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Unit 1> Caring for Our EarthPassage A（三）、1.Answer: A tree frog has taken up residence in my studio.Answer: He stopped and turned around and just sat there looking at me.2.Answer: Possibly the tone of my computer sounded to him like other treefrogs.3.Answer: Frogs were dying around the world.Answer: Frogs were being found whose skin was like paper.Answer: Frogs are an “indicator species”.4.Answer: The frogs have a message for us.Answer: We must be the adults for the planet.Answer: There are no boundaries, that there is no more time.（四）、Answer: greenhouse residence communicate wired humming message sensitivity indicator（五）、Answer: 1. d 2. a 3. b 4. e 5. c 1. tone threatening 2. sensitivity smell 3. affected climate 4. tap resources 5. concerns environment（六）、Answer: 1. subtle 2. were overtaken 3. species 4. decades 5. boundaries 6. audio 7. directly 8. focus 9. tone 10. cupped（七）、Answer: 1. at that rate 2. For the sake of 3. come to 4. by hand 5. vice versa （八）、1. 年轻人有时会抱怨无法和父母沟通。
A无名英雄：职业父亲意味着什么？在我们的孪生女儿出生后的第一次“约会”时，我和丈夫一起去看了一部名为《玩具故事》的电影。
我们很喜欢这部片子，但随后我丈夫问道：“父亲在哪儿呢？”起初我还认为因为一个小小的失误而批评一部很吸引人的家庭影片似乎是太偏狭了。
可后来越想越觉得这一疏忽太严重了。
父亲不仅没有出现，他甚至没有被提到——尽管家中有婴儿，说明他不可能离开太长时间。
影片给人的感觉是，父亲出现与否似乎是个极次要的细节，甚至不需要做任何解释。
新闻媒体倾向于把父亲的边缘化，这只是一个例子，它反映了在美国发生的巨大的社会变化。
大卫?布兰肯霍恩在《无父之国》一书中将这种倾向称之为“无需父亲”观念。
职业母亲（我想这应是与无职业母亲相对而言的）奋斗的故事从媒体上无尽无休地轰击着我们。
与此同时，媒体上绝大多数有关父亲的故事又集中表现暴力的丈夫或没出息的父亲。
看起来似乎父亲惟一值得人们提及的时候是因为他们做家务太少而受到指责的时候（我怀疑这一说法的可靠性，因为“家务”的定义中很少包括打扫屋顶的雨水沟、给汽车换机油或其它一些典型地由男人们做的事），或者是在他们去世的时候。
当布兰肯霍恩先生就“顾家的好男人”一词的词义对父亲们进行调查时，许多父亲都回答这一词语只有在葬礼上听到。
这种“无需父亲”综合症的一个例外是家庭全职父亲所受到的媒体的赞扬。
我并非暗指这些家庭全职父亲作出的承诺不值得人们的支持，我只是想指出在实际生效的双重标准：家庭全职父亲受到人们的赞扬，而家庭全职母亲和养家活口的父亲，所得到文化上的认同却很少，甚至完全得不到。
我们用来讨论父亲角色（即没出息的父亲）的话语本身就显示出人们对大多数男人默默无闻而自豪地履行对家庭承担的责任缺乏赏识。
我们几乎从来没听到“职业父亲”这一说法，在人们呼吁应该考虑给予工作者在工作地点上更大的灵活性时，很少有人认为这种呼吁不但适用于女子，同样也适应于男子。
我们这个社会表现出似乎家庭职责对父亲来说并不象对母亲那么重要——似乎事业上的满足就是男人生活的全部。
Mary: Jack, ____ this weekend to take George to the zoo?Jack : I’m sorry, Mary. ____ . But...Mary: Please, Jack, don’t tell me you are busy again this weekend. You are always ____ your work, never-ending work. ____ think about your son and me?Jack : I do. You should know, Mary, what I’m working for. I’m trying my best to____ to support the family. Mary, you know, it’s getting difficult to make ends meet.Mary: Yes, you’re ____ . And I know you’re a very successful manager. But Jack, you have to admit that you are not a devoted father.Jack : That’s... that’s unfair, Mary. It really hurts me when you say that.Mary: It seems to me that all you really care about is your career I mean, you don’t show enough concern for my career or the education of our son.Jack : ____, Mary? I do care about you and our son. But the problem is I...I just don’t have enough time to take care of the family. I feel really awful. To be honest, I’d rather you stay at home to be a full-time house wife, so...Mary: No, no way. I wou ldn’t____ .Jack : All right, all right, let’s talk about it later.Answer:①is it possible for you to spare some time ②I wish I could. ③busy with④Why don’t you⑤earn more money ⑥trying your best⑦What do you mean ⑧give up my career for anythingQuiz for Unit 1I. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the phrases or expressions given below. Change the form where necessary.1. Whenever a big company ________ a small one, the product almost always gets worse.2. This article ________ more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign language teaching and learning.3. Richard doesn’t think he could ever ________ what is called “free-style”poetry.4. Bob was completely ________ by th e robber’s disguise.5. Without proper lessons, you could ________ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.6. Please ________ your disgraceful conduct.7. Don’t allow pleasure to ________ duty.8. You must ________ at the airport an hour before your plane leaves.9. Electric power can be ________ the sunwarmed surface waters of the ocean.10. I don’t ________ going for a walk now.II. Choose the best that completes the sentences.1. You ________ our case very convincingly. The jurors were clearly impressed.A. representedB. presentedC. promotedD. probed2. They rented the old house on the ________ that the landlord would paint it.A. assumptionB. impressionC. successionD. suggestion3. The man who murdered his wife was ________ by shooting, according to law.A. punishedB. executedC. arrestedD. captured4. If someone asks for ________, he is asking you for something such as a driving license, passport, or identity card, which proves who you are.A. inclinationB. imitationC. ingredientD. identification5. John makes the plans; Dick ________ them.A. doesB. executesC. carries outD. comes true6. The capital intended to broaden the export base and ________ efficiency gains from international trade was channeled instead into uneconomic import substitution.A. secureB. extendC. defendD. possess7. ________ the storm, the ship would have reached its destination on time.A. But forB. In spite ofC. In case ofD. Because of8．Crime is increasing worldwide, and there is every reason to believe the ________ will continue into the next decade.A. emergencyB. trendC. paceD. schedule9. Don’t let the child play with scissors ________ he cuts himself.A. in caseB. so thatC. now thatD. only if10. You would be ________ a risk to let your child go to school by himself.A. omittingB. attachingC. affordingD. running11. Although a teenager, Fred could resist ________ what to do and what not to do.A. being toldB. tellingC. to be toldD. to tell12. The energy ________ by the chain reaction is transformed into heat.A. transferredB. releasedC. deliveredD. conveyed13. I’ll never forget ________ for the first time.A. to meetB. meetingC. to have metD. having to be meeting14. ________ in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling $21,000.A. Judged the bestB. Judging the bestC. To be judged the bestD. Having judged the best15. ________ receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed, it is never admired.A. AsB. OnceC. AlthoughD. Lest16. So many directors ________, the board meeting had to be put off.A. were absentB. been absentC. had been absentD. being absent17. I was halfway back to the cottage where my mother lived ________ Susan caught up with me.A. sinceB. forC. asD. with18. No one had told Smith about ________ a lecture the following day.A. there beingB. there beC. there would beD. there was19. We hadn’t met for 20 years, but I recognized her ________ I saw her.A. for the momentB. the moment whenC. at the moment whenD. the moment20. Jack wishes that he ________ business instead of history when he was in university.A. had studiedB. studyC. studiedD. had been studyingIII. Answer the following questions with the information from the passage.PASSAGE 1It is hard to get any agreement on the precise meaning of the term“social class”. Ineveryday life, people tend to have a different approach to those they consider higher or lower than themselves in the social scale. Dress, way of speaking, area of residence in a given city or province, education and manners all play a part.In Greece, after the sixth-century B.C., there was a growing conflict between the peasants and the landed aristocrats, and a gradual decrease in the power of the aristocracy when a kind of “middle class”of traders and skilled workers grew up. The population of Athens, for example, was divided into three main classes which were politically and legally distinct. About one-third of the total were slaves, who did not count politically at all. The next main group consisted of resident foreigners, the“metics”, who were freemen, though they too were allowed no share in political life. The third group was the powerful body of “citizens”, who were themselves divided into subclasses.In the later Middle Ages, however, the development of a money economy and the growth of cities and trade led to the rise of another class, the“burghers”or city merchants and mayors. These were the predecessors of the modern middle class. This change affected the towns more than the country areas, where remnants of feudalism lasted much longer.1. List at least three common criteria for telling a person’s social position.2. Slaves in Greece in the sixth century B.C. were not ______ significant.3. The metics, one of the three classes of Greece, consisted mainly of ________.4. What did the development of a money economy and the growth of trade lead to?PASSAGE 2Electronic books could revolutionize reading, but people ought to consider their far-reaching impacts as well. “The e-book promises to wreak a slow havoc on life as we know it,”Jason Ohler, professor of technology assessment, university of Alaska Southeast In Juneau, warned the World Future Society, Bethesda, Md. His assessment weighed the pros and cons (赞成和反对的理由) of e-book technology’s impact on social relationships, the environment, the economy, etc. Before you curl up（蜷曲）with an e-book, consider the disadvantages.They increase eyestrain due to poor screen resolution, replace a relatively cheap commodity with a more expensive one, and displace workers in print book production and traditional publishing. E-books make it easy to share data, thereby threatening copyright agreements and reducing compensation of authors, as well as creating nonbiodegradable（不可生物降解）trash.On the other hand, e-books save paper and trees, reduce the burden of the carrying and storing of printed books, promote self-sufficiency in learning, and make reading a collaborative experience online. They also create new jobs for writers and artists and encourage self-publishing.In final analysis, Ohler points out, e-books should gain society’s approval if a few conditions are met: make them biodegradable and recyclable, solve the problem of eye fatigue, be sure the “have-nots”get the technology, and support e-book training in schools and business.1. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?A. To draw people’s attention to the disadvantages of e-booksB. To call on people to reject E-booksC. To criticize schools and business that don’t provide e-booksD. To encourage people to use e-books2. What is Jason Ohler’s attitude towards e-books?A. PositiveB. IndifferentC. CautiousD. Suspicious3. In what sense do e-books exert a negative impact on the environment?A. They are unable to be broken down into harmless products.B. They consume a lot of natural resources.C. They produce harmful gases.D. They are capable of being reused.4. What is e-books’ negative impact on social relationships？A. They create new jobs only for writers.B. Fewer and fewer people have access to new technology.C. They may threaten some traditional trades.D. They isolate people from one another.5. What does Ohler suggest regarding the use of e-books?A. The society should ensure the poor have access to the technology.B. The society should ban the use of e-books if they cannot reduce eye fatigue.C. The society should approve of the use of e-books if they are made recyclable.D. The schools should solve the present problems of e-books.PASSAGE 3When they marry, husbands and wives have well-developed health histories and well-established congenital (天生的) and developmental propensities（嗜好）toward good and ill health. Substantial research suggests that, given the existing health propensity and health condition of an individual at a particular time, his or her probability of better or worse future health is affected by a variety of socially mediated factors that are subject to influence or manipulation by his or her spouse.Spouses can promote each other’s health by ameliorating （改善）psychological stress. A substantial literature develops strong evidence that psychological stress causes illness, increases mortality risk, and serves as an important mechanism that links socioeconomic characteristics to health and mortality. Stress-reducing mechanisms include removal of sources of stress, and management of stress by talking about it to a trusted other person, psychiatric treatment, physical exercise, recreation and other means. A spouse can provide or encourage all of these stress-reducing behaviors.Spouses also can promote each other’s health by providing eac h other with supportive social contact, and they can facilitate or inhibit each other’s social contact with supportive others. Evidence suggests that health is greatly advanced by supportive social contacts, including positive interaction with relatives, friends, coworkers and acquaintances. Recent experimental data shows that persons with more diverse social networks are more resistant to experimentally introduced upper respiratory (呼吸的)viruses than persons with less diverse social networks.Spouses can also promote each other’s health by providing each other with money income, and they can help each other manage money income effectively. Money does not buy health directly, but it can be used to purchase goods and services that make good health more likely. These goods and services include nutritious food, a hygienic and safe environment, medical care, and amenities that reduce psychological stress. Unless estranged or unusually wealthy, husbands and wives almost always share their financial resources and purchases and consume many of these health-promoting goods and services jointly. In short, there are many ways in which spouses can influence each other’s probability of good health.1. What is the passage mainly about?A. How can spouses promote each other’s health.B. The spouse’s probability of future healthC. Effects of spouse’s employment and hours of work on each other’s health.D. Spouses influence each other in various ways.2. According to the author, what is the most effective way for the husband to reduce psychological stress?A. to talk to other person.B. to go to see psychiatrist.C. to enjoy.D. to talk with his wife.3. Which one is the suitable summary of paragraph 1?A. Spouse’s influence is of vital importance to each other’s health.B. Spouse’s influence has nothing to do with health.C. Healthy spouses will remain health after their marriage.D. There are a variety of socially mediated factors.4. How can money make good health?A. Money can buy health directly.B. Spouses can manage money income effectively.C. Money can provide spouses with goods and services, which is likely to make good health.D. Husbands and wives share everything.5. Which of the following is likely to make spouses in ill health?A. Positive interaction with relatives.B. Appropriate physical exercise.C. Few social networks.D. Nutritious food.IV. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. Don’t make a fuss about such a small thing bec ause that is the last thing I expected.2. Something shiny in the grass caught my eye.3. If you have not signed a contract, you are under no obligation to pay them any money.4. Will their good intentions become realities or hollow promises?5. The manufacturer will have to repair that watch free of charge - it's still under guarantee.V. Translate the following sentences into English.1. 有些父母选购神童故事给孩子看，希望孩子将来有一天会出人头地。
Unit 1无名英雄：职业父亲意味着什么？在我们的孪生女儿出生后的第一次“约会”时，我和丈夫一起去看了一部名为《玩具故事》的电影。
我们很喜欢这部片子，但随后我丈夫问道：“父亲在哪儿呢？”起初我还认为因为一个小小的失误而批评一部很吸引人的家庭影片似乎是太偏狭了。
可后来越想越觉得这一疏忽太严重了。
父亲不仅没有出现，他甚至没有被提到——尽管家中有婴儿，说明他不可能离开太长时间。
影片给人的感觉是，父亲出现与否似乎是个极次要的细节，甚至不需要做任何解释。
新闻媒体倾向于把父亲的边缘化，这只是一个例子，它反映了在美国发生的巨大的社会变化。
大卫?布兰肯霍恩在《无父之国》一书中将这种倾向称之为“无需父亲”观念。
职业母亲（我想这应是与无职业母亲相对而言的）奋斗的故事从媒体上无尽无休地轰击着我们。
与此同时，媒体上绝大多数有关父亲的故事又集中表现暴力的丈夫或没出息的父亲。
看起来似乎父亲惟一值得人们提及的时候是因为他们做家务太少而受到指责的时候（我怀疑这一说法的可靠性，因为“家务”的定义中很少包括打扫屋顶的雨水沟、给汽车换机油或其它一些典型地由男人们做的事），或者是在他们去世的时候。
当布兰肯霍恩先生就“顾家的好男人”一词的词义对父亲们进行调查时，许多父亲都回答这一词语只有在葬礼上听到。
这种“无需父亲”综合症的一个例外是家庭全职父亲所受到的媒体的赞扬。
我并非暗指这些家庭全职父亲作出的承诺不值得人们的支持，我只是想指出在实际生效的双重标准：家庭全职父亲受到人们的赞扬，而家庭全职母亲和养家活口的父亲，所得到文化上的认同却很少，甚至完全得不到。
我们用来讨论父亲角色（即没出息的父亲）的话语本身就显示出人们对大多数男人默默无闻而自豪地履行对家庭承担的责任缺乏赏识。
我们几乎从来没听到“职业父亲”这一说法，在人们呼吁应该考虑给予工作者在工作地点上更大的灵活性时，很少有人认为这种呼吁不但适用于女子，同样也适应于男子。
我们这个社会表现出似乎家庭职责对父亲来说并不象对母亲那么重要——似乎事业上的满足就是男人生活的全部。
大学体验英语综合教程基础目标上册第四版Unit 1 Text A我在哈佛的第一周新生迈进哈佛校园的第一天，据说总是令人兴高采烈，激动不已。
这的确也是我来到哈佛第一天的真实写照。
父母陪着我开车驶过主校门进入校园时，那柔和的阳光透过绿树间隙照射在具有历史意义的砖墙建筑物上。
沾满晨露的绿草在阳光下闪闪发光。
我凝视着车窗外面的迷人景色，自忖“最幸运的新生不过如此了！”我们来到了卡纳迪公寓—我的宿舍楼。
我和四个女孩同住在四室一厅的套房里。
这个套房在顶楼，天花板很高，上面有天窗。
从卡纳迪公寓到餐厅和上课的教室，都只需要两分钟的路程。
我很喜欢自己的室友。
我们各自的背景、种族、宗教信仰和兴趣爱好都完全不同。
这也反映出哈佛引以为豪的“多样性”。
第一周，幸亏有这样四个可称为朋友的女孩相伴，帮助我顺利度过了到哈佛后的这段调整适应期。
这一周有许多重要的抉择需要我来做，而没有父母和好友的帮助，有时我会感到十分艰难。
选课是第一步。
在哈佛，新生唯一的必修课是说明文写作。
这一年，我实际上可以选修我想学的任何课程，而且课程的门类出奇地多！我该如何选择呢?庆幸的是哈佛允许新生在“选课周”里到课堂试听。
上课时间和平时一样，我们可以试听任何想选修的课程，多少不限。
如果我最后决定选修某一门课程，我就要完成“选课周”里布置的所有功课。
另外，如果我试听了一门选课表上看似很好的课程，却发现这门课并不适合我，或教授讲课枯燥乏味，我可以决定不选修这门课！同样艰难的是在众多的运动队、出版社团、乐队、戏剧社或俱乐部中做出选择。
到底该参加哪一个呢?在哈佛，就餐肯定也是新生最关注的事情之一。
不仅是一日三餐吃什么——吃的都是美味。
更值得一提的是就餐的环境真的很好。
我们的餐厅更像是一个教堂或博物馆。
桌子、椅子、地板、墙壁，还有高高的天花板都是用华丽的深色木料制作的，油漆得精光锃亮。
而且，大厅里悬挂着枝形吊灯，墙上镶嵌着明亮的彩色玻璃窗，厅里到处可见哈佛历史名人的雕塑和画像。
Unit 1> Caring for Our EarthPassage A（三）、1.Answer: A tree frog has taken up residence in my studio.Answer: He stopped and turned around and just sat there looking at me.2.Answer: Possibly the tone of my computer sounded to him like other treefrogs.3.Answer: Frogs were dying around the world.Answer: Frogs were being found whose skin was like paper.Answer: Frogs are an “indicator species”.4.Answer: The frogs have a message for us.Answer: We must be the adults for the planet.Answer: There are no boundaries, that there is no more time.（四）、Answer: greenhouse residence communicate wired humming message sensitivity indicator（五）、Answer: 1. d 2. a 3. b 4. e 5. c 1. tone threatening 2. sensitivity smell 3. affected climate 4. tap resources 5. concerns environment（六）、Answer: 1. subtle 2. were overtaken 3. species 4. decades 5. boundaries 6. audio 7. directly 8. focus 9. tone 10. cupped（七）、Answer: 1. at that rate 2. For the sake of 3. come to 4. by hand 5. vice versa（八）、1. 年轻人有时会抱怨无法和父母沟通。
翻译Unit 11、随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。
(take on)With his promotion, he has taken on greater responsibilities.3、闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物，也她相反，露西却喜欢待在家里看书。
(as opposed to)Mary likes to go shopping in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy, who prefers to stay at home reading.5、我们已尽全力想说服他，但是却毫无进展。
(strive,make no headway)We have striven to the full to convince him, but we have made no headway.Unit 21、宪法规定公民享有言论自由。
（provide for）The Constitution provides for citizen’s freedom of speech.3、我们早在会阅读之前就已经掌握了一些词汇。
(long before)We have learned some words long before we can read.5、新税法不是要惩罚富人，而是要给穷人以公平和机会。
(rather)The new tax law is not to punish the rich. Rather it is to bring justice and opportunity to the poor.Unit41、我爷爷虽然70岁了，但他的爱好广泛，从下国际象棋到爬山，多种多样。
(range from ... to)My grandfather’s interests range from playing chess to climbing mountains although he is 70 years old.3、他大公无私的精神和天赋使他适合担当大多数学生梦想得到的那项工作。
