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一、特殊规则：当先行词指物时宜用that，不用which的情况。
1. 先行词为不定代词everything, anything，nothing, few, little，much，all，the one, none 等。
e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything ______he had stolen.2 先行词为数词I am afraid I am not fit for the job, because it is one requires a lot of patience.3 先行词为同时指人和指物时，用that。
e.g. We talked about the things and persons ______ we saw then.4先行词被any few little all some no修饰时5 先行词被序数词及the only，the very，the last 修饰时e.g. He is the only person _______ I want to see now.It is the only book _______ I want to see now.6. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时e.g. This is the best book ______ I’ve ever read. 7．若主句中有疑问代词who, which 为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用who, which,用that. e.g. Who of them _____ stood there was the monitor?Practice:1This is the only book I got last year.2This is the largest animal Tom saw in the zoo.3Rose still remember the trees and teachers in the mother school.4All the desks are bought look wonderful.5Do you have any money is used to build the factory?6This is the second watch my father bought for me.4) 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用whom 指人，which 指物；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。
高考英语定语从句特殊情况下用法讲解一、考点分析定语从句的介词加关系代词的用法是定居从句中的重难点，在题型上主要在语法填空和翻译句子中考到。
二、专题详解A、定语从句中只能用that 引导的情况1．当先行词为all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, the one等词时。
Everything that he said was true.2.当先行词被the very（恰恰，正好）, the only，any，few，little，no，all修饰时。
This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy.The only thing that is constant is change.There was little that we could do to help her.3．当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best that has been used against pollution.This is the most interesting film that I've ever seen.4. 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.What is the first American film that you have seen?5．当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。
Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?6．当先行词既有人又有物时。
定语从句关系词一、先行词指物，只用that不用whi ch的特殊情况：1、先行词是不定代词all, little, few, someth ing等或被不定代词any, each, every, much, (a) little, (a) few等修饰时。
Eg. Do you have anythi ng that I can do for you? / Thereis much (work) that he can do here.2、先行词是形容词最高级或被最高级所修饰时。
Eg. This is the most intere sting storythat I have heard.3、先行词是序数词（以及last）或被序数词所修饰时。
Eg. This is the firstcity that I visite d in China.4、先行词前有t he very, the only, the just等修饰时。
Eg. This is the very pen that I lost yester day.5、一个句子带有两个定语从句，一个已用wh ich, 为避免重复，另一个只能用that。
Eg. They builtup a factor y whichproduc ed things that sold well.6、先行词既有人又有物时。
Eg. Do you rememb er the things and person s that we oftentalked aboutin our childh ood?7、主句是以wh o或whi ch开头的特殊疑问句时。
Eg. Who is the girl that is standi ng there? / Whichis the car that you bought last night?注：当先行词指人时，除了第6、7条以及有t he same修饰不能用wh o之外，其他情况既能用that又能用wh o/ whom引导。
专题十三定语从句定语从句是英语语法中的重点。
除了在语法填空中会考到，在书面表达中正确恰当地运用定语从句是作文得高分的关键。
另外，在阅读理解中正确理解定语从句也至关重要。
常见考点：1. 指物时只用that或which的情况2. 介词+关系代词3. whose的用法及转换形式4. as与which的区别5. 指人时that与who的区别6. 如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词7. 定语从句的主谓一致问题一、定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰前面的某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，在句中起定语（也就是形容词）的作用。
被定语从句修饰的词叫作先行词。
引导定语从句的词叫关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）或关系副词(where, when, why)。
如：The man who lives next to us is a policeman.先行词关系代词二、关系代词和关系副词的用法关系代词和关系副词又称关系词，用来引导定语从句，代替先行词并在从句中担当一个成分。
其用法见下表：词例先行词充当成分例句关系代词who 人主语This is the doctor who saved my life. 这就是那个救了我生命的医生。
whom 人宾语She is the new student (whom) I want to tell to you. 她就是那个我想告诉你的新学生。
that 人、物主语、宾语Football is a game that is liked by many people. 足球是一项许多人都喜爱的项目。
The man (that) you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚碰到的那个人是我的朋友。
which 物主语、宾语Please pass me the book which is lying on the table. 请把桌上的那本书递给我。
定语从句定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，所以叫做定语从句。
在主句中充当定语成分。
被修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
关系代词：that，which，who（whom），whose，在句子中充当主语，宾语（无what）先行词是人的时候：that，who，whom。
一般来说，who既可以充当主语，也可以充当宾语，但是whom只能充当宾语。
一般多用whom充当宾语。
例句：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（作宾语）Whose：用来指人或物。
例句：I helped the man whose car broke down.I want the book whose cover is red.先行词是物的时候：which，that。
一般情况下，两者可互换。
例句：I saw a accident which/that happened on the street.(作主语）I like the bag which/that you gave me yesterday.（作宾语）关系副词：why，where，when，在句子中充当原因，地点，时间。
一般来说可以跟介词+which 互换，介词视情况而定。
Zhejiang is the place where (in which) I was born.May 1st is the day when（on which）I was born.This is the reason why（for which）I was late for school.判断方式：关系代词or关系副词。
观察从句中缺什么，如果缺主语或宾语，那么首先就得知使用关系代词，指人用who/that，指物用which/that。
定语从句先行词的判断定语从句先行词的判断大家知道定语从句先行词的判断方法吗？以下是店铺分享的定语从句先行词的判断方法哦，欢迎参考！定语从句先行词的判断方法【1】先行词是名词或代词,如果名词或代词后面有修饰它们的句子且它们在句中充当某一成分,它们就是先行词.把先行词还原到从句中,就能判断做什么成份.如:I will never forget the day when I first went to school.(先行词是day)从句=I first went to school on the day.(on the day 在从句中作状语=when)I will never forget the day that was very special to me.(先行词是day)从句=The day was very special to me(the day 在从句中作主语=that/which)定语从句先行词的判断方法【2】关于先行词这个问题,你先忘了英语,全部忘掉,我们先来看看中文中的修饰语,道理是完全一样的,只要你明白了中文的修饰语用法,英语自然也就会了.比如：一个非常漂亮的女孩我去年逛过的城市长着一头长发的女孩我们先来分析：上面三个是什么结构,你一看就知道,是名词结构（或代词）,只不过加了一些修饰词做定语修饰主要名词,对吗?OK,英语定语从句意思搞定：“就是用英文句子来修饰先行词”就更简单的一句话说就是：“定语从句就是形容词”,修饰前面的名词或代词.明白吗?（翻译为………的先行词）,不同的是英语定语从句要后置.一个非常漂亮的…………（女孩）我去年逛过的…………（城市）长着一头长发的…………（女孩）OK翻译：Agirl（名词或代词）who is very beautiful（英语句子做修饰词相当于形容词）Agirl who is very beautifulThe city(名词） I visited last year=形容词The city I visited last yearA girl （名词）who has long hair.（形容词）.A girl who has long hair好了,现在你不需要学习什么英语从句是代词还是副词,什么样的引导词等,现在只有一个理念你要明白,这非常重要,是框架,记住“定语从句就是形容词”紧跟先行词,一定翻译为…………的先行词,这是亘古不变的,打死印在脑海里!【拓展内容】定语从句先行词先行词是被定语从句所修饰的名词、代词。
定语从句中的先行词定语从句中的先行词什么是定于从句，定语从句的先行词有哪些呢?下面是店铺整理的定语从句中的先行词，欢迎大家阅读参考，希望帮助到大家。
定语从句中的先行词定语从句，是用于修饰名词或代词的一个具有完整主谓结构的句子。
被修饰名词或代词在定语从句前面，称为先行词。
引导定语从句的连词，称为关系词，关系词包括关系代词与关系副词。
1. 一个词(名词或代词)【真题例句】For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances ,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.【考点】Who 引导定语从句修饰前面的名词acquaintances。
【翻译】不过，要出现某个社会潮流，每个被这样影响的人必须接着去影响自己认识的人，而这些人反过来再去影响他们认识的人，如此循环下去。
其他人中有多少人注意到这些人，几乎与最初的影响者没有什么关系。
2. 一个短语【真题例句】During the past generation, the America middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities.【考点】句子的主干是the America middle-class family...has been transformed 。
专题13 定语从句【考点综述】：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词。
定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词叫做关系代词（that, which, who, whom,whose）或关系副词(when, where)，关系代词和关系副词放在先行词与定语从句之间，起联系的作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。
根据对定语从句部分全国各省市中考试题的分析可知，今后该部分仍将是重点考查点之一。
其考查重点为：1．定语从句的功用和结构2．关系代词和关系副词的功用3．各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。
阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到定语从句。
【中考真题再现】：1. 【2013湖北咸宁】A graduation ceremony is a custom takes placestudents graduate from a school.A. which; whenB. that; whoC. which; whoseD. that; which2.【2013甘肃兰州】38. Lily doesn’t know ________ she and her friends can do tohelp the little boy ________ parents have left their hometown for making money.A. that; whoseB. how; whoC. what; whoD. what;whose3.【2013湖北黄石】 ( A ) 34. This is the school _______ we visited last year.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. whose【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句的关系词的用法。
当先行词是物时用which，当先行词是人时用who，that既可以指人又可以指物。
训练13定语从句先行词特殊的用法定语从句是高中英语教学的重点、难点，又是高考考查的热点。
仔细研究近年各地高考试题，不难发现命题者往往借助于定语从句先行词的特殊用法，巧妙考查考生在特定语境中对定语从句关系词的选择。
现举数例分析如下： 1.(2006山东)We’re just trying to reach a point_______both sides wi ll sit down together and talk. A. where B. that C. when D. which【解析】答案为A。
本题的先行词是point，此处表示抽象地点且在定语从句中作地点状语，因此应填where。
如果考生只知道point表示“点、分数”，不熟悉其可以表示抽象地点，极易造成误选。
2.(2005上海)If a shop has chairs_______women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where【解析】本题的先行词并不是我们常见的表示地点的名词（如place, room, house, street, area），而是chairs。
命题者正是通过这一点迷惑考生，使考生误选that或which。
本题的句意是：“商店如果有椅子，女士们可以让男士们坐在椅子上”，即women can park their men in/on the chairs,所选关系词在定语从句中应该作地点状语，故选D。
3.(2004湖南)I work in a business______almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.A. howB. whichC. whereD. that【解析】先行词是表地点的a business（商业机构，公司），从句中的谓语动词is waiting for后有宾语a great chance，所以需要填where或in which，故选C。
4.(2003上海)I can think of many cases_______students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but c ouldn’t write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where【解析】本题中的先行词是表示抽象地点的cases（实例，情况），定语从句中不缺主语或宾语，用关系副词where或in which，故选D。
5.(2003北京春季)We are living in an age_______many things are done on computer.A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. when【解析】本题的先行词是an age，表示“时代、年代”，从句是被动语态，句子结构是完整的，故选D。
6.(2005广东)Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes________people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by which C. which D. that【解析】本题的先行词是scenes，表示“场景”的意思。
句意为“在那些场景中，人被老虎吃掉”，即in the scenes people were eaten by the tiger，故选A。
7.（2004全国II）There were dirty marks on her trousers_____she had wiped her hands.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that【解析】答案为A。
本题的先行词是trousers，从句缺少状语，不缺主语和宾语，所以用关系副词引导定语从句。
句意为“在她擦手的裤子上有污迹”。
8.(2001上海)He has got himself into a dangerous situation________he is likely to lose control over the plane.A. whereB. whichC. whileD. why【解析】答案为A。
本题的先行词为situation，意为“境况”，从句中不缺主语或宾语，用关系副词where引导定语从句。
句意为“他陷入飞机很可能失去控制的危险境地”。
由此可见，考生做这类单选试题时应该注意的是：表面上备选项都有that或which，但实际上都要填where, when或介词+ which，这类先行词相对比较固定，常见的有point, case, age, business, occasion,situation, chair等训练13定语从句先行词特殊的用法1. We’re just trying to reach a point_______both sides wi ll sit down together and talk.A. whereB. thatC. whenD. which2. If a shop has chairs_______women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where3. I work in a business______almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.A. howB. whichC. whereD. that4.I can think of many cases_______students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions bu t couldn’t write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where5. We are living in an age_______many things are done on computer.A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. when6. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes________people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by which C. which D. that7.There were dirty marks on her trousers_____she had wiped her hands.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that8.He has got himself into a dangerous situation________he is likely to lose control over the plane.A. whereB. whichC. whileD. why训练13定语从句先行词特殊的用法1. We’re just trying to reach a po int_______both sides will sit down together and talk.A. whereB. thatC. whenD. which2. If a shop has chairs_______women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where3. I work in a business______almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.A. howB. whichC. whereD. that4.I can think of many cases_______students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions bu t couldn’t write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where5. We are living in an age_______many things are done on computer.A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. when6. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered thescenes________people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by which C. which D. that7.There were dirty marks on her trousers_____she had wiped her hands.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that8.He has got himself into a dangerous situation________he is likely to lose control over the plane.A. whereB. whichC. whileD. why如有侵权请联系告知删除，感谢你们的配合！。
