初三英语定语从句讲解及练习题
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可编辑修改精选全文完整版中考定语从句讲解与练习一、定语从句的概述在复合句中修饰或限定名词、代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰或限定的名词、代词叫做先行词;引导定语从句的词叫做引导词。
定语从句放在所修饰、限定的词(先行词)之后。
例1:The boy who is reading a story book is my brother. 那个正在读一本故事书的男孩是我的兄弟。
在这句话中,who is reading a story book.是定语从句。
它修饰、限定the boy,the boy是先行词,引导定语从句的who是引导词。
二、定语从句的分类:定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1. 限制性定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面,用来说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况,与先行词的关系非常密切,翻译时一般要译到先行词的前面;如果去掉,则整个句子的意思含混不清。
A doctor is a person who looks after people's health. 医生是照顾人们健康的人。
2. 非限制性定语从句起到补充说明作用,译为汉语时常不译作定语,而是根据句意译为相应的其他形式的从句。
它与主句的关系不如限制性定语从句密切,只是对先行词作附加说明,既使去掉,主句的意思依然清楚。
非限制性定语从句前往往有逗号与主句隔开,如非限制性定语从句放在句子中间,其前后都需要用逗号与隔开。
Yesterday, Jimmy left for Canada, where he had stayed two years.昨天,吉米动身到加拿大去了,他曾在那儿呆了两年。
三、定语从句的引导词引导定语从句的词称为引导词,它一方面连接先行词和定语从句;别一方面又在定语从句中充当句子成份,引导词一般不能按照疑问代词或疑问副词的意义进行翻译,一般情况下应译为“……的”。
定语从句的引导词可为分为关系代词和关系副词。
一、定语从句的概念定语从句的用法和精练在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词后二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who( 宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why 等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。
非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法(一)限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法作用宾语先行词主语及物动词宾语或没被提前的介词宾语被提前的的介定语词宾语指人Who/that, as Who/whom/that,as 介词+whom Whose/ofwhom指物Which/that, as That/which, as 介词+which Whose/of which1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle玛. The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue我.丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(that 作主语)放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that 作宾语)2. which 用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarke位t.家超市。
(作主语)于火车站附近的那座大楼是一The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
九年级英语定语从句关系副词练习题40题含答案解析1.This is the park ______ I often take a walk.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when答案解析:C。
本题考查关系副词where 的用法。
先行词是park,表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where。
A、B 选项which 和that 是关系代词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,本题中从句不缺主语和宾语,所以不能选。
D 选项when 是关系副词,在定语从句中作时间状语,不符合本题要求。
2.The village ______ he was born is very beautiful.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when答案解析:C。
先行词是village,表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where。
A、B 选项which 和that 是关系代词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,本题中从句不缺主语和宾语,所以不能选。
D 选项when 是关系副词,在定语从句中作时间状语,不符合本题要求。
3.The house ______ we lived last year is being repaired.B.thatC.whereD.when答案解析:C。
先行词是house,表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where。
A、B 选项which 和that 是关系代词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,本题中从句不缺主语和宾语,所以不能选。
D 选项when 是关系副词,在定语从句中作时间状语,不符合本题要求。
4.The city ______ I work is very modern.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when答案解析:C。
先行词是city,表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where。
A、B 选项which 和that 是关系代词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,本题中从句不缺主语和宾语,所以不能选。
九年级英语定语从句练习题30题含答案解析1.This is the man _____ helped me yesterday.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
先行词man 在定语从句中作主语,关系代词可以用who 或者that。
whom 只能在定语从句中作宾语。
2.The girl _____ I met at the party is very friendly.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A、B 和C。
先行词girl 在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词可以用who、whom 或者that。
但是who 更常用作主语,whom 更常用作宾语,that 既可以作主语也可以作宾语。
3.The teacher _____ we all respect is very kind.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A、B 和C。
先行词teacher 在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词可以用who、whom 或者that。
4.The man _____ is sitting over there is my uncle.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
先行词man 在定语从句中作主语,关系代词可以用who 或者that。
whom 只能在定语从句中作宾语。
5.The woman _____ I talked to just now is a doctor.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A、B 和C。
先行词woman 在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词可以用who、whom 或者that。
6.The boy _____ won the first prize is very happy.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
先行词boy 在定语从句中作主语,关系代词可以用who 或者that。
whom 只能在定语从句中作宾语。
7.The singer _____ songs are very popular is coming to our city.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
九年级英语定语从句分析练习题30题含答案解析1.This is the book which/that I bought yesterday.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whose答案解析:B、C。
本题先行词是book,是物,在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词可用which 或that。
A 选项who 用于指人;D 选项whose 表示所属关系。
2.The man who/that is talking to my teacher is my father.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whose答案解析:A、C。
本题先行词是man,是人,在定语从句中作主语,关系代词可用who 或that。
B 选项which 用于指物;D 选项whose 表示所属关系。
3.The house which/that is big and beautiful belongs to my uncle.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whose答案解析:B、C。
本题先行词是house,是物,在定语从句中作主语,关系代词可用which 或that。
A 选项who 用于指人;D 选项whose 表示所属关系。
4.The girl who/that is singing a song is my classmate.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whose答案解析:A、C。
本题先行词是girl,是人,在定语从句中作主语,关系代词可用who 或that。
B 选项which 用于指物;D 选项whose 表示所属关系。
5.The pen which/that I lost yesterday was red.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whose答案解析:B、C。
本题先行词是pen,是物,在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词可用which 或that。
A 选项who 用于指人;D 选项whose 表示所属关系。
初三英语定语从句练习题30题答案解析版1. The boy ______ is standing there is my brother.A. whichB. whoC. whomD. what答案:B。
解析:本题考查定语从句关系代词的用法。
先行词是the boy,表示人,在定语从句中作主语。
关系代词which用于先行词是物的情况,所以A选项错误;whom在定语从句中作宾语,这里需要作主语的关系代词,C选项错误;what不能用于定语从句,D选项错误;而who可以用于先行词是人的情况且在从句中作主语,所以选B。
2. I like the book ______ you lent me yesterday.A. thatB. whoC. whomD. where答案:A。
解析:先行词是the book,是物。
关系代词who和whom 用于先行词是人的情况,所以B和C选项错误;where是关系副词,在定语从句中作地点状语,而这里需要关系代词,D选项错误;that 可用于先行词是物的情况,在定语从句中可以作宾语,这里lent me 的宾语就是先行词the book,所以选A。
3. The man ______ I met yesterday is my teacher.A. whichB. whoC. whoseD. when答案:B。
解析:先行词是the man,是人。
which用于先行词是物的情况,A选项错误;whose在定语从句中作定语,表示所属关系,这里不符合,C选项错误;when是关系副词,作时间状语,这里不需要,D选项错误;who用于先行词是人的情况,在从句中作宾语(I met the man),所以选B。
4. This is the house ______ my grandparents lived.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. who答案:C。
解析:先行词是the house,在定语从句中表示地点。
中考英语定语从句练习题30题含答案解析1.This is the book ____ I bought yesterday.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案解析:A 和B。
本题考查定语从句关系代词的用法。
先行词是book( 物),关系代词可以用that 或which。
who 和whom 用于指人,不符合本题。
2.The man ____ is talking to my teacher is my father.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which答案解析:A 和C。
先行词是man( 人),在定语从句中作主语,关系代词可以用who 或that。
whom 用于先行词在从句中作宾语,which 用于指物,不符合本题。
3.The girl ____ I met at the party is very friendly.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which语时可以用whom,作主语时可以用who 或that。
which 用于指物,不符合本题。
4.The house ____ we live in is very old.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案解析:A 和B。
先行词是house( 物),关系代词可以用that 或which。
who 和whom 用于指人,不符合本题。
5.The movie ____ we watched last night was very interesting.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案解析:A 和B。
先行词是movie( 物),关系代词可以用that 或which。
who 和whom 用于指人,不符合本题。
6.The teacher ____ teaches us English is very kind.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which语,关系代词可以用who 或that。
人教版九年级英语定语从句练习题30题含答案解析1. I like the book _______ was written by Lu Xun.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. whose答案解析:C。
在这个句子中,先行词是“the book”,表示物。
关系代词“who”和“whom”通常用来指人,所以A和B选项不符合。
“whose”表示所属关系,在这里不合适。
“which”用于指物,在定语从句中作主语,所以C是正确答案。
2. The boy _______ mother is a teacher is my best friend.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. whose答案解析:D。
先行词是“the boy”,这里需要一个关系代词表示“男孩的”妈妈,“whose”表示所属关系,用于指人或物,在这里表示“男孩的”,A选项“who”在定语从句中作主语或宾语,B选项“whom”作宾语,C选项“which”用于指物,所以D正确。
3. Do you know the man _______ I met yesterday?A. whoB. whomC. which答案解析:A。
先行词是“the man”,在定语从句“I met yesterday”中,“the man”作主语,“who”可以在定语从句中作主语,“whom”只能作宾语,C选项“which”用于指物,D选项“whose”表示所属关系,所以A正确。
4. She is the girl _______ we are looking for.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. whose答案解析:B。
先行词是“the girl”,在定语从句“we are looking for”中,“the girl”作宾语,“whom”用于在定语从句中作宾语,“who”作主语,C选项“which”用于指物,D选项“whose”表示所属关系,所以B正确。
九年级英语定语从句练习题30题含答案解析1.This is the man ______ helped me yesterday.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:A。
“who”在定语从句中作主语,指人。
本句中“who helped me yesterday”修饰“the man”,且在从句中作主语,所以选A。
“whom”在定语从句中作宾语;“whose”表示所属关系。
2.The girl ______ I met at the party is very friendly.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:A。
“who”在定语从句中作主语,指人。
本句中“who I met at the party”修饰“the girl”,且在从句中作主语,所以选A。
“whom”在定语从句中作宾语;“whose”表示所属关系。
3.The teacher ______ class is very interesting is Mr. Wang.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:C。
“whose”在定语从句中表示所属关系。
本句中“whose class is very interesting”修饰“the teacher”,表示“老师的课很有趣”,所以选C。
“who”在定语从句中作主语,指人;“whom”在定语从句中作宾语。
4.The boy ______ mother is a doctor is my classmate.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:C。
“whose”在定语从句中表示所属关系。
本句中“whose mother is a doctor”修饰“the boy”,表示“男孩的妈妈是医生”,所以选C。
“who”在定语从句中作主语,指人;“whom”在定语从句中作宾语。
5.The woman ______ we saw in the park is a famous singer.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:A。
九年级英语定语从句讲解及习题一.定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句(以下简称定语从句)。
由定冠词修饰的词称为先行词。
定语必须放在先行词之后。
有关系代词that,who,who,who和关系副词when,where,why。
确定从句的基本结构是:先行词+关系词+确定从句。
二.关系代词和关系副词的功用:关系代词和关系副词用来引导定从,在先行词和定从之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。
关系代词和关系副词又在定从中充当一个成分。
关系代词做主语,宾语,定语,关系副词可作状语。
1.主语:当关系代词用作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数量必须与先行词一致。
我不喜欢人们喜欢的酒店。
2.作宾语:sheisthepersonthatimetattheschoolgateyesterday.3.定语:定语中用作定语的关系代词。
这就是我出生的那所房子九年级英语定语从句专项练习题及答案定义:在复句中充当定语并修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。
被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词,位于从句之前。
定语从句有关系代词that、which、who、whose、whom和关系副词when、where、why引导.定语从句的基本结构是:先行词+关系代词/副词+句子doyouknowtheboywhoiswearingabluejacket?这条裙子太贵了。
伊坎塔福德。
thenumberofthepeoplewho/thatowncarsisincreasing.我们的邻居现在住的那所房子很小。
考点1.关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why.a、既能指人又能指物,不能省略;作为一个对象,它可以省略;不要引导非限制性定语从句therearelotsofthings________ineedtopreparebeforethetrip.(10河北)a、哇。
太好了。
人教版九年级英语定语从句练习题40题【含答案解析】1.The man ______ is wearing a blue shirt is my teacher.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which答案解析:A 和C。
先行词是man,指人,在定语从句中作主语,可以用who 或者that。
whom 只能在定语从句中作宾语;which 只能指代物。
2.The girl ______ I talked to just now is very friendly.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which答案解析:B。
先行词是girl,指人,在定语从句中作宾语,只能用whom。
who 只能在定语从句中作主语;that 既可以作主语也可以作宾语,但此处强调宾语的身份;which 只能指代物。
3.The people ______ live in this city are very nice.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which答案解析:A 和C。
先行词是people,指人,在定语从句中作主语,可以用who 或者that。
whom 只能在定语从句中作宾语;which 只能指代物。
4.The woman ______ we met at the store is a doctor.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which答案解析:A 和C。
先行词是woman,指人,在定语从句中作宾语,也可以用who 或者that。
whom 更强调宾语的身份;which 只能指代物。
5.The boy ______ is playing basketball is my brother.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which答案解析:A 和C。
先行词是boy,指人,在定语从句中作主语,可以用who 或者that。
whom 只能在定语从句中作宾语;which 只能指代物。
6.The man ______ I saw yesterday is a famous writer.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which答案解析:A 和C。
九年级英语非限制性定语从句练习题20题带答案解析1.Mary,who is my best friend,loves reading books.A.who is my best friendB.that is my best friendC.whom is my best friendD.which is my best friend答案解析:A。
本题考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。
先行词Mary 是人,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,引导词用who。
B 选项that 不能引导非限制性定语从句;C 选项whom 在从句中作宾语;D 选项which 用于先行词是物的时候。
非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别在于,非限制性定语从句只是对先行词的补充说明,去掉后不影响句子的主要意思。
2.Tom,who comes from London,is very friendly.A.who comes from LondonB.that comes from LondonC.whom comes from LondonD.which comes from London答案解析:A。
先行词Tom 是人,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,引导词用who。
B 选项that 不能引导非限制性定语从句;C 选项whom 在从句中作宾语;D 选项which 用于先行词是物的时候。
3.Jack,who has a lot of hobbies,likes playing basketball.A.who has a lot of hobbiesB.that has a lot of hobbiesC.whom has a lot of hobbiesD.which has a lot of hobbies答案解析:A。
先行词Jack 是人,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,引导词用who。
B 选项that 不能引导非限制性定语从句;C 选项whom 在从句中作宾语;D 选项which 用于先行词是物的时候。
九年级英语定语从句练习题30题【含答案解析】1. I like the book ____ was written by Lu Xun.A. thatB. whoC. whomD. whose答案:A。
解析:先行词是“the book”,表示物,在定语从句中作主语,关系代词用that或which,这里选项A符合要求。
选项B“who”用于先行词是人的情况,在从句中作主语;选项C“whom”用于先行词是人的情况,在从句中作宾语;选项D“whose”表示所属关系,在这里不合适。
2. The girl ____ I met yesterday is my classmate.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whose答案:A。
解析:先行词是“the girl”,表示人,在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词可以用that、who或者whom,这里选项A正确。
选项B“which”用于先行词是物的情况;选项C“what”不能用于定语从句;选项D“whose”表示所属关系,不符合题意。
3. This is the house ____ windows are very big.A. thatB. whichC. whose答案:C。
解析:先行词是“the house”,这里表示所属关系,即房子的窗户,关系代词用whose。
选项A“that”和选项B“which”在从句中主要充当主语或宾语,不表示所属关系;选项D“who”用于先行词是人的情况。
4. Do you know the man ____ is standing there?A. whoB. whichC. thatD. both A and C答案:D。
解析:先行词是“the man”,表示人,在定语从句中作主语,关系代词可以用who或者that,所以选项D正确。
选项B“which”用于先行词是物的情况。
5. I still remember the day ____ we first met.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where答案:A。
九年级英语定语从句练习题30题含答案解析1.This is the man ____ saved the child.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:A。
“who”在定语从句中作主语,指人。
这句话中“the man”在从句中作主语,所以用“who”。
“whom”在定语从句中作宾语;“whose”在定语从句中表示所属关系。
2.The girl ____ I met yesterday is very kind.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:B。
“whom”在定语从句中作宾语,这句话中“I met”缺少宾语,且先行词“the girl”指人,所以用“whom”。
“who”作主语;“whose”表示所属关系。
3.The teacher ____ book is on the desk is very popular.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:C。
“whose”在定语从句中表示所属关系,这句话中“book”与“the teacher”是所属关系,所以用“whose”。
“who”作主语;“whom”作宾语。
4.The boy ____ is playing basketball is my classmate.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:A。
“who”在定语从句中作主语,这句话中“the boy”在从句中作主语,所以用“who”。
“whom”作宾语;“whose”表示所属关系。
5.The woman ____ we saw at the park is a famous singer.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:A。
“who”在定语从句中作主语,这句话中“the woman”在从句中作主语,所以用“who”。
“whom”作宾语;“whose”表示所属关系。
6.The man ____ car is red is a doctor.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:C。
初三英语定语从句练习题30题含答案解析1.This is the man _____ helped me yesterday.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
先行词man 在定语从句中作主语,关系代词who 和that 可以作主语,whom 只能作宾语。
所以排除B。
2.The woman _____ I talked to is my teacher.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A、B 和C。
先行词woman 在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词who、whom 和that 都可以作宾语。
但是who 通常作主语,whom 只能作宾语,that 既可以作主语也可以作宾语。
这里用whom 更正式,用who 和that 也可以。
3.The boy _____ is wearing a red shirt is my classmate.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
先行词boy 在定语从句中作主语,关系代词who 和that 可以作主语,whom 只能作宾语。
所以排除B。
4.The girl _____ he likes is very beautiful.B.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
先行词girl 在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词who、whom 和that 都可以作宾语。
但是who 通常作主语,whom 只能作宾语,that 既可以作主语也可以作宾语。
这里用who 和that 更合适。
5.The man _____ we met at the party is a famous singer.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A、B 和C。
先行词man 在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词who、whom 和that 都可以作宾语。
但是who 通常作主语,whom 只能作宾语,that 既可以作主语也可以作宾语。
这里用whom 更正式,用who 和that 也可以。
初三英语定语从句练习题30题含答案解析1. I like the book ______ was written by Lu Xun.A. whoB. whichC. whatD. whom答案解析:B。
在这个句子中,先行词是“book”(书),是物,在定语从句中作主语。
关系代词“which”用于指物且在从句中作主语或宾语。
选项A“who”用于指人,这里先行词是书不是人,所以A错误。
选项C“what”不能用于引导定语从句,所以C错误。
选项D“whom”用于指人且在从句中作宾语,不符合本题要求,所以D错误。
2. The girl ______ has long hair is my sister.A. whoB. whichC. whereD. when答案解析:A。
此句中先行词是“girl”( 女孩),是人,在定语从句中作主语。
关系代词“who”用于指人且在从句中作主语,所以A正确。
选项B“which”用于指物,不能用于指人,所以B错误。
选项C“where”在定语从句中作地点状语,这里不是描述地点的,所以C错误。
选项D“when”在定语从句中作时间状语,这里不是描述时间的,所以D错误。
3. This is the dog ______ saved the boy.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. what答案解析:C。
先行词是“dog” 狗),是物,在定语从句中作主语。
关系代词“that”既可以指人也可以指物,在这个句子中可以使用。
选项A“who”用于指人,不能用于指狗,所以A错误。
选项B“which”虽然也可以指物,但“that”在这里更常用。
选项D“what”不能用于引导定语从句,所以D错误。
4. I know the man ______ you met yesterday.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. both A and C答案解析:D。
先行词是“man”(男人),是人,在定语从句中作宾语。
中考英语定语从句关系词用法辨析练习题30题含答案解析1.This is the book that/which I bought yesterday.thatwhich答案解析:先行词是book,指物,关系代词在从句中作宾语,that 和which 都可以引导定语从句,修饰指物的先行词,且在从句中作宾语。
2.The man who/that is standing there is my teacher.whothat答案解析:先行词是man,指人,关系代词在从句中作主语,who 和that 都可以引导定语从句,修饰指人的先行词,且在从句中作主语。
3.The house which/that is big and beautiful is mine.whichthat答案解析:先行词是house,指物,关系代词在从句中作主语,that 和which 都可以引导定语从句,修饰指物的先行词,且在从句中作主语。
4.The girl who/that is singing is very beautiful.whothat答案解析:先行词是girl,指人,关系代词在从句中作主语,who 和that 都可以引导定语从句,修饰指人的先行词,且在从句中作主语。
5.The book which/that I read is very interesting.whichthat答案解析:先行词是book,指物,关系代词在从句中作宾语,that 和which 都可以引导定语从句,修饰指物的先行词,且在从句中作宾语。
6.The man who/that helped me is very kind.whothat答案解析:先行词是man,指人,关系代词在从句中作主语,who 和that 都可以引导定语从句,修饰指人的先行词,且在从句中作主语。
7.The car which/that is red is very expensive.whichthat答案解析:先行词是car,指物,关系代词在从句中作主语,that 和which 都可以引导定语从句,修饰指物的先行词,且在从句中作主语。
初三英语定语从句讲解及练习题在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whose, whom, which, that 。
引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where, why。
关系代词在定语从句中做主语,宾语,定语。
关系副词在定语从句中做状语。
一、who引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语),修饰表示人的先行词。
This is the man who helped me.The boy who二、whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,修饰表示人的先行词,口语中可以省略。
The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room.The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li.=The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. (介词后whom不能省略) The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开,仍放在动词之后。
look for / look after /take care of / put on / take off…)三、whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语,修饰表示人或物的先行词。
Do you know the woman whose name is Mary. Pass me the dictionary whose cover is black.He has a friend whose father is a doctor.四、that引导的定语从句,that在从句中做主语或宾语、修饰表示人或物的先行词。
作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语. (that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which)The letter (thatI can’t find the letter thatDo you still remember the days (thatThe house (that=The house in which we live is not large.The doctor (that五、which引导的定语从句,which在从句中做主语,也可做宾语,或介词的宾语,修饰表示物的先行词。
This is the book (which/that ) you want.The building whichThe room in which there is a machine is a workshop.(介词后面的which不能省略)The house (which/that) we live in is not large.This is the watch (which/that ) he was looking for.六、that 和which 都可以修饰表示物的先行词, 但是下列情况只能用that.先行词为不定代词all, few, little, much, everything, nothing, anything等.All (that) you have to do is to practise every day. There isn’t much (that) I can do.Tell us everything that you know, please.Is there anything that you don’t understand?先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时.The first lesson (that) I learned will never be forgotten.This is the best film (that ) I have ever seen.先行词被all, any, every, few, little, no, some, much 等不定代词修饰时.I have read all the books (that) you gave me.先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same 等修饰时.This is the very book that I want to read.This is the same book that I want to read.This is the last time ( that ) I shall give you a lesson.This is the only thing that I can remember.七、由when 引导的定语从句,修饰表示时间的先行词,when为关系副词,做定语从句的时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.I still remember the day on which I first came to Beijing.( 介词+which可以代替when)I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.I remember the days which八、由where 引导的定语从句,修饰表示地点的先行词,where为关系副词,做定语从句的地点状语。
This is the place where we lived for five years.The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.The factory in which his father works is in the west of the city.( 介词+which可以代替where)This is a place which/that I wanted to visit.Shanghai is the city where I was born.九、Why引导的定语从句,why做原因状语。
I know the reason why he came late. ( for+which可以代替why)The reason why / for which he was late was that he was ill.十、关系代词在从句中作主语,谓语动词的数与先行词保持一致。
The student who is good at English studies hard.The students who are good at English study hard.十一、定语从句可分为两大类,即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
①限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉的话,主句的意思就不完整,意义就表述不明。
这种句型一般定语从句紧接先行词(不用逗号隔开)如:I was the only person in my office who was invited.②非限制性定语从句。
它与主句的关系不十分密切,只是对先行词起补充、说明的作用,也就是说即便去掉定语从句,句意也不受影响。
主从句之间常用逗号分开,且非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导。
This was the American Civil War, which lasted 4 years before the North won in the end.一、用关系代词(that 、which 、who、whom 、whose)或关系副词(when、where、why)填空。
1.This is the man _______________ wants to see you.2.The student __________________ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3.The man _________________ you went to see has come.4.The man __________________I met yesterday lent me some money.5.The woman ______________________ you saw is our geography teacher.6.Here is the pen ________________ you lost the day before yesterday.7.These books ____________________ you lent me were very useful.8.A clock is a machine __________________ tells people the time.9.This is the shirt ______________________I bought yesterday.10.The book ___________________ is on the table is mine.11.The film ___________________ they are talking about is very interesting.12.I will never forget the people and the places ____________ I have ever visited.13.Is there anyone ___________________ family is in Beijing?14.Show me the boy ______________ mother is a well-known singer.15.The boy_____________ father is a teacher is good at English.16.I don’t know the reason __________________ he was late for the class.17.A birthday is the date ____________ one was born.18.Do you know the reason ________ no one questioned Aristotle's theory for about 2,000 years?19.Do you still remember the days ___________________we spent together last term?20.Shanghai is the city ______________ I was born.21.The house _____________ I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.22.I still remember the day ______________I first came to the school.23.The time ______________we got together finally came.24.Please tell me the reason ______________ you missed the plane.25.I don’t know the reason_______________ he looks unhappy today.26.Everything _____________ I know will be taught to the students.27.This is the best film _____________ I have ever seen.28.The manager walked toward the gate ____________ the workers are waiting.29.You can’t go into this room ____________ they are havin g a meeting.30.I still remember the days _____________ we studied together.31.The picture ____________ has a house and flowers is the one I like best.32.He failed in the exam, _____________ surprised us all .33.Her parents wouldn’t let he r marry anyone ____________ family was poor.34.Tom, ____________ parents are poor workers, always goes hungry.二、单项选择。