比较级,最高级

比较级与最高级的区别比较级和最高级是英语中用来比较程度和大小的两个形式。

它们在语法和用法上有一些区别。

1. 语法结构1.1 比较级比较级的结构如下：形容词/副词的比较级 + than + 被比较的对象例如：- She is taller than her sister.- He ran faster than his friend.1.2 最高级最高级的结构如下：the + 形容词/副词的最高级 + 名词 + in/of + 其他成分例如：- This is the tallest building in the city.- He is the smartest student in the class.2. 意义和功能2.1 比较级比较级用来比较两个或多个事物之间的差异，以表达一个相对的程度或大小。

例如：- She is taller than her sister.（她比她姐姐高。

）- This book is more interesting than that one.（这本书比那本书更有趣。

）2.2 最高级最高级用来表达某事物在同类中达到了最高程度或最小。

例如：- This is the tallest building in the city.（这是城里最高的建筑。

）- He is the smartest student in the class.（他是班上最聪明的学生。

）3. 形容词和副词的变化规则3.1 形容词一般情况下，形容词的比较级是在词尾加上-er，最高级是在词尾加上-est。

例如：- big (大) - bigger (更大) - biggest (最大)- fast (快) - faster (更快) - fastest (最快)但是，有些形容词的变化规则有一些特殊的情况，需要特别记住。

例如：- good (好) - better (更好) - best (最好)- bad (差) - worse (更差) - worst (最差)3.2 副词大多数副词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加上-er和-est。

比较级和最高级比较级和最高级是英语中用来进行比较的两种形式。

它们在表达事物之间的关系和程度时非常常见，对于表达语言的精确性和准确性起着重要的作用。

在本文中，我们将详细介绍比较级和最高级的用法和特点，并提供一些例句帮助读者更好地理解。

一、比较级的用法和构成比较级用来比较两个事物、人物或者概念之间的差异和程度。

在构成上，一般在形容词和副词的原级后面加上"-er"，有时需要在词尾加上"-er"前先去掉原级词尾的"e"。

在单音节和少数双音节形容词或副词前，可以在其前面加上"more"来表示比较级。

举例：1. Tall（高） - taller（更高）2. Fast（快） - faster（更快）3. Happy（快乐） - happier（更快乐）4. Careful（小心） - more careful（更小心）除了形容词和副词，一些形容词和副词也有特殊的比较级形式，比如“good（好）- better（更好）”和“bad（坏）- worse（更坏）”。

比较级的使用：1. 比较两个事物：Tom is taller than Jack.（汤姆比杰克更高。

）2. 比较一个事物在不同时间或者不同状况下的状态：I'm feeling better today than yesterday.（我今天感觉比昨天好。

）3. 表示递增或递减的步骤：The more you practice, the better you will become.（你练习得越多，你会变得越好。

）二、最高级的用法和构成最高级用来比较三个或者三个以上的事物、人物或者概念之间的差异和程度。

在构成上，一般在形容词和副词的原级前面加上"the"，并在词尾加上"-est"。

和比较级相似，最高级也有一些特殊形式。

举例：1. Tall（高） - the tallest（最高的）2. Fast（快） - the fastest（最快的）3. Happy（快乐） - the happiest（最快乐的）4. Careful（小心） - the most careful（最小心的）除了形容词和副词，一些形容词和副词也有特殊的最高级形式，比如“good（好）- the best（最好的）”和“bad（坏）- the worst（最坏的）”。

什么是比较级和最高级？比较级（Comparative）和最高级（Superlative）是英语中用来表达事物之间的比较关系的形式。

它们用于比较名词、形容词和副词的程度或数量。

比较级用于比较两个事物之间的差异，表达一个事物相对于另一个事物的程度更高或更低。

最常见的比较级形式是在形容词和副词前加上"-er"或在前面加上"more"。

例如：1. He is taller than his brother.（他比他的兄弟高。

）2. She speaks more fluently than me.（她比我说得更流利。

）在第一个例子中，我们使用了形容词"tall"的比较级形式"taller"来比较两个人的身高。

在第二个例子中，我们使用了副词"fluently"的比较级形式"more fluently"来比较两个人的口语流利程度。

最高级用于比较三个或三个以上的事物之间的差异，表达一个事物在一组事物中的程度最高或最低。

最常见的最高级形式是在形容词和副词前加上"-est"或在前面加上"most"。

例如：1. She is the tallest girl in her class.（她是班上最高的女孩。

）2. This is the most delicious cake I've ever tasted.（这是我品尝过的最美味的蛋糕。

）在第一个例子中，我们使用了形容词"tall"的最高级形式"tallest"来比较一个女孩和她班上其他女孩的身高。

在第二个例子中，我们使用了形容词"delicious"的最高级形式"most delicious"来比较这个蛋糕和其他蛋糕的美味程度。

比较级和最高级形容词和副词比较级、最高级1.（书P93）规则形式：一般说来，单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er/-est来构成比较级和最高级；其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more/most，如：great-greater-greatest,busy-busier-busiest,important-moreimportant-(the)most important 不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式原级good / well比较级better最高级XXXmost原级比较级最高级worstleastbad / badly/ illworseXXXXXX*以后缀-ly结尾的副词是在原形前加more/ most，如：quickly →XXX →most quickly1.形容词比较等级的用法：1)表示两者的比较：形容词的比较级+than.如：XXX)表示两者以上的比较：the +形容词最高级（+名词）+of /in…如：He is the cleverest boy in his class.3)表示两者是同等程度：as +形容词原级+as.如：He is as tall as I.2.比力级句型：1)Who / Which + be +比较级。

A or B。

如：Which is more beautiful。

Beijing or Shanghai?2)be + the比较级+ of the two。

(两个之中比较…的那一个)，如：John is the more polite of the two boys.3)The +形容词比较级…。

the +形容词比较级…（越…就越…），如：The harder you study。

the more/greater progress you make.你越努力，取得的进步就越大4)形容词/副词比较级+ and +形容词/副词比较级（越来越…）。

如：Our city is more and more beautiful.5)形容词/副词比较级+ than + any other +名词单数形，如：Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.6)形容词/副词比较级+ than + the other +名词复数形式，如：It’XXX.关于比较级的几个需要注意的问题：1）为了增强语气，在比力级前面加透露表现相差水平的状语，常见的有much。

一、比较级和最高级的讲解变化规则1．一般单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est；（1）单音节词如：small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortesttall→taller→tallestgreat→greater→greatest（2）双音节词如：clever→cleverer→cleverestnarrow→narrower→narrowest2．以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st；如：large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest4．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviestbusy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest5．其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most；如：beautiful→more beautiful→most beautifuldifferent→more different→most differenteasily→more easily→most easily注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。

例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.（2）形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。

比较级在形容词或副词前加more(如more natural,more clearly )或加后缀-er(newer,sooner )。

典型的是指形容词或副词所表示的质、量或关系的增加。

英语句子中，将比较两个主体的方法叫做“比较句型”。

其中，像“A比B更……”的表达方式称为比较级。

组成句子的方式是将形容词或副词变化成比较级的形态。

构成⒈单音节形容词的比较级以及以-ly,-er,-ow结尾的形容词在词尾加-er。

如：dark→darker; quick→quicker; clever→cleverer2. 以e结尾的形容词在词尾直接加-r构成。

如：simple→simpler3. 重读闭音节双写末位字母再加er。

如：fat→fatter；thin→thinner。

4. 多音节形容词，在其前加more构成。

如：afraid →more afraid; interesting→more interesting; pleased→more pleased。

5.少数形容词的比较级是不规则的。

good/well→better; bad/ill→worse; far→farther（表距离）/ further（表抽象）；much/many→more;little→less；old→older、elder.6.以辅音加y结尾的，把y变i，加er。

early→earlier;funny→funnier;easy→easier.clear clearer clearestsmall smaller smallestnarrow narrower narrowestnear nearer nearestlate later latest原级比较⒈由“．．．as + 形容词+ as．．．”或“．．．as + 形容词+ 名词+ as．．．”构成。

My grandpa is as energetic as a young man.Exercise is as useful a way as any other to lose unwanted weight.I try to find as much information as I can about what happened.⒉由“．．．not so (as) + 形容词+ as．．．”或“．．．not so (as) + 形容词+ 名词+ as．．．”构成。

一、形容词的比较级和最高级变化规则;1、规则变化:(1) 单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加er或est:如: small ---smaller --- the smallest(2) 以不发音的e字母结尾的加r,或st:如: late --- later --- the latest(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为I加er或est:如: easy --- easier --- the easiest(4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写最后一个辅音字母再加er或est:如: big --- bigger --- the biggest以er,ow结尾的双音节词加er 或est如: slow --- slower --- the slowest(5) 多音节词前加more或most, 副词最高级前省略the.如: important --- more important --- the most important2.不规则变化good / well --- better --- the best 好bad / badly / ill --- worse --- the worst 坏many / much --- more --- the most 多little --- less --- the least 少old --- older / elder --- the oldest / the oldest 老, 旧far --- farther / further --- the farthest / the furthest 远常见形容词比较级、最高级变化一览表1.在形容词词尾加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级:bright(明亮的)—brighter—brightest broad(广阔的)—broader—broadest cheap(便宜的)—cheaper—cheapest clean(干净的)—cleaner—cleanestclever(聪明的)—cleverer—cleverest cold(寒冷的)—colder—coldest cool(凉的)—cooler—coolest dark(黑暗的)—darker—darkest deep(深的)—deeper—deepest fast(迅速的)—faster—fastestfew(少的)—fewer—fewest great(伟大的)—greater—greatest hard(困难的,硬的)—harder—hardest high(高的)—higher—highest kind(善良的)—kinder—kindest light(轻的)—lighter—lightest long(长的)—longer—longest loud(响亮的)—louder—loudestlow(低的)—lower—lowest near(近的)—nearer—nearestnew(新的)—newer—newest poor(穷的)—poorer—poorestquick(快的)—quicker—quickest quiet(安静的)—quieter—quietestrich(富裕的)—richer—richest short(短的)—shorter—shortestslow(慢的)—slower—slowest small(小的)—smaller—smallest smart(聪明的)—smarter—smartest soft(柔软的)—softer—softest strong(强壮的)—stronger—strongest sweet(甜的)—sweeter—sweetest tall(高的)-taller-tallest thick(厚的)—thicker—thickest warm(温暖的)—warmer—warmest weak(弱的)—weaker—weakest young(年轻的)—younger—youngest2.双写最后一个字母,再加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级:big(大的)—bigger—biggest fat(胖的)—fatter—fattesthot(热的)—hotter—hottest red(红的)—redder—reddestsad(伤心的)—sadder—saddest thin(瘦的)—thinner—thinnestwet(湿的)—wetter—wettest mad(疯的)—madder—maddest3.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词,加上“r”“st”构成比较级、最高级:able(能干的)—abler—ablest brave(勇敢的)—braver—bravest close(接近的)—closer—closest fine(好的,完美的)—finer—finest large(巨大的)—larger—largest late(迟的)—later—latestnice(好的)—nicer—nicest ripe(成熟的)—riper—ripestrude(粗鲁的)—ruder—rudest safe(安全的)—safer—safest strange(奇怪的)—stranger—strangest wide(宽广的)—wider—widest wise(睿智的,聪明的)—wiser—wisest white(白的)—whiter—whitest4.以字母y结尾的形容词,把y改为i,再加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级: busy(忙碌的)—busier—busiest dirty(脏的)—dirtier—dirtiestdry(干燥的)—drier—driest early(早的)—earlier—earliest easy(容易的)—easier—easiest friendly(友好的)—friendlier—friendliest funny(好玩的)—funnier—funniest happy(开心的)—happier—happiest healthy(健康的)—healthier—healthiest heavy(重的)—heavier—heaviesthungry(饿的)—hungrier—hungriest lazy(懒惰的)—lazier—laziestlucky(幸运的)—luckier—luckiest naughty(调皮的)—naughtier—naughtiest noisy(嘈杂的)—noisier—noisiest pretty(美丽的)—prettier—prettiest silly(傻的)—sillier—silliest spicy(辣的)—spicier—spiciestthirsty(渴的)—thirstier—thirstiest ugly(丑的)—uglier—ugliest4.双音节、多音节形容词,在单词前面加上“more”“most”构成比较级、最高级:afraid(害怕的)—more afraid—most afraidbeautiful(美丽的)—more beautiful—most beautifulcareful(仔细的)—more careful—most carefulcheerful(开心的)—more cheerful—most cheerfulcrowded(拥挤的)—more crowded—most crowdeddangerous(危险的)—more dangerous—most dangerousdelicious(美味的)—more delicious—most deliciousdifficult(困难的)—more difficult—most difficultexciting(令人兴奋的)—more exciting—most exciting expensive(昂贵的)—more expensive—most expensivefamous(著名的)—more famous—most famousfrightened(受惊的)—more frightened—most frightened frightening(令人害怕的)—more frightening—most frightening hard-working(勤奋的)—more hard-working—most hard-working helpful(有帮助的)—more helpful—most helpfulhonest(诚实的)—more honest—most honestimportant(重要的)—more important—most important interesting(有趣的)—more interesting—most interesting polite(有礼貌的)—more polite—most politeterrible(可怕的)—more terrible—most terribletired(累的)—more tired—most tired5.不规则变化的形容词:bad(坏的)—worse—worst good(好的)—better—bestfar(远的)—farther—farthest (far—further—furthest)ill(病的)—worse—worst little(少的)—less—leastmany(多的)—more—most much(多的)—more—mostold(年老的)—older—oldest ( old—elder—eldest)well(好的,身体好的)—better—best一. 写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级.bad ________________ ______________________________clean ________________ ______________________________ famous______________ _______________________dirty _________________ ______________________________big __________________ _____________________________small _________________ ______________________________heavy _____________ ______________________little __________________ ______________________________hard __________________ ______________________________ happy_________________ ______________________________far ___________________ ______________________________ expensive _____________________ ________________________________ well_________________ ______________________________easy __________________ ______________________________ wide___________________ _______________________________ young_________________ ________________________________ rude___________________ ________________________________ cheap___________________ _______________________________ ugly__________________ _________________________________ busy___________________ ________________________________ old____________________ _________________________________ noisy__________________ _________________________________ interesting _____________________ _______________________________ hot____________________ _________________________________ cold___________________ _________________________________ many__________________ ________________________________ bright__________________ _______________________________ boring__________________ _______________________________ difficult_______________________ ________________________________ beautiful _______________________ _____________________________thin _____________________ _______________________________good ____________________ _______________________________strong____________________ ______________________________high _________________ _______________________warm ________________ _______________________late __________________ _______________________weak _________________ ______________________tall ___________________ ______________________short __________________ ______________________loud ___________________ ______________________lazy ___________________ ______________________quick __________________ ______________________angry __________________ ______________________ clever __________________ ______________________ smart __________________ ______________________low ____________________ __________________二、选择填空1. Which does Jimmy like _____ , Chinese or Art?A. wellB. bestC. betterD. much2. The Changjiang River is one of _____ in the world.A. the longest riverB. longest riversC. the longest riversD. longer rivers3. _____ of the two women is Mrs Brown.A. The beautifulB. The more beautifulC. More beautifulD. The most beautiful4. My mooncake is nicer _____ his.A. likeB. withC. forD. than5. You are fatter than _____ .A. heB. hisC. himD. he is tall6. He jumps _____ of the three.A. farB. furtherC. farthestD. furthest7. My hair is longer than _____ .A. my sisterB. KateC. my brother’sD. Lucys’8. There are _____ paper here .Please bring some.A. littleB. lessC. fewerD. a little9. The pen is _____ than that one.A. more cheapB. cheapC. much cheaperD. quite cheaper10.Tom speaks Chinese _____ better than Jimmy.A. moreB. veryC. a lot ofD. much11.There are _____ girls in Class Two than in Class Four.A. moreB. nicestC. mostD. best12.It’s too _____ for you to do that.A. easyB. more dangerousC. harderD. the easiest13.Who has _____ apples now, Jim, Lily or Lucy?A. muchB. biggestC. betterD. the most14.You have more rulers than me. But _____ are nicer than _____ .A. mine, yoursB. mine, yourC. my, yoursD. my, your15.Tingting is _____ than Meimei, but Meimei is _____ than Tingting.A. all, strongerB. taller, strongestC. tallest, strongD. taller, stronger16.Mother is _____ in my family.A. busyB. busierC. the busiestD. more busy17.There are _____ in the park on Sunday.A. more childrenB. a lot of peopleC. much men and womenD. many peoples18.-This blue sweater is too big for me .-Will you please show me a _____ one?A. smallB. smallerC. the smallestD. smallest19.No one is _____ Mary in the class.A. so tallest asB. as taller asC. so high asD. so tall as20. This bike is _____ than that one.A. twenty yuan dearB. twenty yuan dearerC. dear twenty yuanD. dearer twenty yuan[参考答案] CCDDA CDBCD AADAD CBBDB三、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Your classroom is _____ (wide) and _____ (bright) than ours.2.There are _____ (few) hours of sunlight a day in winter than in summer.3.Which do you like _____ (well) , maths or chemistry?4.This is the _____ (good) film I have ever seen.5.Africa is the second _____ (large) continent.6.What he said made his mother much _____ (angry) .7.I’m not as _____ (careful) as he.8.We’ve got as _____ (many) books as we need.9.Pratice as _____ (much) as you can.10.They have done _____ (much) work with _____ (little) money.11.You’re the _____ (kind) person I’ve ever met.12.He is _____ (young) than his two sisters.13.The _____ (old) I get, the _____ (strong) I seem to feel.14.The weather is getting _____ (warm) and _____ (warm) .15.Summer is _____ (hot) season of the year.[参考答案] 1. wider, brighter 2. fewer 3. better 4. best 5. largest 6. angry 7. careful 8. many 9. much 10. more, less 11. kindest 12. younger 13. older, stronger, 14. warmer, warmer 15. the hottest。

2.He is the ________(strong) boy in the class.3.Of the two coats,I’d choose the ______ (cheap)one to spare some money for a book.4.Speaking of all the songs he has written,I think this is the ______(good) one.5.Her mother is getting ________(fat) and _________(fat).6.He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _________ (bad) at English.7. Annie says sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world.8. He is one of the_________(friendly) people in the class,I think.9. A dictionary is much _________ (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange is a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (small) than a watermelon.11. The Chang Jiang River is the _______ (long) river in china.12. Sue is a little ___________ (beautiful) than her sister.13. My room is not as _________ (big) as my brother' s.14.--How difficult is physics? --I’ m not sure.-- Is it ________ (difficult) than maths? -- I don’t think so.15.-- Annie plays the piano very _________ (well).-- Sue plays it _____ (well) than Annie. and Sally plays it the ______ (well).16.Saturday is my _________ (busy) day in a week.17. Her mother is getting ____________ (fat) and ________ (fat).18. I think it’s too expensive. I' d like a _____________ (cheap) one.19. He comes to school much ____________ (early) than I20. This book is not as _____________ (interesting) as that one.21. Your classroom is __________ (wide) and ___________ (bright) than ours.22. Practice as __________ (much) as you can.23.The ________ (much), the ____________ (good).24. Nowadays(现在) English is __________( important )than any other subject, I think.25. Most of the students think a lion is much ________ (dangerous) than a bear and it is the __________ (dangerous) animal in the world26. My brother is two years __________ (old) than me.27. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.28. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.29. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.30. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.1.。