高英课后习题

自考高级英语课后习题及答案上下全.docLesson one Rock Superstars: What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society ?ExercisesA.Answer the following questions on the text:1.what is the function of the two quotations ? Are they appropriate ?2.What does the author attempt to illustrate with the three examples at the beginning of the article?3.According to Irving Horowitz , what is the sociological significance of rock music ?4.In what sense did Elvis Presley prove what Horowitz and Rundgren believed ?5.How did Bob Dylan , the Beatles , and the Rolling Stones differ from each other politically ?6.What other major subjects did rock music deal with apart from politics ?7.What rewards did rock superstars get ?8.Has the author given a complete answer to question he raises in the title? Why do you think the author ends the article the way he does ?Key A1.The author uses the two quotations to introduce his ideas . Yes , they are .2.The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstars very much , but the adults find they are sick , The examples show that young people and adults have a totally different attitudes towards rock music .3.Rock music can express its times . He sees it as a debatingforum where American society struggles to define and redefine its feeling and beliefs .4.When he appeared on the Ed . Sullivan Sunday night variety show , a debate took place . The old people frowned while the young viewers applauded.5.Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety . The Rolling Stones demanded revolution .6.Apart from politics , the rock music dealt with feelings and emotions.7.The rock superstars got applause , praise and money .8.No , he hasn’t . He want s to leave the question to the re aders and let them think .B Translate the following into Chinese :1.“Jagger,” he said , “grabs a half –gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform , sprinkling its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners .2.How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ?3.Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies ?4.Some sociologists say that your answers to them could explain a lot about what you are thinking and about what your society is thinking –in other words , where you and your society are .5.It’s just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the1950s .6.Feelings always a part of any musical statement were a major subject .7.This country element , Horowitz feels , helped its audience express an urge to “get away from it all , “ to “go back to theold days .”8.In one 1972 national opinion poll , more than 10 percent of the high school boys and 20 percent of the girls said their hero was a rock superstar.KeyBKeyB1他描述道:”贾格尔拿着半加仑水, 顺着舞台前沿,边跑边把水洒向前排汗流浃背的歌迷身上.”2. 你如何看待这种赞美和英雄崇拜?3. 还是由于他把你狂热的幻想用行动表现出来,你神不知鬼不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑所吸引?4. 一些社会学家认为你对这些问题的回答,很能说明你在想什么,社会在想什么..换句话说, 可以说明你和社会的态度.5. 只不过艾尔维斯的演唱表现了50年代青少年那种沮丧的精神状态.6. 感情总是任何音乐表达的必要成分,也是一个重要议题.7. 霍罗威茨认为这种结合表达了听众欲”摆脱现实一切”/”重归昔日”的强烈愿望.9.在1972年的一次全国民意测验中, 10%以上的高中男生,20%的女生表示他们心目中的英雄是超摇滚歌星.C.Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below,changing its form when necessary :Sprinkle swelter in other words lazy rather than reject act out idle worship reverence drive embody9.His paintings embody the spirit of the modern era .10.How do you act out your frustrations , by throwing glasses or something ?11.The peddler sprinkled some water over his vegetables to make them fresher and heavier.12.In such heated air ,the sweltering students could hardly keep their minds on their lessons .13.That’s idle gossip . Don’t listen to it .14.She sent in her application for the job , but was rejected as unqualified .15.The salesman considered it safe to go along with the boss rather than to contradict him .8. Everybody should have a sincere reverence /worship for the laws of his country .D.Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences :1.The whole nation watched the two candidates (arguing , debating ) the issue of raising taxes on TV .2.It was a (proud , arrogant ) moment for my cousin when she shook hands with the President .3.Even if you (mix , blend ) oil and water , they will not (mix , blend ).4.Some people watch television so much that they cannot (conceive , imagine ) of living without it .。

Unit1Paraphrase1.Our house is 23 feet above sea level.2.The house was built in1915, and since then no hurricane has done any damage to it.3.We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.4.Water got into the generator, it stopped working。

As a result all lights were put out。

5.Everyone go out through the back door and get into the cars！6.The electrical systems in the cars had been destroyed/ruined by water.7.As john watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the family by making the wrong decision not to flee inland。

8.Oh，God, please help us to get through this dangerous situation。

9.She sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped。

10.Janis didn’t show any fear on the spot during the storm, but she revealed her feelings caused by the storm a few nights after the hurricane by getting up in the middle of the night and crying softly。

Unit11.An inblance between the rich and poor is the oldest and most fatal ailment of republics贫富不均乃共和政体最致命的宿疾2.Their poverty is a temporary misfortune,if they are poor and meek,they eventually will inherit the earth他们的贫穷只是一种暂时性的不幸，如果他们贫穷但却温顺，他们最终将成为世界的主人3.Couples in love should repair to R H Macy‟s not their bedroom热恋的夫妇应该在梅西百货商店过夜，而不是他们的新房4.The American beauty rose can be produced in the splendor and fragrance which bring cheer to its beholder only by sacrificing the early buds which grow up around it.and so is in economic life.It‟s merely the working out of the a law of the nature and a law of god美国这朵玫瑰花以其华贵与芳香让观众倾倒，赞不绝口，而她之所以能被培植就是因为在早期其周围的花蕾被插掉了，在经济生活中情况亦是如此。

这是自然规律和上帝的意志在起作用5.(it has become) an economically not unrewarding enterprise. （它已成为）经济上收入不菲的行业6.There is~~no form of oppression that is quiet so great,no constriction on thought and effort quiet so comprehensive,as that which come from having no money at all没有哪种压迫比身无分文更厉害，也没有哪种对思想和行为的束缚比一无所有来得更全面彻底7.Freedom we rightly cherish,cherishing it,we should not use it as a cover for denying freedom to those in need 我们珍惜自由式对的。

confuse、puzzle、perplex、bewilder用法辨析confuse “混淆”、“被搞糊涂”，指在思想上、内容上被搞糊涂、搞迷糊。

名词为confusion. 动词短语mix up 也含confuse 的意思。

1) The police arrested the wrong man mainly because they confused the namesthey had been given by the witness.警察逮错了人，主要原因是他们混淆了证人提供给他们的名字。

2) Words with similar meaning and similar forms are liable to be confused.意义相似的字和形式相似的字容易混淆。

3）Don' t confuse Austria with Australia.不要把Austria（奥地利）跟Australia（澳大利亚）弄混淆了。

4）The closeness of the twin brother often confuse their friends.这对双胞胎兄弟极相似，使他们的朋友们常分不清谁是谁。

5）They asked so many questions that I got confused.他们问了我很多问题，把我都给弄糊涂了。

6）He made a complete confusion between the meaning of “pleasure” and“happiness”.他把“pleasure”与“happiness”这两个词的意思完全混淆了。

7）This originates in confusion between the two domains of law and morality.这种逻辑混乱源自法律与道德这两个领域的混淆。

8）I always mix up these two words. 我总是把这两个词混淆起来。

高英（课后练习参考答案）中东集市练习参考答案Reference Keys to ExercisesNoun converted into VerbThis is the most common way of conversion. The famous grammarian Quaker classifies the meaning of conversion noun into verb into seven types:a. to put in / on Noun (vessel)E.g. bottle ―to bottle = to put ... into a bottle;E.g. can ―to can = to put ... into a canE.g. pocket ―to pocket = to put ... into a pocketb. to give Noun / to provide ... with NounE.g. shelter ―to shelter = to give shelter to sbE.g. fuel ―to fuel = to provide ... with fuelc. to deprive of NounE.g. core ―to core the Chinese dates = to remove the core from ... [CF: to pit]E.g. skin ―to skin a banana = to remove the skin from ... [CF: to peel]E.g. juice ―to juice = to squeeze the juice from ... [CF: to extract] d. to do ... with Noun (tool, apparatus)E.g. finger ―to finger = to feel or handle ... with a fingerE.g. eye ―to eye = to gaze at ... with eyeE.g. hammer ―to hammer = to strike ... with a hammere. to be / act as Noun (reference)E.g. nurse ―to nurse = to take care of sick people as a nurseE.g. wolf ―to wolf = to eat like a wolff. to change / make ... into Noun (result)E.g. cash ―to cash = to change ... into cashE.g. w idow ―to widow = to make ... a widowg. to send / go by Noun (transport means)E.g. bicycle ―to bicycle = to go by bicycle;E.g. ship ―to ship = to send ... by ship1.Adjective converted into VerbThis kind of conversion usually expresses a change of state, condition. To make / become AdjectiveE.g. better ―to better = to improve ... to make ... betterE.g. calm ―to calm = to make ... calm; E.g. dry = to make ... dry; tobecome dry2. A few adverbs and prepositions converted into VerbsE.g. near ―to near the shore = to move near ... E.g. back ―to back a carE.g. down ―to down your knife = to put ... downEX. VII Comparison between Synonyms1.glare = the light is too bright and thus causes unpleasantE.g. I have to wear sunglasses because of the glare of summer sun. E.g. We could see nothing, for the glare of the coming car’s lights were too strong.CF:brightness= from “bright”, a common word2.din = continuous confused noise which annoys people.CF: noise = a loud, unpleasant sound, sound = something you can hear3.muted = lowered sound or noise, muffledE.g. People there spoke in muted voices.CF: quiet = to imply freedom from activity or disturbance and thus peaceful and sereneE.g. You must be quiet when your father is asleep.E.g. They were walking along a quiet street. (Implying a senseof permanence)silent = being free from speech or being without noiseE.g. The class was silent as the teacher explained the exam rules.E.g. Now the wood was silent except for the leaves.4.display = suggesting a painfully obvious exposure or a boasting oneE.g. Martin displayed his drunkenness openly in the street last night. E.g. Surfboard riders were proudly displaying their tanned physiques. exhibit = to be shown for consideration or evaluationE.g. They are exhibiting their new model cars.5.distinct = be easy to be tell from othersE.g. His handwriting is not distinct, so we can not read it at all well. E.g. The sound of a drum was distinct even from a distance.clear = apparent, unambiguous,E.g. China’s stand on this issue is clear to all.E.g. He put forth a clear, straightforward proposal.6.huge = being immenseness of bulk, more specific than largeE.g. A whale or an elephant is a huge animal.E.g. Do you realize how huge the museums are?7.varied = to stress the idea of full of change; to have numerous formsor typesE.g. Different people have the most varied ideas about what is important in life; some value fame, others money or freedom.E.g. Interpretations of this poem are varied.8.exotic = not only unusual but also pleasing to the senses9.sunlit = the brightness as a result of sunshine10. massive = not only large but also impressiveE.g. Several strong men are needed to remove the massive rock in the way.11. constantly = to stress steadiness and devotionE.g. She constantly devotes her energy and time to helping others.endlessly = to imply weariness and monotonyE.g. He talked endlessly and made all of us tired of.E.g. Why are you always saying it endlessly?12. used = no longer new, have been usedE.g. He has bought a used car.E.g. Please put the used towels in this basket.Ex. VIII Replace the italicized words with simple, everyday words: 1.purchaser --- buyers, 2. pungent --- strong or sharp,3. sepulchral --- gloomy,4. protesting --- insisting,5. impinge --- strike,6. profusion --- abundance or plenty7. sumptuous --- costly,8. merchandise ---- goods9. blending --- mixingEx. X Translation1.一条蜿蜒的小路隐没在树荫深处。

1.每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。

（check out）Each and every airplane must be checked out thoroughly before taking off.2. 居民坚决反对在附近建立垃圾焚烧因为他们担心工厂排放的气体会污染周围的空气The residents were firmly against the construction of a waste incineration plant in their neighborhood because they were deeply concerned about the air pollution emitted by the plant.3. 在这个地区，生态工程的投资额高达数十亿。

（mount to ）In this area, investment in ecological projects mounted up to billions of yuan.4. 干枯的河道里布满了大大小小的石块。

The dry riverbed was strewn with rocks of all sizes.5. 虽然战争给这个国家造成巨大的损失，但当地的文化传统并没有亡。

Although war caused great losses to this country, its local cultural traditions did not perish.6. 为了建筑现代化的高楼大厦，许多古老的、具有民族特色的建筑都被拆毁了。

（demolish）To make space for modern high rises, a lot of ancient buildings with ethnic cultural features had to be demoli shed.7. 在地震中多数质量差的房子的主体结构都散架了。

全国高等教育自学考试指定教材英语专业（本科段）课程代码0600（2000版）主编：王家湘高级英语课后答案Lesson One Rock Superstars:What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society?A1. 1) The author uses the two quotations to introduce the discussion and express his ideas aboutrock music and young culture heroes. 2) Yes, they are.2. The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstarsvery much, but the adults find these rock superstars are sick. These examples are used to show that young people and adults have totally different attitudes towards rock music.3. Irving Horowitz believes that rock music can express its time. He sees it as a debating forumwhere American society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs.4. When he appeared on the Ed. Sullivan Sunday night variety show in front of millions, a kind of“debate”took place. Most of the old people frowned while most of the young viewers applauded.5. Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety. The RollingStones demanded revolution.6. Apart from politics, the rock music dealt with a range of feelings and emotions.7. The rock superstars got applause, praise and money.8. No, he hasn’t. It is impossible for the author to give a complete answer in a short article. Heends his article with questions because he wants to leave the question to the readers and let them think.B1.他描述道：“贾格尔抓起半加仑水，沿着前台跑，边跑边把水洒向前几排酷热难耐的歌迷身上……”2. 你对这种赞美和英雄崇拜是怎样看的？3. 或者是由于他把你狂热的幻想表演出来了，你就不知不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑吸引？4. 一些社会学家认为，你对这些问题的回答，可以说明你在想什么，社会在想什么。

高级英语课后习题答案Lesson 1 课后习题答案A1. The purpose is to support the author’s main idea that American youngsters see rock stars as their heroes because rock music reflects their spirit of rebellion.Yes, they are appropriate.2. Rock music is accepted by many people, especially the young.3. According to Irving Horowitz, the sociological significance of rock music is that it helps American society to define and redefine its beliefs and feelings.4. Elvis Presley to express the frustrated spirit of the youth in the 1950s, so he was bitterly attacked by newspapers and banned by TV networks , That proved what Horowitz and Rundgren believed was true.5. They differed from each other politically in that Bob Dylan touched the feeling of disaffection, the Beatles sang of peace and piety , and theRolling Stones demanded revolution .6. Feelings and attitudes.7. They got money as well as applause and praise.8. No , he hasn’t given a complete answer to the question he raised in the title. He wants to set readers thinking and drawing a conclusion by themselves.B.1.他描述道：―贾格尔抓起一个装有半加仑水的罐子沿舞台前沿跑，边跑边把里面的水洒向前几排大汗淋漓的观众。

. Give brief answers to the following questions, using your own words as much as possible:1) Why was it considered a joke when the President said "I've never heard 'My Country' Tis of Thee' played better”?2) Why did Henry think he went from peace to war when he passed from the Augusta to the Prince of Wales?3) Why was Pug sent over to the Prince of Wales?4) What was Hopkins' estimate of the situation on the Eastern front? What did the Soviet Union need most? What was Hopkins' stand on the problem of assistance to the Soviet Union?5) On the problem of aid to Russia, did Churchill and Roosevelt see eye to eye? In what way did their opinions differ?6) Who was after all Number One Man, according to the author?7) What problems came up after Henry and other planners got down to work? What came first? Why did the planners give top priority to this plan?8) What was Britain’ s immediate need? Why did the author consider this need pathetic?9) Why did Burne-Wilke invite Henry into his cabins What was the request from the British? How was the request put to Henry? What do you think of the way the request was put forward?10) On the last day of the conference, Admiral King called Henry in. He informed him of three important things. Say what they were.11) What was the atmosphere on board the Prince of Wales when it left Argentia Bay? Why?12) When Churchill inquired about Henry’ s bomber ride over Berlin, what was the answer? Did Henry accept Churchill's invitation for further flights? Why?13) Did Henry fully enjoy the film?14) For the American guest, it was a bad half hour. Why was it a bad half hour for Henry?15) Why did the part about free trade and independence for all peoples mean the end of the British Empire?16) What was the reaction to Attlee's broadcast? What were some of the questions put to victor Henry? What was his explanation?II . Paraphrase:1) King's spick-and-span flagship belonged to a different world than the storm-whipped British vessel2) droves of blue jackets were doing an animated scrub-down 3) Hopkins had travelled to London and Moscow in a blaze of worldwide attention.4) He's having the time of his life, sir.5) The Russians will hold. But it'll be a near thing.6) Hopkins held out one wasted hand and ticked off the points on skeletal fingers.7) But it softens the ground for the second demand8) Their empire is mighty rickety at this point.9) They'll also try, subtly but hard, for an understanding that in getting American aid they come ahead of Russia.10) They prolonged the clasp for the photographers, exchanging smiling words.11) By a shade of a shade, Roosevelt looked like Number One.12) The erect front-page President became the cripple more familiar to Pug13) Through all the talk of grand hypothetical plans" one pathetic item kept recurring14) If Russia collapsed, Hitler might try to wrap up the war with a Crete-like invasion of England from the air.15) Rather sporting of the British Prime Minister, don't you think, to give the Hun a fair shot at him on the open sea.16) But it might be prudent not to overwork those good angels, what?17) We're stretched thin for escorts.18) Admiral Pound would be happier with six.19) Victor Henry could sense the subtle gloom hanging over the ship.20) The predicament of England seemed soaked in their bones.21) But vague hope, rather than real confidence, was the note in their conversation.22) There is an awful unfolding picture.23) We may have some sport for you yet.24) A gay but inconsequent entertainment25) For the American guest, it was a bad half hour.26) The high-flown language bespoke not a shred of increased American commitment.27) Abuse of Nazi tyranny, yes; more combat help for the British, flat zero.28) I'd venture there was more to it than that.29) Pug saw no virtue in equivocating.30) Lend-Lease is no sweat, it just means more jobs and money for everybody.III. Translate the following into Chinese:1) The staffs got right to business and conferred all day. Victor Henry worked with the planners, on the level below the chiefs of staff and their deputies where Burne-Wilke operated, and of course far below the summit of the President, the Prime Minister, and their advisers. Familiar problems came up at once: excessive and contradictory requests from the British services, unreal plans, unfilled contracts, jumbled priorities, fouled communications. One cardinal point the planners hammered out fast. Building new ships to replace U-boat sinkings came first. No war materiel could be used against Hitler until it had crossed the ocean. This plain truth, so simple once agreed on, ran a red line across every request, every program, every projection. Steel, aluminum, rubber, valves, motors, machine tools, copper wire, all the thousand things of war, would go first to ships. This simple yardstick rapidly disclosed the poverty of the "arsenal of democracy”, and dictated – as a matter of frightening urgency -- a gigantic job of building new steel mills, and plants to turn the steel into combat machines and tools.2) Clement Attlee's broadcast the next day packed the wardroom. Every officer not on watch, and all staff officers and war planners, gathered in the wardroom around one singularly ancient, crack-voiced radio. The battleship, plowing through a wild storm, rolled and pitched with slow long groans. For the American guest, it was a bad half hour. He saw perplexed looks, lengthening faces, and headshakes, as Attlee read off the "Atlantic Charter". The high flown language bespoke not a shred of increased American commitment. Abuse of Nazi tyranny, praise of "four-freedoms", dedication to a future of world peace and brotherhood, yes; more combat help for the British, flat zero. Some sentences about free trade and independence for all people meant the end of the British Empire, if they meant anything.IV. Group together all the navy terms that appear in the text.V. Give corresponding landsmen's terms for the following sea terms:deck starboardbulkhead galleystem (of a vessel) wardroomstern (of a vessel) bunkport (as in "port 45")VI. Give the British spelling of the following words:1) aluminum 2) armored 3) color4) favored 5) gray 6) plow7) program 8) meter 9) labor10) maneuverVII. Explain how the meaning of the sentences is affected when the italicized words are replaced by the words in brackets. Pay attention to the shades of meaning of the words.1) Haze and mist blended all into gray (fog)2) Sailors and officers went about their chores (tasks)3) As it steamed past the Augusta, a brass band on its deck shattered the hush with "The Star-Spangled Banner." (symphony orchestra)4) Admiral King beckoned to Pug. (called)5) In an odd way the two leaders diminished each other. ( belittled)6) The erect front-page President became the cripple more familiar to Pug, hobbling a step or two ( staggering, tottering)7) laboriously hitching one leg forward from the hip, then the other. (moving)8) One then another, sneaked cameras from their blouses. (shirts)9) and they both sipped wine. (drank)10) "Let me .start on this now, sir. "(start)11) Hopkins, squinting out at the sunny water, wore a pained expression. (painful)12) Franklin Roosevelt listened..., saying nothing, and applauding heartily with the rest. (happily)13) Upon returning from Iceland you will be detached from War Plans to prepare yourself (dismissed)14) Red secrecy warnings blazed in the steel door that Tillet opened. (secret)15) "A gay but inconsequent entertainment," the Prime Minister remarked in a heavy, rheumy voice, as he plodded out (commented) (strolled)VII. Choose the right word in brackets for each blank. Makechanges where necessary.1) After dusk, the Black slaves ____home from the cotton plantation. (totter, plod, walk, stroll, hobble)2) They _____forty miles in search of work. (totter, plod, walk, stroll, hobble)3) The cripple _____along the hospital corridor. (totter, plod, walk, stroll, hobble)4) The little baby _____several steps on the floor without losing his balance. (totter, plod, walk, stroll, hobble)5) In the park, couples_____ by lazily. (totter, plod, walk, stroll, hobble)6) The income of the peasants____ rapidly while the 'Gangof Four' was in power. ( reduce,diminish, minimize, dwindle, belittle)7) The city was _____to rubbles. ( reduce, diminish, minimize, dwindle, belittle)8) They did their best to ___the significance of their enemy' s victory. ( reduce, minimize, dwindle, decrease, belittle)9) His fortune ______away to nothing. (reduce, diminish, minimize, dwindle, belittle)10) The local authorities tried to ____the accident. (reduce, diminish, minimize, dwindle, belittle)11) I _____the tremor of the earthquake last night. (sense, feel, be aware of, be conscious of)12) He fully ____the fact. ( sense, feel, be aware of, be conscious of)13) We ______the responsibility placed on us. (sense, feel, be aware of, be conscious of)14) She_____ that her stay was not welcomed by the hostess. (sense, feel, be aware of, be conscious of)15) They _____around the stove for warmth. ( muster, swarm, cluster, round up)16) When the bell rang, the students ____into the lecture hall. (muster, swarm, cluster, round up)17) Seeing a storm was coming, the shepherd____ his sheep and drove them home. ( muster, swarm, cluster, round up)18) He _____all his courage. ( muster, swarm, cluster, round up)IX. Explain the meaning of the following metaphors in plain, nonfigurative language:1) Passing from the Augusta to the Prince of Wales in King's barge,... Victor Henry went from America to England and from peace to war.2) On the superstructure raw steel patches were welded here and there -- sticking plaster for the wounds from the Bismark 's salvos.3) "Hitler's bitten off a big bite this time."4) This is the changing of the guard.5) This plain truth... ran a red line a cross every request6) This simple yardstick rapidly disclosed the poverty of the "arsenal of democracy"7) "You're dry as a bone in your service, aren't you?"8) "The President is the source of all Navy regulations, sir, and can tailor them to his desires. "9) Blockade,... would in time weaken the grip of Nazi claws on Europe.10) The predicament of England seemed soaked in their bones.11) "They vote their political hunches to protect their political hides."12) "The war's a ball game they can watch. You're the home team, because you talk our language."X. Rewrite the following sentences without using transferred epithet: Model: He threw a reassuring arm round my shoulder. – He threw his arm round my shoulder reassuringly.1) Gray peace pervaded the wilderness-ringed Argentia Bay in Newfoundland.2) droves of blue jackets were doing an animated scrub-down.3) They prolonged the clasp for the photographer, exchanging smiling words.4) Pug observed that not one of them was shooting this crippled walk.5) The sailors swarmed into a laughing, cheering ring around the two men.6) Franklin Roosevelt listened with bright-eyed smiling attention.XI. Translate the following into Chinese:1) He has lost his pen, and a new one at that.2) Traffic is building up along the main roads.3) Don't build me up too much. I may disappoint you.4) He has built up a good reputation.5) The glance is invitation enough.6) The end of 1977 found them with their lowest net income in the past five years.7) The coming of spring 1942 saw almost no change in Germany's military situation.8) He wrapped up his meaning in obscure language.9) The whole deal was wrapped up after three weeks of intensive negotiations.10) The doctor is deeply wrapped up in his work.11) I want my martini dry.12) During the Prohibition period some cities in the U. S. went dry.13) She prefers dry bread.14) The poet wanted to experience the whole gamut of feeling, from greatest joy to deepest misery.15) That country is not yet a full-fledged member of this international body.16) He only has a smattering of French.17) Don't make sport of him.18) Forget about it. I said that in sport.19) The car was spinning along the highway.20) They had to economize in order to make their money spin out until next pay-day.XII. Translate the following into English (using the following words or expressions: to strike up, to strike... as, shade, in sight to press for, by the thousands, summit, only to..., hence, there is more to... than):1）我们相信胜利在望。

Lesson 21.Serious-Iooking men were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemed not to pay any attention to the crowds about them.2.At last the taxi trip came to an end and I suddenly discovered that I was in front of the gigantic City Hall.3.The rather striking picture of traditional floating houses among high, modern buildings represents the constant struggle between traditional Japanese culture and the new, Western style.4.I suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks.5.The few Americans and Germans also seemed to feel restrained like me.6. After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual in greeting and to show gratitude.7. I was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meant. His words shocked me out of my sad dreamy thinking.8....and nurses walked by carrying surgical instruments which were nickel plated and even healthy visitors when they see those instruments could not help shivering.9. I have the chance to raise my moral standard because of the illness. Lesson 41."Don't worry, young man, we'll do a few things to outwit the prosecution."2. I was suddenly engulfed by the whole affair.3. I was the last one to expect that my case would develop into one of themost famous trials in American history.4."This is a completely inappropriate jury, too ignorant and partial."5.T oday the teachers are put on trial because they teach saentific theory;soon the newspapers and magazines will not be allowed to express new ideas, to spread knowledge of science.6."It is doubtful whether man has reasoning power," said Darrowsarcastically, scornfully.7. ...accusedBryan of demanding that a life or death struggle be foughtbetween science and religion.8. People paid in order to have a look at the ape ancl to consider carefullywhether apes and humans could have a common ancestry.9.Darrow surprised everyrone by asking for Bryan as a witness for Scopes which was a brilliant idea.10. Darrow had gotten thebest of Bryan, who looked helplessly lost and pitiable as everyone ignored him and rushed past him to congratulate Darrow.When I saw this,l felt sorry for Bryan.Lesson 51. This dreadful scene makes all humanendeavors to advance and improve theirlotappear as a ghastly,saddening joke.2.The country itself is pleasantto Iook at,despite the sooty dirt spread by the innumerable mills in this region.3. The model they followed in building their house was a brick standing upright.4.These brick-like houses were made of shabby,thin wooden borads and their roof were narrow and had little slope.5.When the brick is covered with the black soot of'themills it takes on thecolor of a rotten egg.6. Red brick,even in a steel town,looks quite respectable with the passingof time.7.I have given Westmoreland thehighest award for uglinesss after havingdonea lot of hard work and research and after continuous praying.8. They show such fantastic and bizarre uglinessthat, in looking back,they become almost fiendish and wicked. -.9. It is hard to believe that people built such horrible houses just because they did not know what beautiful houses were like.10. People in certain strata of American society seem definitely to hungerafter ugly things; while in other less Christian strata, people seem to long for things beautiful.11. These ugly designs,in some way that people cannot understand, satisfy the hidden and unintelligible demands of this type of mind.12. The place where this psychological attitude is found is the UnitedStates. Lesson 61.Mark Twain is known to most Americansas the author ofThe Adventures of T om Sawyer andThe Adventure of Huckleberry Finn. Huck Finn is noted for his simple and pleasant journey through his boyhood which seems eternal and T om Sawyer is famous for his free roam of the country and his adventure in one summerwhich seems never to end. The youth and summer are eternal because this is the only age and time we knew them. They are frozen in that age/season for all readers.2.His work on the boat made it possible for him to meet a large variety of people.lt is a world of a types of characters.3. All would reappearin his books, written in the colorful language that he seemed to be able to remember and record as accurately as a phonograph.4. Steamboat decks were filled with people who explored and prepared the way for others and also lawless people or social outcasts such as hustlers, gamblers and thugs.5. He took a horse-drawn public vehicle and went west to Nevada,followingthe flow of people in the gold rush.6.Mark Twain began to work hard as a newspaper reporter and humoristto become wellknown locally.7. Those who came pioneering out west were energetic, courageous andreckless people,because those who stayed at home were the slow,dull and lazy people.8. That's typicalof California.9. If we relaxed, rested or stayed away from all thisstruggle for the success occasionally and kept thedaring and enterprising spirit, wewould be able to remainstrong and healthy andcontinue to produce great thinkers.10.At the end of his life, he lost the last bit of his positiveviewof man and the world.Lesson 91. After heated debate and compromises, theConstitution was finallyadopted by the Constitutional Convention and39 out of 55 delegatessigned the document. But the "three-fifths"clause and the twenty years allowed for the slave trade showed the slave issue was not solved,so the process of forming a more perfect union didnotentwith the enforcementof the Constitution.2. My personal background and my success story, rising fromrags to riches,also teaches me the importance of unity.3.I amdeeply ingrained, through my experience in the United States, withthe idea that Amenica is not a total of adding everything together but isthe product offusion,of sharing the same creed.4. In spite of all announcements that Americawas not ready for a black president, that I would fall in the campaign, we gained momentum in the first year of the campaign, which showed that the American people demanded unity and change.5.People were encouraged tojudgeme from the perspective of a black candidate, raising the question of whether the United State would fare better with a black president. However, we won great victories even in some of the more conservative states, states with stronger racial bias.6. The week before theDemocrats were to select their delegates to the national convention in South Carolina, attacks on me, on blacks became more frequent, more intense.7. At one end of the entire range of opinion, there are people who say that I decided to run because I wanted to show black and white should have equal opportunity and I wanted to play on the desires of naive liberals to achieve racial harmonywithout making great effort.8. It is impossible for me to cast him off just as it is impossible for me torepudiate the blackcommunity.Lesson 141. "I think the Red Army men willbe surrounded and captured in very large numbers."2.Hitler was hoping that if he attacked Russia, he would win in Britain and the U.S. the support of those who were enemies of Communism.3. Winant said the United States would follow the same policy.4. I would say a word in favor of anyone who is attacked by Hitler, no matter how bad, how wicked or evil he had been in the past.5.The Nazi state does not have any ideal or guiding principle at all. All it has isa strong desire for conquest and rule by the Aryan race, the allegedly most superior race race in the world.6. "I see German bombers and fighters in the sky, which have suffered severe losses in the aerial Battle of England and now fell happy because they think they can easily beat the the Russian air force without heavy loss."7. "We shall be more determined and shall make better and fuller use of our resources."8. Let us strengthen our unity and our efforts in the fight against Nazi Germany when we have not yet been overwhelmed and when we are still powerful.。