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定语从句055 In the time when the dinosaurs dominated the daytime economy ,our mammalian ancestors probably only managed to survive at all because they found ways of scraping a living at night.056 It has now reached a point where a growing number of people believe that it is far too high, and that bringing it down will be one of the great challenges of the twenty first century.057 Having determined the main transport needs , possible solutions were identified which might reduce the time and burden.058 Despite its pioneering technology , no eye-witness accounts are known which describe the iron bridge being erected---and certainly no plans have survived.059 The construction of the model proved that the painting shows a very realistic method of constructing the bridge that could work and was in all probability the method used.060 At the height of the Roman Empire , nine major systems, with an innovative layout of pipes and well-built sewers ,supplied the occupants of Rome with as much water per person as is provided in many parts of the industrial world today.061 In Britain ,for example, many of our best-loved farmland birds, such as the skylark, the greypartridge, the lapwing and the corn bunting, have vanished from huge stretches of countryside, as have even more wild flowers and insects.062 The Council, which was founded in 1996,certifies fisheries that meet high environmental standards, enabling them to use a label that recognises their environmental responsibility.063 In the Glass and Singer study, in which subjects were exposed to bursts of noise as they worked on a task, some subjects heard loud bursts and others heard soft bursts. 064 European countries are becoming increasingly concerned by major threats to European forests ,threats which known no frontiers other than those of geography or climate : air pollution , soil deterioration , the increasing number of forest fires and sometimes even the mismanagement of our woodland and forest heritage.065 Greenberg is in a minority among fellow linguists , most of whom favour thenotion of a great many waves of migration to account for the more than 1,000 languages spoken at one time by American Indians .066 For example, high noise levels interfered with the performance of subjects who were required to monitor three dials at a time, a task not unlike that of an aeroplance pilot or an ai r–traffic controller （Broadbent, 1957）.067 Matthews found a German study which looked at what he called ‘mixed-handedness’, that is, the capacity to use both left and right hands equally.。
雅思阅读长难句分析1. It is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.2. Whether the government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa(反之) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.3. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.4.There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.5.Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country’s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.---------------------------1-5答案-----------------1. It is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.译文：许多人认为，普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维过程相比，认为这些思维过程必须经过某种专门训练才能掌握。
1. 【雅思长难句分析】1-5雅思阅读长难句分析：1And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.雅思阅读长难句分析：2Whether the government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of techno logy or vice versa(反之) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.雅思阅读长难句分析：3How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, andAppropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.雅思阅读长难句分析：4There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to theResearch techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.雅思阅读长难句分析：5Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country’seconomy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry , and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.---------------------------1-5答案------------------答案：and it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with theseprocesses, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.要点：句子的框架是and it is imagined … that…, and that …。
雅思阅读名词性从句是烤鸭们必须掌握的一个知识点，下面分享了相关的定义和备考方法，大家可以参考一下。
一、名词性从句的定义和分类在句中起名词作用的句子叫做名词性从句，该从句能作为主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等成分。
所以，相应地，名词性从句有四个分类：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
通常从句都需要有相应的连接词，名词性从句也不例外。
常见的名词性从句连接词可以分为三类：1. 不做任何成分的连接词：that、whether/if、as if/as though;2. 连接代词：what、whatever、who、whoever、whom、whomever、whose、whosever、which、whichever;3. 连接副词：when、whenever、where、wherever、how、however、why。
二、名词性从句的用法讲解1、主语从句：主语从句就是在复合句中充当主语成分的句子。
常见的主语从句的连接词有that、whether、who、when、how等。
主语从句的时态一般不受主句时态的影响和限制。
同学们还需要注意的是英语中为了避免头重脚轻，经常会把主语从句放在后面，用一个形式主语来代替。
给大家举个例子吧：It will never be known how and when this numeration ability developed, but it is certain that numeration was well developed by the time (that) humans had formed even permanent settlements. (剑 6 Test 2 passage 3)句子结构分析：主语是it，指代后面的由两个特殊疑问词how and when引导的主语从句，谓语是will never be known，but表转折，第二个it作形式主语，指代后面的that主语从句，系动词是is，表语是certain。
剑七长难句总结上海环球雅思今天，环球雅思为大家整理了剑七中的长难句，供大家参考使用。
环球雅思每天为您带来新资讯！✧例句1:The light source must therefore be immensely brighter if it is to be used as aheadlight toilluminate the path, than if it is to be used as a signal to others.(C7T1P1)类型:条件状语从句,比较结构,分裂结构。
结构:The light source(主句主语) must therefore(分裂结构做插入语) be(主句谓语)immensely brighter(主句表语) if(条件状语从句1连接词) it(从句1主语) is(从句1谓语) to be used(从句1不定式做表语) as a headlight to illuminate (不定式结构)thepath, than(比较结构) if(条件状语从句2连接词) it(从句2主语) is(从句2谓语) to beused(从句2不定式做表语) as a signal to others.翻译:因此,如果光源被作为探照灯去照明,那光源的亮度必须要比作为信号灯的时候高很多。
✧例句2:One report tells of a totally blind boy who could ride his tricycle at good speed roundtheblock near his home, using facial vision.(C7T1P1)类型:定语从句,非谓语结构。
结构:One report(主句主语) tells(主句谓语) of a totally blind boy(主句宾语)who(定语从句连词) could ride(从句谓语) his tricycle(从句宾语) at good speed(介词短语1) round the block(介词短语2) near his home(介词短语3), using(非谓语结构)facial vision.翻译:有报告说一个完全失明的小男孩可以通过面部视觉来绕着自己家附近的街区飞快的骑三轮车,✧例句3:At the height of the Roman Empire, nine major systems, with an innovative layout of pipes and well-built sewers, supplied the occupants of Rome with as much water per person as is provided in many parts of the industrial world today.(C7T1P2)类型:分裂结构,比较结构,省略结构。
剑桥雅思考试全真试题7 （长难句）1.Given that there is a living to be made at night, and given thatalternative daytime trades are thoroughly occupied, natural selection has favoured bats that make a go of the night-hunting trade.鉴于有些生物要在夜间谋生，并且白天的猎物资源都已经被占用，自然选择最终使蝙蝠们在夜间捕猎行大显身手。
2.The Sonar and Radar pioneers didn’t know it then, but all the worldnow knows that bats, or rather natural selection working on bats, had perfected the system tens of millions of years earlier, and their “radar”achieves feats of detection and navigation that would strike an engineer dumb with admiration.当时的雷达声纳技术先驱们毫不知情，但现在所有人都明白了正是蝙蝠，或者说是自然选择在蝙蝠身上的鬼斧神工，早在几百万年前就已经使这种技术达到完美境界，蝙蝠的“雷达”在探测及导航方面取得的完美成果足以让人类工程师佩服到哑口无言。
3.At the height of the Roman Empire, nine major systems, with aninnovative layout of pipes and well-built sewers, supplied the occupants of Rome with as much water per person as is provided in many parts of the industrial world today.在罗马帝国鼎盛时期，人们修建了9条主要水利系统，其输水管道和污水管道均以革新的方式铺设，为城区居民提供用水。
说道雅思语法的名词性从句，首先想问大家一个问题，那就是，什么是从句：clause：s（subject）+v（verb）一个句子都要有一个独立的从句，简单句除外。
而名词从句是一个从属句，什么意思呢？就是名词性从句不能成为一个单独的完成的句子，它只能在句子中充当一个成分（part of a sentence）。
今天我们就讲怎么用名词从句。
1、连接词（conjunction）连接名词从句的连接词到底有哪些：that、which、who、whom、whose、what、if、whether、when、where、why、how、whoever、whomever、whenever、wherever、whatever、whichever。
这是所有的连接词，有些可要谨慎使用哦~这些连接词，有的也可以连接定语从句，但是同学们在雅思语法学习时要注意“that”这个连接词。
因为当that引导从句的时候，常常被省略。
还有一些连接词既可以做连接词，也可以做从句中的主语，比如“which”“who”“what”还有“who/which/what-ever”，注意“whom”做宾语成分。
2、When to use and How to use基本来说，名词从句通常有四种用法。
1）名词性从句做主语What she wore to the party really turned some heads.名词从句：“What she wore to the party”——连接词“what” 名词从句里的主语“she”，动词“wore”。
整个句子的动词“turned”，turned前面都是主语。
名词从句充当主语成分。
Whoever wants to know should ask me.我们来找这句话的动词，两个——“wants”和“should ask“。
“wants”的主语是“whoever”，“should ask”的主语是“whoever wants to know”。
名词性从句24. In any event, whether or not the reason is the energy expense, it seems to be the case that, with the possible exception of some weird deep-sea fish, no animal apart from man uses manufactured light to find its way about.25. What those early craftsmen had found by trial and error was that under pressure a pagoda‟s loose stack of floors could be made to slither to and fro independent of one another.26. And what began as a wholly practical exercise in keeping illegal drugs out of Australia may end up playing a role in an entirely different sphere ---the comparatively esoteric world of neurobiology.27. Experiments showed that , in fact, facial vision is nothing to do with touch or the front of the face, although the sensation may be referred to the front of the face ,like the referred pain in a phantom limb.28. This means that a forest policy is vital, that it must transcend national frontiers and generations of people , and that it must allow for the inevitable changes that take place in the forests, in needs, and hence in policy.29. But the underlying mathematical theories of radar and sonar are very similar, and much of our scientific understanding of the details of what bats are doing has come from applying radar theory to them.30. MIRTP focuses on what would be most appropriate for the inhabitants of Makete in terms of what was available , how much they could afford and what they were willing to accept. 31. Vandeloo and champness assess the dogs‟ abilities to concentrate by marking t hem on a scale of between one and five according to how well they remain focused on a toy tossed intoa patch of grass.32. The underlying assumption was that the time saved would be used instead for activities that would improve the social and economic development of the communities.33. And yet most of us have had the experience of having to adjust to sleeping in the mountains or the countryside because it was initially …too quite‟, an experience that suggests that humans are capable of adapting to a wide range of noise levels.34. Lozanov‟s instructional technique is based on the evidence that the connections made in the brain through unconscious processing(which he calls non-specific mental reactivity) are more durable than those made through conscious processing.35. Through meeting with the staff and satisfied students they develop the expectation that learning will be early and pleasant and that they will successfully learn several hundred words of the foreign language during the class.36. The general declaration was made that …a central place in any ecologically coherent forest policy must be given to continuity over time and to the possible effects of unforeseen events, to ensure that the full potential of those forests is maintained‟.37. It would h ave been easy to criticize the MIRTP for using in the early phases a …top-down‟ approach, in which decisions were made by experts and officials before being handed down to communities, but it was necessary to start the process from the level of the governmental authorities of the distinct.38. Rather, they contend, it was almost certainly the result of climatic shifts, prompted in part by cumulative effects of the elnino?la nina phenomenon on Pacific Ocean temperatures, culminating in a harsh winter in which huge numbers of salmon eggs were frozen.39. It would be noted, however, that a donkey which at 20,000 Tanzanian shillings costs less than a bicycle, is still an investment equal to an average household‟s income over half a year.40. It was once thought that the fungus that ants cultivate was a single type that they hadpropagated, essentially unchanged from the distant past.41. Landlords obviously have to agree to any changes so it is important that the contract includes details of what will be allowed and how much extra will be charged on top of the costs of rebuilding or alteration.42. Some water experts are now demanding that existing infrastructure be used in smarter ways rather than building new facilities, which is increasingly considered the potion of last, not first, resort.43. Besides the laboratory evidence for this, we know from our experience that we often remember what we have perceived peripherally, long after we have forgotten what we set out to learn.44. Just as a doctor calls on the full power of autocratic suggestion by insisting that the patient take precisely this capsule precisely three times a day before meals, Lozanov is categoric in sisting that the suggestopedic session be conducted exactly in the manner designated, by trained and accredited suggestopedic teachers.45. Although forest fires do not affect all of Europe to the same extent, the amount of damage cause the experts to propose as the third relolution that the Strasbourg conference consider the establishmnet of a Europen databank on the subject.46. Studies carried out by Turner of many thousands of New and Old World specimens, both ancient and nodern, suggest that the majority of prehistoric Americans are linked to Northern Asian populations by crown and root traits such as incisor shovling (a scooping out on one or both surfaces of the tooth), single-rooted upper first premolars and triple-rooted lower first molars.47. Florence is one of a truly new breed: the product of what is perhaps the only project in the world dedicated to breeding dogs solely to detect drugs.48. You might say that this is a problem of their own making, one that they could avoid simply by changing theri habits and hunting by day.49. Another difference from conventional teaching is the evidence that students can regularly learn 1000 new words of a foreign language during a suggestopedic session, as well as grammar and idiom.50. That is mainly because the costs of all this damage are what economists refer to as externalities; they are outside the main transaction, which is for example producing and selling a field of wheat, and are borne directly by neither producers nor consumers.51. Florence could help neurobiologists to understand both what they call “attention processing”, the brain mechanisms that determine what a person pays attention to and for how long, and its flip side, problems such as Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder.(ADHD).52. Darby had started a business in bristol, but he moved to Coalbrookdale in 1710 with an idea that coke derived from coal could provide a more economical alternative to charcol as a fuel forioronmaking.53. The Sonar and Radar pioneers didn‟t know it then, but all the world now knows that bats, or rather natural selection working on bats, had perfected the system tens of millions of years earlier, and their “radar”achieves feats of detection and navigation that would strike an engineer dumb with admiration.54. Discussions now centers on whether the route through the maze is communicated as a “left-right” sequence of turns or as a “compass bearing and distance” message.。
