一句多译学英语
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英语谚语加翻译简短导读:1、南风若过三,不下就阴天。
If the south wind passes three times, it will be cloudy.2、不怕天寒地冻,就怕手脚不动。
If you are not afraid of the cold, you are afraid of not moving your hands and feet.3、闲人叫冷,忙人叫热。
The idle call cold, the busy call hot.4、有了狐皮帽,忘了羊羔皮。
With a fox cap, forget lamb skin.5、有菜半年粮,无菜半年荒。
Half a year's grain with vegetables and half a year's shortage without vegetables.6、真朋友遇难就帮,假朋友遇难就嚷。
True friends help when they are killed, and false friends shout when they are killed.7、有山必有路,有水必有渡。
Where there is a mountain, there is a road, and where there is water, there is a ferry.8、痘要结,麻要泄。
Pox knots and numbness drains.9、人不可貌相,海水不能用斗量。
Man can't look, and the sea can't be measured in buckets.10、打虎要力,捉猴要智。
Fighting tigers requires strength and catching monkeys requires wisdom.11、良言一句三冬暖,恶语伤人六月寒。
1、我的朋友精通英语。
My friend has mastered English.My friend is at home in English.My friend knows English very well.My friend is quite good at English.My friend is very strong in English.2、这个句子对吗?Is this sentence correct?Is this sentence right?3、他在学校里学过一点英语。
He learned a bit of English at school.He learned some English at school.He learned a little English at school.4、他上课常迟到。
He is often late for class.He is not late for class seldom.5、我尽力学好英语。
I do my best to learn English well.I try hard to learn English well.6、我们过着幸福的生活。
We have a happy life.We live a happy life.We enjoy a happy life.7、那个女孩穿着红衣服。
The girl wears red clothes.The girl is in red.The girl is dressed in red clothes.8、他们经常在星期六晚上看电影。
They often see films on Saturday evening.They often go to the cinema on the evening of Saturday. They often go to a film on Saturday evening.9、我小时候住在农村。
高考英语读后续写一句多译1.大雨阻止我们外出,我们呆在家中无事可做。
①The heavy rain forbade us to go out/ us from going out, so we had to stay at home②We were forbidden to go out/from going out, so we had to stay at home aimlessly.③Forbidden to go out/from going out, we had to stay at home aimlessly.④The heavy rain forbidding us to go out/ us from going out, we had to stay at home aimlessly.2.一看到可怕的熊在咬我们的金属丝栅栏,我就屏住呼吸,一动不敢动。
①The instant I saw a frightening bear biting our wire fence, I held my breath, not daring to make a movement.②On seeing a frightening bear biting our wire fence, I held my breath, not daring to make a movement.③Hardly had I see a frightening bear biting when I held my breath, not daring to make a movement.3.一想到Ingler一家的艰难情况,我的同情心涌上心头。
①The thought of the Inglers’ difficult situation overwhelmed me with a surge of sympathy.②A flood of sympathy took hold of me when I thought of the Inglers’ difficult situation.③Thinking of the Inglers’ difficult situation, I was seized by a strong sense of sympathy.4.当我以为我把钥匙弄丢的时候,我吓死了。
高考书面表达同义替换和一句多译 解析版策略(一) 词汇升级技巧1:用词具体形象化例1:So good do they look that I think you could be interested in them.→So attractive and alive do they look that I think you could be interested inthem.技巧2:用词高级化例2:Through joining in this picking activity, I have realized the significanceof work.→Through participating in this picking activity, I have become aware of thesignificance of work.技巧3:表达短语化例3:Besides, he is warm-hearted and willing to help others in need, for whichI recommend him to you.→In addition, he is warm-hearted and willing to give a hand to others inneed, for which I recommend him to you.策略(二) 句式丰富技巧1:非谓语动词短语结构例1.Knowing you're into Chinese culture, I'm writing to invite you to joinin“My Story of Chinese Hanzi”.(动词-ing形式短语作状语)例2.On arriving at the farm located in the suburb of our city,a sea ofvegetables came into our sight, which included cucumbers, tomatoes and soon.(过去分词短语作定语)技巧2:三大类从句例3. As long as we devote ourselves to English learning, we would makegreat progress.(条件状语从句)例4. What impressed me most was the Culture Night, where people fromboth countries presented their well-prepared art performances.(主语从句;定语从句)技巧3:with复合结构,therebe句型例5. With the theme-based class meeting to hold, I'm writing to ask youfor some advice on it.(with复合结构)例6.There are a variety of themes we can choose from, includingcalligraphy and martial arts.(there be句型)Group 01 书面表达满分策略技巧4:特殊句式例7. Only with our joint efforts can we live in a better environment.(倒装句)例8.It was not until noon that we went back to school under the guidance of our teachers.(强调句)1.用be faced with替换face表示“面临”Faced with the difficulty, you must believe in yourself.面对困难时,你必须相信自己。
美句集锦如果只是遇见,不能停留,不如不遇见。
if we can only encounter each other rather than stay with each other,then i wish we had never encountered.2。
宁愿笑着流泪,也不哭着说后悔。
心碎了,还需再补吗?i would like weeping with the smile rather than repenting with the cry, when my heart is broken, is it needed to fix?3。
没有谁对不起谁,只有谁不懂得珍惜谁。
no one indebted for others, while many people dont know how to cherish others. 4。
命里有时钟需有命里无时莫强求you will have it if it belongs to you, whereas you dont kvetch for it if it doesnt appear in your life.5。
当香烟爱上火柴时,就注定受到伤害when a cigarette falls in love with a match, it is destined to be hurt.6。
爱情…在指缝间承诺指缝…。
在爱情下交缠。
love ,promised between the fingersfinger rift, twisted in the love7。
没有人值得你流泪,值得让你这么做的人不会让你哭泣。
no man or woman is worth your tears, and the one who is, won?t make you cry. 8。
记住该记住的,忘记该忘记的。
改变能改变的,接受不能改变的。
remember what should be remembered, and forget what should be forgotten. alter what is changeable, and accept what is unchangeable.love is like a butterfly. it goes where it pleases and it pleases where it goes. 爱情就像一只蝴蝶,它喜欢飞到哪里,就把欢乐带到哪里。
带翻译的一句话英语经典语录2017-07-281、you’remorethanashadow,i’vejusttobelieve.我坚信,你不会只是我生命中的一个过客。
2、remember,alwayslaughwhenyoucan.it'scheaperthanmedicine.记住,只要你能笑,就笑吧。
这可比药便宜多了。
3、fromnowon,iwillexpectnothing,andjusttakewhatiget.从现在起,我将不再期待,只珍惜我所拥有的。
4、thefactisthattheworldisoutofeveryone'sexpectation.butsomelearntoforget, butothersinsist.事实上,这个世界不符合所有人的梦想。
只是有人可以学会遗忘,有人却坚持。
一点点语录网5、ughasmuchasyoubre ath.loveaslongasyoulive.做让你开心的事,交能逗你乐的朋友;像呼吸一样频繁地开怀笑,像生命一样长久地全心爱。
6、sometimes,i’dratherfeelnothing.it’sbetter.it’seasier.有时候我真希望自己没有感觉,那就好过得多了。
7、ifyouwantahappylife,tieittoagoal,nottopeopleorthing.如果你想过得快乐,把生活跟目标联系在一起,而不是跟某个人或某些事。
8、whatsomeonepossesseswhileothersnot,someonewishesforandsomeoneloa thesalot,isjustdestiny.有些东西,有人有,有人没有,有人求而不得,有人弃若敝屣,如果一定要给个解释,那就是命。
9、afriendwhounderstandsyourtearsismuchmorevaluablethanalotoffriendswh oonlyknowyoursmile.一个懂你泪水的朋友,胜过一群只懂你笑容的朋友。
21世纪大学英语翻译Unit 1一、汉译英1)你知道约翰这次失败的原因吗?他在中学里几乎全优。
(lead to, failure, excel in)Do you know what has led to John’s failure this time? He excelled in almost everything in high school.2)不要把今天应该做的的事情推迟到明天。
如果你落后就很难赶上了。
(put off, what, fall behind, catch up)Don’t put off till tomorrow what you should do today. If you fall behind, it will be difficult for you to catch up.3) 他总是用新方法来解决问题,所以他在工作中取得了很大的成功。
(achieve, success, attack) He achieves great success in his work because he always finds new ways to attack problems.4)不要对这个孩子太严格。
你应该让他有些玩耍的时间来减轻压力。
(be hard on, allow, fun time, reduce, stress)Don’t be too hard on the child. You should allow him to have some fun time to reduce stress.5) 我们都期待史密斯教授给我们的大学学习一些有益的指导。
(expect, helpful tips)We all expect Prof. Smith to give us some helpful tips on college study.6) 贝蒂面带紧张的神色,好像害怕向别人做自我介绍似的。
书面表达思维拓展:一句多译练习例一. 写请假条。
情景:我生病了,明天不能上学。
I’mill. I can’t go to school tomorrow. (太简单!句子松散) Whycan’t I go to school tomorrow? Because I’m ill!(疑问句) I’mill and I can’t go to school tomorrow.(并列句)I’ll be absent from school tomorrow just because I’m ill.I’m so seriously ill that I can’t go to school tomorrow.(so….that 句型)I can’t go to school tomorrow because I’m ill.(表原因的复合句)I can’t go to school tomorrow because of illness.(用Owing to 或者due to)Owing to illness, I can’t go to school tomorrow.I can’t go to school tomorrow due to illness,My absence from school tomorrow is due to my illness.I can’t go to school tomorrow on account of illness.(用介词短语)I’m ill so I can’t go to school tomorrow.(用so、thus 或者therefore 等)I’m ill, as a result, I can’t go to school tomorrow.I can’t go to school tomorrow as a result of my illness.Being ill, I can’t go to school tomorrow.(用分词作原因状语)I can’t go to school tomorrow. That’s because I’m ill.(用表语从句)I’m ill. That’s why I can’t go to school tomorrow. (用表语从句)I can’t go to school tomorrow. The reason is that I’m ill.(用表语从句)I’m seriously ill, which makes me unable to go to school.(用定语从句)I’m seriously ill, which makes it impossible for me to g o to school.I’m seriously ill, thus making it for me go to school.(用分词作结果状语)How I wish I could go to school tomorrow! But I can’t because I’m seriously ill.(用虚拟语气)I’m ill. That’s the reason why I can’t go to school tomorrow. (用定语从句)It is because I’m ill that I can’t go to school tomorrow.(强调句型)The reason for my absence from school tomorrow is that I’m ill.(用表语从句)What I want to tell you is that I’m ill and I can’t go school tomorrow .(用主语从句、表语从句、并列句)My illness prevents me from going to school tomorrow.I have disease, which prevents me from going to school tomorrow.例二. 他说英语太快了!让我大吃一惊!1.He speaks English so fast, and I am surprised.2.He speaks English so fast and it is surprising to me.3.He speaks English so fast and it is a surprise to me.4.He speaks English so fast, at which I am surprised.5.He speaks English so fast, which is a surprise to me.6.He speaks English so fast, which is surprising to me.7.He speaks English so fast, which makes me surprised.8.He speaks English so fast that I am surprised.9.So fast does he speak English that I am surprised.10.So fast does he speak English that it surprises me.11.His fast English speaking is surprising to me.12.His fast English speaking is a surprise to me.13.His fast English speaking makes me surprised.14.His fast English speaking surprises me.15.How fast he speaks English, which is surprising to me.16.How fast he speaks English, which is a surprise to me.17.How fast he speaks English, and it is a surprise to me.18.How fast he speaks English, and it is surprising to me.19.What a fast English speaker he is! It does surprise me.20.It is he who speaks English so fast, which surprises me.21.It is his fast English speaking that surprises me.22.That he speaks English so fast is surprising to me.23.That he speaks English so fast surprises me.24.That he speaks English so fast is a surprise to me.25.I am surprised that he speaks English so fast.26.I am surprised that he speaks such fast English.27.I am surprised that he speaks English with fast speed.28.I am surprised by his fast English speaking.29.I am surprised by his English speaking with fast speed.30.It is surprising to me that he (should)speak English so fast.English. fast speed. fast. 31.It is surprising to me that he (should)speak such fast32.It is surprising to me that he (should)speak English with33.It is surprising to me that his spoken English is so fast.34.It is a surprise to me that he (should)speak English so35.To my surprise, he speaks English so fast.36.To my surprise, he speaks such fast English.37.To my surprise, he speaks English with fast speed.38.To my surprise, his spoken English is so fast.39.When he speaks fast English, I am surprised.40.When he speaks English fast, I am surprised.例三. 2002 年普通高等学校招生全国英语统一考试书面表达试题最近,你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论。
英语名言警句带翻译英语名言警句带翻译1. 任何一样东西,你渴望拥有它,它就盛开。
一旦你拥有它,它就凋谢。
——普鲁斯特《追忆似水年华》Anything that you want to have is in full bloom. Once you have it, it withers2. 一个人并不是生来要给打败的,你尽可以把他消灭掉,可就是打不败他。
——海明威《老人与海》A person is not born to be defeated. You can eliminate him as much as you can, but you cant defeat him3. 人应该支配习惯,而决不能让习惯支配人。
——奥斯特洛夫斯基《钢铁是怎样练成的》People should control habits, but never let them control people4. 人与人之间,最可痛心的事莫过于在你认为理应获得善意和友谊的地方,却遭受了烦扰和损害。
——拉伯雷《巨人传》Between people, the most painful thing is that you should get goodwill and friendship in the place, but suffered harassment and damage5. 不要憎恨你的敌人,那会影响你的判断力。
——马里奥·普佐《教父》Dont hate your enemy, it will affect your judgment6. 世界上有这样一些幸福的人,他们把自己的痛苦化作他人的幸福,他们挥泪埋葬了自己在尘世间的希望,它却变成了种子,长出鲜花和香膏,为孤苦伶仃的苦命人医治创伤。
——斯托夫人《汤姆叔叔的小屋》There are some happy people in the world who turn their pain into the happiness of others. They bury their hope in the world with tears, but it turns into seeds and grows flowers and balms to heal the wounds of the lonely and miserable people7. 我从来不是那样的人,不能耐心地拾起一地碎片,把它们凑合在一起,然后对自己说,这个修补好了的东西,跟新的完全一样。
初中英语好句子摘抄200句带翻译相信在学习英语这方面,很多人都会很苦恼学不好,不如每日给自己一句英语句子吧!今天店铺在这里为大家分享初中英语好句子摘抄200句,欢迎大家阅读!初中英语好句子摘抄【励志篇】In the history of the world, every great and noble moment is some kind of victory。
获得成功有两个重要的前题:一是坚决,二是忍耐。
Before success, there are two important questions: one is determined, the second is patience。
面对人生的磨难,请用你的毅力创造生命的奇迹吧!In the face of the hardships of life,please use your willpower to create the miracle of life!形成天才的决定因素应该是勤奋。
有几分勤学苦练是成正比例的。
Form the determinants of genius should be diligent。
How much is proportional study hard。
就算学习和生活再艰难,也要一边痛着,一边笑着,给生活一张漂亮的脸。
没有比人更高的山,没有比心更宽的海,人是世界的主宰。
There is no higher than the people of the mountains, there is no wider than the heart of the sea, people are the masters of the world.时危见臣节,世乱识忠良。
When his dangerous section, chaotic world general zhongliang.你的选择是做或不做,做不一定会成功,但不做就永远不会有机会。
【导语】语⾔是⼈类最重要的思维和交流⼯具,学习和掌握外语逐渐成为国民必备的素质之⼀。
⽽英语作为全球使⽤⾯最⼴的⼀门语⾔,具有更重要的意义。
以下是由整理了英语句⼦加翻译,欢迎阅读!【篇⼀】英语句⼦加翻译 1、Acting as if nothing borne in mind is the best revenge.It's all for myself to live better. 若⽆其事,原来是的报复。
⽣活得更好,是为了⾃⼰。
2、Every day may not be good…but there's something good in every day. 并不是每⼀天都是好⽇⼦,但每⼀天⼀定会有些好事会发⽣。
3、Happiness is about having each tiny wish come ture. 幸福是每⼀个微⼩愿望的达成。
4、Happiness is to find someone who can give you warm and share your life together. 幸福,就是找⼀个温暖的⼈过⼀辈⼦。
5、A woman has got to love a bad man once or twice in her life to be thankful for a good one. ⼀⽣中,⼥⼈总会爱过⼀两次坏蛋,才会珍惜那个对的⼈。
6、Emotion is the innate weakness of human. 情感是⼈类的本质弱点。
7、Don't argue with me, every word comes out of your mouth would be the solid evidence of hurting me. 你不要和我吵,你的每⼀字,每⼀句,都会成为伤害我的呈堂证供! 8、Dream is like underwear.Although you have it,you can not show it to everyone you meet. 理想就像内裤,虽然你有,但是你不能逢⼈就证明你有。
学习英语文案短句
1. 英语是桥梁,连接世界的语言。
2. 学英语,开启无限可能的大门。
3. 提升英语水平,拓展视野。
4. 学会英语,就能与世界对话。
5. 用英语畅游全球,享受无国界的乐趣。
6. 英语不仅是一门语言,更是一种沟通的艺术。
7. 学习英语,为未来增添更多机会。
8. 掌握英语,与世界精彩相约。
9. 英语学习,不仅是一种能力,更是一种态度。
10. 用英语,开拓更广阔的职业发展之路。
11. 英语让我的世界更加丰富多彩。
12. 学好英语,为自己的梦想加速。
13. 通过英语学习,打开未来的职场大门。
14. 英语是通向成功的钥匙,你准备好了吗?
15. 英语学习,从容面对全球化的挑战。
16. 选择学习英语,体验跨文化的精彩旅程。
17. 学好英语,世界就是你的舞台。
利用ChatGPT一句多译:2023金华十校高一上期末考试单句翻译单句翻译1. 如果你没睡好,第二天你可能会发现很难集中注意力学习。
(it作形式宾语)2. 成立一个组织来保护文物是值得的。
(worthwhile)3. 尽管多次失败,他没有失去信心,并且为国家带来了荣誉。
(despite)4. 被困在废墟中的人们被救了出来。
(定语从句;trap)5. 我想推荐一门中国书法课程,在那里你可以欣赏中国文化。
(定语从句;calligraphy) Keys1如果你没睡好,第二天你可能会发现很难集中注意力学习。
(it作形式宾语)参考答案If you don’t sleep well / If you fail to sleep well (1分), you may find it hard / difficult to (1分) concentrate / focus (your attention) on the class / study the next / following day. (1分)Without good sleep (1分), you may find it hard / difficult to (1分) concentrate / focus (your attention) on the class / study the next / following day. (1分)ChatGPT1.Should you fail to have a good night's sleep, you may find it hard to concentrate on your studies the following day.2.Should you not get sufficient rest, you may find it challenging to focus on your learning the next day.3.Should you not sleep well, you may find it hard for you to keep your attention on your studies the day after.4.Should you not have a restful sleep, you may find it difficult to direct your attention to your studies the next day.5.Should you not have a sound sleep, you may find it hard to concentrate on your studies the day after.6.Should you not have a restful night,you may find it tough for you to focus on your learning the following day.7.Should you not have a good sleep, you may find it struggling for you to direct your attention to your studies the next day.8. Not having a sound sleep, you may find it challenging to keep your attention on your studies the day after.9. Not sleeping well, you may find it tough for you to keep your concentration on your studies the next day.10. Not having a restful sleep, you may find it difficult for you to stay concentrated on your studies the following day.2成立一个组织来保护文物是值得的。
英语短语及翻译英语短语及翻译精选1. hello.你好!2. good morning.早晨好!3. i'm john smith.我是约翰、史密斯。
4. are you bill jones?你是比尔、琼斯吗?5. yes,i am.是的,我是。
6. how are you?你好吗?7. fine,thanks.很好,谢谢。
8. how is helen?海伦好吗?9. she's very well,thank you. 她很好,谢谢您。
10. good afternoon,mr. green.午安,格林先生。
11. good evening,mrs. brown.晚上好,布朗夫人。
12. how are you this evening?今晚上您好吗?13. good night,john.晚安,约翰。
14. good-bye,bill.再见,比尔。
15. see you tomorrow.明天见。
16. come in,please. 请进!17. sit down. 坐下!18. stand up,please. 请站起来。
19. open your book,please. 请把书打开。
20. close your book,please. 请把书合上。
21. don't open your book. 别打开书。
22. do you understand?你明白了吗?23. yes,i understand. 是的,我明白了。
24. no,i don't understand. 不,我不明白。
25. listen and repeat. 先听,然后再重复一遍。
26. now read,please. 现在请大家读。
27. that's fine. 好得很。
28. it's time to begin. 到开始的时候了。
29. let's begin now. 现在让我们开始。
高考英语书面表达满分作文必练-一句多译100例-全1. 他宁愿工作,也不愿在家休息。
He would rather work than have a rest at home.He prefers to work than have a rest at home .He prefers working to having a rest at home.2. 虽然他累了,但他继续工作。
Though / Although he was tired, he went on working.Tired as / though he was, he went on working.He was tired, but he went on working.3. 他决不是傻子。
He is anything but a fool.He is not a fool at all.He is far from being a fool.He is by no means a fool4. 这个城市是那个城市的三倍那么大。
This city is there times as large as that one.This city is three times the size of that one.This city is twice larger than that one.5. 那个男孩为祖国献出了自己的生命。
The boy devoted his life to his country.The boy died for his country.The boy gave / lost his life for his country.6. 天下雨了,我们出不去。
The rain prevented us from going out.The rain stopped us from going out.The rain kept us from going out.7. 他只有服从命令别无选择。
常用英语谚语及翻译偶尔见过的一句英语谚语,也许会改变我们的思考方向。
下面是店铺给大家整理的常用英语谚语及翻译,供大家参阅!常用英语谚语及翻译1. Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。
2. No pains, no gains.没有付出就没有收获。
3. Constant dripping wears away a stone.水滴石穿,绳锯木断。
4. Care and diligence bring luck.谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。
5. Genius is nothing but labor anddiligence.天才不过是勤奋而已。
6. Great hopes make great man.伟大的抱负造就伟大的人物。
7. Industry is the parent of success.勤奋是成功之母。
8. No rose without a thorn.没有不带刺的玫瑰。
9. There is no royal road to learning.书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟。
10. No way is impossible to courage.勇者无惧。
11. Success belongs to the persevering.坚持就是胜利。
12. The finest diamond must be cut.玉不琢,不成器。
13. Adversity makes a man wise, not rich.逆境出人才。
经典英语谚语及翻译1. I only regret that I have but one life to give for my country. 我抱憾的是,只有一次生命能献给祖国。
2. I regard that man as lost, who has lost his sense of shame. 我认为,人丧失了廉耻就完了。
谈谈英语教学中的一句多译中国人学英语,汉译英是必备的语言能力之一,起初,你急于知道某个词语或某句话应该怎样用英语说。
随着词汇的积累,英语基本句型的增加以及惯用法知识的积累,你便想知道同一个汉语句子在英语中有多少大致相应的说法。
两种语言在翻译上绝对对等的情况(除事物名称外),几乎万中无一,一句说话就算不是要翻译,本身就往往可能有多於一种的理解。
所以一句多译是翻译过程中的必经阶段,最後采用的版本则是译员综合思考後的取舍,也是翻译功夫的体现。
“一句多译”作为不可缺少的教学手段,极大地有助于培养学生温故知新,扩大联想,从而建立全方位的综合思维能力。
在初中英语教学中,如何运用一句多译方法呢?这里,我结合多年初中英语教学工作,谈谈我的做法与体会。
比如,新钻石项链花了他们三万六千法郎。
就有如下译法:it tookthemthirty-sixthousand francs to buy the new diamond necklace.it cost them 36.000francs to buy the new diamond necklace they paid 36 thousand francs for the new diamond necklace the new diamond necklace cost them 36thousand francs.the new diamone necklace that they bought was worth36 thousand francs.the new diamond necklace(which) they bought was worthy of36.000 francs.上述各句若作适当的语法和词汇调整,还会产生许多语言相同的新句子。
一句多译实在是启迪思维,活用句型词汇的好办法。
例:我们走过好几个村庄才到达那个工厂。
将中学生所学的句型、词汇用上,这个句子的译法更多。
一句多译学英语
句子是相对完整而独立的语言单位。
句子能够表达完整的思想,起到交流作用,而且可以独立运用,因此,从语法分析的角度来看,句子是最高一层的语言单位。
英语教学要以句单位教学为主,使学生在句子里掌握语言及语法和词汇的用法。
配合句型教学,加强整句操练,使学生熟练掌握基本句型,并习惯于整句学习的方法。
要尽可能地使学生学一句会一句,学习语言是养成语言习惯的问题,不应过多地讲为什么要这样说。
要强调整句的模仿和套用。
要正确处理学习的质量和数量的关系。
(Quality matters more than quantity.)匈牙利著名翻译家卡扎罗姆布归纳的学习方法之一就是:应随时记下并背熟常用的“句套子”,并多多练习套用。
一句多译的训练无疑是句单位教学中效果显著的语法训练,使英语学习的质量大大提高。
下面就是我自己设计,让学生参与的一堂课堂教学。
首先,让学生尽可能多的运用学过的知识翻译;然后,让学生作语法词汇方面的修改;最后和学生一起作总结。
一句翻译练习可以涉及到十几条语法项目。
例如:汉译英:完成作业后,他上床睡觉了。
1. After he did his homework, he went to bed.(时间状语)
2. After he had done his homework, he went to bed.(过去完成)
3. After his homework was done, he went to bed.(被动语态)
4. After doing his homework, he went to bed.(介词后用动名词)
5. With his homework done, he went to bed.(with加复合宾语)
6. His homework done, he went to bed.(独立主格结构)
7. Having done his homework, he went to bed.(现在分词的完成式)
8. He didn’t go to bed until he finished doing his homework.(not……until时间状语从句)
9. Not until he did his homework did he go to bed.(倒装)
10. It was not until he did his homework that he went to bed.(强调句)
当学生已掌握了基本句型,有了整句学习和运用的初步习惯,新的单词或语法点会迅速地纳入到句型中去,不会逐词地说句子或逐字翻译成汉式英语。
一句多译有利于温故知新,提高学生转移经验的能力。
只有新旧知识的互动,才能达到循环学习,螺旋上升。
以下是由旧知识到新知识的一句多译练习。
例如:1.介绍虚拟语气:我在这里吸烟,你介意吗?
Do you mind if I smoke here? (Do you mind my smoking here?)
Would you mind if I smoked here?
2.介绍强调句:我昨夜发现一只苍蝇在你的碗中游泳。
I found a fly swimming in your bowl yesterday evening.
It was I who found a fly swimming in your bowl yesterday evening
It was a fly that I found swimming in your bowl yesterday evening
It was in your bowl that I found a fly swimming yesterday evening.
It was yesterday evening that I found a fly swimming in your bowl
3.介绍感叹句:这工作很有趣!
It is such interesting work!
What interesting work it is!
The work is so interesting!
How interesting the work is!
随着学生英语水平的提高,理解和分析能力的增强,学生对分析句子的成分、词的构成以及区别词义和用法的要求也增高了。
这时虽有必要讲解句子中难以理解的语言点,但仍应以整句操练为主,不能陷入单纯地讲授语言知识。
一句多译有利于开发学生的侧向思维能力,使学生左思右想。
有利于提高学生的联想能力。
有利于学生灵活掌握使用语言知识,培养学生以英语理解英语的良好习惯。
请看以下翻译能够使学生联想到多少英语词法和句型。
例如:汉译英:1.早操对你有益。
Early exercises are good for you.在翻译的过程中“对……有益”可能联想到的词语有“be good for ,do good to, be of benefit to, benefit, profit, be useful to, contribute to. You benefit from early exercises.”
2. 这所博物馆值得参观。
在翻译的过程中可能联想到单词“worth, worthwhile, worthy”。
答案有:The museum is worth visiting. It is worthwhile visiting the museum. The museum is worthy of being visited. The museum is worthy to be visited.等。
一句多译有利于弥补外语教学中翻译法的缺点,避免了学生死记硬背,教学方式灵活,体现了外语教学中由简而繁的原则,深入浅出,能使课堂气氛活跃。
用一句汉语而学到多种英语句型,而句型又能一生二、二生三、三生万物。
这样,有效地控制汉语在课堂上使用。
当然,还要根据学生在学习上的困难和需要辅以单项训练,以弥补句单位教学的不足。