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湖南省英语初二上学期模拟试题及答案指导一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1、Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear.Question: What is the weather like today?A. It’s sunny.B. It’s cloudy.C. It’s rainy.Answer: B. It’s cloudy.Explanation: The student asks the teacher about the weather, and the teacher responds with “It’s a bit cloudy today,” which indicates that the weather is not sunny but not rainy either.2、Listen to the short passage and answer the question.Question: What is the main topic of the passage?A. How to study effectively.B. The importance of exercise.C. The benefits of reading books.Answer: C. The benefits of reading books.Explanation: The passage focuses on discussing the positive effects of reading books o n one’s knowledge and creativity, making “The benefits of reading books” the main topic.3、What is the name of the animal that the boy is talking about in the conversation?A. DogB. CatC. FishD. BirdAnswer: C. FishExplanation: In the conversation, the boy mentions, “Look at that fish, it’s so colorful.” Hence, the animal he is talking about is a fish.4、Why does the woman want to go to the museum?A. Because she has never been there before.B. Because she heard there are new exhibitions.C. Because she wants to learn more about art.D. Because she needs to see a friend there.Answer: B. Because she heard there are new exhibitions.Explanation: The woman says, “I heard they have some new exhibitions. Would you like to go with me?” This indicates that she wants to go to the museum because she heard about the new exhibitions.5、You hear a conversation between two friends discussing their weekend plans.A. What did the first person plan to do?B. What did the second person plan to do?C. When did the first person plan to do it?Answer: A) What did the first person plan to do?Explanation: Listen for the first person’s response when asked about their plans for the weekend. The correct answer should reflect the activity the first person mentioned.6、You listen to a short news report about a local event.A. What is the main topic of the news report?B. Who is the main speaker in the news report?C. What is the expected outcome of the event mentioned in the report?Answer: A) What is the main topic of the news report?Explanation: Listen for the key information provided in the news report. The correct answer should identify the central subject of the report, which is often introduced early in the news segment.7.You are listening to a conversation between two students discussing their weekend plans.A. What are they planning to do this weekend?B. How do they feel about the weather?C. What time will they meet on Sunday?D. Where is the library located?Answer: AExplanation: In the conversation, one student asks the other about their weekend plans, indicating that the topic of the question is about what they are goingto do.8.A teacher is giving instructions for a group project.A. What is the group project about?B. When is the deadline for the project?C. How many group members are there?D. What resources are available for the project?Answer: BExplanation: The teacher specifically mentions the deadline for the project, making it clear that the question is about the time frame for the project to be completed.9.Listen to the conversation and answer the question.A. What is the man’s favorite sport?B. Why does the woman suggest playing basketball?C. Who is going to play with them?D. What time will they meet at the gym?Answer: BExplanation: The woman suggests playing basketball because she heard it’s a great workout and the gym is not crowded in the morning. The other options are not mentioned in the conversation.10.Listen to the dialogue and complete the sentence with the correct option. The teacher asks the student about his favorite subject. The student says, “I really enjoy _.”B. scienceC. historyD. artAnswer: DExplanation: The student completes th e sentence with “art” because the teacher is asking about his favorite subject and the student mentions that he enjoys art. The other options are not mentioned in the dialogue.11.Listen to the following dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear.A. The man is playing tennis.B. The woman is teaching the man how to play tennis.C. They are discussing the rules of tennis.D. They are watching a tennis match on TV.Answer: CExplanation: The dialogue includes the woman explaining the rules of tennis to the man, indicating that they are discussing the sport.12.Listen to the following conversation and fill in the blank with the correct word you hear.W: I can’t believe it’s already October. It feels like just yesterday we were in June.M: Yeah, time flies. Do you remember_______we spent the summer last year?B. thatC. whyD. whereAnswer: DExplanation: The correct word to complete the sentence is “where,” which asks about the location or place where they spent the summer.13.What is the weather like in London today?A. SunnyB. RainyC. WindyD. CloudyAnswer: BExplanation: The question asks about the weather in London. Based on the context, the answer should reflect the current weather condition. In this case, the answer “Rainy” is t he correct one.14.Why does the teacher encourage the students to participate in the school sports activities?A. To improve their academic performanceB. To promote physical fitnessC. To increase their knowledge about sportsD. To enhance their social skillsAnswer: BExplanation: The question inquires about the reason behind the teacher’s encouragement. Among the given options, promoting physical fitness is the most appropriate answer. Therefore, the correct option is “To pro mote physical fitness.”15.You are listening to a conversation between two students, Alex and Jamie, discussing their weekend plans. Listen carefully and answer the question.Question: What activity does Jamie plan to do this weekend?A. Go shopping.B. Go to the movies.C. Visit their grandparents.Answer: BExplanation: In the conversation, Jamie says, “I think I’ll go to the movies this weekend with my friends.” This indicates that Jamie plans to go to the movies.16.Listen to a short dialogue between a teacher and a student, Lily, about her science project. Answer the question based on the dialogue.Question: What is Lily’s science project about?A. Plants.B. Animals.C. Weather.Answer: AExplanation: The teacher asks Lily, “So, Lily, what’s your science project about?” Lily replies, “It’s about plants. I’m studying how different types of soil affect plant growth.” This shows that Lily’s science project is focused on plants.17.You are listening to a conversation between two students, Alex and Lily, discussing their weekend plans.Lily: Hey, Alex, what are you doing this weekend?Alex: Oh, I’m planning to visit my grandparents in the countryside. They live about an hour away from here.Lily: That sounds fun! What will you do there?Alex: Well, we’ll have a picnic, go for a walk in the woods, and maybe even play some card games.Lily: That sounds perfect! I wish I could join you.Answer: B) visiting grandparentsExplanation: The correct answer is “visiting grandparents” because in the conversation, Alex mentions that they are planning to visit their grandparents in the countryside.18.You are listening to a news report about a new initiative to improve the environment.News Anchor: Good evening, everyone. Today, we have some exciting news about a new initiative aimed at reducing plastic waste. According to the Environment Department, the city government has recently introduced a new policy that bansthe use of single-use plastic bags in all supermarkets and stores.Audience Member: That’s great! What else is being done to reduce plastic waste?News Anchor: Well, the initiative also includes a recycling program where citizens can drop off their plastic waste at designated collection points, and there will be educational campaigns to raise awareness about the importance of recycling.Answer: A) new policy to ban single-use plastic bagsExplanation: The correct answer is “new policy to ban single-use plastic bags” because the news report mentions that the city government has introduced a policy that bans the use of single-use plastic bags in supermarkets and stores.19.Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear.Question: What is the weather like today?A. It’s sunny.B. It’s rainy.C. It’s windy.Answer: BExplanation: The conversation between two friends mentions that they need to take an umbrella because it’s raining outside. Hence, the correct answer isB.20.Listen to the dialogue and complete the following sentence.Question: What are the two friends planning to do this weekend?A. Go to the movies.B. Visit a museum.C. Go to a concert.Answer: AExplanation: In the dialogue, the friends discuss their plans to go to the cinema this weekend. Therefore, the correct answer is A.二、阅读理解（30分）Title: The Journey of the WindThe wind has been a silent traveler since the beginning of time. It whispers secrets to the trees, carries the laughter of children, and dances across the waters. In this story, we follow the journey of a single wind as it crosses different landscapes and experiences various adventures.One sunny morning, the wind was born high above the mountains. It felt the warmth of the sun on its face and the coolness of the morning dew. With a gentle push from the sun, the wind began its journey, eager to explore the world below.As it descended, the wind encountered a forest of tall trees. The trees swayed and rustled with the wind’s touch, creating a symphony of sounds. The wind listened to the conversations of the leaves and felt the joy of the trees as they grew stronger with the sun’s energy.Continuing its journey, the wind reached a village. Here, it felt the warmthof the homes and the love of the people. The wind played with the children, who chased after it, laughing and calling it their friend. The wind carried the villagers’ prayers and dreams high into the sky.The wind then moved to a river, where it watched the boats float gently on the water’s surface. It felt the coolness of the water and the rhythmic flow of the river. The wind joined the dance of the waves, creating ripples that spread out across the water.Finally, the wind reached the ocean. It soared over the vast expanse, feeling the freedom of the sky. The wind played with the clouds, shaped them into various forms, and watched as they moved across the horizon. It knew that its journey was never-ending, as it would always be part of the natural cycle of life.Questions:1.Where did the wind begin its journey?A) In a villageB) Above the mountainsC) In the oceanD) In a forest2.What did the wind experience in the forest?A) The coolness of the morning dew and the warmth of the sunB) The conversations of the leaves and the joy of the treesC) The laughter of children and the rhythmic flow of the riverD) The coolness of the water and the dance of the waves3.How did the wind feel about its journey to the ocean?A) Confused and lostB) Free and joyfulC) Sad and tiredD) Angry and frustratedAnswers:1.B) Above the mountains2.B) The conversations of the leaves and the joy of the trees3.B) Free and joyful三、完型填空（15分）Passage:In the small town of Willow Creek, there was once a grand library that had stood for over a century. The library was filled with thousands of books on every imaginable topic. However, as time passed, the library began to fall into disrepair. The once bustling place had become a quiet, forgotten corner of the town.One day, a young girl named Emily walked into the library. She had always been fascinated by the stories in the old books. As she wandered through the aisles, she noticed a dusty, leather-bound book that seemed to call out to her. She opened it and found a map hidden inside. The map showed a hidden room behind the library, rumored to contain a treasure.Emily was determined to find this hidden room and uncover the treasure. Shebegan her search, asking questions and following clues. She met a kind old man named Mr. Thompson who had lived in Willow Creek all his life. He knew a lot about the history of the library and was eager to help Emily.“Emily,” he said, “the treasure is not just gold or jewels. It’s the knowledge and stories contained in those books. The real treasure is the power of reading.”Emily understood his words and continued her search. She discovered that the library had been built on the site of an ancient village, and many of the books were written by the villagers themselves. Each book held a piece of their history and culture.After much effort, Emily finally found the hidden room. Inside, there was a small chest filled with old letters, photographs, and even a few small, ornate boxes. But the most precious thing she found was a collection of old,hand-written stories from the villagers.Questions:1.The library in Willow Creek had stood for over a century, which means it was__________.a) recently builtb) very oldc) in the middle of the townd) a popular place2.Emily was___________about the stories in the old books.a) indifferentb) interestedc) boredd) confused3.The map showed a hidden room___________the library.a) aboveb) behindc) besided) below4.Mr. Thompson was___________to help Emily.a) reluctantb) eagerc) indifferentd) angry5.Emily found that the real treasure was the___________contained in the books.a) goldb) jewelsc) knowledge and storiesd) old lettersAnswers:1.b) very old2.b) interested3.b) behind4.b) eager5.c) knowledge and stories四、语法填空题（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1、The book_(be) on the table is my favorite one.答案：is解析：此题考查主谓一致。

《职业卫生与职业医学》常用英语词汇occupational health职业卫生学industrial hygiene工业卫生工程学Occupational hazard职业性危害Occupational adverse effect／damage职业性损害／损伤Occupational tolerance职业耐受性Occupational injury／work injury工伤Occupational disorders职业性疾患Occupational diseasesDiagnosis of occupational diseaseEmergency rescue centerhealth promotioncompensable diseasework—related diseaseoccupational stigmahost risk factorhigh risk groupoccupational health servicethree levels of preventionprimary preventionsecondary preventiontertiary preventionprimary health carework physio1ogyoccupational psychology ergonomicshuman factors engineering mental workphysical workoxygen demandmaximum oxygen uptake oxygen debtsteady stateintensity of workshift workdual classification of work intensity static work／effortisometric contractiondynamic workisotonic contractiondynamic stereotype occupational stressstressor职业病职业病的诊断应急救援中心健康促进需赔偿的疾病工作有关疾病职业特征个体危险因素高危人群职业卫生服务三级预防第一级预防第二级预防第三级预防初级卫生保健工作(职业)生理学职业心理学人类工效学人机因素工程学脑力劳动体力劳动氧需氧上限氧债稳定状态工作强度轮班制工作强度双重分级法静力作业等长性收缩动态作业等张性收缩动力定型职业性紧张紧张因素stress紧张strain or stress reaction紧张反应modifier调节(缓解)因素person—environment fit model人一环境相适应模式job demands—control model工作需求一控制模式psychosocial stresses社会心理紧张quantitative overload超负荷quantitative underload负荷不足work capacity作业能力induction period入门期steady period稳定期fatigue period疲劳期terminal motivation终末激发training锻炼exercise练习fatigue疲劳overstrain过劳physical stress体力紧张psychological strain心理过劳mismatch失衡micropause工间小歇break工间休息active rest积极休息physical strain体力过劳occupational cumulative trauma or disorders职业蓄积性损伤或疾患flat foot扁平脚varicosity of lower extremity下肢静脉曲张abdominal hernia腹疝kyphosis驼背scoliosis脊柱侧凸low back pain下背痛lumbar insufficiency腰肌劳损lumbago腰痛sciatica坐骨神经痛temosynovitis腱鞘炎occupational cramp职业性痉挛occupational neurosis职业性神经机能症writer's cramp书写痉挛styloiditis茎突炎epicondylitis上踝炎periarthritis关节周炎bursitis滑囊炎Dupuytren’s contracture掌挛缩病callus胼胝singer’s nodules歌唱家小结节psychological strain心里过劳post—traumatic stress disorder外伤后紧张性精神病mass psychogenic illness群体精神病video display terminal，VDT视屏显示终端occupational neck and upper extremity disorder职业性颈肩腕综合征computer operator syndromedustfumevaporgassolidliquidmistproductive dustproductive fumeaerosoltarget organblood brain barriesplacental barriesskin barriesabsorptiondistributionexcretionblood／air partition coefficientlipid／waterpartitioncoefficientbiotransformationdepotacute poisoningsubacute poisoningchronic poisoningpoison’sabsorptionleadcoproporphyrin，CP freeerythrocyteprotoporphyrin，FEP zinc protoporphyrin，ZnPP一aminolaevulinicacid，一ALA transmmlganin粉尘烟蒸气气体固体液体雾生产性粉尘生产性烟尘气溶胶靶器官血脑屏障胎盘屏障皮肤屏障吸收分布排泄血／气分配系数脂／水分配系数生物转化储存库急性中毒亚急性中毒慢性中毒毒物的吸收铅粪卟啉红细胞游离原卟啉锌原卟啉—氨基一一酮戊酸转锰素电脑操作综合征mercury汞manganese锰chromium铬beryllium铍zinc锌nickel镍antimony锑tin锡phosphorus磷arsenic selenium boronirritant gas chlorine phosgene ammonia asphyxiating gas organic solvents benzene toluenexyleneaniline nitrobenzene carbon tetrachloride vinyl chloride acrylonitrile styrene butadiene carbondisulfide phenols compound hippuric acid methyl hippuric acid Heinz body trinitrotoluene anilineplasticssynthetic fiber synthetic rubber polymer monomer pesticide砷硒硼刺激性气体氯光气氨窒息性气体有机溶剂苯甲苯二甲苯苯胺硝基苯四氯化碳氯乙烯丙烯腈苯乙烯丁二烯二硫化碳酚类化物马尿酸甲基马尿酸赫恩滋小体三硝基甲苯阿尼林(苯胺)塑料合成纤维合成橡胶聚合物单体农药insecticide杀虫剂acaricide杀螨剂nematocide杀线虫剂molluscacide杀软体动物剂rodenticide杀鼠剂fungicide杀菌剂herbicide除草剂defoliant脱叶剂plant growth regulator organophosphorus pesticide organophosphatesthio--organophosphatescholinesterase，ChE acetylcholine，Ach neurotoxicesterase，NTE carbamatescarbarylpneumoconiosisinorganic dustorganic dustmixed dust aerodynamicequivalentdiameter，AED non—inhalable dustinhalable dustrespirable dustimpactionsedimentationdiffusioninterceptionsilicosissilicatosis植物生长调节剂有机磷农药有机磷酸酯类硫代有机磷酸酯类胆碱酯酶乙酰胆碱神经毒酯酶氨基甲酸酯类西维因(胺甲奈)尘肺无机粉尘有机粉尘混合性粉尘空气动力学直径非吸入性粉尘可吸人性粉尘呼吸性粉尘撞击沉降弥散截留矽肺硅酸盐肺carbon black pneumoconiosis碳黑尘肺mixeddustpneumoconiosis混合性尘肺metallic pneumoconiosis金属尘肺byssinosis棉尘症occupational allergic alveolitis职业性变应性肺泡炎chronic obstructive pulmonary非特异性慢性阻塞性肺病quartzacute silicosisdelayed silicosissilanol grouphydrogen bondasbestosdustandasbestosischrysotileamphibole groupcrocidoliteamositeanthophyllitethemoliteactinolitehornblendeferruginous bodycoalworker'spneumoconiosisprogressive massive fibrosis，PMFfarmer’s lungheat stressheat load physiological heat strain hyperthermiaheat acclimatization heatstressprotein，HSP heat strokesun stroke石英速发型矽肺晚发型矽肺硅烷醇基团氢键石棉粉尘和石棉肺温石棉闪石类青石棉铁石棉直闪石透闪石阳闪石角闪石含铁小体煤工尘肺进行性大块纤维化农民肺热应激热负荷生理性热应激反应过热热适应热应激蛋白热射病日射病heat cramp热痉挛heat exhaustion热衰竭evaporation蒸发radiation辐射naturalventilation自然通风mechanical ventilation机械通风bends屈肢症acclimatizationnoisesound pressurethreshold of hearingthreshold of painingsound intensitysound leveldecibel，dBsound frequencyinfrasonicsultrasonicsoctave bandloudnessloudness level equalloudnesscontoursweighted sound level speechinterferencelevelimpulsive noisesteady state noise auditoryadaptationauditory fatigue temporaryhearingthresholdshift，TTS permanent hearing threshold shift，PTS hearing impairment习服噪声声压听阈痛阈声强声级分贝声频次声超声频带响度响度级等响曲线计权声级语言干扰级脉冲噪声稳态噪声听觉适应听觉疲劳暂时性听闻位移永久性听同位移听力损伤noise—induceddeafness噪声性耳聋explosivedeafness暴震性耳聋vibration振动vibrationalfrequency振动频率displacement位移amplitude振幅velocityaccelerationpeak valuepeak--to—peakvalueaverage valuenatural frequencyresonanceresonant frequency frequencyweightedacceleration whole—bodyvibration segmentalvibration hand—transmittedvibration hand—armvibrationmotion sicknessRaynaud'sphenomenonSegmentalvibrationaldiseaseRaynaud's phenomenon of occupational origin Vibrationalwhitefinger，VWFhand—arm vibrational syndrome，HAV vibrationadisease reducedcomfortboundary速度加速度峰值峰一峰值平均值固有频率共振共振频率频率计权加速度全身振动局部振动手传振动手臂振动运动病雷诺氏现象局部振动病职业性雷诺氏现象振动性白指手臂振动综合征振动性疾病舒适界限降低fatigue—decreasedproficiency疲劳减效界限boundary exposure limit承受极限nonionizingradiation非电离辐射electromagnetic radiation电磁辐射electromagnetic radiation spectrum电磁辐射谱high frequency electromagnetic field高频电磁场microwaveinfrared radiationultraviolet radiationelectro--ophthalmitislaserionizing radiationdecompressal sicknessmountain sicknessoccupationaltumorsoccupationally carcinogenic factorschloro--methyl--methyl--ether environmental monitoringbiologicalmonitoringexternal exposureinternal exposure healthsurveillance pre—employmentexamination periodical examinationscreening occupationalepidemiology associationcausal relationship exposure—response relationship微波红外辐射紫外辐射电光性眼炎激光电离辐射减压病高空病高山病职业肿瘤职业致癌因素氯甲甲醚环境监测生物学监测外接触内接触健康监护就业前检查定期检查筛检职业流行病学联系因果关系接触一反应关系exposure—effectrelationship接触一效应关系analytic epidemiologic study分析性流行病学调查cross—sectional study断面调查cohort study队列调查prospective study前瞻性调查historicalprospectivestudyretrospective cohort studyfollow—upstudy／longitudinalstudycase—control studyretrospective studyrelativerisk，RRattributable risk，ARodds ratio，ORstandardizedmortalityratio，SMRstandardized incidence ratio，SIRproportional mortality ratio，PMRtoxicityriskrisk assessmentacceptable riskhazard identificationqualitative risk assessmentdose—response assessmentquantitative risk assessment历史性前瞻调查回顾性队列调查纵向性随访研究病例一对照调查回顾性调查相对危险度归因危险度比数比标化死亡比标化发病比比例死亡比毒性危险性危险度评定可接受的危险度危害识别危险度的定性评定剂量一反应评定危险度的定量评定response反应effect效应uncertainty factor不肯定因素exposure assessment接触评定exposureestimation接触估测riskcharacterization危险度特征分析risk management generally regarded as safe levelvirtually safe dose，VSDhealthstandardexposurelimitmaximum allowable concentration，MAC thresholdlimitvalue，TLVthreshold limit value--timeweighted average, TLV-TWAthreshold limit value—shortterm exposure limit, TLV-STELthreshold limit value ceiling，TLV--Cpermissible exposure limit，PELhealth—based occupational exposure limit maximum allowable biological concentration，MABC biologicalexposurelimitbiological exposure index，BEIadverseeffecttechnological feasibility危险度管理一般认为安全的水平实际上安全剂量卫生标准接触限量最高容许浓度阈限值时间加权干均阈限值短时间接触阈限值上限值容许接触限值保证健康的职业接触限值最高容许生物浓度生物学接触限值生物接触指数有害效应技术上可行性economic feasibility经济上可行性industrial ventilation工业通风heat pressure热压air dynamic pressure风压fan普通风扇sprayingfan喷雾风扇lightingilluminationluminous fluxbrightnesslighting coefficient，Cprotective clothingregulation for occupational healthpreventive health inspectionroutinehealthinspectionoccupational health of working womenextrinsic allergic alveolitissmall scale industryconfounding effectsmaximumoxygenintakeheart rate，HRstepping testmaximumpermissiblelimit pneumonometervalidationdiscriminant analysis stepwiseregressionanalysis Average Batch CV，ABCV Reference value采光照明光通量亮度采光系数防护服劳动卫生法规预防性卫生监督经常性卫生监督妇女劳动卫生外源性变压性肺泡炎小工业混杂效应最大摄氧量心率阶梯试验最大容许限值肺通气量仪验证判别分析逐步回归分析方法平均批变异系数参考值Critical Value临界值Equivalent continuous A—weighted sound pressure level等效连续A声级31/ 31。

atom [ˈætəm]n. 原子；原子能；微粒=a + tom=一+ 汤姆联想：一只汤姆猫的大小和一个原子差不多大。

例句：A molecule of water consists of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. 水分子由两个氢原子和一个氧原子构成。

cater [ˈkeɪtər]v. 提供饮食，承办酒席；满足需要；投合，迎合=cat + er=猫+ 耳康联想：猫为耳康提供饮食，承办酒席，满足耳康的需要，迎合耳康的胃口。

例句：Most of our work now involves catering for weddings. 我们现在的工作多半是承办婚宴。

scatter [ˈskætər]v. 撒播；散开；驱散；n. 散落；零零星星=s + cat + ter=s + cat + tear去a=白娘子+ 猫+ 眼泪联想：白娘子往猫的眼泪里放了零零星星几粒仙丹，这样可以驱散坏人。

例句：The road serves the scattered habitations along the coast. 这条公路连接着海岸线上分散的聚居地。

cattle [ˈkætl]n. 牛=cat + tle=猫+ 偷发音联想：猫偷了牛的钱。

例句：These cattle are one of the purest breeds in Britain. 这些牛是英国最纯的品种之一。

category [ˈkætəɡɔːri]n. 种类，类别，类目=cate + go + ry≈cat + go + ry=猫+ 去+ 乳液拼首联想：猫去乳液部门找同种类的乳液。

例句：They placed the book in the wrong category. 他们把这本书错放到另一个类别中了。

ct是cat其中的两个字母，可以联想成猫。

试卷类型：A 2024年汕头市普通高考第二次模拟考试英语本试卷共8页，满分120分。

考试用时120分。

注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。

2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。

答案不能答在试卷上。

试题序号从“21”开始。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答无效。

4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

AAccording to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), hundreds of marine(海洋的) species across the world e under endangered and critically endangered categories. Some of the endangered and recognizable marine species are named here.Kemp’s Ridley Sea TurtleThe Kemp’s Ridley Sea Turtle, also known as the Atlantic Ridley Sea Turtle, is endangered as the rarest and smallest sea turtle.Distributed throughout the Gulf of Mexico and U. S. Atlantic seaboard, they gather off the coast in northeastern Mexico and e ashore in large groups to lay eggs every year. As marine reptiles(爬行动物), they are threatened by oil spills, lack of food and marine pollution.VaquitaAs a rare marine mammal, Vaquita is on the edge of extinction only a halfcentury after its first sighting.Extensive fishing in the Gulf of California has endangered this marine species, resulting in a gradual drop in population since the 1940s. According to reports, there are only a dozen of these marine mammals left in the world since the percentage of dec line in their population was as much as90% since 2011.WhaleFin Whale is the secondlargest mammal on the planet after Blue Whale and it is also a victim of hunting. According to estimates, the global population of Fin Whale ranges from below 100,000 to around 119,000.Humpback Whale, another whale species, has also been listed as an endangered marine species. Before the introduction of the whaling moratorium (暂停) in 1966, the species was hunted for its fur, while the population dropped by 90%. Currently, around 2,500 Humpback Whales survive in the world.Hawaiian Mon k SealA native of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, Hawaiian Mon k Seal is one of the earless seals who live on warm beaches, unlike other seals.According to recent research, only 1,400 Hawaiian Mon k Seals remain on the Islands. These seals are mainly threatened by predators like tiger sharks. Besides, other reasons like habitat loss and food limitation also contribute to their critical situation.21. Why do Kemp’s Ridley Sea Turtles land on the beach in large groups?A. To nest.B. To reproduce.C. To avoid attack.D. To hunt foods.22. What is the major threat to Hawaiian Mon k Seal?A. Global warming.B. Lack of food.C. Natural enemies.D. Habitat pollution.23. Which of the following is the most critically endangered species?A. Vaquita.B. Fin Whale.C. Humpback Whale.D. Hawaiian Mon k Seal.BChinese singer Gong Linna released her new song, titled Return Home, which describes the overseas Chinese people’s longing for their homeland.Performed in Chaoshan dialect, the song is part of Gong’s music project, which has the singer perform songs in different Chinese dialects. “It is very challenging to sing in Chaoshan dialect, which is a new language to me, and thanks to the songwriter Danny Sim and the song’s producer Wesley Tan, who speak the dialect, I received intensive training and practised very hard,” says Gong. “The beauty of dialects lies in telling stories of different places. It’s like a music al map, allowing me to explore different places through dialects.”The idea of the song came from Qiaopi, a unique form of mail that served as both a letter and a remittance (汇款) sent by overseas Chinese people to their families in provinces of Guangdong and Fujian in the 19th and 20th centuries. At that time, many of those emigrants, particularly from Guangdong and Fujian, sent money back home to support their families, as well as municating with their beloved ones and expressing their longing to be reunited.“Dialects are a source of knowledge, traditions and the country’s cultural heritage. When I listen to a song performed in a dialect, I feel the local culture instantly even though I never go there and know nothing about the place,” says Sim, who wrote lyrics for the song, adding that there are a growing number of musicians in China performing in dialects, which allow listeners to get an emotional touch.“Chaoshan dialect links people from the region. However, like many languages, it’s dying. Many young people, especially children, rarely speak the dialect, which is a sad thing.” Sim says, explaining why he is keen on writing songs by using the dialect, “I love my hometown and by writing songs in the dialect, I feel close to my home. Maybe that is, culture identity.”24. What difficulty did Gong face when performing the song?A. She had the language barrier.B. The culture was unfamiliar to her.C. The song had to fit in with the whole project.D. There were many unknown stories in the song.25. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the song?A. Its history.B. Its influence.C. Its inspiration.D. Its significance.26. What can we infer about the songs performed in dialects according to Sim?A. They are dropping in numbers.B. They are seldom sung by young singers.C. They can stimulate affective bond.D. They help us know many unknown places.27. What drives Sim to write songs in Chaoshan dialect?A. A sense of duty as a song writer.B. A sense of belonging to his hometown.C. His eagerness to revive Chaoshan culture.D. His addiction to the charm of the dialect.CWhen I was a child, the new year’s activity for my family is dumplingmaking, but it’s been years since I’ve last experienced the uniquely carefree fort and connection I felt during moments. My family has changed a lot, and gatherings like these simply don’t e together with the same ease as they once did.This year, I came home in the evening to a dark house with pieces missing. I noticed things that I wouldn’t have before, like how my family slept earlier and got up later and how my dog had more trouble jumping up on my bed. After all, it’s easier to bee blind to its subtle changes when you occupy it virtually every day of the year, and much harder when you must be exposed to months of accumulated change all at once.Personally, the most precious childhood privilege is not the free extra snacks from flight attendants, but the privilege of thinking of the people and relationships around you with a sense of permanence. I mean this in the sense that it escaped my eightyearold brain to think about how my parents were aging as I did or about the sacrifices they made for me until suddenly, I was an adult as they were.I turn 20 in a couple months, so I’ve been seized with a feeling of adulthood, which feels far stronger than the transition into legal adulthood at 18 ever felt. It seems as if the “teen” part of“19”keeps me attached to the same category as the one my newly 13yearold self occupied, carrying with it a certain fort in the social allowances made for the immaturity inherent (固有的) to youth. But marching into 20 is different.I’d so desperately wanted to move away and get a taste of independence upon starting college, but now I know that such freedom es with loss and responsibility. Now I start to understand the governance of a circularity (循环) inherent to our lives and have a newfound appreciation for the things that remain the same.28. What does the underlined word “subtle” in paragraph 2mean?A. Obvious.B. Sudden.C. Unusual.D. Unnoticeable.29. Which of the following might the author agree with when he was eight?A. Everything would be the same.B. His parents were being old.C. Free extra snacks were mon.D. His parents had done a lot to him.30. In what way is 20 years old different according to the author?A. Physical maturity.B. The social expectation.C. The loss of freedom.D. The shift into legal adulthood.31. What can be the best title of the passage?A. A newfound appreciation for life.B. The difference between teens and adults.C. My passing memories of childhood.D. My reflection on the switch into adulthood.DAmblyopia is the most mon cause of vision loss in children. In all cases of amblyopia, there’s a stronger eye and a weaker eye, and it’s winnertakeall in the cortex (大脑皮层). The cortex learns to ignore the signal from theweaker eye. By ignoring the weaker eye, the brain doesn’t fuse (融合) images from both eyes. As a result, people with amblyopia can have trouble seeing in 3D.In an attempt to solve this problem, doctors start treating patients with amblyopia at a young age, while their brain pathways are still developing. The children, usually under 7 years old, are often told to wear an eye patch over their strong eye to force the brain to rely on the weaker. But whenever the eye pa tch is removed, the petition can start over. For lasting improvement, new treatments need to teach the brain to stop suppressing(抑制) key visual cues ing from the weaker eye, says neuroscientist Dennis Levi of the University of California.Now, several research teams are taking a new way that aims to get the brain to make better use of the information ing from both eyes. Several panies are working on treatment s based on this new angle. One is called Luminopia.Luminopia’s therapy involves having children watch videos through a virtual reality headset. As the children watch, the headset blocks out certain parts of the display for each eye, so the patients actually have to bine input from the two images to get the full video.The pany conducted a trial showing that children with amblyopia begin to see better on eye chart assessments after three months of onehour sessions done six days a week. But they have yet to measure improvements in longterm effectiveness. It is believed that if people with amblyopia don’t learn to fuse signals from both eyes from a young age, they never will. So some scientists think attempting to treat adults, whose brains have suppressed signals from their weak eye for decades, is a lost cause.32. Why does a person with amblyopia have trouble seeing in 3D?A. His brain is unable to receive images.B. His weaker eye fails to receive signals.C. His stronger eye can’t send signals to the brain.D. His cortex overlooks signals from the weaker eye.33. Which of the following best describes the effect of an eye patch?A. Temporary.B. Ineffective.C. Wonderful.D. prehensive.34. What is the working principle of Luminopia’s therapy?A. Forcing the brain to rely on the weaker eye.B. Activating the weak eye to get the full video.C. Improving the situations with eye chart assessments.D. Blocking out the images received from the stronger eye.35. What can we learn about Luminopia’s therapy from the last paragraph?A. It has an instant effect.B. Adults are its main targets.C. It has longterm effectiveness.D. More trials need to be conducted.第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2024年6月9月电子科技大学网络教育统考大学英语B考试题库附答案一、选择题（每题2分，共40分）1. Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.( ) 1. I'm sure he is up to the job because he has already______a similar position in another company.A. heldB. takenC. filledD. occupied答案：A( ) 2. The company has changed a lot over the years, but it still retains______of the original building.A. the characteristicB. the characteristicsC. a characteristicD. characteristics答案：B( ) 3. If you don't want to miss the train, you had better______.A. hurry upB. speed upC. quicken upD. accelerate答案：A( ) 4. He______a lot of money on his new house.A. spentB. costC. tookD. paid答案：A( ) 5. The government is trying to______the gap between the rich and the poor.A. narrowB. reduceC. decreaseD. diminish答案：A( ) 6. The old man______a lot of weight since he started his new diet.A. shedB. lostC. dropped答案：B( ) 7. He______a letter to his mother every week.A. writesB. writes downC. writes upD. writes out答案：A( ) 8. The teacher______the students to work hard.A. encouragesB. promptsC. persuadesD. stimulates答案：A( ) 9. The government______the development of the national economy.A. promotesB. advancesC. progressesD. forwards答案：A( ) 10. The patient______after the operation.A. recoveredC. recoupedD. recycled答案：A( ) 11. The police______the criminal to surrender.A. orderedB. requestedC. demandedD. required答案：C( ) 12. He______the agreement before signing it.A. went overB. went throughC. went intoD. went by答案：A( ) 13. The company______a new product line last year.A. introducedB. broughtC. launchedD. started答案：C( ) 14. The student______his composition in time.A. handed inB. turned inC. submittedD. delivered答案：A( ) 15. The manager______the employee for his outstanding performance.A. praisedB. commendedC. appreciatedD. admired答案：B( ) 16. The teacher______the students for their hard work.A. rewardedB. repaidC. recompensedD. remunerated答案：A( ) 17. The company______a new branch in the city.A. openedB. foundedC. establishedD. set up答案：C( ) 18. The city has______a lot over the years.A. changedB. transformedC. convertedD. shifted答案：B( ) 19. The government______the law to protect the environment.A. enforcedB. executedC. implementedD. carried out答案：C( ) 20. The student______the class with his excellent grades.A. toppedB. headedC. ledD. guided答案：A二、完形填空（每题2分，共20分）Directions: There is a passage with 10 blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best fits into the passage.Passage:In the increasingly globalized world we live in, learning a second language has become an (1) ____. For many people, English is the language of choice. However, learning a new language is not an (2) ____ process. It requires (3) ____ of time, effort, and dedication.One of the most (4) ____ ways to learn a new language is through (5) ____. This can be done by traveling to a country where the language is spoken or by (6) ____ with native speakers. Another effective method is to (7) ____ language courses, either in person or online. Additionally, (8) ____ books, newspapers, and websites can also help improve language skills.It is important to (9) ____ that learning a new language is a journey, and it is okay to make mistakes along the way. The key is to (10) ____ practicing and not give up.1. A. requirementB. necessityC. needD. demand答案：B2. A. easyB. difficultC. simpleD. complex答案：A3. A. a great dealB. a lotC. a large numberD. a vast amount 答案：B4. A. effectiveB. efficientC. affectiveD. effective答案：A5. A. immersionB. submersionC. involvementD. engagement答案：A6. A. interactingB. engagingC. participatingD. involving答案：A7. A. attendB. takeC. joinD. participate答案：B8. A. readingB. studyingC. analyzingD. examining答案：A9. A. realizeB. understandC. recognizeD. acknowledge答案：C10. A. continueB. proceedC. go onD. persist答案：A三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）Directions: There is a passage in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice.Passage:The Internet has revolutionized the way we live, work, and communicate. It has opened up a world of possibilities, allowing us to access information, connect with people, and conduct business transactions from the comfort of our homes. However, along with its benefits, the Internet also brings challenges and risks.One of the major challenges is the issue of online privacy. With the vast amount of personal information being shared online, there is a growing concern about how this data is collected, stored, and used. Data breaches and identity theft have become common occurrences, posing a threat to individuals' privacy and security.Another challenge is the spread of misinformation. The Internet has made it easier for false information to circulate rapidly, leading to confusion and mistrust among users. This can have serious consequences, especially in areas such as health, politics, and finance.To address these challenges, it is important for individuals and organizations to take measures to protect their online privacy and verify the accuracy of the information they encounter. This can be done by using strong passwords, being cautious about sharing personal information, and relying on credible sources for information.Despite these challenges, the Internet remains apowerful tool for innovation and progress. It has transformed various industries, such as education, healthcare, and entertainment, by providing new platforms and opportunities. It has also facilitated global communication, bringing people from different cultures and backgrounds closer together.In conclusion, while the Internet presents challenges, it also offers numerous benefits. By taking necessary precautions and promoting responsible use, we can harness its potential and mitigate its risks.11. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To discuss the benefits of the Internet.B. To address the challenges of the Internet.C. To compare the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet.D. To provide solutions for the challenges of the Internet.答案：B12. According to the passage, what is one of the major challenges of the Internet?A. The limited access to information.B. The spread of misinformation.C. The lack of communication platforms.D. The inability to conduct online business transactions.答案：B13. What is the suggested solution for protecting online privacy?A. Sharing personal information freely.B. Using weak passwords.C. Verifying the accuracy of information.D. Being cautious about sharing personal information.答案：D14. According to the passage, how has the Internet transformed various industries?A. By eliminating traditional methods.B. By providing new platforms and opportunities.C. By making education, healthcare, and entertainment obsolete.D. By limiting global communication.答案：B15. What is the overall tone of the passage?A. OptimisticB. PessimisticC. NeutralD. Critical答案：C四、翻译（每题10分，共30分）Directions: For each of the following sentences, please translate it into Chinese.16. The rapid development of technology has changed the way we live and work.答案：技术的快速发展改变了我们的生活方式和工作方式。

设计海报招募新成员英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Designing a Recruitment Poster: A Creative ChallengeAs the president of the English Literature Club, one of my responsibilities is to ensure that our club continues to thrive and grow. With several seniors graduating this year, we need to attract new members to keep our community vibrant and engaged. That's why I've taken on the task of designing a recruitment poster – a visually captivating and informative piece that will hopefully pique the interest of potential new members.At first, the idea of creating a poster seemed straightforward enough. After all, how challenging could it be to put together some text and images on a single canvas? Little did I know that I was about to embark on a journey of creative exploration, problem-solving, and self-discovery.The Brainstorming PhaseBefore putting pen to paper (or pixels to screen, in this digital age), I knew I needed to gather my thoughts and come up with a solid concept for the poster. I started by jotting downwords and phrases that I associated with our club: books, literature, analysis, discussions, community, and so on. From there, I tried to visualize how these elements could be represented visually, either through imagery, typography, or a combination of both.One idea that stood out was to use a bookshelf as the central motif, with each book spine representing a different literary work or genre that our club explores. This could be complemented by various literary symbols or icons, such as quill pens, ink bottles, or even a cozy armchair – the kind you'd want to sink into while losing yourself in a good book.Another concept revolved around the idea of a literary journey, with a winding path leading through various scenes or landscapes inspired by famous works of literature. This could be a creative way to showcase the breadth and diversity of the literary world that our club delves into.The Design ProcessArmed with a few promising concepts, I fired up my trusty design software and began experimenting. I quickly realized that creating an effective poster required more than just slapping together some images and text – it was a delicate balance of visual hierarchy, composition, and color theory.One of the biggest challenges was finding the right imagery to convey the essence of our club without being too literal orcli ché. I spent hours scouring stock image libraries and curating a collection of visuals that felt fresh and engaging. From there, it was a matter of arranging and manipulating these elements in a way that created a cohesive and aesthetically pleasing composition.Typography also played a crucial role in the design process. I experimented with various font styles, weights, and sizes, constantly adjusting and refining until I found the perfect combination that was both legible and visually compelling. I also played with text placement, ensuring that the most important information – such as the club's name, meeting times, and contact details – was prominently displayed and easy to read.Along the way, I encountered numerous creative roadblocks and design challenges. Sometimes, an idea that looked great in my head just didn't translate well onto the canvas. Other times, I'd spend hours tweaking and refining a particular element, only to realize that it wasn't working and had to scrap it altogether. But through perseverance and a willingness to iterate and experiment, I gradually chipped away at the design until it started to take shape.The Final ProductAfter countless hours of design work, numerous revisions, and more than a few cups of coffee, I finally had a poster that I was proud of. The final product was a vibrant, visually striking piece that captured the essence of our club while also serving as an invitation for new members to join our literary community.The centerpiece of the design was a whimsical illustration of a bookshelf, with each book spine adorned with intricate patterns and designs inspired by various literary works. Surrounding the bookshelf were various literary symbols and icons, carefully arranged to create a sense of depth and movement. The color palette was a bold yet harmonious blend of rich hues, complemented by subtle texture overlays that added visual interest and depth.But perhaps the most important element of the poster was the copy – the words that would ultimately communicate our club's mission and values to potential new members. I spent a significant amount of time crafting a compelling and concise message that not only highlighted the benefits of joining our club but also spoke to the shared love of literature that brought us all together.As I stepped back and admired the final product, I couldn't help but feel a sense of accomplishment and pride. Not only had I created a visually stunning piece of design, but I had also learned invaluable lessons about creativity, problem-solving, and perseverance along the way.The Recruitment DriveWith the poster finally completed, it was time to put it to work and see if it would effectively capture the attention of prospective new members. We printed out copies and plastered them across various high-traffic areas around campus, ensuring that our message reached as many eyes as possible.In the days and weeks that followed, I was thrilled to see a steady stream of new faces attending our club meetings, many of whom cited the poster as the reason they decided to check us out. It was incredibly gratifying to know that my design efforts had paid off, and that our club would continue to thrive and grow thanks to the influx of fresh perspectives and enthusiasm.Reflecting on the ExperienceLooking back on the process of designing the recruitment poster, I can't help but feel a sense of personal growth and accomplishment. What started as a seemingly simple taskevolved into a complex and rewarding creative challenge that pushed me to expand my design skills, problem-solving abilities, and overall tenacity.Throughout the process, I learned the importance of clear conceptualization and planning, as well as the value of iteration and refinement. I also gained a deeper appreciation for the power of visual communication and how effective design can convey complex ideas and emotions in a single, impactful image.Perhaps most importantly, this experience reinforced the notion that creative pursuits, no matter how challenging, can be incredibly rewarding when approached with passion, dedication, and a willingness to learn and grow.As our club continues to flourish and welcome new members, I can't help but feel a sense of pride and ownership over the poster that played a role in attracting them. It's a tangible reminder of the power of creativity, and a testament to the fact that even seemingly small projects can have a significant impact when approached with care and thoughtfulness.So, to any aspiring designers or creatives out there, my advice would be to embrace challenges head-on, and never underestimate the potential impact of your work. Every designproject, no matter how big or small, is an opportunity to learn, grow, and leave your mark on the world around you.篇2Designing a Poster to Recruit New MembersHey everyone! My name is Emma, and I'm the president of the Drama Club here at Oakwood High School. We've got an exciting year ahead with our production of Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream planned for the spring. But first, we need to recruit some new members to join our club and maybe even audition for roles in the play!That's where this poster design project comes in. See, putting up eye-catching posters around school is one of the best ways to advertise our club and get people interested in joining. But you can't just slap some text on a blank page and call it a day.A really good poster needs to be visually appealing, with bright colors, fun fonts, and engaging graphics. It should instantly grab people's attention as they're walking down the hallway.For this recruitment poster, there are a few key things we want to get across:What is the Drama Club? We need to explain that it's a place for students to explore acting, stagecraft, playwriting, etc.What are the benefits of joining? Promise things like making new friends, boosting confidence/public speaking skills, looking good on college applications, and of course having a blast putting on awesome shows!When and where are the meetings? Give the basic logistics like day/time/location so interested people know how to get involved.Who can join? Make it clear this is open to all students, not just drama geeks! We want people from all walks of life.With those main points in mind, I started sketching out some potential poster designs. The most obvious path is to go with a theatre motif using theatrical masks as a visual focal point. You know, one happy mask and one sad mask? Super cliche, but it does get the message across clearly.Alternatively, we could use an image ofstage lights or a red curtain and dress it up with some fun fonts. Or maybe silhouettes of people in costume/acting out a scene? There are lots of possibilities to convey the drama theme in an engaging way.For the color scheme, we'll definitely want to use bold,eye-catching colors that pop off the wall. Maybe a vibrant red heading with black text on a bright yellow background? Thatwould definitely turn some heads. Though we'll have to be careful with color combos that are too jarring. We want to draw people in, not scare them away!In terms of actual text content, we'll want a couple of short, punchy headlines to grab attention like "Become a Star!" or "Your Stage Awaits!" Something exciting but simple. Then we can use slightly longer body copy to give more details about the club and meetings. Maybe add in a quirky fact too like "98% of Drama Club members report having a raucous good time!"It's so important to not overcrowd the design with too much text though. You have to find that perfect balance between getting key info across and leaving lots of open space. A busy, cluttered poster is an immediate turn-off. We want something clean and bold that commands attention from across the hallway.Speaking of which, strategic placement of these posters will be crucial too. We'll definitely want to blanket the main hallways where there's high foot traffic before classes. But we may want to hit some other unexpected spots too like the cafeteria, gym lobby, even bathroom stalls! Wherever idle eyes will potentially wander.Once we've got a solid design mocked up, we should mock up a few variations with alternate color schemes, text arrangements, etc. That way we can get feedback from Mr. Stephens (our faculty advisor) and current club members to determine which poster has the most stopping power before sending it off to the printers.This whole process definitely seems like a lot of work, but an amazing recruitment poster could be a total game-changer for our club! Can you imagine having so many new passionate members that we need to hold auditions for all the roles in upcoming shows? Or maxing out our club membership for once? With the right visuals and killer taglines, that incredibly dorky Drama Club stigma could finally be shattered. Who knows, we might even usher in a new era of popularity for theater geeks!Okay, maybe I'm getting a little carried away here. But you get the idea - put in the effort now with this poster design, and the potential rewards could be huge for the club. I, for one, can't wait to see what clever and eye-catching concepts everyone comes up with! Let's make some marketing magic happen, folks!篇3Designing a Poster to Recruit New MembersAs a student and member of the English Literature Club, I was recently tasked with designing a poster to help recruit new members for the upcoming academic year. Creating an effective poster is crucial for grabbing people's attention and conveying the right message about our club. In this essay, I'll walk you through my thought process, design decisions, and the overall experience of crafting a poster aimed at attracting new members to our beloved literary community.The first step in any design project is understanding your audience. In our case, the target audience consisted primarily of fellow students who share a passion for literature, reading, and intellectual discourse. However, we also wanted to appeal to those who might not have considered joining a literature club before, but could potentially develop an interest if presented with the right opportunity.With this in mind, I knew that the poster needed to strike a balance between showcasing the club's literary focus and highlighting the social aspects that make it an enjoyable and enriching experience. After all, what's the point of appreciating great works of literature if you can't share your insights and perspectives with like-minded individuals?The design process began with brainstorming ideas and gathering inspiration. I scoured the internet for examples of successful club posters, paying close attention to the layouts, color schemes, and typography choices that caught my eye. I also consulted with other club members to get their input on what they felt should be included or emphasized in the poster.One of the key elements I wanted to incorporate was a compelling headline that would immediately grab people's attention. After several iterations, I settled on "Unleash Your Inner Bookworm: Join the English Literature Club." I felt this headline captured the essence of our club while also adding a playful twist that might appeal to those who don't typically see themselves as avid readers.Next, I had to decide on the overall aesthetic of the poster. I wanted to create something visually striking yet not too overwhelming or cluttered. After experimenting with various color combinations, I settled on a bold red as the primary color, complemented by shades of black and white. Red is often associated with passion and energy, which I felt was a perfect fit for our literature-loving community.To further emphasize the literary theme, I incorporated silhouettes of classic book covers and quotes from renownedauthors into the design. These elements not only added visual interest but also served as a subtle nod to the literary discussions and appreciation that lie at the heart of our club.One of the biggest challenges I faced was ensuring that the poster conveyed all the necessary information without becoming too text-heavy or overwhelming. I had to carefully balance the amount of text with the visual elements, ensuring that the key details about meeting times, location, and contact information were easily discernible.Throughout the design process, I continually sought feedback from my fellow club members and made adjustments based on their suggestions. This collaborative approach not only improved the final product but also fostered a sense of ownership and pride among the existing members, who felt invested in the recruitment efforts.Once the design was finalized, the next step was to determine the best locations for displaying the posters around campus. We targeted high-traffic areas such as the student union, library, and academic buildings where our target audience was likely to frequent. Additionally, we utilized online platforms and social media channels to share digital versions of the poster,expanding our reach beyond the physical confines of the campus.In the weeks following the poster's unveiling, we began to see an uptick in interest and inquiries about the English Literature Club. Prospective members approached us with questions, eager to learn more about our activities and the benefits of joining. It was incredibly rewarding to see the poster resonating with our fellow students and sparking their curiosity.However, the true measure of success came when we held our first meeting of the academic year. To our delight, we welcomed a significant number of new faces, all drawn in by the allure of the poster and the promise of an engaging literary community. As I looked around the room, I couldn't help but feel a sense of pride and accomplishment, knowing that my design had played a role in bringing these individuals together.The experience of designing the recruitment poster taught me several valuable lessons that extend beyond the realm of graphic design. First and foremost, I learned the importance of understanding your audience and tailoring your message to resonate with them effectively. Additionally, I gained an appreciation for the power of collaboration and seeking feedback throughout the creative process.Moreover, this project reinforced the notion that design is not just about aesthetics; it's about conveying a message and evoking a specific response or action from your audience. In our case, the goal was to pique people's interest and entice them to join our club, and the poster served as the catalyst for achieving that objective.Looking back, I can confidently say that the effort put into designing the recruitment poster paid off in spades. Not only did it contribute to the growth and vitality of our club, but it also provided me with a hands-on learning experience that will undoubtedly prove invaluable in my future endeavors, both academic and professional.As I embark on new challenges and projects, I will carry with me the lessons learned from this experience, applying the principles of effective design, audience understanding, and collaborative problem-solving to whatever tasks lie ahead. And who knows? Perhaps one day, I'll have the opportunity to design another poster that captures the imagination and inspires others to join a community they never knew they needed.。

国际电联会议文件常用英语词汇aa single itu-wide website for planning国际电联规划专用网址c-01/20aap（alternative approval procedure）替换批准程序，非传统批准程序itu-t, itu-rabusive registration恶意注册acceptance of the convention接受《公约》accepted meanings公认含义c-00/2access使用（权），接入（权）c-01/14accession to the convention加入《公约》account record会计账册，会计记录c-00/21accounting会计（工作），结算（工作）accounting document会计凭证c-01/13accounting procedure会计（结算）程序（方法）c-01/13accounting rate结算价c-00/35accounts payable应付账目c-01/54accrued paid annual leave积存带薪年假action plan行动计划c-00/32actual itu《国际电联情况通报》actual performance实际执行情况c-03/02addendum补遗additional appropriation追加拨款additional fee附加收费卫星网络申报additional plenipotentiary conference 增开的全权代表大会c-01/41additional session增开会议c-00/6additional terms of reference governing external audit 有关外部审计的附加权限c-00/16addressing寻址，编址c-00/3ad-hoc group特设组c-01/28administrations主管部门administrative and general support services行政管理和一般支持服务c-01/21administrative committee on coordination (acc)（联合国）行政协调委员会c-00/23administrative due 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Neurology Asia 2008; 13 : 209 – 210Optic neuritis in China1Xiaojun Zhang, 1Jingting Peng, 1Nan Jia, 2Xiaoyu Yang, 3Wenbin Wei1Department of Neurology and Neuro-ophthalmology, 2Image Center, 3Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaBackground and Objectives: Optic neuritis is well studied in Western countries. Idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis (IDON) is considered to be a forme fruste of multiple sclerosis (MS), and has similar pathogenesis with MS. According to Optic neuritis Treatment Trial (ONTT), the cumulative conversion rate of IDON to MS is 30% in 5 years, 50% in 15 years from the first attack of IDON. Initial brain MRI abnormalities significantly increased the likelihood of development of MS. In the English literature, there are very few studies of IDON in mainland China. Our study aimed to describe the clinical features of a group of IDON patients in China, and to investigate its conversion rate to multiple sclerosis (MS) or neuromyelitis optica (NMO).Methods:The clinical charts of patients with discharged diagnosis of IDON during 2002 to 2007 were reviewed retrospectively. Only patients with good clinical data were included. The inclusion criteria of IDON were: 1. acute visual loss; 2. abnormal visual field test; 3. abnormal visual evoked potential and/or relative afferent pupil defect (RAPD); 4. At least one eye had visual acuity better than 20/40 at 12 weeks from onset. The exclusion criterion was optic neuropathy due to other causes or visual loss due to other ocular or intracranial diseases. All patients were telephoned and advised to come back for follow-up clinical assessment. For those who did not come back, we collected their clinical information as recorded by their local doctors, including the most recent measurement of visual acuity, whether there was any more attacks and if there were, the dates, symptoms and signs of these relapse, as well the results of any MRI study. Patients with any of the following conditions were excluded from the final data collection: those who met the IDON diagnostic criteria but had other neurological symptoms before the optic nerve attack or those could not be followed up or could not provide reliable clinical information. The revised McDonald criteria of MS and NMO criteria of 1999 were adopted. χ2 test was applied to analyze the relationship between the clinical features and conversion rate to MS or NMO.Results:A total of 273 charts were reviewed. Eighty-eight cases were excluded because the required clinical data were not complete, or neurological lesions other than optic nerve lesion were noted before the onset of optic neuritis. The other 78 cases were excluded because reliable follow-up data were not available. Eventually 107 IDON cases were included.1. Baseline data: Patients came from 23 provinces of Mainland China, mostly from the northern area. There were 58 (54.2%) female and 49 male, with age ranged from 6 to 59 years old, averaged 25.3 years old. Bilateral simultaneous or consecutive onset was reported in 51cases (47.7%). The attack was the first in 68 cases. Swollen discs were found in 43% of a total of 158 affected eyes. Visual acuity worse than 20/200, between 20/200 and 20/50, 20/40 or better were found in 90 (57%), 50 (31.6%) and 18 (11.4%) of the 158 affected eyes. All 107 patients had brain MRI and abnormal signals in white matter on T2 weighted MRI were reported on 33 (30.8%) cases. Spinal MRI was done in 3 cases and none of them showed any abnormality. All patients had cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis,22 of which were abnormal, including positive oligoclonal bands and elevated myelin basic protein. Transient neurological deficits other than visual loss were reported in 20 cases (18.7%) during hospitalization.2. Follow-up data:Follow-up time ranged from 6 months to 5 years from the first attack of optic neuritis, averaged3.5 years. Clinical follow-up including neurological and eye examinationsAddress correspondence to:Dr XJ Zhang, Department of Neurology and Neuro-ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing100730,China.Tel:86-10-58268860,Fax:86-10-58268861,E-mail:*******************209Neurology Asia December 2008210were done in 28 cases (26.2%), while the follow-up data of the other 79 cases were acquired by telephone. Brain and spinal MRI were done on 18 and 1 cases at follow up respectively. Visual acuity of most patients improved significantly, with 136 (86.1%) of 158 affected eyes had visual acuity better than 20/40. Only 7 eyes (4.4%) remained poor on testing with visual acuity worse than 20/200. A total of 12 cases (11.2%) converted into MS or NMO during follow up, including 10 women (83.3%) and 2 men. All 12 cases met the revised McDonald criteria for MS, of which 4 cases met NMO criteria of 1999. Statistical analysis found than women had higher conversion rate (10 of 58, 17.2%) than men (2 of 49, 4.1%, P<0.05). Higher conversion rate was also found in recurrent IDON compared with first-attack cases (23.1% vs 4.4%, P<0.01). Conversion rate of patients with initially abnormal brain MRI was 18.2%, higher than those with normal MRI (8.1%), but this was not statistically significant. Similar finding was noted between unilateral (13.8%) and bilateral simultaneously or consecutive optic neuritis (7.8%). No difference was found in comparing patients with or without swollen disc, or those with different extent of vision loss.Conclusion: In our group of patients consisted of both unilateral and simultaneously bilateral affected optic neuritis, severe visual loss was common, but most improved significantly. While 57% of affected eyes had initial visual acuity of worse than 20/200, nearly 90% of affected eyes had final visual acuity better than 20/40 at follow up. “MS-like” abnormal signals in white matter on T2 weighted MRI were found in about 30% of patients at the onset of optic neuritis. About 20% of patients had abnormal CSF analysis. During an average of 3.5 years of follow-up, 12 cases (11.2%) converted into MS or NMO, of which 4 met both MS and NMO criteria. Significantly higher conversion rate was found in female and recurrent IDON patients, (women 17.2% vs men 4.1%, P<0.05; recurrent IDON 23.1 vs isolated IDON 4.4%, P<0.01). Patients with abnormal initial brain MRI showed higher conversion rate than those with normal brain MRI, but this was not statistically significant. Conversation rate was also insignificantly higher in unilateral IODN when compared with those with simultaneously bilateral or consecutive onset. Even though our patients came from many provinces across China, this study only described clinical features and outcomes of IDON patients in one hospital in China.A more detailed follow-up and a prospective, multiple-centre study would produce more accurate information on optic neuritis in China.。

2024年6月大学英语六级听力原文(第1套)Conversation OneThank you for meeting with me, Stephen, at such a short notice.Not a problem, Margaret.Now please give me some good news. Have you agreed to my last proposal?I have indeed and I wish to sign the agreement, pending one small change to be made a contract.Margaret, we've been through this for almost a year now, back and forth making alterations.Are you sure you want to make a sponsorship deal for your clients or not?I ask this because frankly, some people at my end are running out of patience.I understand your concerns, but as I'm sure you understand, we hold our clients' best interests to be of the utmost concern.We therefore comb through the fine details of all contracts.Rest assured we all appreciate your firm's patience.Okay, fine. So what changes do you wish to make?Essentially, we would like the new deal to exclude the Middle East. That's all.The Middle East? Why?My client has a couple of other prospective marketing deals from companies in the Middle East.Those offers, should they materialize, would exclusively employ my client's image in the Middle East only.Therefore, in order to avoid any conflict, we would need to ensure that both marketing campaigns do not overlap geographically.What business sector in the Middle East are we talking about here?Real estate. Well, that should be okay then.So long as the product is very different from our food and beverage market, there should be no conflict of interest.Nevertheless, I will have to run this through my people.I don't foresee any problem, though.The Middle East is a negligible market for us.But I still need to check this with a couple of departments.Question 1. What does the woman say she will do?Question 2. What does the man say about some people he represents?Question 3.What reason does the woman give for the new deal to exclude the Middle East?Question 4. What does the man say about the Middle East?Conversation TwoNext, we have a special science-related new story. Paula Hancock isat the Denver Observatory.Paula, what is the big story over there?Hi, John. Yes, all the astronomers on site here are very excited.In fact, space enthusiasts all across North America and the rest of the Northern Hemisphere will be congregating on mountain tops tonight to watch the night's sky.Why? What's the big event? Is there an eclipse happening soon?Tonight, the Earth will come into close proximity with the Oppenheimer comet.It is the closest our planet has been to such a phenomenon in over 100 years.For this reason, it is expected that thousands of people will gaze up at the sky tonight in order to see this formidable object.How far away is this comet? Will people be able to see it with the naked eye?The Oppenheimer comet will still be millions of miles away on the edge of our galaxy.But nevertheless, this is a relatively close distance, close enough for people to observe in good detail through a telescope.People will only see a blur without one.However, that does not mean one needs professional equipment.Even the most ordinary of telescopes should be conducive for people to observe and wonder at this flying object.Many of our viewers will be wondering how they too can take part in this once-in-a-lifetime event.Where will this comet be in the sky? How can people find it?The comet will be almost exactly due north, at 60 degrees above the equator.However, finding the comet is indeed very tricky.And scientists here have told me there are plenty of phone apps that will facilitate this.How fantastic! Thank you, Paula, for the information.Question 5.What does the woman say about all the astronomers at the Denver Observatory?Question 6.What do we learn from the conversation about the Oppenheimer comet?Question 7. What does the woman say people will only see in the sky without a telescope?Question 8.What do scientists at the Denver Observatory advise amateurs do to facilitate their observation?Passage OneDietary guidelines form the basis for nutrition advice and regulations around the world.While there is strong scientific consensus around most existing guidelines, one question has recently stirred debate: should consumers be warned to avoid ultra-processed foods?Two papers published today in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition outline the case for and against using the concept of "ultra-processed foods" to help inform dietary guidelines, beyond conventional food classification systems.The authors, Carlos Monteiro of the University of Sao Paulo and Arna Ostrup of Novo Nordisk Foundation, will discuss the issue in a live virtual debate, August 14th, during NUTRITION 2024 Live Online.The debate centers around a system developed by Monteiro and colleagues that classifies foods by their degree of industrial processing, ranging from unprocessed to ultra-processed.The system defines ultra-processed foods as those made using sequences of processes that extract substances from foods and alter them with chemicals in order to formulate the final product.Ultra-processed foods are characteristically designed to be cheap, tasty, and convenient.Examples include soft drinks and candy, packaged snacks and pastries, ready to heat products, and reconstituted meat products.Studies have linked consumption of ultra-processed foods, which are often high in salt, sugar, and fat, with weight gain and an increased risk of chronic diseases, even after adjusting for the amount of salt, sugar, and fat in the diet.While the mechanisms behind these associations are not fully understood, Monteiro argues that the existing evidence is sufficient to justify discouraging consumption of ultra-processed foods in dietary recommendations and government policies.Question 9. What question is said to have recently stirred debate?Question 10.How does the system developed by Monteiro and colleagues classify foods?Question 11.What is consumption of ultra-processed foods linked with, according to studies?Passage TwoBelieve it or not, human creativity benefits from constraints.According to psychologists, when you have less to work with, you actually begin to see the world differently.With constraints, you dedicate your mental energy to acting more resourcefully.When challenged, you figure out new ways to be better.The most successful creative people know that constraints give their minds the impetus to leap higher.People who invent new products are not limited by what they don't haveor can't do.They leverage their limitations to push themselves even further.Many products and services are created because the founders saw a limitation in what they use.They created innovation based on what was not working for them at the moment.Innovation is a creative person's response to limitation.In a 2015 study which examined how thinking about scarcity or abundance influences how creatively people use their resources, Ravi Mehta at the University of Illinois and Meng Zhu at Johns Hopkins University found that people simply have no incentive to use what's available to them in novel ways.When people face scarcity, they give themselves the freedom to use resources in less conventional ways because they have to.Obstacles can broaden your perception and open up your thinking processes.Consistent constraints help you improve the connecting unrelated ideas and concepts.Marissa Meyer, former vice president for search products and user experience at Google, once wrote in a publication on Bloomberg, "Constraints shape and focus problems and provide clear challenges to overcome; creativity thrives best when constrained."Question 12.What do psychologists say people do when they are short of resources?Question 13. What does the passage say about innovation?Question 14. What did a 2015 study by Ravi Mehta and Meng Zhu find?Question 15.What did Marissa Meyer once write concerning creativity?Recording OneDifferent people use different strategies for managing conflicts.These strategies are learned in childhood.Usually, we are not aware of how we act in conflict situations.We just do whatever seems to come naturally.But we do have a personal strategy, and because it is learned, we can always change it by learning new and more effective ways of managing conflicts.When you get involved in a conflict, there are two major concerns you have to take into account: achieving your personal goals and keeping a good relationship with the other person.How important your personal goals are and how important the relationship is to you affect how you act in a conflict.Given these two concerns, five styles of managing conflicts can be identified.1. The turtle.Turtles withdraw into their shells to avoid conflicts.They give up their personal goals and relationships.They believe it is easier to withdraw from a conflict than to face it.2. The shark.Sharks try to overpower opponents by forcing them to accept their solution to the conflict.They seek to achieve their goals at all costs.Sharks assume that conflicts are settled by one person winning and one person losing.Winning gives sharks a sense of pride and achievement.Losing gives them a sense of weakness, inadequacy, and failure.3. The teddy bear.Teddy bears want to be accepted and liked by other people.They think that conflict should be avoided in favor of harmony, and believe that conflicts cannot be discussed without damaging relationships.They give up their goals to preserve the relationship.4. The fox.Foxes are moderately concerned with their own goals and about their relationships with other people.They give up part of their goals and persuade the other person in a conflict to give up part of his goals.They seek a solution to conflicts where both sides gain something.5. The owl.Owls view conflicts as problems to be solved.They see conflicts as improving relationships by reducing tension between two people.They try to begin a discussion that identifies the conflict as a problem.By seeking solutions that satisfy both themselves and the other person, owls maintain the relationship.Owls are not satisfied until a solution is found that achieves their own goals and the other person's goals, and they are not satisfied until the tensions and negative feelings have been fully resolved.Question 16.Why does the speaker say strategies for managing conflicts can always be changed?Question 17.What is said to affect the way one acts in a conflict?Question 18. Of the five styles the speaker discusses, which views conflicts as problems to be solved?Recording TwoThe genetic code of all 1.5 million known species of animals and plants living on Earth will be mapped to help save species from extinction andboost human health.Scientists hope that cracking the genetic code of plants and animals could help uncover new treatments for infectious diseases, slow aging, improve crops and agriculture, and create new bio-materials.In Britain, organisations including the Natural History Museum, the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew and the Wellcome Sanger Institute have joined forces to sequence Britain's 66,000 species of animals and plants.Dubbed the Darwin Tree of Life Project, it is expected to take 10 years and cost 100 million pounds.Once completed, all the information will be publicly available to researchers.Many scientists believe that Earth has now entered the sixth mass extinction, with humans creating a toxic mix of habitation loss, pollution and climate change, which has already led to the loss of at least 77 species of mammals and 140 types of birds since 1500.It is the biggest loss of species since the dinosaurs were wiped out 66 million years ago.Scientists say that sequencing every species will revolutionize the understanding of biology and evolution, bolster efforts to conserve as well as protect and restore biodiversity.Dr. Tim Littlewood, head of Life Sciences Department at the Natural History Museum said, "Whether you are interested in food or disease, the history of how every organism on the planet has adapted to its environment is recorded in its genetic makeup.How you then harness that is dependent on your ability to understand it.We will be using modern methods to get a really good window on the present and the past.And of course, a window on the past gives you a prospective model on the future."Sir Jim Smith, Director of Science at Wellcome said, "Try as I might, I can't think of a more exciting, more relevant, more timely, or more internationally inspirational project.Since 1970, humanity has wiped out 60 percent of animal populations.About 23,000 of 80,000 species surveyed are approaching extinction.We are in the midst of the sixth great extinction event of life on our planet, which not only threatens wildlife species, but also imperils the global food supply.As scientists, we all realize we desperately need to catalogue life on our fragile planet now.I think we're making history."Question 19.What do scientists hope to do by cracking the genetic code of plants and animals?Question 20. What do many scientists believe with regard to Earth?Question 21.How does Sir Jim Smith, Director of Science at Wellcome, describe the Darwin Tree of Life Project?Recording ThreeJohn Donne, the English poet, wrote in the 17th century, "No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main."Now, a British academic has claimed that human individuality is indeed just an illusion, because societies are far more interconnected at a mental, physical, and cultural level than people realize.In his new book, The Self Delusion, Professor Tom Oliver, a researcher in the Ecology and Evolution group at the University of Reading, argues there is no such thing as "self", and not even our bodies are truly "us".Just as Copernicus realized the Earth is not the center of the universe, Professor Oliver said society urgently needs a Copernican-like revolution to understand people are not detached beings but rather part of one connected identity."A significant milestone in the cultural evolution of human minds was the acceptance that the Earth is not the center of the universe, the so-called Copernican Revolution," he writes.However, we have one more big myth to dispose of: that we exist as independent selves at the center of a subjective universe.You may feel as if you are an independent individual acting autonomously in the world; that you have unchanging inner self that persists throughout your lifetime, acting as a central anchor-point with the world changing around you.This is the illusion I seek to tackle. We are intimately connected to the world around us."Professor Oliver argues there are around 37 trillion cells in the body but most have a lifespan of just a few days or weeks, so the material "us" is constantly changing.In fact, there is no part of your body that has existed for more than ten years.Since our bodies are essentially made anew every few weeks, the material in them alone is clearly insufficient to explain the persistent thread of an identity.Professor Oliver claims that individualism is actually bad for society, and only by realizing we are part of a bigger entity can we solve pressing environmental and societal problems.Through selfish over-consumption we are destroying the natural world and using non-renewable resources at an accelerating rate."We are at a critical crossroads as a species where we must rapidly reform our mindsets and behavior to act in less selfish ways," he said."So let's open our eyes to the hidden connections all around us."Question 22. What is indeed just an illusion according to Professor Tom Oliver?Question 23. What does Professor Tom Oliver think of the idea that we exist as independent selves at the center of a subjective universe?Question 24. Why does Professor Tom Oliver claim that the material "us"is constantly changing?Question 25. How can we solve pressing environmental and societal problems according to Professor Tom Oliver?。