专业英语-专业英语四级听力模拟题33.doc

专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷33(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 5. READING COMPREHENSIONPART V READING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.People traveling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land, sea, or air. Hardly can anyone positively enjoy sitting in a train for more than a few hours. Train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy. Reading is only a partial solution, for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep. During the day, sleep comes in snatches. At night, when you really wish to go to sleep you rarely manage to do so. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted. Long car journey are even less pleasant, for it is quite impossible even to read. On motorways you can, at least, travel fairly safely at high speeds, but more often than not, the greater part of the journey is spent on narrow, bumpy roads which are crowded with traffic. By comparison, trips by sea offer a great variety of civilized comforts. You can stretch your legs on the spacious decks, play games, swim, meet interesting people and enjoy good food—always assuming, of course, that the sea is calm. If it is not, and you are likely to get seasick; no form of transport could be worse. Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time. Relatively few people are prepared to sacrifice up to a third of their holidays for the pleasure of traveling on a ship. Airplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and expensive. But nothing can match them for speed and comfort. Traveling at a height of 30,000 feet, far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exhilarating experience. For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. The real escapist can watch a free film show and sip champagne on some services. But even when such refinements are not available, there is plenty to keep you occupied. An airplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world. You soar effortlessly over high mountains and deep valleys. You really see the shape of the land. If the landscape is hidden from the view, you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains that stretch out for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled.1．The author indicates that reading can help lessenA．the boredom of being in the train.B．the tiresome clicking of the wheels.C．the sleeplessness during the journey.D．the poor ventilation of the compartment.正确答案：A解析：第1段第4句表明阅读is a partial solution，这表明阅读有助于解决一些问题，而该段第2句和第3句都提到的坐长途火车会让人觉得烦闷，由此可见，本题答案应为A。

大学英语专业四级考试模拟试卷PART ⅠDICTATION1、Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.TouchingTactile communication is the use of touch in communication.PART ⅡLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.Car Safety1. The focal point of the project: Road Ragee.g. A man hit the driver who had 2 him earlier2. Findings of the survey93% experienced road rage, including 3 had their cars damaged and 79% were being shouted at15% been hit—police only dealt physical violence3. 4 adopted to ensure safetyget key ready before 5 the carleave room for 6lock doors all the time4. Self-protection skills when rage happenspolice interference:—Maryland: hefty 7 as the front line—California: an automated system to 8 the license plateseffective approach: apology—If the driver 9 , the road rager would drop the matter.—If the careless drivers looked 10 , the road rager would teach them a lesson.how to make an apology in the car: a "SORRY" sign—The potential 11 smile when drivers raise a "SORRY" sign to them.SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choicesof A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to the conversations.CONVERSATION ONE12、A. The mechanical operation of the body. B. The absence of disease or illness.C. Physical, mental and social well-being.D. Clean water, improved sanitation and housing.13、A. In the late 1940s. B. In the 1970s. C. In the late 1980s. D. In the 1990s.14、 A. Supportive. B. Prejudiced. C. Negative. D. Confused.15、A. In 1980. B. In 1986. C. In 1990. D. In 1996.16、A. Education. B. Sustainable resources.C. Insurance.D. Social justice and equity.CONVERSATION TWO17、A. On the phone. B. In the street.C. In the man's office.D. In the woman's office.18、A. They didn't arrive on time.B. They were all moldy and eaten by bugs.C. 50% of the moldy mushrooms were eaten by bugs.D. Some were half-eaten by bugs and 20% were moldy.19、A. It was not authoritative and the survey result is obscure.B. The mushrooms were not completely moldy before packing.C. The external conditions of goods at the time of survey were all good.D. The mushrooms were not up to the standard for export.20、A. A random selection of 20% of the mushrooms.B. A thorough check of all the mushrooms.C. Full compensation for any loss.D. Free freight.21、A. The man's company. B. The woman's company.C. The insurance company.D. The underwriter.PART ⅢLANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question.22、Which of the italicized parts expresses a future tense? ______A. My friend teaches Chemistry in a school.B. I'll give it to you after I return.C. What is the matter with you?D. London stands on the River Thames.23、China, as a developing country, should speed up her ______ developmentand improve the people's life level.A. economicalB. economyC. economicD. economics24、Grandfather had sustained a broken back while working in the mines. ______, he spent the rest of his life in a wheelchair.A. ConsequentlyB. LogicallyC. VariablyD. Doubtfully25、Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Ten dollars is not a large sum of money.B. Statistics are a branch of mathematics.C. All the sheep were grazing on the hillside.D. Measles is an infectious disease.26、Everybody understands that the possibility always exists that the world champion may cheat in the game. The italicized part functions as a (n) ______ in the sentence.A. appositive(同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement27、If the building project ______ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.A. to be completedB. is completedC. being completedD. completed28、The employers prepared, with all due ______, for a conference with the Trade Unions.A. cautionB. concernC. certaintyD. consideration29、Many of them are ______ of the original settlers.A. descendantsB. forefathersC. ancestorsD. masters30、Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object? ______A. He wants to tell us when he will leave.B. It has been decided when, the meeting will be held.C. What I want to know is when you can finish the experiment.D. I have no idea when she will be back.31、"I don't have any money with me. Do you?" he asked.He said ______.A. he didn't have any money with him and asked me if I hadB. he doesn't have any money with him and I doC. he didn't have any money with and asked me if I doD. he didn't have money and asked me32、There is no ______ in the world for her children.A. love greater than a motherB. love greater than that of a motherC. love greater as a motherD. great love as that of a mother33、Professor Smith and Professor Brown will ______ in presenting the series of lectures on American literature.A. alterB. alternateC. substituteD. exchange34、The boy has admitted to ______ the window while playing football yesterday.A. breakingB. having been brokenC. breakD. be breaking35、When she arrived at the office, Mr. Smith______, so they had only time for a few words.A．had gone away B．was just going awayC．just went away D．has just gone away36、A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought ______ by the destruction of the rainforests.A. aboutB. backC. upD. forward37、Jack ______ out very early, for he had not shown up at breakfast.A. could have goneB. must have goneC. ought to have goneD. should have gone38、Which of the italicized parts indicates CONDITION AND RESULT?A. Just take a look at that fellow and you'll get sick.B. He has a somewhat swelled head, and I don't like this.C. You can draw a horse in five minute, and you kept me waiting for an hour.D. She has lent us one of her new books, and the latest one in her collection.39、Paper produced every year is four times ______ the weight of the world's production of vehicles.A. /B. that ofC. whichD. of40、Man's never-stopping ______ for knowledge continues to widen our understanding of the earth's atmosphere.A. requestB. questC. investigationD. research41、A hibernating animal needs hardly any food all through the winter, ______?A. need itB. needn't itC. does itD. doesn't itPART ⅣCLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.A. forB. onC. stressD. profitsE. madeF. connectionG. takeH. indicatingI. benefitsJ. sufficientK. efficient L. habits M. as N. improved O. emphasizing In the recent past, medical research have shown that heart disease is associated with certain factors in our day-to-day lives: with stress, with smoking, with poor nutrition, and with a lack of exercise.Doctors and other health experts have been 42 the fact that we can often reduce the risk of heart disease by paying more attention to these factors.More and more people are realizing that there is a 43 between heart disease and the way they live. As a result of this new awareness, attitudes towards health are changing. In the past, people tend to think that it was 44 for good health to have a good doctor who could be relied on to know exactly what to dowhen they become ill. Now they are realizing that merely receiving the best treatment 45 illness and injury is not enough. They are learning that they must 46 more responsibility for their own health.Today many people are changing their dietary 47 and eating food with less fat and cholesterol. Many are paying more attention to reducing 48 in their lives. The number of smokers in the US is now far below the level of a lot of years ago 49 many people succeed in breaking the habit and as fewer people take it up.More and more are aware of the 50 of regular exercise like walking, running or swimming, some have begun to walk or ride bicycles to work instead of driving. Millions have become members of health clubs and have 51 health club one of the fastest growing businesses in the US today.And now the beneficial effects of these changing attitudes and behaviors are beginning to appear: an encouraging decrease in deaths from heart disease.PART ⅤREADING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE"There is very little in my life that is more personal and more important to me than comets." The amateur astronomer David H. Levy told Terence Dickinson in an interview. "Not just discovering them but watching them, learning about them, writing about them, understanding what they do. It makes observing the sky intensely personal. I feel when I find a new comet that a door has been opened and I have seen a slightly new aspect of nature. There is this object in the solar system that —for a few minutes or a few hours—only I know about. It is like trying to pry a secret out of nature. It is a very special feeling."Ever since he was a child, David Levy has been fascinated by the night sky and the wonders it reveals to devoted watchman. He developed a special feeling for comets before he reached his teens, though it was not until 1984—after nineteen years and more than nine hundred hours of combing the sky in search of them—that he discovered his first one, from a small observatory that he had built in his backyard.Since then, he has discovered or co-discovered twenty more, making him one of the world's most important comet hunters. His most celebrated find is periodic comet Shoemaker Levy 9, which he made with the husband-and-wife comet and asteroid hunting team Eugene and Carolyn Shoemaker. The comet's dramatic collision with Jupiter in July 1994, which constituted "the greatest planetary show in recorded history", to quote Malcolm W. Browne of the New York Times, captivated not only professional astronomers, but many amateurs. Although he is "only" an amateur astronomer, he earns his living by lecturing and writing books and by working with project artists. They're projects devoted to introducing astronomy toelementary school children. He has won tremendous respect from his professional colleagues for his success in tracking comets. "David Levy is one of those rare individuals blessed with the gift of discovery," David Hartsel, who serves on the board of directors of the Richland Astronomical Society, in Ohio, has said. "Even rarer is his ability to let others share in the excitement and wonder of those discoveries through his writing and lectures."PASSAGE TWOBeing a man has always been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal of male mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girls do. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, another chance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of a baby (particularly a boy baby) surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram too light or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost no difference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent of evolution has gone.There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children. Few people are as fertile as in the past. Except in some religious communities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays the number of births, like the age of death, has become average. Most of us have roughly the same number of offspring. Again, differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished. India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the great cities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. The grand mediocrity of today—everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring—means that natural selection has lost 80 percent of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribes.For us, this means that evolution is over; the biological Utopia has arrived. Strangely, it has involved little physical change. No other species fills so many places in nature. But in the past 100,000 years—even the past 100 years—our lives have been transformed but our bodies have not. We did not evolve, because machines and society did it for us. Darwin had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution: They "look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond his comprehension". No doubt we will remember a 20th century way of life beyond comprehension for its ugliness. But however amazed our descendants may be at how far from Utopia we were, they will look just like us.PASSAGE THREEBy far the most common difficulty in study is simple failure to get down to regular concentrated work. This difficulty is much greater for those who do not work for a plan and have no regular routine of study. Many students muddle along, doing a bit of this subject or that, as the mood takes them, or letting their set work pile up until the last possible moment.Few students work to a set timetable. They say that if they did construct a timetable for themselves they would not keep to it, or would have to alter itconstantly, since they can never predict from one day to the next what their activities will be.No doubt some temperaments take much more kindly to a regular routine than others. There are many who shy away from the self-regimentation of a weekly timetable, and dislike being tied down to a definite program of work. Many able students claim that they work in cycles. When they become interested in a topic they work on it intensively for three or four days at a time. On other days, they avoid work completely. It has to be confessed that we do not fully understand the complexities of the motivation to work. Most people over 25 years of age have become conditioned to a work routine, and the majority of really productive workers set aside regular hours for the more important aspects of their work. The "tough-minded" school of workers is usually very contemptuous of the idea that good work can only be done spontaneously, under the influence of inspiration.Those who believe that they need only work and study as the fit takes them have a mistaken belief either in their own talent or in the value of "freedom". Freedom from restraint and discipline leads to unhappiness rather than to "self-expression" or "personality development". Our society insists on regular habits, time keeping and punctuality, and whether we like it or not, if we mean to make our way in society we have to comply with its demands.PASSAGE FOUREven just a degree or two of greenhouse warming will have a dramatic impact on water resources across western North America. Teams who have modeled the climate in the area are warning of greatly reduced snow packs and more intense flooding as temperatures inch up during the 21st century.It's the first time that global climate modelers have worked so closely with teams running detailed regional models of snowfall, rain and stream flows to predict exactly what warming will do to the area. The researchers, from the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado, and elsewhere, were surprised by the size of the effect generated by only a small rise in temperature.Assuming business as usual emissions, greenhouse gases will warm the west coast of North America by just one or two degrees Celsius over the next century, and average precipitation won't change much. But in the model, warmer winters raised the snowline, drastically reducing the crucial mountain snow pack, the researchers told the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco. "We realized that huge areas of the snow pack in the Sierra went down to 15 percent of today's values," says Michael Dettinger, a research hydrologist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, California. That caught everyone's attention.The researchers also predict that by the middle of the century, melting snow will cause streams to reach their annual peak flow up to a month earlier. And with warm rains melting snow or drenching already saturated ground, the risk of extreme floods will rise dramatically. We have to believe in these very warm, very wet storms, says Andrew Wood, a water resources modeler at the University of Washington, Seattle."Since dams can't be filled until the risk of flooding is past, the models predictthey will trap just 70 to 85 percent as much run-off as they do now. This is a particular problem for California, where agriculture, industry, a burgeoning population and environmental needs already clash over limited water supplies. We are taking this extremely seriously," says Jonas Minton, deputy director of the California Department of Water Resources.And observations certainly back up the models. Minton points out that an increasing percentage of California's precipitation over recent decades is falling as rain rather than snow. And Iris Stewart, a climate researcher at the University of California, San Diego, has found that in the last 50 years, run-off peaks in the western US and Canada have been happening earlier and earlier. The cause seems to be a region-wide trend towards warmer winters and springs.Dettinger has little doubt that the models point to a real and immediate problem. "It's upon us," he says, "and it's not clear what the fix is."52、The primary purpose of this passage is to ______.(PASSAGE ONE)A. praise Levy for his contribution to the observation of cometsB. show that an amateur can do things as well as a professionalC. introduce David Levy as an astronomer and his professionD. demonstrate that strong interest can help a person succeed in his life53、All of the following are suggested in this passage as reasons for Levy's success EXCEPT that ______.(PASSAGE ONE)A. he had books and articles published on astronomyB. he worked on projects intended to introduce astronomyC. he was endowed with the gift of the discovery of cometsD. he was highly praised by his colleagues for his unselfishness54、David Hartsel most appreciates Levy's ______.(PASSAGE ONE)A. gifted ability of comet huntingB. way of expressing himselfC. curiosity to the sky and cometsD. spirit of devotion to astronomy55、What does the example of India illustrate?(PASSAGE TWO)A. Wealthy people tend to have fewer children than poor people.B. Natural selection hardly works among the rich and the poor.C. The middle class population is 80 percent smaller than that of the tribes.D. India is one of the countries with a very high birth rate.56、The author argues that our bodies have stopped evolving because ______.(PASSAGE TWO)A. life has been improved by technological advanceB. the number of female babies has been decliningC. our species has reached the highest stage of evolutionD. the difference between wealth and poverty is disappearing57、Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?(PASSAGE TWO)A. Sex Ratio Changes in Human EvolutionB. Ways of Continuing Man's EvolutionC. The Evolutionary Future of NatureD. Human Evolution Going Nowhere58、The following are reasons to explain why many students do not work to a fixed schedule EXCEPT that ______.(PASSAGE THREE)A. they cannot keep to a timetableB. they can never foresee what their activities will beC. they are not competent to construct a timetableD. they will change their timetable frequently59、Which of the following statements is true according to Paragraph 3 of the passage?(PASSAGE THREE)A. The motivation to work is too complex to be fully understood.B. Few productive workers set aside fixed hours for important work.C. Temperaments do not influence workers' keeping to a routine.D. Many capable students avoid working in cycles when studying various topics.60、Researchers predict all of the following EXCEPT that ______.(PASSAGE FOUR)A. a small rise in temperature will procure disasterB. greenhouse gases will warm the west coast of North America by one or two degreesC. melting snow will give rise to streams and make them reach their annual peak earlierD. dams will trap just 70 to 85 percent as much run-off as they do now61、What kind of phenomenon caught everyone's attention?(PASSAGE FOUR)A. Average precipitation.B. Greenhouse gases.C. Decreasing snow pack in Sierra.D. The increase of the snowline.62、SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in SECTION A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.According to the passage, when did Levy achieve his fame?(PASSAGE ONE)63、What used to be the danger of being a man according to the first paragraph?(PASSAGE TWO)64、What is the author's opinion on freedom without discipline?(PASSAGE THREE)65、What is the meaning of the word "burgeoning" in the fifth paragraph?(PASSAGE FOUR)66、What does the passage mainly tell us?(PASSAGE FOUR)PART ⅥWRITING67、Read carefully the following excerpt, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should:●summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then●comment on whether science and art education should be divided in high schoolYou should support yourself with information from the excerpt.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organizationand language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Separating no science and arts educationSince 2009, with the issue of the China's Medium and Long Term Education Reform and Development, there ushered in the heated discussion of "the necessity and the feasibility to abolish science and art division in high school".It heralded 2015-2016's Gaokao Reform in many provinces to drop the previous rigorous division of science and art like Shanxi, Changsha, Tianjing, Fujian... etc.The main reasons are as follows:The NPC Standing Committee member Zhu Yongxin said in an interview with Southern Weekend, "the severe of science and art does conspicuous damage to students' intelligence and knowledge." He also said that the previous education strategy stifled the potential of students by restricting them too early in science or art and they should be given choices until maturity.The headmaster of Guangxi TVU He Zubing, "there is definitive categorization in knowledge like science and art but life has no such categorization."According to a poll done by Southern Weekend, there is a pervasive prejudice of art education. The students in science are endeared while those in art are often snuffed at in everyday society.It is early for students to receive art-science separate education; students should learn art or science separately in college but not high school.答案:PART ⅠDICTATION1、[听力原文]TouchingTactile communication is the use of touch in communication./ Touch may be viewed as the most extreme form of invasion of personal space./ Nonetheless, touch is essential to our growth and development./ An insufficient amount of touching can result in health disorders such as allergies, speech problems and problems with symbolic recognition./ Researches have found that untouched babies and small children grow increasingly ill./Touch is one of the most powerful ways we have of communicating with others./ The pleasure touch causes originates in infancy./ For most people, touching is positive and enjoyable./ People who are comfortable with touch tend to be satisfied with themselves, their lives and their childhoods./ They are self-confident, assertive, display a socially acceptable self-presentation, and active rather than passive ways of dealing with problems./In most cultures, touch is associated with positive attitudes./ It is one of the clearest indications that we like and accept others and they like and accept us.PART ⅡLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK2、overtaken/surpassed[听力原文]Car SafetyWell, good afternoon. In today's session I will be sharing some of the findings of my project from last term. I had been interested and horrified by several newspaper reports on what people call "road rage". For example the famous incident of a man getting out of his car in a car park and hitting the driver of a van who had overtaken him earlier. So I decided to make this the focus of the project.For our research we depended mainly on talking to individuals, asking them questions rather than using written questionnaires. Well, we found 93% of respondents had had some kind of problem. A surprisingly large percentage—24% had their car damaged in some way, but the main type of incident was being shouted at—79% had experienced that. The police tended only to be informed when there was physical violence involved.So what strategies had people developed to ensure their own safety? We found that both sexes made the point that it's much safer to get keys out well in advance as you go towards your car. Men were very aware that muggers or whatever might be concealed behind the car. They also made the point that you should leave plenty of room when you park your car so you can make a quick getaway if you need to. Finally, locking doors at all times.Besides self-protection skills, when road rage does happen at the very moment, something needs to be done. Maryland, like many other states, is working on the problem by stepping up efforts to crack down on aggressive drivers. Hefty fines for dangerous drivers and speeders are on the front line against road rage. California is approaching the problem with technology. A new automated system being installed by the state automatically takes photographs of the license plates of vehicles that run red lights. It even captures accident scenes for police review. A key factor in reversing the process is an apology. A road rager can become upset because you accidentally cut in front of him or her, or for other reasons that were not intentional. Over 85% of road ragers said that they would drop the matter if the other "careless" driver simply apologized. Instead, road ragers claim, the "careless" driver seems to be unconcerned about what they just did and, therefore, needs to be taught a lesson. In a ear, only one method is effective in conveying an apology: A sign. We have found that it is very effective in warding off anger. In fact, many drivers actually smile when we raise a "SORRY" sign to them after we have accidentally done something wrong. We keep a "SORRY" sign in the map holder on the driver's door and the passenger's door. It could also be kept under the sun visor if it is fastened with a clip or rubber band so that it doesn't hit you in the face when the visor comes down.To sum up, I have described the phenomenon of road rage, explained the findings of the survey, and presented the strategies to ensure safety and self-protection skills. That's it for today.[解析] 细节题。

Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.of any country means the average person's share of the goods andThe “standard of living”　services the country produces. A country's standard of living, ____31_______, depends first and32 on its capacity to produce wealth. “Wealth” in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money 33 on things that money can buy: “goods” such as food and clothing,and “services” such as transport and “ __34 __ ” .A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of 35 have aneffect on one another. Wealth depends 36 a great extent upon a country's natural resources. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertilesoil and a 37 climate; other regions possess none of them.Next to natural resources 38 the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well39 as the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and 40wars, and 41 this and other reasons was 42 to develop her resources.43 and stable political conditions, and 44 _____ from foreign invasion,enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce morewealth than another country equally well 45 by nature but less well ordered.A country's standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced andconsumed 46 it own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through internationaltrade. 47 Britain's wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much lessif she had to depend only on 48 _ grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would 49wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity,be lacking. A country’s50 that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.31. A. however B. therefore C. nevertheless D. furthermore32. A. primary B. principal C. foremost D. uniquely33. A. or B. nor C. but D. except34. A. recreation B. enlightenment C. refreshment D. entertainment35. A. if B. them C. which D. that36. A. with B. for C. to D. on37. A. neutral B. favorabl C. virtuous D. marine38. A. comes B. come C. coming D. came39. A. off B. known C. done D. furnished40. A. military B. external C. contemporary D. domestic41. A. for B. because C. because of D. due to42. A. Impossible B. Incapable C. unable D. proficient43. A. Strong B. Sturdy C. Sound D. Robust44. A. liberty B. freedom C. prevention D. liberation45. A .assisted B. avenged C. rescued D. served46. A. with B. within C. near D. without47. A. In short B. For example C. firstly D. On one hand48. A. those B. what C. that D. it49. A. likely B. likewise C. certainly D. otherwise50. A. provided B. depended C. given D. supposedPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on your answer sheet.51. We often advise him not to drink more wine __________is good for his health.A. asB. thanC. thatD. but52. It is necessary that an efficient worker __________his work on time.A. accomplishesB. can accomplishC. accomplishD. has accomplished53. My father will be here tomorrow, but at first I thought that he __________ today.A. was comingB. is comingC. will comeD. come54. Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge__________ our thinking.A which to be based on B. which to be base uponC. upon which to baseD. to which to be based55. I didn't call to make my airline reservation, but I __________.A. should haveB. may haveC. must haveD. shall have_____?56. It’s the first time that she has been to the United States, _____A. isn't sheB. hasn't sheC. isn't itD. hasn't it57. I think that the labor bill will pass; it's ____________that it will.A. almost surelyB. very likelyC. near positiveD. quite certainly58. An increase in a nation's money supply, without an accompanying increase in economic activity, __________result in higher prices.A. tendsB. tends theC. tending toD. will tend to59. X-rays are able to pass through objects and thus make __________details that are otherwise impossible to observe.A. it visibleB. visiblyC. visibleD. they are visible60. Prices for bikes at that store run__________250 dollars.A. as high asB. as high toC. so high toD. so high as61. He will not be __________ to vote in this year's election.A. enough oldB. as old enoughC. old enoughD. enough old as62. Thomas Jefferson's achievements as an architect rival his contributions __________a politician.A. suchB. moreC. asD. than63. According to the conditions of my scholarship, after finishing my degree__________.A. my education will be employed by the universityB. employment will be given to me by the universityC. the university will employ meD. I will be employed by the university64. If Bob's wife won't agree to sign the papers, ____________.A. neither he willB. neither will heC. neither won't heD. he won't neither65. _____ is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.A. WhatB. ThatC. ItD. As66. A violent revolution having broken out, all the ports of that country were laid under a(n)______.A. boycottB. embargoC. embarkD. ban67. Since_________ can't work in the United States without a permit, so it is of great importancefor them to present their credentials to the government.A. emigrantsB. expatriatesC. migrantsD. immigrants68. Most investors are taught at the very beginning that there is no place for __________in investment markets.A. feelingB. emotionC. passionD. sentiment69. I__________ my ordinary income by doing some part-time work.A. complimentB. ComplementC. supplementD. implement70. Before the statue could be __________to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built.A. transformedB. transportedC. transferredD. transmitted71. The final document was, of course, supposed to mend the damage __________upon the world by the war,A. imposedB. impressedC. compelledD. compressed72. Roger, who __________in courage, is highly respected by all his peers in the villages.A. boundsB. possessesC. declaresD. abounds73. The tourists are told that the remotest village in this area is only_________ by a river.A. accessibleB. availableC. obtainableD. achievable74. He__________ interrupted me by asking irrelevant questions.A. continuallyB. continuouslyC. consistentlyD. constantly75. Being a man of _________ and public spirit. Mr. Russell labored zealously to advance the interest of the community and was much interested in bringing new manufacturing interests to Waterloo.A. firmB. enterpriseC. companyD. corporation76. When people do things wrong we should try hard to forgive them, as the idiom goes, “To ______ is human.”A. referB. conferC. deferD. err77. Although gaining a job as a real __________agent or broker may be relatively easy, beginning agents and brokers may face competition from well-established, more experienced ones.A. propertyB. estateC. houseD. assets78. The constitution of the State required that property should be __________for taxation at its market value.A. estimatedB. appraisedC. evaluatedD. valued79. On June 15, 1909, after Scott finished his rushed plans for his________ to the South Pole, he departed from England.A. tourB. voyageC. expeditionD. excursion80. The government authority had to __________oil and other products so that it would not runout during war.A. shareB. fareC. provideD. rationPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each withfour suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on your answer sheet.TEXT AAll Sir William Jones wanted to do was to learn Sanskrit. While he was study ing, however, hemade a surprising discovery. This ancient language of India was amazingly similar to Latin andGreek. The Sanskrit word for "mother"—matar—was almost identical to the Latin word, mater.was pitar in Sanskrit, pater in Latin and Greek. The more he studied, the more“Father”　similarities he found.How could this be? Thousands of miles and many natural barriers separated India and Europe.Still, Jones concluded, the similarities were too strong to be accidental. In 1786, he announced“No one could examine them all three, without believing them to have sprung from some commonsource.”Since then, scholars have traced many languages to this “common source.” Today, these langua are called the Indo-European family. But where did this source originate? Language andgeography provide the clues. European languages have similar words for the animals and trees ofnorthern Europe, such as oak, willow, bear, and wolf. There are no common words for the animalsand trees of southern Europe.To scholars, this suggests that the Indo-European languages began in north central Europe. In time,some northern Europeans set out toward the east, settling in Iran, India, and Pakistan. Othersmigrated westward toward southern and western Europe. The root language developed into dozensis drei inof different languages, but the family resemblances remain. The wor d for “three”　German, tres in Spanish, tre in Albanian, and tri in Russian.Almost every language in Europe is part of the Indo-European family, but there are exceptions.Hungarian and Finnish cling to other language families. High in the Pyrenees, the Basque peoplespeak a language that has no known relatives. Perhaps the Basques were the original inhabitants ofthe region. Isolated by mountains, they may have been bypassed by the spread of Indo-Europeanculture.81. What did Sir William Jones discover when he was learning Sanskrit?A. Sanskrit was very similar to some European languages.B. Sanskrit was an ancient language.C. The Sanskrit word for mother is the same as that in Latin.D. Latin and Greek were very similar.82. Which of the following statements is true about "the common source"?A. Jones found out the common source.B. All languages sprang from the common source.C. Only three languages sprang from the common source.D. Since 1786, scholars have traced many languages to the common source.83. Where did the common source originate?A. In southern Europe.B. In north-central Europe.C. In India.D. in Pakistan.84. What can be concluded from the passage?A. Jones first discovered the root language.B. The languages with the common source are called the Indo-European family.C. The root language developed into different languages as people migrated.D. Every language in Europe is part of the Indo-European family.TEXT BYour first culture shock came after you left your home country and you needed to adjust to the United States, It is now important to learn cultural information about your company, so that youwill fit in and perform successfully. The people who make up this environment have their own customs, habits and expectations of each new employee. Gathering information that is formal (policy) and informal (traditions) will help you learn the professional norms and become fully accepted.Policies are corporate documents describing procedures, rules, and standards that guide decision making and conduct. They are similar to official laws that govern a country. Some sources of such written company information include the annual report, product or service brochures, technical and procedural manual, employee directory and the company newsletter. Organizational traditions are usually unwritten hut common practices that have evolved over time. They set the tone and philosophy of the particular corporation, just as the customs of a country do. The best way to learn such information is to observe and talk with others such as your supervisor and co-workers.You can supplement ideas from formal introductory materials given you earlier. Explore with fellow employees those behaviors that may be tolerated but frowned upon. Ask your supervisorfor feedback to avoid typical traps that could cause your co-workers to reject you as a professional. Keep this guide nearby, and refer to it often in private. Reviewing formal company procedures, handouts, written notes, ideas, comments from bosses and colleagues, together with materials in this handbook, will help you make a more healthy cultural adjustment.85. What is the purpose to learn cultural information?A. To know the U. S. A. better.B. To work better in the new environment.C. To make more money.D. To improve one's English.86. According to the passage, ___________ is not the policy's function.A. describing procedures, rules and standardsB. governing a countryC. helping to guide decision making and conductD. writing down the company's information87. ____________ is the best way to learn the organizational traditions.A. To read the policiesB. To study the philosophyC. To study a country's customsD. To observe and communicate with the colleagues and boss.88. How to make a more healthy cultural adjustment?A. Read this passage often.B. Discuss the organizational culture with your colleagues.C. Gather and review the formal and informal information in the corporation.D. Ask your boss for help.89. The passage is written to ___________.A. help readers to understand the organization's cultureB. explain the culture shockC. analyze the policies and traditionsD. help readers to work better with their supervisor and co-workersTEXT C“White hostility toward African Americans, and the resulting discrimination, have beenfueled by a sense of threat. During slavery, many working-class whites, encouraged by slaveholders, feared the release of large numbers of blacks into the labor market and society in general. When northern industries used African Americans as strikebreakers in the first decades ofthis century, white workers feared the loss of their jobs. Today, many white Americans fear “black Moreover, specific fears about the “costs”　of welfare as well as the "taking" of jobs violence”.through affirmative action have added to the fear of black violence.These fears have translated into negative stereotypes of African Americans as a people who areprone to crime and violence, unwilling to work, and a drain on the white taxpayer through theirwelfare dependency. In turn, these stereotypes have been used to justify informal discrimination,to prevent the help to the urban poor, to be negligent in enforcing laws or policies prohibitingdiscriminatory practices against black workers, and most important, to hesitate in making a seriouseffort at job creation for African Americans. The result is that African Americans’ share o resources has not increased much over the last two decades, even as formal discrimination hasbeen greatly lessened. This fact is used to further the negative belief that African Americans have"not taken advantage of their equal opportunities."90. According to the passage, how did the northern industries make use of African Americans in1900s?A. Sent them to ask the strikers to go back to work.B. Made them work very hard.C. Employed them to threaten the white strikers.D. Released them into the labor market.91. What is the ill influence of these negative stereotypes?A. Giving help to the poor black.B. Justifying informal discrimination.C. Enforcing laws prohibiting discriminatory practices against black workers.D. Creating opportunities of employment for the black.92. What can be inferred from "a drain on the white taxpayer" about the African Americans?A. They are unwilling to work.B. They never pay tax.C. They lack security.D. Their welfare depends on the white's tax.93. The author wrote the passage to tell us__________.A. African Americans pose a threat to the whites in employmentB. African Americans are dependent on the tax paid by the whitesC. African Americans are discriminated against because they are often on strikeD. the sense of threat intensifies the white's hospitality and discrimination against the AfricanAmericansTEXT D“People thought of themselves as having rights from companies,” said Hoshua Freeman, a labor historian at Columbia University. That sense of entitlement grew even stronger in the earlydecades after World War II and collective bargaining became the arena for arguing out wages,pensions, health insurance, vacations, hours and job security.That system is disappearing today. Career-long attachments to one employer, a notion born in the1920's, are no longer the .norm. The new class-consciousness makes less distinction betweenworkers and managers. Rights are relative, at best. An increasingly conservative electorate hasreduced government's role in regulating the economy. Unions have lost influence and membership.What people do is try to cope, by themselves, said Ms. Skelly, of DYG. Self-employment is onesolution, DYG's polls show, and that is a rising trend. "They try, on the job, to hide any weaknessin their performance," she said. “They work longer hours and take work home, without letting theboss know, to give the impression that they can do difficult tasks quickly. There is nothing like,There is too much competition. People talk of their weakness to‘we are all in this together.’　friends and spouses, but not to coworkers.”And many Americans feel in their hearts that the unemployment might be justified. “There is sense among people that we are inefficient and bloated,” Ms. Skelly said. “And until they fee is no longer true, they are reluctant to criticize the forces that are cutting out the fat and theinefficiencies.”94. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that ___________.A. people do not enjoy their rights nowadaysB. people are more likely to change their jobs than they were in the 1920'sC. workers and managers share the same rights todayD. nowadays, people refuse to take part in the Union95. According to Ms Skelly, which of the following is true?A. People like to work overtime.B. People want to work at home.C. People want to impress the boss with their capability and efficiency.D. People need help from their families, for they cannot cope with difficult problems themselves.96. People hide their weakness from___________.A. their parentsB. their wives or husbandsC. their friendsD. their colleagues97. The main idea of the passage is___________.A. people thought of themselves as having rights from companiesB. people's sense of entitlement is not as strong as it used to beC. people work at homeD. people regard unemployment as usualTEXT EYou may not have thought of it just this way, but the letter you write is part of you, and expressionof your personality. Therefore to write letters that are mere patterns of form is to present a colorless personality.Letters, by their very nature, are too individual to be standardized. A letter may be absolutely perfect according to the standards of good taste and good form; but unless it also expresses something of the writer's personality, it is not a good letter.In other words, don't be satisfied to write letters that are just correct and nothing more. Try to write letters that are correct for you... letters that are warm and alive with reflections of your own personality.And if this sounds like a platitude (陈词滥调), stop for a moment and think back over your recent correspondence. What was the most interesting letter you received? Was it a letter anyone couldas yo u read it—that brought the have written? Or was it a letter that instantly “came alive”　personality of the sender right into the room with you. as though you were face to face, listening instead of reading?The fault with too many letters, today as in the past—the reason so many letters are dull andlifeless, and often fail to accomplish the purpose for which they are written is simply this: Theysound exactly like the letters everyone else writes. They are neither exciting to receive nor stimulating to read.98. What does the author mean by saying “the letter you write is part of you”？A. Writing letters plays an important part in your life.B. When you write letters, you should be careful about what to write.C. People can see your personality from the letters you write.D. You should write good letters.99. What does the author want to explain in the fourth paragraph?A. A good letter presents one's personality.B. His opinion is a platitude.C. Letter-writing is interesting.D. Talking face to face is a better way to communicate than writing letters.100. The best title for the passage is___________.A. Letter WritingB. Personality in Letter WritingC. To Write Interesting LettersD. To Write Correct LettersPART VI WRITING [45MIN]SECTION A COMPOSITION[35 MIN]We all know that men and women play different roles in modern society, and that they differ inmany ways, such as how to perceive the world, how to tackle problems and how to approach people. Think about the issue and discuss the different ways in which men and women behave interms of interpersonal relationships, expressing affection, friendship and views on beauty.Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:The Different Approaches or Perceptions of Men and WomenYou are to write in three parts.In the first part, state your view on this issue.In the second part, support your view with details or examples.In the last part, bring what, you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be rewarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.SECTION B NOTE-WRITING [10 MIN]Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:You are William or Aileen. You are invited this weekend to a farewell party hosted by your friend, Sandy, who is going abroad for his PhD. Study. However, you are unable to see him off. Write him a note politely declining his invitation and expressing your good wishes to him.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.-THE END-Part III31-35BCCDC 36-40CBAAB 41-45ACCBD 46-50BBADAPart IV51-55BCACA 56-60CBDCA 61-65CCDBD 66-70BDDCB 71-75ADAAB 76-80DBBCDPart V81-84ADBC 85-89BBDCB 90-93CBDD 94-97BCDB 98-100CAB。

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS—GRADE FOUR—MODEL TEST ONEPART I DICTATION [10 MIN] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on the ANSWER SHEETONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now, listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section, you will hear two conversations. At the end of the conversion, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now, listen to the conversations.Conversation OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One.1. A. A two-storied and four-bedroom house located in a small town.B.A town house with two floors, two bedrooms, and four bedrooms.C.A two-bedroom town house with four bathrooms, two floors.D.A two-storied house located in a street with an area of 1080m2 .2. A. $ 250,000.B. $ 260,000.C. $ 253,000.D. $ 263,000.3. A. His credit score is of average level.B.His credt score is of advanved level.C.He pays on time occasionally.D.He keeps records of the credit.4. A. His gross monthly income is sufficient.B.His preference of a moderate life of loan.C.The interest of the 30-year one is beyong his capacity.D.His unwillingness to pay much money.5. A. Credit.B.Life of the loan.C.Bank policy.D.Income.Conversation TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.6. A. When you want to save more money.B.When you want to get a discount.C.When the gift is on your shopping list.D.When the gift is worth the money.7. A. Limit 1.B.Limit 3.C.Limit 5.D.Limit 6.8. A. If I buy the goods, I will save more money.B.If I don’t buy the goods, there will be no such goods.C.If I buy the goods, I will get a free gift.D.If I don’t buy the goods, they will raise the price.9. A. In order to let you conpare prices when buying.B.In order to let you ignore the high price.C.In order to let you buy things in advance.D.In order to let you wait to buy some better things.10. A. “Stay focused” are the key words when shopping.B.Kellt Grant tells us to make a shopping list and check it twice when shopping.C.Kelly Grant recommends the “shop now, save later” shopping way.D.Coupons are the things that the stores want you to come back again.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [10 MIN]There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.11.Among the sentences below, it is sentence that denotes “future of present cause”.A.The hugely successful British boy band will split soon.B.The hugely successful British boy band may be splitting soon.C.The hugely successful British boy band is going to split soon.D.The hugely successful British boy band is splitting soon.12.The following determiners can be used with uncountable nouns EXCEPT .A.heaps ofB.lots ofC.umpteenD.quantities of13.Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A.Mr White is principal of the school, and an expert in translation.B.He is not man enough, and that’s all.C.Jack grew wheat on his farm during the day, and he studied astrnomy at night.D.He didn’t stay up late, and he was tardy for school.14.There was a storm I had never experienced before.A.such asB.as whichC.with whichD.for such15.This rule to everyone who for the post.A.will apply… will applyB.applies… will applyC.will apply… appliesD.applies…. is applying16.Who in but the President himself!A.is comingB.should comeC.cameD.has come17.Which of the following prepositional phrases can function as an adverbial?A.I don’t want a book with a torn cover.B.The grass was wet with rain.C.It is in bad taste to boost.D.Between four and six will suit me.18.Though the young lady was very pretty and gracious, she was none happier for her beauty.A.theB.muchC.moreD.enough19.Which of the following best explains the meaning of “Shall my daughter do your shopping for you?”A.Do you agree to my daughter doing your shopping for you?B.Are you willing to let my daughter do your shopping for you?C.Do you want my daughter to do your shopping for you?D.Am I willing to let my daughter do your shopping for you?20.There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, they can limit how much water you drink.A.norB.no more thanC.not more thanD.any more than21.Harry took a of his drink and then put the glass down.A.tasteB.lickC.mouthD.sip22.As he made no to our quarrel, I assumed he had forgiven me.A.referenceB.statementmentD.mention23.At the casualty department my brother had his injury .A.curedB.healedC.relievedD.treated24.In the majority of cases, this is a vital operation.A.tremendousB.handsomeC.broadD.wide25.caused the accident has not yet been found.A.WhatB.WhateverC.WhicheverD.Which26.What happens to her? She’s been behaving very strange late.A.byB.ofC.forD.till27.My young brother has really gotten under my skin. The underlined part means .A.made me angryB.made me tiredC.made me excitedD.made me annoyed28.—I’m glad to see you looking so well.—Yes, I feel as as a fiddle.A.wellB.fitC.fineD.fresh29.The local wine is rather rough, but you’ll soon a taste for it!A.receiveB.adoptC.acquireD.accept30.The rays of the morning sun begin to shine through windows, casting a glow ofgold over the landscape.A.carved antique woodenB.antique carved woodenC.antique wooden carvedD.wooden antique carvedPART IV CLOZE [10 MIN]Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Painting, the execution of forms and shapes on a surface by means of (31) , has been continuously practiced by humans for some 20,000 years. Together with other activities that may have been (32) in origin but have come to be designated as artistic such as music or dance, painting was one of the earliest ways in which man (33) to express his own personality and his (34) understanding of an existence beyond the material world. Unlike music and dance, however, examples of early forms of painting have survived to the present day. The modern eye can derive aesthetic as well as antiquarian satisfaction from the 15,000-year-old- cave murals of Lascaux-- some examples (35) to the considerable powers of draftsmanship of these early artists. And painting, unlike other arts, exhibits universal qualities that make it easy for viewers of all nations and civilizations to understand and appreciate.The major (36) examples of early painting anywhere in the world are found in Western Europe and the Soviet Union. But some 5,000 years ago, the areas in which important paintings were executed (37) to the eastern Mediterranean Sea and neighboring regions. Therefore, Western shared a European cultural tradition the Middle East and Mediterranean Basin and, later, the countries of the New World.Western painting is (38) distinguished by its concentration on the representation of the human (39) , whether in the heroic context of antiquity or the religious context of the early Christian and medieval world. The Renaissance extended this tradition through a(n) (40) examination of the natural world and an investigation of balance, harmony, and perspectives in the visible world, linking painting to the developing sciences of anatomy and optics.PART V READING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN]SECTION A MUTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONEGiven the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools, it is not surprising that such students often have little good to say about their school experience. In one study of 400 adults who had achieved distinction in all areas of life, researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either did badly in school or were unhappy in school. Few MacArthur Prize fellows, winners of the MacArthur Award for creative accomplishment, had good things to say about their precollegiate schooling if they had not been placed in advanced programs.Anecdotal reports support this. Pablo Picasso, Charles Darwin, Mark Twain, Oliver Goldsmith, and William Butler Yeats all disliked school. So did Winston Churchill, who almost failed out of Harrow, an elite British school. About Oliver Goldsmith, one of his teachers remarked, "Never was so dull a boy. " Often these children realize that they know more than their teachers, and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant, inattentive, or unmotivated.Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because their gifts were not scholastic. Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way. But most fared poorly in school not because they lacked ability but because they found school unchallenging and consequently lost interest. Yeats described the lack of fit between his mind and school: "Because I had found it difficult to attend to anything less interesting than my own thoughts, I was difficult to teach."As noted earlier, gifted children of all kinds tend to be strong-willed nonconformists. Nonconformity and stubbornness (and Yeats's level of arrogance and self-absorption) are likely to lead to Conflicts with teachers.When highly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. A writing prodigy studied by David Feldman and Lynn Goldsmith was taught far more about writing by his journalist father than his English teacher. High-IQ children, in Australia studied by Miraca Gross had much more positive feelings about their families than their schools. About half of the mathematicians studied by Benjamin Bloom had little good to say about school. They all did well in school and took honors classes when available, and some skipped grades.41.The author quotes the remarks of one of Oliver Goldsmith's teachers .A．to provide support for his argument.B.to illustrate the strong will of some gifted children.C.to explain how dull students can also be successful.D.to show how poor Oliver's performance was at school.42.Pablo Picasso is listed among the many gifted children who .A．paid no attention to their teachers in class.B.contradicted their teachers much too often.C.could not cope with their studies at school successfully.D.behaved arrogantly and stubbornly in the presence of their teachers.43.Many gifted people attributed their success .A．mainly to parental help and their education at home.B.both to school instruction and to their rparents' coaching.C.more to their parents' encouragement than to school training.D.less to their systematic education than to their talent.PASSAGE TWOA controversy erupted in the scientific community in early 1998 over the use of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid ) fingerprinting in criminal investigations. DNA fingerprinting was introduced in 1987 as a method to identify individuals based on a pattern seen in their DNA, the molecule of which genes are made. DNA is present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. DNA fingerprinting has been used successfully in various ways, such as to determine paternity where it is not clear who the father of a particular child is. However, it is in the area of criminal investigations that DNA fingerprinting has potentially powerful and controversial uses.DNA fingerprinting and other DNA analysis techniques have revolutionized criminal investigations by giving investigators powerful new tools in the attempt to trove guilt, not just establish innocence. When used in criminal investigations, a DNA fingerprint pattern from a suspect is compared with a DNA fingerprint pattern obtained from such material as hairs or blood found at the scene of a crime. A match between the two DNA samples can be used as evidence to convict a suspect.The controversy in 1998 stemmed form a report published in December 1991 by population geneticists Richard C. Lewontin of Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass., and Daniel L. Hartl called into question the methods to calculate how likely it is that a match between two DNA fingerprints might occur by chance alone. In particular, they argued that the current method cannot properly determine the likelihood that two DNA samples will match because they came from the same individual rather than simply from two different individuals who are members of the same ethnic group. Lewontin and Hartl called for better surveys of DNA patterns methods are adequate.In response to their criticisms, population geneticists Ranajit Chakraborty of the University of Texas in Dallas and Kenneth K.Kidd of Yale University in New Haven, Conn., argued that enough data are already available to show that the methods currently being used are adequate. In January 1998, however, the federal Bureau of Investigation and laboratories that conduct DNA tests announced that they would collect additional DNA samples form various ethnic groups in an attempt to resolve some of these questions. And, in April, a National Academy of Sciences called for strict standards and system of accreditation for DNA testing laboratories.44.Before DNA fingerprinting is used, suspects .A.would have to leave their fingerprints for further investigationsB.would have to submit evidence for their innocenceC.could easily escape conviction of guiltD.could be convicted of guilt as well45.The attitude of the Federal Bereau of Investigation shows that .A.e nough data are yet to be collected form various ethnic groups to confirm the unlikelihoodof two DNA samples coming from two individual membersB.enough data of DNA samples should be collected to confirm that only DNA samples formthe same person can matchC.e nough data are yet to be collected from various ethnic groups to determine the likelihood oftwo different DNA samples coming form the same personD.a dditional samples from various ethnic groups should be collected to determine that twoDNA samples are unlikely to come from the same person46.The National Academy of Sciences holds the stance that .A.DNA testing should be systematizedB.only authorized laboratories can conduct DNA testingC.it is authorized to work out standards for testingD.it has the right to accredit laboratories for DNA testingPASSAGE THREEA few months ago I was nominated for Governor of the great State of New York, to run against Stewart L. Woodford and John T. Hoffman, on an independent ticket. I somehow felt that I had one prominent advantage over these gentlemen, and that was, good character. It was easy to see by the newspapers, that if ever they had known what it was to bear a good name, that time had gone by. It was plain that in these latter years they had become familiar with all manner of shameful crimes. But at the very moment that I was exalting my advantage and joying in it in secret, there was a muddy undercurrent of discomfort "riling" the deeps of my happiness -- and that was, the having to hear my name bandied about in familiar connection with those of such people.But after all, I could not recede. I was fully committed and must go on with the fight. As I was looking listlessly over the papers at breakfast, I came across this paragraph, and I may truly say I never was so confounded before:PERJURY. -- Perhaps, now that Mr. Mark Twain is before the people as a candidate for Governor, he will condescend to explain how he came to be convicted of perjury by thirty-four witnesses, in Wakawak, Cochin China, in 1863, the intent of which perjury was to rob a poor native widow and her helpless family of a meagre plantain patch, their only stay and support in their bereavement and their desolation. Mr. Twain owes it to himself, as well as to the great people whose suffrages he asks, to clear this matter up. Will he do it?I thought I should burst with amazement! Such a cruel, heartless charge -- I never had seen Cochin China! I never had beard of Wakawak! I didn't know a plantain patch from a kangaroo! I did not know what to do. I was crazed and helpless. I let the day slip away without doing anything at all.[Mem. -- During the rest of the campaign this paper never referred to me in any other way than as "the infamous perjurer Twain."]Next came the "Gazette," with this:WANTED TO KNOW. -- Will the new candidate for Governor deign to explain to certain of his fellow-citizens (who are suffering to vote for him!) the little circumstance of his cabin-mates in Montana losing small valuables from time to time, until at last, these things having been invariably found on Mr. Twain's person or in his "trunk" (newspaper he rolled his traps in), they felt compelled to give him a friendly admonition for his own good, and so tarred and featheredhim and rode him on a rail, and then advised him to leave a permanent vacuum in the place he usually occupied in the camp. Will he do this?Could anything be more deliberately malicious than that? For I never was in Montana in my life. [After this, this journal customarily spoke of me as "Twain, the Montana Thief."]I got to pick up papers apprehensively -- much as one would lift a desired blanket which he had some idea might have a rattlesnake under it.By this time anonymous letters were getting to be an important part of my mail matter. This form was common:How about that old woman you kicked of...Shortly the principal Republican journal "convicted" me of wholesale bribery, and the leading Democratic paper "nailed" an aggravated case of blackmailing to me.[In this way I acquired two additional names: "Twain, the Filthy Corruptionist," and "Twain, the Loathsome Embracer."]There was no possible way of getting out of it, and so, in deep humiliation, I set about preparing to "answer" a mass of baseless charges and mean and wicked falsehoods. But I never finished the task, for the very next morning a paper came out with a new horror, a fresh malignity, and seriously charged me with burning a lunatic asylum with all its inmates, because it obstructed the view from my house. This threw me into a sort of panic. And at last, as a due and fitting climax to the shameless persecution that party rancor had inflicted upon me, nine little toddling children of all shades of color and degrees of raggedness were taught to rush on to the platform at a public meeting and clasp me around the legs and call me PA!I gave up. I hauled down my colors and surrendered. I was not equal to the requirements of a Gubernatorial campaign in the State of New York, and so I sent in my withdrawal from the candidacy, and in bitterness of spirit signed it,"Truly yours,"Once a decent man, but now MARK TWAIN, I. P., M. T., B. S., D. T., F. C., and L. E."47.According to Para.1, Twain felt uncomfortable probably because .A.he was afraid that his good fame would be blackenedB.he felt reluctant to associate with the evil peopleC.it brought no honor to the victor in an unequal contestD.it was too late to recede from a problematic competiton48.The Gazatte accused Twain of .A.throwing away his friend’s belongingsB.making a practical joke of his enemiesC.stealing and hiding a mate’s precious stuffD.occupying the camp of another person49.To injure Twain’s reputation, his rivals tried all the following EXCEPT .A.media disinformationB.letters if false accusationC.anonymous blackmailsD.humiliation in publicSECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section, there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE50.What makes gifted students often have little good to say about their school experience?PASSAGE TWO51.What is the main idea of the passage?PASSAGE THREE52.What does the word “ apprehensively” probably mean in Para.10?53.What may be the title for the passage?PART VI WRITING [45 MIN]Read carefully the following excerpt, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should:·summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then·comment on whether surveillance cameras are beneficial or not.You should support yourself with information from the excerpt.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.——THE END ——ANSWER SHEET 1PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONCoral ReefsI.Coral reefs facing a precarious situation1)Warmer oceans due to (1)2)Death of corals: Temperatures rise (2) than average summer maximum3)Reasons why coals die at high temperatures: (3) between corals and algae destroyed. II.New study on corals in the Persian Gulf1)Phenomenon:Algae there can bear as hot as (4)2)Findings:A.Algae inside the Persian Gulf corals is (5)B.Survival of corals in the Persian Gulf: dependent on the (6) of the algae3)Method:Step 1: Samples from (7) within the Persian Gulf, the (8) Gulf of Oman, and the Red SeaStep 2: (9) the samples for the (10) associated with the peculiar algaeStep 3: (11) of the peculiar algae itself examined4) (12) :Algae in the Perish Gulf gradually (13) the extreme heat of the Persian Gulf5)Conclusion: The traits remain (14)6)Implication: The finding may help maintain the (15) of algae in oceansPART I DICTATION KeyPART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK(1) climate change(2) a degree higher(3) the symbiotic relationship(4) 35 ℃(5) a different species(6) heat tolerance(7) 23 reefs(8) adjacent(9) Screen(10) unique DNA signature(11) Analyze the genetics(12) Explanation :(13) adapt to/ tolerate(14) to be identified(15) bio-diversitiesSECTION B CONVERSATIONS1~5 B B C D A6~10 C D B B CPART III LANGUAGE USAGE11~15C CD A C 16~20B B A B D 21~25D A D B B 26~30B A BC BPART IV CLOZE31~35 G L C A B36~40 N O E M JPART V READING COMPREHENSION41~43 A C B44~46 C B B47~49 A C C50.The lack of fit between gifted students and their schools.51.The controversial use of DNA fingerprinting.52.With anxiety and worry.53.Running / Campaigning for Governor.。

2023年英语专业四级考试真题PART III CLOZE 【15 MIN】Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks．Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two．The earthquake of 26th December 2023 resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memory．It was a (31) _____ underwater quake and occurred in the Indian Ocean．It (32) ____ coastlines，communities and brought death to many people．Why do earthquakes happen?The surface of the earth has not always looked as it does today；it is moving(33)____ (although very slowly)and has done so for billions of years．This is one(34)____ of earthquakes，when one section of the earth (tectonic plate)(35)____ another．Scientists can predict where but not(36)____ this might happen and the area between plates is called a fault line．On one fault line in Kobe，Japan in 1923 over 200,000 people were killed．(37)____，earthquakes do not alwayshappen on fault lines，(38)____ is why they are so dangerous and (39)____．Where do volcanoes happen?Volcanoes happen where the earth's(40)____ is thin：lava，dust and gases(41)____ from beneath the earth．They can rise into a huge cone shape like a mountain and erupt，(42)____ they can be soviolent(43)____ they just explode directly from the earth with no warning．There are 1511(44)'____' volcanoes in the world．This means that they may(45)____ be dangerous．In 1985 the Colombian volcano Nevado del Ruiz erupted．The lava melted a glacier and sent tones of mud(46)____ the town below．Twenty thousandpeople died．Natural disasters like volcanic eruptions are often unpredictable．We regularly do not know when they(47)____ pen，or (48)____ where they will happen．In the future，scientists may be able to watch and predict(49)____ before they happen．This could(50)____ many lives．31．A．massive B．significant C．great D．grand32．A．changed B．converted C．destroyed D．transformed33．A．frequently B．continuously C．regularly D．periodically34．A．source B．reason C．movement D．cause35．A．collides with B．confronts with C．meets with D．faces with36．A．how B．why C．when D．what37．A．Generally B．However C．Similarly D．Anyway38．A．that B．it C．this D．which39．A．unpredictable B．unaccountable C．inevitable D．irresistible40．A．surface B．appearance C．crust D．cover41．A．flowed out B．burst out C．1eaked out D．trickled out42．A．or B．and C．nor D．but43．A．like B．for C．as D．that44．A．living B．active C．alive D．live45．A．relatively B．hardly C．still D．gradually46．A．down B．on C．across D．beyond47．A．are to B．should C．must D．might48．A．else B．even C．though D．whether49．A．accidents B．incidents C．occasions D．events50．A．rescue B．save C．preserve D．shelterPART IV GRAMMAR ＆VOCABULARY 【15 MIN】There are thirty sentences in this section．Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A，B, C and D．Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence．Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two．51．Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A．Twenty miles seems like a long walk to him．B．No one except his supporters agree with him．C．Neither Julia nor I were going to the party．D．Few students in my class are really lazy．52．Which of the following determiners(限定词)can be placed before both singular count nouns and plural count nouns?A．many a B．few C．such D．the next53．Which of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代词)is used as an appositive(同位语)?A，He promised himself rapid progress．B．The manager herself will interview Mary．C．I have nothing to say for myself．D．They quarreled themselves red in the face．54．My boss ordered that the legal documents ____ to him before lunch．A．be sent B．were sent C．were to be sent D．must be sent55．Which of the following sentences expresses WILLINGNESS?A．By now she will be eating dinner．B．I shall never do that again．C．My brother will help you with the luggage．D．You shall get a promotion．56．Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A．How strange feelings they are!B．How dare you speak to me like that!C．What noise they are making!D. What a mess we are in!57．which of the italicized parts functions as a subject? A．We never doubt that her brother is honest．B．The problem is not who will go but who will stay．C．You must give it back to whoever it belongs to。

英语专业四级模拟试题三——TEM-4 Exercise 03PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN.]In Section A, B and C you will hear everything once only. Listen carefully and then answerthe questions that follow. Select the correct response for each question.SECTION A STATEMENTIn this section you will hear 8 statements. At the end of the statement you will be given 10 seconds toanswer each of the following 8 questions. Now listen to the statements.1. How much money is expected to be raised?A. '1/4 millionB. '1/2 millionC. '1 millionD. '2 million正确答案是2. Which statement about the speaker is true?A. He likes grapes better than anyone else does.B. He grows more grapes than anyone else.C. Grapes are more nutritious than he thought.D. He thinks very few people like grapes.正确答案是3. The speaker seems to feel _____.A. that it might take some time for him to ride in his new carB. that he could have his new car come in two daysC. that he couldn't use the new car because the dealer is gettinghim a license D. that he couldn't ride in his new car because the dealer is teaching him how to drive it正确答案是4. The speaker's opinion is _____.A. this is a result of what I readB. you alread6y know what the results will beC. I'd like to try to make it happen if possibleD. I'm prepared to try no matter what happens正确答案是5. The speaker _____.A. really needs to return that article on photography immediatelyB. found the article so good that she copied itC. wishes she could go back to the library nowD. should have made a copy of the article for reference 正确答案是6. How long does it take the local train to get to New York? A. One hour.B. Two hours.C. Three hours.D. Four hours.正确答案是7. What did Cindy do?A. She bought a pair of skates from the shoemaker.B. She asked the shoemaker to sharpen her skates for her.C. She wanted her parents to buy a new pair for her.D. She carefully sharpened her skates herself.正确答案是8. What should be kept in mind when one reserves plane tickets? A. Reservations should be confirmed forty-eight hours before departure. B. Confirmation of reservations can take forty-eight hours. C. Cancellations can be made forty-eight hours in advance. D. Many flights are cancelled forty-eight hours before departure. 正确答案是SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section, you will hear 8 short conversations between two speakers. At the end of eachconversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following 8 questions. Nowlisten to the conversations.9. Where is the woman?A. At the department store.B. At the grocery.C. In the garden.D. In the farm.正确答案是10. Why does the woman not want to tell Mr. Brown about the parking ticket?A. He will get very angry.B. He is looking for a parking space.C. He has to buy a parking ticket himself.D. He will discover it himself anyway. 正确答案是11. What time is it?A. 7:10B. 7:00C. 6:50D. 7:05正确答案是12. What does the woman think is harder? A. political science.B. Economics.C. Getting an A.D. Political and economics.正确答案是13. What does the woman mean?A. Both bags cost the same per pound.B. The man shouldn't spend so much money on potatoes.C. She always buys the same size bag.D. She doesn't usually eat any potatoes. 正确答案是14. What is the woman suggesting? A. Getting a better quality lamp.B. Fixing the lamp tomorrow.C. Changing the light bulb.D. Working with a different lamp. 正确答案是15. What does Mr. Hester mean?A. He does have a background in business.B. He lacks the experience that is called for.C. He isn't interested in being a student.D. He doesn't want to do business at all.正确答案是16. What does Paul do?A. He publishes books.B. He works in industry.C. He collects automobiles.D. He is an author.正确答案是SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestions 17 and 18 are based on the following news item. At the end of the news item youwill be given 20 seconds to answer the following questions. Now listen to the news.17. Who was the only person having survived the crash?A. The French judge.B. The French judge's bodyguard.C. Rees Jones, Princess Dianna's bodyguard.D. A French doctor.正确答案是18. Rees Jones didn't talk about the crash shortly after the crash because _____. A. he could only tell the French judge about the crashB. he was seriously wounded and couldn't remember what had happened at the momentC. he refused to talk about itD. his doctors didn't allow him to talk about it then正确答案是Question 19 is based on the following news item. At the end of the news item you will be given10 seconds to answer the following question. Now listen to the news.19. Which statement is false about James McDougall?A. He is Clinton's former business partner.B. He died of a heart attack.C. He died on Sunday.D. He was conducting an investigation in connection with the White Water Real Estate Venture before he died.正确答案是Questions 20 and 21 are based on the following news item. At the end of the news item you will be given 20 seconds to answer the following questions. Now listen to the news.20. What's the minimum figure of the deaths of people in the two bomb explosions? A. 12B. 8C. 16D. 60正确答案是21. How many people have been killed by the sectarian and political violence in Pakistan this year?A. More than 12.B. 60.C. More than 60.D. About 8.正确答案是Questions 22 to 24 are based on the following news item. At the end of the news item you will be given 30 seconds to answer the following questions. Now listen to the news.22. What measures will Indonesia take in order to put out forest fires? A. Send more fire engines.B. Create rain.C. Encourage villagers by offering them more water and equipment.D. Cut more bushes.正确答案是23. How long will the plan of putting out forest fire last?A. One week.B. Five days.C. Ten days.D. One month.正确答案是24. Why was an airport forced to close down?A. Because the blazes from the fire were too hot.B. Because the smoke from the fires was too think.C. Because it was too droughty at the airport.D. Because it rained heavily there.正确答案是Question 25 are based on the following news item. At the end of the news item you will be given 10 seconds to answer the following question. Now listen to the news.25. What is the necessary condition for the waiver?A. Vietnam has received trade benefits.B. Vietnam has made progress in allowing immigration to the US.C. Vietnam must become one of the most-favored nations.D. The relations between the US and Vietnam must be further improved.正确答案是PART II CLOZE [15 MIN.]Decide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Select the correctchoice for each blank.Today, the Tower of London is one of the most popular tourist(26)_____ and attracts over three million visitors a year. It was occasionally used as a Royal Palace for the Kings and Queens of England (27)_____ the time of James I who (28)_____ from 1603 to 1625, but isbest known as a prison and execution place. Within the walls of the Tower, princes have been murdered, traitors (29)_____, spies shot, andQueens of England beheaded. One of the most famous executions was that of Anne Boleyn in 1526. She was the second wife of Henry VIII. He wanted to (30)_____ her because she could not give him a son, so he accused her of adultery. She was tried and found guilty. She asked to be beheaded with a sword, (31)_____ the usual axe, which can still be seen in the Tower.The Tower was also the (32)_____ of one of London's most famous mysteries. King Edward IV died in 1483. His elder son, Edward, became king (33)_____ his father's death. Young Edward lived in the Tower, and the Duke of Gloucester, his protector, persuaded Edward's brother, Richard, to come and live there so that they could play together. But then the Duke (34)_____ that he was the new king, and he was crowned instead of the twelve-year-old Edward, (35)_____ himself Richard III.After that, the boys were seen less and less and (36)_____ disappeared. It is said that they were suffocated in bed by pillows being (37)_____ their mouths. It is believed that Richard III ordered their deaths, although it has never been (38)_____. In 1674, workmen at the Towerdiscovered two skeletons which were taken away and buried in Westminster Abbey in 1678. The(39)_____ were examined in 1933 and were declared to be those of two children, (40)_____ theage of the Princes.26. A. seatsB. scenesC. groundsD. sights正确答案是27. A. untilB. byC. toD. at正确答案是28. A. reinedB. reignedC. poweredD. controlled正确答案是29. A. ruinedB. destroyedC. torturedD. wounded正确答案是30. A. get away with B. get rid ofC. get done withD. get down on 正确答案是31. A. apart fromB. besidesC. togetherD. rather than 正确答案是32. A. region B. sceneC. placeD. area正确答案是33. A. onB. atC. withD. by正确答案是34. A. revealed B. announced C. pronounced D. advertised 正确答案是35. A. naming B. declaring C. callingD. giving正确答案是36. A. eventuallyB. laterC. lastlyD. completely 正确答案是37. A. forced intoB. squeezed forthC. pressed overD. put on正确答案是38. A. approvedB. provedC. reprovedD. disproved正确答案是39. A. remainsB. corpsesC. bonesD. bodies正确答案是40. A. definitelyB. roughlyC. possiblyD. certainly正确答案是PART III GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY [15 MIN.]There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence.41. All the television viewers chose her as their _____ actress.A. favorableB. favoriteC. favoredD. favoring正确答案是42. She pointed out that her wages _____ no relation to the amount of work she did.A. heldB. yieldedC. offeredD. bore正确答案是43. His long beard is a _____ joke among his friends.A. steadyB. standingC. settledD. stable正确答案是44. _____ her inexperience her failure to secure the contract was not surprising.A. In view ofB. By virtue ofC. With regard toD. In recognition of 正确答案是45. Mr. White was told again and again to _____ smoking but he just wouldn't listen.A. cut throughB. cut downC. cut offD. cut away正确答案是46. If this animal had escaped from its cage it could _____ have killed or hurt several people.A. equallyB. bothC. wellD. severely正确答案是47. The president shook hands with everyone, without _____ of rank.A. convictionB. expositionC. distinctionD. recognition正确答案是48. Sometimes they _____ their students' poor comprehension to a lack of intelligence.A. attributeB. assignC. attachD. associate正确答案是49. To _____ greater accuracy, all invoices will be double-checked before leaving the office.A. assureB. ensureC. insureD. ascertain正确答案是50. As a natural body substance, interferon (干扰素) has few side _____. A. influencesB. effectsC. impactsD. functions正确答案是51. The police _____ together all they had found out about the wanted man.A. combinedB. mixedC. piecedD. joined正确答案是52. When Bob came in, Jean _____ her talk with Linda and talked to Bob.A. broke offB. cleared awayC. cut acrossD. set apart正确答案是53. Foreign mutton is _____ to home-grown in flavor.A. worseB. indifferentC. inferiorD. subordinate正确答案是54. I _____ work last week, but I changed my mind.A. were to startB. was to startC. was to have startedD. had started正确答案是55. The children went there to watch the iron tower _____.A. to erectB. be erectedC. erectingD. being erected正确答案是56. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls aswell as boys _____ to go to school. A. to be encouragedB. been encouragedC. being encouragedD. be encouraged正确答案是57. _____ such a good chance, he planned to learn more.A. To be givenB. Having been givenC. Having givenD. Giving正确答案是58. -- Has Mary finished writing his article?-- No, and it _____ two days ago. A. should be finishedB. should finishC. should have finishedD. ought to have been finished正确答案是59. I had better _____ the problem.A. leave them to settleB. to leave them to settleC. to leave them settlingD. leave them settling 正确答案是60. _____ it is necessary to study the proposals for several more months before making a decision is to bedebated.A. WhetherB. IfC. WhatD. That正确答案是61. _____ is well-known to all, too much stress can cause disease.A. WhichB. ItC. ThatD. As正确答案是62. _____ to speak when the audience interrupted him.A. Hardly had he begunB. No sooner had he begunC. Not until he begunD. Scarcely did he begun 正确答案是63. As is generally agreed, a family without love is not _____ a family as a body without soul in a man.A. suchB. as much ofC. so much ofD. much of正确答案是64. _____, I couldn't understand what is meant by that.A. As I try hardB. Hard as I might tryC. I might try hardD. I tried hard正确答案是65. "What will you be doing tomorrow evening?" "_____ the students' papers."A. CorrectingB. Will be correctingC. To correctD. Will correct正确答案是PART IV READING COMPREHENSION [30 MIN.]SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN.]In this section there are five passages followed by fifteenquestions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answer marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer.TEXT APeople have been painting pictures for at least 30,000 years. The earliest pictures were painted by people who hunted animals. They used to paint pictures of the animals they wanted to catch and kill. Pictures of this kind have been found on the walls of caves in France and Spain. No one knows why they were painted there. Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals. Or perhaps human beings have always wanted to tell stories to pictures.About 5,000 years ago the Egyptians and other people in the NearEast began to use pictures as a kind of writing. They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also to represent the sounds of their language. The signs these people used became a kind of alphabet.The Egyptians used to record information and to tell stories by putting picture-writing and pictures together. When an important person died, scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried. Some of these pictures are like modern comic-strip stories. It has been said that Egypt is the home of the comic strip. But, for the Egyptians, pictures still had magic power. So they did not try to make their way of writing simple. The ordinary people could not understand it.By the year 1000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea had developed a simpler system of writing. The signs they used were very easy to write, and there were fewer of tem than in the Egyptian system. This was because each sign, or letter, represented only one sound in their language. The Greeks developed this system and formed the letters of the Greek alphabet. The Romans copied the idea, and the Roman alphabet is now used all over the world.These days we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But we still need pictures of all kinds: drawings, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find them everywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and on the walls of the places where we live and work. Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they can make a story much more interesting.66. Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because _____. A. the hunters wanted to see the picturesB. the painters were animal loversC. the painters wanted to show imaginationD. the pictures were thought to be helpful正确答案是67. The Greek alphabet was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the following reasons EXCEPT that _____.A. the former was easy to writeB. there were fewer signs in the formerC. the former was easy to pronounceD. each sign stood for only one sound正确答案是68. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet.B. The Egyptians liked to write comic-strip stories.C. The Roman alphabet was developed from the Egyptian one.D. The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians.正确答案是69. In the last paragraph, the author thinks that pictures _____.A. should be made comprehensibleB. should be made interestingC. are of much use in our lifeD. are disappearing from our life正确答案是TEXT BHuman beings have used tools for a very long time. In some parts of the world you can still find tools that people used more than twomillion years ago. They made these tools by hitting one stone against another. In this way they broke off pieces from one of the stones. These chips of stone were usually sharp on one side. People used them for cutting meat and skin from dead animals, and also for making other tools out of wood. Human beings needed to use tools because they did not have sharp teeth like other meat-eating animals, such as lions and tigers. Tools helped people to get food more easily. Working with tools also helped to develop human intelligence. The human brain grew bigger, and humanbeings began to invent more and more tools and machines. The stone chip was one of the first tools that people used, and perhaps it is the most important. Some scientists say that it was the key to success of mankind.Since 1960 a new kind of tool has appeared. This is the silicon chip -- a little chip silicon crystal. It is smaller than a finger-nail, but it can store more than a million "bits" of information. It is an electronic brain.Every year these chips get cleverer, but their size gets smaller, and their cost gets less. They are used in watches, calculators and intelligent machines that we can use in many ways.In the future we will not need to work with tools in the old way. Machines will do everything for us. They will even talk and play gameswith us. People will have plenty of spare time. But what will they do with it? Human beings used stone chips for more than two million years, but human life changed very little in that time. We have used silicon chips for only a few years, but life is changing faster every day. What will life be like twenty years from now? What will the world be like two million years from now?70. The stone chip is thought to be the most important tool because it _____.A. was one of the first toolsB. developed human capabilitiesC. led to the invention of machinesD. was crucial to the development of mankind正确答案是71. At the end of the passage the author seems to suggest that life in future is _____.A. disastrousB. unpredictableC. excitingD. colorful正确答案是TEXT CA century ago in the United States, when an individual brought suit against a company, public opinion tended to protect that company. But perhaps this phenomenon was most striking in the case of the railroads.Nearly half of all negligence cases decided through 1896 involved railroads. And the railroads usually won.Most of the cases were decided in sate courts, when the railroads had the climate of the times on their sides. Government supported the railroad industry; the progress railroads represented was not to be slowed down by requiring them often to pay damages to those unlucky enough to be hurt working for them. Court decisions always went against railroad workers. A Mr. Farwell, an engineer, lost his right hand when a switchman's negligence ran his engine off the track. The court reasoned that since Farwell had taken the job of an engineer voluntarily at good pay, he had accepted the risk. Therefore the accident, though avoidable had the switchmen acted carefully, was a "pure accident". In effect a railroad could never be held responsible for injury to one employee caused by the mistake of another.In one case where a Pennsylvania Railroad worker had started a fire at a warehouse and the fire had spreadseveral blocks, causing widespread damage, a jury found the company responsible for all the damage. But the court overturned the jury's decision because it argued that the railroad's negligence was the immediate cause of damage only to the nearest buildings. Beyond them the connection was too remote to consider. As the century wore on, public sentiment began to turn against the railroads -- against their economic and political power and high fares as well as against their callousness toward individuals.72. Which of the following is NOT true in Farwell's case?A. Farwell was injured because he negligently ran his engine off the track.B. Farwell would not have been injured if the switchman had beenmore careful. C. The court argued that the victim had accepted the risk since he had willingly taken his job. D. The court decided that the railroad should not be held responsible.正确答案是73. What must have happened after the fire case was settled in court?A. The railroad compensated for the damage to the immediatebuildings.B. The railroad compensated for all the damage by the fire.C. The railroad paid nothing for the damaged building.D. The railroad worker paid for the property damage himself.正确答案是74. The following aroused public resentment EXCEPT _____.A. political powerB. high faresC. economic lossD. indifference正确答案是75. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Railroad oppressing individuals in the US.B. History of the US railroads.C. Railroad workers' working rights.D. Law cases concerning the railroads.正确答案是TEXT DHawaii's native minority is demanding a greater degree of sovereignty over its own affairs. But much of the archipelago'spolitical establishment, which includesthe White Americans who dominated until the second world war and people of Japanese, Chinese andFilipino origins, is opposed to the idea.The islands were annexed by the US in 1898 and since then Hawaii's native peoples have fared worse than any of its other ethnic groups. They make up over 60 percent of the state's homeless, suffer higher levels of unemployment and their life span is five years less than the average Hawaiians. They are the only major US native group without some degree of autonomy.But a sovereignty advisory committee set up by Hawaii's first native governor, Joahn Waihee, has given the natives' cause a major boost by recommending that the Hawaiian natives decide by themselves whether to re-establish a sovereign Hawaiian nation.However, the Hawaiian natives are not united in their demands. Some just want greater autonomy within the state -- as enjoyed by many American Indian natives over matters such as education. This is a position supported by the Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA), a stateagency set up in 1978 to represent the natives' interests and which has now become the moderate face of the native sovereignty movement. More ambitious is the Ka Lahui group, which declared itself a new nation in 1987 and wants full, official independence from the US.But if Hawaiian natives are given greater autonomy, it is far from clear how many people this will apply to. The state authorities only count as native those people with more than 50 percent Hawaiian blood. Native demands are not just based on political grievances, though. They also want their claim on 660,000 hectares of Hawaiian crown land to be accepted. it is on this issue that native groups are facing most opposition from the state authorities. In 1933, the state government paid the OHA US' 136 million in back rent on the crown land and many officials say that by accepting this payment the agency has given up its claims to legally own the land. The OHA has vigorously disputed this.76. Hawaii's native minority refers to _____.A. Hawaii's ethnic groupsB. people of Filipino originC. the Ka Lahui groupD. people with 50% Hawaiian blood正确答案是77. Which of the following statements is true of the Hawaiian natives?A. Sixty percent of them are homeless or unemployed.B. their life span is 5 years shorter than average Americans.C. Their life is worse than that of other ethnic groups in Hawaii.D. They are the only native group without sovereignty.正确答案是78. Which of the following is NOT true of John Waihee?A. He is Hawaii's first native governor.B. He has set up a sovereignty advisory committee.C. He suggested the native people decide for themselves.D. He is leading the local independence movement.正确答案是79. Which of the following groups holds a less radical attitude on the matter of sovereignty? A. American Indian natives.B. Office of Hawaiian Affairs.C. The Ka Lahui group.D. The Hawaiian natives.正确答案是80. Various native Hawaiians demand all the following EXCEPT _____.A. a greater autonomy within the stateB. more back rent on the crown landC. a claim on the Hawaiian crown landD. full independence from the US正确答案是SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING [5 MIN.]In this section there are six passages with a total of ten multiple-choice questions. Skim or scan them as required and then select your answers to the questions.TEXT EFirst read the following questions.81. The passage is mainly about _____ of outdoor advertising.A. problemsB. featuresC. attractionD. location正确答案是Now read Text E quickly and select your answers.Outdoor advertising provides the advertiser with the largestcolorful display of his product, package, trade mark, and slogan. It embraces the most spectacular use of lights and animation in order to attract a passer-by and deliver a message. It provides visual continuity to a campaign that may also be appearing in other media.Outdoor advertising has a high degree of geographic flexibility. An advertiser can use it nationally, by region, by markets, and even by specific locations within those markets.Outdoor advertising can be memorable. During an interview eightpeople out of ten revealed that they remembered specific outdoor posters.A problem in using outdoor advertising is that of getting reliabledata on the number of people who actually see an advertisement. It mayalso take time to negotiate for the space for a specific outdoor advertisinglocation, to print the posters, or to paint the board.TEXT FFirst read the following questions.82. The passage focuses on Oxford's _____.A. past and presentB. modern developmentC. present and futureD. traditional structure正确答案是Now read Text F quickly and select your answers.For centuries Oxford has been at Britain's intellectual heart, perhaps the most prestigious among Europe's many ancient universities. Oxford has attracted students from all over the world who have gone on to achieve the highest positions in their countries. Alumni include numerous famous scientists, literary figures and overseas politicians.As a place of learning Oxford's beginnings go back to the Middle Ages. Legend has it that Alfred laid its foundations at the end of the ninth century. Certainly by the 12th century scholars were teaching in the town and their fame had spread to the learning. A group of English scholars left the French capital in 1167 to settle in Oxford and the place became a magnet for students and teachers from all over Britain.。

英语专业四级听力模拟题Introduction:In this article, we will provide a simulated English listening test for students majoring in English. The test consists of various listening sections, each accompanied by multiple-choice questions. Remember to carefully read the instructions before answering each question. Good luck!Listening Section 1: ConversationListen to the following conversation and answer the questions.Question 1:What are the speakers mainly discussing?A) A recent tripB) A new movieC) A popular songD) A favorite bookQuestion 2:How did the woman feel about the movie?A) ExcitedB) DisappointedC) CuriousD) SurprisedListening Section 2: MonologueListen to the following monologue and answer the questions. Question 3:What is the main topic of the monologue?A) The benefits of exercisingB) The importance of a balanced dietC) The history of yogaD) The dangers of smokingQuestion 4:What does the speaker mention as the most effective exercise?A) JoggingB) WeightliftingC) YogaD) SwimmingListening Section 3: Academic LectureListen to the following academic lecture and answer the questions. Question 5:What is the lecture mainly about?A) The effects of climate changeB) The history of renewable energyC) The advantages of solar powerD) The drawbacks of wind energyQuestion 6:According to the lecture, why is wind energy less reliable?A) It is expensive to produce.B) It requires large areas of land.C) It is affected by weather conditions.D) It is harmful to the environment.Listening Section 4: News ReportListen to the following news report and answer the questions. Question 7:What caused the traffic congestion?A) An accidentB) Construction workC) Heavy rainD) Road closuresQuestion 8:What did the police advise drivers to do?A) Avoid the areaB) Take a different routeC) Use public transportationD) Stay at home until further noticeListening Section 5: ConversationListen to the following conversation and answer the questions. Question 9:What problem are the speakers trying to solve?A) Finding a new apartmentB) Repairing a leaking pipeC) Choosing a paint colorD) Hiring a professional painterQuestion 10:What does the man suggest they do?A) Paint the walls themselvesB) Hire a professional painterC) Ask a friend for helpD) Buy new furnitureConclusion:Congratulations on completing the simulated English listening test for English major students! Remember to review your answers and assess your performance. Regular practice will help improve your listening skills, leading to success in the actual test. Keep up the good work!。

2021年英语专业四级模拟试题PART Ⅲ CLOZE (15 MIN)32、根据以下资料，32-51回答：Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted it,, the corresponding blanks．Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two．Although most people return from package holidays reasonably atisfied, this is not always the 31 ． Take, for instance, the nightmare experience of a Frenchman who went on 32 to Cololnbia．The hotel in the small Caribbean port was overbooked．The holidaymaker was 33 round the streets, looking for a(n) 34 and breakfast place, when he was arrested for vagrancy．He was 35 where he told the magistrate that it was the hotel's 36 ．The magistrate was the hotel-owner's brother, and he charged the．Tourist 37 making false accusation and sent him to prison for eight days．By the time of his 38 , hit return flight had left．He had insufficient funds to buy a return ticket, 39 he went to the Post Office to ]end a telegraph to his home in Montpellier, asking for money．He was 40 before he could send it．,This time he was charged with illegal 41 ． It was explained that, having missed his return 42 he could no longer be classified as a tourist．He now needed a work 43 , he didn't have one．He was fined $500 for this 44, and a further $ 500 when he again blamed the hotel for overbooking． His 45 was cont seated because e couldn't pay the fines．He hitch hiked to Bogota 46 the consulate finally arranged to send him home．All things 47 , I would prefer to plan my holiday independently．48 my view, it's safer to“do it yourself” And the advantages of planning your holiday yourself are49 ．If it is well-planned, an independent holiday can usually be good 50 for money．请在第(31)处选择准确答案_______A．occurrenceB．situationC．stateD．case33、请在第(32)处选择准确答案_______A．packageB．holidayC．festivalD．celebration34、请在第(33)处选择准确答案_______A．strollingB．saunteringC．wanderingD．patrolling35、请在第(34)处选择准确答案_______A．accommodationC．bedD．lodging36、请在第(35)处选择准确答案_______ A．taken to courtB．brought to the police station C．taken to the reform school D．sent to prison37、请在第(36)处选择准确答案_______ A．faultB．blameC．dutyD．responsibility38、请在第(37)处选择准确答案_______ A．withB．ofC．forD．to39、请在第(38)处选择准确答案_______ A．freedomB．dischargeD．liberty40、请在第(39)处选择准确答案_______ A．andB．thoughC．butD．so41、请在第(40)处选择准确答案_______ A．finedB．rearrestedC．arrestedD．punished42、请在第(41)处选择准确答案_______ A．citizenshipB．naturalizationC．migrationD．immigration43、请在第(42)处选择准确答案_______ A．tripB．ticketC．flight44、请在第(43)处选择准确答案_______ A．permitB．allowanceC．permissionD．license45、请在第(44)处选择准确答案_______ A．crimeB．offenceC．faultD．error46、请在第(45)处选择准确答案_______ A．luggageB．belongingC．thingD．money47、请在第(46)处选择准确答案_______ A．whenB．afterC．whereD．while48、请在第(47)处选择准确答案_______ A．consideredB．includedC．thoughtD．known49、请在第(48)处选择准确答案_______ A．ToB．InC．ByD．With50、请在第(49)处选择准确答案_______ A．considerableB．thinkableC．considerateD．imaginable51、请在第(50)处选择准确答案_______ A．bargainB．buyC．saleD．valuePART Ⅳ GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)52、When I try to understand ________that prevents so many Americans from being as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes．A．what it doesB．what it isC．why it doesD．why it is53、________can be seen from the comparison of these figures, the principle involves the active participation of the patient in the modification of his condition．A．AsB．WhatC．ThatD．It54、I am sure he is up to the job __ he would give his mind to it．A．if onlyB．in caseC．untilD．unless55、We told you that he would come tonight,______．A．didn't weB．did weC．would heD．wouldn't he56、The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two mast founds, ________could go penniless by next year．A．the larger oneB．the largest oneC．the larger of whichD．the largest of which57、It's reported that by the end of the month the output of cement in the factory ________about 10%．A．will have risenB．has risenC．will be risingD．has been rising58、George wasn't in class today．Professor Brown excused him __A．of attendingB．from attendingC．to attendD．attending59、It is said that with more forests __ huge quantities of good earth are being washed away．A．being destroyedB．destroyedC．destroyingD．to destroy60、A safety analysis_______ the target as a potential danger． Unfortunately, it was never done．A．would identifyB．will identifyC．would have identifiedD．will have identified61、Jean doesn't want to work fight away because she thinks that if she __ a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often．A．has to getB．had gotC．were to getD．could have got62、 John D．Rockefeller ________ owned 90 percent of all Am, dean oil refineries．A．as still a young manB．while still a young manC．a young man howeverD．in spite of a young man63、This law ________ the number of accidents caused by children running across she road when they get off the bus．A．intending to reduceB．is intended to reduceC．in ended reducingD．intends reducing64、________ about the bookkeeper's honesty, the company asked him to resign．A．There be some questionsB．There are some questionsC．There have been some questionsD．there being some questions65、He often sat in a small bar drinking considerably more than________A．he was in good healthB．was good for his healthC．his good health wasD．his health was good66、He claims to be an expert in astronomy, but in actual fact he is quite ignorant on the subject．________ he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate．A．What littleB．So muchC．How muchD．So little67、Though ________ rich, he was better off than at any other period in his life．A．by any meansB．by some meansC．by all meansD．by no means68、When any non-human organ is transplanted into a persor the body immed ately recognizes it as ________．A．novelB．remoteC．distantD．foreign69、When travelling, you are advised to take travelers’ checks, which provide a secure ________ to carrying your money in cash．A．substituteB．selectionC．preferenceD．alternative70、He always did well at school __ having to do part-time jobs every now and then．A．in spite ofB．regardless ofC．on account ofD．in case of71、Ms．Green has been living in town for only one year, yet she seems to be __ with everyone who comes to the store．A．acceptedB．admittedC．admiredD．acquainted72、The government has provided the capital library with heavy________ to keep it one of the largest in the world．A．subscriptionsB．tipsC．subsidiesD．bonuses73、I didn't say anything like that at all．You are purposely________ my ideas to prove your point．A．revisingB．contradictingC．distortingD．distracting74、 Researchers discovered that plants infected with a virus give off a gas that_______ disease resistance in neighboring plants．A．contractsB．activatesC．maintainsD．prescribe75、 Fuel scarcities and price increases __ automobile designers to shale down the largest models and to develop completely new lines of small cars and trucks．A．persuadedB．promptedC．imposedD．enlightened76、 He spoke so _______ that even his opponents were won over by his arguments．A．bluntlyB．determinedlyC．emphaticallyD．convincingly77、 The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of allIndians but seems to be_______ the welfare of his animals．A．critical aboutB．indignant atC．indifferent toD．subject to78、 Dozens of scientific groups all over the world have been_______ the goal of a practical and economic way to use sunlight to split water molecules．A．pursuingB．chasingC．reachingD．winning79、 She gave _______ directions about the way the rug shE aid be cleaned．A．explicitB．briskC．transientD．opaque80、 It is up to the Government to tackle the air pollution problem and ___________ measures in line with the council's suggestions．A．set aboutB．work outC．fill upD．bring over81、France's ___________ of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations．A．assumptionB．consumptionC．presumptionD．resumptionPART Ⅴ READING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN)82、根据以下资料，回答82-101题：What accounts for the great outburst of major inventionsin early America-breakthroughs such as the telegraph, the steamboat and the weaving machine?Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country's excellent elementary schools; a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiumsto inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, "spatial" thinking about things technological．Why mention the elementary schools? Because thanks tothese schools our early mechanics, specially in the New England and Middle Atlantic states, were generally literateand at horn, in arithmetic and in some aspects of geometryand trigonometry．Acute foreign observers related American adaptiveness and inventiveness to this educational advantage． As a member ofa British commission visiting here in 1853 reported, "With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline, the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman．"A further stimulus to invention came from the "premium" system, which preceded our patent system and for years ran parallel with it．This approach, originated abroad, offered inventors medals, cash prizes and other incentives．In the United States, multitudes of premiums for new devices were awarded at country fairs and at the industrial fairs in major cities．Americans flocked to these fairs to admire the new machines and thus to renew their faith in the beneficence of technological advance．Given this optimistic approach to technological innovation, American workers took readily to that specialkind of nonverbal thinking required in mechanical technology．As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, "Atechnologist thinks about objects that cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process．．．The designer and the inventor．．．are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist．"This nonverbal "spatial" thinking can be just as creative as painting and writing．Robert Fulton once wrote, "The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheels, etc．like a poet among the letters of the alphabet,considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea．"When all these shaping forces---schools, open attitudes, the premium system, a genius for spatial thinking--interacted with one another on the rich U．S．mainland, they producedthat American characteristic, emulation．Today that word implies mere imitation．But in earlier times it meant afriendly but competitive striving for fame and excellence．According to the author, the great outburst of major inventions in early America was in a large part due toA．a special way of thinkingB．enthusiastic workersC．the attractive premium systemD．elementary school83、Which of the following statements about earlyAmerican mechanics is TRUE?A．They had received privileged home training．B．They contributed to disciplined school management．C．They are the result of technological development．D．They benefited a lot from their mathematical knowledge．84、According to the passage, the premium system __A．was an American inventionB．appeared before the patent systemC．is as important as the patent systemD．is supported by the federal government85、A technologist can be compared to an artist because they both_______．A．use various instrumentsB．abandon verbal descriptionC．arc experts in special thinkingD．are winners of awards86、The best title for this passage might be_____．A．Inventive MindB．Effective SchoolingC．Ways of ThinkingD．Technological Advance87、根据以下资料，回答87-106题：If winning is everything, British anthropologists have some advice： Wear red．Their survey of four sports atthe2004 Olympic Games in Athens shows competitors were more likely to win their contests if they wore red uniforms or red body armor． "Across a range of sports, we find that wearing red is consistently associated with a higher probability of winning," report Russell A．Hill and Robert A．Barton of the University of Durham in England．Their findings are in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature．Red coloration is associated with aggression in many animals．Often it is sexually selected so that scarlet markings signal male dominance．Just think of the red stripes on the scowling face of the male Mandrill, Africa's largest monkey species．But red is not exclusively a male trait．It's the female black widow spider that is venomous sand displays a menacing red dot on her abdomen．Similarly, the color's effect also may subconsciously intimidate opponents in athletic contests, especially when the athletes are equal in skill and strength, the researchers suggest．In their survey, the anthropologists analyzed the results of four combat sports at the summer games： boxing, tae kwon do, Greco-Roman wrestling and freestylewrestling．In those events, the athletes were randomly assigned red protective gear and other sportswear．Athletes wearing red gear won more often in 16 of 21 rounds of competition in all four events．The effect was the same regardless of weight classes, too： 19 of 29 classes had more red winners, and only four rounds had more blue winners,The red effect also might come into play in team sports．The anthropologists made a preliminary analysis of the Euro 2004 international soccer tournament, in which teams wore jerseys of different colors in different matches．They found that five teams scored more goals and won more often when they wore shirts that were predominantly red, as opposed to blue or white jerseys．Scientists don't precisely know how wearing red might give athletes an advantage．But the color delivers implicit messages of vigor and danger．When people get angry, theirfaces turn red．It's also a reason why stop signs are red．So are most Ferraris．Red color is associated with all of the following EXCEPT________．A．controlling power of male MandrillsB．greater chances of winning in sportsC．menacing characteristics of female back widow spidersD．higher speed of automobiles88、The word "intimidate" in Paragraph 3 is similar in meaning to________．A．threatenB．imitateC．distractD．confuse89、Which of the following statements about red effect in sports is TRUE?A．It works for athletic contest only．B．It varies from different weight classes．C．It exists in team sports．D．It is not so obvious in other sports as in soccer．90、Scientists are sure that the color redA．encourages athletes to winB．is a signal of vigorC．is superior to the color blueD．delivers messages, f mental advantage91、根据以下资料，回答91-110题：When Gina Garro and Brian Duplisea adopted 4-month-old Andres from Colombia last month (they also have a 6-year-old daughter), they were determined to take time off from work to care for him．Though Garro's $40,000salary will cover their mortgage, the couple will have to freeze their retirement accounts, and pray that nothing goes wrong with the car．"It takes away from you your cushion and your security," says Garro．"Things will be tight．"The 1993 Family and Medical Leave Act was supposed to help families like Garro's, offering a safety net to employees who want to take time off to nurture newborns, tend to their own major illnesses or care for sickrelatives． But while the law guarantees that workers won't lose their jobs, it doesn't cover their paychecks．One survey last year showed that while 24 million Americans had taken leaves since 1999, 2．7 million more wanted to, but couldn't afford it．That may change soon．In response to increasing demand from voters, at least 25 states are now exploring new ways to offer paid leave．One possibility： tapping state disability funds．A handful of states--New York, New Jersey, California, Rhode Island and Hawaii--already dip into disability money to offer partial pay for women on maternity leave．But that doesn't help dads or people caring forelderly parents．New Jersey and New York may soon expanddisability programs to cover leave for fathers and other caretakers．Thirteen states, including Arizona, Illinois and Florida, have proposed using unemployment fund to pay for leave．Massachusetts has been especially creative．When thestate's acting governor, Jane Swift, gave birth to twin daughters in May, she drew attention to the issue with herown "working maternity leave"： she telecommuted part-timebut earned her usual full-time salary．Even before Swift returned to work last week, the state Senate unanimously passed a pilot plan that would use surplus funds from ahealth -insurance program for the unemployed to give new parents 12 weeks off at half pay．Another plan, proposed inthe House, would require employers to kick in $20 per workerto set up a "New Families Trust Fund．"．Businesses would get tax credits in return．This week Swift is expected to announce her own paid-leave plan for lower-income mothers and fathers．Polls show widespread public support--another reason Swift and other politicians across the, country have embraced the issue．Still, not everyone's wild about the idea．People without children question wh y new parents--the first group to getpaid leave under many of the proposed plans--should get more government perks than they do．Business groups are resistantto proposals that would raid unemployment funds; several have; already filed suit to block them．As the economy slows, many companies say they can't afford to contribute to proposed new benefit funds either．Business lobbyists say too many employees already abuse existing federal family, leave lawsby taking time off for dubious reasons or in tiny timeincrements．The proposed laws, they say, would on y make matters worse．For Garro and Duplisea, though, the new laws could makeall the difference．As Melina fixes a peanut-butter-and-jelly sandwich, Duplisea hugs a snoozing Andres against his T-shirt "We're trying to do the right thing by two kids, and we have to sacrifice," Duplisea says．In Massachusetts and plenty of other states, help maybe on the way．From the first paragraph, we learn that____．A．the couple have made a lot of sacrifices to take care of their childrenB．Garro can earn more money so she should go back toworkC．Duplisea's boss is so considerate as to allow him to keep his jobD．Garro and Duplisea used to live a comfortable and easy life92、When Garro says "It takes away from you your cushion and your security", she means ________．A．it makes her feel insecure physically and emotionallyB．it takes up her money for health insuranceC．it plunges her family into financial troubleD．it uses up her family savings93、Which of the following statements about New YorkState is TRUE?A．It offers full pay for women on maternity leave．B．It offers extra pay to people caring for fathers．C．It uses disability funds for indecent purposes．D．It plans to cover leave for fathers and other caretakers．94、If Garro lives in Massachusetts, she is supposed to __A．have 12 weeks off at half payB．leave her job without pay to take care of her kidsC．telecommute full-timeD．get $20 per month from her employer for her leave95、The author holds an attitude of towards paid leave．A．indifferenceB．approvalC．suspicionD．opposition96、 Business groups do not supportA．the idea of paid leaveB．the federal family-leave lawsC．use of unemployment funds for paid leaveD．cut in pay for women on maternity leave97、根据以下资料，回答97-116题：The business suit has for a long time been the uniformfor male office workers．But it is not very satisfactory．For a start, it means that all men look the same, give or take their ties．But that is not the only problem： at the height of summer the business suit is hot and stuffy, restricting movement, and-~since the suit must always be worn with a tie---it demands tightness at the neck that cause sun necessary discomfort and irritation．Women in offices are free to wear what they please,within certain limits．Some women wear business suits, too;but these are usually less formal and, most importantly, they are designed to show off the feminine shape to advantage．The same cannot be said for the male suit．Most men look unattractive in them．They are shapeless, lumpy and dull in color and do nothing for the male physique．A male office worker's only way of expressing himself in this boring business uniform is through his selection of ties．The tie becomes his outward sign of inner personality． Unfortunately, few men have any sense of style and fewer still stop toponder what their personality is really like．For this reason, many male office workers go to work in appallingly loud,garish ties, in the mistaken belief that they look good．Add to all this is the problem of cleaning a man'ssuit．Do men actually dean them at all? A private (and notvery scientific) study of male office workers indicates that they do not．Unlike their female counterparts, who are alwaystaking clothes to the dry-cleaners even when they have only been worn once in the past three weeks, men send their suitsto the cleaners perhaps once a season．And yet most men wear the same suit several days a week, with just a change ofshirt and tie for variety．Why do men not rebel and find some other way of dressingat the office? Well, they have thought this problem through very carefully．They realize how many hours they can savefrom their morning routine by wearing the same clothes day in, day out．Whereas the average female office worker takes timeto plan what she will wear in the morning before ironing her outfit and finding coordinating fashion accessories, all aman has to do is leap out of bed, fumble around in the closet for his underwear and the first available shirt that hasn't had tomato sauce dripped down its front, select a tie at random (only the most fastidious attempt a color matchbetween suit, shirt and tie)and step into the trousers that have been draped across the back of an armchair in the bedroom the previous night．Simple．Now, where did he leavehis shoes and socks?The author seems to say that __A．few men have any sense of style and taste in clothingB．women don't feel fond of suitsC．wearing suits requires no thought and gives men extra timeD．suits cause unnecessary discomfort and irritation98、Women's business suits are different from men's inthatA．they are not dull in colorB．they do not have any limit about the styleC．they are usually formal and attractiveD．they are designed to show off the feminine shape99、What does the writer say about the cleaning of business suits?A．Women wash their suits every day．B．Men seldom wash their suits．C．Mon take suit-cleaning seriouslyD．Women often take undressed clothes to the dry-cleaners．100、By saying "rebel" in the last paragraph, the writer means __A．stop wearing suitsB．resist the limitsC．dress like wowenD．resign from o rice101、The tone of the author isA．embarrassing and uncomfortableB．desperate and hopelessC．humorous and amusingD．painful and sufferingPART Ⅵ WRITING SECTION A COMPOSITION (35 MIN)102、The fast pace of modern society helps people realize the preciousness of time．So it is very important for them to keep punctual under whatever circumstances．Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE The a importance composition of about 200 words on the following to topic：You are to write in three parts．In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is．In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinionIn the last part, bring what you have written to anatural conclusion or make a summary．Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness．Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks．SECTION B NOTE-WRITING (10 MIN)103、Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation：Your friend Jack has lent you a book．Write him a note to express your thanks and explain how helpful the book is．Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness．。

专业英语四级阅读-33(总分100,考试时间90分钟)READING COMPREHENSIONTEXT A"Have Americans **placent in the face of terrorism?" asks the Washington Post's Juliet Eilperin. The answer appears to be a qualified yes:A Gallup poll released Monday—which was conducted early April—found zero percent of Americans volunteering "terrorism" as the country's most important problem. Terrorism has ranked at 1 percent or below in six separate priorities polls conducted before the Monday Gallup poll, compared to above 20 percent in the year after the attacks against the World Trade Center and PentagonJulian Zelizer, a professor of history and public affairs at Princeton University, said the fact that Americans have not been on a heightened state of alert recently shows that "life just normalized after the attacks and following the creation of a rather elaborate counterterrorism program.""That is the objective of effective policies," Zelizer wrote in an e-mail.Nicely put. The relevant question here seems to be: should Americans **placent in the face of terrorism? Or, to phrase it less provocatively: is "complacent" really the word we're looking for here? How about "calm", "level-headed", or "judicious"? The bombing in Boston on Tuesday was gruesome, awful and pointless, and it naturally riveted the nation due to its attention-grabbing setting. But that kind of attention-grabbing setting is precisely what terrorists seek out, with the aim of distorting the public's perceptions of the actual threat. Planting two bombs at the Boston Marathon is a sick, twisted act of mass murder, but it doesn't necessarily augur any more widespread campaign of terrorism, and it doesn't imply the need for major behavioural or policy changes.Unsurprisingly, there are those who would find it politically useful to plunge Americans back into a state of paranoia. Steve King, a conservative congressman from Iowa, is trying to figure out some way to use the bombing to stem the tide of immigration reform. Ms Eilperin interviews Orrin Hatch, a Republican senator from Utah, and finds him in old 2002 mode.So far, the response to the bombings has been admirable precisely because it has been rather low-key. Politicians and most news agencies have refrained from speculating on the identity of the bombers. People have been loth to draw far-reaching conclusions in the absence of data. If the American people can maintain that dispassionate attitude, it could go a long way towards reducing the incentive for people to commit acts of terrorism in the first place.1. Juliet Eilperin cited Monday's Gallup poll results as evidence thatA. most Americans are deeply worried about the national security. B. people are still in great pain over the loss of their families in 9/11. C. American people have **placent in face of terrorism. D. few people are satisfied with the current anti-terrorism campaign.2. Terrorists exploded bombs in Boston with intent toA. produce widespread fear. B. attract national attention. C. influence government decisions. D. discourage foreign investment.3. How does the author see the two bombings at the Boston Marathon?A. It shows that the whole country is in great danger now. B. It proves the failure of the past anti-terrorism campaign. C. It suggests that people should be alert to dangers around. D. It is not a sign that more terrorists attacks will happen.4. Steve King is trying to take advantage of the Boston bombing toA. stop the immigration reform. B. embarrass Democratic Party. C. raise public awareness about terrorism. D. panic foreigners into leaving America.TEXT BDiana, Princess of Wales, once devoted her life to the charity. The Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fund is an independent grant-giving charity established in September 1997 to continue the Princess's humanitarian work in the United Kingdom and overseas. This warm-hearted princess died on Sunday, 31 August 1997 following a car crash in Paris. There was widespread public mourning at the death of this popular figure, culminating with her funeral at Westminster Abbey on Saturday, 6 September 1997. Several years passed; British hearings into the deaths of Princess Diana and **panion Dodi A1 Fayed will be held in public after a decision that they should be conducted in secret was reversed, judicial authorities said on Thursday (Dec. 7). The original decision of the presiding judge Dame Elizabeth Bulter-Sloss had been strongly criticized by Fayed's father Mohamed, the owner of the exclusive London store Harrods. He said he had tirelessly fought for truth and justice against an army of dark forces who do not want the truth to become public and he simply asked for honesty, fairness and openness.The preliminary hearings, scheduled for next month, are the latest step in efforts to get to the bottom of the death of the Diana, ex-wife of British heir to the throne Britain's Prince Charles. Diana, who was 36, Fayed and their chauffeur Henri Paul died when their Mercedes limousine smashed into the wall in a Pairs road tunnel in 1997. A two-year French inquiry blamed the crash on the chauffeur Paul, saying he was drank, under the influence of anti-depressants and driving too fast.The British inquest was opened in January 2004 and then royal coroner Michel Burgess asked police to hold a top-level investigation into the circumstances and surroundings which led to the deaths. Burgess said he wanted John Stevens to examine conspiracy theories. This theory states that the couples were murdered by British spies to cover the royal embarrassment about their relationship.Diana and Charles had two sons, Princes William and Henry, but their marriage ended inStevens is due to unveil his three-year investigation next week. His report, scheduled to be published on Dec. 14, is widely expected to a conclusion that the car crash which killed the Princess was an accident.The Judicial Communications Office said Lady Bulter-Sloss, the retired senior judge who will sit as the coroner, originally decided to hold the hearings on Jan. 8 and 9 in private without the press or the public present for practical reasons such as the size of the court room available. But this decision is to be challenged in the high court by Mohamed Fayed, whose son Dodd, died with the Princess in 1997.Then, finally, a spokesman said "Lady Bulter-Sloss has considered in view of the public interest in these particular hearings that they should be held in public." And Lady Butler-Sloss had invited lawyers for the Royal Houses hold to attend.A spokesman for Mohamed A1 Fayed, who remains convinced that the couple was murdered by British spies to prevent his son, a Muslim, from marrying Diana, welcomed the decision. "He doesn't believe that anything should be held behind the doors. There's no reason for it, nobody has anything to fear from the cold light of day than those who may be guilty," the spokesman told the Skynews.1. We learn from the beginning of the passage thatA. Diana gave her life to the cause of charity. B. Diana set up the Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fund. C. Prince Charles was behind a plot to kill Diana. D. Many people mourned for the warm-hearted princess.2. The final decision made by the Judicial authorityA. was that the hearings should be open to the public. B. was that the hearings should be held privately. C. was consistent with Dame Elizabeth Bulter-Sloss's. D. was not consistent with Mohamed's requirement.3. According to the passage, MohamedA. was the owner of the particular London store Harrods. B. fought for truth and justice against an army of dark forces. C. asked police to hold a highest-level investigation into the deaths. D. was convinced that his son was murdered by French spies.4. What can NOT be inferred from the conspiracy theory?A. This theory had some political purpose. B. The death of Diana had something with the royal reputation. C. The chauffeur had no responsibility in the car crash. D. The chauffeur Paul was one of the murderers.5. The conclusion to be released by John StevensA. will be totally different from the release by the French investigation. B. is supposed to show that the death of Diana had connection with the car crash. C. is expected to demonstrate that the death of Diana was a plot. D. will take the audience's interest into consideration.6. The best title for this passage isA. The political plot. B. The reason of Diana's death. C. Inquiry of Diana's death. D. Hearings to be held in public.A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing. So, as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people.Days after days my men and I struggle to hold back a tidal wave of crime. Something has gone terribly wrong with our once-proud American way oflife. It has happened in the area of values. A key ingredient is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability.Accountability isn't hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions and liable for their consequences.Of the many values that hold civilization together—honesty, kindness, and so on—accountability may be the most important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust, no law—and, ultimately, no society.My job as a police officer is to impose accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to impose it on themselves. But as every policeman knows, external controls on people's behavior are far less effective than internal restraints such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.Fortunately, there are **munities—smaller towns, usually—where schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards that proclaim: "In this family certain things are not tolerated—they simply are not done!"Yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosening. Your typical robber has none. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if you enrage him.The main cause of this breakdown is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crime **mitted, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, it's the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didn't teach him to read, by the church that failed to teach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didn't provide a stable home.I don't believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless excuses where no one accepts responsibility for anything.We in America desperately need more people who believe that the person **mits a crime is the one responsible for it.1. Which of the following is an opinion of the author's?A. It's unnecessary for good people to do anything in face of evil. B. It's certain that evil will prevail if good men do nothing about it. C. American way of life could be a decisive factor in the crime. D. Good men had better keep away from evil.2. Compared with those in small towns, people in large cities haveA. less self-discipline. B. better sense of discipline. C. more mutual respect. D. less effective government.3. The writer is sorry to have noticed thatA. people in large cities tend to excuse criminals. B. today's society lacks sympathy for people in difficulty. C. people in small towns stick to old discipline and standards. D. people in disadvantaged circumstances are engaged in crime.4. Which of the following is CORRECT?A. Stricter discipline should he maintained in schoolsand families. B. More good examples should be set for people to follow. C. More restrictions should be imposed on people's behavior. D. More people should accept the value of accountability.5. According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crime,A. society should be held responsible. B. modern civilization should be responsible for it. C. the criminal himself should bear the blame. D. the standards of living should be improved.TEXT DAs Brazil's Ronaldo slammed the ball into Germany's goal to win the World Cup final, Tokyo spectators rose to their feet and cheered wildly. It's almost as if they felt the power of the shot. No wonder: Although the game was being played 30 miles to the south, in Kanagawa, the 500 fans in Tokyo saw it live on a 130-ft by 330-ff screen—a monster nearly the size of the soccer field itself. "In the future, people anywhere in the world will be able to watch the Olympics and other major events in virtual stadiums," predicts the scientist who designed the system.The key to delivering this long distance soccer fix was a superspeed optical network that linked digital projectors in Tokyo to high-definition TV cameras in the stadium. For innovative next-generation services like this, the center of the universe is in Japan and South Korea. That's because both have made high-speed optical networks a national priority. The trend stands in contrast to developments in the U.S. and Europe, where broadband penetration has lagged as carriers dig their way out from a mountain of debt piled up by early bets on wireless and Internet infrastructure.In the 1990s, Japan and South Korea largely missed the Internet boom. Not wanting to be caught off-guard again, South Korea's government invested a huge sum of money in broadband infrastructure over the past six years. In Japan, Nippon Telegraph & Telephone spent $6.4 billion on new fiber-optic networks in 2004. At present most new buildings in Japanese and South Korean cities are served by high-speed fiber-optic cables.Thanks to the networks, the two countries can offer a dizzying array of services. In South Korea, housewives can't seem to get enough ofinternet soap operas delivered via broadband. Nearly 150,000 small groceries, car-repair shops, and others use online services for billing and inventory for as little as $25 per month. In Japan, **panies offer everything from unlimited videoconferencing ($2.50 per month) to unlimited Japanese videos of cartoons **ics (also $2.50 per month). They expect online content will become a big money-earner.The new networks are changing lifestyles, too. In March of 2004, Japan's normally indifferent university students used the Net to organize one of the country's biggest demonstrations in years, against the war in Iraq. At Seoul Girls' Commercial High School, classrooms are filled with Net-linked PC terminals, where instructors in distant locations teach skills such as using enterprise resource planning software, something once reserved for on-the-job training after-graduation.Now, Japan is tackling whole new modes of communication. Sony Corp. is pursuing "grid" systems, using broadband to connect thousands of **puters and game consoles. Ultimately, all the devices on the network will be able to draw on the others, so each gains the power of a **puter. And Tokyo University has a system of cameras that captures a person's image from various angles,creating a video avatar—a sort of body double. That information is then transmitted over a fast network, allowing others to see and interact with the avatar. Heady stuff. If Japan and South Korea are right in betting that ubiquitous high-**munications are the key to growth, this new broadband era could usher in Asia's Golden Age.1. The 500 soccer fans in Tokyo could enjoy the World Cup final becauseA. they felt the power of Ronaldo's shot. B. the game was played in their country. C. they watched the live show on TV. D. they saw the game live on a huge screen nearly the size of the soccer field.2. Japan and South Korea are leading the way inA. virtual stadiums. B. long-distance soccer games delivery. C. superspeed optical network. D. wireless and Internet infrastructure.3. The U.S.A. and European countries have been left behind in broadband popularization becauseA. they are not the center of the universe. B. they are deeply in debt for early investment into infrastructure. C. they missed the Internet boom. D. they have to charge too much money for broadband connection.4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. In South Korea, housewives are not satisfied with Internet soap operas delivered via broadband. B. In South Korea, people can pay for what they buy in small groceries online. C. In Japan, **panies charge $2.50 per month for unlimited videoconferencing. D. In South Korea and **panies offering online services hope to make a great profit.5. Which of the following aspect is mentioned when discussing "grid" systems?A. Sony Corp. spent a great sum of money on "grid" systems. B. Students in Tokyo University are very interested in "grid" systems. C. **puter may obtain the power of a **puter one day. D. The application of "grid" systems predicts **ing of Asia's Golden Age.。

专业英语四级（听力）-试卷203(总分：80.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 LISTENING COMPREHENSION(总题数：4，分数：80.00)1.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION（分数：20.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.（分数：20.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：Corporate CrimeOver decades of years, corporate crime has been【T1】1 increased【T1】2Corporate crime has been ignored by:a) the【T2】 3e.g. news broadcasts, crime serials【T2】 4b) 【T3】 5【T3】 6Reasons for being ignored:a) often more complex, and needing【T4】 7【T4】 8b) less 【T5】 9than conventional crime 【T5】 10c) victims often【T6】 11【T6】 12Effects:a) Economic costsmay appear unimportant to【T7】13【T7】14can make large【T8】15for company 【T8】16cause more 【T9】 17to individuals than conventional crimes 【T9】 18b) Social costsmake people lose trust in business worldaffect 【T10】 19most 【T10】 20Corporate CrimeOver decades of years, corporate crime has been【T1】21 increased【T1】22Corporate crime has been ignored by:a) the【T2】 23e.g. news broadcasts, crime serials【T2】 24b) 【T3】25【T3】26Reasons for being ignored:a) often more complex, and needing【T4】27【T4】28b) less 【T5】29than conventional crime 【T5】30c) victims often【T6】31【T6】32Effects:a) Economic costsmay appear unimportant to【T7】33【T7】34can make large【T8】35for company 【T8】36cause more 【T9】 37to individuals than conventional crimes 【T9】 38b) Social costsmake people lose trust in business worldaffect 【T10】 39most 【T10】 40（分数：20.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：massively）解析：解析：录音提到，在过去约70年间，有一种犯罪大量增长，即“单位犯罪”。