轮机英语听力与会话(新)

航海英语听力与会话第三版（问答与口述题参考答案）（问答与口述题参考答案）无限航区船舶二/三副问答题参考答案三副问答题参考答案第一章第一章1. What What’’s your date of birth? 你的出生日期。

My date of birth is --- 2. What What’’s your seaman s your seaman’’s book number? 你的队长的国籍你的队长的国籍??My seaman My seaman’’s book number is -----3. where are you from ? 你从哪里来你从哪里来??I am from ---4. What What’’s your Captain s your Captain’’s nationality? 你的队长的国籍你的队长的国籍??My Captain My Captain’’s nationality is ---5. What do you think is the most inportant thing on board?你认为什么是最重要的东西登机吗?I think the most important thing on board is safety navigation.6. Which ports do you often call at? 你常说的哪些港口你常说的哪些港口??We often an Shanghai, Xiamen, Hong Kong.7. What is your favorite TV program? 什么是你最喜欢的电视节目怎么样什么是你最喜欢的电视节目怎么样??My favorite TV program is news.8. What is your favorite Wob site? 什么是你最喜欢的网站吗什么是你最喜欢的网站吗??My favorite Web site is ----9. What is your favorite day of the week ? why?什么是一周中最喜欢的那一天吗什么是一周中最喜欢的那一天吗??为什么为什么?? My favorite day of the week is Saturday, because it is holiday.10. W hat is your favorite kind of movie?你最喜欢什么类型的电影你最喜欢什么类型的电影??My favorite kind of movie is action movies.11. W hat is your favorite kind of music? 你最喜欢什么类型的音乐你最喜欢什么类型的音乐??My favorite kind of music is pop music.12. W hat is your favorite magazine?什么是你最喜欢的杂志吗什么是你最喜欢的杂志吗??My favorite magazine is --- 13. W hat is the population of your hometow?你的人口有成年时离开了家乡吗你的人口有成年时离开了家乡吗?? There are 5 thousand people in my hometown.14. W hat is the population of your country?人口是多少你的国家人口是多少你的国家??The population of my country is 1.3 billion. 15. W hat is the best thing about your hometown? 最好的事情是什么你的家乡吗最好的事情是什么你的家乡吗??The best thing about my hometown is the weather.16. W hat is the worst thing about your hometow?最坏的事情是什麽你的成年时离开了家乡吗最坏的事情是什麽你的成年时离开了家乡吗?? The worst thing about my hometown is living price is too high.especially house price. 17. W hat hat’’s your hometow like? 你的家乡怎么样你的家乡怎么样??My hometown is a small village.18. D o you have many disasters in your country which are caused by weather?你有在你的国家许多灾害所造成的天气怎么样你的国家许多灾害所造成的天气怎么样??Yes, there are typhoon, flood. earthquake19. W hat sports do you like to watch on TV?你喜欢什么体育运动你喜欢什么体育运动,,在电视上看在电视上看??I like to watch football game on TV I like to watch football game on TV. .20. W hat do you think is the most popular sport in the world? 你认为什么是世界上最流行的体育运动吗的体育运动吗??I think playing football is the most popular sport in the world.第三章第三章1. Can you list at least three mooring lines? 你能列出至少三个系泊你能列出至少三个系泊??Yes I can. They are spring line, breast, headline, stern line.2. What should be prepared before the pilot comes on board ? 之前应作什么准备飞行员来同意吗I should prepare pilot ladder, overside (search) light, heaving line, pilot card etc. before the before the ……3. What is the maximum speed through the water that your ship can anchor withoutrisking breaking the cable?速度通过最多的水速度通过最多的水,,你的船能锚定而不冒险你的船能锚定而不冒险,,打破了电缆打破了电缆??The maximum speed through the water is 2 knots that the ship can anchor without risking breaking the cable.4. What flag should be hoisted when a vessel requires a pilot?什么应该悬挂旗帜船舶时需要一名飞行员吗要一名飞行员吗??The signal flag The signal flag ““Golf Golf”” should be hoisted when a vessel requires a pilot.5. How can a ship get in touch with a port before her arrival? 如何能取得联系船向港口在她的到来吗的到来吗??She can use VHF calling, Telex etc. to get in touch with a port …6. What ship What ship’’s particulars will pilot station usually ask for? 何船资料将飞行员站将飞行员站??通常就会向Pilot station often asks ship Pilot station often asks ship’’s maximum draft, LOA, air draft, displacement, cargo on board. ETA. Ship board. ETA. Ship’’s position etc.7. What should be reported to the pilot station?可以报道什么对飞行员车站在哪里可以报道什么对飞行员车站在哪里??Same as above (we should Same as above (we should ………………. To the pilot station) . To the pilot station)8. What should be confirmed from the pilot station ?We should confirm the ETA, pilot on board time and boarding position. Which side to rig pilot ladder etc.9. When the vessel enters the VTS area ,what is requested to report ?当船舶进入VTS 系统的区域的区域,,什么是要求报告吗什么是要求报告吗??When the vessel enters the VTS area, we have to report the ship last port of call, next port of call, ship port of call, ship’’s position s position, cargo onboard, ship’, cargo onboard, ship’, cargo onboard, ship’s draft, air draft to the VTS center. s draft, air draft to the VTS center. 10. W hat does hat does ““foul anchor foul anchor”” mean?“ Foul of anchor Foul of anchor”” means that the anchor has its own cable twisted around it or has fouled an obstruction.11. I f you are ordered: f you are ordered: ““Stand by both engines !Stand by both engines !”” how should you reply and report? 如果你命令果你命令::“站在两个引擎站在两个引擎!!”你应该怎样回复你应该怎样回复,,报告吗报告吗??If If ………………” I should reply I should reply ““stand by both engines stand by both engines”” and report and report ““both engines are stand by, sir by, sir””12. C an you list three famous canals in the world? 你能列举三个著名的运河的世界你能列举三个著名的运河的世界??Yes, the 3 famous canals are Suez Canal, Panama canal and Kiel canal. 13. W hen you request the receiver to remain on channel 16 in VHF communication ,what do you say? 当你请求接收机停留在通道高频16沟通沟通,,你会说什么呢你会说什么呢??When I request When I request……, I would say , I would say ““ please stand by VHF channel 16 please stand by VHF channel 16”” 14. H ow do you rectify the mistake in marine VHF communication?你如何纠正错误的海洋VHF 沟通沟通??If I want to rectify the mistake in VHF , I will say “ Mistake. Correction Mistake. Correction”” , Plus the corrected part of the message.15. H ow do you emphasize the important part of a messge in maritime VHFcommunication? 你怎么强调重要组成部分你怎么强调重要组成部分,,对海域messge VHF 沟通沟通??To emphasis the important part of the message in maritime VHF communication, we should say should say ““Repeat Repeat””, followed by the important part of the message. 16. W hat does hat does ““abandon vessel abandon vessel””mean?“Abandon vessel Abandon vessel”” means to evacuate crew and passengers from a vessel following a distress.17. W hat does the abbreviation ETD stand for?什么时间什么时间((代表什么代表什么??“ETD ETD”” means means ““ estimated time of departure estimated time of departure””18. W hat does hat does ““dredging of an anchor dredging of an anchor””mean? 什么是疏浚锚”的意思是什么的意思是什么??The phrase The phrase “dredging “dredging “dredging of an anchor of an anchor of an anchor”” means moving of an anchor over the sea bottom to control the movement of the vessel.19. W hat does hat does ““underway underway””mean?The phrase The phrase ““under way under way’’ means the vessel which is not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or aground.20. W hat does hat does ‘‘Dragging of an anchor Dragging of an anchor””mean?“什么拖的锚”的意思是什么 “Dragging “Dragging of anchor of anchor of anchor”” means moving of an anchor over the sea bottom involuntarily because it is no longer preventing the movement of the vessel.21. What is the d 21. What is the difference between a “radar beacon” and a “radar reflector”?ifference between a “radar beacon” and a “radar reflector”? 之间的差别是什么别是什么""雷达指标”和“雷达反射镜”? Radar beacon can transmit signals and used for locating on the shore, but radar reflector can only reflect signals used for SAR on the liferaft..22 How many objects do you 22 How many objects do you need to get a position using ‘horizontal sextant angles”?need to get a position using ‘horizontal sextant angles”? 有多少物体更能你需要找个位置用“水平穿刺视角”吗? 3 objects.23 Why is a magnetic compass kept on board when a gyro compass is more accurate? 为什么是磁罗经保存在船上当陀螺罗盘更准确吗为什么是磁罗经保存在船上当陀螺罗盘更准确吗??Because the magnetic compass can be used for emergency and adjustments.24 What do you report when the anchor has been heaved out of the ground and is clear of it'’ 你们有甚麽话当锚被抛出去了地面与清晰”Anchor aweigh.25 When preparing for anchoring what must you do before releasing the bowstoppers? 当准备锚定之前你做应该释放弓瓶塞吗当准备锚定之前你做应该释放弓瓶塞吗??Supply the power, Standby the anchor ball or light, Test the windlass, Put into the gear, Release the brake26 Would you let go an anchor from the hawse pipe if the depth was 75 meters? 你会让去一个锚从管道让去一个锚从管道hawse hawse hawse如果深度为如果深度为如果深度为757575米吗米吗米吗? ?No, we should not let go anchor from hawse pipe directly, but the anchor can be released with windlass slowly. 27 Why must you consider ship’s speed and sea depth when you release the bow stoppers? 你为什么必须考虑船的速度和海洋深度当你释放弓瓶塞吗你为什么必须考虑船的速度和海洋深度当你释放弓瓶塞吗??Because when the depth is different, we should take different measures for anchoring. And for ship’s safety, during the different phase, the speed should be different, too. 28 What must always be brought and placed close to the pilot ladder well before the pilot’s embarkation? 有什么要带来有什么要带来,,接近放置在领航梯飞行员的登机接近放置在领航梯飞行员的登机? ?The lifebuoy with the lifeline, and at night, there should be a light.29 Why is it dangerous to anchor in ice?为什么是否有危险的船锚为什么是否有危险的船锚,,在冰吗在冰吗? ?The ice can change the angle of the anchor, affect the holding power, and freeze the ship.30 What flag is hoisted when the pilot has arrived on board‘’悬挂国旗是什么当飞行员已经到了装船”Flag “H”第四章第四章1. How many classes of dangerous goods are there according to the IMDGCode ?Can you list some?多少个班级有危险货物按照《国际海运代码多少个班级有危险货物按照《国际海运代码??你能列举一些吗你能列举一些吗??There are 9 classes of dangerous cargoes divided according to the IMDG IMDG. . For example Class 1. Means explosive material, class 2. Flammable gas, class 3. Flammable liquid.2. What kind of cargo is classified as flammable cargo ? 什么样的货物被划分为易燃货什么样的货物被划分为易燃货?? Oil is classified as flammable cargo.3. Please describe the general nature of general cargo .请描述的一般特性普通货运。

第一章公共用语1.The engine room.The engine room is the heart of the ship. There are a lot of machines in there. These machines provide power or assistant for the ship's propulsion ,or the power of daily used for the crew (daily lighting /cooking…). The main engine which is the heart of the engine room, it can supply power for the ship's propulsion, so you must especially to take care of it. （The auxiliary engine like boilers which is used for producing steam, air compressors are also important. Without them the ship can't operate. So as a cadet of the engine department, you should be familiar with them, and keep them in good running condition.）2．The engine department.1) The engineer and ratings in our engine department.2) We are working hard to keep our engine tidy and clean.3) We are standing together regardless of situation.There are 11 people in our engine department. The chief engineer is in charge of the engine department. There are 4 engineers, 6 motormen and 2 electricians in our department. We work together in the engine room. We maintain the main engine and the auxiliary machine there. We often check the pressure of the fuel injectors and the temperature of the cooling water. We do repair work too. We all work hard to keep our engine room clean and tidy. We are standing together regardless of situations.3. Self-introduction.1).Your education background2).Your working experience3)Your familyMy name is…I am…years old. I come from…. I am single. I graduated from GuangZhou Marine Technical School in 2003. I have been working on board as an engineer for about 5 years. In my spare time, I like listening to the music, reading books and doing some exercises. I like my job very much.4. Y our daily work on board1) Your position on board.2) Your duties during watch-keeping and your experience.I work as an engineer on board. I like the life on board. My main work is to keep all the pipes and pumps in good condition. Sometimes I have to do some repair work such as repairing the air compressor or pump cylinders. As my experience the most common problem is the pump cylinders.5. W atch-keeping in the engine room1) The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watch.2) He has to keep everything in good order.3) He is going to hand over the shift.The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watch. He shall be able to service all the machinery. He has to maintain the machinery in good working condition. I am an engineer on board. I am in charge of deck machinery, all pumps, lifeboat, diesel engine and so on. Sometimes I have to do some repair work. When something goes wrong, I have to check and remedy it.6. Could you introduce yourself?My name is ……I am …years old. I graduated from …..University. I majored in Engineering. I have bachelor degree now.六问答1.How long have you worked on board?I have worked on board for 5 years.2.Which certificate do you have now?I have a fourth engineer certificate now.3. What is your marital status? How many departments are there on board?I'm single./ I am married.There are three departments: engine department, deck department, service department.4. How many people are there in your family? Are you married?5. How many countries have you ever been to?I've been to many countries, such as Singapore, Japan, Australia and so on.6. When did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on?I began to work on board in 2003; I have worked on many kinds of ship, such as cargo ship, container ship, passenger ship.7. How many important canals are there all over the world?There are three canals. They are Panama Canal, Suez Canal and Kiel Canal.8. Can you tell me what is the most important thing for a seafarer?I think it is safety.9.What kinds of main engine and generator engine have you worked on?Large slow speed crosshead type marine diesel engine and high speed four stroke engine for A.C generator. / I've served several models, for instance, main engine: Sulzer RTA 84c type diesel engine, 4150BCF /4110AD type generator engine.10. Which classification society is your ship registered with?She is registered with (CCS) China Classification Society.11. Have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical equipments?No, I served my job cautiously, and my colleagues were also diligent. We kept the vessel in safe operation./ Y es, I have worked on a bulk carrier that the main engine had damaged.12. How do you make your maintenance schedules?Usually, the monthly maintenance schedules are made based on the annual preventive maintenance plan and the basic occasional maintenance work(通常月度维护计划是基于年度预防维护计划和非经常性发生的工作来制定的)。

轮机英语听力与会话口语评估练习口述题第一章公共用语1. The engine room.(1) Position of the engine room on board.(2) Type of machinery in the engine room.(3) Feature of marine machinery in the engine room.The engine room is the heart of a ship. It is generally located atthe stern near the ship bottom. In the engine room, there are a lot of machinery and systems, such as the main engine, the generater engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. The main engine, also called the main propulsion plant，is the largest and most important one . The modern improvement of control systems results in machinery space remaining unattended for long periods. That is UMS2( The engine department.(1) Introduction of the importance of the engine department on board.(2) Introduction of personnel of the engine department.(3) Description of the engine department.The engine department takes in charge of the engine room. They can make the machinery especially main engine working smoothly ,and anti-pollution.The chief engineer commands the department. The second engineer ,the third engineer and the fourth all work under his order. There are also some motormen in the department. The captain is responsible for the whole ship.One of major responsibilities of engine department is to keep the machinery running safely by proper operation and maintenance . Crew members of the engine department should overhaul , operate and maintain the equipment strictly by the rules . We always keep the machines in our engine room in good order.3. Self-introduction.1).Your education background2).Your working experience3)Your familyMy name is… I am…years old. I come from…. I am single. I graduated from GuangZhouMarine Technical School in 2003. I have been working on board as an engineer for about 5 years. In my spare time, I like listening to the music, reading books and doing some exercises. I like my job very much.4. Your daily work on board1) Your position on board.2) Your duties during watch-keeping3) your experience.I work as an engineer on board. I like the life on board. My main work is to keep all the pipes and pumps in good condition. Sometimes Ihave to do some repair work such as repairing the air compressor or pump cylinders. As my experience the most common problem is the pump cylinders.5. Watch-keeping in the engine room1) The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watch.2) He has to keep everything in good order.3) He is going to hand over the shift.The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watch. He shall be able to service all the machinery. He has to maintain the machinery in good working condition. I am an engineer on board. I am in charge of deck machinery, all pumps, lifeboat, diesel engine and so on. Sometimes I have to do some repair work. When something goes wrong, I have to check and remedy it.6. Could you introduce yourself?(1) What’s your name?(2) Where did you graduate?(3) What education degree do you have?My name is …… I am … years old. I graduated from …..University. I majored inEngineering. I have bachelor degree now.第二章机舱日常业务1. Please describe the difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine. (See Fig. 2-1 and Fig. 2-2)There are many differences between the diesel engine and thegasoline engine. For example:(1)the gasoline engine is operated with four -stroke, but the diesel engine could either be operated by four or two.(2)The diesel engine is started by compressed air or electric motor, but the gasoline engine is normally started by motor and fired by spark plug.(3)The diesel engine is a large type usually, it could produce much more power than the gasoline engine, and it has high mechanism efficiency, so it's the most commonly used engine on board ship 2. Xiao Wang is a cadet of the engine department, who just graduated from Shanghai Maritime University. How do you introduce all the engine room to him? The engine room is the heart of the ship. There are a lot of machines there. These machines provide power or assistant for the ship's propulsion ,or the power of daily used for the crew (daily lighting/cooking… ). The main engine which is the heartof the engine room, it can supply power for the ship's propulsion,so you must especially to take care of it. The donkey engine likeboilers which is used for producing steam, air compressors are also important. Without them the ship can't operate. So as a cadet of the engine department, you should be familiar with them, and keep them in good running condition.3. Xiao Zhang is a three-year student majoring in marine engineering from Shanghai Maritime University. How do you introduce the equipment and machinery in the engine room?There are many machines in the engine room. The main engine is the heart of the engine room; it could supply power for the vessel's propulsion. There are a lot of donkey engines in the engine room:boilers for producing steam, fresh water generator is used to produce fresh water from seawater, air compressor is used to supply compressed air … . So as on e of engine department, you should be familiar with them, and keep them in good running condition.4. Look at the illustration and say something about the disposal of the shafting and diesel engine. (See Fig. 2-3)The power of the diesel engine is transmitted to the propeller through the transmission system. The items of transmission system include various shafts, such as the thrust shaft, one or more intermediate shafts and tail shaft. These shafts are supported by the thrust block, intermediate bearings and the stern tube bearing. The propeller consists of a boss with several blades. The thrust is transmitted along the shafting to the thrust block and finally to ship structure.5. Look at the illustration and say something about the probability of medium-speed and high-speed diesel engine. (See Fig. 2-4) When the ship is sailing at full speed, it needs four engines running. When the ship is sailing at half speed, it requires two enginesrunning. While the ship is operating at about 30 % of full speed, one engine is enough to meet its power requirement. That is, the ship can be operated with single engine, double engines, or four engines according the load condition. Generally, when the ship is sailing at sea speed, it has four engines running, while it approaches the wharf, it has two in running. 6. Look at the illustration and say something about structureof the main engine. (See Fig. 2-5)The structure of the main engine is as follows:(1) the construction mainly includes bedplate, frame, cylinders, pistons, connecting rod, main bearing and crankshaft.(2) The crankshaft rests in main bearings built into cross girdersof the bedplate. On the top of A frame there is a scavenging air box. The bedplate, frames and cylinder blocks are secured together by longtie-rods.(3) A piston consists of a lower part called piston skirt and an upper part called piston crown.7. Look at the illustration and say something about stress status of the moving parts. (See Fig. 2-6)The moving parts shown in the illustration mainly include the piston, the connecting rod, and the crankshaft. These are all critical/mainparts of the engine. According to the specific condition shown in the picture, the piston is under compression force, the connecting rod is under tension stress and compression force, while the crankshaft isunder the torsion forces.8. Look at the illustration and say the type of piston head shape in diesel engine. (See Fig. 2-7)knurled piston圆顶活塞dome head piston 凸顶活塞flat head piston平顶活塞crownhead piston(convex head piston)凹顶活塞concave head piston阶梯顶活塞9. Look at the illustration and say the types of piston ring(See Fig. 2-8) Pistons are usually equipped with piston rings. There are different kinds of piston rings in used. For example: In accordance with sub-section shape按断面形状分,it canbe divided into the following types: half keystone ring半梯形环Rectangular ring矩形环Chamfer Ring倒角环Twisted ring 扭曲环and so on. Bystructure，it can bedivided into two main types: Scraping oil ring 刮油环, Gas Ring 气环, different kindsof piston ring has different functions, but all in all it including the function of sealing, conditioning oil, Thermal conductivity (heat), Direction (bearing) 密封、调节机油(控油)、导热(传热)、导向(支承)10. Please describe the lubricating mode of main engine.Large marine diesel engines of crosshead construction generally have two systems of lubrication: a totally loss system feeding the cylinders and a circulating system lubricating the running gear and cooling thepistons. Oil is supplied to the cylinder liner wall and piston rings by means of mechanical lubricators. The lube oil to the various moving parts enables the formation of an oil film which reduces friction and wear.11. Talk about the working principle of (oil) purifier according to the picture given. (See Fig. 2-9)Oil purifiers are used on board ship to treat fuel oil andlubricating oil. The oil to be purified is first allowed to settle in a settling tank. Any large particles will settle out and can be drained every watch. After the oil has time to settle, it is passed through fine meshed wire filters to remove any coarse particles(油经过沉淀后，再通过细滤器去除大颗粒杂质). The oil is then sent to the oilpurifier.An oil purifier uses centrifugal force for separating dirt or water from oil. Oil to be purified is allowed to enter the bowl while it is rotating. The heavier components in the oil are thus forced outwards. The solid particles that are too fine to be removed by filtration are forced towards the circumference of the bowl. ( Oil purifiers usually maintain a layer of water inside the bowl to act as a seal for the oil. Without the water layer to act as seal, the oil can flow out together with the particles and be lost. There will be a ring that acts like a barrier between the oil layer and the water layer. This ring is known as dam ring or gravity disc. The most common designs have conical plates toensure the particles to clump together. The larger particles formed will weigh more and more and are able to be separated from the oil easier.)12. Talk about the working principle of oily water separator according to the picture given. (See Fig. 2-10)The oily water separator works on the principle of coalescing small oil droplets (聚结小油滴)in the water to form larger oil drops. When the oil drops becomes large enough, the lower density oil drops floats up and collects at the top of the vessel. The water remains at the lower portion and is pumped overboard. The oil layer is pumped into an oily bilge tank, which can be pumped out at an oil collecting facility when the ship arrives at a port.The separator consists of a vertical cylindrical pressure vessel (垂直的圆柱形压力容器)containing a number of inverted conical plates(反向的锥形板). The oily waterenters the separator in the upper half of the unit and is directed downwards to the conical plates. Large globules of oil separate out in the upper part of the separator while the smaller globules are carried by the water into the space between the plates.The rising velocity of the globules are carried them upwards where they become trapped by the under surfaces of plates and coalesce until the enlarged globules have sufficient rising velocity to travel alongthe plate surface and break away at the periphery.(油滴向上的速度使油水向上运动，油滴在捕集板的下表面被捕集，并开始集合，直到油滴长大至有足够的上升速度沿捕集板的表面运动并在四周分离) As the oil rises, itis caught underneath an annular baffle (在圆形挡板下面)and is led up through theturbulent inlet area by risers to collect in the dome of the separator. The water leaves the conical plate via central a central pipe which is connected to a flange at the base of the separator.13. Talk about the anti-pollution equipment on board ship.There usually is some anti-pollution equipment on board ships: they are oily water separator, incinerator and sewage treating system.(1)Oily water separators are used to ensure that ships do not discharge oil when pumping out bilge water or oily water from oil tanker preventing oil contaminated space. They should be used in conjunction with some forms of filters if greater purity is required. (2)The incinerators are used to burn the solid waste. (3)And some biological sewage treatment plants are in use at sea to treat the sewage water the whole ship produced. All these equipment perform their duties to prevent pollutions from ship to the sea. (And we must take great care about them to meet the latest legislative requirements.) 14. Talk about the operation of the ballast system.(1)The ballast system is arranged to ensure that water can be drawn from any tank or the sea and discharged to any other tank or the sea asrequired to trim the vessel. Combine or separate mains for suction and discharge may be provided. Where a tank or cargo space can be used for ballast or dry cargo then either a ballast or bilge connection will be required. (2)The system must therefore be arranged so that only the appropriate pipeline is in service; the other must be securelyblanked(安全隔离) or closed off. The automatic filling of any tank may be obtained by opening the valve of sea water main connected to the discharge main. For operating the ballast system, care must taken when we open or close the relative valves. Usually the ballast pump is centrifugal pump, so it must be operated according to the requirement.15. Talk about the operation of the bilge system.(The operation of the bilge system is an import routine work, which needs great carefulness. When it is needed, the following procedure must be strictly observed:)1) Discharge the bilge tanks one by one.2) Open and close the relevant valves when changing over to another tank according to the operation procedure.3) Stop pumping out when the bilge tank is nearly empty.4) Pay attention to the filters and mud-boxes(油泥箱) to ensure no clogging5) The discharge must meet the relative legislative requirements.6) The operation must be recorded and reported to C/E.( The duty engineer should discharge the bilges before handing overa watch. And relief engineer should check the bilge level when taking over a watch.)第三章驾机联系1. Communications with officers.In order to ensure the safe navigation of the ship, frequent communication between the engineers and officers is necessary. The usual means of communication is by telephone and telegraph. If the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails, the shipwill be endangered. The records of communication should be maintained which will provide evidence in the event of an accident at sea. Noon report is also a good means of communication between the engine room and the bridge. 2. Noon report.Noon report must be recorded every day. It is a table with three columns in it. The first one is about the daily performance data; There are six lines in the first columns, some of the data of main engine running, ship and voyage are to be entered here, such as the total revolutions and average rpm of M.E. between noons; the speed of the ship; the distance the ship has made and the distance still remains to thenext port of call; and of course the ETA which can be calculated according to the present speed and situations. The second one is about the remarks from chief engineer if he has any; and the third is the log of working hours of the main engine and auxiliary engines. 3. Take over watch.Before taking over an engineering watch, the relieving engineer should check various things.(1)He should read the standing orders and special instructions ofthe chief engineer. (2)He should be aware of all work being performed on machinery and systems. (3)He should check the level and condition of fuel, water or residues in tanks and bilges.(4)He should know the condition and mode of operation of the main and auxiliary systems (5)He should also check other necessary things.4. Hand over watch.At the completion of the watch, each member of watch-keeping should hand over to his relief, ensuring that the relief is competent to take over and carry out his duties effectively. Before going off duty, the engineer in charge of the watch shall ensure that all events related to the main and auxiliary machinery are suitably recorded. He should tell the relieving engineer the standing orders, special instructions and unfinished work, if any. If he has any reason to believe that the relieving engineer is not capable of carrying out the watch-keeping duties effectively, he shall not hand over the watch and the chief engineer shall be notified.5. Standby engine before departure.When standing-by engine for sailing, we should do various things.(1)We should check various systems and parts of the main engine.We should warm up the main engine.We should engage the turning gear and give the engine at least one complete turn. (2)After informing the bridge, we will give the main engine a brief trial on power ahead and astern.Finally, we will ring “stand-by” on the engine telegraph.6. Standby engine after sailing.(1) When do you begin standby engine?船舶抵达锚地或进港需要备车。

P35 Task 3 Topicdiesel engine and gasline engineinternal combustion engine Diesel:compressed-burning Gasoline: igniting-burningP43 Task 3 Topicfuel oil system1)Structure:double bottom tanks , heaters , tanks , filters , and so on 2)Function:settling tank---separate the solid from the oil , service tank---store the oil for using3)Safety:viscosity regulator , pressure regulating valveP61 Task 3 Topic 1lube oil system1)Reasons:form oil film , reduce friction and wear2)Functions:provide films , remove heat , neutralize acidic3)Management:centrifuged continuously , heating and settling , analysis every three monthsP73 Task 21.black smoke--incompleted combustion2.yellow smoke--highly sulphur content of fuel oil3.blue smoke--lube oil leak to fuel oil / combustion chamber4.white smoke--highly water content of fuel oilP76 Task 1 Stand by the engine1.warm up the M/E2.scavenge3.turn the M/E4.starting air system preparing5.start the generator (supply electric)6.start pumps---lube oil system , cooling water system , fuel oil system (preparing)7.test the M/E8.test the steering gearP77 Task 2-2 things to check1)parameters---temperature , pressure , revolution , power2)the condition of the systems3)the condition of the parts---sound , smokeP77 Task 3 Topic 2monitoring1)Things:(1)parameters---temperature , pressure , revolution , power(2)the condition of the systems(3)the condition of the parts---sound , smoke2)Points:normal / abnormalP86 Task 2Part A--turbochargerThe turbocharger has an exhaust gas driven turbine and an air compressor on opposite ends of a single shaft.The incoming air is compressed by the compressor,and then pass through a cooler before it travels to scavenging space.P901. mechanism troubles , working condition problemvent cock 放气旋塞indicator diagram 示功图drain cock 放残阀burnt out 烧蚀fire in scavenging box 扫气箱着火hydraulic test 液压试验break-in 磨合assembly 组装disassembly 拆卸overhaul 大修（船厂坞修）Rotterdam 鹿特丹港（荷兰，曾经世界第一大港口）daily fuel consumption 燃油日消耗cylinder liner 缸套（内壁）cylinder jacket 缸套（外壁）P94 Task 2communication--trouble shooting rm the bridge, slow down and stop the M/E, explain the troubles 2. treat the trouble(check and repair)3. Inform the bridge, restart the M/EP94 Task 3Topic--fuel injection failure1.Causes:trouble in the fuel injection pumps,fuel lines are not cleared of air,fuel oil pressure too low,fuel too cold,troubles of maneuvering gear, cylinder not firing2.Measures:check and repair/replace the injector,blow the pipe with air,regulate the oil pressure and temperature,treat the trouble of maneuveringLesson 12P98 Warming-upM/E control system consist: telegraph , control gear , meters , switchs , control panel(alarms)P98 Readingtelegraph orders（车钟令）:dead slow ahead, slow ahead, half ahead, full aheadstop, stand-by, finished with engine dead slow astern, slow astern, half astern, full asternloop 控制回路closed loop control system 闭环控制系统open loop control system 开环控制系统detector 传感器comparator 比较器regulator 调节器automatic changeover switch 自动转换开关ship’s course 船舶的航向components=partscirculating lube oil tank 滑油循环柜output 输出input 输入feedback 反馈electrical braking 电气制动（刹车）regenerative braking再生（反馈）制动surge（信号）波动lift out the piston 吊缸P102 Topicremote control system of M/E 主机遥控系统1.manual operation2.stand beside or in front of M/E 机旁操作3.engine control room4.bridge control and engine control room5.UMS=unattended machinery space 无人机舱Lesson 13P105 Task 21.generate the steam2.steam drum 汽筒water drum 水筒combustion chamber 燃烧室furnace 炉膛burner 燃烧器fresh air intake 进气口inspection port 检查口mountings 附件safety valve 安全阀---overpressure 超压lifting pressure 开启压力P105 Readingsteam ship 蒸汽机船motor ship 内燃机船exhaust gas boiler 废气锅炉（主锅炉main boiler）oil boiler 燃油锅炉（辅锅炉donkey boiler）water-tube boiler 水管锅炉fire-tube boiler 火管锅炉D-type boiler D型锅炉P109 Task 3 Topic 1water-tube boiler1) Function: generate the steam2) Components: P105-Fig.13-13) Maintenance: P109-Task11、produce electricity2、clean、dry、regularly check linesparallel 并车phase 相位in phase 同相alternator 交流发动机compressor—reciprocating condenser—shell and tube type evaporatorexpansion valvecritical temperature临界温度double refrigerant liquid outletprior to在...前面solenoid valve电磁阀central control room=engine control room集控室brine盐水/海水（sea water）chilled water冷水（cooling water冷却水）mechanical，pneumatic，electrical，hydraulicfunction---mal function故障（trouble、problem、fault、wrong）P143 Part Bdischarge the sludge immediately shorten the interval of the sludge dischargedP156 Part 11. The incinerator is used to burning the oil sludge , solid waste.2. remove ashes interval , flue gas temperaturesewage treatment plantSOPEP：shipboard oil pollution emergency plantrim 纵倾list 横倾draught 吃水stability 稳性stress 重心mooring winch 绞缆机capstan 绞盘barrel 卷缆筒windlass 锚机lanching appliance 放艇设备crane 起货机（克令吊）boom/derrick 吊杆watertight door 水密门hatch cover 舱口盖stabilizer 减摇鳍bow thruster 艏侧推器fire pump , emergency fire pumpfire mains 消防总管hydrant 消火栓international shore connection 国际通岸接头extinguisher—portable/fixedCO2 systemfireman’s outfitelectrocution 触电（生命危险）blackout 全船失电P205 Task 2 Topic 2 control unit of the steering gearETA--estimated time arrival congested waters 狭窄水域disassemble 拆卸rated speed 额定速度rated power 额定功率break-in condition 磨合情况alternator 交流发电机P2461. The second engineer and the second officer.2. before departure, on the phone.3. Yes, they do. NO problem.4. Yes, they do.5. No, it does not.6. The gangway must be lifted.P2471.The telegraph is a device used to convey orders between the bridge and the engine room.2.Orders like: ….P253withdraw = removeP260 Task 31)If the trouble is not serious,the duty engineer should keep watch also.2)If the trouble is serious,the duty engineer should take part in the repair work.P260 Reading2. We must transfer the fuel to the tank.power supply firstly: navigational equipment、steering gear、pumps for the main enginesubstitute replaceA--solidB--liquidC--gas and electricity D--metalP2771. list collision2. human factor：improper operation3. find the location、check all engines、check the oil tanksReadingIMO—international maritime organization 国际海事组织SMCP—standard marine communication phrases 标准海事通信用语1. collision2. damaged3. collided4. bow5. extent6. ballast7. stern8. hold9. plugging10. foreknock into=run into=collide 碰撞aground=gounding 搁浅hold=cargo tank/hold 货仓operational=functional 功能spare=standby 备用的abandon ship 弃船=leavelist 横倾trim 纵倾muster list 应变部署表master=captain 船长general service pump=fire fighting pump----discharge sea water overboardP295 Task 1muster list 应变部署表1.summoning 集合2.report and prepare 报告和准备3.check dress 检查着装4.lifejacket 救生衣5.lifeboat 救生艇P296 Task 21.every month2.six short、a long3.集合、报告、检查、放艇4.stop engines、close fuel outlet valves、leave engine room as the last oneISM---International Safety Management Code 国际安全管理规则1.goggles 护目镜2.helmet 安全帽3.ear plug 耳塞4.working boots 防滑靴5.gloves 手套6.protective clothing 防护服7.face mask 面罩8.harness 护具9.breathing apparatus 呼吸装置injury、slip、boots、secure、strain、lift、burns、spill、chemical、cuts、guards、sparks、gogglesRFQ—request for quotingP3201.checklist2.flanges 法兰3.scuppers4.rate5.signals6.preparation7.sounding8.connections9.barge10.capacityP322 Passage 11. The fuel is stored in bunker/oil tanks.2. Supply bunkers for ship usually is bunker/oil barge.3. Depend on the size of the ship and speed designed to voyage.4. from 150 cubic meters to 3500 cubic metersa vehicle , floatsmassive , produce powerwonder , capacity , consumptionPassage 2processed , evaluatedsent for a lab analysis ,the required standardPassage 31. The most important aspect is checklist. SMS/ISMeliminating human negligence and operation errors2. C/E3. take sounding1. scupper plugs2. forward3. analysis4. diesel oil5. rate6. trims 吃水差7. sounding8. samples9. hose10. temperaturenot exceed=no more thanWarming-up：renewed=replace untightened refitted connectedsealed uplifted outcleanedblownreadjusted realigned 重新对中Task 1：shore connections bilgesspare partsshore power Soundgas freeTestsewagecancel 取消alteration 改变withdraw=dismantal renew=replaceTask 21. items、requirements、some spare parts、time2. shore power3. oil、liquid cargo、chemical/dangerous cargo4. shipyard5. working wear….6. equipment、alarm、fire fighting system…..P348 Task 1：renewdismantlingabnormaltailshaftelectric circuits securedisolatedpressure relieved chain blockwindlassout of stock 没有库存instead=substitute 替代P351 Passage 2：1. The graving dock consist of a large basin with a gate that can be closed watertight.2. …..3. The basin is floated up , bring the ship above the water level , this is called a floating dock.Lesson 43Warming-up:1. supply compressed air 、control the ship’s course 、purify the oily water 、supply the steam 、mooring 、treat the garbageP357 Task 1：drawings installation trialsalarmlists certificates electrical explain functionspotLesson 44P367 Task 1：damage survey applicationverifyregisteredrules and regulations descriptionsurvey report dockingspecialvalidremtall=recast 重铸。

问答题：每题6分根据本人多年参加轮机英语评估口语部分的批改工作经验，以下问答题的重复率较高。

要点：一定将题目听清楚后再回答问题，回答问题要简明清晰，发音正确。

正确操作录音系统，避免“无声”现象，造成无成绩。

另外朗读：吐字清晰，语速适中，将句子读完整，别读破句子，掌握好语调。

文章前五句话最重要，一定读好，这样能给评估员一个良好的印象。

口述：看清题目，围绕主题叙述，尽量多说与主题相关的话语，千万别跑题。

一般情况下朗读得分：13~15分差生得分一般在10分以下口述得分：13~15分差生得分一般在10分以下问答得分：应在35分以上。

1. how long have you worked on board?I have worked on board for 10 years.2. what is your marital status?how many departments are there on board?I am married. There are three departments on board.3. how many people are there in your family? Are you married?There are there people in my family. Y es,I am married.4.how many countries have you ever been to?I have been to seven countries.5. how many importment canals are there all over the world?Three . the pamama ,suez and kiel.6.can you tell me what is the most important thing for a seafarer.?Safety.7.what kinds of main engine and generator engine have you worked on?Large slow speed crosshead type marine diesel engine and A.C generator.8.have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical equipments?Y es, I have worked on a bulk carried that the man engine haved damaged.9.could you list international conventions concerning marine shipping?SOLAS (the international convertion for the safety of life at sea)MARPOL (the international convertion for the prevention of pollution form ships)LOAD LINE ( the international convertion on load line)10．could you tell the usages of the STCW convention?STCW convention established an international standard for the training, certification and watchkeeping on the seafarers.11.could you list different kinds of ship’s surveys?Annual survey docking survey,special survey, damage survey.12.what does UMS stand for? Have you served UMS?UMS stands for unattended machinery space. I have severed UMS.13.have you even experienced PSC inspection? Where and when was your last inspection?Y es,Last month in singapore. 》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》1 please introduce one type of the main engineThe main engine is large bore two-stroke crosshead type with turbo charging system.2 why is the two-stroke engine widely used on board ship?Because the two-stroke engine can develop twice the power of the four-stroke engine of the same size.3 please introduce three moving parts of marine main engineCrankshaft, connecting rod, crosshead,piston4 what’s the sequence of the fo ur strokes?Suction,compression, expansion and exhaust5 please introduce four fixing parts of marine main engineBed plate, cylinder block, scavenge air box and frame.6 what is the foundation of diesel engine?The bedplate is the foundation of the engine.7 what is used for connecting the piston rod and connecting rod?Crosshead8 what is used for sealing between the crankcase and scavenging air box?The piston rod stuffing box.9 what are the two types of the cooling system?They are fresh water cooling system and sea water cooling system.10 what’s the function of the head tank in the cooling water system?Expansion and make-up of the water ,air releasing and water treatment.11 please introduce the open cooling system.Open cooling system use similar elements with closed system expect that a drain tank is used instead ofa head tank.12 please introduce the close cooling systemClosed cooling system has the engine jacket heat exhanger and circulating pump to from a continous circuite with a head tank open to atmosphere..13 please introduce the central cooling system.Central cooling system is based on same design principles with convention sea water cooling system but with a central cooler and one a additional set of pump14 how to control fuel oil viscosity of main engine?By controlling the oil temperature.15 please speak out the function of the fuel oil viscosity regulator.By controlling the oil temperature16 how does the fuel oil viscosity regulator work?By controlling the oil temperature17 please tell at least three composition of fuel oil.Sulphur, ,ash content ,cetane number18 what is the usual coolant in marine diesel engine?Fresh water ,lube oil and seawater.19 what’s the function of the lubricating oil in main engine?Provide lubricating film,remove heat from oil cooled piston,neutralize acidic products of combustion, cleanse hot moving parts of carbonaccous deposits,resist oxidation and wash away wear detritus.20 how do you clean the lube oil filters?By washing with diesel oil21 when do you clean the fuel oil filters?The filter is clogged by impurities22 why must the cylinder oil have alkalinity?Neutralize the acid products of combustion23 what’s the functio n of the cylinder oil?Lubrication, sealing and removing heat24 how do you start the air compressor?Unload starting25 what do you pay attention to when you stand by engine?Checked various pressure and temperatures ,warm up the engine, turn the engine with turning gear and so on26 do you know the reasons why the engine does not start on air?Starrting air pressure too low,incorrect timing of starting air valve,stop-valve on air line being closed and so on27 how do you change diesel oil into fuel oil?Diesel oil heated to proper temparture and open the fuel oil v/v28 how do you change fuel oil into diesel oil?Shut the steam v/v ,decrease the fuel oil temperature, open diesel oil v/v29 do you know why the diesel engine exhausts black smoke?Poor combustion due to more fuel content30 do you know why the diesel engine exhausts blue smoke?Lube oil is more than normal31 do you know why the diesel engine exhausts yellow smoke?High sulphur in oil32 do you know why the diesel engine exhausts white smoke?Water content is more than normal33 what is the function of the steering gear?It is used to control the ship’s course34 what does CPP stand for?CPP stands for controllable pitch propeller35 what’s the type of the freshwater generator?Multi-stage flash water generator36 what’s the type of the fuel oil sepatator?centrifugal37 what’s the function of the fuel oil separator?Remove water and impurities38 what’s the type of the oily water se parator?Gravity filtration and absorption39 what’s the function of the oily water separator?Prevent the ship from discharging oil while pumping out bilge-water40 what’s the function of the incinerator?Burning the oil sludge and solid waste41 what is the oil content limit when pumping out the bilge?Oil content not more than 15 ppm42 what is the hot work?The work involving hige temperature, open flames or sparks such as electric and gas welding43 why do you often carry out the water treatment for the boiler?T he impurities form scale44 what boiler is used on a motor ship at sea?The exhaust boiler is used when at sea45 what boiler is used on a motor ship in port?The dankey boiler is used when in port46 what is the function of the soot blower?Soot bolwer is used to blow away soot and the products of combustion47 what is used to connect a diease engine and a generator?coupling48 how do you fill Freon 22 into the refrigeration system?Through the special passage for Fron 22.49 why does the refrigerating compressor start and stop frequently?Lack of refrigerant, dirty iced evaporator, leaky liquid line solenoid valve50 what equipment is used to handle the anchors?windlass51 please name at least three items of deck machineryWinch,windlass,derrick,barrel52 how do you drain off air of the injection pump.By-using vent screw53 how do you clean the disc of an oil sepatator?With disc cleaner54 What should be prepared before disassembly of cylinder for main engine/anxiliary engine?Special tools, draining off the residual oil and water55 how do you manage sewage?Drop in sterilized medicine regularly, keep the blower in constant working. 》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》1. what may happen if the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails?The ship will be endangered.2 when do you need to communicate with the bridge?when the engine room has any trouble or when standby engine.3 what methods and ways can be used to communication with the bridge?Telephone and telegraph.4 why do you think the records of the communication should be maintained?Because records can serve as evidence in the event of accidents.5 do you think english is very important during the communication?Y es, English is an international language.6 when should you check the engine telegraph?When stand by engine7 how do you check the engine telegraph?We check the engine telegraph with the duty officer by answering his order8 when must you test the steering gear?When standby engine before navigation or maneuvering9 what items of the main engine should you check before starting?Check the reversing and control gear11 what should you p repare for cooling water system when”stand by engine”?cooling water should be at working level and heated to proper temperature.12 what should you prepare for lube oil system when”stand by engine”?Start the lube oil pump,fill the crankcase lube oil drain tank and sump, and so on13 how are you going to change fuel oil over to diesel oil?Preheat fuel oil to proper temperature14 why does the engine speed rise up by using fuel oil instead of diesel oil?Because the specific gravity and the heat the fuel produced is higher15 what should you do when “finishen with engine”?Ensure the telegraph is at “stop”,fuel control lever at zero, starting air lever at neutral position , turning gear engaged and so on.16 what shall we have to do when the ship is sailing in the cold zone?Preheat the oil17 how does the duty engineer correct the clock in engine room?The duty engineer check the engine room clock with the officer on the bridge.》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》1 the engine does start on air,but combustion does not immediately begin. What is the possible cause?Failure in the fuel oil system.2 please list some indications of a scavenge fire.(list at least three)Scavenge air box temperature high, exhaust gas temperature high, turbocharger surge.3 if a filter is found leaking, what should you do?Change over to standby filter.4 what’s a common trouble with a fuel pump plunger?seizure5 what actions should you take if the exhaust temperature of the main engine is excessively high?Reduce the speed,inspect the exhaust valve and fuel injector6 what is the emergency source of electrical power on board?emergency generator and emergency battery.7 where is the emergency generator located?above the main deck or on the boatdeck.8 who is in charge of emergency generator?third engineer9 in the event of blackout,what should you do at first as a duty engineer?Inform the bridge and chief engineer,start the standby generator and so on.10 in the event of blackout, what should you do as a chief engineer?Go to the engine room and take necessary measures with the staff such as start standby generator.11 what are the three elements of fire?Inflammable material,heat,and oxygen.12 what can not be used for an electric fire?water, foam extinguisher.13 how often is a fire drill required to be held in a passenger ship?once a week.14 what shall a person first do if he discovers a fire?sound the alarm15 when the fire alarm is sounded continuously,what should the engine room personel do?Muster according to the muster list.16 burning light metals should be treated as which class of fire?Class D17 burning gengrator should be treated as which class of fire?Class C18 burning diesel oil should be treated as which class of fire?Class B19 burning wood should be treated as which class of fire?Class A20 what can be used to discharge the incoming sea water overboard in the event of flooding?emergency suction valve.21 what should be firstly done in the event of flooding ?Inform the bridge and the chief engineer.22 what immediate actions should be taken for engine room flooding?Cut out the power supply,open emergency suction valve,close the seawater valve,reduce the speed of necessary,and so on.23 how often shall an abandon ship drill be conducted for a passenger ship?once a week.24 who is responsible for operating lifeboat engine?fourth engineer.25 what life-saving devices are equipment on board you ship?Life jacket ,lifeboat,life raft,buoys25 how do you test the engine for the lifeboat?Start its engine and make a reverse test.26 what can be used to clean up spilt oil in the event of oil spill?saw dust, oil felt and rags.27 what is the alarm signal for oil spill?One short blast, two long blasts, and another short blast28 what equipment should you perpare for IOPP survery?Incinerator, oily water separator, sewage tank, oil discharge mornitor..29 what should you do firstly when a man is overboard?sound the alarm, throw the buoy and so on.30 what life-saving appliances do you know?Life jacket,lifeboat, life raft,buoys.31 if you found an oil spill in the sea, how would you react?Report to the nearest port authority, take action to control pollution and so on. 》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》1 in which cases must bunkering be stopped?In case of fire,oil leakage and bad weather.2 what prepartions are required on deck prior to the bunkering operation?Block the scuppers, prepare the anti-pollution material and fire fighting equipment,and so on3 what should you do before bunkering?Make the bunkering plan4 what measures against oil pollution should be taken before bunkering?Make bunkering plan, prepare all anti-pollution equipment and materials,and prevent leakage.5 what do the terms TAN and TBN for lube oil stand for?TAN stands for total acid number, and TBN stands for total base number.6 when handling oil,what is an important consideration in order to ensure safety?Fire prevention7 what sort of documentation is involved with bunkering ?Bunkering plan, oil receipt , bunkering notice,and so on8 how do you take samples during bunkering?Open the valve and let the oil drop into the oil receivers.9 why are communications important during bunkering .Because good communication can help us prevent oil spillage10 describe how you would determine the volume of fuel loaded during the bundering operation.Sound the oil tanks,measure the oil temperature, and ship’s draft , and calculate the bunking quantity According to the tank table.13 what should you do after bunkering?Confirm the bunking quatity ,disconnect the oil pipe ,make records in the log book14 what are usually contained in a repair list?Name of the items to be repaired,position and the requiement15 name some commonly used repairing methods.Weld, grind ,machine ,polish and so on16 who will be responsible for the damage of the repaired parts if they occur within a few days after therepair?Shipyard17 what power will be supplied after docking?Shore power18 what kind of work do we usually do for docking repair?The repairing work below the water line19 during the docking repair,who usually supply fresh water?shipyard20 who is in charge of the safety code agreement for the docking repair?shipyard21 what kinds of cargo should be discharged from the vessel while proceeding docking repair?All kinds of cargo should be discharged22 when reassembling propeller,who must supervise the working course on the spot?The chief engineer,the surveyor and the chief officer.23 when you want to build a new ship,it must comply with some rules.what are they?Rules for the constructiou of sea-going steel ships,solas,marpol ,and so on,25 when and where did you have the PSC inspection.Last month in singapore26 who should be present when a boiler survey is carried out?The chief engineer and surveyor29 A ship’s survery may be divided into three basic types.what are they?Statutory survey, classification survey, notarial survey30 what does general survey usually include?Annual survey, periodical survey, damage survey and so on31 how do you bargain?The price is too high.can you give me some discount?32 what will you say if the price offered is higher than you expected?The price is too high.can you give me some discount?33 if you want to order stores and spare parts,whom will you turn to?Ship chandler34 what will you take into consideration if you want to get some stores and spare parts aboard?Delivery time, place, and quantity35 if you order some stores form the shipchandler,what should be generally listed out on the order list.Name ,specification,and quantity36 how do you usually pay for the stores and spare parts?Inform the ship owner to pay by the account.37 who will check the stores and spare pares delivered on board ship?The second engineer.38 what should be paid attention to when bunkering fuel oil?Fire prevention, and pollution prevention 》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》》1 what is STCW?STCW stands for the International Convention on Standards of Training,Cerification,and Watchkeepingfor Seafares?2 what is SOPEP?SOPEP stands for shipboard oil pullution emergency plan.3 what is IOPP? What is the valid period?It is international oil pollution prevention certificate. Its valid period is 5 years.5 what is SOLAS?The international convention safty of life at sea6 which operation should be entered into the OIL Record Book Part 1, internal transfer of fuel oil disposalof oil residues?Disposal of oil residues7 what kind of ships should be provided with Oil Record Book Part 1 ?Every oil tanker of 150 tons gross tonnage and above and every ship of 400 tons gross tonnage and above,other than oil tanker.9 what is an Oil Record Book?Oil Record Book is an importment anti-pollution document for recording shipboard oil transfer and discharge operations.10 what does ORB stand for?Oil record book11 how can an oily water separator separate water and oil?Using gravity system and conjuction with filter12 what should you do if you found a person electric shocked?We should cut off the power first,then report and take emergency action to save him13 in case of scavenge fires, what procedures should be followed?Slow down the engine ,shut off the fuel from the affected cylinders,increase the cylingder lubrication to avoid the seizure,and shut the scavenge drains.14 what will happen when the PSCO find that emergency fire pump fails to work?They will give a detailed inspection to all fire safety equipment,and the ship may be substandard and detained.15 where are the carbon dioxide extinguishers on board you ship?Engine room,central control room, cabin,and passage.17 who is in charge of the oily water separetor on board your ship?The fourth engineer18 what is the main purpose of PSC?The main purpose of PSC inspection is to keep the safety of the ship and crew and avoid the pollution to the marine environment.19 who takes charge of mainrenance and repair work of the lifeboat engine?The fourth engineer21 what does ISM stand for?It stands for international safety management23 what does SMS stand for?It stands for safety management system24 what is SMC?It stands for safety management certificate.25 what is DPA in ISM code?It stands for designated person ashore26 what is NCR in ISM code?Non-conformity Report/Record.27 what does PSCO stand for?Port state control officer28 what is the requirement of oil content pumped out overboard?Not more than 15 ppm30 what are IMO and ILO?International marine organization and international labor organization32 how often do you perform a fire-fighting drill? Who controlon the spot?Once a month . the chief engineer will control on the spot33 how often do you have a boat drill or fire drill?Once a month34 when some new rules or acts referred to your department need to be studied, who will arrange it?The chief engineer35 how often do you have a safety meerting on board you ship?Once a month36 how often do you carry out an oil spill drill?Once every three month37 what is the function of the incinerator?The incinerator is used to burn oily sludge and solid waste38 please name at least three of anti-pollution equipment on board ship?Oily water separator, incinerator, sewage tank39 how often do you have a SOPEP drill ?Once every three month41 if you find your vessel leaks out oil, what measures will you take ?We should cut off the oil supply, report it to the chief engineer,and take necessary action for the remedy.44 how often should the emergency fire pump be tested?Once a weak45 how to test the emergency fire pump?By testing the outlet pressure46 how do you deal with your bilges?The bilge water must be treated by oily water separator and then discharged overboard with the oil content not more than 15ppm47 how often should the emergency generator be tested?Once a month48 how often is the fire drill carried out on ocean –going vessels?Once a month49 which convention is the most important of all international conventions dealing with maritime safety?SOLAS75 what shall SOPEP consist of?Emergency contacts anti-pollution equipment,muster list for oil pollution,report procedure when accident occurs,and so on.。

航海英语听力与会话第三版无限航区船舶二/三副问答题参考答案第一章1.What‘s your date of birth?你的出生日期。

My date of birth is ---2.What‘s your seaman‘s book number?你的队长的国籍?My seaman‘s book number is -----3.where are you from ?你从哪里来?I am from ---4.What‘s your Captain‘s nationality?你的队长的国籍?My Captain‘s nationality is ---5.What do you think is the most inportant thing on board?你认为什么是最重要的东西登机吗?I think the most important thing on board is safety navigation.6.Which ports do you often call at?你常说的哪些港口?We often an Shanghai, Xiamen, Hong Kong.7.What is your favorite TV program? 什么是你最喜欢的电视节目怎么样?My favorite TV program is news.8.What is your favorite Wob site?什么是你最喜欢的网站吗?My favorite Web site is ----9.What is your favorite day of the week ? why?什么是一周中最喜欢的那一天吗?为什么?My favorite day of the week is Saturday, because it is holiday.10.What is your favorite kind of movie?你最喜欢什么类型的电影?My favorite kind of movie is action movies.11.What is your favorite kind of music?你最喜欢什么类型的音乐?My favorite kind of music is pop music.12.What is your favorite magazine?什么是你最喜欢的杂志吗?My favorite magazine is ---13.What is the population of your hometow?你的人口有成年时离开了家乡吗?There are 5 thousand people in my hometown.14.What is the population of your country?人口是多少你的国家?The population of my country is 1.3 billion.15.What is the best thing about your hometown?最好的事情是什么你的家乡吗?The best thing about my hometown is the weather.16.What is the worst thing about your hometow?最坏的事情是什麽你的成年时离开了家乡吗?The worst thing about my hometown is living price is too high.especially house price.17.What‘s your hometow like?你的家乡怎么样?My hometown is a small village.18.Do you have many disasters in your country which are caused by weather?你有在你的国家许多灾害所造成的天气怎么样?Yes, there are typhoon, flood. earthquake19.What sports do you like to watch on TV?你喜欢什么体育运动,在电视上看?I like to watch football game on TV.20.What do you think is the most popular sport in the world?你认为什么是世界上最流行的体育运动吗?I think playing football is the most popular sport in the world.第三章1.Can you list at least three mooring lines?你能列出至少三个系泊?Yes I can. They are spring line, breast, headline, stern line.2.What should be prepared before the pilot comes on board ?之前应作什么准备飞行员来同意吗I should prepare pilot ladder, overside (search) light, heaving line, pilot card etc. before the …3.What is the maximum speed through the water that your ship can anchor without risking breaking the cable?速度通过最多的水,你的船能锚定而不冒险,打破了电缆?The maximum speed through the water is 2 knots that the ship can anchor without risking breaking the cable.4.What flag should be hoisted when a vessel requires a pilot?什么应该悬挂旗帜船舶时需要一名飞行员吗?The signal flag ―Golf‖ should be hoisted when a vessel requires a pilot.5.How can a ship get in touch with a port before her arrival?如何能取得联系船向港口在她的到来吗?She can use VHF calling, Telex etc. to get in touch with a port…6.What ship‘s particulars will pilot station usually ask for?何船资料将飞行员站?通常就会向Pilot station often asks ship‘s maximum draft, LOA, air draft, displacement, cargo on board. ETA. Ship‘s position etc.7.What should be reported to the pilot station?可以报道什么对飞行员车站在哪里?Same as above (we should ……. To the pilot station)8.What should be confirmed from the pilot station ?We should confirm the ETA, pilot on board time and boarding position. Which side to rig pilot ladder etc.9.When the vessel enters the VTS area ,what is requested to report ?当船舶进入VTS系统的区域,什么是要求报告吗?When the vessel enters the VTS area, we have to report the ship last port of call, next port of call, ship‘s position, cargo onboard, ship‘s draft, air draft to the VTS center.10.What does ―foul anchor‖ mean?― Foul of anchor‖ means that the anchor has its own cable twisted around it or has fouled an obstruction.11.If you are ordered: ―Stand by both engines !‖ how should you reply and report?如果你命令:―站在两个引擎!‖你应该怎样回复,报告吗?If ……….‖ I should reply ―stand by both engines‖ and report ―both engines are stand by, sir‖12.Can you list three famous canals in the world?你能列举三个著名的运河的世界?Yes, the 3 famous canals are Suez Canal, Panama canal and Kiel canal.13.When you request the receiver to remain on channel 16 in VHF communication , what do you say?当你请求接收机停留在通道高频16沟通,你会说什么呢?When I request…, I would say ― please stand by VHF channel 16‖14.How do you rectify the mistake in marine VHF communication?你如何纠正错误的海洋VHF沟通?If I want to rectify the mistake in VHF , I will say ― Mistake. Correction‖ , Plus the corrected part of the message.15.How do you emphasize the important part of a messge in maritime VHF communication?你怎么强调重要组成部分,对海域messge VHF沟通?To emphasis the important part of the message in maritime VHF communication, we should say ―Repeat‖, followed by the important part of the message.16.What does ―abandon vessel‖mean?―Abandon vessel‖ means to evacuate crew and passengers from a vessel following a distress.17.What does the abbreviation ETD stand for?什么时间(代表什么?―ETD‖ means ― estimated time of departure‖18.What does ―dredging of an anchor‖mean?什么是疏浚锚‖的意思是什么?The phrase ―dredging of an anchor‖ means moving of an anchor over the sea bottom to control the movement of the vessel.19.What does ―underway‖mean?The phrase ―under way‘ means the vessel which is not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or aground.20.What does ‗Dragging of an anchor‖mean?―什么拖的锚‖的意思是什么―Dragging of anchor‖means moving of an anchor over the sea bottom involuntarily because it is no longer preventing the movement of the vessel.21. What is the difference be tween a ―radar beacon‖ and a ―radar reflector‖?之间的差别是什么"雷达指标‖和―雷达反射镜‖?Radar beacon can transmit signals and used for locating on the shore, but radar reflector can only reflect signals used for SAR on the liferaft..22 How many objects do you need to get a position using ‗horizontal sextant angles‖?有多少物体更能你需要找个位置用―水平穿刺视角‖吗?3 objects.23 Why is a magnetic compass kept on board when a gyro compass is more accurate?为什么是磁罗经保存在船上当陀螺罗盘更准确吗?Because the magnetic compass can be used for emergency and adjustments.24 What do you report when the anchor has been heaved out of the ground and is clear of it'‘你们有甚麽话当锚被抛出去了地面与清晰‖Anchor aweigh.25 When preparing for anchoring what must you do before releasing the bow stoppers?当准备锚定之前你做应该释放弓瓶塞吗?Supply the power, Standby the anchor ball or light, Test the windlass, Put into the gear, Release the brake26 Would you let go an anchor from the hawse pipe if the depth was 75 meters?你会让去一个锚从管道hawse如果深度为75米吗?No, we should not let go anchor from hawse pipe directly, but the anchor can be released with windlass slowly.27 Why must you consider ship‘s speed and sea depth when you release the bow stoppers?你为什么必须考虑船的速度和海洋深度当你释放弓瓶塞吗?Because when the depth is different, we should take different measures for anchoring. And for sh ip‘s safety, during the different phase, the speed should be different, too.28 What must always be brought and placed close to the pilot ladder well before the pilot‘s embarkation?有什么要带来,接近放置在领航梯飞行员的登机?The lifebuoy with the lifeline, and at night, there should be a light.29 Why is it dangerous to anchor in ice?为什么是否有危险的船锚,在冰吗?The ice can change the angle of the anchor, affect the holding power, and freeze the ship.30 What flag is hoisted when the pilot has arrived on board‗‘悬挂国旗是什么当飞行员已经到了装船‖Flag ―H‖第四章1.How many classes of dangerous goods are there according to the IMDG Code ?Can you list some?多少个班级有危险货物按照《国际海运代码?你能列举一些吗?There are 9 classes of dangerous cargoes divided according to the IMDG. For example Class 1. Means explosive material, class 2. Flammable gas, class 3. Flammable liquid.2.What kind of cargo is classified as flammable cargo ?什么样的货物被划分为易燃货?Oil is classified as flammable cargo.3.Please describe the general nature of general cargo .请描述的一般特性普通货运。

轮机英语听力与会话三版口述和问答题答案第一章口述1．The engine room is the heart of a ship. It is generally located at the stern near the ship bottom. In the engine room, there are a lot of machinery and systems, such as the main engine, the generater engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. The main engine, also called the main propulsion plant，the largest and most important one . is The modern improvement of control systems results in machinery space remaining unattended for long periods. That is UMS. 第二章口述1. The main difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine include: 1) the combustion medium of a diesel engine is diesel oil or fuel oil, while that for a gasoline engine is gas oil. 2) the diesel engine is ignited through compression of hot, high pressure oil/air mixture, but the gasoline engine is ignited by electrical spark plug. 3) for diesel engine, the air and oil is mixed inside the cylinder, while for gasoline engine, they are mixed outside the cylinder. 2. First, I will tell the cadet the importance the engine room. Second, I should introduce the various machinery and systems in the engine room, such as the main engine, the generater engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. Third, I will show him how to operate the various equipment and devices safely, and introduce as much safety knowledge as I can. 3. same as question No 2. 4. The power of the diesel engine is transmitted to the propeller through the transmission system. The items of transmission system include various shafts, such as the thrust shaft, one or more intermediate shafts and tail shaft. These shafts are supported by the thrust block, intermediate bearings and the sterntube bearing. The propeller consist of a boss with several blades,. The thrust is transmitted along the shafting to the thrust block and finally to ship structure. 5. When the ship is sailing at full speed, it need four engines running . When the ship is sailing at half speed, it require two engines running. While the ship is operating at about 30 % of full speed, one engine is enough to meet its power requiement. That is, the ship can be operated with single engine, double engines, or four engines according the load condition.Generally, when the ship is sailing at sea speed, it has four enginse running,whie it approaches the wharf, it has two.6. The structure of the main engine is as follows: the construction mainly include bedplate, frame, cylinders, pistons, connecting rod, main bearing and crankshaft. The crankshaft rests in main bearings built into cross girders of the bedplate. On the top of A frames there is a scavenging air box. The bedplate, frames and 1 4 cylinder blocks are secured together by long tie-rods. A piston consists of a lower part called piston skirt and an upper part called piston crown.7. The moving parts shown in the illustration mainly include the piston, the connecting rod, and the crankshaft. These are all critical parts of the engine. According to the specific condition shown in the picture, the piston is under compression force, the connecting rod is under tension stress and compression force, while the crankshaft is under the torsion forces.8. Pistons can be divided into two main classes: the crosshead type pistons and the trunk type pistons. The top surface of the crosshead piston can be flat, sunken or convex. The piston shown in the illustration is the crosshead type piston with a sunken surface. It has the advantage of increasing the air turbulance and imporvingthe oil/air mixing quality. Its disadvantage is that the cylinder volumetric clearance will be larger.9. The piston rings shown in the illustration has the shape of rectangle or trapezoid. Some of them are rounded on the external top or bottom edges. Among these piston rings, No.1 and No.2 are sealing rings, No. 3 and No. 4 are scraper rings, while the No.5 is a distributor ring. Generally, each piston is provided with five or six piston rings. 10. Large marine diesel engines of crosshead construction generally have two systems of lubrication: a totally loss system feeding the cylinders and a circulating system lubricating the running gear and cooling the pistons. Oil issupplied to the cylinder liner wall and piston rings by means of mechanical lubricators. The lube oil to the varoius moving parts enable the formation of an oil film which reduces friction and wear. 三．A In order to ensure the safe navigation of the ship, frequent communication between the engineers and officers is necessary. The usual means of communication is by telephone and telegraph. If the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails, the ship will be endangered. The records of communication should be maintained which will provide evidence in the event of an accident at sea. Noon report is also a good means of communication between the engine room and the bridge. At the completion of the watch, each member of watchkeeping should hand over to his relief, ensuring that the relief is competent to take over and carry out his duties effectively. Before going off duty, the engineer in charge of the watch shall ensure that all events related to the main and auxiliary machinery are suitalby recorded. He should tell the relieving engineer the standing orders , special intructions and unfinished work, if any. If he has any reason to believe that the relieving engineer is not capable of carrying out the watchkeeping duties effectively, he shall not hand over the watch and the chief engineer shall be notified. 1 Last year when I worked on a bulk carrier, I found the exhaust temperature of the main engine is rising quickly. There was a fire in the scavenge air box. The engine was slowed down. The fuel was shut off from the affected cylinders. I opened wide 四the inlet valve of the cooling water. The duty motorman increased the cylinder lubrication. The fire quickly burnt out. In the event of sudden stoppage of the main engine, the possible cause may be the safety protection system functioning, due to low lube oil pressure, fuel oil breakdown, blackout, overspeed and so on. Generally, we should take the following actions: first, we will carefully examine the main engine and find the causes. Second, we will take measures to remedy the trouble. Third, we will reset and restart the main engine. 3 If the turbocharger surges, the possible causes include high back pressure of exhaust manifold and low flowing quantity, rapid change in load, insufficient fuel oil, bad combustion, scavenge fire and so on. In the event of turbocharger surge, we will slow down the main engine, find the causes, and do some remedies. 8 When we start the emergency generator, we should take the following steps. First, check the lube oil and fuel oil levels, as well as the water level. Second, the selecting switch will change o ver from “automatic ” to “manual”. Third, push the starting button, and check the voltage and frequency. 9 The maintennace work of emergency battery include: 1) check the electrolyte level. 2) keep the emergency battery clean. 3) measure the voltage of the battery. 4) measure the specific gravity of the electrolyte. 5) periodically charge and discharge the battery so as to protect the plate electrode. Fire is a constant hazard at sea. It is the result of a combination of three factors, namely, inflammable material, hot spot, and oxygen. According to the material involved, fires can be divided into four classes:. For example, burning light metals will be classified as Class D, burning electric equipment classified as Class C, burning oils is Class B, and burning wood, Class A. In the event of collision, the bridge will inform the captain and the engine room immediately. The bridge should tell the engine room the striking position, damage extent and so on. The engine room should take measures accordingly. In case of engine room flooding, the engine room personnel should report to the bridge, and take actions according to the muster list. The muster list is an important document on board. It tells the crew members their position and duties in emergency situations, such as fire, collision, oil spill, abandoning ship, ship grounding and so on. For example, in case of flooding, the chief engineer should go to the engine room and be in general command.The second engineer should maneuver the main engine. Some other members should go to stop the flooding and so on. Once a containership collided with a bulk carrier. The captain of the container ship decided to abandon the ship since it was in danger of sinking. The engine room personnel stopped the engine, cut off the electric supply, closed the ventilators, released the compressed air and steam. The chief engineer collected the important documents and all engine room staff evacuated from the engine room. 2 11 17 20 21 23 The maintenance work of the lifeboat engine mainly include: 1) check the various oil levels and water levels. 2) start the lifeboat engine once every week, make it run for about five minutes. 3) 24 25 27 28 protect the engine from freezing with anti-freezing fluid. SOPEP stands for Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan.Its main contents include the person to be contacted in case of oil spill, his contacting methods such as phone number and adress, the procedure to be adopted in case of oil spill, such as the disposal methods, anti-pollution equipment and materials. The materials used for oil spillage mainly include the following: 1) the material used for cleaning up spilled oil, for example, the oil absorbent such as saw dust and oil felt.2)The material for preventing split oil from spreading out, such as oil booms. Oil dispersent is seldom used since it must get the approval from the port administration and may cause secondary pollution. In the event of a man falling overboard, the person who see the accident must shout for help, inform the bridge, throw a lifebuoy into the water and keep the man in his visual scope. The bridge should sound the alarm, and take measures to save the man, for example, slowing down, changing the direction, and lowering the lifeboat to pick up the man falling overboard. First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. The usual actions taken in the first aid include artificial breathing, stopping bleeding with bandage and so on. Once I saw a sailor who had his hand injured during the firefighting drill. I immediately help him stop the bleeding with the medicine and the bandage. 五2 When selecting the fuel oil, there are many factors to consider, such as viscosity, cetane number, calorific value and so on. Before bunkering, the engine room personnel should make the bunkering plan and other necessary preparations . The third engineer will go to the oil lighter to measure the content of all the oil tanks. During bunkering, the engine department and deck department should work cooperatively. After bunkering, the crew will flush the oil retained in the hoses with compressed air and calculate the volume of oil received. 4 Before repair, the engine room personnel have a lot of work to do.They should confirm which items in their charge are to be repaired. They will prepare the necessary spare parts and special tools. Then the second engineer will collect all the information about the repair items. After being verified by the chief engineer and signed by the captain, the repair list will be submited to the company for approval. 7 As a chief engineer, if I want to receive a new ship, I will take the following items into consideration. First, check the list of engine room equipment and machinery, as well as the list of stores and spare parts. Second, test all the devices in the engine room. Third, conduct the sea trial, collect and submit all the items of non-conformity to the company. 答案1. how long have you worked on board? I have worked on board for 10 years. which certifi cate do you have now? I have the second engineer‟s certificate. 3. what is your marital status?how many departments are there on board? I am married. There are there departments on board. 4. how many people are there in your family? Are you married? There are there people in my family. Yes,I am married. 5. how many countries have you ever been to? I have been to seven countries. 6. when did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on? I began to work on board in 2000.i have worked on bulk sarriers. 7. how many importment canals are there all over the world? Three . the pamama ,suez and kiel. 8. can you tell me what is the most important thing for a seafarer.? Safety. 9. what kinds of main engine andgenerator engine have you worked on? Large slow speed crosshead type marine diesel engine and A.C generator. 10. which classification society is your ship registered with? CCS china classification society 11. have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical equipments? Yes, I have worked on a bulk carried that the man engine haved damaged. 12. how do you make you maintenance schedules? It is based on ship‟s planed maintenance syetem and the machinery running hours records. 13. could you list international conventions concerning marine shipping? SOLAS (the international convertion for the safety of life at sea) MARPOL (the international convertion for the prevention of pollution form ships) LOAD LINE ( the international convertion on load line) 14 .could ou tell the usages of the STCW convention? STCW convention established an international standard for the training, certification and watchkeeping on the seafarers. 15.what is the purpose of classification society? Could you list some of them? The classification society works for ensuring th e safety of the crew and ship and protecting sea from the pollution. Lioyd‟s, CCS, ABS 16 could you list different kinds of ship‟s surveys? Annual survey docking survey,special survey, damage survey. 17 what does UMS stand for? Have you served UMS? UMS stands for unattended machinery space. I have severed UMS. 18 have you even experienced PSC inspection? Where and when was your last inspection? Yes,Last month in singapore. 19 what should be paid attention to in the overhaul of a cylinder. 2. Every operating must be complied with the precaution measures regulated in the SMS. 20 before entering an enclosed space such as ballast tank,what action will you take? Check the content of oxygen and ventilation. 21 please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space. 18%. 第二章1 please introduce one type of the main engine The main engine is large bore two-stroke crosshead type with turbo charging system. 2 please introduce fuel injection process of electronically controlled main engine The electronies control of fuel injection improves low- load operation engine speeding up given better engine balance and load control 3 please introduce dual fuel technology of main engine This kind of main engine can burn both natural gas and fuel oil used in large medium speed engine. 4 why is the two-stroke engine widely used on board ship? Because the two-stroke engine can develop twice the power of the four-stroke engine of the same size. 5 why is the air exchanging quality of four-stroke engine more than of two-stroke engine Four –stroke engine has an enough overlap between inlet v/v opening and exhaust v/v closing 6 please introduce three moving parts of marine main engine Crankshaft, connecting rod, crosshead,piston 7 what‟s the seque nce of the four strokes? Suction,compression, expansion and exhaust 8 please introduce four fixing parts of marine main engine Bed plate, cylinder block, scavenge air box and frame. 9 what is called a working cycle of diesel engine? The cycle refers to the operation between two fuel injections. 10 what is the foundation of diesel engine? The bedplate is the foundation of the engine. 11 what are the fouction and feature of the tie rods? Hold the bedplate,frames and cylinder blocks together to form a rigid structure.feature the tie rod is long and good tensioning strength. 12 what is the fouction of the governor? The governor can regulate the speed of the engine by controlling the fuel injected into the cylinder. 13 what is the feature of the governor? Instantaneous speed, regulating speed fluctuation, and so on 14 what is used for connecting the piston rod and connecting rod? Crosshead 15 what is used for sealing between the crankcase and scavenging air box? The piston rod stuffing box. 16 what are the two types of the cooling system? They are fresh water cooling system and sea water cooling system. 17 what‟s the function of the head tank in the cooling water system? Expansion and make-up of the water ,air releasing and water treatment. 18 please introduce the open cooling system. Open cooling systemuse similar elements with closed system expect that a drain tank is used instead of a head tank. 19 please introduce the close cooling system Closed cooling system has the engine jacket heat exhanger and circulating pump to from a continous circuite with a head tank open to atmosphere..20 please introduce the central cooling system. Central cooling system is based on same design principles with convention sea water cooling system but with a central cooler and one a additional set of pump 21 what‟s the advantage of the central cooling water system? With less equipment contacting with seawater,the corrosion problems are much reduced 22 how to control fuel oil viscosity of main engine? By controlling the oil temperature. 23 please introduce two sub-systems of the fuel oil system/ Fuel supply system and fuel injection system. 24 please speak out the function of the fuel oil viscosity regulator. By controlling the oil temperature 25 how does the fuel oil viscosity regulator work? By controlling the oil temperature 26 please tell at least three composition of fuel oil. Sulphur, ,ash content ,cetane number 27 please name at least three of main factors to select a fuel oil. Viscosity,cetane number,calorific value,sulphr,ash content,flash point,setting point,specific gravity. 28 what is the usual coolant in marine diesel engine? Fresh water ,lube oil and seawater. 29 why seawater is not used directly as a coolant in diesel engine? Because seawater is corrosive and liable to leav e deposits.to block the jackets 30 what …s the advantage of oil-cooling piston? The advantage is the same oil also can be used for lubrication and any leakage will not cause corrosive problem. 31 what‟s the disadvantage of water-cooling piston? Cooling wat er leakage can pollute the lube oil 32 what‟s the function of the lubricating oil in main engine? Provide lubricating film,remove heat from oil cooled piston,neutralize acidic products of combustion, cleanse hot moving parts of carbonaccous deposits,resist oxidation and wash away wear detritus. 33 how do you clean the lube oil filters? By washing with diesel oil 34 when do you clean the fuel oil filters? The filter is clogged by impurities 35 why must the cylinder oil have alkalinity? Neutralize the acid pr oducts of combustion 36 what‟s the function of the cylinder oil? Lubrication, sealing and removing heat 37 how do you start the air compressor? Unload starting 38 what do you pay attention to when you stand by engine? Checked various pressure and temperatures ,warm up the engine, turn the engine with turning gear and so on 39 do you know the reasons why the engine does not start on air? Starrting air pressure too low,incorrect timing of starting air valve,stop-valve on air line being closed and so on 40 what should you periodically do for the air reservoir? We should drain the condense water and make up the air regularly 41 what‟s the function of gas exchange in diesel engine? Gas exchange refers to the supply of fresh air and removal of exhaust gas 42 what‟s the function of supercharging in diesel engine? Improve the output of engine and enhance its efficiency 43 how do you operate the main engine in cold weather? Warm up the engine and keep the charge air and oil at proper temperature 44 how do you heat the main engine? By circulating the cooling water which is heated to proper temperature 45 how do you change diesel oil into fuel oil? Diesel oil heated to proper temparture and open the fuel oil v/v 46 how do you change fuel oil into diesel oil? Shut the steam v/v ,decrease the fuel oil temperature, open diesel oil v/v 47 what is the function of the turning geat? The turning gear is used to make engine operate slowly for inspection 48 how do you measure the clearance of the main bearings? By lead wire or feeler 49 how do you measure the crank deflection of the main engine? By crank deflection gauge 50 do you know why the diesel engine exhausts black smoke? Poor combustion due to more fuel content 51 do you know why the diesel engine exhausts blue smoke? Lube oil is more than normal 52 do you know why the diesel engine exhausts yellow smoke? High sulphur in oil 53 do you know why the diesel engine exhausts white smoke? Watercontent is more than normal 54 what is the function of the steering gear? It is used to control the ship‟s course 55 what does CPP stand for? CPP stands for controllable pitch propeller 56 what does VIT stand for? Variable injection timing 57 what‟s the type of the freshwater generator? Multi-stage flash water generator 58 what‟s the type of the fuel oil sepatator? centrifugal 59 what‟s the function of the fuel oil separator? Remove water and impurities 60 what‟s the type of the oily water separator? Gravity filtration and absorption 61 what‟s the function of the oily water separator? Prevent the ship from discharging oil while pumping out bilge-water 62 what‟s the function of the incinerator? Burning the oil sludge and solid waste 63 what is the oil content limit when pumping out the bilge? Oil content not more than 15 ppm 64 what is the hot work? The work involving hige temperature, open flames or sparks such as electric and gas welding 65 why do you often carry out the water treatment for the boiler? The impurities form scale 66 what boiler is used on a motor ship at sea? The exhaust boiler is used when at sea 67 what boiler is used on a motor ship in port? The dankey boiler is used when in port 68 how do you decide to overhaul the main engine generally? According to specific working condition and requirement of instruction book 69 what is the function of the soot blower? Soot bolwer is used to blow away soot and the products of combustion 70 how do you grind the valve plate of air compressor? Grind it in the path of “8” shape 71 what is used to connect a diease engine and a generator? coupling 72 what type is the most common marine refrigeration? It is the compression refrigeration 73 please introduce four components required for a compression refrigeration system. Compressor,condedser,expansion valve and evaporator 74 how do you fill Freon 22 into the refrigeration system? Through the special passage for Fron 22. 75 why does the refrigerating compressor start and stop frequently? Lack of refrigerant, dirty iced evaporator, leaky liquid line solenoid valve 76 what equipment is used to handle the anchors? windlass 77 please name at least three items of deck machinery Winch,windlass,derrick,barrel 78 how do you drain off air of the injection pump. By-using vent screw 79 how do you clean the disc of an oil sepatator? With disc cleaner 80 What should be prepared before disassembly of cylinder for main engine/anxiliary engine? Special tools, draining off the residual oil and water 81 how do you manage sewage? Drop in sterilized medicine regularly, keep the blower in constant working. 第三章1. what may happen if the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails? The ship will be endangered. 2 when do you need to communicate with the bridge? when the engine room has any trouble or when standby engine. 3 what methods and ways can be used to communication with the bridge? Telephone and telegraph. 4 why do you think the records of the communication should be maintained? Because records can serve as evidence in the event of accidents. 5 do you think english is very important during the communication? Yes, English is an international language. 6 when should you check the engine telegraph? When stand by engine 7 how do you check the engine telegraph? We check the engine telegraph with the duty officer by answering his order 8 when must you test the steering gear? When standby engine before navigation or maneuvering 9 what items of the main engine should you check before starting? Check the reversing and control gear 10 how do you test main engine? Turn on the main engine by putting in start air and give a brief trial on power ahead and astern 11 what should you prepare for cooling water system when”stand by engine”? cooling water should be at working level and heated to proper temperature. 12 what should you prepare for lube oil system when”stand by engine”? Start the lube oil pump,fill the crankcase lube oil drain tank and sump, and so on 13 how are you going to change fuel oil over to diesel oil? Preheat fuel oil to proper temperature 14 why does the enginespeed rise up by using fuel oil instead of diesel oil? Because the specific gravity and the heat the fuel produced is higher 15 what should you do when “finishen with engine”? Ensure the telegraph is at “stop”,fuel control lever at zero, starting air lever at neutral position , turning gear engaged and so on. 16 what shall we have to do when the ship is sailing in the cold zone? Preheat the oil 17 what are duty engineer going to do when “full astern”is ringing up? Cut off the oil supply,brake,reverse,and then speed up 18 how does the duty engineer correct the clock in engine room? The duty engineer check the engine room clock with the officer on the bridge. 第四章1 the engine does start on air,but combustion does not immediately begin. What is the possible cause? Failure in the fuel oil system. 2 the engine may loss power or slow down when running.what is the possible cause? Safety protection system functions due to low lube oil pressure and so on. 3 please list some indications of a scavenge fire.(list at least three) Scavenge air box temperature high, exhaust gas temperature high, turbocharger surge. 4 if a filter is found leaking, what should you do? Change over to standby filter. 5 what‟s a common trouble with a fuel pump plunger? seizure 6 if a warning of a crankcase explosion is received,what steps should be taken right away? Slow down and stop engine 7 what actions should you take if the exhaust temperature of the main engine is excessively high? Reduce the speed,inspect the exhaust valve and fuel injector 8 what kind of precaution will you take to avoid a scavenge fire? Inspect the scavenge trunk ,blow the scavenge drains and investigate the oil discharge. 9 what kind of precaution will you take to avoid a crankcase explosion? Inspect the oil mist detector regularly 10 in which cases must the main engine be stopped? The explosion of the crankcase, fuel or lube oil pipes leaking,an so on. 11 what is the emergency source of electrical power on board? emergency generator and emergency battery.12 where is the emergency generator located? \ above the main deck or on the boatdeck. 13 who is in charge of emergency generator? third engineer 14 what equipment should be first provided with electricity by emergency generator? Driving motors of emergency bilge punps,navigation apparatus,steering gear and fire fighting equipment,communication system,alarm system and so on. 15 in the event of blackout,what should you do at first as a duty engineer? Inform the bridge and chief engineer,start the standby generator and so on. 16 in the event of blackout, what should you do as a chief engineer? Go to the engine room and take necessary measures with the staff such as start standby generator. 17 what are the three elements of fire? Inflammable material,heat,and oxygen. 18 what can not be used for an electric fire? water, foam extinguisher. 19 how often is a fire drill required to be held in a passenger ship? once a week. 20 what shall a person first do if he discovers a fire? sound the alarm 21 what does a muster list show? muster station, duties, and alarm signals 22 what fixed fire fighting appliances do you know? fixed CO2 appliance, water spray extinguishing system. 23 what can be used to put out a fire? fixed fire fighting appliance, and portable fire extinguishers. 24 As soon as you hear the fire and emergency signal,what should you ensure? We should ensure safety and muster according to the muster list. 25 when the fire alarm is sounded continuously,what should the engine room personel do? Muster according to the muster list. 26 burning light metals should be treated as which class of fire? Class D 27 burning gengrator should be treated as which class of fire? Class C 28 burning diesel oil should be treated as which class of fire? Class B 29 burning wood should be treated as which class of fire? Class A 30 how do you put it out when you come across the fire caused by electrical equipment? In case of the power being cut off,put out the fire by water or foam extinguisher. in case of the power not being cut off ,put out the fire by CO2 or dry powder extinguisher. 31 what will the accumulation of dirt on electrical equipment result in ? Insulation breakdown,leaking currents,possibly an earth。

《轮机英语听力与会话（轮机长）》课程标准【课程名称】轮机英语听力与会话【英文名称】Marine Engineering English Listening and Speaking【课程类型】必修课、职业能力素质课【适用专业】轮机工程技术【总学时】70 学时（理论学时：66 机动学时：4）【前导课程】《大学英语阅读》、《大学英语听力》、《大学英语口语》1．课程性质轮机英语听力与会话是轮机工程技术专业学生的重要专业课之一。

学生在经过基础英语阶段的学习以后，通过本课程的学习，能够听懂并理解轮机工程专业所涉及的英文内容，掌握中心大意，理解其中重要关键信息；并且能够进行有效的面对面的口语沟通和交流。

发音基本准确，语言基本流畅，表意基本完整。

使学生达到教学计划中本课程所涉及的知识、能力与素质要求，基本掌握能够履行船舶轮机长职责足够的专业英语知识，满足《1978年海员培训，发证和值班标准国际公约》和95年修正案（简称STCW78/95公约）要求。

2．设计思路1）以职业能力培养为导向，开展练中学、练中教，教、学、练结合，理论讲授与语言应用练习交替互动的教学模式。

2）以课程目标和船舶轮机长岗位的真实工作任务作为选择课程内容的标准。

3）以高职学生的认知规律和职业技能培养目标作为课程内容模块化的依据来序化教学内容。

4）优化教学设计，充分利用教学资源，提高学生专业英语适岗适任能力，培养学生职业英语综合素质。

3．课程目标3.1 知识目标通过学习，使学生了解和掌握以下内容的专业英语：I。

公共用语1）日常用语2）日常对外业务用语3）船东面试时用语II。

机舱日常业务1）主机系统①轮机设备部件名称②主机燃油系统操作与管理③主机冷却水系统操作与管理④主机润滑油系统操作与管理⑤主机起动空气系统操作与管理⑥主机运行工况监测⑦主机换气、增压系统操作与管理⑧主机故障排除⑨主机维护保养⑩主机智能设备操作2）辅助设备①锅炉的操作与管理①发电柴油机的操作与管理①空调和制冷系统的操作与管理①空压机的操作与管理①造水机的操作与管理①分油机的操作与管理①油水分离器的操作与管理①焚烧炉的操作与管理①生活污水处理装置的操作与管理①舵机的操作与管理①压载水系统操作与管理①舱底水系统操作与管理①甲板机械的维护与管理①电气设备的操作与管理①电气设备的安全注意事项①消防水系统的操作与管理①生活日用水系统的操作与管理III。

全国海船船员适任证书国家统考轮机英语听力与会话试题解答（适用无限航区750KW及以上船舶三管轮）陆宝成编航海学院轮机教研室2010年3月1日目录第一部分轮机英语听力与会话试题解答 (3)第一章公共英语 (3)五、口述题答案 (3)六、问答题答案 (3)第二章机舱日常业务 (4)四、口述 (4)五、问答题答案 (6)第三章驾机联系 (10)四、口述题答案 (10)五、问答题答案 (12)第四章应急用语 (12)四、口述题答案 (12)五、问答题答案 (16)第五章对外业务联系 (19)四、口述题答案 (19)五、问答题答案 (21)第六章PSC/ISM检查 (23)四、口述题答案 (23)五、问答题答案 (25)第二部分船员面试手册 (28)第三部分轮机英语试题库外试题 (35)1．MARPOL 73/78公约补充题： (35)第一部分轮机英语听力与会话试题解答第一章公共英语五、口述题答案1.The position of the engine room on board is usually at the aft part of the ship.There are a lot of types of marine machinery.The diesel engine for propulsion is called the main engine.Other various machines are called auxiliary machinery.These machines are required for steering, cargo handling, power generation and so on.The feature of marine machinery in the engine room is that it has a wide variety.2.The engine department on board is very important.Without it, a ship cannot sail at sea nor do anything else.The personnel of the engine department include four engineers and several ratings.The chief engineer is the head of the engine department.The work in the engine department is related to machines and equipment.It is to control machines and systems and to keep them in good order.3.I’m an engineer of sea-going ships.I graduated from Binzhou polytechnic college.I have been a seaman for three years.And I have worked as a third engineer for one year.There are three people in my family.I’m single and looking for a nice girl to marry.4.My position on board is the fourth engineer.One of my shifts is from 0800 hours to 1200 hours.The other shift is from 2000 hours to 2400 hours.I’m in charge of the boiler, incinerator, oily water separator and other equipment on board.I have worked as a fourth engineer for one year.And I have worked on various kinds of cargo ships, (such as bulk carriers, container ships, general cargo ships, tankers, and so on.)5.The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watch.For example, a fourth engineer works from 0800 hours to 1200 hours.He also works from 2000 hours to 2400 hours.He has to keep everything in good order.If anything goes wrong, he has to deal with it or report it to the chief engineer.At the end of the watch, he is going to hand over the shift.The third engineer will go on the next shift.6.I’m glad to introduce myself.My name is _____.I’m ____ years old.I graduated from Binzhou polytechnic college.I hav en’t got any educational degree.Now I’m a fouth engineer on board.I love my job.六、问答题答案1. I have worked on board for three years.2. Now I have a fourth engineer’s certificate.3. I’m single. There are three departments on board.4. There are three people in my family. No, I’m single.5. I’ve been to ten countries.6. I began to work on board in 2009. I have worked on various kinds of cargo ships, (such as bulk carriers, container ships, general cargo ships, tankers, etc.)7. There are two important canals all over the world. They are Panama Canal and Suez Canal.8. Yes, of course. The most important thing for a seafarer is safety.9. I have worked on main engine SULZER RTA58 and generator engine B&W L23/30.10. Our ship is registered with CCS (LR, BV, ABS, and DNV).11. No, I have not worked on any ship with damage in critical equipment.12. I make our maintenance schedules according to the rules and equipment situations.13. Yes, of course. The international conventions concerning marine shipping include SOLAS, STCW, MARPOL, and so on.14. Yes, of course. The usages of the STCW conven tion are in seafarers’ training, certification and watchkeeping.15. The purpose of Classification Society is to carry out surveys in accordance with the rules and regulations for the safety of ships. Some of them are CCS, LR, BV and ABS.16. Yes, of course. Different kinds of ships’ surveys include initial survey, annual survey, intermediate survey, and special survey.17. UMS stands for unattended machinery space. I haven’t served any UMS.18. Yes, I have experienced PSC inspection. The last inspection I experienced was in the port of osaka in 2009.19. In the overhaul of a cylinder, we should pay attention to safety precautions and the manufacturers’ instructions.20. Before entering an enclosed space such as a ballast tank, I will check the oxygen content in it first.21. The minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space is 18 percent.第二章机舱日常业务四、口述1.The difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine are mainly as follows:The diesel engine uses diesel oil as fuel but the gasoline engine uses gasoline.During the suction stroke, the diesel engine admits air only, but the gasoline engine admits a combustible mixture of air and gasoline.After compression, a fine spray of fuel injected into the diesel engine cylinder is ignited by the heat in the cylinder.A gasoline engine needs spark plugs to ignite the combustible mixture in the cylinder.The compression ratio of a diesel engine is higher than that of a gasoline engine.So a diesel engine is bigger than a gasoline engine.2.I will introduce the engine room to Xiao Wang in this way:This is the economizer, standing just in front of the door.Down the staircase, there is a boiler.Going down some more, you will find a passage leading to the steering gear room.Moving down another flight of stairs, you will come to the level of main engine cylinder heads.Up from there, there are diesel generators.The fresh water generator is also on the same level.And there are a lot of other machines for me to introduce to Xiao Wang.3.I will introduce the equipment and machinery in the engine room in this way:There are hundreds of machines in the engine room.The main engine is the heart of the engine room.It supplies power for the vessel’s propulsion.Boilers are used for producing steam.A fresh water generator is used to produce fresh water from seawater.An air compressor is to supply compressed air.Steering gears are for the control of the ship’s course.4.I will say something about the disposal of the shafting and diesel engine.The main diesel engine is with a thrust shaft as an integral part.The thrust shaft is bolted to an intermediate shaft.The intermediate shaft is supported by intermediate tunnel bearings.The sterntube bearing supports the tailshaft and part of the propeller weight.Sterntube seals are fitted at the outboard and inboard ends of the tailshaft.5.Medium- and high-speed diesel engines can be arranged as single-engine propulsion.But they are probably arranged as two-, even three- or four-engine propulsion.The illustration shows a kind of four engine propulsion.These engines are connected with a reduction gear.Through the reduction gear, the propelling speed is reduced and the torque is increased.One of the advantages of this arrangement is that compact systems can be used.6.This is an illustration of the structure of a main engine.In the picture, Part 1 and Part 3 form the crankcase.Part 2 is the main bearing housing.Part 10 is the crankshaft.Part 8 is the connecting rod.The connecting rod is connected with Part 6, the piston, through Part 7, the piston pin.The piston is moving in Part 4, the cylinder liner.There are a lot of other parts in the picture.7.This picture illustrates the stress status of the moving parts of an engine.The moving parts are stressed by two major forces.One is the compressive force from the gas in the cylinder.The other is the inertia force of the moving parts.The resultant force of the two can be divided into Force N and Force S.Force S compresses or stretches the connecting rod.And it can be further divided into Force T and Force K.Force K exerts a bending stress on the crankshaft.8.This picture illustrates the shape of a piston head.There are four piston ring grooves in the head.The top of the piston head is concave, like a bowl.This shape is favourable for the mixing of fuel and air.It is also for the free expansion of the head after being heated.The type of this piston is probably a crosshead type.9.This picture illustrates various types of piston rings.The first one in the picture is the section of a straight-flanked ring.The second one is a diagonal cut piston ring.The third one is a kind of piston ring with one inner-side chamfer.The shape of the fourth one is ladder-shaped.And the fifth one is with an oval shape at the outer side.10.There are two different lubricating modes for the main engine.One is for lubrication of the cylinders.The other is for bearing lubrication.The method of applying oil to the cylinder walls is usually by small pumps, known as mechanical lubricators.And the oil supplied is in small quantities.But the usual method of bearing lubrication is by forced feed system.It provides a copious supply of oil to all bearings.11.The basic working principle of purifiers is centrifuging separation.In a purifier, there are separation discs and outer periphery with a series of holes.When fuel oil is pumped into it, the centrifugal force causes water to be forced to the outer periphery.A cylindrical interface is formed between the water and oil.The oil is forced inward and up to the clean oil outlet.By this way, a purifier can remove water from fuel oil.12.The oily water separator is first filled with clean water.The oily water mixture is then pumped into the coarse separating department.Here some oil will separate and rise into the oil collection space.The remaining mixture now flows down into the fine separating compartment.More oil will separate out.The almost oil-free water passes into the central pipe and leaves the separator unit.13. Anti-pollution equipment is necessary especially for ocean-going ships.The equipment includes the oily water separator, the incinerator and the sewage treating system.These devices perform their duties to prevent pollution from ships to the sea.We should take great care of them.We should ensure that they all meet the requirements of the MARPOL Convention.14. The ballast system is used to bring the ship’s drafts into a seaworthy condition.It allows water to be drawn from any tank or the sea.And it allows the water to be discharged to any other tank or the sea.By this way, it can trim the vessel as bined or separate mains for suction and discharge may be provided.We must operate the ballast system according to the international and port regulations.15. The operation of the bilge water system is an important routine work.It needs great care.The discharge of bilge water must meet relevant legislative requirements.The operation must be recorded and reported to the chief engineer.The duty engineer should discharge the bilges before handing over a watch.And the relieving engineer should check the bilge level when taking over a watch.五、问答题答案1. One type of the main engine on board is a slow speed two-stroke diesel engine.2. In an electronically controlled main engine, fuel injection quantity is controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU) to ensure good atomization and combustion.3. Dual fuel technology allows the main engine to run in either gas mode or diesel mode.4. Because a two-stroke engine can produce more power than a four-stroke engine of a similar size, it is widely used on board ships.5. Because in the four-stroke engine there is an adequate overlap between the air inlet valve opening and the exhaust valve closing, the gas exchanging quality is better than in the two-stroke engine.6. The three moving parts of a marine main engine are pistons, connecting rods and a crankshaft.7. The sequence of the four strokes is suction, compression, expansion and exhaust.8. The fixed parts of a marine main engine include the bedplate, frames, cylinder blocks and cylinder covers,9. The operation between two injections is called a working cycle of a diesel engine.10. The foundation of a diesel engine is the bedplate.11. The tie rods are used to secure the bedplate, frames and cylinder blocks together. They can withstand very high tension.12. The function of the governor is mainly to regulate the speed of the engine.13. The feature of the governor is that it should be matched to the engine requirements in terms of droop, load limiting, response time, and so on.14. The crosshead pin is used for connecting the piston rod and the connecting rod.15. The piston rod stuffing box is used for sealing between the crankcase and the scavenging air box.16. The two types of cooling water systems are closed cooling systems and open systems.17. The function of the head tank in the cooling water system is to allow water expansion and make-up.18. The open cooling system is for the circulation of the sea water. It draws up sea water from the sea and makes it flow through the lube oil cooler, the main engine air coolers and the freshwater cooler.19. In the closed cooling system, the fresh water first passes the freshwater cooler, and then is circulated through the cooling water jackets of the main engine to cool cylinder liners, cylinder heads and exhaust valves.20. The central cooling system has two separate fresh water circulation systems: the high temperature system for cooling the main engine; the low temperature system for cooling high temperature fresh water and various coolers. 21. The central cooling water system can keep the cylinder cooling water temperature stable and reduce the maintenance work of the system.22. Fuel oil viscosity of the main engine can be controlled by regulating its temperature.23. The two sub-systems of the fuel oil system are the fuel supply system and the fuel injection system.24. The function of the fuel oil viscosity regulator is to control oil viscosity.25. The fuel oil viscosity regulator works by regulating the temperature of fuel oil.26. The composition of fuel oil includes carbon, hydrogen, sulphur and nitrogen.27. The main factors to be considered in selecting fuel oil include its cetane number, diesel index, calorific value and viscosity.28. The usual coolants in a marine diesel engine are fresh water, sea water and lube oil.29. Because seawater can cause corrosion, it is not used as a direct coolant in the diesel engine.30. The advantage of oil cooling pistons is that there is no risk of water leaking into the lube oil system.31. The disadvantage of water cooling pistons is the risk of water leaking into the lube oil system.32. The functions of the lubricating oil in the main engine include reducing friction, cooling and cleaning.33. We clean the lube oil f ilters according to the manufacturer’s instructions.34. When the pressure drop is excessive, we should clean the fuel oil filters.35. Because the cylinder oil has to neutralize sulphuric acid formed while burning low-grade fuel oil, it contains alkalinity.36. The functions of the cylinder oil include lubrication, cooling and cleaning.37. When starting the air compressor, we should check lube oil, supply cooling water, operate the unloader and close drain valves.38. When standing by engine, we should pay attention to the power supply, the preparations of the lube oil, fuel oil, cooling and starting systems, and other things.39. Yes. That the engine does not start on air is probably because the starting air pressure is too low, or the turning gear is still engaged.40. We should periodically drain water from the air reservoir.41. The function of gas exchange in a diesel engine is to supply fresh air into and remove exhaust gases from the cylinders.42. The function of supercharging is to increase the mass of air charged into the cylinders.43. I will gradually warm up the main engine in cold weather.44. To heat the main engine, I will preheat the cooling and lube oil systems, and start the cooling water and lube oil circulating pumps.45. When changing diesel oil into fuel oil, I will open the fuel oil heater steam valve, open the daily fuel oil tank valve and close the daily diesel oil tank valve.46. When changing fuel oil into diesel oil, I will gradually change the oil temperature, open the daily diesel oil tank valve and close the daily fuel oil tank valve.47. The function of the turning gear is to turn over the main engine before its starting and after its shutting down.48. We use lead wires or the feeler to measure the clearance of the main bearings.49. We use a special gauge to measure the crank web deflection of the main engine.50. Yes. The diesel engine exhausts black smoke because the air supply is too low, or the fuel valves are defective, or the combustion in the cylinder is incomplete.51. Yes. The diesel engine exhausts blue smoke because lube oil is being burnt owing to blow-by.52. Yes. The diesel engine exhausts yellow smoke because the sulphur content in the fuel is higher than normal.53.Yes. The diesel engine exhausts white smoke because there is too much water in the fuel.54. The function of the steering gear is to control the ship’s course.55. CPP stands for Controllable Pitch Propeller.56. VIT stands for Variable Injection Timing.57. The freshwater generator on our ship is a vacuum boiling type.58. The fuel oil separator on our ship is a centrifugal type.59. The function of the fuel oil separator is to purify the fuel oil.60. The oily water separator on our ship is a gravity separation type.61. The function of the oily wate r separator is to ensure that the oil content in the water doesn’t exceed the required limit when discharged into the sea.62. The function of the incinerator is to burn up oil sludge, waste oil and some solid wastes.63. When we pump out the bilge, the oil content limit is 15 ppm.64. Hot work is any work with flame or sparks, such as gas cutting and welding.65. We often carry out water treatment for the boiler because it can reduce scale forming, prevent corrosion and water carry-over by steam.66. An exhaust gas boiler is used on a motor ship at sea.67. A donkey boiler is used on a motor ship in port.68. Generally, I will decide to overhaul the main engine according to its running hours and performance.69. The function of the soot blower is to blow soot and combustion products away from the tube surfaces.70. I will use coarse grinding material and then fine grinding material to grind the valve plate of an air compressor.71. A coupling is used to connect a diesel engine and a generator.72. The most common marine refrigeration is of a compression type.73. The components required for a compression refrigeration system include a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator.74. I will fill Freon 22 into the refrigeration system through the filling valve or the suction end of the compressor.75. That the refrigerating compressor starts and stops frequently may be a result of lack of refrigerant, dirty or iced evaporator or leaky liquid line solenoid valve.76. The windlass is used to handle the anchors.77. The deck machinery includes the mooring winch, deck crane and windlass.78. I will drain off air of the injection pump by opening the vent cock.79. I will use a special disc cleaner to clean the disc of an oil separator.80. Before disassembly of the cylinder of the main or auxiliary engine, we should prepare various tools, hoisting devices and other materials.81. We manage sewage according to the international and national regulations.第三章驾机联系四、口述题答案1．Communications between the engineers and deck officers are very important.While they are keeping watch, they will communicate with each other by telephone.For example, the duty officer will inform the duty engineer when to stand by engine, when to check out the telegraph and when the ship will arrive at the port.Before the engineer gives the main engine a trial on power, he will tell the officer.While testing the steering gear, the engineer will report the rudder angle to the bridge.If anything unexpected happens, they will notify each other as soon as possible.2.A noon report must be written every day.It is a table with three columns.The first column is for daily performance data.Here we should enter some data concerning the main engine, ship and voyage.The second column is for remarks of the chief engineer.And the third one should be filled in with the working hours of the main and auxiliary engines.3.Before taking over an engineering watch, the relieving engineer should check various things.He should read the standing orders and special instructions of the chief engineer.He should be aware of all work being performed on machinery and systems.He should check the level and condition of fuel, water or residues in tanks and bilges.He should know the condition and mode of operation of the main and auxiliary systemsHe should also check other necessary things.4.Before handing over an engineering watch, the engineer to be relieved should record all the incidents happened during his watch.He should tell the relieving engineer whether there are any special instructions.He should tell the relieving engineer all work being performed on machinery and systems.He should tell the relieving engineer the liquid levels and conditions of various tanks being used.If the ship is in port, he should tell the relieving engineer the communication channel with the shore personnel.And he should tell him all other things concerning the safety and environmental protection.5.When standing-by engine before departure, we should do various things.We should check various systems of the main engine.We should warm up the main engine.We should engage the turning gear and give the engine at least one complete turn.After informing the bridge, we will give the main engine a brief trial on power ahead and astern.Finally, we w ill ring “stand-by” on the engine telegraph.6.After a period of sailing, a ship will arrive at a port.We should begin standing by engine before arriving.The starting air receivers must be pumped up to be ready for maneuvering.Some control modes must be changed overfrom automatic to hand control.About one hour before engine movements, heavy oil should be changed over to diesel.The starting air system should be drained.If permissible, a test reversal of the engine should be carried out before arrival in congested waterways.7.When sailing at rough sea, the ship will pitch and roll violently.So we should pump up the slack tanks and secure some movable things.The main engine speed may exceed the maximum allowable RPM because the propeller may be above the sea surface.The ship’s speed may be reduced because of greater resistance.So we should closely observe the working condition of the main engine.And we should get ready to respond to any emergency conditions.8.After the ship is in position, the bridge will giv e the order “finished with engine”.At that time, we begin finishing with engine.We should check various control levers.We should shut various valves and open various cocks.We should gradually reduce the cooling water temperature over a period of 8 hours.And we should turn the main engine through 3 or 4 turns at first and through one turn at intervals during cooling.9.The steering gear should be tested before departure and arrival.It should be tested after being repaired.If requested by the port state control officer, testing should also be done.While testing the steering gear, the deck officer and the engineer should work together.The rudder angle should be checked and the system be tested.Any error or malfunction if found, should be corrected.10.Before the trial of the main engine, the duty engineer will ask the motorman to warm up oil fuel, lubricating oil and the engine.The systems of lubricating oil, cooling water and fuel oil should be checked, prepared and their pumps turned on.The compressed air system should be drained, charged and its valves opened.Then turn and run the engine by putting in starting air.After the trial of main engine, the duty engineer should write down the starting air pressure values for each time the engine is started ahead and astern.Any abnormal condition found during the trial should be written down and dealt with as soon as possible.11.Engine room orders are mainly standard engine orders.“Stand by engine” requires that engine room personnel get fully ready to manoeuvre.“Full ahead” means the maximum manoeuvring engine revolution for ahead propulsion.“Full astern” means the maximum manoeuvring engine revolution for astern propulsion.And other engine orders include “half ahead”, “half astern”, “slow ahead”, “slow astern”, “dead slow ahead” and “dead slow astern”.“Finished with engine” means that the movement of engine is no longer required.12.The telegraph in the engine room is a very important device.It is installed on the control console.Its movement is transmitted to the telegraph on the bridge.The bridge and the engine room use this system to communicate engine movements.It is usually used when the ship is going into or out of a port.The telegraph control lever has four “ahead” and four “astern” positions with the “stop” pos ition in the middle.五、问答题答案1If the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails, accidents will happen.2I need to communicate with the bridge before testing the main engine, the steering gear and whenever necessary. 3To communicate with the bridge, I usually use the telephone.4I think that the records of the communications should be maintained because they can provide evidence of operation and references for deciding responsibilities.5Yes, I think English is very important during the communication.6 We should check the engine telegraph before sailing, usually one hour in advance.7 Checking the telegraph usually begins with the “Slow” position ordered from the bridge.8 We should test the steering gear before departure from a port and arrival at a port.9 Before starting the main engine, we should check the various systems of the engine, especially the reversing and control gear.10 We will test the main engine by running it briefly on power both ahead and astern.11 When “Stand by engine”, we will start the fresh water pump and make other preparations for the cooling water system.12 When “Stand by engine”, we should start the lube oil pump and make sure that lube oil supply is in order.13 When I am going to change fuel oil over to diesel oil, I will gradually change the oil temperature.14 That the engine speed rises up by using fuel oil instead of diesel oil is because the calorific value of fuel oil is higher than that of diesel oil.15 When “Finished with engine”, we will shut down the air system, put in the turning gear, open all drains and indicator cocks, and do a lot of other things.16 We should warm up the oils gradually when the ship is sailing in the cold zone.17 The duty engineer should quickly operate the main engine astern when “Full astern” is ringing up.18 The duty engineer will correct the clock in the engine room by comparing it with the clock on the bridge at noon.第四章应急用语四、口述题答案1.I have heard of a case of main engine trouble.During navigation, the engine room alarm sounded.The control room computer showed that the exhaust temperature of No.5 cylinder of the main engine is abnormal.Upon check, the fuelcam for that cylinder was found broken.As there was no spare parts on board, that cylinder was cut off until the ship arrived at the next port of call.I think that engineer on that ship did the right thing.2.Sudden stoppage of the main engine is a serious accident.The problem may lie in the fuel system of the engine, but also can be in other systems.Even reduction gear breakdown can cause main engine stoppage.In the event of sudden stoppage, the bridge should be informed immediately.If the ship is near a port, she will be towed into the port for troubleshooting and repair.If the ship is at open sea and the engineers cannot solve the problem, the ship will ask for assistance and rescue.3.Turbocharger surge can be due to various reasons.One is high back pressure of the exhaust manifold and low flowing quantity through it.Another is the insufficient supply or bad combustibility of fuel oil.A narrowed scavenging air passage is a possible cause too.Scavenge fire can also cause turbocharger surge.Actions to be taken vary with the troubles and situations.4.In some emergency cases, the main engine may run with one cylinder cut off.In this case, the engine must run at a lower speed.The engineer must reduce the load of the engine.The exhaust gas temperature of the remaining cylinder should not exceed normal full-load temperatures.Sometimes severe or even dangerous vibrations may occur.The engineer must keep close watch on the situation.If necessary, some measures must be taken.5.Once a scavenge fire occurs, the engine should be slowed down.Fuel to the affected cylinders should be shut off.Cylinder lubrication should be increased to minimize the risk of seizure.All the scavenge drains should be closed.A small fire will quickly burn out.But if the fire persists, the engine must be stopped.6.If a crankcase explosion occurs, we should immediately take actions.We should reduce speed to “slow”.We should ask the bridge for permission to stop.When the engine is stopped, stop the primary fuel oil pump.And stop the lubricating oil pump.Then do something to find the cause of the explosion.7.I have heard of a blackout case on board a ship.That s hip’s fourth engineer mistakenly shut down No.1 auxiliary engine which was supplying electric power.At that time, the ship was turning to port, using No.2 hydraulic pump of the steering gear.With no electricity, the rudder remained at 4 degrees to port and the ship struck a ship at anchor.The emergency power of that ship could supply power to No.1 hydraulic pump but the duty officer on the bridge did not know that and did not start that pump immediately.I think that this accident could have been avoided if some crewmembers of that ship had had more knowledge about their ship and worked more carefully.8.To start an emergency generator, the following procedures must be followed:First check the lube oil level in the crankcase of its prime mover.Then check the fuel oil level in the tank.Also check the air pressure if the generator unit is air-started.And check the battery voltage if the unit is battery started.Make sure that there are no obstacles around the machine.After seeing that every thing is in order, start the machine.。

轮机英语听力与会话评估三版问答题参考答案第一章公共英语1How long have you ever worked on board?I have worked on board for 2 years.2 Which certificate do you have now?I have the Fourth E ngineer’s Certificate.3 What is your marital status? How many departments are there on board?I am married. There are there departments on board: deck department, enginedepartment and service department.4 How many people are there in your family? Are you married?There are there people in my family. I am not married.5.How many countries have you ever been to?I have been to many countries such as Japan, Singapore, America, etc.6. When did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you workedon?I began to work on board in 2000, I have worked on bulk Carriers.7. How many important canals are there all over the world?There are three: the Panama Canal , Suez Canal and Kiel Canal.8.C an you tell me what is the most important thing for a seafarer?For a seafarer, the most important thing is safety, his sense of responsibility andprofessionalism.9.W hat kind of main engine and generator engine have you worked on?Oh, several models. For instance ,main engine: SUZER RND 68,6700kw;Generator engine: YANMAR 6ML-HTS 270kw and so on.10Which classification society is your ship registered with?CCS.( china classification society)11Have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical equipments?(你工作过的船发生过重大机损吗？)No, I haven’t.12 How do you make your maintenance schedules?（维护保养计划）According to the ISM Code ,the preventive maintenance plan is made based on the ship’s “Planned Maintenance System” and the machinery running hour records.(根据ISM规则，预防维护计划是基于船舶的计划保养体系（PMS）和机械运转时间记录来制定的)13Could you list international conventions concerning marine shipping?（你能列出有关海运的国际公约吗？）They are SOLAS74, MARPOL73/78 and STCW78/95 ,etc.14Could you tell the usages of the STCW convention?(您能谈谈STCW公约的应用情况吗？)Yes, it is used in seafarers’ training , certification and watch keeping.15 What is the purpose of classification society? Could you list some of them? The purpose is to evaluate the condition of the ship, the management system ofshipping company and to ensure safety. some are CCS, LR ,BV (法国), ABS and so on.16Co uld you list different kinds of ship’s surveys?Ship’s survey include annual survey, intermediate survey, in-dock survey,temporary survey and special survey, etc.17 What does UMS stand for? Have you served UMS?UMS stands for Unmanned Machinery Space. Yes, I have severed UMS before.18 Have you even experienced PSC inspection? Where and when was your lastinspection?Yes, I have experienced PSC inspection, we had it during our last voyage in America. 19What should be paid attention to in the overhaul of a cylinder.(在气缸大修过程中应该注意什么？)We should pay attention to the safety and the special tools.20 Before entering an enclosed space such as ballast tank, what action will youtake?I will vent the space and check the oxygen content.21 Please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of theworkers in an enclosed space.(请说出进入封闭舱室需要的安全氧气含量)More than 18% and no more than 23%.(大于18%，小于23%)第二章机舱日常业务1 Please introduce one type of the main engineA two-stroke diesel engine or four-stroke diesel engine.二冲程柴油机四冲程柴油机2 Please introduce fuel injection process of electronically controlled mainengine请介绍电控主机的燃油喷射过程The fuel oil is pumped into “ common rail” (共轨系统) then injected into the cylinder by an electronic control unit.3 Please introduce dual fuel technology of main engineThis kind of main engine can burn both natural gas(天然气) and fuel oil used in large medium speed engine.4 Why is the two-stroke engine widely used on board ship?Because the two-stroke engine can develop more power than a four-stroke engine of the same size.5Why is the air exchanging quality of four-stroke engine more than oftwo-stroke engine？为什么四冲程发动机的换气质量比二冲程的要好？Because in the four –stroke engine there is an enough overlap between the airinlet valve opening and the exhaust valve closing.扫气口打开与排气口关闭之间的重叠充分。

轮机英语听力与会话As a marine engineer, one of the most important skills you need is the ability to communicate effectively in English. Whether you're working on a ship or in a shipyard, you'll need to be able to understand and respond to verbal instructions, discuss technical issues, and report on the status of your equipment and machinery. Here are some tips for improving your listening and conversation skills:1. Build your vocabulary: As a marine engineer, you'll need to be familiar with a wide range of technical terms related to engines, turbines, pumps, and other equipment. Make an effort to learn new words and phrases every day, and practice using them in context.2. Practice active listening: When you're in a conversation, focus on what the other person is saying rather than just waiting for your turn to speak. Ask questions to clarify your understanding, and repeat back key points to show that you're engaged and listening attentively.3. Use visual aids: If you're discussing technical issues, diagrams, schematics, and other visual aids can be very helpful. They'll help you understand the concepts being discussed, and they can also help you explain your own ideas more clearly.4. Attend seminars and training sessions: Many shipyards and engineering companies offer training sessions and seminars on various topics related to marine engineering. These events can be a great way to improve your skills and knowledge, and they're also a good opportunity to network with other professionals in your field.5. Join online forums and groups: There are many online forums and groups dedicated to marine engineering, where you can discuss technical issues, ask for advice, and share your experiences with others in the field. These groups can be valuable sources of information and support.6. Look for opportunities to practice speaking: If you're not confident speaking English, look for opportunities to practice in a low-pressure environment. This could be as simple as chatting with a colleague or friend in English, or joining a conversation group or language exchange program.Here are some common expressions and phrases you might hear or use in a typical conversation between marine engineers:1. "What's the status of the engine?" - This is a typical question you might ask when assessing the condition of a ship's engine.2. "We need to replace the bearings on the shaft." - This is an example of a technical issue that might arise during routine maintenance.3. "Can you explain how the cooling system works?" - This is a question you might ask if you're not sure about the operation of a particular piece of equipment.4. "We need to order a new set of pistons." - This is an example ofa maintenance task that might require parts to be ordered.5. "I'm not sure what's causing the vibration in the engine room." - This is an example of a problem that might require troubleshooting. Overall, effective communication is essential for success as a marine engineer. By building your vocabulary, practicing active listening, and seeking out opportunities to improve your skills,you'll be better equipped to understand the complex technical issues you'll encounter in your work, and to communicate clearly and effectively with your colleagues and superiors.6. Look for opportunities to practice speaking: If you're not confident speaking English, look for opportunities to practice in a low-pressure environment. This could be as simple as chatting with a colleague or friend in English, or joining a conversation group or language exchange program.7. Use nonverbal communication: In addition to verbal communication, nonverbal cues such as facial expressions, gestures, and body language can also be important in conveying messages and building rapport. Pay attention to your own nonverbal signals, and be aware of the signals others are sending you.8. Ask for feedback: If you're not sure how well you're communicating, ask for feedback from your colleagues or superiors. They may be able to offer suggestions for improvement or point out areas where you're particularly strong.9. Be aware of cultural differences: English is spoken differently in different parts of the world, and cultural differences can also affect communication styles and expectations. Be aware of thesedifferences and work to adapt your communication style accordingly.10. Practice writing skills: In addition to speaking and listening, writing is also an important aspect of communication in the marine engineering field. Practice your writing skills by drafting reports, emails, and other documents in English, and seek out feedback to improve your clarity and accuracy.11. Stay up to date on industry trends and technology: As a marine engineer, it's important to stay current with the latest trends and technology in your field. This will help you understand the context of conversations and discussions related to your work, and will also help you identify opportunities for innovation and improvement.12. Prepare for meetings and presentations: If you're presenting technical information or participating in a meeting, prepare in advance by organizing your thoughts, creating visual aids, and rehearsing your presentation. This will help you communicate your ideas clearly and confidently.In summary, effective communication is a critical skill for marine engineers in today's globalized and complex maritime industry. By building your vocabulary, practicing active listening, seeking out feedback, and staying up to date on industry trends and technology, you can improve your communication skills and advance in your career. Remember that communication is a two-way street, and be willing to collaborate and learn from others in order to achieve success in your work.。

第一章公共用语1.How long have you worked on board?I have worked on board for 5 years.2.Which certificate do you have now?I have a fourth engineer certificate now.3. What is your marital status? How many departments are there on board?I'm single./ I am married.There are three departments: engine department, deck department, service department.4. How many people are there in your family? Are you married? There are three people in my family. No, I'm still single. / Yes, I am married.5. How many countries have you ever been to?I've been to many countries, such as Singapore, Japan, Australia and so on.6. When did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on?I began to work on board in 2003; I have worked on many kinds of ship, such as cargo ship, container ship, passenger ship.7. How many important canals are there all over the world? There are three canals. They are Panama Canal, Suez Canal and Kiel Canal.8. Can you tell me what is the most important thing for a seafarer?I think it is safety.9.What kinds of main engine and generator engine have you worked on?Large slow speed crosshead type marine diesel engine and high speed four stroke engine for A.C generator. / I've served several models, for instance, main engine: Sulzer RTA 84c type diesel engine, 4150BCF /4110AD type generator engine.10. Which classification society is your ship registered with? She is registered with (CCS) China Classification Society.11. Have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical equipments?No, I served my job cautiously, and my colleagues were also diligent. We kept the vessel in safe operation./ Yes, I have worked on a bulk carrier that the main engine had damaged.12. How do you make your maintenance schedules?Usually, the monthly maintenance schedules are made based on the annual preventive maintenance plan and the basic occasional maintenance work(通常月度维护计划是基于年度预防维护计划和非经常性发生的工作来制定的)。

1．tide[taid] n.潮汐The tide is in. 涨潮了。

low tide 低潮（时间）；干潮（时间）；枯潮（期）The rocks were exposed at low tide. 低潮时岩石露了出来。

expose[ikˈspəuz] vt.揭露，揭发；使暴露；使曝光清清变浊 student、 schoolbad sea condition 糟糕的海况2.sl a ck名词n. [slæk]（水流等的）静止不动。

3.iceberg ['aisbə:g] 冰山The ship struck an iceberg. 那艘船撞上了冰山。

（一般过去时：陈述在过去的时间发生的动作。

）strike struck struck现在完成时4.sh ore[ʃɔ:] 岸、陆地sand shore 沙滩5.coast [kəust]海岸、沿海地区cloud y[ˈklaudi]adj. 多云的n-后缀y, 构成形容词。

sunny adj. 阳光明媚的rock [rɔk] n. 岩石lea ves [li:vz] n. 树叶，花瓣(leaf的复数)glass land 草地、草坪6. island名词n. [C]['ailənd] 岛屿mountain[ˈmauntin]n.山，山岳；山脉National Day 国庆节Mid-autumn Day 中秋节7.log book 航海日志log [lɔg] n.航海日志chart [tʃɑ:t] 名词n. [C] 航海图、航（线）图8. rou gh[rʌf] 形容词a. 暴风雨的;狂暴的;剧烈的The ship sail ed in rough seas.这船在波涛汹涌的海面行驶。

sailing 航行storm [stɔ:m] n.名词n. [C]暴风雨9.船的类型（1）the general cargo ship 一般的货船general ['dʒenərəl] 形容词a. 一般的,普遍的;非专业性的general manager 总经理This is a general magazine. 这是一本普通杂志。

第三章驾机联系一、单句1. Full ahead.A.Half ahead.B.Half astern.C.Full ahead.D.Full astern.C2. Dead slow ahead.A.Slow ahead.B.Slow astern.C.Dead slow ahead.D.Dead slow astern.C3. Emergency full astern.A.Emergency full ahead.B.Emergency full astern.C.Emergency half ahead.D.Emergency half astern.B4. Finished with engine.A.Stand by engine.B.Stop engine.C.Engine ready to start.D.Movement of engine no longer required.D5. Bow thrust full to port side.A.Bow thrust half to port side.B.Bow thrust full to port side.C.Bow thrust half to starboard side.D.Bow thrust full to starboard side.B6. Stern thrust half to starboard side.A.Stern thrust full to port side.B.Stern thrust half to port side.C.Stern thrust full to starboard side.D.Stern thrust half to starboard side.D7. Starboard ten.A.Port ten.B.Port twenty.C.Starboard ten.D.Starboard twenty.C8. Port twenty.A.Port ten.B.Port twenty.C.Starboard ten.D.Starboard twenty.B9. Hard-a-port.A.Port one.B.Hard-a-starboard.C.Hard-a-port.D.Starboard one.C10. No problems with auxiliary engine.A.No problems with main engine.B.No problems with donkey engine.C.No problems with machinery.D.No problems with steering gear.B11. We can do nothing but stop the main engine.A. We can do anything but stop the main engine.B. We can't do nothing but stop the main engine.C. What we can do is to stop the main engine.D. The main engine can't be stopped.C12. We can do nothing but stop the main engine.A. We have to stop the main engine.B. Stopping the main engine is nonsense.C. We can make the main engine stopped.D. We have stopped the main engine already.A13. First dead slow ahead, then dead slow astern.A. Dead slow ahead first, then dead slow astern.B. Dead slow astern first, then dead slow ahead.C. First slow ahead, then dead slow astern.D. First dead slow ahead, then slow astern.A14. The ship is alongside the wharf.A. The ship is near the wharf.B. The ship is berthed at the wharf.C. The ship is brought into the wharf.D. The ship is loaded with wool.B15. Check the telegraph now.A. Test the telegraph now.B. Check the photograph.C. Check the diaphragm.D. Send the telegraph now.A16. Correct the clock please.A. Clock will be corrected.B. Test the cock.C. Put forward the clock.D. Return the clock.A17. There is something wrong with the steering gear.A.There is some trouble with the steering gear.B.There is something wrong with the turning gear.C.There is no problem with the steering gear.D.There is no problem with the turning gear.A18. How much fuel oil is reserved on board?A.How much fuel oil left on board?B.How much lube oil is reserved on board?C.How much fuel oil do we need?D.How much diesel oil is reserved on board?A19. The main engine will be overloaded.A.The main engine will be over-speed.B.The main engine will be damaged.C.The main engine is overloaded now.D.The main engine is going to become overloaded.D20. The only problem left is the time limit.A. The only problem is that they left too early.B. The only problem is when to leave.C. The only remaining problem is the deadline.D. The only problem is how much time will be left.C21. Do we need any help from the yard for No.3 generator?A. Does the shipyard need any help?B. Is the shipyard repairing No.3 generator?C. Do we have 3 generators?D. Is it necessary for us to get help from the yard?D22. The duty officer informed us that the ship will arrive at the pilot station in about an hour.A. Our ship will arrive at the pilot station in about an hour.B. The duty officer will arrive in about an hour.C. The pilot will come aboard in an hour.D. The duty officer informed us of the time of departure.A23. I'd like to learn something about your auxiliary engine repair.A. I want to know the repairing condition of the auxiliary engine.B. The repairing of the auxiliary engine is something.C. Your repair of the auxiliary engine is well known.D. I like to repair your auxiliary engine.A24. When everything was put all right, we had the engine tried.A. Before everything is OK we should try the engine.B. Before everything was put all right we should not have the engine tried.C. We had the engine tried only to find that everything was OK.D. We try the engine until everything was put all right.B25. I'd like to know how you are going to find the fault.A. I wonder how you are going to detect the trouble.B. I wonder how you are going to find the port.C. I want to know how you will solve the problem.D. I want to know how you will find the course.A26. It's better for you to leave a receipt for the wrench.A. You are leaving for the wrench.B. You are better for the receipt of the wrench.C. Please leave a receipt for the wrench.D. You are so good that you have left the receipt for the wrench.C27. They must run continuously at full load for one hour.A. They must run on the road for one hour.B. They must learn to handle the tool continuously.C. They must be kept running at full load for one hour.D. They must run continuously at full speed for one hour.C28. What you said is of great help to me.A. You have helped me a lot.B. Your words help me a lot.C. What can you do to help me?D. What can I do to help you?B29. Be sure not to discharge the water directly overboard.A. Don't discharge the water directly overboard.B. Discharge the water directly overboard, please.C. The water is sure to be discharged overboard.D. To discharge the water directly overboard is not difficult.A30. We can remove the trouble on board by ourselves.A. We can move the table by ourselves.B. We may remove the dirt by wire brushes.C. We can repair it by ourselves.D. We can try to fix it in a few minutes.C31. We can remove the trouble on board by ourselves.A. We can remove the spares ashore by ourselves.B. We can solve the problem on the spot by ourselves.C. We can make our ship by ourselves.D. We should remove the stores to that room by ourselves.B32. It has to be dismantled and sent to the workshop for repair.A. It has been dismantled.B. It has sent to the workshop.C. You should dismantle it and sent to the shop for repair.D. You have repaired it, haven't you?C33. It has to be dismantled and sent to the workshop for repair.A. It must be dismantled and repaired on the spot.B. It must be sent to the workshop for dismantling and repairing.C. It has been sent to the shop for repairing.D. It must be disassembled and sent to the shop for repair.B34. Can you give me more details?A. What have you done?B. May I know more details?C. Who can tell me the truth?D. How can I get the truth?B35. Can you give me more details?A. Can you write it in red ink?B. The detail cannot give me.C. Can I give you more details?D. I’d like to know it in detail.D36. Let's have the engine trial on time.A. We'll have the engine trial tomorrow.B. The engine trial will start once we have everything ready.C. We shall begin the engine trial on time.D. We can delay the engine trial.C37. Please inform us at once in case of something abnormal.A. If there is nothing abnormal, please inform us.B. If nothing is abnormal, please inform us.C. We are informed that something is abnormal.D. If there is something abnormal, please inform us.D38. Have you traced the trouble?A. Does the truck have any trouble?B. Did you find out the trouble?C. Have you got any trouble in trading?D. What's your trouble?B39. We are going to have the sea trial in a few days later.A. The sea trial will be carried out in a few days.B. The sea trial began for a few days ago.C. We'll not carry out the sea trial in a few days.D. We've carried out the sea trial for a few days.A40. We found nothing wrong during the trials.A. The trial is a success.B. Only one trial was done.C. Two trials were done at most.D. No trial was done.A41. We are going to leave for Hong Kong.A. We are going to leave Hong Kong.B. We are heading for Hong Kong.C. Hong Kong is our last port of call.D. Hong Kong is the port of our departure.B42. The spare parts are enough.A. The spare parts are short.B. The spare parts are made too rough.C. We have enough stores.D. We have sufficient spare parts.D43. The sea is rough.A. It’s foggy.B. The sea is heavy.C. The sea is smooth.D. The visibility is poor.B44. Please ring up the chief engineer.A. Tell the chief engineer please.B. Phone the chief engineer please.C. Wake up the chief engineer please.D. Call on the chief engineer please.B45. The gangway has been lifted.A.The gangway will be lifted.B.We had put down the gangway.C.They have lifted the gangway.D.The gangway has broken.C46. You can try the main engine now.A.Now you are allowed to try the main engine.B.You can stop the main engine now.C.You can speed up the main engine.D.You can take an indication.A47. I will ask the agent to do it.A.I’ll call on the agent.B.I’ll be an agent.C.The agent will ask me to do it.D.I will ask the agent to deal with it.D48. Ask the bridge for permission before stopping the main engine.rm the bridge after stopping the main engine.B.Notice the bridge before starting the main engine.C.Get permission from the bridge before stopping the main engine.D.Report the situation about the main engine.C49. There is something wrong with the main engine.A.The main engine is in good order.B.The main engine is dirty.C.The main engine is of long stroke.D.The main engine has gone wrong.D50. Attention! Anchors are foul.A.Anchor is aweigh.B.Cables are tight.C.Anchors are across.D.Chains are clear.C二、对话1. S1: Dead slow ahead.S2: Yes, dead slow ahead.Q: What are they doing?A.They are checking engine telegraph.B.They are checking main engine.C.They are talking about main engine.D.They are inspecting the main engine.A2. S1: It’s 14:20.S2: 14:20,OK.Q: What are they doing?A.They are checking the engine telegraph.B.They are checking the main engine.C.They are correcting the clock.D.They are talking about the main engine.C3. S1: Can we begin the steering gear test?S2: OK, let’s begin.Q: What are they doing?A.They are checking the telegraph.B.They are testing the steering gear.C.They are correcting the clock.D.They are talking about the main engine.B4. S1: Chief engineer, we plan to sail at 13:00.S2: Yes, captain.Q: When did the dialogue take place?A.Before sailing.B.After finish with engine.C.Before arrival anchorage.D.After arrival at port.A5. S1: Hello, this is the duty engineer. Can we turn on the main engine now? S2: Well, let me have a look at the gangway to see if it has been taken in. Q：What will the second speaker do?A. He will go to take in the gangway.B. He will turn on the main engine.C. He will check if the gangway has been taken in.D. He will have the gangway checked.C6. S1: Hello, this is the duty engineer. Can we turn on the main engine now? S2: Well, let me have a look at the gangway to see if it has been taken in. Q: What does the first speaker want to do?A. Pump the ballast water.B. Discharge the bilge.C. Turn on the main engine.D. Stop the generator.C7. S1: I'd like to know first that how long it will take to get to our next port of call.S2: It will take us 18 days and 19 hours if we sail at 15 knots.Q：How long will it take to get to their next port of call?A. 19 days and 18 hours.B. 18 days and 19 hours.C. 18 days and 15 hours.D. 15 days and 18 hours.B8. S1: I'd like to know first that how long it will take to get to our next port of call.S2: It will take us 18 days and 19 hours if we sail at 15 knots.Q: What will be the speed of the ship?A. 18 knots.B. 19 knots.C. 15 knots.D. None of the above.C9. S1: What problem do you have?S2: I have problems with the main engine.Q: Where’re t he problems?A. In the donkey engine.B. In the main engine.C. In the steering gear.D. In the propeller.B10. S1: Hello, Chief! The wind force here will remain like this as the forecast reports. Shall we stop to repair?S2: Yes, I think so.Q：What does the second speaker mean?A. The wind force will decrease.B. The forecast reports are not accurate.C. They should stop to repair.D. They should not stop to repair.C11. S1: Hello, Chief! The wind force here will remain like this as the forecast reports. Shall we stop to repair?S2: Yes, I think so.Q: Why do they stop to repair?A. Because the forecast reports are not accurate.B. Because the wind force will be kept as original.C. Because they want to go ashore.D. Because they are tired.B12. S1: Shall we pump some water to the port ballast tanks?S2: I don't think so. You know, the port ballast tanks are all full. Could you transfer some oil to the port tanks?Q：What are they probably going to do?A. Pump some water to the port ballast tanks.B. Pump some oil to the port ballast tanks.C. Transfer some oil to the port tanks.D. Transfer some water to the port tanks.C13. S1: Shall we pump some water to the port ballast tanks?S2: I don't think so. You know, the port ballast tanks are all full. Could you transfer some oil to the port tanks?Q: Why they can’t pump any water to the port ballast tanks?A. Because the water pump is broken.B. Because the port ballast tanks are all full.C. Because the ship is unstable.D. Because the starboard ballast tanks are full.B14. S1: I wonder if there's a place around for us to take shelter from the wind.S2: I'm afraid not. We have no way but hold out.Q：What problem might the ship have?A. The ship has lost propeller.B. The ship has run out of fuel.C. The ship is on fire.D. The ship is being attacked by a storm.D15. S1: I wonder if there's a place around for us to take shelter from the wind.S2: I'm afraid not. We have no way but hold out.Q: What will they do in view of the coming wind?A. They will find a place to take shelter from the wind.B. They have to hold out the wind.C. They will go back for some distance.D. They want to abandon the ship.B16. S1: Is there any inspection you haven't finished in the engine room?S2: The main engine fuel oil heater is being chemically cleaned in the shipyard.Q：How is the main engine fuel oil heater being cleaned?A. By hand.B. Hydraulically.C. With chemicals.D. By scavenging.C17. S1: Is there any inspection you haven't finished in the engine room?S2: The main engine fuel oil heater can only be sent back tomorrow morning.Q: When will they finish the work?A. Tomorrow afternoon.B. This afternoon.C. Tomorrow morning.D. This morning.C18. S1: Cylinder No. 2 has broken down. We have to cut it out. Can the main engine be stopped? S2: The wind is so strong now that we can't stop the main engine. Could you hold out for a few hours?Q：Why the main engine can't be stopped according to second speaker?A. Even one cylinder can cause big problem.B. Owing to the strong wind.C. The ship is getting alongside the port.D. A few hours later there will be a storm.B19. S1: Cylinder No. 2 has broken down. We have to cut it out. Can the main engine be stopped? S2: The wind is so strong now that we can't stop the main engine. Could you hold out for a few hours?Q: Why does the first speaker want to stop the main engine?A. Because No.2 booster pump has broken down.B. Because No.2 cylinder cover has broken down.C. Because No.2 cylinder has broken down.D. Because No.2 exhaust valve has broken down.C20. S1: Second Engineer, have you got the main engine test report?S2: Yes, but I haven't brought it here today.Q：Is the report mentioned available?A. Yes, but a week later.B. No, it isn't.C. Yes, it is at hand.D. Yes, but not now.D21. S1: Second Engineer, have you got the main engine test report?S2: Yes, but I haven't brought it here today.Q: What are they talking about?A. The main engine.B. The serial number.C. The main engine test report.D. The main engine control system.C22. S1: Please bring it to me tomorrow. I'd like to know something about the main engine test.S2: No problem.Q：Can the first speaker get what he needs tomorrow?A. Absolutely not.B. Of course not.C. Quite sure.D. Not sure.C23. S1: Please bring it to me tomorrow. I'd like to know something about the main engine test. S2: No problem.Q: What does the first want?A. The main engine instruction book.B. The main engine spares.C. The main engine test report.D. None of the above.C24. S1: Are you spare parts enough?S2: Yes, they are.Q: What are they talking about?A.StoresB.FoodC.Fuel oilD.Spare partsD25. S1: Stand by engine for sailing.S2: OK, I see.Q: What are they going to do?A.Stop engine.B.Try the engine.C.Stand by engine.D.Finish with engine.C26. S1: Shall I phone the chief engineer?S2: Yes.S1: OK, I will call him right now.Q: Who will be phoned?A.Chief mate.B.Duty motorman.C.Duty engineer.D.Chief engineer.D27. S1: We will arrive at the pilot station in about an hour.S2: Yes, I see.Q: How long will it take for them to arrive at the pilot station?A.About one hour.B.Half an hour.C.One and half hours.D.Not motioned.A28. S1: Chief, we are approaching the entrance of the canal. Please slow down the engine.S2: All right, captain, I will do it right now.Q: What measures are they going to take?A.Slow down main engine.B.Standby the main engine.C.Stop the engine.D.Finished with engine.A29. S1: Chief, we are approaching the entrance of the canal. Please slow down the engine.S2: All right, captain, I will do it right now.Q: W hat’s the relationship between the two speakers?A.Chief Officer and Captain.B.Chief Officer and Chief Engineer.C.Chief Engineer and Duty Engineer.D.Chief Engineer and Captain.D30. S1: Chief, we are approaching the entrance of the canal. Please slow down the engine.S2: All right, captain, I will do it right now.Q: Where is the ship heading for?A.The entrance of the port.B.The entrance of the canal.C.The entrance of the strait.D.The entrance of the anchorage.B三、短文1. S1: Hello, Fourth Engineer. How is the ballast pump?S2: It works well. Everything is all right.S1: Very good. I’d like to transfer some ballast.S2: No problem, please do.S1: Please inform the motorman to transfer 100 tons of ballast water from NO.1 port to NO.2 starboard.S2: Yes, I will. By the way, can I transfer some fuel oil?S1: How much and how do you want to transfer?S2: 50 tons from No.1 starboard to No.2 port.S1: Yes, you can. Please keep in touch.S2: Sure, I will.Q1. How does the ballast pump work?A.It woks well.B.It is out of order.C.It breaks down.D.It has to be repaired.AQ2. How much ballast will be transferred?A.100 tons.B.150 tons.C.50 tons.D.115 tons.AQ3. How should the ballast water be transferred?A.From No.2 port to No.1 starboard.B.From No.2 starboard to No.1 port.C.From No.1 port to No.2 starboard.D.From No.1 starboard to No.2 port.CQ4. How will they transfer fuel oil?A.50 tons from No.1 starboard to No.2 portB.50 tons from No.1 port to No.2 starboard.C.100 tons from No.1 port to No.2 starboard.D.100 tons from No.2 port to No.1 starboard.A2. S2: Are you the Duty Engineer?S1: Yes, I am.S2: L et’s check the clock now.S1: OK, what time is it by the bridge watch?S2: It’s 13:10.S1: 13:10,OK.S2: Now let’s check the telegraph.S1: All right.Q1. What is the most possible relationship between the two speakers?A.Chief engineer and captain.B.Duty engineer and duty officer.C.Chief engineer and the agent.D.Captain and the agent.BQ2. What are the two speakers doing?A.They are correcting time.B.They are testing main engine.C.They are talking about traveling.D.They are checking the telegraph.AQ3. What time is it now by the bridge?A. It is 14:10.B. It is 13:10.C. It is 01:10.D. It is 11:10.BQ4: What are they going to do next?A. They are going to test main engine.B. They are going to check the telegraph.C. They are going to test steering gear.D. They are going to fill fuel oil.B3. S1: Have all of the ordered stores been brought on board?S2: Yes, the ship chandler sent them yesterday.S1: How much fuel oil is reserved on board?S2: About 400 tons.S1: What is the daily consumption?S2: 50 tons.S1: Do you think we need any lube oil supply?S2: No, I don’t think so. But we need 20 kg of R134a.S1: OK, I’ll ask the agent to get it as quickly as possible.Q1. What do they still need for the voyage?A. Fuel oil.B. Lube oil.C. R134a.D. Fresh water.CQ2. How much fuel oil do they have in reserve?A. 400 tons.B. 50 tons.C. 15 tons.D. 20kg.AQ3. When and by whom were the stores sent?A. Yesterday and by the agent.B. Two days ago and by the ship chandler.C. Yesterday and by the ship chandler.D. Yesterday and by the ship owner.CQ4: Who will be informed by the Captain?A. Chief engineer.B. Agent.C. Ship chandler.D. Ship owner.B4. S1: I am the Second Engineer. Can we begin the steering gear test? S2: OK, let’s begin. Port5. Port10. Hard-a-port.S1: OK. Mid-ship please.S2: Is there anything wrong?S1: Yes, please wait a minute. I’ll adjust it.S2: It’s all right now. Starboard, please. Starboard 5. Starboard 15. Hard-a-port.S1: No error. Very good!S2: Now, mid-ship.S1: That’s good.Q1: What is the most relationship between the two speakers?A.The Second Engineer and the Duty Officer.B.The Second Engineer and the Fourth Engineer.C.The Chief Engineer and Captain.D.The Second Engineer and the Duty Motorman.AQ2: What are they doing?A.They are checking telephone.B.They are resting time.C.They are testing the steering gear.D.They are checking the telegraph.CQ3: Is there anything wrong with the steering gear?A.No error.B.Yes, there is something wrong.C.No, there is nothing wrong.D.No problem.BQ4: What’s wrong with the steering gear?A.Not mentioned.B.Nothing wrong.C.There is something wrong with “mid-ship”.D．There is something wrong with “hard a starboard”.C5. S1: C/E, your agent informed us you need 600 tons of 180 cSt heavy oil and 200 tons of diesel oil, right?S2: That’s exactly what we want.S1: Ok. Here is the application form.S2: When will you bunker come here?S1: At your convenience. How about tomorrow?S2: OK. Tomorrow morning at 9 o’clock.S1: Which side should we get alongside?S2: Either side will be all right.S1: Which oil should be first, diesel oil or heavy fuel oil?S2: Diesel oil.Q1: Which sentence is false?A.We need 600 tons of 180 cSt heavy oil.B.We need 200 tons of diesel oil.C.We need 600 tons of 180 cSt heavy oil and 200 tons of diesel oil.D.We need 500tons of 180 cSt heavy oil.DQ2: When will oil barge come?A.Tomorrow morning at 7 o’clock.B.T omorrow 19 o’clock.C.Tomorrow 9 o’clock.D.Tonight 9 o’clock.CQ3: Which side should oil barge get alongside?A.Only port side.B.Only starboard side.C.Either side will be all right.D.Fore.CQ4: Which oil should be first, diesel oil or heavy fuel oil?A.Heavy fuel oil.B.Diesel oil.C.No mentionD.LO.B6. S1: I’d like to talk with you about the stores and spare parts.S2: Good, come to my cabin, will you? ( in the Second Engineer’s cabin)S1: Have you got a list of your stores?S2: Yes. I have prepared one, but it is not complete. Here you are.S1: How about the spare parts list?S2: It’s complete.S1: Shall we go to the storeroom now?S2: OK. Let’s go. ( in the storeroom)S1: As for R134a, there are only 50kilos, right?S2: Yes. Here it is.S1: According to the list, you’ll deliver 10 socket spanners to us. Why are there only 9 here? S2: Really? Let me check on it. ( a few minutes later)S2: Here is the missing one.S1: Where are the spare parts for the automatic telephone?S2: On the shelf over there.Q1: In what condition is the list of the stores?A.It is missing.B.It was kept well.C.It was not complete.D.It was complete.CQ2: How much R134a is in the storeroom?A.50 kilos.B.15 kilos.C. 5 kilos.D.55 kilos.AQ3: Which spare part is missing?A.The store list.B. A socket spanner.C.An automatic telephone.D. A bottle of R134a.BQ4: What are on the shelf over there?A.The store list.B. A socket spanner.C.An automatic telephone.D.Spare parts for the automatic telephone.D7. S1: Would you come down to my lighter and take a sounding?S2: All right. How many tanks are there on your lighter?S1: There are 6, No.1 to No.3 port and starboard the same.S2: Which are for fuel oil, and which for the diesel oil?S1: No.1 and No.3 on both sides have fuel oil. No.2 tank on both sides have diesel oil. S2: Yes, I see. Are they all full?S1: No.1 and No.3 tanks port and starboard are full, but No.2 tanks are not full.S2: Let’s take No.2 port first.S1: OK. The sounding rod shows 3.56 meters.S2: And now, go ahead with No.2 starboard.S1: 3.55 meters.S2: Could you tell me the density and temperature?S1: The density is 0.857 and the temperature is 28 ℃.S2: Thank you.Q1: How many tanks are there in the lighter?A.There are 6.B.There are 4.C.There are 2.D.There are 3.AQ2: Which tanks are for diesel oil?A.No.1 and No.2 on both sides.B.No.2 and No.3 on both sides.C.No.1 and No.3 on both sides.D.No.2 on both sides.DQ3: Which tanks are full?A.No.1 and No.2 on both sides.B.No.2 and No.3 on both sides.C.No.1 and No.3 on both sides.D.No.2 on both sides.CQ4: After sounding, what information does he want to know?A.The length of the rod.B.The density and temperature of the oil.C.The trim of the vessel.D.The list of the vessel.B8. S1: Excuse me, I’m the representative of Eastern oil company.S2: Yes. I’m Wang. Take a seat, please.S1: Mr. Wang, you need 600 tons of cSt heavy oil and 200 tons of diesel oil, is that right?S2: That’s exactly what we want.S1: OK. All the specifications are on the form. Please go through it and fill it out.S2: Well, why is there no sulphur content among the specifications?S1: The fuel oil comes from the Gulf Area. Its sulphur content is very low, so we ignore it.S2: But the harbor officers from the European countries often check the sulphur content in the fuel. We’ll be fined if the content is over 1.5 percent.S1: That’s a valid point. If so, I’m sure you’ll get the exact sulphur content next time.S2: OK! When will the bunkers arrive here?Q1: How much heavy oil does the ship need?A.600 tons.B.200 tons.C.180 tons.D.150 tons.AQ2: Why does Mr. Wang pay so much attention to sulphur content?A.Because the ship had been fined last time.B.Because the sulphur content is very high in Gulf Area.C.Because there is such an item in the application from.D.Because harbor officers often check it in European countries.DQ3: When may this dialogue take place?A.Before bunkering.B.After bunkering.C.During bunkering.D.After departure.AQ4: When will the bunker arrive?A.Tomorrow.B. 2 hours later.C.In 1.5 hours.D.Not mentioned.D。