下载文档原格式
Unit1(1)Ozone is a gas that occurs both in the Earth's upper atmosphere and at ground level.Ozone can be"good"or "bad"for your health and the environment,depending on its location in the atmosphere.臭氧是一种发生在地球的上层大气和地面之间的一种气体.臭氧对人们的健康和环境是好还是坏的，这取决于它在大气中的位置。
（2）Ozone occurs in two layers of the atmosphere. The layer closest to the EEarth's surface is the troposphere. Here, ground-level or"bad" ozone is an air pollutant that is harmful to breathe and it damages crops,trees and other vegetation. lt is a main ingredient of urban smog. The troposphere generally extends to a level about 6 miles up,where it meets the second layer,the stratosphere. The stratosphere or"good" ozone layer extends upward from about 6 to 30 miles and protects life on Earth from the ssun's harmful ultraviolet(UV)rays.臭氧发生在大气的两层.离地表最近的是对流层.在这里，地面或“坏的”臭氧是一种有害呼吸的空气污染物，它会损害农作物，树林和其他植被.它的主要成分是城市烟雾.烟雾通常延伸到6英里的高空，在那里与第二层平流层相遇.平流层或“良好”臭氧向上延伸6到30英里，保护地球上的生命免受太阳有害紫外线的危害。
1.我是护士I am a nurse.2.先给玛丽打个电话怎么样？What/How about making a call to Mary/ calling Mary first?3.我这个星期要来修理I’ll repair it this week.4.你为什么不去市场部Why don’t you go to the Marketing Department?5.她眼下在培训一个中国同事。
She is currently training a Chinese colleague.6.玛丽在度假Mary is having a holiday now.7.今晚去跳舞怎么样？What/How about going dancing this evening.8.这本书多少钱？How much does the book cost?9.你的老师是美国人吗？Is your teacher from the USA?10.大卫此刻在睡觉David is sleeping now.11.我今晚要感到七点钟I’ll work until 7 o’clock.12.他不是建筑师，他是工程师He isn’t an architect. He is an engineer.13.你为什么不去找房地产经纪人Why don’t you go to an estate agent?14.波莉在读报纸Polly is reading a newspaper.15.去看电影怎么样?What about going to the cinema? seeing a film16.小燕在读书Xiaoyan is reading a book.17.我来给他们打电话I’ll call them.18.你为什么不去看医生Why don’t you go to see a doctor?19.我要来打扫I’ll clean it.20.萨丽是个警官吗？Is Sally a police officer?21.明天下午去踢足球怎么样What about playing football tomorrow afternoon?22.你为什么不去试一试Why don’t you have a try?23.我父亲是医生My father is a doctor.24.去看看这个公寓怎么样What about seeing the flat?25.房租一月五百磅The rent is 500 pounds a month.26.他正在方位纽约办事处He is visiting the New York office right now.27.在酒吧见面怎么样How about meeting at the bar?28.你为什么不搞个计划Why don’t you make a plan?29.大卫此刻在睡觉David is sleeping now.30.你为什么不去和他们面谈Why don’t you go and talk to them face to face?31.他们是工程师They are engineers.英译汉1.I am waiting for an important telephone call.我在等一个重要电话。
翻译下列词语。
（1）雪中送炭help a lame dog over a stile（2）好好先生yes-man(3)一寸光阴一寸金an inch of time is an inch of gold(4)西部大开发western development(5)破产have/wear a green bonnet二．.翻译下列句子。
（1）幽默是智慧、学识、机敏的结晶，幽默在我们社会、家庭、工作、学习、生活中不可或缺。
Humor is the crystallization of wit, knowledge, and resourcefulness. It is also indispensable to our work, study ,family ,society ,and life in general.(2) 她使我知道人间的温暖;她使我知道爱与被爱的幸福。
It was to her that I owed my awareness of the fact that there is warmth in the world—that to show love is no less happiness than to be loved.(3)中国有两点是靠得住的，一是讲原则，二是说话算数。
（邓小平）China can be counted on. Among other things, first, it upholds principles and second, it honors its words.(4) 月光如水一般，静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上。
薄薄的青雾浮起在荷塘里，叶子和华仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样；又像笼着轻纱的梦。
Moonlight cascaded like water over the locus leaves and flowers, and a light blue mist floating up from the pool made them seem washed in milk or caught in a gauzy dream.(5)专家们认为，这种流行病不是由空气污染，就是由食物污染所引起。
英汉笔译期末考试题及答案一、词汇翻译（每题1分，共10分）1. 请将下列英语单词翻译成中文：- Innovation- Sustainability- Infrastructure- Collaboration- Resilience2. 请将下列中文词汇翻译成英文：- 创新- 可持续性- 基础设施- 合作- 弹性二、句子翻译（每题3分，共15分）1. The rapid development of technology has transformed our daily lives.2. 随着经济全球化的深入发展，国际交流日益频繁。
3. 环境保护已成为全球关注的焦点。
4. 他致力于推动教育改革，提高教育质量。
5. 这个项目的成功依赖于团队成员的共同努力。
三、段落翻译（每题5分，共30分）1. 翻译以下英文段落到中文："The concept of a smart city is becoming increasingly popular. It involves the use of information and communicationtechnologies to enhance the quality and performance of urban services, to reduce costs, resource consumption and enhance sustainability."2. 翻译以下中文段落到英文："随着互联网技术的飞速发展，电子商务已经成为现代经济的重要组成部分。
它极大地方便了人们的生活，同时也为企业提供了新的商业模式和市场机会。
"四、短文翻译（每题10分，共40分）1. 翻译以下英文短文到中文："In recent years, the rise of social media has had a profound impact on society. It has changed the way we communicate, share information, and interact with each other. The accessibility and immediacy of social media platforms have made it easier for people to stay connected, regardless of their physical location."2. 翻译以下中文短文到英文："随着中国在国际舞台上的日益崛起，越来越多的外国人开始学习汉语。
1、一项又一项的研究发现译：Study after study has uncovered the fact that there is a close correlation between food and a number of chronic diseases.for example ,a decreased risk of certain chronic diseases is associated with an increased consumption of plant-based foods.therefore ,in the past decade ,the American Dietetic Association has urged Americans to reduce their intake of animal fats,and to boost consumption of fruits,vegetables,and grains.Meanwhile,the United States Department of Agriculture has released a document containing the food guide pyramid,which encourages a minimum of three vegetable and two fruit servings per day.However,many Americans still don’t listen to these recommendations.2、我们大学译：The new president of our university disapproves of the idea that we should be allowed to tell lies under certain circumstances.He believes that if people get used to telling any kind of lie,they will indulge themselves and eventually be stuck with the bad habit. To tell or not to tell a lie can sometimes become a very sticky issue.but our president insists on the notion that nobody in the world of education should dodge the responsibility of attaching primary importance to honesty while teaching the young.I agree with him what about you?3、多数科学家译：Most scientists no longer doubt that the world is warming up and that humanity has altered climate.they agree that the long-term effects of global warming will be disastrous for the planet and its inhabitants .what is more, climate change won’t be a smooth transition to a warmer world.some regions will be greatly affected by abrupt climate changes. Enormous areas of densely populated land like coastal Florida would become uninhabitable. Hundreds of millions of residents would have to migrate to safer regions.Therefore,it is no surprise that global warming has made its way onto the agenda of world leaders.4、罗伯特·李译：Robert lee’s father’s life had been plagued by poor financial investments.He was jailed twice for unpaid debts and in the end was forced to flee the country.lee’s mother was the dominant force in shaping lee’s personality.Against the poignant failure of her husband,she was determined that the tragedy should not be repeated in the life of her children. Self-control,a sense of obligation and an indomitable spirit were the virtues she taught lee.In 1825, with an aspiration to win back the family honor, lee began studying at west point Military Academy. This began a new chapter of his life. Over the four years,he consistently finished near the top of every course.赌徒的家人译：Gamblers’ family members always pay a steep price. They not only have to endure the pain of having their wealth wiped away overnight, but they are also frequently overwhelmed with feelings of depression and hopelessness.A nationwide survey found that over 2 million adults identified a spouse’s gambling as a significant factor in a prior divorce.the number of divorces in a county in Mississippi has nearly tripled since the advent of casinos.the county has also witnessed increases in domestic violence since then.A considerable body of evidence showed that the expansion of legally sanctioned gambling destroys individuals,ruins families, increases crime,and ultimately costs society far more than the revenues government collects.1.With the译：除了某些宗教派别，很少有人自愿吃素。
Unit11) 要鼓励学生自己掌控学习，而不是只依赖老师。
(take control of, rather than)The students should be encouraged to take control of their learning rather than just rely on the teacher.2) 医生建议我储备一些蔬菜和水果。
同时我还需要密切关注体重。
(stock up on, in the meantime, keep track of)The doctor advised me to stock up on fruits and vegetables. In the meantime, I also need to keep careful track of my weight.3)坏习惯是很难克服的，有时候一个小小的诱惑就足以使人旧病复发。
(conquer, temptation, fall off the wagon)A bad habit is hard to conquer. Sometimes one small temptation is enough to make someone fall off the wagon.4)自从她开始每周锻炼后，她感觉更健康了，也更能专注于工作了。
(weekly, focus on)Since she started to exercise weekly, she has felt healthier and better able to focus on her work.5) 减少了每天摄入的卡路里总量后，他注意到了体重的持续减轻。
(total, calorie, ingest, consistent)After reducing the total number of calories ingested daily, he noticed a consistent loss of weight.6) 很少有人能不借助医学帮助就克服一个成瘾性的习惯。
大学英语期末考试音译汉In the middle and late 20th century, the rapid development of science and technology witnessed the birth of high technology, represented by the Internet. But at the same time various high-tech crimes, as represented by cybercrime, also arouse, constituting a potential threat to the healthy development of society. How to prevent and reduce high-tech crimes has become a common concern. China is facing a similar situation. To avoid or reduce losses caused by high-tech crimes, we should keep alert in our daily lives, so as not to be deceived.<译文>20世纪中后期，随着科学技术的迅速发展，以网络技术为代表的高科技相继问世。
但与此同时，以网络犯罪为代表的各种高科技犯罪也开始出现，对社会的健康发展带来潜在的威胁。
如何预防和减少高科技犯罪已成为受到普遍关注的问题。
中国也面临着同样的问题。
为避免或减少由此带来的损失，在日常生活中，我们应该提高警惕，避免上当受骗。
With the increasingly fierce competition in the job market, Chinese college students are attaching more and more importance to internships. Every year, a lot of senior students take part in internships which may help them find out whether what they have made the right choice of career and have a clear idea of what they are going to do in their target job and what the job demands; it also helps students learn skills and cultivate their abilities. Taking internships is an effective way to secure a good job. In recruiting new staff, companies tend to prefer applicantswith relevant internship experience. Some companies will give preference to those who have done an internship in their companies.<译文>随着就业市场竞争的日益激烈，中国大学生越来越重视实习。
Unit21、有些网络专家认为因特网可以防止战争，减少污染，还能克服种种形式的不平等。
Some cyber gurus claim that the Internet will prevent wars, reduce pollutions, and combat various forms of inequality.2、不可否认，因特网可以增进交流，但它却无法消除战争，因为战争的爆发不仅仅是由于不同种族间缺乏充分理解而引起的。
Although the Internet undeniably fosters communications, it will not put an end to war, since wars are by no means caused simply by the failure of different peoples to understand each other adequately.3、只有当网上的活动能够真正取代现实世界中的行为时，因特网才能帮助节约能源，减少污染。
The Internet can help reduce energy consumption and pollution only if doing things online genuinely displaces real-world activities.4、穷人不能用因特网并不是因为他们买不起，而是他们缺乏必要的技能来有效地利用它，所以提高老百姓的文化水平要比给他们提供上网机会更有意义。
The poor are not shunning the Internet because they can’t afford it. The problem is that they lack the skills to exploit it effectively. Therefore, it makes more sense to aim for universal literacy than universal Internet access. 5、因为有了因特网，在不同国家从事类似工作的人们之间收入上的不平等减少了，但是贫穷国家中从事信息产业的人们与他们最贫穷的同胞之间在收入上的差异却拉大了。
期末复习1、据说那座新建成的大桥在上个月通车了。
（open to traffic）It’s said that the newly-completed bridge was opened to traffic last month.2、做这个实验使我们能更清楚地理解这一理论。
（enable）Doing this experiment enabled us to understand the theory more clearly.3.随着科技的发展，虚拟现实的游戏越来越逼真，也越来越受人们的欢迎。
（with）With the development of science and technology, games in virtual reality have become more realistic and are becoming more and more popular with people.4.这位科学家决定把他在四川的冒险经历写成一本书。
（determine）The scientist is determined to write a book on his adventurous experience in Sichuan.5、这两个新学生对于独立于父母并适应在上海的生活很有信心。
（confidence, independent,adapt）The two new students have full confidence in being independent of their parents and adapting to the life in Shanghai.6. 报纸和电视能拓展我们对世界的了解、（enable, expand）The newspaper and TV enable us to expand our understanding of the world.7. 自主学习让你自由地依照你的生活方式安排学习。
1. English however is probably too close for us to be able to analyze and judge it as dispassionately as we may now discuss the influence of Classical Chinese on East Asia or of Classical Latin on Western Europe.但是，英语有可能对我们来说过于亲近，以至于我们不能像我们讨论古典中文对于东亚，以及古典拉丁文对于西欧那样，不带偏见地去分析和判断它。
2. I had benefited, I discovered, from a process psychologists call “extinction.” If you put an individual in an anxiety-provoking situation often enough, he will eventually learn that there isn’t anything to be worried about.我发现自己得益于心理学家称之为“消失”的过程。
如果你经常把一个人置于引发忧率的环境中，最终他会得知没有什么事值得他担忧。
3. Should you be registered in a more rigidly structured program, knowing that real requirements of the job you want differ from your program`s offerings could indicate that you should supplement your education with additional courses beyond curriculum.如果你注册了一门不可更改的课程，而你又了解到你想得到的那份工作的实际要求和你所上课程的内容不同，那么这就表明你可以选则课表之外的课程来补充所学知识了。
Unit1 A new study shows that dogs can detect if someone has cancer just by sniffing the person’s breath. Ordinary household dogs with only a few weeks of basic training learn to accurately distinguish between breath samples of lung- and breast-cancer patients and healthy subjects.One expert, who led the research, said, “Our study provides compelling evidence that cancers hidden beneath the skin can be detected simply by (dogs’) examining the odors of a person’s breath.” Early detection of cancers greatly improves a patient’s survival chances, and researchers hope that man’s best friend, the dog, can become an important tool in early screening. Unit 2
A research team recently replicated a bacterium’s genetic structure entirely from l aboratory chemicals, moving one step closer to creating the world’s first artificial organism. The researchers said, “It’s the second step of a three-step process to create a synthetic organism. But the final step could prove far more difficult.” Nonetheless, the research is pushing forward at a rapid pace. Last June, the team revealed details of an experiment in which researchers inserted the DNA of one species of bacterium into the cells of another. That process almost magically booted up the inserted genome. The research team hopes to use a similar trick to boot up the artificially created genome, so as to create a man-made living organism.
Unit 3
In recent years, the psychologists from many countries banded together to do a research which indicated that continued income growth could make people apply themselves to an ongoing consumption race rather than promote overall happiness. Everyone has to spend more and more money in order to maintain a constant level of happiness. This is because our vanity and jealousy are functioning . The way to sort out them out is to cultivate the noble sentiment of being considerate and serving the society. People shouldn’t pin all their hopes on money. Instead , friends, family and work are also playing a very improtant role . Therefore, hapiness is not an inborn trait, but a talent which everyone can learn.
Unit 4 I used to feel excited at teaching my students the elegant economic theories that could supposedly cure societal problems of all types. But what is the good of all my complex theories when people were dying of starvation on the sidewalks and porches across from my lecture hall? My lessons were like the American movies where the good guys always win. But when I emerged from the comfort of the classroom, I was faced with the reality of the city streets. Here good guys were mercilessly beaten and trampled. Daily life ws getting worse, and the poor were growing even poorer.
Unit 5
No one thought that shy little Einstein would grow up to a prominent scientist. He was slow in learning to speak, and he often paused to consider what he would say during a conversation.In school, Albert Einstein was singled out by his teachers as a troublesome child because he liked to ask difficult strange questions. He did not like to memorize facts and rules, but was interested in what lay below the surface of things. When he was four or five years old, for instance, his father gave him a compass. Little Einstein was curious about the mysterious force that could keep a compass needle always pointing north, which prompted him to read widely in science. His real studies were mostly done at home by reading books on mathematics, physics, and philosophy.
Unit 6
Most Americans have great vigor and enthusiasm. They prefer to discipline themselves rather than be disciplined by others. They pride themselves on their independence, their right to make their own minds. They tend to take the initiatives, even when there is a risk in doing so. They have courage and do not give in easily. They are considered sentimental. When they see a flag on ceremonial occasions, or attend parades celebrating Ame rica’s glorious past, tears may come to their eyes. They tend to be emotional at the reunions with family and friends, too. Sometimes, they can laugh at themselves and their country, while they will always remain intensely patriotic.。
