专业采矿词汇

1 Mining methodmining method 采矿方法；mining operation 采矿作业；transportation 运输；ventilation 通风；ground control 顶板管理；the cost of per ton of coal 吨煤成本；recovery 回采率；subside v. subsidence n.地表沉陷；subsidence control 地表沉陷控制cover 覆盖层；overburden 上覆地层；immediate roof 直接顶；floor 底板；dip （Pitch）倾角；hardness 硬度；strength 强度；cleavage 解理；gas，methane 瓦斯daily operation 日常工作single operation 单一工序unit operation 单元作业auxiliary operation辅助作业cutting n. 切割，掏槽；blasting n. 爆破loading n. 装煤haul v. 运输，搬运drainage n.排水power n. 动力power Supply 动力供应communication n. 通讯lighting n.照明。

disruption in production 停产；reduction in production 减产；compromise 折衷room and pillar 房柱式by far 到目前为止i n common with … 和…一样underground mining 井工开采outcrop 露头，露出地面的岩层；crosscut 联络巷、石门；drift 平硐；entry 平巷；development stage 开拓阶段；production stage 生产阶段；face 工作面。

continuous miner 连续采煤机；haulage capacity 运输能力；main entry 主巷。

采矿常见术语一、矿井1. 井口：位于地面的矿井入口，用于下井和上井。

2. 井筒：从井口向下延伸的垂直通道，连接井口和矿井底部。

3. 矿井底部：位于井筒的最底部，是矿工进行采矿作业的区域。

二、矿石开采1. 钻探：使用钻机或钻杆在地下开采矿石前进行预先定位和勘探。

2. 爆破：将炸药安置在矿石中，引爆以破碎矿石并方便后续的采集和运输。

3. 矿脉：矿石在地下形成的矿物质富集带，矿工需要找到矿脉才能进行开采。

4. 坑道：连接矿井底部的水平通道，用于运输矿石和矿工。

5. 支护：在坑道或巷道中设置支架和支撑材料，以防止坍塌和保护矿工的安全。

三、矿石处理1. 破碎：将矿石通过破碎机或破碎设备进行粉碎，使其符合后续处理的要求。

2. 磨矿：使用磨机将破碎后的矿石进一步细磨，以获得所需的粒度和浓度。

3. 浮选：利用矿石中不同矿物的物理和化学性质差异，通过浮选机将有用矿物从废石中分离出来。

4. 浓缩：将浮选获得的矿石浓缩，提高有用矿物的含量，减少废石的排放。

四、矿石运输1. 卡车：用于在矿山内部和矿山与加工厂之间运输矿石的车辆。

2. 输送带：将矿石从矿山中的一处运输到另一处的设备，提高运输效率。

3. 铁路：建设在矿山内部的铁路线路，用于长距离的矿石运输。

五、安全与环保1. 通风系统：在矿井中设置通风设备，保持空气流通，排除有害气体和粉尘。

2. 瓦斯抽采：利用瓦斯抽采设备将矿井中的可燃瓦斯抽出，防止矿井爆炸。

3. 尾矿处理：对矿石处理过程中产生的废弃物进行处理和回收利用，减少对环境的影响。

4. 安全检查：定期对矿山设备和施工场所进行安全检查，确保矿工的人身安全。

六、矿石质量与评估1. 矿石品位：矿石中有用矿物的含量，品位越高，矿石价值越高。

2. 矿石储量：矿山地下存储的矿石总量，是矿山开采能力的重要指标。

3. 矿石估价：根据矿石品位、储量和市场需求等因素进行矿石价值的评估。

以上是一些采矿常见术语的简要介绍，这些术语涵盖了矿井、矿石开采、矿石处理、矿石运输、安全与环保以及矿石质量与评估等方面。

英语词汇分类72：矿业、采矿bed, deposit, field 书馆矿床outcrop 露头fault 断层vein, sean, lode矿脉gold reef 金矿矿脉pocket 矿穴reservoir 储藏water table 潜水面，地下水面mine 矿stratum, layer矿层quarry 露天采石clay pit 粘土矿坑peat bog 泥炭沼gold nugget 块金gangue 脉石，矿石，尾矿prospector 探矿者prospecting 探矿boring, drilling 钻探auger, drill 钻excavation 发掘quarrying, extraction 采石borer, drill, drilling machine 钻机stonemason 石工锤stonecutter 切石机miner 矿工mining engineer 采矿工程师pan 淘金盘综（放）采工作面full-mechanized (caving) mining face 炮采工作面blasting mining face机采工作面mechanized mining face（急）倾斜煤层(steeply) inclined coal seam走向strike倾向direction dip,dip,inclination矿山压力underground pressure支承压力abutment pressure上覆岩层overlying rock strata薄、中厚、厚煤层thin,medium thick,thick coal seam （松散）含水层(loose) aquifer裂缝带crack zone垮落带caving zone顶、底板roof,floor顶煤top coal（掩护式）液压支架(shield) powered support割煤机coal cutter刮板机scrapper胶带输送机belt conveyor片帮coal slide冒顶roof fall岩爆（矿震、冲积矿压）rock burst自燃spontaneous combustion防水（砂）煤柱water(sand)-proof coal pillar 陷落柱collapse column煤（岩）巷coal(rock) roadway沿空巷道roadway along gob围岩surrounding rock突水water bursting"三软" soft roof,soft coal,soft floor地应力ground stress（开采）地表沉陷(mining) surface subsidence 高产高效high production and high efficiency 回风巷ventilation roadway运输巷transportation roadway火成岩（岩浆岩）igneous rock厚冲积层thick alluvium条带开采strip mining移动、变形movement,distortion极限平衡区limit equilibrium area可靠性，可行性，合理性，适应性reliability, feasibility, rationality,adaptability采出率、回收率mining rate,recovery rate埋管注氮nitrogen injection with buried pipe复合顶板combined roof断层fault喷浆grouting动压dynamic pressure地质灾害geological disasterEH-4电导率成像系统EH-4 electro-conducibility imaging system透气性（渗透性）permeability倾向性liability井下underground设备配套equipment match选型设计lectotype design撤架dismantling supports加固reinforcing安全阀safety valve积水seeper柔性支架flexible support伪斜apparent dip绞车房hoist room(winder chamber)暗立（斜）井blind (slope) shaft底臌floor heave破碎顶板cracked roof解放层protective coal seam电阻应变仪resistance strain instument坑口电厂pithead power plantcoal field 煤田coal mine 煤矿矿井colliery 煤矿opencast working 露天开采level 主平巷working face 工作面winding shaft, hoisting shaft 提升井ventilation shaft 通风井pithead, mine entrance 矿井口,井口gallery 平峒,平巷timbering, shoring 撑材,支护prop, shore 支柱lining, planking 加衬air vent 气孔,排气口truck 斗车slag 矿渣slag heap 矿渣场tip 矿渣堆collier, coal miner 矿工,煤矿工人pick 镐shovel 铲,锹wedge 楔子jumper 钻孔机explosive 炸药charge 凿岩机blast hole 钻孔undercutter 擦伤miner's lamp, safety lamp 矿灯,安全灯fire damp explosion 瓦斯爆炸cave-in 陷落landslide 坍落flooding 漫灌asphyxia, suffocation, gassing 窒息insulating tape 绝缘胶带jack 千斤顶can, jerrican 油桶fuel 燃油petrol 汽油(美作:gas)oil 油料lubrication, oiling 润滑油antifreeze 防冻液cooling water 冷却水antiskid 防滑装置tyre chain 防滑链(美作:tire chain) toolbox, tool kit 工具箱crank 摇把breakdown lorry, breakdown van 救援车辆(美作:tow car,tow truck)spare parts, spares 备件dipstick 油尺oil change 换油to vulcanize 硫化to inflate 充气tyre pressure 轮胎气压(美作:tire pressure)to fill the tank 加油petrol pump 加油泵(美作:gasoline pump)pump, air pump 气泵to adjust 整修to charge a battery, to recharge a battery 给蓄电池充电to decoke 脱硫(美作:to decarbonize)breakdown 故障mechanical failure 机械故障repair shop 维修车间to seize up 运转不畅accident 事故puncture, blowout 碰撞patch 修补to skid 打滑to knock 发出撞击声to tow, to take in tow 拖,拖曳accident insurance 事故保险insurance against theft 防盗保险fully comprehensive insurance 全险third-party insurance 第三方保险。

矿山主要专业术语1. 品位（矿石品位）品位就像是蛋糕里的水果，含量越多越有价值。

比如说，一块矿石里铜的品位如果很高，那就意味着从这块矿石里能提取出大量的铜，就像在一堆水果蛋糕里发现满满的都是新鲜又美味的草莓一样，那可太让人兴奋了。

2. 采场采场就是我们在矿山里挖矿的地方，这就好比是厨师的厨房。

在这个特殊的“厨房”里，矿工们像大厨一样忙碌着。

我曾经听一个老矿工说：“那采场啊，就是我们的战场，每天进去都得打起十二分精神。

”3. 矿脉矿脉就像大地母亲藏起来的宝藏脉络。

想象一下，它就像是大树的根，只不过树根吸收的是养分，而矿脉里藏着的是各种矿石。

就拿金矿脉来说，沿着它找下去，说不定就能找到一大片金子呢，那感觉就像找到了传说中的金山，哇塞！4. 顶板顶板就像我们头顶上的保护伞。

要是顶板不稳固，就像头顶上的伞破了个大洞，随时可能掉东西下来砸到我们。

有一次，我看到新矿工紧张地问老师傅：“这顶板安全不？”老师傅拍拍他的肩膀说：“放心吧，小子，咱们每天都检查，结实着呢。

”5. 底板底板就如同我们脚下的大地根基。

如果把矿山比作一栋大楼，那底板就是大楼的地基。

要是底板出了问题，就像大楼的地基不稳，整个矿山都会受到影响。

就像有一回，大家发现底板有点渗水，所有人都紧张起来，赶紧排查原因，就像守护自己的家一样。

6. 开拓巷道开拓巷道就像是在矿山里修的一条条高速公路。

这些道路是为了方便我们到达矿体，把矿石运出来。

你想啊，如果没有这些“高速路”，就像城市里没有道路，车开不了，矿石也运不出去，那多糟糕啊。

7. 回采巷道回采巷道呢，它更像是通往宝藏仓库的小通道。

矿工们顺着这些通道把矿石一点点开采出来。

有个年轻的矿工形容它：“这回采巷道就像一个个小胡同，每个胡同里都藏着宝贝呢。

”8. 充填体充填体就像是给矿山做的补丁。

当我们开采完一部分矿石后，为了防止地面塌陷之类的问题，就会用充填体把挖空的地方填上。

这就好比衣服破了个洞，我们要用布补上一样。

bed, deposit, field 书馆矿床outcrop 露头fault 断层vein, sean, lode 矿脉gold reef 金矿矿脉pocket 矿穴reservoir 储藏water table 潜水面，地下水面mine 矿stratum, layer 矿层quarry 露天采石clay pit 粘土矿坑peat bog 泥炭沼gold nugget 块金gangue 脉石，矿石，尾矿prospector 探矿者prospecting 探矿boring, drilling 钻探auger, drill 钻excavation 发掘quarrying, extraction 采石borer, drill, drilling machine 钻机stonemason 石工锤stonecutter 切石机miner 矿工mining engineer 采矿工程师pan 淘金盘氨基三乙酸(NTA) || aminotriacetic acid 胺基 || amino铵基 || ammonium安全地层 || safe formation安全试破 || safe destruction安全钻井 || safe drilling坳陷 || down warping region螯合 || chelation凹陷 || sag凹陷地层 || subsidence formation奥陶系 || Ordovician systemAPI模拟法 || API recommened methodB多靶点 || multiple target point白沥青 || white asphalt白油 || mineral oil白云母 || white mica半透膜 || semipermeable membrane包被絮凝剂 || flocculant包被 || envelop包被抑制性 || encapsulating ability 饱和度 || saturation饱和度剖面图 || pro of degree of saturation饱和盐水 || saturated salt water背斜 || anticlinal钡 || barium苯环 || benzene ring苯酚 || phenyl hydroxide本质区别 || essential difference泵压过高 || overhigh pumping pressure 比表面积 || specific surface area比吸水量 || specific absorption比重瓶法 || density bottle method避免 || avoid蓖麻油 || ricinus oil边界摩擦 || boundary friction扁藻（浮游植物） || algae变化趋势 || variation trend标准化 || standardization标准粘度测量 || standard visicosity measure表面粗糙度 || roughness of the surface 表面电位 || surface electric potential 表面活性剂 || surfactant ,surface active agent表面能 || interface energy表面粘度 || surface viscosity表面抛光 || sample surfaceAibbs表面弹性 || Aibbs surface elasticity表面张力 || surface tension表明 || verify /reveal表皮系数(S) || skin coefficient憋钻 || bit bouncing宾汉方程 || bingham equation丙三醇 || glycerine丙烯情 || acrylonitrile丙烯酸 || acrylic acid丙烯酸盐 || acrylate丙烯酰胺 || acrylamide薄而韧的泥饼 || thin,plastic and compacted mud-cake ||薄片 || flake薄弱地层 || weak formation泊松比|| poisson’s ratio剥离 || peel off补救 || remediation不分散泥浆 || nondispersed mud不干扰地质录井 || play no role in geological logging不均质储层 || heterogeneous reservoir 不均匀 || uneven不可逆 || irreversible不同程度 || inordinately部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(PHPA) || partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamideC参数优选 || parametric optimization 残酸 || reacted acid残余饱和度 || residual staturation残渣 || gel residue , solid residue测量 || measure侧链 || side chain侧钻水平井 || sidetrack horizontal well 层间 || interlayer层间距 || the distance between the two crystal layer, layer distance层理 || bedding层流 || layer flow差减法 || minusing尝试 || trial柴油 || diesel oil长连缔合物 || long chain associated matter操作方法 || operation method超伸井 || high deep well超深预探井 || ultradeep prospecting well超声波 || ultrasonography超高密度泥浆 || extremely high density mud超细碳酸钙 || super-fine calcium carbonate产层 || production/pay zone产层亏空 || reservoir voidage产量 || production ,output沉淀 || precipitation沉降 || subside沉降速度 || settling rate沉砂 || sand setting衬套 || sleeve程序 || program采矿mining地下采矿underground mining露天采矿open cut mining, open pit mining , surface mining采矿工程mining engineering选矿（学）mineral dressing, ore beneficiatio n, mineral processing矿物工程mineral engineering冶金（学）metallurgy过程冶金（学）process metallurgy提取冶金（学）extractive metallurgy 化学冶金（学）chemical metallurgy 物理冶金（学）physical metallurgy 金属学Metallkunde冶金过程物理化学physical chemistry of process met allurgy冶金反应工程学metallurgical reaction engineering 冶金工程metallurgical engineering 钢铁冶金（学）ferrous metallurgy, metallurgy of iron and steel有色冶金(学)nonferrous metallurgy 真空冶金(学)vacuum metallurgy等离子冶金(学)plasma metallurgy微生物冶金(学)microbial metallurgy 喷射冶金(学)injection metallurgy钢包冶金(学)ladle metallurgy二次冶金(学)secondary metallurgy机械冶金(学)mechanical metallurgy 焊接冶金(学)welding metallurgy粉末冶金(学)powder metallurgy铸造学foundry火法冶金(学)pyrometallurgy湿法冶金(学)hydrometallurgy电冶金(学)electrometallurgy氯冶金(学)chlorine metallurgy矿物资源综合利用engineering of comprehensive utili zation of mineral resources中国金属学会The Chinese Society for Metals 中国有色金属学会The Nonferrous Metals Society of China采矿采矿工艺mining technology有用矿物valuable mineral冶金矿产原料metallurgical mineral raw material s矿床mineral deposit特殊采矿specialized mining海洋采矿oceanic mining, marine mining矿田mine field矿山mine露天矿山surface mine地下矿山underground mine矿井shaft矿床勘探mineral deposit exploration 矿山可行性研究mine feasibility study矿山规模mine capacity矿山生产能力mine production capacity矿山年产量annual mine output矿山服务年限mine life矿山基本建设mine construction矿山建设期限mine construction period矿山达产arrival at mine full capacity开采强度mining intensity矿石回收率ore recovery ratio矿石损失率ore loss ratio工业矿石industrial ore采出矿石extracted ore矿体orebody矿脉vein海洋矿产资源oceanic mineral resources矿石ore矿石品位ore grade岩石力学rock mechanics岩体力学rock mass mechanics选矿选矿厂concentrator, mineral processing p lant工艺矿物学process mineralogy开路open circuit闭路closed circuit流程flowsheet方框流程block flowsheet产率yield回收率recovery矿物mineral粒度particle size粗颗粒coarse particle细颗粒fine particle超微颗粒ultrafine particle 粗粒级coarse fraction细粒级fine fraction网目mesh原矿run of mine, crude 精矿concentrate粗精矿rough concentrate混合精矿bulk concentrate 最终精矿final concentrate 尾矿tailings粉碎comminution破碎crushing磨碎grinding团聚agglomeration筛分screening, sieving分级classification富集concentration分选separation手选hand sorting重选gravity separation, gravity concen tration磁选magnetic separation电选electrostatic separation浮选flotation化学选矿chemical mineral processing 自然铜native copper铝土矿bauxite冰晶石cryolite磁铁矿magnetite赤铁矿hematite假象赤铁矿martite钒钛磁铁矿vanadium titano-magnetite 铁燧石taconite褐铁矿limonite菱铁矿siderite镜铁矿specularite硬锰矿psilomelane软锰矿pyrolusite铬铁矿chromite黄铁矿pyrite钛铁矿ilmennite金红石rutile萤石fluorite高岭石kaolinite菱镁矿magnesite重晶石barite石墨graphite石英quartz方解石calcite石灰石limestone白云石dolomite云母mica石膏gypsum硼砂borax石棉asbestos蛇纹石serpentine阶段破碎stage crushing 粗碎primary crushing中碎secondary crushing细碎fine crushing对辊破碎机roll crusher粉磨机pulverizer震动筛vibrating screen筛网screen cloth筛孔screen opening筛上料oversize筛下料undersize粗磨coarse grinding细磨fine grinding球磨机ball mill衬板liner分级机classifier自由沉降free setting沉积sedimentation石灰lime松油pine oil硫化钠sodium sulfide硅酸钠（水玻璃）sodium silicate, water glass 过滤filtration过滤机filter给矿，给料feeding给矿机feeder在线分析仪on line analyzer在线粒度分析仪on line size analyzer超声粒度计ultrasonic particle sizer, superso nic particle sizer。

1、美国长壁开采Aggressive 积极的gateroad回采巷道abutment pressure支承压力Sophisticated精致natural roof caving自然冒顶longwall mining 长壁开采Panel layout 盘区布置underground coal mining 地下开采Single longwall mining 单一走向长壁开采infrastructure 基础设施radical根本的In term of用...（术语）来routinely日常的norm准则、规范、标准rigid严格的Depreciate 贬值，跌价state-of-the-art最先进的continue miner 连续采煤机Frame supports 节式支架multi-slicing 多分层incentive刺激，鼓励Fully-mechanized综合机械化plow刨煤机shearer采煤机room-pillar 房柱开采2、Design consideration盘区设计Dedicate奉献complimentary赞美（依赖、依存）dictate支配（决定）amortize分期偿还contiguous邻近的isolate孤立的fiscal财政的handle操纵、处理（开采）overhaul彻底检修、详细检查attitude态度、看法、概念anomaly异常、反常prevail优于、盛行bleeder放血者、泄水孔边界回风巷suppression抑制、阻止。

生长susceptible易受影响的impede阻碍，妨碍，阻止Everything being equal 其它条件完全相同（1）Armored face conveyor（AFC）:刮板输送机（2）stage loader：转载机（3）belt conveyor：胶带输送机（4）ground control：岩层控制（5）determination：决心（6）gob：采空区（7）shield（s）:支架（8）fracture：裂隙（9）perpendicular（to）:垂直3、strata mechanics岩石力学Slice切片，分层void（gob）空洞convergence集中，收敛platy阔、宽、扁平Crack裂缝adjacent邻接intact未收接触、原封不动roof control 顶板控制Abutment pressure支承压力portion部分、一份surface subsidence地表沉陷Immediate roof直接顶caved zone冒落带overburden上覆岩层gateroad回采巷道Expansion ratio膨胀比bulking factor膨胀系数continuous deformation zone 弯曲下沉带Soil zone土壤带（表土层）coal seam煤层main roof老顶face area 采场（stope）回采（工作面）headgate 运输平巷tailgate回风平巷4、panel development盘区巷道掘进/发展Impromptu临时的quote引用，印证revenue税收tolerate忍受，容忍strategy战略Amend修正，改正stipulate规定，约定neutral中立的，空当位置accordingly因此Scope范围incompliance不顺从，不服从prevail优于（+ing）占优的downside下侧5、shield support-general 掩护支架概述Prerequisite（for）先决条件，必要条件tandem串联（的），前后排（的）,纵列（的）Rear后面（的）destinctive独特的，区别的cease（to）停止，中止Underuse为充分利用的（受拉）lemniscate双纽线assembly装置，装配，使用Kinematical运动学的spherical球形的caving shield掩护梁debris碎片，岩屑Top coal caving mining放顶煤开采frame 节式chock支撑式chock shield支撑掩护式Shield掩护式6、支架设计/选择shield supports-design/selectionDevote致力于，努力，贡献restriction限制，约束asymmetric不对称的，不均匀的Shield盾牌，掩护体，掩护支架ergonomically从人体工学角度prior（to）先前，优先Compatible适应torsional扭转的，扭曲的overrate估计过高，定额高Positive 积极地，确定的，绝对的roof load顶板载荷paramount最高的，首要的Structural结构的stationary固定的，禁止的impact影响in this respect 在这方面For one thing举一例子in addition to除。

绪论☐☐mine n. 矿山，矿井。

v. 采矿☐mining n.采矿，采矿业，采掘行业☐mineral n. 矿物☐mine development 矿井开拓☐mine planning 矿井设计☐mine operation 矿井作业☐mine closure 矿井关闭☐mine reclamation 矿区恢复治理☐ore n. 矿石☐gangue n. [ɡæŋ] 夹石，夹矸 n. 脉石☐waste n. 废石☐mineral deposit 矿床☐metallic ore 金属矿石☐nonmetallic mineral 非金属矿物☐coal 煤☐petroleum 石油☐natural gas 天然气☐ground control 岩层控制☐ventilation 通风☐haulage 运输☐hoisting 提升☐rock breakage 破岩☐surrounding rock mass 围岩，周围岩层☐Dynamite 炸药☐Dark Ages 黑暗时代(欧洲史上约公元476-1000年)，欧洲中世纪☐prospecting 勘探，探矿☐exploration 勘探，探测☐development 开拓☐exploitation 开采☐reclamation [﹑reklə′meɪʃən] 恢复治理，复垦☐colliery [′kɔljəri] n. 矿井，煤矿☐surface mining 露天开采☐shaft 井筒，立井☐slope 斜井☐adit 平硐☐open pit mining 基坑式露天开采井，煤矿☐open cast mining (strip mining) 倒堆式露天开采☐stripe 条带☐stripe mining 条带开采☐aqueous mining method [′eikwiəs] 水采方法☐underground mining 地下开采☐unsupported mining 空场法/无支护法☐supported mining 有支护法☐caving mining 垮落法/崩落法☐unit operations 单元作业；工序☐production operation 生产工序，主要工序☐materials handling 物料搬运☐drill 钻眼☐blast 爆破☐load 装载☐unload，dump，卸载☐haul 运输☐auxiliary operation 辅助工序☐roof support 顶板支护☐ventilation and air-conditioning 通风和空气调节☐power supply 供电☐pumping；drainage 排水☐maintenance 设备维护☐communication 通讯☐lighting 照明☐delivery of compressed air, water 供水和压缩空气☐supplies to the working sections 其它材料供应☐provide slope stability 保持边坡稳定☐waste disposal 废物处理☐supply of material 材料供应1.1 Earth crust and strata☐heavenly body 天体☐atmosphere 大气层☐hydrosphere 水圈☐lithosphere岩石圈☐earth core地核☐earth mantle地幔☐crust地壳☐geologic function; geologic process地质作用☐geologic process from the external force外力地质作用☐geologic process from the internal force内力地质作用☐metamorphic process变质作用☐weathering风化作用☐mechanical weathering物理风化☐chemical weathering化学风化☐disintegration剥蚀，剥蚀作用☐decay 侵蚀、腐蚀☐侵蚀 erosion☐搬运作用 transportation☐沉积作用 deposition, sedimentation ☐成岩作用lithogenesis☐岩石 rock☐土 soil☐矿物 mineral☐火成岩igneous rock☐沉积岩sedimentary rock☐变质岩metamorphic rock☐喷出岩 extruded rock☐侵入岩intrusive rock☐花岗岩 granite☐玄武岩basalt☐斑岩porphyry☐石英 quartz☐长石feldspar☐云母 mica☐砂岩 sandstone☐粉砂岩 siltstone☐细砂岩 packsand☐粗砂岩 gritrock☐砂质泥岩 sandy mudstone☐页岩 shale☐石灰岩limestone☐泥 mudstone☐地层、岩层 stratum (pl) Strata☐大理marble☐板岩 slate☐石英岩quartzite☐gneiss1.2 Origin of Coal☐fossil n. 化石。

采矿工程专业常用英语词汇★采矿工程专业常用英语词汇★①geologic structure 地质构造geologic age geologic term coalfield 煤田 take 井田reserve of the take 井田储量 geologic reservecoal exploration 煤层勘探 explore②sedimentary rock 沉积岩metamorphose rock 变质岩igneous rock 火成岩 alluvium 冲积层coal seam mineral deposit 矿床③epoch 纪元、纪、代 Permian 二叠纪（系）Carboniferous 石炭纪 Cretaceous 白垩纪Tertiary 第三纪④fold 褶曲 fault 断层 normal～ reverse～ faulting 断层作用⑤strike 走向 along the strikedip 倾向、倾角 dip angle of coal seam煤层倾角⑥weathered 风化的bituminous coal 烟煤[bi’tjuminэs] anthracite 无烟煤 lignite 褐煤limestone 石灰岩 sandstone 砂岩 shale 页岩⑦fully mechanized coal face 综采 conventional mining 普采Semi-mechanized coal face blasting mining 炮采fully mechanized sublevel caving mining 综放⑧colliery (coal mine) colliery undertaking ~企业Longwall mining 长壁开采 Room and pillar 房柱式开采pillar and stall Panel, district, mining area 盘区采区⑨Shaft (vertical) 井筒adit 平硐shaft sinking 井筒掘进opencast open pit 露天矿 surface mining strip mining ⑩strata(stratum) 岩层stimulated caving 强制放顶longwall advancing retreatingroof (floor) 顶（底）板 main ~ immediate ~ false ~11pit bottom shaft station 井底车场 up cast downcast 进回风井ventilate ventilation borehole 钻孔 drill bunker(coal bin) 煤仓12Skip 箕斗 cage 罐笼 conveyor 运输机 belt conveyor 胶带运输机AFC(Armored Face Conveyer) 刮板输送机 coal preparation 选煤Powered roof support 液压支架 (shield)13drift entry roadway gateroad巷道 crosscut 石门，横贯，捷径methane 甲烷瓦斯 gas ~ drainagegob，goaf (mined out area) 采空区14airway 风道 intake ~ return ~ 进风巷回风巷stress-strain 应力－应变 stress relief zone de-stressed 应力解除15 room dispatcher’s ～ pump ～泵房dispatcher’s room 调度室waiting room 候车室 winch engine room first-aid room16 tale air 乏风 fresh intake ~ tail entry head entry 顺槽heading 掘进头 rise ~ 上山 opening ~开切眼17 timber 木支柱 prop, jack 支柱 individual jacks （prop）单体支柱convergence 顶底板移近、会合 smooth ~ 缓慢下沉（巷道）free subsidence method （采场）18 waste heap /spoil tip 矸石山 spontaneous combustion 自燃hoist 提升 gate road/drift/entry 巷道 incline gate 斜巷incline shaft19 tectonic 构造的～stress mining regulations safety regulations rock/ underground pressure 矿山压力Behavior of rock/ underground pressure 矿山压力显现20 floor heave 底鼓 thin or medium-thick seam 中厚incline seam 倾向煤层 sloping ~steep coal seam 急倾向煤层 gently slopping ~ 缓倾斜煤层21 cracked roof 破碎顶板 fractured roof crush, crackspacing of main falls 放顶步距 distance of roof fallwinch 小绞车 caving ~22 eaker props/breaker support 切顶支柱withdrawal of support回柱prop withdrawer 回柱绞车 shield-type support 掩护式支架chock support 垛式支架常用专业英语词汇23 survey(ing) 测量 ~ station 观测站 elevation标高 elevator，lifttransit 经纬仪 full caving method 全部跨落法partial caving partial backfilling (packing)24 subsidence 下沉 ~ trough ~basin 下沉盆地surface structure（building）地表建筑物surface movement and deformation 地表移动和变形Contour 等值线下沉（Subsidence）、倾斜（Slope）、曲率（Curvature）、水平移动（Displacement）、水平变形（Horizontal strain）25 aquifer 含水层 coal mining above a confined aquifer承压水上采煤protective pillar 保护煤柱 barrier pillar 隔离煤柱26 angle of draw 移动角边界角 draw angle of strata 边界角surface cracks 地表裂缝 Surface slope (incline) 地表倾斜curvature 曲率27 Overburden strata 上覆岩层 overlying strata 上覆岩层structure damage 建筑物损害 recovery ratio 采出率、回采率28 backfilling mining method filling mining stowing miningmethod充填回采建筑物下开采(Mining under buildings) 铁路下开采(Mining under railways)水体下开采(Mining under water bodies)29 simultaneous extraction 同时开采limited thickness extraction 限厚开采selected extraction 选择开采 continuous extraction 连续开采land reclaimation technology 土地复垦技术30 compressed air drill 风钻 electric ~ 电钻yielding support 可缩支架 rigid ~ 刚性支架roof bolting 顶板锚杆 resin ~31 auxiliary fans 局扇 auxiliary shaft 副井 subsidiary shaft 副井Main shaft 主井 mine water drainage 矿井排水haulage hoisting lighting 运输、提升、照明32 seam subject to rock burst 易突出煤层～spontaneous combustion易自然煤层rock burst 岩爆冲击矿压 surrounding rock 围岩 first cost 初期投资33 multiple coal seam 多煤层 subsoil 下层基岩quarry 采场、采矿场、采石场horizon 区段、水平 horizontal34 washery 洗煤＝coal preparation plantdevelopment，Preparation， production systemhigh-productive&high efficient coal mine 高产高效矿井35ascending order descending mining coalification 煤化作用repairing shift development shift productive capacity，output36 standby equipment deplete 枯竭采完extract/mine/exploit/win/work 开采cantilever 悬臂梁 water-bearing ground 含水地层37 run-of-mine coal 原煤 raw washed coal ，clean coal fossil fuel 化石燃料rock mechanics岩石力学 dummy road 盲巷 safety pillar安全煤柱38 tensile stress field（ zone ）拉应力区Compressive stress field rock mass 岩体rock mechanics in coal mining 煤矿岩石力学 Rock pressure 岩石压力39 behavior of rock pressure 矿山压力显现 Stress 应力；Strain 应变rock strata control (ground control) 岩层控制elastic deformation 弹性变形 plastic deformation 塑性变形40 rheology of rock 岩石（体）流变性 virgin rock[mass]/initial rock[mass]原岩（体）virgin stress of rock[mass] 原岩应力 initial stress of rock[mass]原岩应力virgin stress field of rock[mass] initial stress field of rock[mass] 原岩应力场41 stress in surrounding rock围岩应力stress-concentrated zone 应力增高区virgin stress zone（field） initial stress zone 原岩应力区coefficient of stress concentration 应力集中系数42 Support 支架，支撑 partial caving method 局部跨落法pillar support method 煤柱支撑法43 weak ( soft) strata 松软岩层 hard strata 坚硬岩层unstable roof 不稳定顶板 load of support 支架载荷44 medium stable roof 中等稳定顶板 stable roof 稳定顶板hard roof; strong roof 坚硬顶板 classification of roof 顶板分类classify45 setting load 初撑力 yield load 额定工作阻力support load 支护阻力 prop density 支柱密度46 load density; supporting intensity支护强度rib spalling 片帮 impact load 冲击载荷47 first weighting初次来压 periodic weighting (of main roof)周期来压coal and gas bump; coal and gas outburst煤与瓦斯突出48 aved zone 冒落带 fractured zone 裂隙带sagging (continuous deformation) zone 弯曲下沉带natural arch; ~ of natural equilibrium 自然平衡拱49 Soil zone Continuous deformation zone Fractured zone Caved zone50 Initial supporting 一次支护 first supportingPermanent supporting二次支护 second supporting road side supporting 巷旁支护 non-pillar roadway protection无煤柱护巷protective seam 保护层51 abutment pressure 支承压力 method of roof control 顶板管理方法roof-to-floor convergence 顶底板移近量rib sides convergence 两帮移近量52 Cross section 剖面 Sectional（plan） view 剖（平）面图softening factor of rock 岩石软化系数 roof caving angle 顶板跨落角。

采矿工程专业英语1.主要建设方案the main construction scheme[:kən'strʌkʃən] [:ski:m]2.开采对象mining object [:'ɔbdʒikt]3.开采方式recovery method[:ri'kʌvəri] 或exploration pattern[:,eksplə'reiʃən] [:'pætən]4.最低开采标高the lowest elevation of mining[:,elə'veiʃən]5.设计利用储量design using reserves [:ri'zə:vs]6.可采储量workable reserves7.占压资源储量tying up reserves8.矿产资源储量mineral resources reserves [:'minərəl]9.建设规模scale of construction [:kən'strʌkʃən]10.产品方案product scheme[:'prɔdʌkt] [:ski:m]11.矿山生产规模mine production scale [:prə'dʌkʃən]12.矿山工作制度mine working system13.矿山服务年限mine life14.矿山年产量annual output of mine [:'ænjuəl]15.矿山生产能力mine production capacity[:kə'pæsiti]16.生产能力验证capacity verification[:kə'pæsiti][:,verəfi'keiʃən]17.矿石贫化率ore dilution ratio [:dai'lu:ʃən, di-] [:'reiʃiəu]18.损失率loss rate 或loss ratio19.回采率recovery [:ri'kʌvəri]20.开拓运输方案transportation scheme[:,trænspɔ:'teiʃən]21.公路开拓highway development22.汽车运输automobile transportation[:'ɔ:təməbi:l]23.运输道路haulage road[:'hɔ:lidʒ]24.最小转弯半径minimum turning radius[:'miniməm] [:'reidjəs] 或minimal curve radius[:'miniməl] [:kə:v]25.最大纵坡maximum longitudinal slope [:'mæksiməm] [:lɔndʒi'tju:dinl]26.平均纵坡average gradient [:'ævəridʒ] [:'greidi:ənt]27.路面宽road width28.路基宽width of subgrade [:'sʌbɡreid]29.线路设计track design30.防治水方案water-proof and water-control scheme31.截水沟intercepting ditch[,intə'septiŋ] [:ditʃ]32.排水沟drainage ditch [:'dreinidʒ] [:ditʃ]33.矿床开采deposit mining [:di'pɔzit]34.露天开采境界open pit mining limit35.地表境界线surface boundary line [:'baundəri]36.底部境界线floor boundary line37.水文地质条件hydrogeologic condition [haidrəudʒi'ɔlədʒi,]38.走向strike [:straik]39.倾向dip40.倾角dip angle41.开采顺序mining sequence[:'si:kwəns]42.爆破警戒blasting warning43.爆破安全规程blasting safety regulations [:,reɡju'leiʃəns]44.安全距离safe distance 或safety distance45.二次破碎recrushing46.最低开采标高the lowest elevation of mining [:,elə'veiʃən]47.采矿场要素elements of stope [:'elimənt] [:stəup]48.台阶高度bench height [:bentʃ]49.台阶坡面角bench angle50.工作帮坡角working slope angle51.清扫平台cleaning platform [:'plætfɔ:m]52.安全平台safety platform53.最小工作平台宽度minimum working platform width54.开段沟pioneer cut [:,paiə'niə]55.出入沟main access [:'ækses]56.联络道taxiway57.采矿方法mining methods58.剥采比stripping ratio ['stripiŋ] [:'reiʃiəu]59.开拓阶段development stage60.生产阶段production stage61.上行式开采upward mining62.下行式开采downward mining63.横向采掘transverse mining [:træns'vɜ:s]64.采矿工艺流程mining process [:'prəuses]65.穿孔作业perforation work [:'pɜ:fə,reit]66.潜孔钻机downhole drill ['daun,həul] [:dril]67.液压破碎锤hydraulic hammer [:hai'drɔ:lik] [:'hæmə]68.爆破作业blasting operation [:,ɔpə'reiʃən]69.多排孔微差爆破the multiple row holes millisecond blasting[:'mʌltipl] [:'mili,sekənd]70.液压挖掘机hydraulic excavator [:hai'drɔ:lik] [:'ekskə,ve i tə]71.矿用自卸汽车mining dump truck72.轮式装载机wheel loader73.胶带输送机belt conveyor [:belt] [:kən'veiə]74.剥离stripping['stripiŋ]75.露天采场坑底pit bottom [:'bɔtəm]76.顶板roof77.底板bottom78.劳动定员labor force quota [:'kwəutə]79.基建工程capital construction engineering 或capital constructionprojects [:'kæpitl]80.基建工程量capital construction volume81.采准工作firstworking82.总平面布置general layout [:'dʒenərəl] [:'leiaut]83.破碎车间crushing plant ['krʌʃiŋ] [:plɑ:nt]84.进料粒度feed size85.出料粒度discharging-material size [dis'tʃɑ:dʒiŋ] [:mə'tiəriəl]86.矿山工业场地mine industrial site [:in'dʌstriəl]87.爆炸材料库blasting material database [:mə'tiəriəl] [:'deitəbeis]88.油库oil depot [:'depəu]89.排土场dump90.供电power supply91.供水water supply92.设计依据design basis93.进度计划schedule [:'ʃedju:əl]94.基建费用capital cost [:'kæpitl] 或capital outlay95.初步设计preliminary design [:pri'liminəri]96.可行性研究报告feasibility study report [:,fi:zə'biləti]97.连续生产continuous production [:kən'tinjuəs]98.环境保护environmental protection [:en,vaiərən'mentl, -,vaiən]99.边坡稳定性slope stability [:sləup] [:stə'biliti]100.矿山复垦mine reclamation [:,reklə'meiʃən]101.水泥灰岩cement-limestone [:si'ment] [:'laim,stəʊn] 102.投资估算investment estimate [:in'vestmənt] [:'estimeit] 103.上覆岩层overlying strata [:'streitə]104.剖面图section map [:'sekʃən]105.平面图plan 或planar graph。

采矿专业英语词汇汉英煤炭科技名词开采沉陷：mining subsidence; ⼜称“矿⼭岩层及地表移动”。

地下采矿引起岩层移动和地表沉陷的现象和过程。

开采程序：mining sequence; 露天采场内剥采⼯程在时间和空间上的发展顺序。

开采⽔平垂⾼：lift, level interval; ⼜称“⽔平⾼度”。

开采⽔平上下边界之间的垂直距离。

开采损害：mining-induced enviromental damage; 因煤炭开采造成的对⾃然资源及⼈⼯建筑物或构筑物的损害。

开段沟：pioneer cut; 为建⽴台阶⼯作线开挖的沟道。

开孔率：percentage of open area; 曾称“筛⽹有效⾯积”、“活⾯积”。

筛孔总⾯积与筛⾯⾯积之⽐(%)。

开路供⽔：open-circuit water supply; ⽔⼒采煤⽣产⽤⽔不循环复⽤的供⽔⽅式。

开切眼：open-off cut; 曾称“切割眼”。

沿采煤⼯作⾯始采线掘进,以供安装采煤设备的巷通。

开式落煤顺序：open-type winning sequence; 采垛内暂不留煤柱的破煤顺序。

开拓煤量：developed reserves; 通向采区的全部开拓巷道均已掘完，并可开始掘进采区准备巷道时所构成的可采储量。

开拓巷道：development roadway; 为井⽥开拓⽽开掘的基本巷道。

如井底车场、运输⼤巷、总回风巷、主⽯门等。

勘探程度：degree of exploration; 对勘探区地质条件研究和查明的程度。

勘探⽅法：method of exploration; 煤⽥勘探所采取的各种⼿段、⼯程布置和技术措施的总称。

勘探⼯程：exploration engineering; 地质勘探所采⽤的钻探、物探、坑探等各种⼯程的总称。

勘探⼯程分布图：layout sheet of exploratory engineering; 表⽰勘探区各勘探⼯程分布位置的图件。

英语材料1采矿专业英语1 概述1 mining 采矿2 underground mining 地下采矿3 open cut mining, open pit mining, surface mining 露天采矿4 mining engineering 采矿工程5 mining technology 采矿工艺6 underground mining 地下矿山7 surface mining 露天矿山8 exploitation 开采scope of exploitation 开采范围；910 exploration 勘探11 mine feasibility study 矿山可行性研究12 mine capacity 矿山规模13 mine production capacity 矿山生产能力14 mining schedule 采矿计划15 annual mine output 矿山年产量16 mine life 矿山服务年限17 mine construction 矿山基本建设18 mine construction period 矿山建设期限19 arrival at mine full capacity 矿山达产20 mining intensity 开采强度21 rock mechanics 岩石力学22 rock mass mechanics 岩体力学2 地质1 crust 地壳，外壳mineral deposit 矿床2 mine field 矿田3 mine 矿山4 orebody 矿体blind orebody 盲矿体；buried orebody 隐伏矿体；irregular-shaped orebody 不规则矿体；marginal orebody 边缘矿体5 vein 矿脉6 ore 矿石7 grade 品位geological grade 地质品位；average grade 平均品位；cut-off grade 边界品位；economic grade 经济品位8 industrial ore 工业矿石9 extracted ore 采出矿石10 hanging wall 上盘11 footwall 下盘12 bedrock 基岩13 mineralization 成矿作用14 mining area 矿区15 outcrop 露头16 reserve 储量ore reserve 矿石储量；proved reserve 探明储量17 strike 走向18 dip 倾向dip angle 倾角；19 lead 铅20 aluminium 铝21 zinc 锌22 tin 锡23 mercury 汞24 antimony 锑25 platinum 铂3 开拓系统1 chamber 硐室2 crosscut 石门，联络巷；3 footrill 平硐4 decline 斜坡道5 entry 平巷main entry 主巷6 inset 马头门loading room 装矿硐室7 pump station 泵站8 orepass 放矿溜井9 portal 井口10 pump station 泵站11 ramp 斜坡道12 shaft 竖井main shaft 主井；auxiliary shaft 副井；ventilation shaft 通风井；intake shaft 进风井；inclined shaft 斜井shaft station 井底车场13 substation 变电所central substation 中央变电所；14 slope 斜井15 sump 水仓16 tunnel 巷道4 采矿方法1 dip 下山2 rise 上山3 drill 钻孔drilling 凿岩；drilling blasting 凿岩爆破；4 mining method 采矿方法5 parallel working 平行作业6 pillar 矿柱safety pillar 安全矿柱；7 stope 采场stoping sequence 回采顺序；stope arrangement 采场布置8 block open stoping 阶段矿房法room and pillar 房柱法shrinkage stope 留矿法9 sublevel open stoping (SLOS) 分段矿房法block caving method 阶段崩落法10 sublevel caving method 分段崩落法top slicing 分层崩落法cut-and-fill stoping 上向分层充填法drill-and-fill method stoping 上向进路充填法long-wall fill stoping 长壁充填法working face 工作面line of least resistance 最小抵抗线5 通风排水系统1 ventilation 通风ventilation system 通风系统；2 drainage 排水drainage pipeline 排水管道；3 return shaft 回风井4 intake shaft 进风井6 机械设备1 air compressor 空气压缩机2 cage 罐笼3 dump track 卸土车4 detonator 雷管5 detonating tube 导爆管6 detonating cord 导爆索7 electronic powered slusher 电耙8 electric excavator 电铲gravel pump 砂泵9 headframe 井架10 hoist house 提升机房11 landing platform 摇台roller-bit rotary rig 牙轮钻机12 skip 箕斗2商务英语1.1词汇1 deficit 赤字，不足额2 commodity 商品，货物3 concentration n. 浓度；集中；浓缩；专心；集合average concentration 平均含量consumption 消耗，消费4 emission 排放物，辐射5 equivalent adj.等价的，相等的；同意义的；n.等价物，相等物6 reclamation 复垦，再利用spot 现货，股票7 sustainability 持续性8 strike 罢工9 ultimate n.终极；根本；基本原则；adj.最终的；极限的；根本的10 versus 对抗，与……相对不常用名词1 phosphate n.[化]磷酸盐；[地]皮膜化成2 potash n.碳酸钾；草碱；苛性钾；钾化合3 uranium n. [化]铀1.2口语Care and diligence bring luck. 谨慎才能带来机遇。

Aabandoned pillar 残柱abandoned coal pillar 残留煤柱abandoned support 损失的支架absolutely stress 绝对应力absolutely horizontal 绝对水平的(front/back) abutment pressure （前/后）支承压力abutment zone 支承压力区accelerator 加速器accelerometer 加速度计，加速度检波器acceptance of load 载荷承受accepted load 承受的载荷accumulation of stress 应力的积聚accumulation of water 水的积聚accuracy of measurement 测量精度acoustic emission 声发射acoustic investigation 声学研究，声学试验active earth pressure 主动地压，活动地压actual setting frequency 实际安装频率adit 平硐adjacent 相邻的，邻接的alabaster 雪花石膏Amonton’s law阿曼顿定律amphibolite 闪岩anglie of break 冒落角anhydrite 硬石膏anisotropic media 各向异性介质anisotropy 各向异性anisotropy of rock（mass) 岩石(体)各向异性anticlinal 背斜的anticlinal fault 背斜断层argillaceous rocks 泥质岩argillaceous sandstone 泥质砂岩argillaceous marl 泥质泥灰岩argillaceous shale 泥质页岩argillaceous slate 泥质板岩ascensional ventation 上行通风aspect ratio of cracks 裂隙的尺寸比articulated beam 铰接梁axial cleavage fracture 轴向劈裂Bbasalt 玄武岩back-fill 回填，充填Becker shear criterion 贝克剪切试验behavior of rock pressure 矿山压力显现belt conveyor 胶带输送机biaxial tests 双轴试验birefringence of shear wave 剪切波的双折射blow-in system 压入式通风系统boundary pillar 边界煤柱boundary porosity 边界孔隙度brattice 风帘，风障Brazilian test 巴西试验brittle-ductile transition 脆性-延性转变brittle failure theories 脆性破坏理论brittle fracture stress 脆性破裂应力brittleness of rock（mass) 岩石（体）脆性brush platens 刷式台板Ccalcite 方解石cataclastic flow 碎裂流动capillary effects 毛细效应cast iron 铸铁caved goaf 冒落带，冒落区caving zone 垮落带classification of roof 顶板分类classification of floor 底板分类chlorite 绿泥岩clay models 粘土模型coal harden coefficient煤的坚固性系数coal and gas bump;coal and gas outburst 煤与瓦斯突出coal/rock reinforment 煤岩固化coal seam of rock burst prone 冲击矿压煤层coefficient of friction 摩擦系数coefficient of internal friction，tanφ内摩擦系数，tanφcoefficient of roof weighting 顶板来压强度系数coefficient of stress concentration 应力集中系数cohesion 内聚力combined supporting 联合支护comprehensive type of rock burst 综合型冲击地压compactibility of rock （mass) 岩石(体)压实性compressibility 可压缩性compressive strength 抗压强度concrete 混凝土confining pressure 围压conjugate shear fractures 共轭剪切破裂connectivity 连通性consolidation of soils 土的固结contact pressure 接触压力core sample 岩芯样本，岩芯试样Coulomb criterion of failure 库伦破坏准则conventional effective stress 惯用的有效应力critical stress intensity factor 临界应力强度因子crack 裂隙cracking 裂隙作用crack closure 裂隙闭合度crack density parameter 裂隙密度参数crack extension force 裂隙扩展力crack opening displacement 裂隙张开位移crack propagation 裂隙扩展crack tip 裂隙尖端creep 蠕动cross-slip 交叉滑移crystal plasticity 晶体塑性Ddamping coefficient 阻尼系数dehydration reactions 脱水反应deformation mechanisms 变形机理designing load 设计荷载diametral compression test（Brazilian）径向压缩试验（巴西）diffusional flow 扩散流动digital recording 数字记录dilatancy 扩容dilatancy hardening 扩容硬化dilatometer 膨胀计discontinuity of rock（mass) 岩石(体)非连续性displacement transducers 位移传感器displacement （convergence）of surrounding rock巷道围岩移动量displacement （convergence）rate of surrounding rock巷道围岩移动速度distance of first roof fall 初次垮落距distance of first weighting 老顶初次来压步距dogbone specimens 骨棒形试件dolerite 粗玄岩dolomite 白云岩double shear test 双剪切试验drained tests 排水试验drying of specimens 试件的干燥ductile fault 延性断层ductility 延性ductileness of rock（mass) 岩石（体）延性dynamic cracking phenomena 动态裂隙现象dynamic friction 动摩擦dynamics 动力学dyanmic stress intensity factor 动态应力强度因子dynamic failure duration动态破坏时间Eearthquake mechanisms 地震机制effective confining stress 有效围压effective shear strain energy 有效剪切应变能effective stiffness 有效劲度effective stress 有效应力effects of freezing 冷却效应elastic deformation 弹性变形elastic energy index 弹性能量指数elastic properties 弹性性质elastic wave attenuation 弹性波衰减elastic zone 弹性变形区electrical conductivity 电导率electron microscope 电子显微镜electromagnetic radiation index 电磁辐射指数embrittlement 脆变、脆化end effects 端部效应engineering fracture mechanics 工程断裂力学episodic sliding 偶发滑动expansion of rock（mass) 岩石(体)膨胀性extension fracture 张破裂extension tests 拉伸试验Ffabric 组构face end 工作面端头face width 控顶距failed rock supporting load 破裂岩石支撑载荷fatigue 疲劳fault 断层feather fractures 羽状破裂first caving 初次放顶first caving distance 初次放顶距first roof fail 初次垮落first weighting 老顶初次来压floor heave 底鼓floor 1oad intensity 底板载荷强度fluid inclusions 流态包体fluid pressure medium 流体压力介质forced caving 强制放顶forepoling;advance timbering 超前支护fracture hardening 破裂硬化fracture mechanism 破裂机理fracture types 破裂类型fracture toughness 破裂韧度fractured zone 裂隙带friction 摩擦front abutment pressure 前支承压力Ggabbro 辉长岩geologic structure 地质构造Gibbs potential 吉布斯位势gneiss 片麻岩goaf 采空区，老塘goaf stowing 采空区充填gob 矿内废石，充填废石，采空区grain-boundary crack 颗粒边界裂隙作用grain-boundary sliding 颗粒边界滑动grain size influence 粒度影响grain-sliding flow 粒面滑动流动granite 花岗岩granodiorite 花岗闪长岩gravity stress岩重应力granular media 粒状介质Griffith locus 格里菲斯轨迹线Griffith crack theory 格里菲斯裂隙理论gypsum 石膏Hhard roof; strong roof 坚硬顶板height of floor heave 底鼓量Hertzian fracture 赫兹破裂hornblende 角闪岩hydraulic chock 液压支架hydraulic fracturing of rock mass 岩体水力压裂hydraulic leg 液压支柱hydrolytic weakening 水解软化hydrophysical properties of rock（mass) 岩石（体）水理性hysteresis in elastic wave velocity 弹性波速度的滞后Iimmediate roof 直接顶immediate support 及时支护impact load 冲击载荷index of roof fracture 顶板破碎指数index of roof strength 顶板强度指数index of roof—to—floor convergence 顶底板移近量指数individual prop 单体支柱inertia force 惯性力inflow rate 涌水量inhomogeneity of rock（mass) 岩石(体)不均匀性initial supporting; first supporting 巷道一次支护initial stress zone 原岩应力区irregular caving zone 不规则垮落带internal stress 内应力interval of periodic weighting 周期来压步距intragranular strain compatibility 颗粒间的应变相容性intrusion fractures 侵入破裂irradiation colouration 扩散着色Jjacketing of specimens 试件的套筒joist steel 工字钢joints 节理Kkinetic energy 动能Llarge deformation 围岩大变形level development 水平开拓limestone 石灰岩linear elastic fracture mechanics 线弹性断裂力学load-deformation characteristics 载荷-形变特性local compression failures 局部压缩破坏longwall advancing method 长壁前进式开采法longwall mining 长壁开采法Lüder’s bands 吕德线lubrication of specimen ends 试件端部润滑Mmarble 大理石macroscopic stress 宏观应力medium stable roof 中等稳定顶板microcracks 微裂隙microfissures 微裂隙microseismic activity 微震活动mine shock 矿震mine tremor 矿震mining-induced fissure 采动裂隙mining-induced fissure field 采动裂隙场mining-inducedstress 采动应力mining-pressure field 采动应力场modified Griggith theory 修正的格里菲斯理论modulus of compression 压缩模量modulus of deformation 变形模量Mohr envelope 莫尔包络线Mohr criterion of failure 莫尔破坏准则montmorillonite 蒙脱石NNabarro-Herring creep 纳巴罗-赫林蠕变natural arch；dome of natural equilibrium 自然平衡拱non-pillar roadway protection 无煤柱护巷OO-ring seals 圆环密封overlying strata 覆岩，覆盖层Ppartial stowing 部分充填partial stress 偏应力peak stress 峰应力permanent supporting 永久支护periodic weighting(of main roof) 周期来压prestressed anchoring 预应力锚固permeability 渗透率permeability of rock（mass) 岩石(体)渗透性permeable stratum 透水层penny-shaped crack 币形裂隙photoelastic coating 光弹涂层pinching-off failure 夹断破坏plane-of-weakness theories 弱平面理论plaster 熟石膏plastic deformation 塑性变形plastic microstrain 塑性微应变polyaxial test 多轴试验porosity 孔隙度pore collapse 孔隙塌陷pore pressure 孔隙压力porosity of rock（mass) 岩石（体）孔隙性post-failure behaviour 破坏后性态post-peak behaviour 峰后性态pre-failure behaviour 破坏前性态pressure arch 压力拱pressure bump 冲击地压pressure gauges 压力计pressure release effects 压力释放效应pressure-sensitivity of flow stress 流动应力的压力灵敏度pressure solution 压力溶液pressure vessel design 压力容器设计protective seam 保护层prop 支柱，柱腿punching test 冲击试验pyroxenite 辉岩Qquartz 石英quartzite 石英岩Rradioactive tracer 放射示踪物rear abutment pressure 后支承压力recovery rate 回收率redistributed stress 采动应力reduction ratio of roadway section 巷道断面缩小率reduction of roadway section 巷道断面缩小量Rehbinder effect 雷宾德效应regenerated roof 再生顶板regular caving zone 规则垮落带relaxation oscillation 松弛振荡remanent magnetization 剩余磁化作用residual strength 残余强度resistance to flow 流动阻力return airway 回风巷rheology of rock（mass) 岩石(体)流变性rib 煤壁ribline 煤壁线rib sides convergence 巷道两帮移近量rib spalling 片帮roadhead 巷道端部road side packing 巷旁充填road side supporting 巷旁支护roadway subject ed to static pressure 静压巷道roadway subject ed to dynamic pressure 动压巷道rock bulking/swelling 岩石(体)碎胀性rock comminution 岩石磨碎rock mechanics in coal mining 煤矿岩石力学rock mechanics 岩层力学rock pressure 矿山压力roof caving 顶板垮落roof caving angle 顶板垮落角roof collapse of large area 区域性切冒roof fall 冒顶roof fracture rate; roof flaking rate 顶板破碎度roof—to—floor convergence 顶底板移近量roof subsidence 顶板下沉量roof stability 顶板稳定性roof rebound 顶板回弹Ssafe coefficient 安全系数sagging zone 弯曲下沉带sandstone 砂岩saturation of specimens 试件的饱和sawcut 锯切面schist 片岩seals 密封seismic efficiency 地震效率seismicity 地震活动性servo-control 伺服控制shaft 矿井，井筒shaft saftety pillar 井筒安全煤柱，井筒安全矿柱shale 页岩shape effects 形状效应shear-dilatancy 剪切-扩容现象shear stress 剪切应力shear zones 剪切带silicone fluid 硅酮流体siltstone 粉砂岩size effects 尺寸效应slate 板岩slickenside 擦痕面slicing mining methods 分层开采法slit diffraction technique 缝隙衍射法snapping instability 突然不稳定性soapstone 皂石softening factor of rock 岩石软化系soil 土壤stability 稳定性stability classification of roadway surrounding rock巷道围岩稳定性分类stability of surrounding rock 围岩稳定性stable roof 稳定顶板stages of brittle-failure 脆性破坏阶段static friction 静摩擦static strain measurement 静态应变测量stowing 充填strain compatibility between grains 颗粒间的应变相容性strain hardening 应变硬化strata control 岩层控制stress-concentrated zone 应力增高区stress corrosion 应力侵蚀stress in surrounding rock 围岩应力stress-released zone 应力降低区stress-relieved seam；protected seam 被保护层stick-slip 粘滑striations and grooves 擦纹和沟痕stiff testing machine 硬试验机superimposed stress；superpose d stress 叠加应力support backfilling 架后充填surface energy 表面能surrounding rock 围岩Ttalc 滑石tectonic fissure 构造裂隙tectonic stress 构造应力tectonic stress type of rock burst 构造型冲击地压temporary supporting 临时支护tensile strength 抗拉强度thermal activation 热激化thermal conductivity 导热率threshold stress for dilatancy 扩容阀（临界）应力time-dependent cracking 时间相关的裂隙作用tip—to—face distance 端面距torque 力矩，扭矩torsion test 扭转试验Tresca yield criterion 特雷斯卡屈服准则triaxial test 三轴试验triaxial testing apparatus 三轴试验机true triaxial test 真三轴试验tuff（lava）凝灰岩（熔岩）twinning 孪（双）晶作用Uultimate load holding capacity 极限承载力ultimate strength（peak stress）极限强度峰应力undrained test 不排水试验uniaxial compression test 单轴压缩试验uniaxial compressive strength 单轴抗压强度uinform load 均布荷载unstable roof不稳定顶板Vvelosity 速度virgin fissure 原生裂隙virgin rock（mass)；initial rock（mass) 原岩(体)virgin stress zone 原岩应力区virgin stress field of rock（mass)；initial stress field of rock（mass) 原岩(体)应力场virgin stress of rock （mass)；initial stress of rock（mass) 原岩(体)应力viscosity 粘滞性von karmana’s apparatus 翁克芒试验机von Mises failure criterion 冯米泽斯破裂准则von Mises ductility criterion 冯米泽斯延性准则Wwater softening of rock mass 岩体水力软化weakest-link theories 极弱链准则wear 磨损work hardening 工作硬化work softening 工作软化XYyield criterion 屈服准则yield of inner prop 活柱下缩量yield zone 塑性变形区Zzeta-potential z 位势。

a function of是…的函数，随…而变。

a master plan of operation 总体生产计划。

a multitude（n. 多数，多量）of大量adjacent to 邻近的adva ncing support 超前支护：air bridge 风桥：air door 风门：air pipe 风筒air shaft 风井air-jack leg drill 气腿式钻机air-jackleg 气动轻型钻机，风钻alig nment n.定线，准线,校正，定位ample 充足的，丰富的an chored cablet 锚索：angle of attack 冲角arched大巷area 盘区armored chain conveyor 铠装运输机as well as 即…又… auger mining 螺旋钻开采auger mining 螺旋钻开采法auxiliary drives/units 附属装置auxiliary hole 辅助眼：auxiliary operation 辅助作业auxiliary shaft 副立井auxiliary shaft 副井auxiliary transportation 辅助运输available 有效的，可用的axial flow fan 轴流式风机barrier pillar 隔离煤柱；basic map 底图，基本地图basis 基础，根据，依据battery locomotive 蓄电池机车be faced with 面临be of + n.具有…（性质）bed separation 离层bedplate 底盘、底座belt stage-loader mechanism 皮带输送机：belt 皮带bit 截齿blast mining technology 爆破采煤工艺blasti ng excavatio n 炮掘，爆破掘进：blasting n. 爆破blasting 爆破blasting 爆破explosives are loaded into each borehole and det on ated n起爆bleeder entry区段回风巷bolting and injecting 锚注：bolt ing and metal mesh 锚网：bolt ing and shotcreti ng 锚喷：bolting support 锚杆支护borehole mining 钻井采矿法borehole 钻孑L bottom hole 底眼：bottom-dump wag on 底卸式矿车brak ing devices 制动装置breaking 破岩bridge stage loader#式转载机butt entry 区段平巷；by far 到目前为止Ccage 罐笼cage --- hoist container 罐笼canopy 顶梁canvas stopping 帆布风帘capital cost 基建费用capital investment 基本建设投资。

采煤工作面：workface工作面、面face巷道：roadway上覆岩层overburden strata顶底板：roof and floor老顶，基本顶：main roof直接顶：immediate roof煤矿开采：Coal mining矿山压力：Underground pressure 煤矿：coal mine煤田，产煤区coalfield采区：Section采区working area支护：support巷旁支护：Lane offshoot Care锚杆：bolt锚索：anchor采空区：gob =mined-out gob煤层coal bed矿山压力underground pressure 支承压力abutment pressure地质条件geological conditions巷道围岩roadway surrounding rock围岩控制surrounding rock control巷帮、煤帮、两帮coal rib沿空留巷the gob-side entry retaining碎片，岩屑，碎石，尾矿，废石：debris沿空巷道gob-side entry roadway retained 极限平衡区：Limit equilibrium area切顶：cut the roof无煤柱：no pillar石门：crosscut断面：cross section断面section采出率：recovery全部跨落：full caving长壁开采：Longwall mining房柱开采法room-and-pillar mining房柱式：Room and pillar method煤田：Coalfield露天开采：Surface mining=open-cut mining=strip mining=stripping 矿物矿石矿产：Mineral竖井井筒：Shaft断层：Fault下沉下降：Subsidence (工作面上下)平巷：Gate水平巷道、平硐drift平巷、掘进头heading掘进工作面driving face结合点、节理joint内聚力cohesion开切眼：Interconnection 深部开采：deep mining工作面推进face advance变形deformation运输巷haulway工作面运输巷（下顺槽）headentry回风巷air-roadway工作面回风巷（下顺槽）tailentry矿压显现、顶板活动规律strata behavior 液压支架power support 顶板控制、顶板管理roof control矿区mining area注浆锚杆bolt-grouting 保护层protective seam 关键层key strataas(is are)shown in fig.1单体支柱individual jacks底鼓floor heaving额定工作阻力yield loads初撑力setting loading大巷main heading永久支架permanent supports临时支架temporary supports薄煤层low coal变形deformation全部垮落full caving煤层群、多煤层multiple seam煤层间距seam interbals矸石spoil钻孔boring破煤，切割，开掘，挖掘Cutting打眼Drilling放炮blasting运输hauling矿井开拓mine development井工开采underground mining井巷工程shaft sinking and tunneling。

Introduction （绪论）mine n. 矿山，矿井。

v. 米矿colliery n. 矿井coal mining 采煤underground mining 地下开采surface mining 露天开采reserve n. 储量coal-bearing adj. 含煤的high production and high efficiency 高产高效development n. 开拓preparation n. 准备mining method 采煤方法subside v. 下沉，沉陷subsidence n. 沉降，沉陷mining subsidence n. 开采沉陷mechanize v. 使… 机械化mechanization n. 机械化blind shaft 暗立井drawn shaft 溜井chute n. 溜煤眼adit n. 平硐drift n. 平硐crosscut n. 联络巷；石门coal crosscut 煤门entry n. 平巷haulage n. 运输main haulage roadway 主要运输平巷main return-air roadway 主要回风平巷head entry 区段运输平巷tail entry 区段回风平巷slope n. 斜井rise n. 上山dip n. 下山rock rise 岩石上山coal rise 煤层上山coal haulage rise 运煤上山Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Mine （矿井基本概念）coalfield n. 煤田mining area n. 矿区mine field n. 井田divide v. 戈Ll 分division n. 戈Ll 分material transporting rise 运料上山return-air rise 回风上山men-walking rise 行人上山inclined roadway of a strip 分带斜巷inclined coal haulage roadway of a strip运煤斜巷分带mine production capacity 能力(MPC) 矿井生产inclined material haulage roadway of a strip分带运料斜巷mine service life 矿井服务年限production scale of mine 井型small mine 小型矿井middle mine 中型矿井large mine 大型矿井huge mine 特大型矿井strike n. 走向dip n. 倾向dip angle 倾角workable adj. 可采的workable reserve n. 可采储量opening n. 通道，开口mine opening n. 矿山井巷passageway n. 通道shaft n. 立井roadway n. 巷道chamber n. 硐室main shaft 主立井auxiliary shaft 畐廿立井air shaft 风井development roadway 开拓巷道preparation roadway 准备巷道gateway 回采巷道pit bottom 井底车场shaft bottom 井底车场station n. 车场，车站mining district station 采区车场horizon n. 阶段level n. 水平haulage level 运输水平return-air level 回风水平mining level 开采水平interval between levels 阶段垂高mining district 采区panel n. 盘区sublevel n. 分段strip district n. 带区inclined length 斜长strike length 走向长度district sublevel 区段Open-off cut n. 切眼coalface n. 采煤面working face 工作面production n. 生产；产量production system 生产系统coal haulage system 运煤系统ventilation n. 通风ventilation system 通风系统fresh air 新鲜风dirty air 乏风，污风refuse n. 矸石material and refuse transportation system 运料排矸系统drain v. 排水drainage system 排水系统power supply system （electric power, compressedair）动力供应（电、压风）communication and monitoring system 通讯、监测系统drive v. 掘进excavate v. 开挖，开掘hoist v. 提升winch n. 绞车Chapter 2 Coal Mining methods 采煤方法）stope 采场mining works/units 回采工作basic operation 基本工序break v. 破碎load v. 装载haul v. 运输auxiliary operations 辅助工序roof support 顶板支护gob treatment 采空区处理auxiliary transportation 辅助运输ventilation 通风drainage 排水power supply 供电,emulsion supply 供液（乳化液）等winning/mining technique 采煤工艺mining system 采煤系统mining roadway layout 回采巷道布置classify v. 分类dry mining 旱采wall mining system 壁式开采full-seam mining 整层single longwall mining methodlongwall mining on strike 走向长壁开采longwall mining on inclineii 倾向长壁开采sublevel caving 放顶煤shield 掩护支架slicing method 分层inclined slicing 倾斜分层horizontal slicing 水平分层oblique slicing 斜切分层top-slicing system of sublevel caving 水平分段放顶煤pillar mining system 柱式开采room and pillar mining method 房柱式room method 房式hydraulic mining 水采underground liquefaction 地下液化和气化underground gasification 地下液化和气化roof caving 垮落法（自然垮落、强制放顶）packing 充填法pillar support 刀柱式nearly horizontal coal seam 近水平煤层gently inclined coal seam 缓斜煤层inclined coal seam 倾斜煤层steeply inclined〜急倾斜厚煤层：thin coal seam 薄煤层middle thick coal seam 中厚煤层thick coal seam 厚煤层steeply inclined coal seam with an hugethickness 急倾斜特厚煤层blasting mining technology 炮采conventionally mechanized mining technology 普通机械化采煤工艺fully mechanized mining technology 综合机械化采煤工艺fully mechanized mining with top coal cavingtechnology 综采放顶煤工艺continuous miner 连续采煤机shuttle car n. 梭车universal extensible conveyor 万向接长机bolt v. 打锚杆；n. 锚杆mining method 采矿方法；mining operation 采矿作业；单一长壁采煤法ground control 顶板管理；recovery 回采率；subsidence control 地表沉陷控制cover 覆盖层；overburden 上覆地层；immediate roof 直接顶；floor 底板；hardness 硬度；strength 强度cleavage 解理gas , methane 瓦斯daily operation 日常工作single operation 单一工序unit operation 单元作业auxiliary operation 辅助作业cutting n. 切割，掏槽；lighting n. 照明outcrop 露头，露出地面的岩层development stage 开拓阶段production stage 生产阶段haulage capacity 运输能力main entry 主巷barrier pillar 隔离煤柱butt entry 区段平巷shearer 滚筒采煤机planer ，Plow 刨煤机auger mining 螺旋钻开采rapid excavation 快速掘进ocean mining 海洋采矿Chapter3 Concepts of Mine Development 田开拓的概念)mine boundary 井田边界terrain n. 地形geological structure 地质构造fault n. 断层fold n. 褶皱down fold n. 背斜upfold n. 向斜coal quality 煤质occurrence 赋存mine geological reserve usable reserves ( A 储量temprary useless resrves 暂不能利用储量mine industrial reserveZg=(A +B + C) 矿井工业储量future reserve ( D) 远景储量workable reserve 开采储量designed lost reserve 设计煤炭损失recovery rate 回采率Mine Production Capacity (MPC) coalface output 采煤工作面产量mining district production capacity能力cost per ton coal product 吨煤成本mine service life 矿井使用年限mine field development 井田开拓development roadway 开拓巷道development way 开拓方式development system 开拓系统portal type 井筒类型shaft development 立井开拓combined development 综合开拓development roadway layout 开拓巷道布置main roadway for single seam 分层大巷gathering main roadway 集中大巷gatering main roadway for each coal seam group分组集中大巷single level 单水平mutiple level 多水平preparation type 准备方式rise type 上山式rise and dip Type 上下山式combined rises and dip 上山、上下山混合式industrial area 工业场地mining level 开采水平pit bottom 井底车场development deepening 开拓延深replacement of mining level 水平接替transportation facility 运输设备electromechanical mine operation 矿井机电作业capital investment 基本建设投资。

英语材料1采矿专业英语1 概述1 mining 采矿2 underground mining 地下采矿3 open cut mining, open pit mining, surface mining 露天采矿4 mining engineering 采矿工程5 mining technology 采矿工艺6 underground mining 地下矿山7 surface mining 露天矿山8 exploitation 开采scope of exploitation 开采范围；910 exploration 勘探11 mine feasibility study 矿山可行性研究mine capacity 矿山规模1213 mine production capacity 矿山生产能力mining schedule 采矿计划1415 annual mine output 矿山年产量16 mine life 矿山服务年限17mine construction 矿山基本建设18 mine construction period 矿山建设期限arrival at mine full capacity 矿山达产1920 mining intensity 开采强度21 rock mechanics 岩石力学22 rock mass mechanics 岩体力学2 地质1 crust 地壳，外壳mineral deposit 矿床2 mine field 矿田3 mine 矿山4 orebody 矿体blind orebody 盲矿体；buried orebody 隐伏矿体；irregular-shaped orebody 不规则矿体；marginal orebody 边缘矿体5 vein 矿脉6 ore 矿石7 grade 品位geological grade 地质品位；average grade 平均品位；cut-off grade 边界品位；economic grade 经济品位8 industrial ore 工业矿石9 extracted ore 采出矿石10 hanging wall 上盘11 footwall 下盘12 bedrock 基岩13 mineralization 成矿作用14 mining area 矿区15 outcrop 露头16 reserve 储量ore reserve 矿石储量；proved reserve 探明储量17 strike 走向18 dip 倾向2 地质dip angle 倾角；19 lead 铅20 aluminium 铝21 zinc 锌22 tin 锡23 mercury 汞24 antimony 锑25 platinum 铂3 开拓系统1 chamber 硐室2 crosscut 石门，联络巷；3 footrill 平硐4 decline 斜坡道5 entry 平巷main entry 主巷6 inset 马头门loading room 装矿硐室7 pump station 泵站8 orepass 放矿溜井9 portal 井口10 pump station 泵站11 ramp 斜坡道12 shaft 竖井main shaft 主井；auxiliary shaft 副井；ventilation shaft 通风井；intake shaft 进风井；inclined shaft 斜井shaft station 井底车场13 substation 变电所central substation 中央变电所；14 slope 斜井15 sump 水仓16 tunnel 巷道4 采矿方法1 dip 下山2 rise 上山3 drill 钻孔drilling 凿岩；drilling blasting 凿岩爆破；4 mining method 采矿方法5 parallel working 平行作业6 pillar 矿柱safety pillar 安全矿柱；7 stope 采场stoping sequence 回采顺序；stope arrangement 采场布置8 block open stoping 阶段矿房法room and pillar 房柱法shrinkage stope 留矿法9 sublevel open stoping (SLOS) 分段矿房法block caving method 阶段崩落法10 sublevel caving method 分段崩落法top slicing 分层崩落法cut-and-fill stoping 上向分层充填法drill-and-fill method stoping 上向进路充填法long-wall fill stoping 长壁充填法working face 工作面line of least resistance 最小抵抗线5 通风排水系统1 ventilation 通风ventilation system 通风系统；2 drainage 排水drainage pipeline 排水管道；3 return shaft 回风井4 intake shaft 进风井6 机械设备1 air compressor 空气压缩机2 cage 罐笼3 dump track 卸土车4 detonator 雷管5 detonating tube 导爆管6 detonating cord 导爆索7 electronic powered slusher 电耙8 electric excavator 电铲gravel pump 砂泵9 headframe 井架10 hoist house 提升机房11 landing platform 摇台roller-bit rotary rig 牙轮钻机12 skip 箕斗2商务英语2.1词汇1 deficit 赤字，不足额2 commodity 商品，货物3 concentration n. 浓度；集中；浓缩；专心；集合average concentration 平均含量consumption 消耗，消费4 emission 排放物，辐射5 equivalent adj.等价的，相等的；同意义的；n.等价物，相等物6 reclamation 复垦，再利用spot 现货，股票7 sustainability 持续性8 strike 罢工9 ultimate n.终极；根本；基本原则；adj.最终的；极限的；根本的10 versus 对抗，与……相对不常用名词1 phosphate n.[化]磷酸盐；[地]皮膜化成2 potash n.碳酸钾；草碱；苛性钾；钾化合3 uranium n. [化]铀2.2口语Care and diligence bring luck. 谨慎才能带来机遇。

采矿mining 地下采矿underground mining 采矿工程mining engineering露天采矿open cut mining, open pit mining, surface mining选矿（学）mineral dressing, ore beneficiation, mineral processing 矿物工程mineral engineering冶金（学）metallurgy 过程冶金（学）process metallurgy提取冶金（学）extractive metallurgy 化学冶金（学）chemical metallurgy物理冶金（学）physical metallurgy金属学Metallkunde 冶金过程物理化学physical chemistry of process metallurgy冶金反应工程学metallurgical reaction engineering 冶金工程metallurgical engineering钢铁冶金（学）ferrous metallurgy, metallurgy of iron and steel 有色冶金(学)nonferrous metallurgy 真空冶金(学)vacuum metallurgy 等离子冶金(学)plasma metallurgy微生物冶金(学)microbial metallurgy喷射冶金(学)injection metallurgy 钢包冶金(学)ladle metallurgy 二次冶金(学)secondary metallurgy 机械冶金(学)mechanical metallurgy 焊接冶金(学)welding metallurgy粉末冶金(学)powder metallurgy铸造学foundry 火法冶金(学)pyrometallurgy 湿法冶金(学)hydrometallurgy电冶金(学)electrometallurgy氯冶金(学)chlorine metallurgy 中国金属学会The Chinese Society for Metals矿物资源综合利用engineering of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources中国金属学会The Chinese Society for Metals 中国有色金属学会The Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2 采矿采矿工艺mining technology 有用矿物valuable mineral冶金矿产原料metallurgical mineral raw materials矿床mineral deposit 特殊采矿specialized mining 海洋采矿oceanic mining, marine mining矿田mine field矿山mine 露天矿山surface mine 地下矿山underground mine 矿井shaft矿床勘探mineral deposit exploration矿山可行性研究mine feasibility study 矿山规模mine capacity 矿山生产能力mine production capacity 矿山年产量annual mine output 矿山服务年限mine life 矿山基本建设mine construction矿山建设期限mine construction period 矿山达产arrival at mine full capacity开采强度mining intensity矿石回收率ore recovery ratio 矿石损失率ore loss ratio 工业矿石industrial ore采出矿石extracted ore矿体orebody 矿脉vein 海洋矿产资源oceanic mineral resources 矿石ore 矿石品位ore grade岩石力学rock mechanics 岩体力学rock mass mechanics3 选矿选矿厂concentrator, mineral processing plant 工艺矿物学process mineralogy 开路open circuit闭路closed circuit 流程flowsheet 方框流程block flowsheet 产率yield 回收率recovery矿物mineral粒度particle size 粗颗粒coarse particle 细颗粒fine particle 超微颗粒ultrafine particle粗粒级coarse fraction细粒级fine fraction 网目mesh 原矿run of mine, crude 精矿concentrate 粗精矿rough concentrate 混合精矿bulk concentrate 最终精矿final concentrate 尾矿tailings 粉碎comminution 破碎crushing 磨碎grinding 团聚agglomeration 筛分screening, sieving 分级classification 富集concentration 分选separation 手选hand sorting 重选gravity separation, gravity concentration磁选magnetic separation电选electrostatic separation 浮选flotation 化学选矿chemical mineral processing自然铜native copper铝土矿bauxite 冰晶石cryolite 磁铁矿magnetite 赤铁矿hematite 假象赤铁矿martite铁燧石taconite钒钛磁铁矿vanadium titano-magnetite 铁燧石taconite 褐铁矿limonite 菱铁矿siderite镜铁矿specularite硬锰矿psilomelane 软锰矿pyrolusite 铬铁矿chromite 黄铁矿pyrite 钛铁矿ilmennite金红石rutile萤石fluorite 高岭石kaolinite 菱镁矿magnesite 重晶石barite 石墨graphite 石英quartz方解石calcite石灰石limestone 白云石dolomite 云母mica 石膏gypsum 硼砂borax 石棉asbestos蛇纹石serpentine阶段破碎stage crushing 粗碎primary crushing 中碎secondary crushing 细碎fine crushing粉磨机pulverizer对辊破碎机roll crusher 粉磨机pulverizer 震动筛vibrating screen 筛网screen cloth筛孔screen opening筛上料oversize 筛下料undersize 粗磨coarse grinding 细磨fine grinding 球磨机ball mill 衬板liner 分级机classifier 自由沉降free setting 沉积sedimentation 石灰lime 松油pine oil硫化钠sodium sulfide硅酸钠（水玻璃）sodium silicate, water glass 过滤filtration 过滤机filter 给矿，给料feeding给矿机feeder在线分析仪on line analyzer 在线粒度分析仪on line size analyzer 矿物加工工程：mineral processing 超声粒度计ultrasonic particle sizer, supersonic particle sizer 矿物：mineral ；矿石：ore ；有用矿物：desired mineral ；脉石矿物：gangue mineral ；复杂难处理矿石：complex and refractory ore ；品位：grade ；原矿品位：feed assay，head grade ；回收率：recovery ；精矿：concentrate ；中矿：middling ；尾矿：tailing ；粒度：size ；粒级：size fraction；粗粒：coarse ；细粒：fine ；解离度：particle-lieberation size ；浸出：leaching ；分选试验：processing flow sheet ；流程：flow sheet ；给料：charge；接触角：contact angle ；界面张力：interfacial tension ；吸附：adsorption；优先浮选：differential flotation；泡沫：foam，froth ；药剂制度：reagent regime ；可浮性：flotability ；浮选槽：cell ；浮选机：flotator ；搅拌：stir，agitation 原矿：run-of-mine ore 粉碎：comminution粗碎破碎机：primary crusher 二段破碎机：secondary crusher 磨矿机：grinding mill 可磨度：grindability 筛分：screening 分级：classification 自由沉降：free settling 干涉沉降：hindered settling 分级机：classifier 重力分选：gravity separation 跳汰机：jigs 摇床：shaking tables 重介质：heavy medium重液试验：heavy liquid tests 磁电分选：magnetic and electrical separation静电分选：electrostatic separation 浮选：flotation 捕收剂：collectors 起泡剂：frothers 调整剂：regulators 浮选回路：flotation circuits 脱水：dewatering 尾矿处理：tailings disposal 凝聚：coagulation絮凝：flocculation 过滤：filtration 干燥：drying 生产安全：production safety 生产成本：production cost 生产定额：production quota 生产费用：operation cost 生产费用估算：operation cost estimate生产工艺：operation process 生产管理：production management生产过程控制管理系统：industry process control system 生产计划：production plan生产能力：production capacity 生产实践：production practice 生产统计：production statistics生产盈利：operating profitability 生产制度：production system 设计—design设计参数—design parameter 设计方案—design scheme 设计规范—design criteria设计数据—design data 设计特点—design featureAggregation；团矿Comminution；粉碎Classification；分级Crushers；破碎机Grinding Mills；磨矿机Screens；筛分机Jigs；跳汰机Shaking Tables；摇床Magnetic Separation；磁力分选Gravity Concentration；重力分选Frothers；起泡剂Regulators；调整剂T ailings Disposal；尾矿处理。