选修七第三模块语法倒装句与强调句(1)
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Section Ⅲ Grammar-倒装和强调[语法初识][语法剖析]英语句子的自然语序是主语在前,谓语动词在后。
若把谓语动词放在主语之前,则构成倒装句。
如果谓语全部放在主语之前,叫完全倒装,此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时;如果只有助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前,则构成部分倒装。
1.完全倒装(1)当表示方位或时间的副词,如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out等置于句首,且主语是名词时。
Out rushed a girl and a cat.一个女孩和一只猫冲了出来。
Away flew the birds.鸟儿飞走了。
[名师点津] 以上结构中,主语为代词时,不能构成倒装。
(2)当表示地点或方位的介词短语位于句首且主语是名词时。
In the front of the stage stands a famous singer.舞台前站着一位著名的歌唱家。
(3)形容词(短语),过去分词(短语)、现在分词(短语)或介词短语作表语位于句首时,且主语部分较长时,其结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。
Present at the meeting are Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授和许多其他客人。
Hanging on the wall is a picture drawn by a 6yearold boy.墙上挂的是一个6岁男孩画的画。
2.部分倒装(1)表示否定意义的not, never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, rarely, little, in no case, by no means, at no time, on no condition, not until等置于句首时。
外研版高中英语选修7讲义Module3SectionⅢGrammar——倒装句和强调句Section ⅢGrammar——倒装句和强调句一、倒装在英语中,有时为了强调或为了保持句子的平衡,把谓语的一部分或整个谓语提到主语之前,这就是倒装。
就其形式来说,分为两种:一种是把整个谓语放在主语之前,即全部倒装;另一种是把谓语的一部分,即助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,即部分倒装。
1.全部倒装(1)here,there,now,then,away,down,in,off,out等副词位于句首且句子主语为名词时,用全部倒装。
Now comes the chance.现在机会来了。
There stands a leaning tower in the city of Pisa.比萨城内矗立着一座斜塔。
Up went the arrow into the sky.箭射向了天空。
[名师点津]上述结构中,若主语句子是代词时,则不用倒装;而且在这类句子中句子的谓语动词多为go,come,rush,run,fly等。
Here he comes.他来了。
(2)表示地点的介词短语位于句首时,句子要全部倒装。
By the river stands a big paper-making factory.河边有一家大型造纸厂。
(3)为使上下文衔接紧密或保持句子平衡,常把作表语的形容词、副词、分词等提到句首,且句子全部倒装。
Gone are the days when people were at the mercy of weather.人们靠天气吃饭的日子一去不复返了。
[即时演练1]完成句子(使用倒装形式)①Now comes your turn(轮到你了).②Out rushed the boys(男孩们就冲出去了)when the bell rang.③In front of the stage stood a singer(站着一位歌唱家).2.部分倒装(1)当only修饰状语(副词或介词短语)或状语从句且位于句首时,用部分倒装。
Section Ⅲ Grammar-倒装和强调[语法初识][语法剖析]英语句子的自然语序是主语在前,谓语动词在后。
若把谓语动词放在主语之前,则构成倒装句。
如果谓语全部放在主语之前,叫完全倒装,此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时;如果只有助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前,则构成部分倒装。
1.完全倒装(1)当表示方位或时间的副词,如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out等置于句首,且主语是名词时。
Out rushed a girl and a cat.一个女孩和一只猫冲了出来。
Away flew the birds.鸟儿飞走了。
[名师点津] 以上结构中,主语为代词时,不能构成倒装。
(2)当表示地点或方位的介词短语位于句首且主语是名词时。
In the front of the stage stands a famous singer.舞台前站着一位著名的歌唱家。
(3)形容词(短语),过去分词(短语)、现在分词(短语)或介词短语作表语位于句首时,且主语部分较长时,其结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。
Present at the meeting are Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授和许多其他客人。
Hanging on the wall is a picture drawn by a 6yearold boy.墙上挂的是一个6岁男孩画的画。
2.部分倒装(1)表示否定意义的not, never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, rarely, little, in no case, by no means, at no time, on no condition, not until等置于句首时。
语法辨析强调句与倒装句的区别与应用强调句与倒装句是英语语法中常见的两种结构,它们在句子结构和语义表达上具有一定的相似之处,但同时又有着明显的区别和不同的应用场景。
本文将对强调句和倒装句进行详细的辨析,并分析它们在实际运用中的差异和适用范围。
一、强调句的特点和应用强调句是为了突出某个成分、某种情况或某个观点而使用的特殊句式,通过在句子中使用"it is"或"there is/are"等结构进行增强语气,进而产生强调的效果。
在强调句中,被强调的成分通常放在句首或句末位置。
1. 强调句的形式强调句的基本形式为:"It is/was" + 被强调部分 + "that/who/which" + 其余部分。
例如:- It is Mary who won the first prize in the competition.- There is an urgent matter that needs your immediate attention.2. 强调句的功能强调句的主要功能是为了使某个成分显得更为突出和重要,从而引起读者或听者的注意。
它可以用于强调人物、事物、地点、时间、原因等各种具体的成分。
例如:- It was at the top of the mountain that they finally found the lost treasure.- There is only one person who can solve this problem.二、倒装句的特点和应用倒装句是指在英语句子中,将谓语动词或助动词放在主语之前的结构。
它常用于条件句、状语从句、助动词后面省略的情况以及某些特殊句型中,以使句子结构更加紧凑或突出句子中的某些成分。
1. 完全倒装句在一般陈述句中,要出现倒装结构,主要有以下几种情况:- 在表示地点和方向的状语从句中,介词短语位于句首时,需要倒装。
语法中的倒装句与强调句型倒装句和强调句是英语语法中常用的句型,它们在句子结构和表达效果方面具有独特的特点。
本文将详细介绍倒装句和强调句的定义、用法和变换形式,并结合具体例子加以说明。
一、倒装句倒装句是指将正常语序中的主语和谓语进行调换,从而改变句子的结构。
倒装句分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种形式。
1. 完全倒装完全倒装句的主语和谓语之间完全调换位置,常见的情况包括:a. 在以副词或短语开头的句子中,如:Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset before.(我从未见过如此美丽的日落。
)b. 在以表示地点的副词或介词短语开头的句子中,如:Up the hill ran the little boy.(小男孩跑上了山坡。
)c. 在以否定词开头的句子中,如:Not only did he lose his job, but he also had to pay a fine.(他不仅失去了工作,还必须支付罚款。
)2. 部分倒装部分倒装句是指将助动词、系动词或情态动词与主语进行调换位置,常见的情况包括:a. 在以否定副词或短语开头的句子中,如:Seldom do I go to the cinema.(我很少去电影院。
)b. 在以表示否定意义的副词或词组放在句首引起的句子中,如:Under no circumstances can you smoke here.(在任何情况下,你都不能在这里吸烟。
)c. 在以only修饰状语时引起的句子中,如:Only in this way can you achieve success.(只有这样,你才能取得成功。
)二、强调句强调句是指通过特定的结构和表达方式来强调句子中的某个成分,以突出其重要性或特殊性。
强调句通常使用it is/was…that结构或者wh-词 + do/does/did结构。
1. It is/was…that结构强调句中的主语通常被置于it is/was…that开头的句子中,通过这种方式突出主语。
Module 3 Literature Section m Grammar——倒装句和强调句先观察原句语境自主领悟©In front of the house stopped a police car.②The door of the classroom opened and out rushed the children.©Never have I heard anything like it!语境自主领悟先观察原句©No sooner had the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.⑤Not until at least thirty seconds had passed, was the man able to speak.@It was Oliver Twist who was chosen.1 •句①②中谓语动词全部放在主语之前,是兀全倒装。
[2.句③④⑤中部分谓语动词放在了主语之前,是部分倒装。
;3.句⑥是强调句型,本句中强调上,故可用who,其余无论强调什么一律使用欣。
I I I I点严一\倒装!在英语中,有时为了强调或为了保持句子的平衡,把谓语的一部分或整个谓语提到主语之前,这就是倒装。
就其形式来说,分为两种: 『种是把整个谓语放在主语之前,即全部倒装;另一种是把谓语的一部分,即助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,即部分倒装。
;1.全部倒装(l)here, there, now, then, away, down, in, off, out 等副词位于句首且句子主语为名词时,用全部倒装。
8 Now comes the chance.;现在机会来了。
;;;;;;;;There stands a leaning tower in the city of Pisa.比萨城内矗立着一座斜塔。
初中英语中的倒装句与强调句在初中英语的学习中,倒装句和强调句是两个比较重要的语法点。
它们不仅在语法结构上有独特之处,而且在表达上能够增强语言的表现力和感染力。
接下来,让我们一起深入了解一下这两种句型。
一、倒装句(一)完全倒装完全倒装是将整个谓语动词置于主语之前。
常见的情况有以下几种:1、表示地点、方位的副词或介词短语位于句首时,句子要完全倒装。
例如:“Here comes the bus”(公交车来了。
)“In front of the house stands a tall tree”(房子前面有一棵大树。
)2、表示时间的副词 now,then 位于句首时,句子要完全倒装。
比如:“Now comes your turn”(现在轮到你了。
)“Then followed three days of heavy rain”(接着是三天的大雨。
)(二)部分倒装部分倒装是将谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)置于主语之前。
以下是一些常见的部分倒装的情况:1、否定词或具有否定意义的词位于句首时,句子要部分倒装。
常见的否定词有 never,seldom,hardly,little,few,not,not until 等。
例如:“Never have I seen such a beautiful place”(我从未见过如此美丽的地方。
)“Not until he came back did I know the truth”(直到他回来我才知道真相。
)2、“only +状语”位于句首时,句子要部分倒装。
“Only in this way can you learn English well”(只有通过这种方式你才能学好英语。
)3、 so / neither / nor 位于句首,表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人或物时,句子要部分倒装。
例如:“He likes swimming So do I”(他喜欢游泳,我也喜欢。
选修七第三模块语法倒装句与强调句(1)倒装句与强调句倒装句Warm-up1.Now come the men’s 110 hurdles.2.Out rush the athletes.3.Up they jump.4.So fast does John run that he breaks the school record.5.Never shall we forget the exciting moment.Why do we use inversion ?1.To emphasize(强调) a certain content2.To express our strong feelings一、定义:在英语中,主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前,谓语在后。
但有时为了语法结构的需要,或者是为了强调,将谓语的全部或一部分提到主语的前面,这种语序叫做倒装。
倒装可分为:a.全部倒装如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫全部倒装;b.部分倒装如果只把助动词或be 动词等放在主语之前, 叫部分倒装或半倒装。
二、倒装难点①部分倒装还是完全倒装。
②若有主从句,哪句倒装。
三、完全倒装1.there be (exist、appear、lie、stand等) + subject例:There are many students in the classroom.Many students are there in the classroom.2.用于“here (there, now, then) + 不及物动词+ 主语的句型中,或以out, in, up, down, away 等方向副词开头的句子里面,表示强调。
Here comes the bus.There goes the bell.Now comes our turn.Out went the children.注意:代词做主语时,主谓语序不变Here comes the bus.Here it comes.Out they went.Out went the children.3. 当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。
In the middle of the city lies a big steel factory.From the valley came a frightening sound.Under the tree stands a little boy.4.表语提前,为了平衡句子或是为了强调Some experienced teachers are present at the meeting.Present at the meeting ___________________________.口诀:有时表地方四、部分倒装1. Never shall I do this again.2. You can say “no”to the order at no time.3. You will learn English well only in this way.把助动词, 情态动词, 系动词放在主语之前,即: 助动词\情态动词\ be动词+ subject + v +…1. 否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时,常见的有:in no way,in no case,by no means,on no account, at no time, under no circumstances(决不,无论如何都不)not only…but also, never, little, rarely, seldom, hardly(几乎不,几乎没有),no sooner...than,hardly (scarcely)…when, not until 等.这里绝不允许吸烟。
At no time are you allowed to smoke here.In no way are you allowed to smoke here.2.Only + _____ ( , 或) 放在句首时, 要半倒装。
Only when you listen to me attentively , can you understand what I am saying.Only then did he realize his mistakes.Only in this way can you learn math well.只有我们自己才能拯救自己。
Only we ourselves can save ourselves.Only can we ourselves save ourselves.注意:only 虽在句首但不修饰状语时用正常语序,不倒装3.as/though引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管”,“虽然”1.As you are young, you know a lot.Young _________, you know a lot.2.As you are a child, you know a lot._______ as you are, you know a lot.as引导的让步状语从句可以把表语提到前面来,采用“形容词(或副词、名词、实义动词原形)+ as +主语+谓语”这种形式.Tired as he was, he continued to work.Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.注意:句首名词不能带任何冠词。
句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。
如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
4. 当So (Neither /Nor)位于句首,表示前面所说的情况也(不)适用于另一人(或物)时。
So/Neither/Nor +be/助动词/情态动词+主语1.Peter can’t answer the question. __________I.2. Tom went to the ball(舞会)yesterday._______I.5.often, always, many a time在句首He has been to Tieling many a time.Many a time __________ to Tieling.6.虚拟语气中,可将were, had , should提至句首,if省略____ I a bird, I would fly freely.省略了if 的虚拟条件句从句的谓语动词如果是were, had(无论它是助动词还是实义动词), should 时,可省略if, 将其提前。
Had you worked hard at your lessons, you would have passed the exam.Had I time, I would go to Tieling with you.7.so/such…that句型提前So well________that the teacher praised her.A.she had done her homeworkB.her homework had been doneC.did she do her homeworkD.she did her homework8 may表示祝愿放在开头I hope you will be successful!____ you ________!总结:不只让步也常需如此祝福五、哪个句子倒装?前倒后不倒:1.not only…but also,2.so/such…that,3.no sooner…than/hardly…when4.if虚拟从句中。
前不倒后倒:1.only+状语从句+主句(倒装)2.not until+状语从句+主句(倒装)强调句一、强调句的定义强调是有效地进行思想交流的重要手段之一。
人们在交际过程中,为了使自己的思想能为听者或读者恰当的理解,必须突出重要的内容,这就需要运用强调的手段。
二、强调的构成在现代英语中,人们可以通过语音手段、词汇手段、语法手段来进行强调。
三、语法强调Do be careful!He did tell me the news.She does love talking.1.强调谓语(predicate)有人称、数和时态的变化2 :强调句型It is I who am wrong.It is in a small factory that my brother is going to work.例:They will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow.强调主语It is they that/who will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow.强调宾语It is a meeting that they will have in the hall tomorrow.强调地点状语It is in the hall that they will have a meeting tomorrow.强调时间状语It is tomorrow that they will have a meeting in the hall.注意①主谓一致:被强调部分作主语时,其形式与谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致。
It is Mary who often ____ (help) me with my English.It is I that ____ (be) against you.It is the boy students of Class Two who ____ (be) playing football on the playground.②人称照应:强调主语用主格,强调宾语用宾格。
③问句形式:一般疑问句:Is/Was it + 被强调部分+ that + 句子的其它成分+?Is it the dictionary that you are looking for?Was it yesterday that he was fired?特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+is/was +it+that+句子的其它成分+?What is it that you want me to do ?Who was it that told you the news?When was it that you called me?How was it that you succeed?⑷当强调not…until结构时,必须将not until连用,后面接肯定式。