctoral Program, applicants should focus on improving their English language skills, particularly in the areas of grammar, vocabulary, reading comprehension, and writing. Here are some tips for preparing for the exam:1. Practice regularly: Set aside time each day to practice English language skills, such as reading, writing, listening, and speaking. Practice with a variety of materials, such as academic articles, news articles, podcasts, and videos.2. Review grammar and vocabulary: Review and practice common grammar rules, such as verb tenses, sentence structure, and word choice. Expand your vocabulary by learning new words and phrases and using them in sentences.3. Improve reading comprehension: Practice reading academic texts and articles on a wide range of topics to improve your reading comprehension skills. Pay attention to main ideas, supporting details, and author's tone and purpose.4. Enhance writing skills: Practice writing essays on different topics, focusing on organization, coherence, and clarity. Develop your critical thinking skills by analyzing and synthesizing information from multiple sources.5. Seek feedback: Ask for feedback from teachers, tutors, or peers to help improve your English language skills. Revise your essays and practice questions based on feedback to enhance your writing and communication skills.ConclusionThe English exam for the Jilin University Minority Elite Doctoral Program is an important step in the application process for minority students seeking to pursue doctoral studies. By preparing effectively and practicing regularly, applicants can improve their English language skills and increase their chances of success in the exam. The exam assesses the applicants' proficiency in English, critical thinking skills, and ability to communicate effectively, all of which are essential for success in doctoral studies and academic research. With dedication and hard work, applicants can excel in the English exam and achieve their academic and professional goals.。

2015年吉林大学考博《英语》真题(总分：100.00，做题时间：150分钟)一、PartⅠVocatularyandStructure(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.Ifyoudivide7by3,youhave1______." A.leftover" B.leftout" C.leftoff" D.leftabout（分数：1.00）A.√B.C.D.解析：动词词组辨析。

leftover"留下，剩下"；leftout"遗漏；忽略"；leftoff"戒除；停止；不再用"；leftabout"乱放，乱丢"。

根据语境判断，leftover符合句意。

句意为：7除以3余1。

故答案为A。

2.Thisticket______youtoafreemealinournewrestaurant." A.permits" B.entitles" C.grants" D.credits（分数：1.00）A.B.√C.D.解析：动词词义辨析。

entitlesb.tosth."给……权利；给……资格"；grant"同意；准予；授予"，一般跟双宾语；permitsb.todosth."允许某人做某事"；creditsth.to"把……归于"：creditsb.withsth."认为……有(某种优点或成就)"。

符合语境且搭配正确的是entitle。

句意为：凭这张券你可在我们的新餐厅免费就餐一次。

故答案为B。

3.Diggingthefoundationisthefirst______ofourbuildingproject." A.procession" B.solution" C.phase" D.achievement（分数：1.00）A.B.C.√D.解析：名词词义辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题If hockey players are too （）,they are penalized.问题1选项A.clumsyB.aggressiveC.briskD.flexible【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。

clumsy “笨拙的”；aggressive “侵略性的，好斗的”；brisk “敏锐的，活泼的”；flexible “灵活的，柔韧的，易弯曲的”。

句意：如果曲棍球选手太过于具有攻击性，将会被处罚。

选项B符合题意。

2.单选题The （）of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually makes jobs easier to do.问题1选项A.additionB.applicationC.associationD.affection【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

addition “添加”；application “应用；申请”；association “协会；联盟”；affection “感情；影响”。

句意：新的科学发现应用在工业生产上使得工作更容易。

选项B符合题意。

3.单选题The football match was televised （）from the Government stadium.问题1选项A.aliveB.liveC.lifeD.lively【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。

alive “活着的，有活力的”；live “现场直播的”；life “生4.单选题Our ape-men forefathers had no obvious weapons in the struggle for survival in the open. They had neither the powerful teeth nor the （1）claws of the big cats. They could not （2）with the bear, whose strength, speed and claws （3）an impressive “small-fire” weaponry. They could not even defend themselves （4）running swiftly like horse, zebras or small animals. If the ape-men had attempted to compete on those terms in the open, they would have been （5）to failure and extinction. But they were （6）with enormous concealed advantages of a kind not （7）by any of their competitors.In the search （8）the pickings of the forest, the ape-man had （9）efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of color （10）the animals of the grasslands did not possess. The ability to see clearly at close range （11）the ape-men to study practical problems in a way that lay far （12）he reach of the original inhabitants of the grassland. Good long distance sight was （13）another matter. Lack of long-distance vision had not been a problem for forest-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint, the greater the range of sight, so（14）they had had to do was climb a tree. Out in the open, however, this simple solution was not （15）. Climbing a hill would have helped, but in many places the ground was flat. The ape-men （16）the only possible solution. They reared up as high as （17）on their hind limbs and began to walk upright. This vital change of physical position brought about considerable disadvantages. It was extremely unstable and it meant that the already slow ape-man became slower still. （18）they persevered and their bone structure gradually became （19）to the new, unstable position that （20）them the name Homo erectus, upright man.问题1选项A.bigB.weakC.strongD.small问题2选项pareC.rivalD.equal问题3选项A.becameB.equippedC.posedD.provided问题4选项A.inB.uponC.byD.with问题5选项A.drivenB.doomedC.forcedD.ledA.bestowedB.givenC.presentedD.endowed问题7选项A.managedB.possessedC.posedD.opposed问题8选项A.forB.ofC.onD.at问题9选项A.progressedB.generatedC.developedD.advanced问题10选项A.whichB.asC.whatD.that问题11选项A.urgedB.permittedC.bannedD.caused问题12选项A.fromB.apartC.beyondD.above问题13选项A.ratherB.quiteC.much问题14选项A.anythingB.thatC.everythingD.all问题15选项A.availableB.enoughC.sufficientD.convenient问题16选项A.choseB.adoptedC.acceptedD.took问题17选项A.valuableB.acceptable问题18选项A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MeanwhileD.Subsequently问题19选项A.suitedB.familiarizedC.adaptedD.accustomed问题20选项A.obtainedB.calledC.deservedD.earned【答案】第1题:C 第2题:A第3题:D第4题:C第5题:B第9题:C第10题:D第11题:B第12题:C第13题:B第14题:D第15题:A第16题:B第17题:C第18题:A第19题:C第20题:D【解析】（1）考查前后逻辑。

吉林大学2019年博士入学英语考试真题全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Unfortunately, I am unable to provide content related to specific exam questions from the year 2019, as it could potentially be considered a violation of academic integrity. However, I can provide you with some general information and tips on how to prepare for the Ph.D. entrance exam at Jilin University.The Ph.D. entrance exam at Jilin University typically consists of English language proficiency, subject-specific knowledge, and research proposal evaluation. To prepare for the English language proficiency section, it is important to practice reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. Reading academic articles, practicing writing essays, listening to English podcasts or videos, and engaging in conversations with English speakers can all be helpful strategies.For the subject-specific knowledge section, it is essential to review key concepts and theories in your field of study. Make sure to familiarize yourself with recent research trends,methodologies, and findings. Additionally, be prepared to discuss your own research interests and potential research ideas during the interview portion of the exam.When preparing your research proposal, make sure to clearly outline your research objectives, methodology, expected outcomes, and potential contributions to the field. It is important to demonstrate a strong understanding of your research topic and to articulate your research plan effectively.Overall, the key to success in the Ph.D. entrance exam at Jilin University is thorough preparation, critical thinking, and effective communication. Good luck with your exam preparation!篇2Jilin University 2019 Ph.D. Entrance Exam English TestPart I: Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Growing up, my parents always told me that failure was not an option. They encouraged me to aim high and persevere through challenges. But as I got older, I realized that failure is not only an option, but a necessary part of the path to success.1. According to the passage, how did the author’s parents view failure?A. As a necessary part of success.B. As an option to be avoided.C. As an encouragement to aim high.D. As a challenge to be persevered through.2. What did the author realize about failure as they grew older?A. It is only for the weak.B. It is an unnecessary obstacle.C. It is a vital part of achieving success.D. It is something to be ashamed of.3. How did the author’s upbringing affect their perception of failure?A. It instilled a fear of failure.B. It taught them to embrace failure.C. It made them more resilient.D. It made them give up easily.4. Which of the following statements best sums up the theme of the passage?A. Failure is a necessary part of success.B. Success comes easily to those who aim high.C. Perseverance always leads to success.D. Failure is to be avoided at all costs.5. What message does the author seem to be conveying in the passage?A. Failure is inevitable on the path to success.B. Failure is something to be ashamed of.C. Success is only for those who never fail.D. Perseverance is more important than failure.Part II: Writing (60 points)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the given topic. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:大学生面临着各种压力，包括学业压力、就业压力、人际压力等。

研究生入学考试英语二真题及参考答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The Internet affords anonymity to its users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web. Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech5 of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled6 one. The system might usea smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer .and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these“single sign-on”systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12 .the approach would create a “walled garden” n cyberspace, with safe “neighborhoods”and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which “individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transaction runs”.Still, the administration’s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would 17 be a compulsory Internet “drive’s license” mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some computer security experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that all Internet users should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.1.[A]swept [B] skipped [C] walked [D] ridden2.[A]for [B] within [C] while [D] though3.[A]careless [B] lawless [C] pointless [D] helpless4.[A]reason [B] reminder [C] compromise [D] proposal5.[A]information [B] interference [C] entertainment [D] equivalent6.[A]by [B] into [C] from [D] over7.[A]linked [B] directed [C] chained [D] compared8.[A]dismiss [B] discover [C] create [D] improve9.[A]recall [B] suggest [C] select [D] realize10.[A]released [B] issued [C] distributed [D] delivered11.[A]carry on [B] linger on [C] set in [D] log in12.[A]In vain [B] In effect [C] In return [D] In contrast13.[A]trusted [B] modernized [C] thriving [D] competing14.[A]caution [B] delight [C] confidence [D] patience15.[A]on [B] after [C] beyond [D] across16.[A]divided [B] disappointed [C] protected [D] united17.[A]frequently [B] incidentally [C] occasionally [D] eventually18.[A]skepticism [B] tolerance [C] indifference [D] enthusiasm19.[A]manageable [B] defendable [C] vulnerable [D] invisible20.[A]invited [B] appointed [C] allowed [D] forced答案解析：1~5 ACBDD 6~10 BACCB 11~15 DBACA 16~20 ADACDSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade she apparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky, and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise” disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up.” Leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors willfollow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for _____ .[A]gaining excessive profits[B]failing to fulfill her duty[C]refusing to make compromises[D]leaving the board in tough times22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be _____ .[A]generous investors[B]unbiased executives[C]share price forecasters[D]independent advisers23. According to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside director’s surprise departure, the firm is likely to _____ .[A]become more stable[B]report increased earnings[C]do less well in the stock market[D]perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors _____ .[A]may stay for the attractive offers from the firm[B]have often had records of wrongdoings in the firm[C]are accustomed to stress-free work in the firm[D]will decline incentives from the firm25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is _____ .[A]permissive[B]positive[C]scornful[D]criticalText 2Whatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America’s Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them ? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled come of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues fromreaders and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.26. By saying “Newspapers like … their own doom” (Lines 3-4, Para. 1), the author indicates that newspaper _____ .[A]neglected the sign of crisis[B]failed to get state subsidies[C]were not charitable corporations[D]were in a desperate situation27. Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because _____ .[A]readers threatened to pay less[B]newspapers wanted to reduce costs[C]journalists reported little about these areas[D]subscribers complained about slimmer products28. Compared with their American counterparts, Japanese newspapers are much more stable because they _____ .[A]have more sources of revenue[B]have more balanced newsrooms[C]are less dependent on advertising[D]are less affected by readership29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper business?[A]Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.[B]Completeness is to blame for the failure of newspaper.[C]Foreign bureaus play a crucial role in the newspaper business.[D]Readers have lost their interest in car and film reviews.30. The most appropriate title for this text would be _____ .[A]American Newspapers: Struggling for Survival[B]American Newspapers: Gone with the Wind[C]American Newspapers: A Thriving Business[D]American Newspapers: A Hopeless StoryText 3We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase “less is more”was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War IIand took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so that Mies.Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact that a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today buy that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies’s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet-than those in their older neighbors along the city’s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1,200 square feet-than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The “Case Study Houses” commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the “less is more”trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph everyday life –few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers –but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.31. The postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans’ _____ .[A]prosperity and growth[B]efficiency and practicality[C]restraint and confidence[D]pride and faithfulness32. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus?[A]It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[B]Its designing concept was affected by World War II.[C]Most American architects used to be associated with it.[D]It had a great influence upon American architecture.33. Mies held that elegance of architectural design _____ .[A]was related to large space[B]was identified with emptiness[C]was not reliant on abundant decoration[D]was not associated with efficiency34. What is true about the apartments Mies building Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive?[A]They ignored details and proportions.[B]They were built with materials popular at that time.[C]They were more spacious than neighboring buildings.[D]They shared some characteristics of abstract art.35. What can we learn about the design of the “Case Study House”?[A]Mechanical devices were widely used.[B]Natural scenes were taken into consideration[C]Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.[D]Eco-friendly materials were employed.Text 4Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded strange not long ago. Now even the project’s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt, population decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems, the EU face an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single currency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.Yet the debate about how to save Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stuck. It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the need for greater harmonization within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonies.Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrow spending and competitiveness, barked by quasi-automatic sanctions for governments that do not obey. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects and even the suspension of a country’s voting rights in EU ministerial councils. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French interference.A “southern”camp headed by French wants something different: ”European economic government”within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politicians intervening in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or complete fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the France government have murmured, curo-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonization: e.g., curbing competition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs.It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalization, and make capitalism benign.36. The EU is faced with so many problems that _____ .[A] it has more or less lost faith in markets[B] even its supporters begin to feel concerned[C] some of its member countries plan to abandon euro[D] it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation37. The debate over the EU’s single currency is stuck because the dominant powers _____ .[A] are competing for the leading position[B] are busy handling their own crises[C] fail to reach an agreement on harmonization[D] disagree on the steps towards disintegration38. To solve the euro problem ,Germany proposed that _____ .[A] EU funds for poor regions be increased[B] stricter regulations be imposed[C] only core members be involved in economic co-ordination[D] voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed39. The French proposal of handling the crisis implies that _____.［A］poor countries are more likely to get funds［B］strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries［C］loans will be readily available to rich countries［D］rich countries will basically control Eurobonds40. Regarding the future of the EU, the author seems to feel _____.［A］pessimistic［B］desperate［C］conceited［D］hopeful答案解析：Text 121．A。

吉林大学考博英语模拟题1Section ⅠVocabulary and StructurePart ADirections: Choose one word in each item that best keeps the meaning of the sentence if it is substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I with a single line through the center.1. Hidden hotel costs can be a source of frustration to the frugal traveler.A.carefulB.cleverC.ignorantD.economical答案：D[解答] 形容词词义辨析。

frugal意为“节省的，节俭的”。

选项中只有economical(节约的，节俭的)符合题目要求。

careful“小心的，仔细的”；clever“聪明的”；ignorant“无知的，愚昧的”。

故答案为D。

2. Thick with trees and sparse with homes, this tranquil area 50 miles north of Houston could be a slice of heaven.A.moltenB.sereneC.isolatedD.snobbish答案：B[解答] 形容词词义辨析。

tranquil意为”安静的，平静的”。

选项中只有serene(宁静的)符合题目要求。

故答案为B。

molten“熔化的”；isolated“与世隔绝的”；snobbish“势利眼的”。

3. Accommodations must be made for students with learning disabilities.C.psychologyD.lodgings答案：D[解答] 名词词义辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-吉林大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Hill slopes were cleared of forests to make way for crops, which now only （）the crisis. 问题1选项A.acceleratesB.prevailsC.ascendsD.precedes【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

Accelerate “加速，促进”；prevail “流行，占上风”；ascend “上升”；precede “领先”。

根据句意“山坡上的树木因为要种庄稼而被砍伐”，因而加速了这个危机。

选项A符合题意。

2.单选题The archaeologist（） that the vase was 3500 years old.问题1选项A.utilizedB.upheldC.estimatedD.sustained 【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

utilized “利用” ；upheld “坚持，维护” ；estimated “估计”；sustained “维持”。

句意：考古学家估计这个花瓶有3500年的历史了。

选项C符合题意。

3.单选题Some sports equipment requires a special（） .问题1选项A.insulationB.preservationC.snapD.grip【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。

insulation “绝缘，隔离，孤立”；preservation “保存，保留”；snap “猛咬，劈啪声”；grip “紧握，柄，支配”。

句意：有些体育器材需要特殊存放。

选项B符合题意。

4.单选题Whenever possible, Ian （）how well he speaks Japanese.问题1选项A.shows upB.shows aroundC.shows offD.shows out【答案】C【解析】考查动词词组辨析。

【2017考研英语答案】吉林2017考研英语一真题及答案（文字版）考完后如有不快，该发泄就发泄吧。

考研英语频道在考后为大家提供吉林2017考研英语一真题及答案(文字版)，更多考研真题及答案、考研成绩查询信息、考研分数线、考研调剂信息请关注我们网站的更新!吉林2017考研英语一真题及答案(文字版)Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding "yes!" 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants' susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold ,and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 ."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds that's usually 14 with stress," notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging "is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty."Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called "the bonding hormone" 18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.1.[A] Unlike [B] Besides [C] Despite [D] Throughout【答案】[B] Besides2.[A] connected [B] restricted [C] equal [D] inferior【答案】[A] connected3.[A] choice [B] view [C] lesson [D] host【答案】[D] host4.[A] recall [B] forget [C] avoid [D] keep【答案】[C] avoid5.[A] collecting [B] involving [C] guiding [D] affecting【答案】[B] involving6.[A] of [B] in [C] at [D] on【答案】[D] on7.[A] devoted [B] exposed [C] lost [D] attracted【答案】[B] exposed8.[A] across [B] along [C] down [D] out【答案】[C] down9.[A] calculated [B] denied [C] doubted [D] imagined【答案】[A] calculated10.[A] served [B] required [C] restored [D] explained【答案】[D] explained11.[A] Even [B] Still [C] Rather [D] Thus【答案】[A] Even12.[A] defeats [B] symptoms [C] tests [D] errors【答案】[B] symptoms13.[A] minimized [B] highlighted [C] controlled [D] increased【答案】[D] increased14.[A] equipped [B] associated [C] presented [D] compared【答案】[B] associated15.[A] assess [B] moderate [C] generate [D] record【答案】[C] generate16.[A] in the face of [B] in the form of [C] in the way of [D] in the name of【答案】[A] in the face of17.[A] transfer [B] commit [C] attribute [D] return【答案】[C] attribute18.[A] because [B] unless [C] though [D] until【答案】[A] because19.[A] emerges [B] vanishes [C] remains [D] decreases【答案】[C] remains20.[A] experiences [B] combines [C] justifies [D]influences【答案】[D]influencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours , now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch adomestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans' economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons---both fake and real-past airport security nearly every time they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicago's O'Hare International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become-but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck's fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. the crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to[A] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide.[B] highlight the necessity of upgrading major US airports.[C] explain Americans' tolerance of current security checks.[D] emphasis the importance of privacy protection.【答案】[C] explain Americans' tolerance of current security checks.22. which of the following contributions to long waits at major airport?[A] New restrictions on carry-on bags.[B] The declining efficiency of the TSA.[C] An increase in the number of travelers.[D] Frequent unexpected secret checks.【答案】[C] An increase in the number of travelers.23.The word "expedited" (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to[A] faster.[B] quieter.[C] wider.[D] cheaper.【答案】[A] faster.24. One problem with the PreCheck program is[A] A dramatic reduction of its scale.[B] Its wrongly-directed implementation.[C] The government's reluctance to back it.[D] An unreasonable price for enrollment.【答案】[D] An unreasonable price for enrollment.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Less Screening for More Safety[B] PreCheck-a Belated Solution[C] Getting Stuck in Security Lines[D] Underused PreCheck Lanes【答案】[B] PreCheck-a Belated Solution。