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高中英语学习资料madeofjingetieji3．过去分词作宾语补足语可以接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下两类:A) 表示感觉或心理状态的动词.如 :see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think 等.I heard the song sung in English.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌She found the door closed.B)表示 "致使 "意义的动词 .如 :have, make, get, keep, leave 等比方：He’ s going to have his hair cut.I must get my bike repaired.He was trying to make himself understood.注意：使役动词have 接过去分词作宾补有两种情况.1.过去分词所表示的动作由别人完成 . (1) He had his money stolen. 他的钱给偷了 .( 被别人偷去了 )2.过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历 .如 : (2) He had his leg broken. 他的腿断了 . ( 自己的经历 )4．过去分词作状语过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语 ,此时应注意人称一致，即二者是被动关系。
这跟现在分词作状语正好相反。
表示被动的和完成的动作修饰谓语，说明动作发生的背景或情况。
如：Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题.(given 为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语I ,即 I 被再给一个小时.)Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮 .(seen 为过去分词作状语 ,表 " 被看 ",由语境可知 ,它的逻辑主语必定是城市 ,而不是 " 我们 ", 因为" 我们 " 应主动看城市 .)A)作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。
过去分词作宾语补足语1.过去分词的结构：done2.宾语补足语的定义：指跟随在直接宾语之后修饰和补充说明直接宾语的单词或短语；e.g. ①His father named him Doming.②They painted their house white.③He asked me to lend my computer to him.④We saw her leaving.⑤I always find him in the classroom.⑥Let the fresh air in.⑦You cannot call it what you will.⑧We must get the work finished by 10 o’clock.3. 过去分词作宾语补足语:(1)用法：①及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
e.g. He got his bad tooth pulled out yesterdayHe found his new bike stolen.②少数不及物动词如go, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成。
因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。
e.g. I found the leaves fallen two days ago.She found her necklace gone on her way home.③动词seat, hide, dress 等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示宾语的状态，而不表示被动或完成的意义。
e.g. On coming in, I found a girl seated in the corner.I like her dressed in red.(2)使用情况①用在部分系动词（keep, leave）之后表状态或是被动；e.g. They kept the door locked for a long time.Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.②部分使役动词(get, have, make, etc.)之后表被动；e .g. I have had my bike repaired.I raised my voice to make myself heard.③像Watch, notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find等动词之后表被动或是状态；e.g. When we got to school, we saw the door locked.We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.④像want, wish, like, expect, order等动词之后表被动；e.g. The teacher won’t like the problem discussed at the moment.I want the suit made to his own measure.⑤用于“with +宾语+宾语补足语”的结构表被动或完成。
过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的、完成的动作，宾语补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。
【归纳】可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的（短语）动词有：1. watch, see, observe, look at, hear, listen to, find, notice等感官动词。
如：I watched the desk carried out of the classroom.The man found his hometown entirely destroyed.2. make, get, have, keep, leave等使役动词。
如：My mother has her hair cut every two months.We must get the work finished before 6 o’clock.The speaker didn’t know how to make himself understood.3. want, order等表示希望、命令等意义的动词。
如：All of us wanted such questions discussed at the meeting.The manager ordered the problem settled as soon as possible.【拓展】★介词with后也可接过去分词作宾语补足语，构成with复合结构。
如：With more flowers planted, the garden looks very beautiful.★动词⁃ing形式、过去分词和不定式作宾语补足语的区别：动词⁃ing形式和不定式作宾语补足语，宾语是其动作的执行者。
动词⁃ing形式强调动作的正在进行或延续性，不定式强调动作的全过程。
过去分词作宾语补足语，通常宾语是其动作的承受者，多强调动作的完成。
过去分词作宾语补足语宾语补足语用来补充说明句子的宾语。
过去分词作宾补时具有以下特点：（1）过去分词（done ）常表示动作的完成、状态或动作的全过程。
（2）宾语与过去分词在逻辑上常存在着被动关系。
（3）不及物动词的过去分词作宾补时没有被动意味，只表示动作的完成和状态。
I was glad to see the child well taken care of .He kept the windows shu t all the year.Could you please mak e yourself known to us ?You must get your article finished before going home.When I returned there, I found the bag gone.2. 后接过去分词作宾补的词：（1）表感知的动词：see, watch, find, observe, notice, hear, feel, taste, smell , etc.I heard the song sung in the next room.（2）表使役的动词：have, make, get , etc.We should work harder to get the work done on time.（3）表想法、愿望的动词：want, should like, would like , etc.I want the photo copied.I ’d like Lucy invited, too.（4）表某种状态的词：keep, leave , etc.When you were out, you should keep the lights turned off.The boys went to play football, leaving their homework undone.(5) with +n+P.PHe sat there with his eyes fixed on the TV . with his eyes closed. He went home happily with his work finished. 重难点1： make / have sb. do 命令/安排某人做某事 have sb. doing have sb. / sth. done重难点2：过去分词作宾补和其他非谓语作宾补。
Grammar——过去分词作宾语补足语[思维导图]作宾语补足语的过去分词一般来自及物动词，表示被动和完成意义，说明宾语所处的状态。
一般跟它前面的宾语在逻辑上构成动宾关系，表示被动意义，其结构形式为：主语＋谓语动词＋宾语＋过去分词。
一、常见的过去分词作宾语补足语的情况1.感官动词see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
When I came in，I saw a strange girl seated in the corner.我进来时发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。
The next morning people noticed the world outside their houses completely changed.第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。
2.使役动词have/get和make后，用过去分词作宾语补足语。
(1)“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示两种含义：“让别人做某事”或“遭遇到某种不幸”。
She had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.她在飞机起飞前一个小时对她的行李进行了安检。
Before driving into the city，you are required to get your car washed.在开车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。
My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.上个月，我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。
(2)在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。
He walked into the room quietly in order not to make himself noticed.他悄悄地走进房间，以免引起别人的注意。
过去分词做宾语补足语
A 宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语.
B 带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等）+直接宾语（名词或代词）+宾语补足语
C宾语补足语的形式:作补足语的典型词类是形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词等
1.They elected John monitor.
2. He treated his mistake as a joke.
3. We heard her singing a song.
4. He told me to make my own decision.
5. I think it wrong of him to decline my offer.
6. He watched an insect caught by a bird.
D用过去分词充当宾语补足语：能用宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。
Eg. 1 After waking up, I found everyone gone.
2 The speaker raised her voice to make herself heard.
3 They found their new bikes stolen.
E 过去分词作宾补常用于以下五个方面:
1 过去分词用在表示状态的动词keep ，leave 等的后面。
They kept the door locked for a long time.
Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.
2.过去分词用在使役动词have, get,make 的后面。
（1）注意”have/get+宾语+ 过去分词”的两种用法：
①表示让别人做某事，如：1 I have had/got my bike repaired . 2 He had/got many trees planted just then.
②表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击”等。
如：
My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.
The old man had his wrist broken in the accident.
(2)”make + 宾语+过去分词”，在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的，如：
I raised my voice to make myself heard.
They managed to make themselves understood using very simple English.
3.过去分词用在感官动词watch ,notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find 等的后面
当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。
When we got to school, we saw the door locked.
我们可以听到大雨点敲打窗户的声音。
We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.
4.过去分词用在“with+宾语＋宾补”这一
结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
小偷被带进来了，双手被绑在后面。
The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.
周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花园。
With many brightly-colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.
5.过去分词用在want, wish, like, expect, order等表示“希望，愿望，命令”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。
老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。
The teacher wouldn’t like the problem discussed at the moment.
我想要这套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。
I want the suit made to his own measure.
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. I’m afraid I can’t make myself_________ (understand) clearly without explaining the question.
2. The manager was happy to see all of the problems ______ (settle) so quickly.
3. When I entered the office, I found the window _______ (break) and the computer ______ (steal).
4. James had some flowers _____ (send) to Sarah on her birthday.
F 过去分词、现在分词、和不定式做宾补的区别
1）现在分词做宾语补足语时，从逻辑上，他与宾语来说是主动（谓）关系，即宾语是宾语补足语所表示的动作的发出者。
而且它强调的是动作在进行或者是在延续。
2）不定式做宾语补足语与宾语在逻辑上来说也是主动（谓）关系，但它不表示动作正在进行，而强调的是动作的全过程。
(感官动词使役动词不定式作宾补省略to)
3）过去分词做宾语补足语时，它与宾语在逻辑上是一种动宾关系，即宾语是宾语补足语所表示的动作的承受者。
即(to) do 动作全过程已结束
v-ing 动作正在进行
pp. 表被动完成
I saw him take away the dictionary just now. (拿走了那本字典)
I saw him taking away the dictionary on the desk.(正在拿那本字典)
I saw the dictionary taken away by a child.(字典被拿走了)
用sing的正确形式填空。
I often hear the girl ____ this English song in her room.
2. The girl is often heard _______ this English song in her room.
3. I hear this English song ____ in her room.
4. This English song was heard ____ by the girl in her room.
5. I heard the girl _______ this English song in her room when I passed by.
用所给单词的正确形式填空
1 What he had said made me ________.（surprise）
2 There was a terrible noise _____ __ the sudden burst of light. (follow)
3 My glasses are broken. I’ll have to get them ________.(repair)
4 With her finger _______ to the broken vase, my mother asked me, “Who did that?”(point)
5 The doctor warned him ________ only food after the operation. (not eat)
用宾语补足语翻译下面句子
1. 地震之后，大家发现一切都改变了。
2.你最好检查一下身体。
3.这位老师如此的受欢迎以至于他的学生对他的讲座非常感兴趣。
4.越来越高的房价让我们很担忧。
5.只有用这种方法，你才可以使你的英语得到提高。
6.他的精彩演讲把大家都给吸引了。
