下载文档原格式
考点12 动词ing（核心考点精讲精练）1. 高考真题考点分布考点题型动词ing语法填空年份试卷类型考点考向20242024·新课标I卷//2024·新课标II卷Recalling作状语2024·全国乙卷//2024·全国甲卷//2024·年北京卷knocking作状语20232023·新课标I卷wanting 作主语补足语2023·新课标II卷visiting作定语2023·全国乙卷Having visited；作状语Recording 作宾语2023·全国甲卷borrowing 作状语2023·年北京卷facing 作后置定语20222022·新课标I卷Covering作状语2022·新课标II卷falling 作定语2022·全国乙卷inviting 作状语2022·全国甲卷planning 作状语2. 命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于动词ing的考查共计12次，主要考查：1．动词ing作的句法功能（主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补）；2．动词ing的一些固定搭配、固定句型；3. 动词ing的各种形式及其意义。
【备考策略】1.系统归类动词ing的用法;2.熟练掌握动词ing的各种形式的意义和用法，尤其是动词ing的一些固定搭配和固定句型。
【命题预测】预测2025年高考语法填空和短文改错对动词ing考查仍然会成为的热点、重点和难点，尤其是考查动词ing一些固定搭配和固定句型；V-ing与V-ed的辨析仍然是考查重点。
必备基础知识：1）非谓语动词是具有动词的特征，因此它有时态的变化、语态的变化，各种形式具有自己的意义。
动词ing的各种形式非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义现在分词/动名词一般式doing being done其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或几乎上同时发生完成式having done having been done其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生2）非谓语动词的句法功能：功能形式主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式√√√√√√V-ing√√√√√√V-ed√√√√3）动词ing的基本意义现在分词的一般式表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生；现在分词的完成式表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前；Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.在街上走着，他听到有人叫他。
E．动词的-ing形式作定语1．单个的动词的-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般有两种含义。
①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a reading room= a room which is used for reading阅览室running shoes= shoes for running跑鞋a working method = a method of working工作方法必背：a sewing machine 缝纫机a swimming pool 游泳池a drawing board 画板a dining car 餐车a driving permit 驾驶许可证a walking stick 手杖a singing competition 歌咏比赛a waiting room 候车室②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。
developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题The working people are masters of our country. 劳动人民是我们国家的主人。
Let sleeping dogs lie. 不要惹麻烦。
必背：a disappointing play令人失望的戏剧an astonishing adventure 惊人的冒险boiling water 正在沸腾的水a sleeping baby 熟睡的婴儿a barking dog 狂吠的狗the setting sun 落日the coming week 下一周failing sight 逐渐衰退的视力2．作定语的-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面。
01概念表示正在发生的事情或动作，常和now，look，listen 连用。
eg：We are listening to music now.我们现在正在听音乐。
Listen!He is playing the piano.听！他正在弹钢琴现在进行时态。
02结构1．be +动词现在分词（即：动词-ing 形式），be +doing 是一个整体，不能分开。
2．be 随着主语的变化而变化，doing 的变化规则根据现在分词的变化规律来定。
03动词现在分词的构成规律1．一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加-ing；eg：work→workingdo→doingplay→playing2．以不发音字母e 结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing；eg：dance→dancingcome→coming3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）的动词中，要先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ing；eg：get→getting shop→shoppingrun→running swim→swimming4．以ie结尾的重读闭音节词，将ie改成y再加ing。
eg：lie→lying die→dying04现在进行时的各种句式变化1．否定句方法：直接在be的后面加not。
eg：They are running.→They are not running.2．一般疑问句方法：直接把be放在主语的前面，其余位置不变。
eg：：They are running.→Are they runnin?3．特殊疑问句方法：如果就划线部分提问事情或动作时，用What…doing?eg：They are swimming in the sea now.→What are they doing in the sea now?—We are .B.watch TV A.watching TV C.watches TVD.to watch TV（）2.Look!The little boyin the rain.A.jumpsB.runC.is runningD.runson the（）3.The children areplayground.A.playingB.playC.sleepingD.play s（）5.Look!Emm an English class now.（）4.WeA.hasB.haveC.is havingD.are havingawith her sister.A.is swimming B.swims are is swimingD.swimmingC.（）1.—What are you doing now?05现在进行时态练习（（）10.Tom）6.—the girls dancing?—No,they.They are reading books.A.is;aren’tB.are;aren’tC.Are;aren’tD.Are;are（）7.—?—They are playing basketball.A.What are they doingB.Who are theyC.How old are theyD.Where are they（）8.Listen!Emma.A.C.sleepsswimsB.D.is singing is running（）9.Spring is .There are greens treesand beautiful flowers.ingB.goingeinges with a toycar now?——No,he isn’t.He is playing piano.A.Do;plays B.Is;playC.Is;playingD.Does;play【参考答案】ACADA CABAC。
-ing做主语一、介绍-ing作为动词的现在分词形式，可以作为主语出现在句子中。
本文将探讨-ing做主语的用法和应用领域，包括其在句子中的位置、常见的搭配以及使用-ing作为主语的句型结构。
二、位置-ing作为主语，通常位于句子的开头或者紧跟在be动词之后。
例如：- Running is my favorite sport.- Eating fruits is good for your health.三、常见搭配1. 动词+ing形式作为主语-ing形式可以直接作为动词的主语，表示这个动作或状态的具体内容。
例如：- Swimming in the pool is very enjoyable.- Singing in the shower makes me happy.2. It is/was + adj. + ing形式作为主语这种句型常用来描述感受、情感或状态。
例如：- It is exciting to travel to new places.- It was disappointing to hear the news.3. There is/are/was/were + adj. + ing形式作为主语这种句型常用来描述具体的事物或情况。
例如：- There are many students studying in the library.- There was a cat chasing a mouse in the garden.四、句型结构1. S + V + -ing + ...这种结构中，-ing形式作为主语，后面可以跟上其他成分来构成完整的句子。
例如：- Jogging in the morning helps me stay fit.- Dancing with friends is a fun activity.2. It + V + adj. + -ing + ...这种结构中，it作为形式主语，后面跟上真正的主语，然后再接上其他成分。
动词ing形式作主语和宾语(知识梳理)动词--ing形式作主语和宾语动名词是非谓动词的又一种形式。
它在形式上与现在分词相同，都是在动词原形的词末加-ing。
在现代语法中，这两种形式同视为"-ing形式"。
这两种形式的另一个相同之处是：它们都是由动词变化而成的，它们都保留了动词的某些特征，它们都能带自己的宾语、状语，而构成动名词短语或是现在分词短语去担当句子成分。
动名词- 概述动名词是非限定动词的一种形式，由动词原形+ing构成。
它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称。
动名词也有时态和语态的变化，如表所示（以及物动词write为例），不及物动词没有语态的变化。
时态/语态主动被动一般式writing beingwritten完成式havingwritten having been written动名词- 动名词的结构和形式（1）逻辑主语是有生命的名词作主语时，必须用名词或代词所有格，作宾语时（尤其在口语中），也可用名词普通格或人称代词宾格。
如：Do you think my going there will be of any help? 你看我去会有什么帮助吗？（宾语）The student’s knowing English w ell helps him in learning French.这位学生通晓英语对他学法语很有帮助。
（主语）Do you mind my(me) smoking ?你介意我抽烟吗？（宾语）They insist on Mary’s (Mary) going with them there.他们坚持要玛丽跟他们一起去那儿。
（介词宾语）（2）逻辑主语是无生命名词是，通常只用名词普通格。
如：Do you hear the rain pattering on the roof?你听见雨点打在屋顶上了吗？Is there any hope of our team winning the match ?我们对赢得比赛有希望吗？(3) 逻辑主语是指示代词或不定代词this，that , somebody , someone , nobody, none, anybody,anyone 时，只用普通格。
第03讲动词ing形式作主语1．了解动词ing形式作主语的概念和用法。
2．可以依据本节课的内容来完成一些习题。
1、关于动词ing形式的根本状况(1)．动词ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。
动词ing形式在句中的语法作用：动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。
(2)．动词ing形式的时态和语态。
Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
Having studied his lessons very hard, he passed the exam.努力学习了功课, 他通过了考试。
The building being built now will be finished next month.正在建设的建筑物下个月将完工。
Having been laughed at for his lameness, the boy became shy and inhibited.那男孩因跛脚被人嘲笑, 变得羞怯。
【归纳用法】2、动词ing形式作主语(1)．动词ing形式作主语Saying is one thing, and doing is another.说是一回事，而做是另一回事。
Having a walk every day helps to make one keep healthy.每天漫步有助于一个人保持健康。
【归纳用法】动词ing形式作主语，往往表示常常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。
[名师点津]动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old.对于老人来说爬山的确困难。
(2)形式主语it代替动词ing形式作主语。
It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.劝告这种人参加我们是铺张时间。
It is no good/use regretting for the past.懊悔过去是没用的。
【归纳用法】此类句式常见的有：It's a waste of time doing sth.做某事是铺张时间It's useless/worthwhile doing sth.做某事没用/是值得的3、动词ing的复合结构作主语动名词的复合结构作主语。
形式通常有两种：Their ing to help was a great encouragement to us.他们前来关心对我们来说是巨大的鼓舞。
His/Tom's being late made the teacher very angry.他的/汤姆的迟到使老师很生气。
Jerry's not arriving on time made the people present angry.杰里未能按时到达令在场的人很生气。
【归纳用法】(1)作主语的动词ing的复合结构的确定形式为：形容词性物主代词/名词的全部格＋doing...。
(2)作主语的动词ing的复合结构的否认形式为：形容词性物主代词/名词的全部格＋not doing...。
1．In recent years, ________ (rent) clothes has bee an increasingly popular trend among people of all ages. 2．_______(slide) into the habit was easy, but it was difficult to quit the habit.3．_____________(examine) twice a year, whether it is a car, a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver should obey in this city.4．________(digitise)ancient art allows us to explore the practices of long ago.5．As I get older, ing home and ______ (be) with my entire family is the most important part of it.6．________(be) able to appreciate art is very satisfying.7．________(visit) art galleries helps you understand different cultures.8．________(draw) realistic portraits of people is very difficult.9．________(add) Beijing Opera to the basic education in China is a big step to promote traditional art.10．_________ (expose) to strong sunlight can be harmful to human skin.11．________ (design) a great flag is very difficult, as you are trying to squeeze a whole nation into a small box. 12．His ________(e) late made the teacher very angry.13．________(get) involved in a new and emerging business can be risky and also be profitable.14．________ (adapt) to school life quickly is important for freshmen, which will influence their performance. 15．It is no use______________ (reason) with him.16．________ (turn) 18 also changed the way that society viewed me.17．________(attend) training classes means costing them much money.18．Before you begin, it’s worthwhile ________(understand) the example application you’ll build.19．It’s no use ________(cry) over spilt milk.20．Many people agree that ________ (go) to a museum is a good way of learning about ancient treasures. 21．________ (play) tricks on others is something we should never do.22．________ (live) in the countryside has both advantages and disadvantages.23．________ (get) up late means missing the early bus.24．________ (collect) stamps takes a lot of his spare time.25．________ (Read)is necessary for you to expand your knowledge.26．________ (Consult)this kind of dictionary is really a piece of cake.27．In some ways, ________ (learn) to program a puter is similar to learning a new language.28．________ (make) eye contact isn’t always easy; it can feel unfortable at times, especially when you haven’t yet built a relationship with the other person.29．In a word,__________ (get) along well with your classmates is considered an important thing.30．________ (jog) through the park bees my routine.31．________(e) to Guizhou Province to teach has been quite an exciting experience for him.32．It is a waste of time ________ (persuade) him to give up the plan.33．________ (bee) aware of what causes your worry will help to reduce the stress.34．________(ignore) the differences between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.35．___________ (feed) a hungry family can be expensive.36．_______(learn) Chinese is a must, which is likely to make your living in China more fortable.37．_______(swim) is one of the best sports, which keeps me in good health.38．________ (pursue) your passion is a necessary — but not sufficientcondition for a great career, so it isessential to find your passion as a starting point.39．_____(attempt) to change someone else’s attitude towards life is a waste of time and energy.40．________(grab) this chance is what you should do now.41．________ (watch) the dolphin and sea lion shows is both educational and fun.42．_______________ (plant) more trees is good for human’s health.43．________(occupy) in designing a new robot caused the girl to have no time to play.44．________(know) how to think clearly and how to speak correctly gives one confidence.45．_______ (travel) is interesting but tiring.46．Doing exercise outdoors rather than ________ (go) on diets helps to keep you slim.47．In Chinese culture,_____(point) at others with a finger is considered to be impolite.48．________(strength) social development is an important guarantee of maintaining social harmony and stability. 49．Simply ________ (say) thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations.50．What’s more, ________ (do) housework can be a form of mental relaxation from study.51．________(take) regular exercise is good for our health.52．As I have mentioned, ________ (devote) my energy to teaching in the distant village is my desire after I retire. 53．Mary’s ________(marry) such an old man made us all surprised.54．__________(invite) to the evening party is a great honor for me.55．Look at the sign. There is no__________(swim) here.56．Not__________(give) enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much.57．Connecting to the munity as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services ________ (provide) a real joy.58．It is worthwhile for the young man ________ (pare) the two designs.59．____(set) goals will make you have more confidence in yourself.60．It is agreed that ________(read) is one of the most effective ways to enlarge our vocabulary.参考答案：1．renting【详解】考查非谓语动词。
