2005年5月翻译三级笔译综合能力真题有答案的

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2005年5月CATTI二级口译(综合能力)真题

2005年5月CATTI二级口译(综合能力)真题一、Part Ⅰ（B）（共10小题,共10.0分）Listen to the following short statements and then choose one of the answers that best fits the meaning of each statement by blackening the corresponding circle. There are ten questions in this part of the test, one point for each question. You will hear both the statement and the question only once.第1题What part of the museum flooded?A The central gallery.B The storerooms.C The gift shop.D The central and southern rooms.【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】特定信息的找寻和判断。

根据题干要求，听的重点应注意博物馆哪一部分被淹，而原文涉及博物馆被淹情况的信息颇多，如第一句提到该馆保存的绘画和壁画被淹，后面相继提到该馆的部分屋顶倒塌，雨水倾入两间储藏室(storeroom)，由此可见，符合题干要求的特定信息是储藏室。

因此，选项b的说法是正确的。

注意：排除干扰项，锁定相关特定信息。

第2题How is the quartz heater different from other types of heaters?A It heats only the objects in a room.B It is lighter in weight.C It heats the room quicker.D It is more common.【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】原文介绍了几种散热器，其中重点介绍了quartz heater(石英散热器)。

2005年5月CATTI三级口译(综合能力)真题

2005年5月CATTI三级口译(综合能力)真题一、Part Ⅰ（A）（共10小题,共10.0分）Listen to the following passage and then decide whether the statements below are true or false. After hearing a short passage, tick the circle of "True" on the answer sheet if you think the statement is true, or tick the circle for "False" if it is false. There are 10 statements in this part of the test, with 1 point each. You will hear the passage only once. At the end of the recording, you will have 2 minutes to finish this part.第1题The black people did not vote in America in 1941.【正确答案】：X【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】理解推断。

根据原文“When Henry turned twenty-one，he was legally allowed to vote，but in Davidson County in 1941，blacks could not vote．”，译文为：亨利2l岁以后，从法律上他有了选举权。

但是1941年在戴维逊郡，黑人还是不能参与选举。

题干表述与原文不符，根据原文不能推断出1941年在美国黑人没有选举权。

第2题When Henry turned twenty-one, he drove to the courthouse to vote.【正确答案】：X【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】细节信息。

CATTI三级笔译实务真题2005年05月

三级笔译实务2005年5月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试Section 1 English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) (60 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 120 minutes.The importance of agriculture cannot be overstated. More than 50 percent of the world's labor force is employed in agriculture. The distribution in the early 1980s ranged from 67 percent of those employed in Africa to less than 5 percent in North America. In Western Europe, the figure was about 16 percent; in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, about 32 percent; and in Asia, about 68 percent.Farm size varies widely from region to region. Recently the average for Canadian farms was about 186 ha (about 460 acres) per farm, and for U.S. farms, about 175 ha (about 432 acres). The average size of a single landholding in the Philippines, however, may be somewhat less than 3.6 ha (less than 9 acres), and in Indonesia, a little less than 1.2 ha (less than 3 acres).Size also depends on the purpose of the farm. Commercial farming, or production for cash, is usually done on large holdings. The plantations of Latin America are large, privately owned estates worked by tenant labor. Single-crop plantations produce tea, rubber, cocoa. Wheat farms are most efficient when they comprise some thousands of hectares and can be worked by teams of people and machines. Australian sheep stations and other livestock farms must be large to provide grazing for thousands of animals.Individual subsistence farms or small-family mixed-farm operations are decreasing in number in developed countries but are still numerous in the developing countries of Africa and Asia. A "back-to-the-land" movement in the U.S. reversed the decline of small farms in New England and Alaska in the decade from 1970 to 1980.The conditions that determine what will be raised in an area include climate, water supply, and terrain.Over the 10,000 years since agriculture began to be developed, peoples everywhere have discovered the food value of wild plants and animals and domesticated and bred them. The most important are cereals such as wheat, rice, barley, corn and rye.Agricultural income is also derived from non-food crops such as rubber, fiber plants, tobacco, and oilseeds used in synthetic chemical compounds. Money is also derived from raising animals for pelt.Much of the foreign exchange earned by a country may be derived from a single commodity; for example, Sri Lanka depends on tea, Denmark specializes in dairy products, Australia in wool, and New Zealand and Argentina in meat products. In the U.S., wheat has become a major foreign exchange commodity in recent years.The importance of an individual country as an exporter of agricultural products depends on many variables. Among them is the possibility that the country is too little developed industrially to produce manufactured goods in sufficient quantity or technical sophistication. Such agricultural exporters include Ghana with cocoa, and Myanmar with rice. On the other hand, an exceptionally well-developed country may produce surpluses not needed by its own population; this has beentrue of the U.S., Canada, and some of the West European countries.Section 2 Chinese-English Translation (汉译英) (40 points)Translate the following passage into English. The time for this section is 60 minutes.由于西藏地处“世界屋脊”，自然条件恶劣，也由于几百年落后的封建农奴制社会形成的各种社会历史条件的限制，西藏在全国还属于不发达地区。

2005年5月翻译三级口译(实务)全真试卷答案

(总分3, 考试时间120分钟)PART 1 Dialogue (20 points, 10 minutes) Listen to the following dialogue and interpret it asrequired. After you hear a sentence or a short passage in Chinese, interpret it into English by speaking to the microphone. And after you hear an English senten 该题您未回答:х 该问题分值: 12005年5月翻译三级口译(实务)全真试卷1.答案: 麦克：赶紧找点东西吃，我饿坏了。

Li ：I am also quite hungry ．Hey ．There is a McDonald's up ahead ．麦克：只要你向前走，总能碰上麦当劳；不管你朝哪看，总能看见一家该死的麦当劳。

它们简直也太方便了。

无处不在的“金色双拱形”真叫人恶心。

你知不知道光美国就有8,000多家麦当劳餐馆，全世界的连锁店超过了11,000家。

到2020年，每个人每天都要光顾麦当劳。

Li ：I like the burgers anyway ．Few places in the world are McDonald's-free ．They have sold more than 100 billion burgers worldwide ．In China alone ，several hundred McDonald's restaurants have been set up in recent years ，and many children prefer to have their birthday-parties there ．Of course ，not all their food is good ，but at least they are consistent ．One burger is completely like the other no matter when you go ．麦克：随你怎么说，我反正认为那里的饭菜不怎么样。

2005-2009人事部三级笔译真题

2006年5月三级笔译参考译文随着天气变暖，北极圈的冰层开始融化，海水涌上来开始侵蚀沿岸村落。

拜考夫斯凯村位于俄罗斯东北部沿海地区，居住着457个村民，这里的海岸线已经遭到破坏，海水正以每年15－18英尺的速度向内陆的房屋和采暖用油桶逼近。

“这里本来全都是冰，我们称之为永久冻土，但是现在已经开始融化了。

”对于居住在北极圈里的四百万人来说，气候变化给他们带来了新的机遇。

但是，这也威胁着他们赖以生存的环境和家园，而对于那些祖祖辈辈生活在冰雪荒原的人们来说，这还关乎他们能否保住自己的文化。

对北部地区的进一步开发随着北冰洋的融化加快了脚步，给当地人民带来了利益，也带来了危险。

在巴伦支海和卡拉海发现了广阔的油田，但人们担心先装满石油然后很快就是液化天燃气的轮船发生灾难事故，这些船将卷起海浪，穿过斯堪地那维亚半岛近海的捕鱼区，一直开往欧洲和北美州市场。

当越来越多的发电机、大烟囱和各种重型车辆进入这个地区帮助发展能源工业时，也会使这片处女地受到污染。

阿拉斯加州也存在着海岸侵蚀的问题，这迫使美国政府打算迁移数个因纽特人的村庄，每个村庄的预计搬迁费用高达一亿多美元。

在北极区，在极端冰冷环境里生存了几百年的本地部落注意到了气候和野生动物的变化，他们想去适应这种变化，但常常不知所措。

在挪威最北面的芬马克省，每到冬末，北极的大片土地一望无际，好像冰雪高原，万籁俱寂，偶尔只会听见几声驯鹿的鸣叫和摩托雪橇放牧驯鹿的轰鸣。

但是即使在那里，人们也感受到了北极的变化。

“驯鹿越来越不开心。

”31岁的养鹿人埃拉说道。

其实谈及保护环境和本土习俗，没有什么国家可以与挪威相提并论。

政府把开发石油获得的财富都用在了北极地区，萨米人的文化也因此得到了某种意义上的复兴。

但是无论有多少来自于政府的支持都无法让埃拉相信，他以鹿为生的日子将会和以往一样。

象德克萨斯州的养牛人，他对自己放养的驯鹿数量守口如瓶，但是他说，春秋两季气温上升，导致表层雪融化，天冷后结成冰，驯鹿就更难于刨食到地表的植物。

全国翻译专业资格考试日语三级笔译真题和答案

全国翻译专业资格考试日语三级笔译真题和答案2020年全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试日语三级笔译题库【历年真题＋章节题库＋模拟试题】内容简介本资料特别适用于参加全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试[日语]的考生。

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试日语三级笔译题库包括历年真题、章节题库和模拟试题三部分。

具体如下：第一部分为历年真题。

精选2005年日语3级笔译综合能力试题和2004年日语3级笔译实务试题，既可以体验真实考试，也可以测试自己的水平。

每道真题均提供名师详细解析。

第二部分为章节练习。

遵循全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试日语三级笔译考试大纲的要求，出题倾向，按照最新的考试题型的章目编排，共分为笔译综合能力和笔译实务2章。

第三部分为模拟试题。

由全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试日语考试辅导名师根据历年命题规律及热门考点进行考前预测，其试题数量、试题难度完全仿真最新真题。

•试看部分内容历年真题及详解2005年日语3级笔译综合能力试题及详解一、語彙（10点）A～Dの選択肢から正しいものを一つ選んで、解答用紙に記号で記入しなさい。

（1点×10=10点）（1）人を動かすのは、やる気、行動力、そしてプラス_____の生き方です。

A．考慮B．思考C．促進D．想像【答案】B【解析】句意：干劲、行动力再加上思考的生活态度使人行动。

「思考」“思考”。

（2）インターネットから外国為替の_____が調べられる。

A．相場B．目途C．見本D．総合【答案】A【解析】句意：从网上可以查到外国汇率的行情。

「相場」“行情”。

（3）組織運営の方針は、高い能力と_____を有する人材を育成．確保することである。

A．認識B．常識C．面識D．見識【答案】D【解析】句意：组织运营的方针是，培养并确保有能力和见识的人才。

「見識」“见地，见识”。

（4）きちんと_____と向かってあいさつできない若者が増えている。

A．面B．顔C．頭D．前【答案】A【解析】句意：越来越多的年轻人都不会当面打招呼了。

2005年5月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案

2005年5月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案Section 1: English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）（60 point）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points）It was one of those days that the peasant fishermen on this tributary of the Amazon River dream about.With water levels falling rapidly at the peak of the dry season, a giant school of bass, a tasty fish that fetches a good price at markets, was swimming right into the nets being cast from a dozen small canoes here."With a bit of luck, you can make $350 on a day like this," Lauro Souza Almeida, a leader of the local fishermen's cooperative, exulted as he moved into position. "That is a fortune for people like us," he said, the equivalent of four months at the minimum wage earned by those fortunate enough to find work.But hovering nearby was a large commercial fishing vessel, a "mother boat" equipped with large ice chests for storage and hauling more than a dozen smaller craft. The crew on board was just waiting for the remainder of the fish to move into the river's main channel, where they intended to scoop up as many as they could with their efficient gill nets.A symbol of abundance to the rest of the world, the Amazon is experiencing a crisis of overfishing. As stocks of the most popular species diminish to worrisome levels, tensions are growing between subsistence fishermen and their commercial rivals, who are eager to enrich their bottom line and satisfy the growing appetite for fish of city-dwellers in Brazil and abroad.In response, peasants up and down the Amazon, here in Brazil and in neighboring countries like Peru, are forming cooperatives to control fish catches and restock their rivers and lakes. But that effort, increasingly successful, has only encouraged the commercial fishing operations, as well as some of the peasants' less disciplined neighbors, to step up their depredations."The industrial fishing boats, the big 20- to 30-ton vessels, they have a different mentality than us artisanal fishermen, who have learned to take the protection of the environment into account," said the president of the local fishermen's union. "They want to sweep everything up with their dragnets and then move on, benefiting from our work and sacrifice and leaving us with nothing."Part B Optional Translations (二选一题) （30 points）Ever since the economist David Ricardo offered the basic theory in 1817, economic scripture has taught that open trade-free of tariffs, quotas, subsidies or other government distortions-improves the well-being of both parties. U.S. policy has implemented this doctrine with a vengeance. Why is free trade said to be universally beneficial? The answer is a doctrine called "comparative advantage".Here's a simple analogy. If a surgeon is highly skilled both at doing operations and performing routine blood tests, it's more efficient for the surgeon to concentrate on the surgery and pay a less efficient technician to do the tests, since that allows the surgeon to make the most efficient use of her own time.By extension, even if the United States is efficient both at inventing advanced biotechnologies and at the routine manufacture of medicines, it makes sense for the United States to let the production work migrate to countries that can make the stuff more cheaply. Americans get the benefit of the cheaper products and get to spend their resources on even more valuable pursuits, That, anyway, has always been the premise. But here Samuelson dissents. What if the lower wage country also captures the advanced industry?If enough higher-paying jobs are lost by American workers to outsourcing, he calculates, then the gain from the cheaper prices may not compensate for the loss in U.S. purchasing power."Free trade is not always a win-win situation," Samuelson concludes. It is particularly a problem, he says, in a world where large countries with far lower wages, like India and China, are increasingly able to make almost any product or offer almost any service performed in the United States.If America trades freely with them, then the powerful drag of their far lower will begin dragging down U.S. average wages. The U.S. economy may still grow, he calculates, but at a lower rate than it otherwise would have.Uganda's eagerness for genuine development is reflected in its schoolchildren's smiles and in the fact that so many children are now going to school. Since 1997, when the government began to provide universal primary education, total primary enrollment had risen from 3 million to 7.6 million in 2004. Schools have opened wherenone existed before, although there is some way to go in reaching the poorest areas of the country.Uganda has also made strides in secondary and higher education, to the point that it is attracting many students from other countries. At the secondary level, enrollment is above 700,000, with the private sector providing the majority if schools. For those who want to take their education further, there are 12 private universities in addition to the four publicly funded institutions, together providing 75,000 places.Education is seen as a vital component in the fight against poverty. The battle for better health isanother, although it is one that will take longer to win in a country that carries a high burden of disease, including malaria and AIDS. Here, the solutions can only arise from a combination of international support and government determination to continue spending public money on preventive care and better public health information.Current government plants include recruiting thousands of nurses, increasing the availability of drugs and building 200 new maternity units.Uganda's high rate of population growth, at 3.6 percent per annum, poses a special challenge in the fight against poverty, says Finance Minister Gerald Ssendaula, who points out that the fertility rate, at 6.9 children per female, is the highest in Africa.The government's newly revised Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP) puts the "restoration of security" at the top of the current government agenda. This is because it estimates that Uganda has lost 3 percent of its gross domestic product each year that the conflict has persisted. Displaced people are not only a financial burden, they are unable to the economy.The other core challenges identified by the revised PEAP are finding ways to keep the lowest income growing, improving the quality of education, giving people more control over the size of their families and using public resources transparently and efficiently. It is a document that other poor countries could learn from.Section 2: Chinese- English Translation（汉译英）（40 point）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2".Translation the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into English. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or"Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 80 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（20 points）矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。

CATTI日语三级笔译综合能力考试真题卷2005年

全国翻译资格证书日语三级笔译综合能力考试（2005年）一、語彙（10点）A〜D①選択肢力、乙正一O選人^、解答用紙忙記号疋記入（1点X 10=10 点）（1）人总動力、歹壬召気、行動力、乞L疋入________________ O生吉方^ToA. 考慮B.思考C.促進D.想像（2） ^＞夕一木少卜力外国爲替O_________ 力■調^5^§oA. 相場B.目途C.見本D.総合（3）組織運営O方針总、高X能力七_____ 总有人材总育成•確保A. 認識B.常識C.面識D.見識（4）吉弐人七____ 七向若者力.増元m、^oA.面B.顔 C.頭 D.刖(5)窓总開疗召七、山O空気力•入oT吉尢。

A. TgXB.*9o^^LX C.T^T^LX D.的兰减LX(6)3年経o尢今問題解決O力•立oTX^X<〉A.B.C. D.(7)20 年fe使oTXT IT力.、私大切肚帽子^O^ToA. O6O6B.C.C-O^OD.泾O泾O(8)粽力■伝；t5nr^§oA. S/UWB.C.xey-ED.□2卜(9)逃L尢处大吉X。

A.魚 B.鳥 C.馬 D.船（10）三人寄料泾文殊O oA.才知B.知性 C.知恵 D.知識二、文法（40点）A〜D O選択肢力、乙正LXfeO总一O選人^、解答用紙忙記号疋記入L^^^o（1点X 40=40 点）（11）電車壬駅疋、人目抱吉合o^^^XL^^T^力、小）皿激増LTX^oA.feL5TB.fe^^^TC. fe^^^ D . fe力、力比5于(12)仕事总L全国总旅思oTX尢。

将来①乙七肚予測疋吉召 ___________ o A. 3花B .老咏C. m約束L 尢 ____ 守"詐。

2005年5月秘书三级国考真题（涉外秘书英语）

2005年5⽉秘书三级国考真题（涉外秘书英语）2005年5⽉秘书三级国考真题（涉外秘书英语）A．Listening TestⅠ. Listen to three conversations at an airport. For each one, note down the traveler’s problem and destination (12%). Dialogue 1Problem: 1Destination: 2.Dialogue2Problem: 3.Destination: 4.Dialogue 3Problem: 5.Destination: 6.Ⅱ.You will hear a telephone message, please fill the missing words in the blanks (8%) .Miss. White, I?m7) this on Monday night. After you went home I 8) a fewt things I need you to do while I?m away9). Call Black Ace Limited and ask them when we can expect them to 10)__ their request for us to find them 70new sale people for their new 11)_. Ring Bill Jensen in Accounts and 12)__ him that we 13)__ to pay Oracle Corporation the money we still 14)__ them, before the end of the month.B. Written TestⅢ. Vocabulary and Structure (20%)Directions: Choose the best answer to complete each sentence. 15．The earthquake left thousands of people of people in need of medical care.(A) current (B) urgent(C) critical (D) continual16. Do you fell for a cup of tea ?(A) sure (B)intended(C) inclined (D) likely17、Bonuses are meant to hard work and outstanding performance. Thismeans that not all workers are entitled to them.(A) restore (B) grab(C) push (D) reward18. In the past ten years, Jack has been with us, so I think he has provedthat he _ respect from everyone of us.(A) qualifies (B) expects(C) reserves (D) deserves19. A market economy allows businesses to compete against each other free from government ___.(A) guidance (B) planning(C) interference (D) arrangement20. At the dinner party last night Christine felt greatly because her mother kept bragging about her accomplishments at school.(A) alarmed (B) disappointed(C) ashamed (D) embarrassed21. Sports help to build character and _ competitiveness.(A) cultivate (B) accomplish(C) assist (D) restore22. The desks and chairs can be to the height of each child.(A) measured (B) adopted(C) adjusted (D) objected23. As preparations were not completed in time ,the conference had to be _till the next Tuesday.(A) put away (B) cancelled(C) put aside (D) postponed24. The police chief announced that the deaths of two young girls would soon be inquired.(A) about (B) into(C) of (D) after25. According to the urban construction program, old buildings that are_ repair should be blown up.(A) in (B) beyond(C) under (D) out of26. Nowadays a large number of people buy _ Christmas trees instead of real ones.(A) false (B) artificial(C) sham (D) fake27. The doctor me that the discomfort would disappear in a couple of days if I followed his advice.(A) assured (B) confirmed(C) ensured (D) confessed28. Rosa is quiet and introvert, and she objects to her living room withdozens of people in the apartment.(A) share (B) sharing(C) having shared (D) have shared29. The industrial community should be close enough to the crowdedcenters but distant enough to reduce hazards.(A) feasible (B) positive(C) substantial (D) potential30. When we sold our ranch and moved to town, mother had decided_opening a day nursery.(A) to (B) on(C) in (D) for31. It is reported that a series of meetings _ held about the best way tomarket the new product.(A) was (B) has(C) have (D) were32. Being engaged in the research work ,Dr. Yang seldom goes any wherehis office.(A) in addition to (B) other than(C) apart from (D) instead of33. There is something wrong here; I will ask my solicitor to_ it.(A)make out (B)set about(C) look into (D)figure out34. The old lady was to the young man who helped her find her lostgeneration.(A) grateful (B) touched(C) cheerful (D) generousⅣ. Reading Comprehension (10%)Directions: Read the following passage and answer thequestions followed.Secretaries who receive visitor are called receptionists. In a small firm, the receptionist may have to receive visitors, do some typewriting and clerical work, and operate the switchboard as well. In a large firm, on the other hand, a receptionist normally does nothing apart fromreceiving visitors and making appointments and travel arrangements.There are different tasks and procedures involved in receiving visitors with and appointment and without an appointment. At the beginning of each day the reception office should be notified of all theappointments made and the movements of executives, so thatreceptionist is able to act without undue hesitancy when visitorsarrive.On arrival, visitors are usually asked to sign a visitors book of enter particulars of their visits in a register of callers. This provides a useful permanent record of all visitors to company.A visitor from another company may introduce himself/herself byoffering the receptionist a business card which provides his/her name, company and position. If no card is offered, the receptionist should ask the visitor for those details and make note of them.If a secretary is required to meet a caller when her boss is not in, a note of call should be typed and given to the boss when he or she returns to the office.35.This passage tells us___.(A)regular work of a receptionist(B)what a receptionist is(C)what a receptionist is required to do in some cases(D)A, B and C36. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?___(A)How can a receptionist conduct a good interview?(B)What should be done to make sure of no undue hesitancy whenvisitors arrive?(C)Tasks and procedures are not the same when receiving visitors withor without an appointment.(D) A secretary is asked to meet a visitor if the boss is away.37. Which of the following statement is NOT true?(A)If no card is given by the visitor, the receptionist should ask for theinformation needed(B)The receptionist of the small company usually has more duties to doin the job(C)The receptionist of a large(D) Visitors are not asked to sign their names in a visitors book38. At the beginning of each day the reception office should be notified ofall the appointments… Here “notified” means:_.(A) required (B) introduced(C) told (D) ordered39. In a large firm, a receptionist normally does nothing apart fromreceiving visitors and making appointments and travel arrangements.Which of the following words CANNOT replace “apart from”?(A) but (B) except(C) in addition (D) other thanⅤ. Cloze Test (20%)Directions: Fill in each of the following blanks with anappropriate word which can best complete the sentence.An air waybill is a 40)_, an evidence of 41)_, but not a title 42)_,It is therefore not transferable or 43)__ and a shipper does not lose his ownership of the cargo by handing the air waybill44)__ the airline.A shipper can present his copy to exercise his “right of 45)__” to stopthe goods at any point of journey, to have the goods46)_to a different consignee, or to have the shipment returned, 47)__ that the shipper does not 48)_ this right in such a way as to prejudice the carrier or other consignors and repays any 49) occasioned by the exercise of this right.40. (A) record (B) paper (C) report (D) resign42. (A)crime (B) case (C) contract (D) conclusion43. (A) filing (B)system (C) one (D) document44. (A) for (B) to (C) with (D) at45. (A) disposal (B) dispose (C) decision (D) decide46. (A) discarded (B) abandoned (C) delivered (D) delayed47. (A) if (B) now (C) in (D) provided48. (A) exercise (B) have (C) own (D) obtain49. (A) expansion (B) execution (C) expenses (D) exceptionⅥ.Translation(15%)Directions: Translate the following into Chinese.Foremost among these are belief in: …total design?--- the integration of the design and construction process and the interdependence of all the profession involved; the creative nature of engineering design;the value of ingenuity and invention and the social purpose of design.Engineers identifying with and adhering to these principles arefreethinkers, looking beyond the boundaryes of their chosendisciplines to help the other man or woman. This is encouraged.Ⅶ. Writing(15%)Directions: In this part you are required to write a report on market development, including:1)figures of last year’s sales2)your plan to develop marketYou can refer to the following figures and write about100-word report.Mid-Year Sales Review。

人事部翻译资格证书(CATTI)2005年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案

人事部翻译资格证书（CATTI）2005年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案Section 1: English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）（60 point）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points）It was one of those days that the peasant fishermen on this tributary of the Amazon River dream about.With water levels falling rapidly at the peak of the dry season, a giant school of bass, a tasty fish that fetches a good price at markets, was swimming right into the nets being cast from a dozen small canoes here."With a bit of luck, you can make $350 on a day like this," Lauro Souza Almeida, a leader of the local fishermen's cooperative, exulted as he moved into position. "That is a fortune for people like us," he said, the equivalent of four months at the minimum wage earned by those fortunate enough to find work.But hovering nearby was a large commercial fishing vessel, a "mother boat" equipped with large ice chests for storage and hauling more than a dozen smaller craft. The crew on board was just waiting for the remainder of the fish to move into the river's main channel, where they intended to scoop up as many as they could with their efficient gill nets.A symbol of abundance to the rest of the world, the Amazon is experiencing a crisis of overfishing. As stocks of the most popular species diminish to worrisome levels, tensions are growing between subsistence fishermen and their commercial rivals, who are eager to enrich their bottom line and satisfy the growing appetite for fish of city-dwellers in Brazil and abroad.In response, peasants up and down the Amazon, here in Brazil and in neighboring countries like Peru, are forming cooperatives to control fish catches and restock their rivers and lakes. But that effort, increasingly successful, has only encouraged the commercial fishing operations, as well as some of the peasants' less disciplined neighbors, to step up their depredations."The industrial fishing boats, the big 20- to 30-ton vessels, they have a different mentality than us artisanal fishermen, who have learned to take the protection of the environment into account," said the president of the local fishermen's union. "They want to sweep everything up with their dragnets and then move on, benefiting from our work and sacrifice and leaving us with nothing."Part B Optional Translations (二选一题) （30 points）Topic 1 (选题一)Ever since the economist David Ricardo offered the basic theory in 1817, economic scripture has taught that open trade-free of tariffs, quotas, subsidies or other government distortions-improves the well-being of both parties. U.S. policy has implemented this doctrine with a vengeance. Why is free trade said to be universally beneficial? The answer is a doctrine called "comparative advantage".Here's a simple analogy. If a surgeon is highly skilled both at doing operations and performing routine blood tests, it's more efficient for the surgeon to concentrate on the surgery and pay a less efficient technician to do the tests, since that allows the surgeon to make the most efficient use of her own time.By extension, even if the United States is efficient both at inventing advanced biotechnologies and at the routine manufacture of medicines, it makes sense for the United States to let the production work migrate to countries that can make the stuff more cheaply. Americans get the benefit of the cheaper products and get to spend their resources on even more valuable pursuits, That, anyway, has always been the premise. But here Samuelson dissents. What if the lower wage country also captures the advanced industry?If enough higher-paying jobs are lost by American workers to outsourcing, he calculates, then the gain from the cheaper prices may not compensate for the loss in U.S. purchasing power."Free trade is not always a win-win situation," Samuelson concludes. It is particularly a problem, he says, in a world where large countries with far lower wages, like India and China, are increasingly able to make almost any product or offer almost any service performed in the United States.If America trades freely with them, then the powerful drag of their far lower will begin dragging down U.S. average wages. The U.S. economy may still grow, he calculates, but at a lower rate than it otherwise would have.Topic 2 （选题二）Uganda's eagerness for genuine development is reflected in its schoolchildren's smiles and in the fact that so many children are now going to school. Since 1997, when the government began to provide universal primary education, total primary enrollment had risen from 3 million to 7.6 million in 2004. Schools have opened where none existed before, although there is some way to go in reaching the poorest areas of the country.Uganda has also made strides in secondary and higher education, to the point that it is attracting many students from other countries. At the secondary level, enrollment is above 700,000, with the private sector providing the majority if schools. For those who want to take their education further, there are 12 private universities in addition to the four publicly funded institutions, together providing 75,000 places.Education is seen as a vital component in the fight against poverty. The battle for better health isanother, although it is one that will take longer to win in a country that carries a high burden of disease, including malaria and AIDS. Here, the solutions can only arise from a combination of international support and government determination to continue spending public money on preventive care and better public health information.Current government plants include recruiting thousands of nurses, increasing the availability of drugs and building 200 new maternity units.Uganda's high rate of population growth, at 3.6 percent per annum, poses a special challenge in the fight against poverty, says Finance Minister Gerald Ssendaula, who points out that the fertility rate, at 6.9 children per female, is the highest in Africa.The government's newly revised Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP) puts the "restoration of security" at the top of the current government agenda. This is because it estimates that Uganda has lost 3 percent of its gross domestic product each year that the conflict has persisted. Displaced people are not only a financial burden, they are unable to the economy.The other core challenges identified by the revised PEAP are finding ways to keep the lowest income growing, improving the quality of education, giving people more control over the size of their families and using public resources transparently and efficiently. It is a document that other poor countries could learn from.Section 2: Chinese- English Translation（汉译英）（40 point）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2".Translation the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into English. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 80 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（20 points）矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。

2005年5月秘书三级国考真题(涉外秘书英语)

2005年5月秘书三级国考真题（涉外秘书英语）A．Listening TestⅠ. Listen to three conversations at an airport. For each one, note down the traveler’s problem and destination (12%).Dialogue 1Problem: 1Destination: 2.Dialogue2Problem: 3.Destination: 4.Dialogue 3Problem: 5.Destination: 6.Ⅱ.You will hear a telephone message, please fill the missing words in the blanks (8%) .Miss. White, I‟m7) this on Monday night. After you went home I 8) a fewt things I need you to do while I‟m away9). Call Black Ace Limited and ask them when we can expect them to 10)__ their request for us to find them 70new sale people for their new 11)_. Ring Bill Jensen in Accounts and 12)__ him that we 13)__ to pay Oracle Corporation the money we still 14)__ them, before the end of the month.B. Written TestⅢ. Vocabulary and Structure (20%)Directions: Choose the best answer to complete each sentence. 15．The earthquake left thousands of people of people in need of medical care.(A) current (B) urgent(C) critical (D) continual16. Do you fell for a cup of tea ?(A) sure (B)intended(C) inclined (D) likely17、Bonuses are meant to hard work and outstanding performance. Thismeans that not all workers are entitled to them.(A) restore (B) grab(C) push (D) reward18. In the past ten years, Jack has been with us, so I think he has provedthat he _ respect from everyone of us.(A) qualifies (B) expects(C) reserves (D) deserves19. A market economy allows businesses to compete against each otherfree from government ___.(A) guidance (B) planning(C) interference (D) arrangement20. At the dinner party last night Christine felt greatly because her motherkept bragging about her accomplishments at school.(A) alarmed (B) disappointed(C) ashamed (D) embarrassed21. Sports help to build character and _ competitiveness.(A) cultivate (B) accomplish(C) assist (D) restore22. The desks and chairs can be to the height of each child.(A) measured (B) adopted(C) adjusted (D) objected23. As preparations were not completed in time ,the conference had to be_till the next Tuesday.(A) put away (B) cancelled(C) put aside (D) postponed24. The police chief announced that the deaths of two young girls wouldsoon be inquired.(A) about (B) into(C) of (D) after25. According to the urban construction program, old buildings that are_repair should be blown up.(A) in (B) beyond(C) under (D) out of26. Nowadays a large number of people buy _ Christmas trees instead ofreal ones.(A) false (B) artificial(C) sham (D) fake27. The doctor me that the discomfort would disappear in a couple of daysif I followed his advice.(A) assured (B) confirmed(C) ensured (D) confessed28. Rosa is quiet and introvert, and she objects to her living room withdozens of people in the apartment.(A) share (B) sharing(C) having shared (D) have shared29. The industrial community should be close enough to the crowdedcenters but distant enough to reduce hazards.(A) feasible (B) positive(C) substantial (D) potential30. When we sold our ranch and moved to town, mother had decided_opening a day nursery.(A) to (B) on(C) in (D) for31. It is reported that a series of meetings _ held about the best way tomarket the new product.(A) was (B) has(C) have (D) were32. Being engaged in the research work ,Dr. Yang seldom goes any wherehis office.(A) in addition to (B) other than(C) apart from (D) instead of33. There is something wrong here; I will ask my solicitor to_ it.(A)make out (B)set about(C) look into (D)figure out34. The old lady was to the young man who helped her find her lostgeneration.(A) grateful (B) touched(C) cheerful (D) generousⅣ. Reading Comprehension (10%)Directions: Read the following passage and answer thequestions followed.Secretaries who receive visitor are called receptionists. In a small firm, the receptionist may have to receive visitors, do some typewriting and clerical work, and operate the switchboard as well. In a large firm, on the other hand, a receptionist normally does nothing apart fromreceiving visitors and making appointments and travel arrangements.There are different tasks and procedures involved in receiving visitors with and appointment and without an appointment. At the beginning of each day the reception office should be notified of all theappointments made and the movements of executives, so thatreceptionist is able to act without undue hesitancy when visitorsarrive.On arrival, visitors are usually asked to sign a visitors book of enter particulars of their visits in a register of callers. This provides a useful permanent record of all visitors to company.A visitor from another company may introduce himself/herself byoffering the receptionist a business card which provides his/her name, company and position. If no card is offered, the receptionist should ask the visitor for those details and make note of them.If a secretary is required to meet a caller when her boss is not in, a note of call should be typed and given to the boss when he or she returns to the office.35.This passage tells us___.(A)regular work of a receptionist(B)what a receptionist is(C)what a receptionist is required to do in some cases(D)A, B and C36. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?___(A)How can a receptionist conduct a good interview?(B)What should be done to make sure of no undue hesitancy whenvisitors arrive?(C)Tasks and procedures are not the same when receiving visitors withor without an appointment.(D) A secretary is asked to meet a visitor if the boss is away.37. Which of the following statement is NOT true?(A)If no card is given by the visitor, the receptionist should ask for theinformation needed(B)The receptionist of the small company usually has more duties to doin the job(C)The receptionist of a large(D) Visitors are not asked to sign their names in a visitors book38. At the beginning of each day the reception office should be notified ofall the appointments… Here “notified” means:_.(A) required (B) introduced(C) told (D) ordered39. In a large firm, a receptionist normally does nothing apart fromreceiving visitors and making appointments and travel arrangements.Which of the following words CANNOT replace “apart from”?(A) but (B) except(C) in addition (D) other thanⅤ. Cloze Test (20%)Directions: Fill in each of the following blanks with anappropriate word which can best complete the sentence.An air waybill is a 40)_, an evidence of 41)_, but not a title 42)_,It is therefore not transferable or 43)__ and a shipper does not lose his ownership of the cargo by handing the air waybill44)__ the airline.A shipper can present his copy to exercise his “right of 45)__” to stopthe goods at any point of journey, to have the goods46)_to a different consignee, or to have the shipment returned, 47)__ that the shipper does not 48)_ this right in such a way as to prejudice the carrier or other consignors and repays any 49) occasioned by the exercise of this right.40. (A) record (B) paper (C) report (D) resign42. (A)crime (B) case (C) contract (D) conclusion43. (A) filing (B)system (C) one (D) document44. (A) for (B) to (C) with (D) at45. (A) disposal (B) dispose (C) decision (D) decide46. (A) discarded (B) abandoned (C) delivered (D) delayed47. (A) if (B) now (C) in (D) provided48. (A) exercise (B) have (C) own (D) obtain49. (A) expansion (B) execution (C) expenses (D) exceptionⅥ.Translation(15%)Directions: Translate the following into Chinese.Foremost among these are belief in: …total design‟--- the integration of the design and construction process and the interdependence of all the profession involved; the creative nature of engineering design;the value of ingenuity and invention and the social purpose of design.Engineers identifying with and adhering to these principles arefreethinkers, looking beyond the boundaryes of their chosendisciplines to help the other man or woman. This is encouraged.Ⅶ. Writing(15%)Directions: In this part you are required to write a report on market development, including:1)figures of last year’s sales2)your plan to develop marketYou can refer to the following figures and write about100-word report.Mid-Year Sales Review。

英语翻译资格考试翻译三级笔译综合能力2005年05月

翻译三级笔译综合能力2005年05月Ⅰ Vocabulary and GrammarThis section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions.Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1、We have had to raise the prices of our products because of theincrease in the cost of ______ materials.A. primitiveB. roughC. originalD. raw2、With an eighty-hour week and little enjoyment, life must have been very______ for the students.A. hostileB. anxiousC. tediousD. obscure3、Whenever the government increases public services,______ because more workers are needed to carry out these services.A. employment to riseB. employment risesC. which rising employmentD. the rise of employment4、Our flight to Guangzhou was ______ by a bad fog and we had to stay much longer in the hotel than we had expected.A. delayedB. adjournedC. cancelledD. preserved5、Container-grown plants can be planted at any time of the year, but______ in winter.A. should beB. would beC. preferredD. preferably6、Both longitude and latitude ______ in degrees, minutes and seconds.A. measuringB. measuredC. are measuredD. being measured7、Most comets have two kinds of tails, one made up of dust, ______ made up of electrically charged particles called plasma.A. one anotherB. the otherC. other onesD. each other8、Good pencil erasers are soft enough not ______ paper but hard enough so that they crumble gradually when used.A. by damagingB. so that they damageC. to damageD. damaging9、The magician picked several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.A. by accidentB. at randomC. on occasionD. on average10、On turning the comer, they saw the path ______ steeply.A. departingB. descendingC. decreasingD. degenerating11、English language publications in China are growing in volume and______.A. circulationB. rotationC. circumstanceD. appreciation12、Hydroponics ______ the cultivation of plants without soil.A. doesB. isC. doD. are13、To impose computer technology ______ teachers is to create an environment that is not conducive to learning.A. withB. toC. inD. on14、Marketing is ______ just distributing goods from the manufacturer to the final customer.A. rather thanB. other thanC. bigger thanD. more than15、______ a language family is a group of languages with a common origin and similar vocabulary, grammar, and sound system.A. What linguists callB. It is called by linguistsC. Linguists call itD. What do linguists call16、In the eighteenth century, the town of Bennington, Vermont, was famous for ______ pottery.A. it madeB. itsC. the makingD. where its17、______ get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A. ChildrenB. Children, when theyC. As childrenD. For children to18、______ of his childhood home in Hannibal, Missouri, provided Mark Twain with the inspiration for two of his most popular novels.A. RememberingB. MemoriesC. It was the memoriesD. He remembered19、Dust storms most often occur in areas where the ground has little vegetation to protect ______ of the wind.A. from the effectsB. it the effectsC. it from the effectsD. the effects from it20、Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are a ______.A. scarcityB. minorityC. minimumD. shortagePart 2 Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences; in each sentence one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21、Shellfish give the deceptive appearance of enjoying a peaceful existence, although in fact life is a constant struggle for them.A. misleadingB. calmC. understandableD. initial22、The most striking technological success in the 20th century is probably the computer revolution.A. profitableB. productiveC. prominentD. prompt23、Scientific evidence from different disciplines demonstrates that in most humans the left hemisphere of the brain controls language.A. groups of followersB. yearsC. countriesD. fields of study24、Public relations practice is the deliberate, planned and sustainedeffort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between an organization and its public.A. completeB. relatedC. intentionalD. active25、The use of the new technology will have a profound effect on schools.A. negativeB. positiveC. strongD. useful26、If we look at the Chinese and British concepts of hospitality, we find one major similarity but a number of important differences.A. hostilityB. friendlinessC. mannerD. culture27、In just three years, the Net has gone from a playground for the local people to a vast communications and trading center where millions swap information or do deals around the world.A. businessB. shoppingC. chattingD. meeting28、Most species of this plant thrive in ordinary well-drained garden soilC. matureD. bear fruit29、Motivation is the driving force within individuals that impels them to action.A. impedesB. interferesC. holdsD. pushes30、The ultimate cause of the Civil War was the bombardment of Fort Sumter.A. onlyB. finalC. trueD. special31、No hero of ancient or modern days can surpass the Indians with their lofty contempt of death and the fortitude with which they sustain its cruelest affliction.A. regardB. courageC. lossD. trick32、The service economy doesn't suggest that we convert our factories into laundries to survive.A. implyB. persuadeC. hurlD. transform33、It was rather strange how the habits of his youth clung to him still. He was 72.A. stuck toB. turnedC. led toD. gave way to34、He has a touch of eccentricity in his composition.A. essayB. writingC. characterD. manner35、Jim was a stout old gentleman, with a weather-beaten countenance.A. bodyB. skinC. shoulderD. passionate interestPart 3 Correcting Grammatical ErrorsThis part consists of 15 sentences; in each sentence there is an underlined part that indicates an error. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.36、Not much people realize that apples have been cultivated for over3,000 years.A. Not manyB. Not enoughC. Without manyD. No many37、The eastern bluebird is considered the most attractive bird native of North America by many bird-watchers.A. nativeB. native with38、All living creatures pass on inherited traits from one generation to other.A. the otherB. anotherC. othersD. other one39、Furniture makers use glue to hold joints together and sometimes to reinforce it.A. itsB. fastC. hardD. them40、The hard, out surface of the tooth is called enamel.A. outsideB. appearanceC. outerD. hiding41、The earliest form of artificial lighting was fire, which alsoprovided warm and protection.A. hotB. sunshineC. warmthD. safe42、All mammals have hair, but not always evident.A. but it is notB. but it isC. but they are notD. but they are43、A professor of economic and history at Atlanta University, W.E.B. Du Bois, promoted full racial equality.A. economyB. economicsC. economicalD. economic44、Machines that use hydraulic pressure including elevators, dentist chairs, and automobile brakes.A. excludeB. excludingC. includeD. are included45、The first recorded use of natural gas to light street lamps it was in the town of Frederick, New York, in 1825.A. wasB. isC. it isD. were46、Although the social sciences different a great deal from one another, they share a common interest in human relationship.A. moveB. differC. changeD. varies47、Unlike competitive running, race walkers must always keep some portion of their feet in contact with the ground.A. runB. runnerC. runnersD. running race48、A promising note is a written agreement to pay a certain sum of money at some time future.A. time futuresB. futures49、New York City surpassed the other Atlantic seaports in partly because it developed the best transportation links with the interior of the country.A. partB. partialC. partnerD. parting50、All root vegetables grow underground, and not all vegetables that grow underground are roots.A. butB. orC. asD. thusⅡ Reading ComprehensionIn this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C andD. choices to complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Then blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Phyllis Wheatley is regarded as America's first black poet. She was born in Senegal, Africa, about 1753 and brought to America aboard aslave ship at about the age of seven. John and Susannah Wheatley bought her for three pounds at a slave auction in Boston in 1761 to be a personal servant of Mrs. Wheatley. The family had three other slaves, and all were treated with respect. Phyllis was soon accepted as one of the family, which included being raised and educated with the Wheatley'stwin 15-year-old children, Mary and Nathaniel. At that time, most females, even from better families, could not read and write, but Mary was probably one of the best educated young women in Boston. Mary wanted to become a teacher, and in fact, it was Mary who decided to take charge of Phyllis's education. Phyllis soon displayed her remarkable talents.At the age of twelve she was reading the Greek and Latin classics and passages from the Bible. And eventually. Mrs. Wheatley decided Phyllis should become a Christian.At the age of thirteen Phyllis wrote her first poem. She became a Boston sensation after she wrote a poem on the death of the evangelical preacher George Whitfield in 1770. It became common practice in Bostonto have "Mrs. Wheatley's Phyllis" read poetry in polite society. Mary married in 1771, and Phyllis later moved to the country because of poor health, as a teacher and caretaker to a farmer's three children. Mary had tried to interest publishers in Phyllis's poems but once they heard she was a Negro they weren't interested.Then in 1773 Phyllis went with Nathaniel, who was now a businessman, to London. It was thought that a sea voyage might improve her health. Thirty-nine of her poems were published in London as Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral. It was the first book published by ablack American. In 1775 Phyllis wrote a poem extolling the accomplishments of George Washington and sent it to him. He responded by praising her talents and inviting her to visit his headquarters. After both of her benefactors died in 1777, and Mary died in 1778, Phyllis was freed as a slave. She married in 1778, moved away from Boston, and had three children. But after the unhappy marriage, she moved back to Boston, and51、What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Slavery and the treatment of the black people in America.B. The Wheatley family, including their slaves.C. The life of America's first black poet.D. The achievements of Phyllis Wheatley.52、The underlined word "respect" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.A. considerationB. disregardC. punishmentD. behavior53、According to the passage, how many slaves did the Wheatley's have?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.54、According to the passage, an unusual feature of Mary was that she______.A. was not much older than PhyllisB. wanted to become a teacherC. was comparatively well educatedD. decided to take charge of Phyllis's education55、The underlined word "eventually" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.A. ultimatelyB. slowlyC. reluctantlyD. gradually56、Which of the following is NOT true about Phyllis in the early 1770s?A. She wrote her first poem when in her teens.B. She married in 1771.C. She became a teacher.D. She was able to get her poems published.57、The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 2 refers to ______A. publishersB. poemsC. childrenD. black people58、It can be inferred that Phyllis's trip to England with Nathaniel in 1773 ______A. did not improve her healthB. was for business reasonsC. led to books of her poems being available in AmericaD. led to the publication of her poems because the English were more interested in religious and moral subjects59、The word "extolling" is closest in meaning to ______A. welcomingB. statingC. bemoaningD. praising60、Which of the following conclusions about Phyllis is supported by the passage?A. She would have been more recognized as a poet if she had not been black.B. She would have written poetry if she had stayed in Africa.C. She went unrecognized as a poet during her lifetime.D. She only wrote religious poetry.About fifty years ago, plant physiologists set out to grow roots by themselves in solutions in laboratory flasks. The scientists found that the nutrition of isolated roots was quite simple. They required sugar andthe usual minerals and vitamins. However, they did not require organicorganic compounds. These activities by roots require energy, of course: The process of respiration uses sugar to make the high energy compound ATP, which drives the biochemical reactions. Respiration also requires oxygen. Highly active roots require a good deal of oxygen.The study of isolated roots has provided an understanding of the relationship between shoots and roots in intact plants. The leaves ofthe shoots provide the roots with sugar and vitamins, and the rootsprovide the shoots with water and minerals. In addition, roots canprovide the shoots with organic nitrogen compounds. This comes in handy for the growth of buds in the early spring when leaves are not yetfunctioning. Once leaves begin photosynthesizing, they produce protein, but only mature leaves can "export" protein to the rest of the plant in the form of amino acids.61、What is the main topic of the passage?A. The relationship between a plant's roots and its shoots.B. What can be learned by growing roots in isolation.C. How plants can be grown without roots.D. What elements are necessary for the growth of plants.62、The underlined word "themselves" in Paragraph 1 refers to ______A. plant physiologistsB. solutionsC. laboratory flasksD. roots63、The scientists found what the isolated roots need is ______A. quite naturalB. sugar, minerals and vitaminsC. some rare vitaminsD. organic nitrogen compounds64、Roots have the ability to ______A. make proteinsB. obtain fresh airC. produce inorganic nitrogenD. carry out activities without energy65、According to the passage, what is ATP?A. A biochemical process.B. The tip of a root.C. A chemical compound.D. A type of plant cell.66、The underlined word "intact" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to______A. matureB. wildC. wholeD. tiny67、The use of the phrase "comes in handy" underlined in Paragraph 2 indicates that the process is ______A. unavoidableB. predictableC. necessaryD. successful68、It can be inferred from the passage that, in the early spring, the buds of plants ______A. "export" protein in the form of amino acidsB. do not require waterC. have begun photosynthesizingD. obtain organic compounds from the root69、Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?C. The findings of an experiment are explained.D. A hypothesis is presented, and several means of proving it are suggested.70、Where is this passage likely to be found?A. A newsletter.B. A magazine.C. A storybook.D. A novel.Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. For example, the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance isextracted from natural rose oil at a cost of thousands of dollars a pound; an identical synthetic substance can be made for 1% of this cost. Since the early twentieth century, success in reproducing these substances has created a new industry that today produces hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances.Some natural fragrances are easily synthesized; these include vanillin, the aromatic ingredient in vanilla, and benzaldehyde, the aromatic ingredient in wild cherries. Other fragrances, however, have dozens, even hundreds of components. Only recently has it been possible to separate and identit3, these ingredients by the use of gas chromatography and spectroscopy. Once the chemical identity is known, it is often possible to synthesize them. Nevertheless, some complex substances, such as the aroma of fresh coffee, have still not been duplicated satisfactorily.Many of the chemical compounds making up these synthetics areidentical to those found in nature, and are as harmless or harmful asthe natural substances. New products must be tested for safety, and when used in food, must be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The availability of synthetic flavors and fragrances has madepossible a large variety of products, from inexpensive beverages to perfumed soap to used cars with applied "new car odor."71、"From the passage we can learn that ______A. natural flavorings and fragrances are not quite dearB. the limitation of natural flavorings and fragrances is clearC. the supply of natural flavorings and fragrances is adequate to meet the demandD. the cost of producing natural flavorings and fragrances is high72、Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Natural rose fragrance is 100 times more expensive to produce than artificial rose fragrance.B. The most important ingredient in a rose fragrance is obtained from natural rose oil at a low cost.C. A different synthetic substance can be made for 1% of the cost.D. Natural rose oil costs the same as its fragrances.73、The industry of producing hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances probably appeared in ______A. 2000B. 1953C. 1909D. 181074、According to the passage, all the following are easier to synthesize EXCEPT ______A. aromatic ingredient in vanillaB. vanillaC. aromatic ingredient in wild cherryD. the flavor of fresh coffee75、The underlined word "duplicated" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______A. make doubleB. make a copy ofC. produce something equal toD. take from76、Why does the author mention fresh coffee in Paragraph 2?A. As an example of complex substances having not been duplicated satisfactorily.B. Because the coffee fragrance is hard to produce.C. To conclude the passage.D. The smell of fresh coffee is inviting.77、______ a substance can be synthesized.A. Upon identifying the basic components of itB. Once chemically analyzedC. When gas chromatography is usedD. If spectroscopy is adopted78、It can be inferred from the passage that ______A. vanillin is easier to synthesize than benzaldehydeB. not all synthetic flavors are harmlessC. in general, the less components there are in a fragrance, the harder it is to synthesizeD. synthesized substances must be tested for safety only if they are used in food79、Which of the following is the best title for tile passage?A. How to Synthesize FragrancesB. Synthetic Substances Are Easy to MakeC. Natural Flavorings and FragrancesD. Synthetic Flavors and Fragrances80、Which of the following is NOT true according to the last paragraph?A. Synthetic fragrances can be used to make a used car smell like a new one.B. Synthetic flavors and fragrances have added to the varieties of products.C. Lemon soap is made out of some delicious lemon.D. It is likely that a bottle of orange juice is synthesized.Some people associate migration mainly with birds. Birds do travel vast distances, but mammals also migrate. An example is the caribou, reindeer that graze on the grassy slopes of northern Canada. When the weather turns cold, they travel south until spring. Their tracks are so well-worn that they are clearly visible from the air. Another migrating mammal is the Alaska fur seal. These seals breed only in the Pribilot Islands in the Bering Sea. The young are born in June and by September are strong enough to go with their mothers on a journey of over 3,000 miles. Together they swim down the Pacific Coast of North America. The females and young travel as far as southern California. The males do not journey so far. They swim only to the Gulf of Alaska. In the spring, males and females all return to the islands, and there the cycle begins again. Whales are among the greatest migrators of all. The humpback and blue whales migrate thousands of miles each year from the polar seas to the tropics. Whales eat huge quantities of plankton. These are most abundant in cold polar waters. In winter, the whales move to warm waters81、From the passage we can learn that ______A. people migrate like animalsB. only birds migrateC. the female fur seals migrate only to the Gulf of AlaskaD. not all mammals migrate82、The phrase "An example" underlined in Paragraph 1 refers to an example of a ______A. migratory mammalB. place where animals migrateC. migrating birdD. person who associates migration with birds83、All the mammals are mentioned as migrating ones EXCEPT ______A. caribouB. fin whaleC. reindeerD. Alaska fur seal84、Where can you see from the air the migration of the mammals?A. In the Pribilot Islands.B. In the Bering Sea.C. In southern California.D. In northern Canada.85、Which of the following is NOT true?A. Whales breed in winter.B. Young whales are given birth in cold waters.C. Alaska fur seals give birth to the young only in one area.D. Alaska fur seals are born in warm weather.86、Together ______ of Alaska fur seals swim down the Pacific Coast of North America.A. mothers and the youngB. fathers and the youngC. parents and the youngD. seals and whales87、Which of the following is NOT described in the passage?A. Whales migrate to breed and give birth to their young.B. Whale-watching in Boston in summer is attracting.C. Seals breed in the north before migration.D. Reindeer feed on grass.88、Whales live on ______A. tiny plants and animals in the seaB. the grassy slopes of northern CanadaC. their young in cold winterD. the abundant seafood in tropic waters89、How many kinds of migrating mammals are mentioned in the passage?A. Four.B. Three.C. Two.D. One.90、What is the best title of the passage?A. Three Types of WhalesB. Birds MigrationC. Mammals Also MigrateD. Several Kinds of MigrationElectronic mail has become an extremely important and popular means of communication.The convenience and efficiency of electronic mail are threatened by the extremely rapid growth in the volume of unsolicited commercial electronic mail. Unsolicited commercial electronic mail is currently estimated to account for over half of all electronic mall traffic, up from an estimated 7 percent in 2001, and the volume continues to rise.Most of these messages are fraudulent or deceptive in one or more respects.The receipt of unsolicited commercial electronic mail may result in costs to recipients who cannot refuse to accept such mail and who incur costs for the storage of such mail, or for the time spent accessing, reviewing, and discarding such mail, or for both. The receipt of a large number of unwanted messages also decreases the convenience of electronic mall and creates a risk that wanted electronic mail messages, both commercial and noncommercial, will be lost, overlooked, or discarded amidst the larger volume of unwanted messages, thus reducing thereliability and usefulness of electronic mail to the recipient. Some commercial electronic mail contains material that many recipients may consider vulgar or pornographic in nature.The growth in unsolicited commercial electronic mail imposes significant monetary costs on providers of Internet access services, businesses, and educational and nonprofit institutions that carry and receive such mail, as there is a finite volume of mail that such providers, businesses, and institutions can handle without further investment in infrastructure. Many senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mail purposefully disguise the source of such mall.Many senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mall purposefully include misleading information in the messages' subject lines in orderto induce the recipients to view the messages. While some senders of commercial electronic mail messages provide simple and reliable ways for recipients to reject (or 'opt-out' of) receipt of commercial electronic mall from such senders in the future, other senders provide no such'opt-out' mechanism, or refuse to honor the requests of recipients notto receive electronic mail from such senders in the future, or both.Many senders of bulk unsolicited commercial electronic mail use computer programs to gather large numbers of electronic mail addresses on an automated basis from Internet websites or online services where users must post their addresses in order to make full use of the website or service.The problems associated with the rapid growth and abuse ofunsolicited commercial electronic mall cannot be solved by the government alone. The development and adoption of techno-logical approaches and the pursuit of cooperative efforts with other countries will be necessary as well.91、According to the passage, efficiency of e-mail is threatened by______A. heavy e-mail trafficB. fraudulent e-mail messagesC. large volume of messagesD. increasing amount of unwanted e-mail92、Which of the following is NOT true about unwanted e-mail?A. It costs money to receive them.B. It's free to store them.C. It takes time to access them.D. It takes time to throw them away.93、Unwanted e-mail may ______A. cause companies to fail in businessB. cause wanted e-mail messages to loseC. damage the credit of a companyD. do good to a small company。

2005年5月笔译二级综合能力真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2005年5月笔译二级综合能力真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. V ocabulary and Grammar 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze TestPART 1 V ocabulary and Grammar (25 points)This part consists of three sections. Read the directions for each section before answering the questions. The time for this part is 25 minutes.SECTION 1 V ocabulary SelectionIn the section, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A,B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentences. There is only ONE right answer.1．No one appreciated his work during his lifetime, but ______ it is clear that he was a great artist.A．in the aftermathB．by the timeC．in retrospectD．in this eventuality正确答案：C解析：in retrospect回顾，回顾往事：review one’s work of the past years in retrospect回顾个人以往几年的工作。

aftermath(不幸事件造成的)后果，余波：the danger of disease in the aftermath地震后引发疫病的危险。

5月翻译资格考题三级英语笔译实务试卷及答案

5月翻译资格考题三级英语笔译实务试卷及答案试题部分：Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) Translate the following passage into Chinese.Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle.In Bykovsky, a village of 457 residents at the tip of a fin-shaped peninsula on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil，at a rate of 15 to 18 feet, or 5 to 6 meters, a year. Eventually, homes will be lost as more ice melts each summer, and maybe all of Bykovsky, too.“It is practically all ice — permafrost —and it is thawing. ” The 4 million Russian people who live north of the Arctic Circle are feeling the effects of warming in many ways. A changing climate presents new opportunities, but it also threatens their environment, the stability of their homes, and，for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. Discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil or liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed for the eager markets of Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by air and water pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit coastal villages at a projected cost of US $ 100 million or more for each one.Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with cultural traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.In Finnmark, the northernmost province of Norway, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.A changing Arctic is felt there, too, though in another way. "The reindeer arebecoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and as a result Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance.And yet no amount of government support can convince Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring are melting the top layers of snow， which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat."The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns，”said Eira, sitting beside a birch fire inside his lavvu, a home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it. ”Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (汉译英) Translate the following passage into English.维护世界和平，促进共同发展，谋求合作共赢，是各国人民的共同愿望，也是不可抗拒的当今时代潮流。

2005年05月三笔实务真题(附答案)

2005.05. CATTI三级笔译实务Section1: English-Chinese translationThe importance of agriculture cannot be overstated. More than 50 percent of the world’s labor force is employed in agriculture. The distribution in the early 1980s ranged from 67 percent of those employed in Africa to less than 5 percent in North America. In Western Europe, the figure was about 16 percent; in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, about 32 percent; and in Asia, about 68 percent.Farm size varies widely from region to region. Recently the average for Canadian farms was about 186 ha (about 460 acres) per farm, and for U.S. farms, about 175 ha (about 432 acres). The average size of a single landholding in the Philippines, however, may be somewhat less than 3.6 ha (less than 9 acres), and in Indonesia, a little less than 1.2 ha (less than 3 acres).Size also depends on the purpose of the farm. Commercial farming, or production for cash, is usually done on large holding. The plantations of Latin America are large, privately owned estates worked by tenant labor. Single-crop plantations produce tea, rubber, cocoa. Wheat farms are most efficient when they comprise some thousands of hectares and can be worked by teams of people and machines. Australian sheep stations and other livestock farms must be large to provide grazing for thousands of animals.Individual subsistence farms or small-family mixed-farm operations are decreasing in number in developed countries but are still numerous in the developing countries of Africa and Asia. A “back-to-the-land” movement in the U.S. reversed the decline of small farms in New England and Alaska in the decade from 1970 to 1980.The conditions that determine what will be raised in an area include climate, water supply, and terrain.Over the 10,000 years since agriculture began to be developed, peoples everywhere have discovered the food value of wild plants and animals and domesticated and bred them. The most important are cereals such as wheat, rice, barley, corn and rye.Agricultural income is also derived from non-food crops such asrubber, fiber plants, tobacco, and oilseeds used in synthetic chemical compounds. Money is also derived from raising animals for pelt.Much of the foreign exchange earned by a country may be derived from a single commodity; for example, Sri Lanka depends on tea, Denmark specializes in dairy products, Australia in wool, and New England in meat products. In the U.S., wheat has become a major foreign exchange commodity in recent years.The importance of an individual country as an exporter of agricultural products depends on many variables. Among them is the possibility that the county is too little developed industrially to produce manufactured goods in sufficient quantity or technical sophistication. Such agricultural exporters include Ghana with cocoa, and Myanmar with rice. On the other hand, an exceptionally well-developed country may produce surpluses not needed by its own population; this as been true of the U.S., Canada, and some of the West European countries.Section2: Chinese-English translation由于西藏地处“世界屋脊”，自然条件恶劣，也由于几百年落后的封建农奴制社会形成的各种社会历史条件内的限制，西藏在全国还属于不发达地区。

05月CATTI三级笔译实务真题英译汉部分附答案

2008年5月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试三级笔译实务Section 1 English-Chinese Translation (英译汉)Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 180 minutes. Europe Pushes to Get Fuel From FieldsARDEA, Italy — The previous growing season, this lush coastal field near Rome was filled with rows of delicate durum wheat, used to make high-quality pasta. Today it overflows with rapeseed, a tall, gnarled weedlike plant bursting with coarse yellow flowers that has become a new manna for European farmers: rapeseed can be turned into biofuel.Motivated by generous subsidies to develop alternative energy sources — and a measure of concern about the future of the planet —Europe’s farmers are beginning to grow crops that can be turned into fuels meant to produce fewer emissions than gas or oil. They are chasing their counterparts in the Americas who have been raising crops for biofuel for more than five years.“This is a much-needed boost to our economy, our farms,” said Marcello Pini, 50, a farmer, standing in front of the rapeseed he planted for the first time. “Of course, we h ope it helps the environment, too.”In March, the European Commission, disappointed by the slow growth of the biofuels industry, approved a directive that included a “binding target” requiring member countries to use 10 percent biofuel for transport by 2020 — the most ambitious and specific goal in the world.Most European countries are far from achieving the target, and are introducing incentives and subsidies to bolster production.As a result, bioenergy crops have replaced food as the most profitable crop in several European countries. In this part of Italy, for example, the government guarantees the purchase of biofuel crops at 22 Euros for 100 kilograms, or $13.42 for 100 pounds — nearly twice the 11 to 12 Euros for 100 kilograms of wheat on the open market in 2006. Better still, farmers can plant biofuel crops on “set aside” fields, land that Europe’s agriculture policy would otherwise require be left fallow.But an expert panel convened by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization pointed out that the biofuels boom produces benefits as well as trade-offs and risks — including higher and wildly fluctuating food prices. In some markets, grain prices have nearly doubled.“At a time when agricultural prices are low, in comes biofuel and improves the lot of farmers and injects life into rural areas,” said Gustavo Best, an expert at the Food and Agriculture Organization in Rome. “But as the scale grows and the demand for biofuel crops seems to be infinite, we’re seeing some negative effects and we need to hold up a yellow light.”Josette Sheeran, the new head of the United Nations World Food program, which fed nearly 90 million people in 2006, said that biofuels created new problems. “An i ncrease in grain prices impacts us because we are a major procurer of grain for food,” she said. “So biofuels are both a challenge and an opportunity.”In Europe, the rapid conversion of fields that once grew wheat or barley to biofuel crops like rapeseed is already leading to shortages of the ingredients for making pasta and brewing beer, suppliers say. That could translate into higher prices in supermarkets.“New and increasing demand for bi oenergy production has put high pressure on the whole world grain market,” said Claudia Conti, a spokesman for Barilla, one of the largest Italian pasta makers.“Not only German beer producers, but Mexican tortilla makers have see the cost of their main ra w material growing quickly to historical highs.”Some experts are more worried about the potential impact to low-income consumers. In the developing world, the shift to more lucrative biofuel crops destined for richer countries could create serious hunger and damage the environment if wild land is converted to biofuel cultivation, the agriculture panel concluded.But officials at the European Commission say they are pursuing a measured course that will prevent some of the price and supply problems seen in American markets.In a recent speech, Mariann Fischer Boel, the European agriculture and rural development commissioner, said that the 10 percent target was “not a shot in the dark,” but was carefully chosen to encourage a level of growth for the biofuel industry that would not produce undue hardship for Europe’s poor.She calculated that this approach would push up would raw material prices for cereal by 3 percent to 6 percent by 2020, while prices for oilseed might rise 5 percent to 18 percent. But food prices on the shelves would barely change, she said.Yet even as the European program begins to harvest biofuels in greater volume, homegrown production is still far short of what is needed to reach the 10 percent goal: Europe’s farmers produced an estimated 2.9 billion liters, or 768 million gallons, of biofuel in 2004, far shy of the 3.4 billion gallons generated in the United States in the period. In 2005, biofuel accounted for around 1 percent of Europe’s fuel, according to European statistics, with almos t all of that in Germany and Sweden. The biofuel share in Italy was 0.51 percent, and in Britain, 0.18 percent.That could pose a threat to European markets as foreign producers like Brazil or developing countries like Indonesia and Malaysia try to ship their biofuels to markets where demand, subsidies and tax breaks are the greatest.Ms. Fischer Boel recently acknowledged that Europe would have to import at least a third of what it would need to reach its 10 percent biofuels target. Politicians fear that could hamper development of a local industry, while perversely generating tons of new emissions as “green” fuel is shipped thousands of kilometers across the Atlantic, instead of coming from the farm next door.Such imports could make biofuel far less green in other ways as well — for example if Southeast Asian rainforest is destroyed for cropland.Brazil, a country with a perfect climate for sugar cane and vast amounts of land, started with subsidies years ago to encourage the farming of sugarcane for biofu els, partly to take up “excess capacity” in its flagging agricultural sector.The auto industry jumped in, too. In 2003, Brazilian automakers started producing flex-fuel cars that could run on biofuels, including locally produced ethanol. Today, 70 percent of new cars in the country are flex-fuel models, and Brazil is one of the largest growers of cane for ethanol.Analysts are unsure if the Brazilian achievement can be replicated in Europe — or anywhere else. Sugar takes far less energy to convert to biofuel than almost any product.Yet after a series of alarming reports on climate change, the political urgency to move faster is clearly growing.With an armload of incentives, the Italian government hopes that 70,000 hectares, or 173,000 acres, of land will be planted with biofuel crops in 2007, and 240,000 hectares in 2010, up from zero in 2006.Mr. Pini, the farmer, has converted about 25 percent of his land, or 18 hectares, including his “set aside” land, to Europe’s fastest-growing biofuel crop, rapeseed. He still has 50 hectares in grain and 7 in olives.He has discovered other advantages as well. In Italy’s finicky food culture, food crops haveto look good and be high quality to sell— a drought or undue heat can mean an off year. Crops for fuel, in contrast, can be ugly or stunted.“You need fewer seeds and it’s much easier to grow,” he said.英译汉参考答案欧洲竞相从农田获取燃料阿尔代亚，意大利——上个生长季节，罗马近郊植物葱茏的靠海农田，遍布成排的纤细的硬质小麦，过去用于制作高品质意粉。

2005年5月翻译三级笔译(综合能力)全真试卷答案

9. ________of his childhood home in Hannibal, Missouri, provided Mark Twain with the inspiration for two of his most popular novels.
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10. Container-grown plants can be planted at any time of the year, but ________in winter.
A should be
B would be
C preferred
D preferably
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5. ________a language family is a group of languages with a common origin and similar vocabulary, grammar, and sound system.
2012-4-11
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A Remembering
B Memories
C It was the memories
D He remembered
该题您未回答:х 该问题分值: 1
答案:B
语法应用。此处考强调句型：It is／was+强调成分+that／who；意为：是对童年家乡 (汉尼拔和密苏里)的回忆使得马克吐温产生了灵感，写出了他最著名两部小说。因此选项B 为答案。
1. English language publications in China are growing in volume and________.

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2005年5月英语三级《笔译综合能力》试题Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (25 points)This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions. The time for this section is 25 minutes.Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1. We have had to raise the prices of our products because of the increase in the cost of ______ materials.A. primitiveB. roughC. originalD. raw2. With an eighty-hour week and little enjoyment, life must have been very______ for the students.A. hostileB. anxiousC. tediousD. obscure3. Whenever the government increases public services,______ because more workers are needed to carry out these services.A. employment to riseB. employment risesC. which rising employmentD. the rise of employment4. Our flight to Guangzhou was ______ by a bad fog and we had to stay much longer in the hotel than we had expected.A. delayedB. adjournedC. cancelledD. preserved5. Container-grown plants can be planted at any time of the year, but ______ in winter.A. should beB. would beC. preferredD. preferably6. Both longitude and latitude ______ in degrees, minutes and seconds.A. measuringB. measuredC. are measuredD. being measured7. Most comets have two kinds of tails, one made up of dust, ______ made up of electrically charged particles called plasma.A. one anotherB. the otherC. other onesD. each other8. Good pencil erasers are soft enough not ______ paper but hard enough so that they crumble gradually when used.A. by damagingB. so that they damageC. to damageD. damaging9. The magician picked several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.A. by accidentB. at randomC. on occasionD. on average10. On turning the comer, they saw the path ______ steeply.A. departingB. descendingC. decreasingD. degenerating11. English language publications in China are growing in volume and ______.A. circulationB. rotationC. circumstanceD. appreciation121. Hydroponics ______ the cultivation of plants without soil.A. doesB. isC. doD. are13. To impose computer technology ______ teachers is to create an environment that is not conducive to learning.A. withB. toC. inD. on14. Marketing is ______ just distributing goods from the manufacturer to the final customer.A. rather thanB. other thanC. bigger thanD. more than15. ______ a language family is a group of languages with a common origin and similar vocabulary, grammar, and sound system.A. What linguists callB. It is called by linguistsC. Linguists call itD. What do linguists call16. In the eighteenth century, the town of Bennington, Vermont, was famous for ______ pottery.A. it madeB. itsC. the makingD. where its17. ______ get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A. ChildrenB. Children, when theyC. As childrenD. For children to18. ______ of his childhood home in Hannibal, Missouri, provided Mark Twain with the inspiration for two of his most popular novels.A. RememberingB. MemoriesC. It was the memoriesD. He remembered19. Dust storms most often occur in areas where the ground has little vegetation to protect ______ of the wind.A. from the effectsB. it the effectsC. it from the effectsD. the effects from it20. Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are a ______.A. scarcityB. minorityC. minimumD. shortagePart 2 Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences; in each sentence one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21. Shellfish give the deceptive appearance of enjoying a peaceful existence, although in fact life is a constant struggle for them.A. misleadingB. calmC. understandableD. initial22. The most striking technological success in the 20th century is probably the computer revolution.A. profitableB. productiveC. prominentD. prompt23. Scientific evidence from different disciplines demonstrates that in most humans the left hemisphere of thebrain controls language.A. groups of followersB. yearsC. countriesD. fields of study24. Public relations practice is the deliberate, planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between an organization and its public.A. completeB. relatedC. intentionalD. active25. The use of the new technology will have a profound effect on schools.A. negativeB. positiveC. strongD. useful26. If we look at the Chinese and British concepts of hospitality, we find one major similarity but a number of important differences.A. hostilityB. friendlinessC. mannerD. culture27. In just three years, the Net has gone from a playground for the local people to a vast communications and trading center where millions swap information or do deals around the world.A. businessB. shoppingC. chattingD. meeting28. Most species of this plant thrive in ordinary well-drained garden soil and they are best planted 8 cm deep and 5 cm apart.A. develop wellB. grow tallerC. matureD. bear fruit29. Motivation is the driving force within individuals that impels them to action.A. impedesB. interferesC. holdsD. pushes30. The ultimate cause of the Civil War was the bombardment of Fort Sumter.A. onlyB. finalC. trueD. special31. No hero of ancient or modern days can surpass the Indians with their lofty contempt of death and the fortitude with which they sustain its cruelest affliction.A. regardB. courageC. lossD. trick32. The service economy doesn't suggest that we convert our factories into laundries to survive.A. implyB. persuadeC. hurlD. transform33. It was rather strange how the habits of his youth clung to him still. He was 72.A. stuck toB. turnedC. led toD. gave way to34. He has a touch of eccentricity in his composition.A. essayB. writingC. characterD. manner35. Jim was a stout old gentleman, with a weather-beaten countenance.A. bodyB. skinC. shoulderD. passionate interestPart 3 Error CorrectionThis part consists of 15 sentences; in each sentence there is an underlined part that indicates an error. Below eachsentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.36. Not much people realize that apples have been cultivated for over 3,000 years.A. Not manyB. Not enoughC. Without manyD. No many37. The eastern bluebird is considered the most attractive bird native of North America by many bird-watchers.A. nativeB. native withC. native byD. native to38. All living creatures pass on inherited traits from one generation to other.A. the otherB. anotherC. othersD. other one39. Furniture makers use glue to hold joints together and sometimes to reinforce it.A. itsB. fastC. hardD. them40. The hard, out surface of the tooth is called enamel.A. outsideB. appearanceC. outerD. hiding41. The earliest form of artificial lighting was fire, which also provided warm and protection.A. hotB. sunshineC. warmthD. safe42. All mammals have hair, but not always evident.A. but it is notB. but it isC. but they are notD. but they are43. A professor of economic and history at Atlanta University, W.E.B. Du Bois, promoted full racial equality.A. economyB. economicsC. economicalD. economic44. Machines that use hydraulic pressure including elevators, dentist chairs, and automobile brakes.A. excludeB. excludingC. includeD. are included45. The first recorded use of natural gas to light street lamps it was in the town of Frederick, New York, in 1825.A. wasB. isC. it isD. were46. Although the social sciences different a great deal from one another, they share a common interest in human relationship.A. moveB. differC. changeD. varies47. Unlike competitive running, race walkers must always keep some portion of their feet in contact with the ground.A. runB. runnerC. runnersD. running race48. A promising note is a written agreement to pay a certain sum of money at some time future.A. time futuresB. futuresC. futures timeD. future time49. New York City surpassed the other Atlantic seaports in partly because it developed the best transportationlinks with the interior of the country.A. partB. partialC. partnerD. parting50. All root vegetables grow underground, and not all vegetables that grow underground are roots.A. butB. orC. asD. thusSection 2: Reading Comprehension (55 points)In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Then blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 75 minutes.Phyllis Wheatley is regarded as America's first black poet. She was born in Senegal, Africa, about 1753 and brought to America aboard a slave ship at about the age of seven. John and Susannah Wheatley bought her for three pounds at a slave auction in Boston in 1761 to be a personal servant of Mrs. Wheatley. The family had three other slaves, and all were treated with respect. Phyllis was soon accepted as one of the family, which included being raised and educated with the Wheatley's twin 15-year-old children, Mary and Nathaniel. At that time, most females, even from better families, could not read and write, but Mary was probably one of the best educated young women in Boston. Mary wanted to become a teacher, and in fact, it was Mary who decided to take charge of Phyllis's education. Phyllis soon displayed her remarkable talents. At the age of twelve she was reading the Greek and Latin classics and passages from the Bible. And eventually. Mrs. Wheatley decided Phyllis should become a Christian.At the age of thirteen Phyllis wrote her first poem. She became a Boston sensation after she wrote a poem on the death of the evangelical preacher George Whitfield in 1770. It became common practice in Boston to have "Mrs. Wheatley's Phyllis" read poetry in polite society. Mary married in 1771, and Phyllis later moved to the country because of poor health, as a teacher and caretaker to a farmer's three children. Mary had tried to interest publishers in Phyllis's poems but once they heard she was a Negro they weren't interested.Then in 1773 Phyllis went with Nathaniel, who was now a businessman, to London. It was thought that a sea voyage might improve her health. Thirty-nine of her poems were published in London as Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral. It was the first book published by a black American. In 1775 Phyllis wrote a poem extolling the accomplishments of George Washington and sent it to him. He responded by praising her talents and inviting her to visit his headquarters. After both of her benefactors died in 1777, and Mary died in 1778, Phyllis was freed as a slave. She married in 1778, moved away from Boston, and had three children. But after the unhappy marriage, she moved back to Boston, and died in poverty at the age of thirty.51. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Slavery and the treatment of the black people in America.B. The Wheatley family, including their slaves.C. The life of America's first black poet.D. The achievements of Phyllis Wheatley.52. The underlined word "respect" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.A. considerationB. disregardC. punishmentD. behavior53. According to the passage, how many slaves did the Wheatley's have?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.54. According to the passage, an unusual feature of Mary was that she ______.A. was not much older than PhyllisB. wanted to become a teacherC. was comparatively well educatedD. decided to take charge of Phyllis's education55. The underlined word "eventually" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.A. ultimatelyB. slowlyC. reluctantlyD. gradually56. Which of the following is NOT true about Phyllis in the early 1770s?A. She wrote her first poem when in her teens.B. She married in 1771.C. She became a teacher.D. She was able to get her poems published.57. The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 2 refers to ______A. publishersB. poemsC. childrenD. black people58. It can be inferred that Phyllis's trip to England with Nathaniel in 1773 ______A. did not improve her healthB. was for business reasonsC. led to books of her poems being available in AmericaD. led to the publication of her poems because the English were more interested in religious and moral subjects59. The word "extolling" is closest in meaning to ______A. welcomingB. statingC. bemoaningD. praising60. Which of the following conclusions about Phyllis is supported by the passage?A. She would have been more recognized as a poet if she had not been black.B. She would have written poetry if she had stayed in Africa.C. She went unrecognized as a poet during her lifetime.D. She only wrote religious poetry.About fifty years ago, plant physiologists set out to grow roots by themselves in solutions in laboratory flasks. The scientists found that the nutrition of isolated roots was quite simple. They required sugar and the usual minerals and vitamins. However, they did not require organic nitrogen compounds. These roots got along fine on mineral inorganic nitrogen. Roots are capable of making their own proteins and other organic compounds. These activities by roots require energy, of course: The process of respiration uses sugar to make the high energy compound ATP, which drives the biochemical reactions. Respiration also requires oxygen. Highly active roots require a good deal of oxygen.The study of isolated roots has provided an understanding of the relationship between shoots and roots in intact plants. The leaves of the shoots provide the roots with sugar and vitamins, and the roots provide the shoots with water and minerals. In addition, roots can provide the shoots with organic nitrogen compounds. This comes in handy for the growth of buds in the early spring when leaves are not yet functioning. Once leaves begin photosynthesizing, they produce protein, but only mature leaves can "export" protein to the rest of the plant in the form of amino acids.61. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The relationship between a plant's roots and its shoots.B. What can be learned by growing roots in isolation.C. How plants can be grown without roots.D. What elements are necessary for the growth of plants.62. The underlined word "themselves" in Paragraph 1 refers to ______A. plant physiologistsB. solutionsC. laboratory flasksD. roots63. The scientists found what the isolated roots need is ______A. quite naturalB. sugar, minerals and vitaminsC. some rare vitaminsD. organic nitrogen compounds64. Roots have the ability to ______A. make proteinsB. obtain fresh airC. produce inorganic nitrogenD. carry out activities without energy65. According to the passage, what is ATP?A. A biochemical process.B. The tip of a root.C. A chemical compound.D. A type of plant cell.66. The underlined word "intact" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______A. matureB. wildC. wholeD. tiny67. The use of the phrase "comes in handy" underlined in Paragraph 2 indicates that the process is ______A. unavoidableB. predictableC. necessaryD. successful68. It can be inferred from the passage that, in the early spring, the buds of plants ______A. "export" protein in the form of amino acidsB. do not require waterC. have begun photosynthesizingD. obtain organic compounds from the root69. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?A. The results of two experiments are compared.B. A generalization is made, and several examples of it are given.C. The findings of an experiment are explained.D. A hypothesis is presented, and several means of proving it are suggested.70. Where is this passage likely to be found?A. A newsletter.B. A magazine.C. A storybook.D. A novel.Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. For example, the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance is extracted from natural rose oil at a cost of thousands of dollars a pound; an identical synthetic substance can be made for 1% of this cost. Since the early twentieth century, success in reproducing these substances has created a new industry that today produces hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances.Some natural fragrances are easily synthesized; these include vanillin, the aromatic ingredient in vanilla, and benzaldehyde, the aromatic ingredient in wild cherries. Other fragrances, however, have dozens, even hundreds of components. Only recently has it been possible to separate and identit3, these ingredients by the use of gas chromatography and spectroscopy. Once the chemical identity is known, it is often possible to synthesize them. Nevertheless, some complex substances, such as the aroma of fresh coffee, have still not been duplicatedsatisfactorily.Many of the chemical compounds making up these synthetics are identical to those found in nature, and are as harmless or harmful as the natural substances. New products must be tested for safety, and when used in food, must be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.The availability of synthetic flavors and fragrances has made possible a large variety of products, from inexpensive beverages to perfumed soap to used cars with applied "new car odor."71. From the passage we can learn that ______A. natural flavorings and fragrances are not quite dearB. the limitation of natural flavorings and fragrances is clearC. the supply of natural flavorings and fragrances is adequate to meet the demandD. the cost of producing natural flavorings and fragrances is high72. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Natural rose fragrance is 100 times more expensive to produce than artificial rose fragrance.B. The most important ingredient in a rose fragrance is obtained from natural rose oil at a low cost.C. A different synthetic substance can be made for 1% of the cost.D. Natural rose oil costs the same as its fragrances.73. The industry of producing hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances probably appeared in ______A. 2000B. 1953C. 1909D. 181074. According to the passage, all the following are easier to synthesize EXCEPT ______A. aromatic ingredient in vanillaB. vanillaC. aromatic ingredient in wild cherryD. the flavor of fresh coffee75. The underlined word "duplicated" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______A. make doubleB. make a copy ofC. produce something equal toD. take from76. Why does the author mention fresh coffee in Paragraph 2?A. As an example of complex substances having not been duplicated satisfactorily.B. Because the coffee fragrance is hard to produce.C. To conclude the passage.D. The smell of fresh coffee is inviting.77. ______ a substance can be synthesized.A. Upon identifying the basic components of itB. Once chemically analyzedC. When gas chromatography is usedD. If spectroscopy is adopted78. It can be inferred from the passage that ______A. vanillin is easier to synthesize than benzaldehydeB. not all synthetic flavors are harmlessC. in general, the less components there are in a fragrance, the harder it is to synthesizeD. synthesized substances must be tested for safety only if they are used in food79. Which of the following is the best title for tile passage?A. How to Synthesize FragrancesB. Synthetic Substances Are Easy to MakeC. Natural Flavorings and FragrancesD. Synthetic Flavors and Fragrances80. Which of the following is NOT true according to the last paragraph?A. Synthetic fragrances can be used to make a used car smell like a new one.B. Synthetic flavors and fragrances have added to the varieties of products.C. Lemon soap is made out of some delicious lemon.D. It is likely that a bottle of orange juice is synthesized.Some people associate migration mainly with birds. Birds do travel vast distances, but mammals also migrate. An example is the caribou, reindeer that graze on the grassy slopes of northern Canada. When the weather turns cold, they travel south until spring. Their tracks are so well-worn that they are clearly visible from the air. Another migrating mammal is the Alaska fur seal. These seals breed only in the Pribilot Islands in the Bering Sea. The young are born in June and by September are strong enough to go with their mothers on a journey of over 3,000 miles. Together they swim down the Pacific Coast of North America. The females and young travel as far as southern California. The males do not journey so far. They swim only to the Gulf of Alaska. In the spring, males and females all return to the islands, and there the cycle begins again. Whales are among the greatest migrators of all. The humpback and blue whales migrate thousands of miles each year from the polar seas to the tropics. Whales eat huge quantities of plankton. These are most abundant in cold polar waters. In winter, the whales move to warm waters to breed and give birth to their young.81. From the passage we can learn that ______A. people migrate like animalsB. only birds migrateC. the female fur seals migrate only to the Gulf of AlaskaD. not all mammals migrate82. The phrase "An example" underlined in Paragraph 1 refers to an example of a ______A. migratory mammalB. place where animals migrateC. migrating birdD. person who associates migration with birds83. All the mammals are mentioned as migrating ones EXCEPT ______A. caribouB. fin whaleC. reindeerD. Alaska fur seal84. Where can you see from the air the migration of the mammals?A. In the Pribilot Islands.B. In the Bering Sea.C. In southern California.D. In northern Canada.85. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Whales breed in winter.B. Young whales are given birth in cold waters.C. Alaska fur seals give birth to the young only in one area.D. Alaska fur seals are born in warm weather.86. Together ______ of Alaska fur seals swim down the Pacific Coast of North America.A. mothers and the youngB. fathers and the youngC. parents and the youngD. seals and whales87. Which of the following is NOT described in the passage?A. Whales migrate to breed and give birth to their young.B. Whale-watching in Boston in summer is attracting.C. Seals breed in the north before migration.D. Reindeer feed on grass.88. Whales live on ______A. tiny plants and animals in the seaB. the grassy slopes of northern CanadaC. their young in cold winterD. the abundant seafood in tropic waters89. How many kinds of migrating mammals are mentioned in the passage?A. Four.B. Three.C. Two.D. One.90. What is the best title of the passage?A. Three Types of WhalesB. Birds MigrationC. Mammals Also MigrateD. Several Kinds of MigrationElectronic mail has become an extremely important and popular means of communication.The convenience and efficiency of electronic mail are threatened by the extremely rapid growth in the volume of unsolicited commercial electronic mail. Unsolicited commercial electronic mail is currently estimated to account for over half of all electronic mall traffic, up from an estimated 7 percent in 2001, and the volume continues to rise. Most of these messages are fraudulent or deceptive in one or more respects.The receipt of unsolicited commercial electronic mail may result in costs to recipients who cannot refuse to accept such mail and who incur costs for the storage of such mail, or for the time spent accessing, reviewing, and discarding such mail, or for both. The receipt of a large number of unwanted messages also decreases the convenience of electronic mall and creates a risk that wanted electronic mail messages, both commercial and noncommercial, will be lost, overlooked, or discarded amidst the larger volume of unwanted messages, thus reducing the reliability and usefulness of electronic mail to the recipient. Some commercial electronic mail contains material that many recipients may consider vulgar or pornographic in nature.The growth in unsolicited commercial electronic mail imposes significant monetary costs on providers of Internet access services, businesses, and educational and nonprofit institutions that carry and receive such mail, as there is a finite volume of mail that such providers, businesses, and institutions can handle without further investment in infrastructure. Many senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mail purposefully disguise the source of such mall.Many senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mall purposefully include misleading information in the messages' subject lines in order to induce the recipients to view the messages. While some senders of commercial electronic mail messages provide simple and reliable ways for recipients to reject (or 'opt-out' of) receipt of commercial electronic mall from such senders in the future, other senders provide no such 'opt-out' mechanism, or refuse to honor the requests of recipients not to receive electronic mail from such senders in the future, or both.Many senders of bulk unsolicited commercial electronic mail use computer programs to gather large numbers of electronic mail addresses on an automated basis from Internet websites or online services where users must post their addresses in order to make full use of the website or service.The problems associated with the rapid growth and abuse of unsolicited commercial electronic mall cannot be solved by the government alone. The development and adoption of techno-logical approaches and the pursuit of cooperative efforts with other countries will be necessary as well.91. According to the passage, efficiency of e-mail is threatened by ______。

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