高中英语动词短语分类

动词及动词词组动词和动词短语是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，其主要考点概览如下：1.实义动词sell, write, wash, wear等词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义；2.happen, occur, break out, come out, belong to等词为不及物动词或短语，无被动形式；3.同义、近义或结构近似的动词或短语动词的辨析；4.由get, turn, break ,take, set, come等动词构成的动词短语；5.have和get常见的用法；6.appear, seem和look的用法与区别。

动词和动词短语，在历年高考题中所占比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。

主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中，考纲要求在复习备考中要掌握以下几个方面:1.动词的词义；2.动词搭配；3.动词短语；4.及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法；5.常用动词的用法；6.熟记16个高频动词构成的短语用法（break, bring, call, come, cut, give, go, get, hold, look, make, put, set, take, turn, set（改为send）等）一、动词的分类根据意义和句法作用，英语动词可分为四类：1.行为动词（实义动词）①及物动词（带宾语）：study, develop;②不及物动词（不带宾语）work, swim, go, come③状态动词（相对静止）contain, exist, own, prefer, belong④动作动词延续性（work, stay）；非延续性（marry, go, come）2.系动词①表示人或事物的特征和状态：be, feel, look, seem, taste, appear, sound②表示状态的变化：turn, go, become, get, fall, grow③表示某种状态的延续或持续：remain, keep, stay3.助动词（与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语）：be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall4.情态动词：can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)二、动词及动词短语（一）动词词义辨析动词是是各类考试的重点，高考试题中，单项填空、完形填空和改错等三项题型中，动词辨义的比重较大，并逐年增加。

―高中英语常用短语及句型归纳1．高考高频动词短语（1）act短语：act as 担任……职务，起……作用act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事）act out 表演（对话、故事等）act up 捣乱，出毛病例如：I acted as an interpreter while I was in Xiamen.Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case. (布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。

)The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus.He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot.（2）break短语：break away 摆脱，脱离break away from …脱离……，奋力挣脱……break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入 break into …闯入……，破门而入break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发break out in tears 突然大哭break the rule 违反规定break through 突围，冲跨break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开例如:The thief broke away from the police, but was later caught.If you keep on working like that, you’ll break down sooner or later.The car broke down just on my way here.If anyone tries to break in, the alarm will go off.If anyone tries to break into the building, the alarm will go off.She broke off a bit of bread and dipped it in the soup.I broke off the conversation and answered the phone.Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out?It may take a long time to break through the problem.In spring the icebergs begin to break up.（3）bring短语：bring about 引起，导致，使发生bring along 把……带来，领来bring back 拿回来，使恢复bring sb back 送回某人bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒（比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒）bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价[比较：(the price ) go down / up 价格下降/上涨] bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出bring to 使苏醒bring …to use = put …to use 对……加以利用bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施……（比较：sth come / go into effect 开始实施）bring up 抚养，培养，哺育例如：A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests. Y ou’re welcome to bring along a friend.The government hopes these measures will help to bring down inflation (通货膨胀).American country music brings in more than $10 billion each year.This new kind of technology was brought in in the early 1980s.Stress can bring on (=lead to / result in) headaches and other illnesses.Jenny opened the cupboard and brought out a couple of bottles.He was brought up by his grandparents.（4）call短语：call at (sp) 访问（某地），拜访（某地） [比较：call on (sb) 拜访（某人），访问（某人）] call back 回电话call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人call / shout for help 呼救call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话call off 取消call on / upon 号召call out 大声呼喊，叫喊call sb…for short 简称某人……call sb names 谩骂某人call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召例如：W e called at Mike’s house yesterday.All ships sailing on the oceans call for help by radio in English.I’ll call for my uncle at Beijing Railway Station.Let’s call in a doctor for the little g irl.Many of these songs called on / upon the workers to take up the struggle.I shall call on him tomorrow.I heard somebody calling out to me from downstairs.Call me up tomorrow; my number is 536291.Y our letter calls up the days when we worked together fifteen years ago.Due to the bad weather, the sports meeting has been called off.（5）come短语：come about 发生，产生come across 偶然相遇come along 来，随同，进展，加油come at …向……袭击come back 回来，想起来，复活come down 下来，下落，传下come down to…到达，从一处来到另一处come for…来拿，来取 come from…来自，出生于come in 进来，进入come into being 形成，产生come into use 使用起来come off 脱落，从……离开come on 过来，跟我来，加油，来吧，赶快come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇见，偶然碰上，偶然发现come out 露出，出来，出现，出版，发（芽），（花）开come over to…过来，顺便来访，从一个地方来到另一个地方come round / around （非正式）来访，串门come to …来到，出现，提及，达到，共计，结果是，苏醒come to an end 结束，终止come to know 逐渐地知道come to life （变得）活泼，苏醒过来come to light 显露，为人所知come to oneself 苏醒过来，恢复知觉come to / into power 当权，上台come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟come to terms with…甘心忍受come true 变为现实，成为事实come up 被提出，上来，走来，上升，抬头，长出来come up to sb 朝某人走来come up with …提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），赶上例如：A number of educational reforms have come about as a result of the report.I came across an old friend of mine in the street the other day.Y our English is coming along really well.Come along / on! Don’t give up yet!Come along / on! We’re all waiting for you!Suddenly, he came at me with a knife.Now, let’s come back to what I was saying a moment ago.It is impossible for a dead animal to come back.Snow was coming down so thickly that I could hardly see through the window.The airplane came down in that field.Where does the film star come from, do you know?Mr Smith came in in a hurry, book in hand (= with a book in his hand).The law first came into being in 1912.By the time he came to / into power in 1951, he was already seventy.How long is it since the electronic computer came into use?The button came off, but he didn’t notice it.There is no doubt that the truth will come out one day.The trees turn green and flowers come out.This magazine comes out once a month.Why don’t you come around / round for lunch?Some day you’ll come to know the mistakes you have made.If they don’t come to a decision by midnight, the talks will be abandoned.I’ve forgotten her name, but maybe it’l l come to me later.The bill came to ￡480 in total.His dream of becoming a film star came true at last.A child came up to me and showed me the way.The same problems came up at the meeting yesterday.They came up with the same problems at the meeting yesterday.Searching through the drawer, I came upon the letter I’d been looking for.（6）cut短语：cut away 切除，剪去cut down 砍倒，砍下，削减cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入cut in line 插队cut …into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成两半cut off 切断（线路），中断（供应）cut out 删除，剪下来cut the cost of …降低……的成本cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉例如：He cut away some branches, making it look more beautiful.A lot of trees there were cut down in the past.The electricity was cut off because of the storm.He was sentenced to death and had his head cut off the next day.Could you cut the pizza up, please?（7）do短语：do about 处理，应付do and don’t 要与不要do a good deed 做一件好事do a lot of walking 走很多路do a test 做实验，做化验do a word puzzle 猜字谜do an experiment / experiments 做实验do away with 废除do body-building 做健身操do chores 处理琐事，干家务do housework 做家务活do make-up 化妆，打扮do observations 观察do one’s best 尽某人最大努力do one’s homework 做作业do research on…从事……研究工作do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意do sb the favour to do sth 帮某人一个忙做某事do some reading 读书，阅读，看点书do some shopping = go shopping 购物，买东西do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 进行体育运动，做运动，进行锻炼do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事do telephone interviews 进行电话采访do the laundry 洗衣服do up 打扮，梳妆，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋带/梳好头do up the button 扣纽扣do well / better in…在……方面干得好/更好do with 处理，处置，对付do wrong 做坏事，做错事（比较：do right = do the right thing 做得对）例如：To tell the truth, I don’t know how to do with him.I’ll have nothing to do with him from now on.What did you do with that camera you found?The poisonous waste may do great harm to the things around us.Eat more fruit; it will do good to you.I think I can do better in English this year than last year.Liszt said, “Y ou’ve done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry about it.”I’m going to do my best this year.I was only trying to do a good deed.（8）get短语：get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中国get a full mark / full marks 得满分get a lot of satisfaction 得到满足get at 意指，本意是get around = get about 四处走动，活动get away 移走，拿走，逃脱，逃离get away from 逃脱，逃离get back 回来，回家，取回，找回，退还get close to 接近get down 下来，降下get down on one’s knees 跪下get down to (doing) sth 开始（做）某事）get in 进入，收获，达到get in a word 插话get into…进入……get sb into…使某人陷入get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得g et off 下车，脱下（衣服等）get on 上车，过活get on / along with…进展，与……相处get on one’s feet （艰难地）站立起来get out 离开，出去get out of 逃避，避免get over 克服，恢复，原谅get up 起床，起身get across 理解，度过get through 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（考试）get to 到达，抵达get to sleep 入睡，设法睡着get / gain / take possession of 占有，拥有，占领get ready for 为……做准备（比较：be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for 为……做好了准备）get rid of 除掉，去掉get sb to do 让某人做get the idea for…想到……的主意get the message across 传播信息get together 相聚，碰头，联欢get / be used to sth 习惯于……，适应于……（比较：be used as sth 被用作……be used for sth 被用于……，用来做……be used to do sth 被用于做……used to do sth 过去常常做）get / be dressed 穿衣服get / be engaged (to sb) （与某人）订婚get / be lost 丢失了，迷路get / be married (to sb) = marry (sb) （与某人）结婚get / be stuck 陷进去，被困住，被难住，遇到困难get / be tired of 对……感到厌倦，对……失去兴趣（比较：get / be tired for 因……而感到疲倦）例如：I’m getting on well with my classmates now.How are you getting along with your English?He got the book away from her.The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away.When did you get back from the countryside?Have you got back the book you lent him?“Get down on your knees,” said the Genie, “for I am going to kill you.”The dust has got into my eyes.This mistake may get him into difficulties.Before I could get in a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits.If you knock into someone, or get into his way, you should say, “Excuse me.” or “I’m sorry.”When you are in London, you might get in touch with a friend of mine.The conductor got off and checked the rails.She got on her bicycle and cycled off.Y ou work too hard! Y ou should get out a bit more.If you don’t want to go, I suppose I can get rid of the ticket.W e all try to get together at least once a year at Christmas time.It took us only four minutes to get through the Customs(海关).I telephoned him, but I just couldn’t get through to him.She felt so cold that she got close to her mother.It’s time we got down to work.The theatre was already full, and we couldn’t get in.The peasants are busy getting in the crops.W e didn’t get up until lunch time.He got up and walked over to the window.（9）give短语：give away 赠送，给予，背弃，泄露，分发give back 归还，送回give in 投降，让步，屈服give off 释放，发出，放出(烟、光、热等)give out 用完，耗尽，分发，发放give over = hand over 转交，移交give up 放弃，辞去give a concert 开音乐会give a description of…描述……give / make a speech 演讲，讲话give a talk 演讲，做报告give birth to 生婴儿，生产，造成give close attention to 密切关注give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗give shade in summer 夏天时遮阳give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助give sb a message = give a message to sb 给某人捎个口信give sb a second look 再看某人一眼give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建议/忠告例如：In those days, he used to give away a part of his income to help his friend.Remember not to give it away to anyone else; it’s a secret.Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give in.If they are burned, they will give off poisonous gases.When they made ready to climb the next ridge (山脊), they found that their oxygen had given out. Our English teacher is giving out the test papers.Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride.All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given up and the search stopped.Mary had to give up her job after her marriage.Mr Black will give us a talk on how to learn English well this afternoon.Could you give us some advice on reading?If you won’t have it changed, please give my money back.（10）go短语：go abroad 出国go about 四处走走，开始做，着手干go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜访g o against 违反，违背go ahead 说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面go / walk around 四处走走go away 走开，离去go back 回去go beyond 超越go by 走过，经过，（时间）消逝，过去go down 下来，落下，倒下go down on one’s knees 跪下go for 为……去，努力获取，主张，适用于go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行go for a job interview 去面试找工作go for a walk / walks 散步go for sb 对某人也一样go in for 参加，喜欢go into 详细调查go into details 细说go off 走开，离去，（闹钟）闹响go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去go off the air 停止广播（比较：go on the air 开始广播）go on 发生，进行，继续go / be on diet 在节食go on (a) holiday 去度假go on a tour to 去……观光（游览）go on a visit to 去……访问（参观）go on doing sth 继续做某事（同一事）[比较：go on to do sth 继续做某事（另一事）go on with sth 继续某事]go out 熄灭，出去，外出go over 复习，过一遍，仔细检查，审阅go past 从……的旁边过去go up 上升，上涨，增长，攀登go with…与……相配go without 忍受没有……之苦，没有……也行，没有……也能勉强应付go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating 去购物/钓鱼/驾船航行/宿营/滑冰go straight along 沿着……一直往前走go through 通过，经受，浏览，仔细检查go through with 完成go to bed （上床）睡觉go to school / work 上学/上班go to sea 当水手go to sleep 入睡go to town 进城go to a movie 去看电影go to the country(side) 下乡go home / there 回家/去那儿go to see a doctor 去看病，去看医生go bad 变坏go wrong 出毛病，不对头，做错事，误入歧途go Dutch 各付各的帐，平摊费用例如：No one dared to go against the rules.—Do you mind if I open the window? / Do you mind my opening the window?—No, go ahead.I went away /off wondering if I’d said anything wrong.I’m afraid the fish has gone bad.Things will get easier as time goes by.He went by quickly, taking no notice of us.If you really want the job, go for it!Close all the doors and lock them when you go out. The same goes for windows.I go in for all the competitions.After a short pause, Maria went on with her story.Suddenly the candle went out.Once again I went over exactly what I needed to say.Let’s go over what we learned last period.Do you want me to go through this and check your spellings?Unemployment in that country has gone up by a million.It is possible to go without food for a few days.Something’s gone wrong with my watch; I must have it repaired.（11）have短语：have a break 休息一下have a bright future 有一个灿烂的未来have (got) a cold / cough / headache / fever 感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发烧have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈[比较：have a dialogue with sb 与某人对话have a talk with sb (about sth) （就某事）与某人进行交流have a word with sb = would like a word with sb 和某人谈几句，跟某人说句话]have a gift for…对……有天赋（比较：have a reputation for…有……名誉/名声）have a good flight （坐飞机）旅途愉快have a good knowledge of …对……很熟悉，通晓……have a good laugh over…对……笑了个够have a good / great / wonderful time = have (great) fun 玩得（非常）高兴，过得愉快have a / the habit of …= be in a / the habit of…有……的习惯（比较：get into / form the habit of…养成……的习惯get sb into the habit of…使某人养成……的习惯）have a hit 风靡一时have a large population 人口众多have / take a look 看一看have a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会have a nice / pleasant trip / journey 祝旅途愉快have (got ) a pain (in the…) （身体某部位）痛have a part-time job 做兼职工作have a (good) rest 休息have / take a seat 坐下（比较：have / take one’s seat 坐某人的座位）have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食have a swim 游泳have a table tennis match 举行一场乒乓球比赛have a test 进行测验have a try 试一试have / show an appetite for…有……的欲望或爱好have / make an appointment with sb 和某人有预约, 和某人有约定have an effect on / upon…对……有影响，对……产生作用（比较：influence…= affect …对……有影响have no effect / influence on …对……没有影响have a good / bad effect on …对……有好/坏影响have a great / little effect on …对……有很大的影响/影响不大have a strong influence on…对……有很大影响）have / take an exam 参加考试have an eye for 有眼力，有眼光have an income of …有……的收入have access to …使用（接近……的）权利或机会have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭have lessons / classes 上课have mercy on…宽恕……，对……仁慈，对……表示怜悯have no chance of surviving 没有生存的可能性have no choice but to do sth 别无选择，只好做某事have none of …根本不理睬……have on 穿着have sth on sb 某人身上带着某物have / take one’s medicine 服药，吃药have some difficulty / trouble / problems with …在……有困难/麻烦事[比较：have some difficulty / trouble / problems (in ) doing sth 做某事有困难/麻烦]have something / nothing in common (with…) （与……）有共同点／没有共同之处（比较：have much / a lot in common with…与……有许多相同之处have little in common with…与……几乎没有相同之处）have something / nothing to do with …与……有关／无关have to = have got to 不得不，必须例如：Class is over. Let’s have a break.I’ve got a cough.Dad and I had a good laugh over that.They are having a good time.He stopped to have a look.W e are going to have a table tennis match tomorrow afternoon.Are we going to have a meeting this week?Here is a tree. Let me have a rest.Are you going to have a swim？W e’ll have a test tomorrow.Where is Peter? I want to have a word with him.Does she have lunch at home？Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep.He knew about the order, he knew why the soldiers were there, but he would have none of it.W e have four lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.Most of his questions have nothing to do with his lessons.I noticed that he had on bedroom slippers.Please come here and have my seat, Granny.He hasn’t had any medicine.At three fifty in the afternoon we have sports.（12）hold短语：hold a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会hold back 退缩，踌躇，阻挡，控制住hold one’s breath 屏息，不出气hold on 等一等，不要挂电话hold on to 抓住，保住hold out 伸出，坚持下去，维持hold up 阻挡，使停顿，举起，拿起，阻滞hold together 连在一起，团结一致例如：Anger flooded through her. She couldn’t hold it back.—Could I speak to Mr Smith? —Hold on, please.The little boy held out his hands.I think water supplies won’t hold out much longer.Sorry, I’m late. I was held up at work.（13）keep短语：keep away from 避开，别靠近keep back 隐瞒，忍住，阻止……向前，留下keep down 控制keep off 勿踏，勿踩keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物keep on 继续进行keep out 不得入内keep…out 把……挡住，把……留在外面keep out of …不进入……keep up 继续，保持，坚持，使（情绪等）不低落keep up with…= catch up with…跟上，赶上keep a date 赴约keep a healthy diet 保持健康的饮食keep a record / records 保持记录keep an eye on 注视，留心，注意，照顾（比较：keep an eye out for 注视，留心，注意）keep busy doing 忙着做某事keep fit 保持健康keep…in mind = learn…by heart = remember…把……记住keep (on) doing sth 继续不停地做某事[比较：keep sb doing sth 使某人一直/继续做某事keep …from doing 阻止……做，不让……做stop / prevent…(from) doing 妨碍/预防/阻止……做，不让……做]keep one’s appointment 守约（比较：break one’s appointment 违约）keep one’s balance 保持平衡keep one’s word(s) 遵守诺言keep safe 保持安全keep silent over …对……保持沉默keep the same look 保持原貌keep watch 保持警戒，站岗例如：I would have been here sooner, but the rainstorm kept me back.Every week there was a rebellion（造反）somewhere, and the Austrian soldiers were kept busy hurrying from one town to another inorder to put down the rebellions.While Leonov was outside the ship, he kept in touch by telephone with his companion and with the earth.He kept on telling us the same story over and over.Y ou may depend on his doing what he says, for he is a person who always keeps his words.Danger! Keep out!Will this overcoat keep the rain out?It is also bad manners to keep silent when the teacher asks you a question.The rain kept up all night.I see you are getting along well with your English studies. Keep up the good work.The good news keeps our spirits up.He walked so fast that I could hardly keep up with him.Every few hundred meters along the wall there are watch-towers, where soldiers used to keep watch.There is a sign there saying, “Keep off the grass.”（14）knock短语：knock at /on 敲打（门、窗等）knock down 把……撞倒，击倒knock into 撞到，撞上某人，偶然碰见knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人knock over 撞翻，撞倒例如：W e knocked at / on the door but there was no one there.He was in hospital last night after being knocked down by a car.Tom entered the classroom hurriedly and knocked into Mr. White.He almost knocked into me before he realized it.If no one answers the front door, try knocking at the back door.（15）look短语：look at 看着，注视，检查look at oneself in the mirror = admire oneself in the mirror 照镜子look after 照顾，照料，照看look ahead 向前看，展望未来look around / about 四处看看，四下环顾 look back 回首，回忆，回顾过去look back on…回顾……，回忆……look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望，期盼某事物/做某事look for 寻找，找look in 来访，参观look into…往……里面看，浏览，调查，研究look (right) into sb’s eyes 直视着look like…看起来像……（比较：look the same 看起来像）look on 旁观，观望look out = be careful = take care 留神，当心，注意，警惕，提防look out for 警惕，留心，找出来look over…翻阅，（仔细）检查look through 看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习look up 仰视，往上看，（在字典或参考书中）查阅，查寻look up to sb 敬仰，仰望，尊敬（比较：look down on / upon sb 瞧不起，鄙视，轻视）look / be worried 看上去/感到担心例如：The boy is old enough to look after himself.He spent two weeks in Shanghai, looking around / about the city.W e are looking forward to hearing from you soon.Join us. Don’t just look on.They all looked on him as a member of their family.Look out! There is danger ahead.I shall look out that I don’t trust him again.He looked through his notes before writing the report.Look through these photographs and try to pick out the man you see.I must look up the time of your train.A fox came to the tree and looked up at the cock.I’ve always looked up to Bill for his courage and determination.（16）make短语：make into 制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）[比较：be made in 在……生产/制造be made of 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（物理变化）be made from 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（化学变化）be made up of = consist of 由……组成，由……构成]make out 理解，看清楚make up 化妆，打扮，和解，配制，编造，虚构，构成，组成make up for 弥补，补充，补偿made up one’s mind 下决心make a choice 做出选择make a commitment 承诺，保证make a comment / comments (on / upon…) （对……）发表评论make a (great) contribution to…为……做出（巨大）贡献，为……捐款make a decision 做出决定make a (no) difference （没）有关系/影响make a face / faces 扮鬼脸make a fire 生火make a film / blockbuster／follow-ups 拍电影/巨片／续集make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人（比较：make fool of …愚弄）make / leave / create a good impression (on sb) （给某人）留下好印象make a mistake / mistakes 犯错误make (a) noise 制造噪音，发出令人不愉快的声音make a note / notes of…记录，做笔记，记下来make a plan (for…) （为……）制订计划，制订一个（……的）计划make a point of doing sth 认为做某事重要或有必要make a promise 承诺make a record 录制唱片，做记录（比较：record a song 录一首歌set a world record 创造世界记录）make (a) suggestion (on …) 提出（关于……）的建议make a telephone call 打电话make / take a trip / journey to …去某地旅行make conversation 交谈make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵make friends with sb 与某人交朋友make fun of…取笑，嘲笑，和……开玩笑make it（事业上）获得成功make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑，以某人为笑柄make mistake about…犯了……错误make / earn money 挣钱make oneself at home 不拘束，别客气make oneself known 使/让自己出名make one’s way to…往……走去make progress (in …) （在……方面）取得进步make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通make sense of…弄懂……的意思make sth to (one’s own) measure （按自己的尺寸）定做make sure 确保，确认，查明make the adjustment to…适应……make the / one’s bed 整理床铺make (full) use of …= make the most / best of …(充分)利用例如：Bamboo is also made into paper.Our desks and chairs are made of wood.The paper for books and newspapers also is made from wood.This engine is made up of 490 parts.The actor made himself up for the part of an old man.These days many girls make up when they are still quite young.She made up a good lunch from bits and pieces.There isn’t any little girl called Kitty here. He has just made her up.Hard work can often make up for lack of intelligence.Everyone should make full use of time.But wait till you see what we’ll make for you to your own measure.I have made up my mind, and nothing you say will change it.They made fun of my mistakes when I tried to speak English.（17）pass短语：pass away 去世，死（委婉说法）pass by 通过，从旁边经过pass down 传下来，流传，使世代相传，一代一代传下去pass on (to sb) 转交给(某人)，传给(某人)pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来pass out 失去知觉，昏厥pass through 穿过，越过pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上pass the examination 通过考试例如：Dr Johnson passed away last night.They all waved to us as they passed by.The tradition has been passed down from father to son for generations.She said she’d pass the message on to the other students.I nearly passed out when I saw the blood.（18）pay短语：pay attention to …对……注意，留心……pay a visit to sb / a place 访问，拜访（某人），参观（某地）pay back 偿还（借款），报答，报复pay for 付款，付费，付代价（比较：pay a high price for …付高价）pay off 还清（欠款）pay sb a visit 拜访某人pay the bill 买单，付帐单例如：He promised to pay the money back by Friday.The old in our city don’t need to pay for transport.After ten years of hard work he paid off all his debts at last.（19）pick短语：pick out 挑选，认出pick up 拾起，接收，学会（语言），开车去接，康复，购买（便宜商品）例如：His story was picked out as the best by the judges.The phone rang and I picked it up.I’ll pick you up at the station.I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.After a short break they picked up the topic they talked about earlier.I picked up the unusual stamp by accident.I picked up a few words of Greek when I was there last year.（20）put短语：put away 将某物收拾起来，存钱，储存，存起来put down 扑灭，平息，镇压，记下put forward 提出，建议，推荐put off 延期，拖延put on （戏）上演，放（唱片），穿戴put on a performance 演出put out 扑灭，熄灭，使……停止燃烧，伸出，出版，生产put up 挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，建立put up with 忍受，容忍put into 使进入，输入，投入put／translate…into 把……译成put one’s heart into…全神贯注于……put sb in / into prison 把某人关进监狱put …to use 使用……，运用……put a date to sth 注明日期（比较：set / fix the date 确定日期to date 到目前为止）put an end to …结束……put …together 把……放在一起例如：W e put away the tools before we leave the workshop.All the medical workers in the region helped to put down the influenza epidemic（流感）. Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.W e are putting the play on again next week owing to its success.The firemen soon put the fire out.The doctor told me to put out my tongue.It’s time that we put up the Christmas decorations（装饰物）in the living room.Drop your weapons and put your hands up.Another supermarket has been put up near our house.I can’t put up with a lot of noisy people whe n I am working.The government is putting more money into education this year.As students, we should put our heart into studies.（21）send短语：send away 让走开send for sb 派人去请某人，请某人来send in 寄送某处进行处理send out 派遣，发出（信号、通知等）send up 发射，射出，往上送send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉send signals by …通过……发送信号例如：Get back into bed. I’ll send for the doctor.The ship is in danger; it is sending out an SOS signal.The rocket will be sent up tomorrow morning.（22）set短语：set about (doing) sth 着手，开始set aside 留出，搁/放在一边set down 放下，记下set off 出发，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起set out (for…) 出发往（……），动身去（……）set out to do 开始做，着手做set up 创立，设立，开办，竖起，支起set /give a (good) example to…为……树立（好）榜样set a goal 设定目标set fire to sth = set sth on fire 纵火，放火烧set foot on / in…踏上……，到达，进入set one’s mind to do sth 一心想做set sail for 起航去……set sail from 从……起航set sb a good example in …在……为某人树立榜样set sb free 释放某人，解放某人例如：As soon as she arrived, she set about tidying up（整理）the room.Try to set aside some time each day for exercise.They’ve set off on a trip round the world.Together the four men set out to look for the lost animal.He set out to write a history of civilization（文明）.W e’ll certainly set up a complete modern industrial system.A few scarecrows（稻草人）were set up in the field.Let’s set up the tent first, and build the fire later.The police are trying to find out who set fire to the building last night.He was set free after three years in prison.Comrade Lei Feng set a good example to us all.（23）stand短语：stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人stand for 代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/拥护，为……的候选人stand out 突出，显眼stand up 起立，站起来stand still = stay still 站着不动例如：CPC stands for the Communist Party of China.Stand still, and let me take a picture of you.（24）take短语：take after 与某人相像take along 带领，携带take …apart = separate …把……分开take away 拿走，拿去，使离开take away from…从……带／拿走take back 退回，拿回，收回take down 拿下，记下，记录take for…当作……，误以为是……take in 吸收，接纳，上当take off （飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，开始流行/畅销take on 呈现take out 拿出，取出take over 继承，接管，接替take up 从事，开始，专注于，占去（时间、空间、地位等）take a bank loan 向银行贷款take a bath 洗澡take a chance / chances 碰运气，冒险take a critical attitude towards…对……持批判态度take a few deep breaths 深呼吸take / have a degree in …取得……学位take a hands-on approach to education 通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育take a message (to sb) （给某人）捎个口信比较：leave a message (to sb) （给某人）留个口信take a photo (of …) （给……）照相，拍（……）照片take a risk / risks 冒险take a shower 沐浴，洗澡take a sip 呡一小口take a taxi to... = go to ...by taxi 乘出租车take a walk / ride / holiday 散步／兜风／休假take (an) interest in …对……感兴趣（比较：be into = be interested in 对……感兴趣have / show interest in 对……感兴趣）take advantage of 对……加以利用take …by surprise 对……突然袭击，出乎……意料take care 小心, 注意take care of 照顾，照看take effect 生效，奏效take exercise 运动，活动take …for example 以……为例take / get / catch hold of 握住，抓住take it easy 放心好了，别着急，从容，不紧张take ... into consideration 顾及，考虑到，体谅（比较：under consideration 在考虑中，在研究中）take lessons 上课take notes 做笔记，做记录take notice of 注意take one’s seat 就座，坐在自己位子上（转义为就职）take one’s time 从容，不急，慢慢行动[比较：take time 花费（时间）]take part 参加（比较：take part in…= join in…= participate in…参加……take an active part in…积极参加……）take place 发生，出现，举行[比较：take the place of …= take sb’s place 取代，代替（某人的位置）]take pride in …= be proud of…对……感到自豪take responsibility for …= be responsible for …对……负起责任take sb in the arms 拥抱，搂抱take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虏某人（比较：sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 某人被囚禁/俘虏）take sb seriously 看重某人take sb some time to do sth 花费某人……时间去做某事take sb’s temperature 给某人量体温 take sth along with sb 随身携带某物。

动词及物动词Vt 直接跟宾语I love you.不及物动词Vi 不跟宾语I live in Beijing.系动词link 跟表语Her face becomes red.助动词aux.v 跟动词原形或分词Would you please tell me something about it? 情态动词mod.v 跟动词原形We must compete for survival.一、接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的24个常用动词afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事ask to do sth. 要求做某事beg to do sth. 请求做某事care to do sth. 想要做某事choose to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事determine to do sth. 决心做某事expect to do sth. 期待做某事fear to do sth. 害怕做某事help to do sth. 帮助做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 学习做某事manage to do sth. 设法做某事offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某事prepare to do sth. 准备做某事pretend to do sth. 假装做某事promise to do sth. 答应做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词：aim to do sth. 打算做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事long to do sth. 渴望做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事struggle to do sth. 努力做某事二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事get sb. to do sth. 使（要）某人做某事hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事要表示以上意思，可换用其他表达：汉语的“原谅某人做某事”，英语可说成excuse [forgive] sb. for doing sth.。

高中英语语法总结：动词和动词短语英语动词根据其意义和句法作用，可分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词四大类。

实义动词又称行为动词，为表示动作或状态的动词，可以单独充当句子的谓语，实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词两类。

英语中的动词短语通常由动词加介词、副词、名词等构成，在句中起动词的作用。

高考设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语词意的辨析及其理解和运用能力。

考向一　常用动词辨析1.advise，persuade，suggestadvise用作及物动词，表示＂劝告，忠告，建议＂，强调提醒或引起注意；persuade表示＂说服＂，强调劝说成功，主要搭配是：persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事（相当于persuade sb. into doing sth.）；如表示劝说但不一定成功，则使用try to persuade sb.to do sth.或advise sb.to do sth.。

suggest用作及物动词，意为＂建议＂，后接名词、代词、动名词或从句，从句中的谓语用＂should＋动词原形＂，should可以省略。

2．bring，take，carry，fetchbring＂带来，拿来，取来＂，强调从别处带人或物到说话人所在地。

take＂拿走，带走＂，强调把人或物从说话者身边带走，方向与bring相反。

fetch＂去拿来，去取来＂，强调从甲地出发到乙地取物或人后，又回到甲地，相当于go and bring。

carry＂携带，搬运，运送＂，强调用人力或车辆把人或物从一地运到另一地。

3．win，beat，defeatwin表示＂赢得，战胜＂时，宾语多是比赛项目等。

win sb.则指＂赢得人心＂。

beat/defeat意为＂打败，击败＂，其宾语只能是人或由人组成的机构。

如：beat sb.打败某人；defeat their team/ the country/the enemy击败了他们的队/国家/敌人。

词组专题Part one: 动词短语基本要点：动词常与介词和副词、形容词、名词搭配在一起，构成短语动词。

最常见的有以下几类：I、动词+介词（at, for, after, on, to, with, of, from, in, into, through, about等）构成的词组,相当于一个及物动词,其宾语只能接在介词之后。

They finally agreed on the plan. This job calls for skills and patience.The bank was broken into last night. We’ll think about it.II、动词+副词(up, off, out, away, on, in, over, down, about,round/around等)构成的词组1. 一部分为不及物动词短语，不能直接加宾语，也无被动。

如：break out, come about, come out2．一部分为及物的动词短语, 其宾语如果是名词，可前可后；若是代词，则只能放在当中。

You can call your teacher up=You can call up your teacher You can call him up.We’ll think it over.III. 动词+副词+介词: 相当于及物动词We must make up for the lost time. 我们必须弥补失去的时间。

Do I have to do away with my habit? 我是不是得除掉我的习惯？IV. 动词+名词/ (反身)代词+介词: 相当于一及物动词He never helps me without trying to take advantage of me. ( 利用) In school, I often take charge of various activities. （负责/ 管理）一、常见介词、副词与常用动词构成的短语动词1. V+about(介词：关于)：皆为及物短语动词ask / inquire about: 询问…的情况care about: 在乎;/介意;关注quarrel about/over为…争论/争吵argue about/over为…争论/ /辩论d ebate about /on为/关于…辩论discuss about讨论，议论worry about：担心concern about:关心，挂念know/learn about:了解read about:读知, 阅后得知talk about:谈论hear about:听说（=hear of）complain about（抱怨/投诉）bring about带来，造成think about:考虑speak about:谈到，谈论(=speak of) s et about doing sth着手做某事do sth about...想办法/采取措施解决...V+about(副词:到处/四周)：皆为不及物短语动词walk/go about:四处走动move abou t:四处走,经常搬家wander about:漫步/徘徊h ang about :闲荡c ome about : 发生look about/around:环顾;(商店中)四处看2. V+across（介词或副词）come across...:偶遇(=come upon) run across...:偶然发现/碰到cut across: 抄近路穿过/横越; 影响put /get(…) across to sb: 解释/传达，使某人明白…It took me an hour to get my intention across to her.3. V+after(介词)be after:寻求,寻找，追求go/run/chase after:追赶/逐look after:照顾take after: 长得像;学某人的样ask after:探问/询问name... after...:以…名字命名...4. V+alongcome along跟着一起来Will you come along with me? 进展/进步She is coming along nicely after the operation.bring/take。

高考英语动词分类一、实义动词1.英语的实义动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词两大类：后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的叫及物动词；本身意义完整，后面不需跟宾语的叫不及物动词。

2.有些动词通常只作不及物动词。

如： go,come,happen,lie,listen, rise,arrive,hall 等。

有些动词通常用作及物动词。

如：say,raise,lay,find,buy 等。

3.大多数动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。

如：study,sing,speak 等。

例如： Who is going to speak at the meeting?谁打算在会上发言? (speak 作不及物动词)Few people outside China speak Chinese.在中国以外很少人讲汉语。

(speak 作及物动词)4.有些动词作及物动词与作不及物动词时的意义有所不同。

如：know,wash 等。

例如：It s your turn to wash dishes.轮到你洗碗了。

I had to wash and dress in a hurry.我得赶紧洗漱穿衣。

5.有些动词常和介词、副词或其它词类一起构成固定词组，形成短语动词。

如：listen,reply,wait,look 等。

二、连系动词连系动词用来连接主语和表语，连系动词后面常为形容词。

1.表示“是”的动词be。

这个词在不同的主语后面和不同的时态中有不同的形式， is,am,are,was,were,have /has been等要特别予以注意。

例如： He is a teacher.他是个教师。

We are Chinese.我们是中国人。

2.表示“感觉”的词，如look(看起来), feel(觉得，摸起来),smel1 (闻起来), sound (听起来), taste(尝起来)等。

例如： She looked tired.她看一去很疲劳。

I feel ill.我觉得不舒服。

专题四动词和动词短语动词，就是用来形容或表示各类动作的词汇。

一、动词的分类1. 根据其在句中的功能分为：①实义动词：有实际意思的词，可以完整的作谓语。

②连系动词：无动词意义，连接主语和表语。

（与实义动词相对的）③情态动词：表示情绪和态度的，可以理解成帮助增加感情色彩的词类（详解见专题07）。

④助动词：帮助构成疑问、否定等情况的词类。

本身没实际意义。

2. 根据其后能否直接跟宾语分为及物动词和不及物动词。

3. 根据其能否在句中独立作谓语分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。

动词的分类及其特点意义须跟宾语一起才能表达完整的意思I have a book..She always comes lat e.跟动词原形（有自己的词汇意思）不能独立做谓语。

表示说话人语气、情态，无人称和数的变化二、及物动词和不及物动词1. 及物动词(vt.)：后面需要接宾语（该动作的受者），才能表达完整的意思。

如like，want。

I like him. 我喜欢。

如果like没有【受者】，句子就不完整。

He wants some money. 他想要一些钱。

如果want没有【受着】，句子就不完整。

2. 不及物动词(vi.)：这些动词自身词义完整，比如swim，sleep。

后面没有宾语（受者），就可以表达完整的意思。

I swim. 我游泳。

swim 没有【受者】He sleeps. 他睡觉。

sleep 没有【受者】3. 及物动词和非及物动词的使用方法（1）有些动词，只具备及物动词词性。

这意味着，句子中若没有【受者】，句子就是错误的。

错误的句子：I like.正确的句子：I like it. 及物动词后一定要出现【受者】（2）有些动词，只具备不及物动词词性。

这意味着，句子中若出现了【受者】，句子就是错误的。

错误的句子：I wait you.正确的句子：I wait.（3）有些动词，既具备不及物动词词性，又具备及物动词词性，两种词性下，词义相同，如：I am reading now. "read" 没有【受者】，是不及物动词，词义为"阅读"。

高中英语知识点归纳动词性短语的用法动词性短语是英语中常见的一种语法结构，具有动词的特点，可以在句子中充当谓语或者补语。

掌握并正确使用动词性短语对于高中英语学习非常重要。

本文将对常见的动词性短语进行归纳总结，并介绍其用法。

一、不带宾语的动词性短语1. 不及物动词：表示某种状态或者行为的动词，不需要接受宾语。

例如：- go out（外出）- sit down（坐下）- stand up（站起）- arrive at（到达）- come in（进来）- leave (离开）这类动词性短语常用于表达人物位置移动的行为或者行为的状态转移。

2. 系动词 + 表语：表示主语的状态、特征或者性质。

例如：- be sure（确信）- feel happy（感到快乐）- look beautiful（看起来漂亮）- sound amazing（听起来令人惊叹）- taste delicious（尝起来美味）这类动词性短语常用于描述主语的特征或感受。

3. 助动词 + 不定式：表示情态、意愿、可能性等。

例如：- can swim（会游泳）- may go（可能去）- must study（必须学习）- should try（应该尝试）- would like（想要）这类动词性短语常用于表达情态、意愿或建议。

二、带宾语的动词性短语1. 及物动词 + 宾语：表示某种动作或者行为作用于宾语。

例如：- take a walk（散步）- give a speech（做演讲）- have a shower（洗澡）- make a decision（做决定）- hold a meeting（召开会议）这类动词性短语常用于叙述某种具体的动作或行为。

2. 及物动词 + 双宾语：表示某种动作或者行为同时作用于两个宾语。

例如：- buy sb. sth.（为某人买某物）- pass sb. sth.（给某人递交某物）- tell sb. sth.（告诉某人某事）- show sb. sth.（展示某物给某人）- send sb. sth.（寄送某物给某人）这类动词性短语常用于表示转移物品或者传递信息。

高中常用英语动词短语高中常用英语动词短语在高中英语学习中有着很多的动词短语，那么，你们知道有哪些呢?下面大家就一起去了解一下吧!1.动词+aboutspeak/talk about谈论think about思考care about关心,对...有兴趣bring about引起,使发生set about 着手,开始come about发生hear about听说worry about为...担心2.动词+awaythrow away 扔掉blow away吹走carry away拿走,使入迷clear away清除掉,消散die away逐渐消失pass away 去世wash away冲走take away拿走put away收拾起来,存起来give away背弃,泄露wear away磨掉,消耗break away摆脱send away让走开turn away把...打发走3.动词+backkeep back隐瞒,忍住hold back控制住call back回电话look back回顾give back归还take back拿回,收回4.动词+forrun for竞选ask for要求得到wait for等候long for渴望care for关心,喜欢search for查找call for要求,需要change for用...换apply for申请seek for寻找stand for代表,表示hope/wish for希望得到beg for乞求look for寻找hunt for寻找charge for收费,要价take for误以为...是come for来拿,来取5.动词+downburn down 烧毁take down记下,记录cut down削减,砍倒pass down 传下来calm down平静下来settle down 安家tear down 拆毁,拆除break down坏了,垮了,分解turn down调小,拒绝slow down慢下来put down记下,写下,镇压bring down使...降低,使倒下come down下落,传下6.动词+atcome at 向...袭击run at冲向,向...攻击tear at用力撕stare at凝视glance at匆匆一瞥knock at敲门,窗等smile at冲某人笑aim at向...瞄准wonder at惊讶shout at冲某人嚷嚷work at干...活动研究look at看,注视glare at怒视laugh at嘲笑point at指向strike at向...打击shoot at向...射击call at拜访地点7.动词+fromdiffer from与...不同suffer from受...苦hear from收到...来信die from因...而死keep/stop/prevent from不让...做learn from向...学习date from始于...时候result from由于separate from把...分离开8.动词+ofthink of想到consist of由...组成approve of赞成talk of谈到complain of抱怨dream of梦到speak of 读到die of死于hear of听说become of发生...情况,怎么啦9.动词+offstart off出发set off出发leave off''中断show off炫耀get off下车see off送行put off延期,推迟cut off切断,断绝keep off避开,勿走近knock off把...撞落pay off还清get off脱下衣服等trun/switch off关掉take off脱下,起飞ring off挂断电话come off脱掉,褪色fall off跌落,掉下go off走开,消失,坏了break off打断carry off携走,带走give off散发出10.动词+ondepend on依靠insist on坚持keep/go on继续put on穿上,戴上,上演move on 继续移动,往前走feed on以...为生take on 雇佣,呈现have on穿着look on 旁观rely on依靠carry on继续,进行spend on在...花钱call on拜访live on以...为生bring on使...发展try on试穿pass on传授,传递turn/switch on打开【高中常用英语动词短语】。

高中英语语法系统讲解之五动词和动词短语动词一. 动词的分类方法1. 根据词汇意义可将动词分为以下两类：○1状态动词：be，love，think，stay，remain，stand，sit，lie等○2动作动词：work，stay，sleep，arrive，finish，lend，open等温馨提示：动作动词又可分为延续性动词（动作可以持续一段时间）与非延续性动词（表示短暂的动作，不能持续）。

2. 根据动词的语法功能，动词的分类情况如下：温馨提示：其中行为动词可根据其后是否带宾语，将其分成及物动词与不及物动词两类。

有时同一动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。

二. 动词的语法功能及基本用法动词在句中起两种作用，即：作谓语和非谓语。

动词作谓语，必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致，具有表示时态、语态、语气等方面的语法特征。

She sings very well. She wants to learn English well.Seeing is believing. We’re thinking of making a new plan for the next term.三. 连系动词的用法1. 状态系动词只有be一词。

如He is a teacher.2. 持续系动词继续保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep，rest，remain，stay，lie，stand。

如He always kept silent at meeting. This matter rests a mystery.3. 表像系动词“看起来像”，主要有seem，appear，look。

如He looks very tired. He seems (to be) very sad.4. 感官系动词feel，smell，sound，taste。

如This kind of cloth feels very soft. This flower smells very sweet.5. 变化系动词become，grow，turn，fall，get，go，come，run。

高中英语必会语法：动词的分类高中英语必会语法：动词的分类一. 动词概说1. 动词(verb)是表示动作或状态的词。

1)表示动作：swim游泳;push推2)表示状态：have有;be是2. 英语动词有时态、语态、语气等形式上的变化。

二. 动词的分类1. 谓语动词和非谓语动词从是否能充当句子中的谓语来看，动词有谓语动词和非谓语动词两大类。

1) 谓语动词有人称和数的变化。

如：He is a tractor driver.他是一个拖拉机手。

Facts are more eloquent than words.事实胜于雄辩。

We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。

An apple falls by the force of gravitation.地心吸力使苹果落地。

2) 非谓语动词非谓语动词有动词不定式、动名词和分词三种，在句子里都不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。

如：I am pleased to meet you.我很高兴与你相识。

(动词不定式)Smoking is harmful to the health.吸烟对身体有害。

(动名词)I heard them singing the Internationale。

我听见他们唱《国际歌》。

(现在分词)Spoken words are often more powerful than writing.语言往往比文字更有力。

(过去分词)2. 实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词从其含义来分，动词有实义动词(notional verb)，连系动词(link verb)，情态动词(modal verb)和助动词(auxiliary verb)四类。

1) 实义动词实义动词有完全的词义，并能独立作谓语动词。

如：The sun shone brightly this morning.今天早晨阳光灿烂。

He likes to go for a long walk on sundays.他喜欢星期日出去作长距离散步。

高中英语语法：动词一、动词的分类从其含义来分，动词可分为行为动词(notional verb)、连系动词(link verb)、情态动词(modal verb)和助动词(auxiliary verb)四类:1、及物动词及物动词可以有宾语，可以由被动语态，如make, build, open等。

Watch him and then try to copy what he does．注意观看他，然后试着照他做的去做。

I don't know the restaurant, but it's said to be quite a good one. 我不了解那家饭店，但据说是一家很好的饭店。

2、不及物动词She ran faster than him.她比他跑得快。

She spoke for one hour but didn't say much. “她讲了一小时，但并没说出多少（事）。

3、动作动词（1）活动动词这类动词表示各种活动，可用于进行时态，如：do, play, ask, drink, rain等。

The children were playing with a ball. 孩子们在玩球。

（2）过程动词这类动词表示情况的改变，可用于进行时态，如turn, become, grow, change 等。

Nothing will change him, and he will always be the same.什么也改变不了他,他始终是那个样子。

注意：非延续性动词不能同表示一段时间的状语连用。

He has joined the club for a long time.(误)He has been a member of the club for a long time.他加入俱乐部很长时间了。

（正）4、状态动词状态动词表示非活动性的静止状态，不用于进行时态。

但这些动词如果转义成为动态动词时可以用进行时态。

高中英语高考常见动词短语归纳总结
1. take care of：照顾，处理
2. make up：编造，组成，弥补
3. give up：放弃
4. set off：出发，引爆，开始
5. get along with：与…相处
6. put off：推迟
7. turn up：出现，露面，调大
8. bring up：养育，抚养，提出
9. look after：照顾，照料
10. work out：解决，算出，制定
11. figure out：弄清，理解
13. take off：起飞，脱掉，成功开始
14. get over：克服，恢复
15. hang out：闲逛，出去玩
16. look forward to：期待
17. go on：继续，发生
18. turn on：打开，接通
19. bring about：引起，导致
20. pay attention to：注意
21. give back：归还，还回
22. make sure：确保
23. look up：查找，仰望
24. find out：查明，发现
26. break down：故障，崩溃
27. go by：经过，度过
28. set up：建立，设立
29. give in：屈服，让步
30. take out：取出。

英语短语分类详解学习英语短语对于英语学习者来说非常重要。

短语是构成英语句子的基本单位，正确理解和使用短语可以帮助我们更好地进行英语交流和阅读。

下面我们将从几个方面对英语短语进行分类详解。

名词短语：由名词、名词修饰语和限定语构成，如“a beautiful flower”、“the book on the table”。

动词短语：由动词、动词修饰语和宾语构成，如“eat an apple”、“write a letter”。

形容词短语：由形容词、形容词修饰语和被修饰的名词构成，如“very hot weather”、“good students”。

副词短语：由副词、副词修饰语和被修饰的动词构成，如“quickly run”、“very much like”。

名词性短语：具有名词的语法功能，可以充当主语、宾语、表语等。

如“The sun rises in the east.”中的“the sun”。

动词性短语：具有动词的语法功能，可以充当谓语。

如“She is walking on the street.”中的“is walking”。

形容词性短语：具有形容词的语法功能，可以充当表语或定语。

如“She is very beautiful.”中的“very beautiful”。

副词性短语：具有副词的语法功能，可以充当状语或表语。

如“She is very happily singing.”中的“very happily”。

并列短语：由两个或两个以上的并列项构成，各项之间没有明显的语义关系，如“apple and banana”、“dog and cat”。

从属短语：从属短语由主语和谓语构成，谓语是对主语的说明或描述，如“The book is written by John.”中的“is written”。

在高中英语学习中，动词短语占据了非常重要的地位。

它们是构建句子、表达思想、传达信息的关键部分。

高中英语动词短语分类一与介词搭配1.动词+介词account for 说明;证明act/serve/work as 担任;充当act for 代理act on 奉行/影响/裁决/作用于…add to 增加;扩大agree on 对…取得一致意见agree to 答应/接受…agree with 与…一致;同意/适应于…aim at 瞄准/想要…aim for 以…为目的allow of 有…的可能answer for 担保/清算…;对…负责arrive at/in 到达ask for 请求要/访问…attend on/upon 伺候attend to 参加/照料/注意/处理…begin/start as 起初是…begin on 着手进行…begin with 从/以…开始believe in 信任/信赖/信仰belong in/on/under 在…中/上面/下面有适当位置belong to 属于…break/burst into 闯入;突发break through 冲破call at 短暂访问/停靠(某地)call for 要求/需要…call on 看望;号召(某人)care about 对…关心/感兴趣care for 对…关心/喜欢/尊重/想要;照料catch at 去接/抓…change for 转车去…处;与(某物)交换change/turn into 变成(=become)come across 走过…来;偶然碰到/找到come at 达到/了解/攻击…come from 来自/出身于…come into 进入;开始;得到;继承come to (oneself) 苏醒(=come back to life) come upon 偶然碰到/攻袭/发生/出现于concern about 关心…connect with 连系/衔接…consist of 由…组成count on 信赖/指望…date from 始于…deal in 经营/从事…deal with 涉及/处理/应付…;与…打交道/做生意depend on 依赖/依靠…die for 为…而死;渴望die from/of 死于…dive for 冲向…dive into 潜入(水中)declare against/for 声明反对/赞成…do for 适用于/替代/毁掉…do with 容忍/需要…;与…相处dream of 梦到/向往/策划…drop by 便中访问…engage in 从事/参加……feed on 以…为(主)食/维持生活feel like 如同/想要…finish with 完成;与…绝交fit into适合于…fly at 扑向…fly into 突然爆发fool with 胡弄;玩弄gasp at 因…倒抽一口冷气get into 进入get off 从(车、船等)下来get on 上(车、船等)glare at 怒目注视go over 复习/过一遍…go through 通过hear from 收到…的信hear of/about 听说;因…受责备insist on 坚持要/坚决主张…join in 加入/一起(做…事)jump at/on 跃/扑向…;欣然接受…;匆匆作出(结论) jump into 跳入/踊跃投入…keep to 不离开/坚守/遵行…knock about 漫游…knock at/on 敲(门、窗等)knock against 偶然遇到(某人)knock into 撞到…上laugh at 嘲笑…;因…而笑lay for 埋伏等待…lay into 猛攻/痛击…lead to/into 通向/导致…learn about/of 获悉/听说…learn from 向…学习;从…中吸取教训leave for 动身去…处lie in 在于…listen for 注意想要听到…listen to 听/倾听…live by 靠…过活;住在…附近live on 以…为主食;靠…生活long for 渴望…look at 看…look for 寻找…look into 朝…里看;浏览/查阅/调查/顺便进入访看…look like 看起来像…look through 通看/复看/浏览/查看…look to 注意/照顾/依靠/朝向…make at 扑向/攻击…make for 走向/扑向/导致…manage with 驾驭…;用…来对付过去manage without 没…而能对付过去meet with (偶尔)遇到;符合operate on 给…作手术pay for 为…付款/受罚play with 以…玩耍/消遣;和…开玩笑point to/at 指向/指着…prepare for 为…作准备quarrel about (sth.) with (sb.) 为(某事)而与(某人)争吵refer to 指/谈到/参阅…rely on 依靠…result from 由…引起result in 终至…的结果run across 穿过/偶然发现…run after 追捕/追随/伺候…run at 向…冲去/突袭run for 匆忙来/去拿…;竞选(公职)run into 跑进…;与…相撞/相连接;延续到/共计达…run to 跑向/求助于…;共达/值…;有(做…的)能力;有产生…的倾向rush at 冲向/猛攻/匆忙处理…search for 搜寻see about 照料/探寻/考虑…see after 照顾/照看…see to 照料/修理/注意…seek after/to 寻求set about 着手/开始/攻击/散布send for 派人请…share in 分享shoot at 朝…射击shout at 冲…吼叫/叫嚷shout to 朝…喊sit for 参加(考试);代表…当议员stand by 与…站在一起stand for 代表…stare at 盯着看…step on 踩在…上;用力踩…(加油门)stick to 粘住/坚持…struggle against 与…斗争struggle for 为…而斗争succeed in 在…获得成功suffer from 受…之苦;患…(病)speak about/of 谈及speak against/for 发言反对/为…辩护talk about/of 谈到…talk with/to 与…交谈think about 考虑/想起/回想…think of 考虑/想起/记得/想出/认为/设想/想要turn against 背叛…turn towards 朝向/倾向于…twist around 缠绕/摆布…urge against 极为反对…wait for 等待wait on 伺候win over 战胜/说服…wish for 想得到/渴望…work at 从事/致力于/学习…work on 从事/忙于/影响/安装好…work to 根据…行事work towards 设法达到/获得…worry about 为…担心write to 给…写信2.动词+介词+名词arrive at(come to) a conclusion 得出结论come into being/existence 出现/成立/产生come into effect/force 生效come into operation 开始运行/生效come into use/service 开始被使用come into office/power 上任,执政come into leaf 开始长叶come into one's own 得到重视;被人认识come into play 行动起来come to an end 结束come to the point 说到要点come to school 到校come to a stop 停了下来go on strike 举行罢工go to bed 去睡觉go to the cinema 去电影院/去看电影go to college 去上dxuego to the concert 去听音乐会go to the meeting 去开会get in sb.'s way 挡了某人的去路3.动词+介词+名词+介词+…get in touch/contact with 与…取得联系get out of touch/contact with 与…脱离联系keep in touch/contact with 与…保持联系look on/upon A as B 把A看作Bthink of A as B 把A看作Bput to use of 使用/利用…4.动词+…+介词+…add A to B 把A加入B中ask sb. for sth. 向某人请求要某物base A on B 把A基于B之上bring…into pravtice/operation 执行…bring…into effect 使…生效change A into… 把A变成…compare A with B 把A与B比较compare A to B 把A比作Bconnect A with B 把A与B联系起来devote A to B 把A贡献于Bdivide A into B 把A分成B份fill A with B 用B装满A(容器)help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事join sb. in (ding) sth. 与某人一道做某事keep A out of B 不让A进入B处keep…under control 控制住…keep…in mind 把…记在心里know…by heart 记忆lead A to B 把A带到B处lead sb. in doing sth. 带领某人作某事learn…by heart 记/背诵…leave A for B 离开A处动身去B处leave sth. to/with/for sb. 把某事物留给某人make oneself at home 不拘束make A of/from B 用B制成Amake A into B 把A制成Bprevent/stop A (from) doing sth. 阻止A做某事(=keep A from doing sth.)put A into B 把A输入Bregard A as B 把A看作Bseparate A from B 把A从B处分开take A as B 把A当作Btake A for B 把A错当作Btake sth. for granted 把某事看作理所当然translate A into B 把A(作品)译成B(语言)5.动词+名(代)词+介词+…catch/get/take hold of 抓住…catch sight of 看到…devote oneself to 献身于/致力于…enter (sb.) for (替某人)报名参加…fix one's eyes on/upon 注视/盯着…give a lesson to 给…上课give one's life for 为…牺牲give (up) oneself/one's life for 为…献身;致力于/沉溺于…have nothing to do with 与…无关have trouble/difficulty (in) (doing sth.) (做某事)费力/有困难have a word with 与…谈谈have a few words with 与…说几句话have words with 与…吵嘴/发生口角have oneself to 随便用/吃…keep pace with 跟上…make the best of 充分利用…make friends with 与…交朋友make fun of 取笑…make room for 为…腾出地方make a sentence with 用…造句make use of 利用/借用…pay attention to 注意…put one's heart into 全神贯注于…say hello/goodbye/sorry/yes/no to 向…问候/道别/道歉/答应、赞同/拒绝、反对set fire to 点燃/放火烧…shake hands with 与…握手show sb. around 带某人参观…take care of 负责;照顾/照料;揍、杀take a message for 给…捎个信儿take (an active) part in (积极)参加…take the place of 替代/接替…take pride in 以…自豪/骄傲(=be proud of)take the side of 支持…的一方二与副词搭配(注:带*号者表示可作"动词+介词"结构用,后接宾语。

高中英语动词短语〔以动词为中心〕1.以believe中心的believein确信，信任，信仰，主believeone ’sears相信所听到的makebelieve假装2.以blow中心的blowabout吹散blowaway吹走blowoff吹掉，吹散，吹blowout吹，走气blowup爆炸，放大〔照片〕，脾气某人以沉重打3.以break中心的breakawayfrom脱离，逃离，打破breakdownvt.破坏,粉碎,瓦解vi.出故障抛,衰弱breakin，打断；使服breakinto入；行入；突然开始breakout爆，生；准使用；起breakthelaw反法律breaktherecord破breakone’spromise失言breakoff打断，断，折断，突然止breakopen破开，撬开breakshort中断，折断breakthrough突破，克服，去breakupvt.开，破碎；解散，分解vi.束4.以build中心的build⋯into把⋯建成，把⋯装入buildon/upon建立在⋯上，依，指望buildup增加，增，建成，振buildupto增加5.以burst中心的burstforth爆，出，突然出burstin，突然出burstinto，突然⋯起来，突然出burstintotears/laughter大哭/放声大笑burstout迸，爆，突然出，大声叫喊burstoutcrying/laughing 大哭/放声大笑6.以bring中心的bringabout致，引起，促使bringback回，使回，使恢复bringdown使下降，，收，落bringforth开〔花〕,〔果〕，表，宣布，提出bringforward提出bringin把..来，引，得〔收入〕bringintoaction 使行起来，使生效bringintoeffect/practice完成，，施，行bringintooperation使运，将⋯投入生bringinto(full)play ，，利用⋯接触，触摸bringoff完成，救出，使成功，搬走bringon致，引起，使展，提出〔点〕bringout拿出，公布，表，出版，生bringthrough治愈，使度困/危期bringtolight出，公布，暴露bringtomind使想起，回起bringup养，养育，培养，使停止7.以call中心的callat〔某地〕，停泊在callaway叫走，把〔注意力〕移开callfor需要，要求，接〔某人〕，迎，取callin召集，收集，入，引入calloff取消，下令停止callon拜〔某人〕，号召callout大声喊，起calltomind使想起，回起callup打⋯，召集，使想起payacallatsp.〔某地payacallonsb.拜〔某人〕8.以carry中心的carryabout随身携carryaway冲走，走，冲昏某人carryback拿回，运回，使想起carry⋯intoeffect/practice行,行,,完成carryoff走走，去⋯的生命，得〔品〕carryon 持，，行carryout，行，施，完成carrythrough持到底，行到底，，完成9.以catch中心的becaughtdoing被做某事becaughtintherain淋雨catch/takefire着火becaughtinthetraffic 遭遇交通阻塞catchabus/train赶汽/火catch〔a〕cold，感冒catchon挂住，明白，理解，受迎catchone’sword听懂某人的catchout，抓住某人的catchsightof，瞥catchsb’sattention引起某人注意catchthepointof抓住⋯的要点cometoanunderstanding取得解catchupwith赶上，追及，追上whenitcomesto⋯就⋯而，到10.以check中心的cometoknow/realize/understand开始了解到/意到/明白checkin到，登，投宿旅cometolife醒，栩栩如生checkoff，清点cometolight明朗化，出，露出来checkon，cometooneself醒checkout明，，付款而离开旅cometrue，成；checkup核，，comeup走近；上楼；流行起来，芽,上来，〔〕被checkwith商，符合，核无提出，〔浪〕猛烈起来11.以clear中心的comeupon〔偶然〕遇，突然生clearaway除，消除13.以compare中心的clearoff去除，清理，〔云〕消散，〔雨〕停becomparedto被比作，与⋯相比clearout去除，出becomparedwith与⋯相比clearthrough通〔，批准〕beyond/withoutcompare无可比的,无法比的clearup〔天〕晴，打，消除comparenoteswith和⋯交意/商量/核笔makeitclearthat使⋯人明白compare⋯to⋯把..比作，把⋯与⋯相比12.以come中心的compare⋯with⋯把⋯与⋯相比comeaboutvi.生，改方向14.以cross中心的comeacross偶，想起；越；付crossout/off消除，去，除去comealong一道来，陪伴；步，展；出crossone’sfingers交叉手指〔表祝福〕comeat到达，求得，得到；扑向，crossone’smind想起comeback回来；恢复，复原crossover横，穿，交叉comedown倒下；降落；跌落；病倒与某人作，在⋯中阻碍某人comefrom来自，起源于，从~~生，生于15.以cut中心的comein来，入；流行起来；名次acutabove一筹comeintobeing生，生，出，形成ashortcut近路，捷径comeintopower开始政，当，当cuta/therecord造新，打破comeintoeffect/force开始生效，开始行cutaway切去，砍掉，逃走comeintoexistence形成，生，开始存在cutdown砍倒，削减，短comeintofashion开始流行cutinhalf/intohalves把⋯切成两半comeintooperation开始运，施，生效cutin/into/topieces把⋯切碎comeintopossessionof占有，有cutoff切断，中断，剪下，关掉comeintothepossessionof被⋯占有，被⋯有cutout切下，剪下，裁下，去comeintouse开始使用，得用切开，切comenear接近，不于，几乎，差一点减，截短，comeoff〔，牙，扣〕脱落，离开cutthecostof减⋯少⋯的本钱comeon上演,开始,赶快；展；登台；被提出cutthrough通，挖通，穿comeout出来,芽；出版；果是；褪色；泄露cutup切碎，根切掉，割裂，comeover，越16.以devote中心的comeround/around拜，道bedevotedto献，致力于cometo醒,复原,共,到达,于,devoteone’sattentionto心于cometoanagreement达成devoteoneself/one’slifeto献身于，致力于cometoaconclusion得出devoteto献身于，心于cometoadecision作出决定17.以divide中心的cometoanend止，束bedi videdby⋯被⋯除cometoastop束，停止，停，bedividedon⋯于⋯有分歧between⋯在⋯之分配fallbehind落后，落伍，落在后面divideAfromB把A同B分开falldown倒下，落下，掉下，病倒，失divide⋯into把⋯分成fallinlovewith上⋯〔某人〕divideup分割，瓜分，划分，分配fallinto陷入，养成，开始，18.以do中心的fallintoahabit of养成⋯bedonein精疲力竭falloff掉下，衰退，减少bedonewith完全束fallover摔倒，落在⋯上，〔〕披在肩上doagooddeed做一件好事falltopieces破碎，崩，瓦解dothedeed付行，生效fallintoruins 成墟doatelephoneinterviewfalltotheguound地，失，落空do/takeapart-timejob21.以fix中心的dofirstaidtosb.fixadate/timefor⋯安排日期/doawaywith去掉，除；弄死；浪fixup修理，安装，安排，建造，提供do/causedamageto害fixon/upon确定，决定dogoodto(=有益于fixone’seyeson/upon 注，凝doharmto(=有害于fixone’sattentionon/upon心于,把注意力集中在doitswork有效，有作用outoffix(表)不准，不健全domuch极有用22.以get中心的公平待，正确批某人getabout徘徊，走，旅行；流dowrongto(=做getaboveonesel f自傲慢doone’sbest/utmost尽某人最大努力getaccustomedto于，~~以常doone’shomework做作getacross度，通，横；服，使被理解doproud足以使~~傲getaheadof，超公平待某人getalong前，步；同意；离去，相dosomecleaning(V+ing,etc.)打生getalongwith 与~~相doafavorforsb.帮助某人getaround走，播，影响，服doup捆，扎，系，扣，收拾，刷新getat，了解；掌握；攻dowellin学得不，干得漂亮getaway离开，逃脱，出，开始度假dowith和~~相，忍受，理getback取回，回来；复dowithout不需要⋯也行，不用getbehind落后；破dowonders造奇迹，生奇特的效果getcloseto接近，靠近havetodowith和~~有关系getdownvt.咽下；写下；使沮，使倒下vi.下来havemuchtodowith和~~很有关系getdownto真待，静下心来havenothingtodowith与~~无关getfamiliarwit h得熟悉havesomethingtodowith和~~有关get/catch/seize/takeholdof得，取得，抓住indoingso=insodoing，在种情况下gethom e到家Thatwilldo.行了；了getin入，陷入；涉19.以drive中心的getintouchwith与⋯⋯取得系driveawayvi.开走掉vt.赶走，赶getinto/outofdebt欠/不欠driveoff散getinto入，陷入，养成driveout逐出，乘出去getintotrouble/ahabitof⋯drivethrough乘穿〔街道等〕getoff送走；脱下〔衣服〕；下；身使某人geton上；穿上；步，使前；成功；相20.以fall中心的geton/uponwith步；在~~方面得成功fallill/asleep/silent生病/睡着/沉默getone’shandi n熟悉；fallback撤退，后退getoutvi.脱，出去，下，泄露getoutof由~~出来，从~~得出；防止；退休goby，去getover越；恢复，痊愈；克服；完成godead〔〕死机getpossessionof占有，取得⋯所有godown下降，漂浮，台，〔等〕平静getreadyfor~~作准godownto延到，到getridof除去，去掉；免除，脱gofor支持，成，适用于，去〔取，拿〕getthrough通，到达，完成，通；及格goforawalk/ride/swim去〔散步，，游泳〕gettogether聚，累；商，取得一致意goforward前，展getup起床，起立；研究，研；致力于；安排goin去，〔日月等〕被云遮蔽getusedto于goinfor喜，参加，成，从事，⋯而努力havegottodo不得不，必gointo入，参加，，从事，深入研究23.以give中心的gooff走开，爆炸begivento沉溺于，于，癖好goon，接下去giveabout分配；播goontodo接着做〔另一件事〕giveandtake相互迁就，互goondoing做〔同一件事〕giveaway送；牲；泄露；goonwith⋯做，忍受giveback，反射goout出去，熄，离开，下台，退休givecause予~~的理由goover温，，越giveearto耳听goround拜，道走，⋯运行giveforth出，放出；表gothrough，履行，通，，忍受givein屈服，步，投降gotoofar走得太，做/得太火giveinto同意，接受；向~~步goup上升，上，攀登giveoff出〔烟，气味〕gowell展利giveoneselfoutas/tobe自称gowith与⋯相配，和⋯一道走，同意giveoneselfupto心于；向~~自首gowithout无需，没有⋯也行giveoutvt.分,公布,出,使筋疲力尽vi.用完gowrong出故障，走路giveplaceto位于，被~~所替代haveago企，giveriseto引起，致；使~~生wantago一通知某人,使明白25.以hold中心的giveup放弃；停止holdback，阻止，克制，扣留givewayto步，退却；屈服于holdto/by持，固守giventhat假⋯定，定，holddown制，低，减24.以go中心的holdoff耽，不接近，离开goabout走来走去，〔言等〕流holdout伸出，提出，支持，主goacross度，越holdup起，起，支持，使停滞goafter追逐，追求，跟随holdwith和⋯意一致，成goagainst反，不利于catch/seize/get/takeholdof 抓住，掌握，得goahead前，展，leave/loseholdof松手，放弃goallabout鼓足干，全力以赴26.以insist中心的goalong前，行下去insiston/upon持，，决要求goalongwith⋯陪伴，和⋯一道走insistthat注⋯(意两种气) goaround走来走去，四走27.以keep中心的goaway离开，走掉keepat持，不停地做goback回去，返回，走下坡，追溯keepaway(from)不接近，避开，离gobackto追溯至keepback阻止，扣留，gobad坏，腐keepcompanywith⋯和⋯交gobeyond超，keepdark保守秘密keepdown减，控制lookat注，着眼于keepdoing，不断地做lookback回，回看keep⋯from⋯阻止lookbackon/upon⋯回keepin不出lookfor找；期待，期望keepinmind住lookdownon/upon俯；keepintouchwith与⋯⋯保持系/不断接触lookforwardto盼望，期待keepoff不接近，离lookin看望，便去望一下keepondoing，不停地做lookinto；；keepone’sbalance保持平衡looklik e看起来象keepout使⋯不入内lookon/upon旁；面向keeppacewith⋯跟上，同⋯步一致lookon/upon⋯as把⋯⋯看作keeptime合拍子，按，〔表〕走得准lookone’sage和年相称keepto持，固守，遵守lookout向外看；注意；留神，提防keepup，持，保持，持lookoutfor留神，找，搜keepupwith⋯赶上，跟上，与⋯并肩前lookover从上面看去；，忽略keepwatch守望，班，注意lookthrough透~~看去；看穿；，底ingood/highkeep保存得好lookto面向，注意inbad/lowkeep保存得不好lookup，仰，价28.以lay中心的lookupto仰望，尊敬layaside把..放在一，抛弃，藏31.以make中心的laydown放下，使躺下，放弃，牲bemadefrom由~~原料制成layoff〔〕解雇，放弃，停止bemade(out)of由~~材料制成layout花，投，不置，打昏bemadeupof由~~成29.以leave中心的makeanappointmentwithsb.与⋯定askforleave假makeabeelinefor走直路,走路,朝⋯径直走去giveleave准假makeadifference有差，有关系，很重要leaveabout乱放，乱makeafoolof愚弄，欺leavealone听任，任其自然makeamistake弄leave⋯asitis听.其自然make anoteof下leavebehind留下，忘携makeapoint述点leavefor〔离开某地〕去某地makeapointofdoing；决心，持leaveout省去，漏，不把⋯算在内makeapromiseleaveoff停止，脱去，戒除makeawill立下嘱leaveoffice离，下台makeadvantages/useof使用，利用leaveover留下，剩下，延期makeafter追求，追赶leaveroomfor⋯出地方makebelieve假装leaveschoolmakecertain/sure确信，把~~弄清楚leavesth,to/withsb把⋯交/留某人.makecontactwith接通，与~~接触，与~~系leavesb,sth.把⋯交/留某人makeeyesat⋯抛眉眼，以目示意leaveword/amessage留言，留信makefor去向，向~~前；有利于leave+object+.makefri endswith和~~交友onleave休假，假makeinto把~~制成，使~~ 30.以look中心的makemuchof重；理解；lookabout四下；看makeone’smindonsth决.定某事lookafter照，看管makeone’sown当作自己的看待lookaround西望makeoneselfathome随便，拘束makeoneselfunderstood人理解自己makeout填写；开支票；理解；辨makepreparationsfor ⋯作准makerepairs/arrangements/gestures/signs/ marks/choices/remarks/comments/efforts/mistakes/apricemakethebest/mostof 尽量利用；极重maketowards向⋯前makeup弥,修理, ,起草,造,化装,配制,占⋯比例makeupto接近，巴；向 ~~求makewayfor ~~路，路于makeit就么定了，成功，到达某一特定目onthemake急求成功；增加，人利己追求名利32.以meet中心的meetthecase适合，令人意meettheneed/demand/requirementof 足⋯需要meetwith偶然碰，遭受，meet⋯bychance/accident偶然碰makebothendsmeet使收支相抵33.以open中心的beopento ⋯开放，易于接受，不起〔惑〕openAforB B展开/翻开Aopento朝⋯开，朝向，通向openup开,开,开辟,开,吐露真情,翻开,展withopeneyes着眼睛，留神地，吃惊地withopenarms开双臂，〔迎〕34.以owe中心的owe⋯to⋯把⋯功于，把⋯因于，owemuchto多了，在很大程度上功于oweitto ⋯that⋯功于，幸.(=.)欠某人⋯35.以pass中心的passaway去世，〔〕去passby，〔〕去passinto成，化passon/upon，通passoutofone ’smind被人忘掉passover忽，置之不理passthrough，，穿passto，达36.以pick中心的pickandchoose仔挑，挑挑pickoff摘下，逐个地射死pickon挑，挑剔，惹pickone’sway/steps小心地走路，路而行pi ckone’swords精用pickout挑出，辨出pickup接(某人),接收，得，搭，收拾，恢复，爬起，起，学会，pickupwith ⋯，与⋯交朋友37.以pull中心的pull/make/wearalongface 拉，不高pullabout把⋯拖来拖去，虐待pullapart拉开，扯断，加批pullaway拖出，离开pulldown拉下,拉倒,推翻,拆,使(价格)下降,使体减弱,取pullin(船)抵达,省(用),减(开支)pulloff脱〔衣，冒〕，完成，得成功pullon穿，戴，拉pullout出，拔出，离开pullsb ’sleg取笑某人pullthrough克服困，脱离危把⋯拆散，撤碎pullup拔起，阻止，使停下pullupwith/to 追上，赶上pull(the)wires/strings 在幕后操，走后38.以push中心的atonepush一口气bringtothepush使陷境pushagainst推，推撞pushforward/along 把⋯腿向前，行pushaside/away推开，排除pushback退回，推回pushdown向下推pushin推，向岸靠pushoff起程，离开pushon力向前，推pushone’sway去，力向前pushout推出，出pushover推倒pushthrough促成，完成，穿，pushup向上推39.以put中心的putaside把~~放在一；置；排除putaway把~~放好，把~~收拾；藏；putback把~~放回原；回putdown放下；；下；削减；降落putanendto束，止，除putfaithin相信，信任putforward提出；快；建，推荐；提倡，putin 入，入put⋯(down)inwriting把⋯写下来put~~into把~~放入；插入；翻成sellwell，好put⋯intouse用sellbyretail零售put⋯intopractice把⋯付于践sellbywhole-sale批put⋯intoaction把⋯付于践，施，使生效46.以send中心的put⋯intoeffect把⋯付于践，施，使生效sendaway解雇，赶走，把⋯送往put⋯intooperation将⋯投入生，施，开senddown把⋯向下送,开除,降低〔价格，温度〕put⋯intoproduction将⋯投，开始生sendfor派人去叫//拿putoff推，延期；消除；推脱，脱下sendoff出，寄出，解雇，送puton上演,穿上,戴上,增加,快(表),推荐sendout出，散，出〔叶等〕putone’sheartinto全神注，心致志sendup射，使上升，向上putout熄，伸出，拿出，制造，刺sendword通知，告，捎信putthrough完成，〔用〕通，使穿47.以set中心的putto(good)use(充分)利用asetof一套，一副，一部putup起，挂起；提名，推荐；列besetin以⋯背景putupwith忍受，容忍setabout〔doing〕着手，开始40.以refer中心的setanexampletosb.某人立个榜referto指，提及，参考，setaside取消，放在一，放弃，忽，拒bereferredto和⋯有关,功于,被提交⋯理setback把〔表〕往回referoneselfto依⋯，求助于setdown放下，卸下，登，referto⋯as把⋯⋯称做，⋯是⋯setdownto于，是由于41.以rely中心的setfireto(=set⋯onfire)放火relyon/upon依靠，信，setforward把〔表〕快，出42.以remind中心的setfree放〔某人〕.提醒某人做某事setoffvi.出vt.使爆炸，出〔等〕⋯使某人想起/回起setone’shandto着手做，从事⋯提醒某人⋯⋯setone’sheart/mindon/upon心于，渴望43.以ring中心的setoutvi.出vt.开始，着手(todo)，布置，表ringoff挂断setup建立，立，开，引起〔疾病等〕ringthebell敲，48.以shut中心的ringup打⋯shutdown(=closedown)关，倒，停工，歇ringback回shutin关去，禁，使中止，制某人打shutoff关掉，切断44.以see中心的shutone’seyes/earsto拒⋯去看/听seeafter照料，照shutone’sheartto⋯不心seeinto透，shutone’smindto死⋯不答seeout送某人到口/屋外，shutone’steeth要牙关seeoff送行shutout关在外面，排除〔可能性〕seethrough看透，破，支持〔某人〕到底shutup关，密封seeto照，理，注意49.以stick中心的seetoitthat照⋯料，努力使，注意把stickinthemud陷入泥中，墨守成seeingth因⋯，于，既然stick⋯into把⋯插入⋯中atasfarasIsee据我所了解/看到的stickout突出，伸出，眼45.以sell中心的stickto持，忠于，粘到⋯上selloff廉价出清〔存〕50.以suit中心的sellout完，背叛asuitof一套，一副sellup，拍besuitedfordoing(=besuitedtodo)配〔做〕，适于takepartwith袒，支持besuitedto/for适⋯合于takeplace生，行suitalltastes人人合口味，人人中意takepossessionof占有，有suitoneself随自己意愿taketh eplaceof代替suittheactiontotheword使言行一致taketheshapeof呈/取suit⋯to使⋯适合于，使适takethesizeof量⋯.的尺寸suitwith与⋯⋯相称takepridein以~~荣，~~傲51.以take中心的take⋯seriously/calmly真/冷静沉着地待betakenaback吃惊拉某人的胳膊takeachance/anopportunity碰运气,抓时机’sarms 抱某人takeaseat就坐taketurns(todo)流做takeashower淋浴，洗澡takeup for袒takeadvantageof利用，乘⋯之便takeupwith致力于，忍受，⋯生趣takeafter仿效，与⋯相似52.以tear中心的takeaim瞄准，立目tearat撕，拉takeaway拿走，减去；去tearaway撕掉，扯开，磨takeback收回，取消tearAawayfromB从B走A出奇制,突teardown拆，扯下，使瓦解，破坏〔名誉〕使惊tearin/to/intopieces把⋯撕碎takecareof留神,注意；照；提防；慎；理tearintwo..把⋯撕成两半takecaretodo必做，留心做tearoff扯去，扯开takecold感冒，受寒tearout 撕下，拉下take~~for/as把⋯~~当作tearup撕掉，撕takechargeof，主管53.以tell中心的takedown取下，下，占，拆，病倒tellab out述takeeffect生效，起作用tell/know⋯apart区，takefire着火tellAfromB区A和Btake⋯forexample以⋯例te llthet ruthtake⋯forgranted⋯理所当然〔不成〕tellalie撒takeholdof抓住，掌握aboutsth.告某人某事takein吸收，接，欺，信，会54.以think中心的takeinto入，信任thinkabout考take⋯intoaccount/consideration 考，重thinkaloud自言自takeit/thingseasy，沉着thinkhighly/well/much/alotof ⋯价很高takemeasures/steps采取措施thinklittle/ill/nothingof，看不起takenotes笔thinkof想，想着，想做takenoticeof注意，留心thinkof⋯as把⋯⋯看作takeoffvt.脱去,除去；vi.起,起程,成功,成名thinkout仔考，想通takeoffice就，上任thinkover 仔考takeon呈，雇佣，承担，担任thinkthro ugh想通takeone’splace就坐，入坐，代替think⋯tobe⋯⋯是takeone’stemperature量体温thinktooneself沉思，暗自想takeone’stime〔todo〕慢慢做thinkup想出，想通，想起takeout拿出，取出，去除，取得〔利〕55.以throw中心的takeover接管，接任，接收throwabout乱，乱花〔〕takepartin参与，参加throwat 把⋯投向throwaway抛弃，浪，拒，失〔时机〕turnto成；着手于throwback扔回，拒，反，〔光〕反射turnupsidedown倒来，翻来throwcoldwateronsb.⋯冷水，使气59.以watch中心的throwdoubton/upon⋯疑beonwatch班，勤throwdown推翻，拆，仍下，拒keep(a)watch守望，班，留心throwdownone’stools工onthewatch(for)密切注意，看守着，警惕着throwin插，〔免〕附送watchone’stime/opportunity等待机throwinto使⋯陷入某种状watchout(for)留神，，注意，提防throwo ff 脱，匆匆脱掉，法除去watchover看，，看守throwoneselfinto投身于，极从事watchone’sweight留心体重throwout扔出，干，否决watchone’sstep留神，留心throwup呕吐，放弃，起，批，匆匆建造附2其它常用短throwupone’sarms起双手，投降aseriesof一系列,一串56.以try中心的aboveall首先,尤其是afterall竟,究竟trydoing/todo着做/尽力做aheadof在...之前aheadoftime提前tryeverymeans用各种法allatonce突然,同allbut几乎;除了...都tryfor企得，争取，求allofasudden突然allover普及tryon 穿alloveragain再一次,重新allthetime一直,始tryone’sbest尽力allthesame仍然,照的asregards关于,至于tryout，提，参加拔anythingbut根本不asamatteroffact 上57.以trust中心的apartfrom除...外(有/无)asarule通常,照例enjoyt hetrustof得到⋯的信任asaresult(of)因此,由于asfaras...beconcerned就...而言have/puttrustin信任asfaras至,到...程度asfor至于,关于intrust受托的，代保管的asfollows如下asif好似,仿怫take⋯ontrust⋯不加考察信以真asgoodas和...几乎一asusual像平常一,照例truston信asto至于,关于allright令人意的;可以trustAtoB(=trustBwithA)把A委托Baswell同,也,aswellas除...外(也),即...又58.以turn中心的asidefrom除...外(有)ataloss茫然,不知所措giveanewturnto~~予以新的看法atatime一次,每次atall毫(不),一点也不turnaway把⋯打走,解雇,不采,使方向atallcosts不惜一切代价atallevents不管怎,无如何inone’sturn到某人做某事atalltimes随,是atanyrate无如何,至少outofturn不按次序的，不适宜宜的atbest充其量,至多atfirst最初,起先takeone’sturntodo到做atfirstsight乍一看,初看起来athand在手,在附近turnablindeyeto~~而不atheart内心里,本上athome在家,在国内turnagainst背叛，采取度atintervals不,每隔...atlarge大多数,未被捕的turnback折回，往回走atleast至少atlast于turndown折叠，翻下，回，拒考atlength最,于atmost至多,不超turninto走；成，atnotime从不,决不byaccident偶然turnto 求助于atonetime曾,一度;同atpresent目~~forhelp前,在turnoff关上,解雇，避开〔〕atsb'sdisposal任...理atthecostof 以...代价turnon翻开；反；依靠，依，取决于atthemercyof任凭...布atthemoment 此刻,目前turnone’sattentionto把注意力向atthisrate照此速度turnout培养；明是；制成；情况是attimes有,或backandforth来回地,反复地turnouttobe原来是，明是，果是backof在...后面beforelong不久以后turnoveranewleaf翻开新的一，，改自新besidepoint离的,不相干的beyondquestion毫无疑turn(a)round旋，身来；改意；byair通航空途径byallmeans尽一切法,必byandby不久,迟早bychance偶然,碰巧intheeventof如果...发生,万一inthefaceof即使;在...面前byfar最,...得多byhand用手,用体力inthefirstplace首先inthefuture在未来byiteslf自动地,单独地bymeansof用,依靠intheleast丝毫,一点in(the)lightof 鉴于,由于bymistake错误地,无意地bynomeans决不,并没有byoneself intheway挡道intheworld究竟,到底单独地,单独地intime及时intouch联系,接触bytheway顺便说说byvirtueof借助,由于inturn依次,轮流;转而invain徒劳,白费力bywayof经由,通过...方法dueto由于,因为insteadof代替,而不是justnow眼下;刚刚eachother互相evenif/though即使,虽然littlebylittle逐渐地lotsof许多everso非常,极其everynowandthen时而,偶尔manya许多moreorless或多或少,有点everyother每隔一个的exceptfor除了...外nextdoor隔壁的,在隔壁nodoubt无疑地facetoface面对面地farfrom远非,远离nolessthan不少于...;不亚于...nolonger不再forever永远forgood永久地nomore不再nomorethan至多,同...一样不forthebetter好转forthemoment暂时,目前noneotherthan不是别的,正是onone'sguard警惕,提防forthepresent暂时,目前forthesakeof为了,为了...的利益nothingbut只有,只不过nowandthen时而,偶尔forthetimebeing暂时,眼下fromtimetotime有时,不时offandon断断续续,间歇地offduty下班handinhand手拉手,密切关联headon迎面地,正面的onalarge/smallscale大/小规模地onaccountof由于heartandsoul全心全意地howabout...怎么样on(an/the)average平均,通常onbehalfof代表inahurry匆忙,急于incaseof假设,防范onboard在船(车/飞机)上onbusiness 因公ina moment立刻,一会儿inasense从某种意义上说onconditionthat如果onduty上班,值班inaway在某种程度上inaword简言之,总之onearth究竟,到底onfire起火着火inaccordancewith与...一致,按照inaddition另外,加之onfoot步行,onguard站岗,值班inaddition to除...之外(还)inadvance预先,事先onhand在场,在手边onoccasion(s)有时,间或inall总共,合计inanycase无论如何onone'sown独立,单独onpurpose成心地inanyevent无论如何inbrief简单地说onsale出售,廉价出售onschedule按时间表,准时inchargeof负责,总管incommon共用的,共有的onsecondthoughts经重新考虑onthecontrary正相反inconsequence(of)因此;由于indebt欠债,欠情onthegroundsof根据,以...为由on(the)onehand一方面indetail详细地indifficulty处境困难ontheotherhand另一方面onthepointof 即将...的时刻ineffect实际上,事实上ingeneral一般来说,大体上ontheroad在旅途中ontheside作为兼职/副业infavourof支持,赞成infrontof面对,在...前onthespot在场;马上onthewhole总的来说,大体上inhalf成两半inhand在进行中,待办理ontime准时onceagain再一次inhonourof为庆祝,为纪念initself本质上,就其本身而言once(and)forall一劳永逸地onceinawhile偶尔inlinewith与...一致inmemoryof纪念oncemore再一次onceuponatime从前innocase决不innotime立即,马上oneanother相互orelse否那么,要不然innoway决不inorder按顺序,按次序orso大约,左右otherthan非;除了inotherwords换句话说inpart局部地outof从...中;由于;缺乏outofburath 喘不过气来inparticular特别,尤其inperson亲自,本人outofcontr失去控制outofdate过时的olinplace在适宜的位置inplaceof代替,取代,交换outofdoors在户外outoforder出故障的inpractice在实践中,实际上inproportionto与...成比例outofplace不适当的outofpractice久不练习,荒疏inpublic公开地,当众inquantity大量outofsight看不见,在视野外outofthequestion毫无可能的inquestion正在谈论的inregardto关于,至于outoftouch不联系,不接触overandover(again)一再地,再三inrelation to关于,涉及inreturn作为报答/回报/交换地inreturnfo r作为对...报答inshort简言之,总之priorto在...之前quiteafew相当多,不少insight被见到;在望inspiteof尽管ratherthan不是...(而是)regardlessof不顾,不惜instep齐步,合拍instepwith与...一致/协调rightaway立即,马上sidebyside肩并肩,一起intears流着泪,在哭着inthecourseof 在...期间/过程中sofar迄今为止soonerorlater迟早,早晚inthedistance在远处intheend最后,终于stepbystep逐步地suchas例如,诸如thanksto由于,多亏thatis(tosay)就是说,即tothepoint切中要害,切题undercontrol处于控制之下underthecircumstances这种情况下uptodate最新的，最近的upto多达;直到;胜任;取决于whatif如果...将怎么样whatabout怎么样withregard/respectto 关于,至于withtheexceptionof 除...之外withoutquestion 毫无疑问wordforword 逐字的。

高中英语常用动词短语1．高考高频动词短语（1） act 短语：act as 担当职务，起作用act for 代理（某人职务），代为（办理某事）act out 表演（对话、故事等）act up 捣蛋，出缺点比如：I acted as an interpreter while I was in Xiamen.Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case.( 布莱克先生代那个老人办理他的案件。

) The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus.He’ s a tough kid and he acts up a lot.（ 2） break 短语：break away 摆脱，离开break away from离开，奋力摆脱break down 出故障，坏掉，中断，累垮，分解break in 打断，插话，闯进，强行进入break into闯进，破门而入break (sth) off（使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发break out in tears 突然大哭break the rule 违犯规定break through 突围，冲跨break up 分解，分裂，拆开，碎开比如 :The thief broke away from the police, but was later caught.If you keep on working like that, you break’lldown sooner or later.The car broke down just on my way here.If anyone tries to break in, the alarm will go off.If anyone tries to break into the building, the alarm will go off.She broke off a bit of bread and dipped it in the soup.I broke off the conversation and answered the phone.Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out?It may take a long time to break through the problem.In spring the icebergs begin to break up.（3） bring 短语：bring about 惹起，致使，使发生bring along 把带来，领来bring back 拿回来，使恢复bring sb back 送回某人bring sth / sb back to life 使生动 /开朗，使清醒（比较： sth / sb come back to life 复苏，清醒）bring down 使降低，减少，使倒下，使落下bring down / up (the price) 降价／抬价[ 比较： (the price ) go down / up 价钱降落 /上升 ] bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），汲取bring on 发展，惹起，致使，使行进bring out 取出，第一版，生产，揭穿，说明，使表现出bring to 使清醒bringto use = put to use 对加以利用bring / carry sth to / into effect 实行（比较： sth come / go into effect 开始实行）bring up 抚育，培育，培育比如：A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.You’ re welcome to bring along a friend.The government hopes these measures will help to bring down inflation (通货膨胀).American country music brings in more than $10 billion each year.This new kind of technology was brought in in the early 1980s.Stress can bring on (=lead to / result in) headaches and other illnesses.Jenny opened the cupboard and brought out a couple of bottles.He was brought up by his grandparents.（4） call 短语：call at (sp) 接见（某地），拜见（某地）[ 比较： call on (sb) 拜见（某人），接见（某人） ] call back 回电话call for 倡导，呼吁，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人call / shout for help 呼救call in 请来，招集，来访，打电话call off 撤消call on / upon 呼吁call out 高声呼叫，叫唤call sbfor short简称某人call sb names 诅咒某人call up 给打电话，令人想起，呼吁比如：We called at Mike ’s house yesterday.All ships sailing on the oceans call for help by radio in English.I ’ll call for my uncle at Beijing Railway Station.Let’s call in a doctor for the little girl.Many of these songs called on / upon the workers to take up the struggle.I shall call on him tomorrow.I heard somebody calling out to me from downstairs.Call me up tomorrow; my number is 536291.Your letter calls up the days when we worked together fifteen years ago.Due to the bad weather, the sports meeting has been called off.（5） come 短语：come about 发生，产生come across 有时相遇come along 来，伴同，进展，加油come at向侵袭come back 回来，想起来，复生come down 下来，着落，传下come down to到达，从一处到达另一处come for来拿，来取come from来自，出生于come in 进来，进入come into being 形成，产生come into use 使用起来come off 零落，从走开come on 过来，跟我来，加油，来吧，赶忙come on / upon sb / sth 有时遇到，有时碰上，有时发现come out 露出，出来，出现，第一版，发（芽），（花）开come over to过来，趁便来访，从一个地方到达另一个地方come round / around （非正式）来访，串门come to到达，出现，说起，达到，合计，结果是，清醒come to an end 结束，停止come to know 渐渐地知道come to life （变得）开朗，清醒过来come to light 显现，为人所知come to oneself 清醒过来，恢复知觉come to / into power 当权，登台come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变为废墟come to terms with甘愿忍耐come true 变为现实，成为事实come up 被提出，上来，走来，上升，仰头，长出来come up to sb 朝某人走来come up with提出，想出（想法），找出（答案），追上比如：A number of educational reforms have come about as a result of the report.I came across an old friend of mine in the street the other day.Your English is coming along really well.Come along / on ! Don ’ t give up yet!Come along / on ! We ’ re all waiting for you!Suddenly, he came at me with a knife.Now, let ’s come back to what I was saying a moment ago.It is impossible for a dead animal to come back.Snow was coming down so thickly that I could hardly see through the window.The airplane came down in that field.Where does the film star come from, do you know?Mr Smith came in in a hurry, book in hand (= with a book in his hand).The law first came into being in 1912.By the time he came to / into power in 1951, he was already seventy.How long is it since the electronic computer came into use?The button came off, but he didn ’tnotice it.There is no doubt that the truth will come out one day.The trees turn green and flowers come out.This magazine comes out once a month.Why don ’ t you comearound / round for lunch?Some day you’ll come to know the mistakes you have made.If they don’ t come to a decision by midnight, the talks will be abandoned.I ’ ve forgotten her name, but maybe it’ ll come to me later.The bill came to480 in￡total.His dream of becoming a film star came true at last.A child came up to me and showed me the way.The same problems came up at the meeting yesterday.They came up with the same problems at the meeting yesterday.Searching through the drawer, I came upon the letter I ’d been looking for. （6） cut 短语：cut away 切除，剪去cut down 砍倒，砍下，减少cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入cut in line插队cut into pieces / halves 把切成碎片/切成两半cut off切断（线路），中断（供应）cut out 删除，剪下来cut the cost of降低的成本cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉比如：He cut away some branches, making it look more beautiful.A lot of trees there were cut down in the past.The electricity was cut off because of the storm.He was sentenced to death and had his head cut off the next day.Could you cut the pizza up, please?（ 7） do 短语：do about 办理，对付do and don ’t要与不要do a good deed 做一件好事do a lot of walking 走好多路do a test 做实验，做化验do a word puzzle 猜灯谜do an experiment / experiments 做实验do away with 取销do body-building 做健身操do chores 办理杂事，干家务do housework 做家务活do make-up 化妆，妆扮do observations 察看do one’s best 尽某人最大努力do one’s homework 造作业do research on从事研究工作do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙do sb honor = do honor to sb礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意do sb the favour to do sth帮某人一个忙做某事do some reading 念书，阅读，看点书do some shopping = go shopping购物，买东西do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 进行体育运动，做运动，进行锻炼do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮番做某事do telephone interviews进行电话采访do the laundry 洗衣服do up 妆扮，梳洗，整理，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好do up one’ s shoes/hair系好鞋带/梳好头do up the button 扣纽扣do well / better in在方面干得好/更好do with办理，处理，对付do wrong 做坏事，做错事（比较：do right = do the right thing做得对）比如：To tell the truth, I don ’tknow how to do with him.I ’ll have nothing to do with him from now on.What did you do with that camera you found?The poisonous waste may do great harm to the things around us.Eat more fruit; it will do good to you.I think I can do better in English this year than last year.Liszt said, “You’ve done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry aboutit. ” I ’m going to do my best this year.I was only trying to do a good deed.（8） get 短语：get a better understanding of China 更好地认识中国get a full mark / full marks 得满分get a lot of satisfaction 获取知足get at 意指，本义是get around = get about 四周走动，活动get away 移走，拿走，逃脱，逃离get away from 逃脱，逃离get back 回来，回家，取回，找回，退还get close to 凑近get down 下来，降下get down on one’s knees 跪下get down to (doing) sth 开始（做）某事）get in 进入，收获，达到get in a word 插话get into进入get sb into使某人堕入get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得get off 下车，脱下（衣服等）get on 上车，过活get on / along with进展，与相处get on one’s feet （困难地）站立起来get out 走开，出去get out of 躲避，防止get over 战胜，恢复，谅解get up 起床，起身get across 理解，度过get through 接通（电话），达成（工作），经过（考试）get to 到达，到达get to sleep 入眠，想法睡着get / gain / take possession of 据有，拥有，占据get ready for 为做准备（比较： be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for 为做好了准备）get rid of除去，去掉get sb to do 让某人做get the idea for想到的想法get the message across 流传信息get together 相聚，碰头，联欢get / be used to sth 习惯于，适应于（比较： be used as sth 被用作be used for sth 被用于，用来做be used to do sth 被用于做used to do sth 过去经常做）get / be dressed 穿衣服get / be engaged (to sb) （与某人）订亲get / be lost 丢掉了，迷路get / be married (to sb) = marry (sb)（与某人）成婚get / be stuck 陷进去，被困住，被难住，碰到困难get / be tired of对感觉厌烦，对失掉兴趣（比较： get / be tired for因而感觉疲备）比如：I ’m getting on well with my classmates now.How are you getting along with your English?He got the book away from her.The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away.When did you get back from the countryside?Have you got back the book you lent him?“Get down on your knees, ”said the Genie, “for I am going to killyou. ” The dust has got into my eyes.This mistake may get him into difficulties.Before I could get in a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits.If you knock into someone, or get into his way, you should say, “Excuse me.”or “I’m sorry.” When you are in London, you might get in touch with a friend of mine.The conductor got off and checked the rails.She got on her bicycle and cycled off.You work too hard! You should get out a bit more.If you don ’twant to go, I suppose I can get rid of the ticket.We all try to get together at least once a year at Christmas time.It took us only four minutes to get through the Customs( 海关 ).I telephoned him, but I just couldn ’tget through to him.She felt so cold that she got close to her mother.It ’ s time we got down to work.The theatre was already full, and we couldn ’ t get in.The peasants are busy getting in the crops.We didn ’ t get up until lunch time.He got up and walked over to the window.（ 9） give 短语：give away 赠予，赐予，背弃，泄漏，发散give back 送还，送回give in 投诚，退步，折服give off 开释，发出，放出(烟、光、热等 )give out 用完，耗尽，发散，发放give over = hand over 转交，移交give up 放弃，辞去give a concert 开音乐会give a description of描绘give / make a speech 演讲，发言give a talk 演讲，做报告give birth to 生婴儿，生产，造成give close attention to 亲密关注give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗give shade in summer 夏时节遮阳give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助give sb a message = give a message to sb 给某人捎个口信give sb a second look 再看某人一眼give sb a warm welcome 热情欢迎某人give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就向某人提出建议/忠告比如：In those days, he used to give away a part of his income to help his friend.Remember not to give it away to anyone else; it ’s a secret.Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give in.If they are burned, they will give off poisonous gases.When they made ready to climb the next ridge ( 山脊 ), they found that their oxygen had given out.Our English teacher is giving out the test papers.Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride.All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given up and the search stopped.Mary had to give up her job after her marriage.Mr Black will give us a talk on how to learn English well this afternoon.Could you give us some advice on reading?If you won ’thave it changed, please give my money back.（10） go 短语：go abroad 出国go about 四周逛逛，开始做，着手干go about from house to house 挨 /逐家拜见go against 违犯，违反go ahead 说吧，干吧，当先，走在前方go / walk around 四周逛逛go away 走开，离开go back 回去go beyond 超越go by 走过，经过，（时间）消失，过去go down 下来，落下，倒下go down on one ’ s knees跪下go for 为去，努力获取，主张，合用于go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅游go for a job interview 去面试找工作go for a walk / walks 漫步go for sb 对某人也相同go in for 参加，喜爱go into 详尽检查go into details 细说go off 走开，离开，（闹钟）闹响go off to = be off to = leave for 出发去go off the air 停止广播（比较： go on the air 开始广播）go on 发生，进行，持续go / be on diet 在节食go on (a) holiday 去度假go on a tour to 去观光（旅游）go on a visit to 去接见（观光）go on doing sth 持续做某事（同一事）[ 比较： go on to do sth 持续做某事（另一事）go on with sth 持续某事 ]go out 熄灭，出去，出门go over 复习，过一遍，认真检查，批阅go past 从的旁边过去go up 上升，上升，增加，登攀go with 与相当go without忍耐没有之苦，没有也行，没有也能牵强对付go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating去购物/垂钓/驾船航行/宿营/溜冰go straight along 沿着向来往前走go through 经过，经受，阅读，认真检查go through with达成go to bed （上床）睡觉go to school / work上学/上班go to sea 当水手go to sleep 入眠go to town进城go to a movie 去看电影go to the country(side)下乡go home / there 回家 /去那边go to see a doctor 去看病，去看医生go bad 变坏go wrong 出缺点，不仇家，做错事，误入歧路go Dutch各付各的帐，平摊花费比如：No one dared to go against the rules.— Do you mind if I open the window? / Do you mind my opening the window?— No, go ahead.I went away /off wondering if I’ danythingsaid wrong.I ’m afraid the fish has gone bad.Things will get easier as time goes by.He went by quickly, taking no notice of us.If you really want the job, go for it!Close all the doors and lock them when you go out. The same goes for windows.I go in for all the competitions.After a short pause, Maria went on with her story.Suddenly the candle went out.Once again I went over exactly what I needed to say.Let’s go over what we learned last period.Do you want me to go through this and check your spellings?Unemployment in that country has gone up by a million.It is possible to go without food for a few days.Something ’s gone wrong with my watch; I must have it repaired.（ 11） have 短语：have a break 歇息一下have a bright future有一个绚烂的未来have (got) a cold / cough / headache / fever感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发热have a conversation with sb 与某人谈话[ 比较： have a dialogue with sb 与某人对话have a talk with sb (about sth)（就某事）与某人进行沟通have a word with sb = would like a word with sb和某人谈几句，跟某人说句话] have a gift for对有天分（比较：have a reputation for有声誉/名望）have a good flight（坐飞机）旅途快乐have a good knowledge of对很熟习，精通have a good laugh over对笑了个够have a good / great / wonderful time = have (great) fun 玩得（特别）快乐，过得快乐have a / the habit of = be in a / the habit of 有的习惯（比较： get into / form the habit of养成的习惯get sb into the habit of使某人养成的习惯）have a hit 盛极一时have a large population 人口众多have / take a look 看一看have a meeting / party 开会 /举行晚会have a nice / pleasant trip / journey祝旅途快乐have (got ) a pain (in the )（身体某部位）痛have a part-time job做兼员工作have a (good) rest 歇息have / take a seat 坐下（比较：have / take one’s seat 坐某人的座位）have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼have a sweet tooth 喜爱吃甜食have a swim 游泳have a table tennis match 举行一场乒乓球比赛have a test 进行测试have a try 试一试have / show an appetite forhave / make an appointment with sb,have an effect on / uponinfluence= affecthave no effect / influence onhave a good / bad effect on/have a great / little effect on/have a strong influence onhave / take an exam have an eye forhave an income ofhave access tohave breakfast / lunch / supper//have lessons / classeshave mercy onhave no chance of survivinghave no choice but to do sthhave none of have onhave sth on sb have / take one’s medicinehave some difficulty / trouble / problems with/[have some difficulty / trouble / problems (in ) doing sth/] have something / nothing in common ( with )have much / a lot in common withhave little in common withhave something / nothing to do withhave to = have got toClass is over. Let ’s have a break.I ’ve got a cough.Dad and I had a good laugh over that.They are having a good time.He stopped to have a look.We are going to have a table tennis match tomorrow afternoon.Are we going to have a meeting this week?Here is a tree. Let me have a rest.Are you going to have a swimWe’ll have a test tomorrow.Where is Peter? I want to have a word with him.Does she have lunch at homeThen it has no choice but to lie down and sleep.He knew about the order, he knew why the soldiers were there, but he would have none of it.We have four lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.Most of his questions have nothing to do with his lessons.I noticed that he had on bedroom slippers.Please come here and have my seat, Granny.He hasn’thad any medicine.At three fifty in the afternoon we have sports.12 holdhold a meeting / party/hold backhold one ’ s breath屏息，不出气hold on 等一等，不要挂电话hold on to 抓住，保住hold out 伸出，坚持下去，保持hold up 阻拦，使停留，举起，拿起，阻滞hold together 连在一同，团结一致比如：A nger flooded through her. She couldn ’ t hold it back.— Could I speak to Mr Smith? —Hold on, please.The little boy held out his hands.I think w ater supplies won ’ t hold out much longer.Sorry, I ’ m late. I was held up at work.（ 13） keep 短语：keep away from 避开，别凑近keep back 隐瞒，忍住，阻挡向前，留下keep down 控制keep off 勿踏，勿踩keep off sb / sth 不接触或不凑近某人 /某事物keep on 持续进行keep out 不得入内keep out 把挡住，把留在外面keep out of不进入keep up 持续，保持，坚持，使（情绪等）不低沉keep up with= catch up with跟上，追上keep a date 赴约keep a healthy diet 保持健康的饮食keep a record / records 保持记录keep an eye on 凝视，留意，注意，照顾（比较： keep an eye out for 凝视，留意，注意）keep busy doing 忙着做某事keep fit保持健康keep in mind = learn by heart= remember把记着keep (on) doing sth 持续不断地做某事[ 比较： keep sb doing sth 使某人向来 / 持续做某事keep from doing阻挡做，不让做stop / prevent (from) doing阻碍/预防/阻挡做，不让做]keep one’s appointment 遵约（比较：b reak one’s appointment 违约）keep one’s balance 保持均衡keep one’s word(s) 恪守誓言keep safe 保持安全keep silent over对保持缄默keep the same look 保持原貌keep watch 保持戒备，站岗比如：I would have been here sooner, but the rainstorm kept me back.Every week there was a rebellion （造反） somewhere, and the Austrian soldiers were kept busy hurrying from one town to another in order to put down the rebellions.While Leonov was outside the ship, he kept in touch by telephone with his companion and with the earth.He kept on telling us the same story over and over.You may depend on his doing what he says, for he is a person who always keeps his words.Danger! Keep out!Will this overcoat keep the rain out?It is also bad manners to keep silent when the teacher asks you a question.The rain kept up all night.I see you are getting along well with your English studies. Keep up the good work.The good news keeps our spirits up.He walked so fast that I could hardly keep up with him.Every few hundred meters along the wall there are watch-towers, where soldiers used to keep watch.（ 14） knock 短语：knock at /on 敲打（门、窗等）knock down把撞倒，击倒knock into撞到，撞上某人，有时遇到knock sb out (of sth)裁减某人knock over撞翻，撞倒比如：We knocked at / on the door but there was no one there.He was in hospital last night after being knocked down by a car.Tom entered the classroom hurriedly and knocked into Mr. White.He almost knocked into me before he realized it.If no one answers the front door, try knocking at the back door.（15） look 短语：look at看着，凝视，检查look at oneself in the mirror = admire oneself in the mirror照镜子look after照顾，照顾，照看look ahead 向前看，展望未来look around / about四周看看，四下环视look back回顾，回想，回顾过去look back on回顾，回想look forward to sth /doing sth期望，期盼某事物/ 做某事look for找寻，找look in来访，观光look into往里面看，阅读，检查，研究look (right) into sb ’s eyes 直视着look like看起来像（比较：look the same看起来像）look on旁观，观看look out = be careful = take care留意，当心，注意，警惕，防备look out for警惕，留意，找出来look over翻阅，（认真）检查look through看破，认真查察，阅读，翻阅，复习look up仰望，往上看，（在词典或参照书中）查阅，查寻look up to sb 仰慕，仰望，敬爱（比较：look down on / upon sb瞧不起，歧视，小看）look / be worried看上去/感觉担忧比如：The boy is old enough to look after himself.He spent two weeks in Shanghai, looking around / about the city.We are looking forward to hearing from you soon.Join us. Don ’tjust look on.They all looked on him as a member of their family.Look out! There is danger ahead.I shall look out that I don ’ttrust him again.He looked through his notes before writing the report.Look through these photographs and try to pick out the man you see.I must look up the time of your train.A fox came to the tree and looked up at the cock.I ’ ve always looked up to Bill for his courage and determination.（16） make 短语：make into 制成，作成（后边跟产品，制成品）[ 比较： be made in 在生产 /制造be made of 由构成 / 构成，用某种原资料制成（物理变化） bemade from 由构成 /构成，用某种原资料制成（化学变化） bemade up of = consist of 由构成，由构成 ]make out 理解，看清楚make up 化妆，妆扮，和解，配制，假造，虚假，构成，构成make up for填补，增补，赔偿made up one’ s mind下信心make a choice 做出选择make a commitment 承诺，保证make a comment / comments (on / upon ) （对）发布谈论 make a(great) contribution to 为做出（巨大）贡献，为捐钱make a decision 做出决定make a (no) difference（没）相关系/影响make a face / faces 扮鬼脸make a fire 生火make a film / blockbuster ／ follow-ups拍电影/巨片／续集make a fool of sb = fool sb捉弄某人（比较：make fool of捉弄）make / leave / create a good impression (on sb) （给某人）留下好印象make a mistake / mistakes 出错误make (a) noise 制造噪音，发出令人不快乐的声音make a note / notes of记录，做笔录，记下来make a plan (for ) （为）制定计划，制定一个（的）计划make a point of doing sth 认为做某事重要或有必需make a promise 承诺make a record 录制唱片，做记录（比较： record a song 录一首歌set a world record 创建世界记录）make (a) suggestion (on ) 提出（对于）的建议make a telephone call 打电话make / take a trip / journey to去某地旅游make conversation 谈话make (both) ends meet 使进出相抵make friends with sb 与某人交朋友make fun of讥笑，嘲讽，和开玩笑make it （事业上）获取成功make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑，以某人为笑柄make mistake about犯了错误make / earn money 挣钱make oneself at home 不拘束，别客气make oneself known 使 /让自己有名make one’s way to 往走去make progress (in ) （在方面）获得进步make sense 存心义，有道理，讲得通make sense of 弄懂的意思make sth to (one’s own) measure （按自己的尺寸）定做make sure 保证，确认，查明make the adjustment to适应make the / one’s bed 整理床铺make (full) use of= make the most / best of(充足 )利用比如：Bamboo is also made into paper.Our desks and chairs are made of wood.The paper for books and newspapers also is made from wood.This engine is made up of 490 parts.The actor made himself up for the part of an old man.These days many girls make up when they are still quite young.She made up a good lunch from bits and pieces.There isn’tany little girl called Kitty here. He has just made her up.Hard work can often make up for lack of intelligence.Everyone should make full use of time.But wait till you see what we ’ll make for you to your own measure.I have made up my mind, and nothing you say will change it.They made fun of my mistakes when I tried to speak English.（17） pass 短语：pass down 传下来，流传，使世代相传，一代一代传下去pass on (to sb) 转交给 (某人 )，传给 (某人 )pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来pass out 失掉知觉，昏迷pass through 穿过，超出pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上pass the examination 经过考试比如：Dr Johnson passed away last night.They all waved to us as they passed by.The tradition has been passed down from father to son for generations.She said she’ d pass the message on to the other students.I nearly passed out when I saw the blood.（18） pay 短语：pay attention to对注意，留意pay a visit to sb / a place接见，拜见（某人），观光（某地）pay back 送还（借钱），报恩，报复pay for 付款，付费，付代价（比较：pay a high price for付高价）pay off还清（欠款）pay sb a visit 拜见某人pay the bill买单，付帐单比如：He promised to pay the money back by Friday.The old in our city don ’tneed to pay for transport.After ten years of hard work he paid off all his debts at last.（19） pick 短语：pick out精选，认出pick up拾起，接收，学会（语言），开车去接，痊愈，购置（廉价商品）比如：His story was picked out as the best by the judges.The phone rang and I picked it up.I ’ ll pick you up at the station.I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.After a short break they picked up the topic they talked about earlier.I picked up the unusual stamp by accident.I picked up a few words of Greek when I was there last year.（20） put 短语：put away 将某物整理起来，存钱，储藏，存起来put down 息灭，停息，镇压，记下put forward提出，建议，介绍put off缓期，迟延put on （戏）演出，放（唱片），穿着put on a performance 演出put out 息灭，熄灭，使停止焚烧，伸出，第一版，生产put up 挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，成立put up with忍耐，容忍put into使进入，输入，投入put／ translate into 把译成put one’s heart into聚精会神于put sb in / into prison把某人关进牢狱put to use 使用，运用put a date to sth 注明天期（比较： set / fix the date 确立日期put an end to结束put together 把放在一同比如：We put away the tools before we leave the workshop.All the medical workers in the region helped to put down the influenza epidemic（流感）.Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.We are putting the play on again next week owing to its success.The firemen soon put the fire out.The doctor told me to put out my tongue.It ’s time that we put up the Christmas decorations （装修物） in the living room.Drop your weapons and put your hands up.Another supermarket has been put up near our house.I can’tput up with a lot of noisy people when I am working.The government is putting more money into education this year.As students, we should put our heart into studies.（21） send 短语：send away 让走开send for sb 派人去请某人，请某人来send in 寄送某处进行办理send out 差遣，发出（信号、通知等）send up 发射，射出，往上送send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉send signals by通过发送信号比如：Get back into bed. I end’forll sthe doctor.The ship is in danger; it is sending out an SOS signal.The rocket will be sent up tomorrow morning.（22） set 短语：set about (doing) sth 着手，开始set aside 留出，搁 /放在一边set down 放下，记下set off 出发，出发，惹起爆炸，激起，惹起set out (for ) 出发往（），出发去（）set out to do 开始做，着手做set up 创办，建立，创办，竖起，支起set /give a (good) example to为建立（好）楷模set a goal 设定目标set fire to sth = set sth on fire放火，放火烧set foot on / in踏上，到达，进入set one’s mind to do sth 一心想做set sail for 起航去set sail from从起航set sb a good example in在为某人建立楷模set sb free 开释某人，解放某人比如：As soon as she arrived, she set about tidying up （整理） the room.Try to set aside some time each day for exercise.They ’ve set off on a trip round the world.Together the four men set out to look for the lost animal.He set out to write a history of civilization（文明）.We’ll certainly set up a complete modern industrial system.A few scarecrows （稻草人） were set up in the field.Let’s set up the tent first, and build the fire later.The police are trying to find out who set fire to the building last night.He was set free after three years in prison.Comrade Lei Feng set a good example to us all.（23） stand 短语：stand for 代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/拥戴，为的候选人stand out 突出，惹眼stand up 起立，站起来stand still = stay still 站着不动比如：CPC stands for the Communist Party of China.Stand still, and let me take a picture of you.（24） take 短语：take after 与某人相像take along 率领，携带take apart = separate把分开take away 拿走，拿去，使走开take away from从带／拿走take back 退回，拿回，回收take down 拿下，记下，记录take for看作，误认为是take in 汲取，采纳，受骗take off （飞机）腾飞，脱掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，开始流行/热销take on 体现take out 取出，取出take over 继承，接收，接替take up 从事，开始，专注于，占去（时间、空间、地位等）take a bank loan 向银行贷款take a bath 洗浴take a chance / chances 试运气，冒险take a critical attitude towards对持批评态度take a few deep breaths 深呼吸take / have a degree in 获得学位take a hands-on approach to education 经过着手实践的方式来进行接受教育take a message (to sb) （给某人）捎个口信比较： leave a message (to sb) （给某人）留个口信take a photo (of ) （给）照相，拍（）照片take a risk / risks 冒险take a shower 洗浴，洗浴take a sip 呡一小口take a taxi to... = go to ...by taxi 乘出租车take a walk / ride / holiday 漫步／兜风／休假take (an) interest in对感兴趣（比较： be into = be interested in 对感兴趣have / show interest in 对感兴趣）take advantage of 对加以利用takeby surprise对突然侵袭，出乎预料take care 当心 , 注意take care of 照顾，照看take effect 见效，见效take exercise 运动，活动takefor example 以为例take / get / catch hold of 握住，抓住take it easy 放心好了，别焦急，冷静，不紧张take ... into consideration 顾及，考虑到，谅解（比较： under consideration 在考虑中，在研究中）take lessons 上课take notes 做笔录，做记录take notice of 注意take one ’ s seat就座，坐在自己位子上（转义为任职）take one ’times 冷静，不急，慢慢行动[ 比较： take time 花销（时间） ]take part 参加（比较： take part in = join in= participate in参加take an active part in踊跃参加）take place 发生，出现，举行[ 比较： take the place of = take sb’s place 取代，取代（某人的地点）]。