高考英语句子成分与句子结构专项讲解

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习英语句子就像一座建筑，句子成分是构成这座建筑的各种材料，而句子结构则是建筑的框架。

理解句子成分和结构对于我们正确理解和运用英语至关重要。

接下来，让我们一起深入探讨。

一、英语句子成分1、主语主语是句子所描述的主体，通常是某人、某事或某物。

它是句子的核心，决定了句子要说的是谁或什么。

比如，“The dog is cute” （这只狗很可爱。

）中，“The dog”就是主语。

2、谓语谓语表示主语的动作或状态。

它通常由动词构成。

例如，“She sings beautifully” （她唱歌很好听。

）中的“sings”就是谓语。

3、宾语宾语是动作的对象，通常是接受动作的人或物。

比如，“He bought a book” （他买了一本书。

）中的“a book”就是宾语。

4、表语表语用于说明主语的特征、状态、身份等。

常见的系动词有 be （am/is/are）、seem、look 等，其后的成分就是表语。

例如，“She is happy” （她很开心。

）中的“happy”就是表语。

5、定语定语用来修饰、限定名词或代词。

它可以是形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语等。

例如，“The red car is mine” （那辆红色的车是我的。

）中的“red”就是定语。

6、状语状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，表示时间、地点、原因、方式、程度等。

比如，“He runs fast” （他跑得很快。

）中的“fast”就是状语。

7、补语补语用于补充说明宾语或主语的情况。

例如，“We made him our monitor” （我们选他当班长。

）中的“our monitor”就是宾语补足语。

二、英语句子结构1、简单句简单句只有一个主谓结构，是最基本的句子类型。

例如，“I love you” （我爱你。

）2、并列句并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句通过并列连词（and, but, or 等）连接而成。

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解1. 主语（Subject）：句子中进行动作或者是被动接受动作的人或物。

例句：Tom is reading a book.（主语是Tom）2. 谓语（Predicate）：句子中所陈述的动作或状态。

例句：I am studying English. （谓语是am studying）3. 宾语（Object）：句子中被动作的对象或者是动作的影响者。

例句：She bought a new car.（宾语是a new car）4. 定语（Adjective）：修饰名词或代词的词或词组。

例句：I saw a black cat.（定语是black）5. 状语（Adverb）：修饰动词、形容词、副词，可以表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。

例句：She sings beautifully.（状语是beautifully）例句：I am a student.（补语是a student）英语句子结构可以按照不同的组合方式分类：1. 简单句（Simple Sentence）：包含一个主语和一个谓语。

例句：She sings.（主语+谓语）例句：I like swimming, but he prefers hiking.（独立子句+连接词+独立子句）3. 并列句（Coordinative Sentence）：用连词连接两个或更多的相同层次的分句。

例句：I am tired, so I'm going to bed.（分句+连词+分句）例句：She invited me to a party, which made me happy.（主句+从句）总结起来，英语句子成分和结构的掌握对于理解和构建句子都是非常重要的。

通过对各个成分的认识和使用，可以更准确地表达自己的意思。

而了解不同的句子结构，可以帮助我们构建丰富多样的句子，提高语言表达的能力。

高三英语语法专项复习句子结构及成分考点1.实义动词、助动词与情态动词实义动词和助动词是根据动词在句子中的含义和作用来划分的。

实义动词也叫行为动词。

实义动词指的是那些意义完全且能够独立作谓语的动词。

如：He lives quite near. (live“住”，有明确的意义，单独作谓语，为实义动词)I bought a pen yesterday. （bought “买”，意义明确，单独作谓语，为实义动词）助动词助动词是指那些用来帮助构成时态、语态、虚拟语气、疑问句、否定句和倒装句和帮助强调的词。

这些词本身无词汇意义或意义不完全，不能单独作谓语。

⑴帮助构成时态的：The boy is crying.(is 用来构成现在进行时，和crying一起作谓语，是助动词)I have been painting all day. （have been用来帮助构成现在完成进行时，和painting 一起作谓语，是助动词。

）⑵帮助构成否定句和疑问句的：Does he like English? (does帮助构成一般疑问句，没有具体意义，是助动词。

)He does n’t have lunch at home. (does只是帮助构成否定句，没有具体意义，是助动词。

)⑶帮助构成被动语态的Trees are planted in spring. (are帮助构成被动语态，没有具体意义，是助动词)The house has been pulled down. (has been帮助构成时态和语态，是助动词)⑷帮助构成虚拟语气If he had come yesterday, I wouldn’t have made such a mistake.(had, have帮助构成虚拟语气，是助动词，属于谓语的一部分。

)⑸帮助构成倒装句的So did he love his mother that he bought her many presents on her birthday.(他如此爱他的母亲以至于他母亲生日那一天，他给她买了许多礼物。

句子成分一．主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。

1.请找出下列句子的主语并指出什么（词，短语或句子）可以充当主语。

The sun rises in the east. （名词）He likes dancing. （代词）Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)Seeing is believing. （动名词）To see is to believe. （不定式）What he needs is a book. （主语从句）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）常见错误分析2：动词及其短语在作句子的主语时，只能使用其to do 或doing 的形式。

其中不定式强调具体的某一次的动作，-ing 强调经常发生的动作。

改错：1.play computer games does no good to us.2.Have a walk in the street is her hobby.3.Go home at once is his decision4.Make more friends will do good to us.5.I’m like computer very much.6.The story was happening the year before last.二．宾语：1．动作的承受者-----动宾请找出下列句子的宾语并指出什么可以充当宾语。

I like China. （名词）He hates you. （代词）How many do you need? We need two. （数词）I enjoy working with you. （动名词）I hope to see you again. （不定式）Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）2．介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾Are you afraid of the snake/me/fighting?3．双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）He gave me a book yesterday.常见错误分析1：介词后跟宾语时，必须为：名词、代词、ing 或wh型的连接词引导的从句。

高三英语句子成分和句子结构讲解句子成分主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。

the sun rises in the east. （名词）he likes dancing.（代词）twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)seeing is believing. （动名词）to see is to believe.（不定式）what he needs is a book. （主语从句）it is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （it形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。

we study english. he is asleep.表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。

he is a teacher. （名词）seventy-four! you don’t look it. （代词）five and five is ten. （数词）he is asleep. （形容词）his father is in. （副词）the picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语)my watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词）to wear a flower is to say “i’m poor, i can’t buy a ring. （不定式）the question is whether they will come. （表语从句）（常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝、吃起来）,remain（保持，仍是）, feel（感觉）...it sounds a good idea. the sound sounds strange.her voice sounds sweet. tom looks thin.the food smells delicious. the food tastes good.the door remains open. now i feel tired.宾语：1）动作的承受者-----动宾i like china. （名词）he hates you. （代词）how many do you need? we need two. （数词）we should help the old and the poor. i enjoy working with you. （动名词）共7页，当前第1页1234567i hope to see you again. （不定式）did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾are you afraid of the snake? under the snow, there are many rocks.3）双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）he gave me a book yesterday. give the poor man some money.宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。

高考英语句子成分与句子结构专项讲解一、考点分析（考查形式：语法填空，句子翻译，及阅读中对句子的理解）二、专题详解Sentence Structure 句子成分练习①The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.②There is an old man coming here.③The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.(一) ①teacher ②man ③dictionary ④To do①I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall②The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. getB. longerC. daysD. summer③Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC. goD. bus④There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast⑥Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC. doD. his homework⑦What I want to tell you is this.A. wantB. to tellC. youD. is⑧We had better send for a doctor.A. WeB. hadC. sendD. doctor⑨He is interested in music.A. isB. interestedC. inD. music⑩Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB. didC. whomD. book(二) ①B ②A ③C ④A ⑤C ⑥C ⑦D ⑧C ⑨A ⑩A①The old man was feeling very tired.②Why is he worried about Jim?③The leaves have turned yellow.④Soon They all became interested in the subject.⑤She was the first to learn about it.①tired②worried ③yellow④interested ⑤the first①They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.②What is your given name?③On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.④I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.⑤The man downstairs was trying to sleep.⑥I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!①with the family name②given ③third④afraid ⑤downstairs ⑥of theother shoe①My brother hasn't done his homework.②People all over the world speak English.③You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.④How many new words did you learn last class?⑤Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?⑥The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.⑦They made him monitor of the class.⑧Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.⑨You will find it useful after you leave school.⑩They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.⑾She always thinks of how she can improve her spoken English.⑿Alisa is sorry for what she said.①his homework②English③good attention, your pronunciation④new words ⑤to go ⑥he wasill⑦him ⑧the bridge; the museum ⑨it⑩who "Father Christmas" really is.⑾how she can improve her spoken English ⑿what she said①She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.②He asked her to take the boy out of school.③She found it difficult to do the work.④They call me Lily sometimes.⑤I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.⑥Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?①to read②to take ③difficult④Lily ⑤get on ⑥playing①There was a big smile on her face.②Every night he heard the noise upstairs.③He began to learn English when he was eleven.④The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.⑤With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.⑥She loves the library because she loves books.⑦I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.⑧The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.①On her face②every night ③when he was eleven④too fast⑤With the medicine boxunder her arm⑥because she loves books⑦if you've lost it,⑧to see the other machine①Please tell us a story.②My father bought a new bike for me last week.③Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.④Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤Did he leave any message for me?⑥He told us once again that the situation was serious.(八) ①us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语②me, 间接宾语a new bike, 直接宾语③us, 间接宾语history, 直接宾语④Tom, 间接宾语it, 直接宾语⑤me, 间接宾语message, 直接宾语⑥us间接宾语；that the situation was serious 直接宾语1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting togetherearly in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palacesin Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managedto finish the work in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. I have no idea when he was born.14. I don’t know the time when he was born.1、主语，定语；2、间接宾语；3、谓语，状语；4、定语；5、状语，状语；6、定语，表语；7、宾语，状语；8、谓语；9、谓语；10、主语，表语；11、谓语，宾语；12、状语；13 同位语14 定语句子，按结构，分为三类:简单句、并列句和复合句。

高三英语语法专项复习句子结构及成分考点1.实义动词、助动词与情态动词实义动词和助动词是根据动词在句子中的含义和作用来划分的。

实义动词也叫行为动词。

实义动词指的是那些意义完全且能够独立作谓语的动词。

如：住”，有明确的意义，单独作谓语，为实义动词)He lives quite near. (live“买”，意义明确，单独作谓语，为实义动词）I bought a pen yesterday. （bought “助动词助动词是指那些用来帮助构成时态、语态、虚拟语气、疑问句、否定句和倒装句和帮助强调的词。

这些词本身无词汇意义或意义不完全，不能单独作谓语。

⑴帮助构成时态的：The boy is crying.(is 用来构成现在进行时，和crying一起作谓语，是助动词)I have been painting all day. （have been用来帮助构成现在完成进行时，和painting 一起作谓语，是助动词。

）⑵帮助构成否定句和疑问句的：Does h e like English? (does帮助构成一般疑问句，没有具体意义，是助动词。

)He does n’t have lunch at home. (does只是帮助构成否定句，没有具体意义，是助动词。

)⑶帮助构成被动语态的Trees a re planted in spring. (are帮助构成被动语态，没有具体意义，是助动词)The house h as been pulled down. (has been帮助构成时态和语态，是助动词)⑷帮助构成虚拟语气have made such a mistake.(had, have帮助构成虚拟If he had come yesterday, I wouldn’t语气，是助动词，属于谓语的一部分。

)⑸帮助构成倒装句的So did he love his mother that he bought her many presents on her birthday.(他如此爱他的母亲以至于他母亲生日那一天，他给她买了许多礼物。

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解英语句子是我们学习英语时需要重点掌握的一部分。

了解句子的基本成分和结构对我们正确理解和使用英语句子非常重要。

在本文中，我将详细介绍英语句子中的成分和结构。

一、英语句子的基本成分英语句子由不同的成分组成，每个成分在句子中扮演不同的角色。

以下是英语句子中常见的成分：1. 主语（Subject）：主语是句子中动作的执行者或者是与动作直接相关的事物或人。

一般来说，主语通常是一个名词、代词或者名词短语。

例如："John is a student."（约翰是一名学生。

）中的"John"就是主语。

2. 谓语（Predicate）：谓语是句子中主语所表达的动作、状态或者关系。

通常，谓语是一个动词或者动词短语。

例如："She is reading a book."（她在读一本书。

）中的"is reading"就是谓语。

3. 宾语（Object）：宾语是句子中动作的承受者或者是与动作直接相关的事物或人。

宾语通常是一个名词、代词或者名词短语。

例如："He bought a car."（他买了一辆车。

）中的"a car"就是宾语。

4. 定语（Adjective）：定语是修饰名词或代词的成分。

定语通常位于名词或代词之前，用来进一步描述或限定名词或代词的特征。

例如："The red apple tastes sweet."（那个红苹果尝起来很甜。

）中的"red"就是定语。

5. 状语（Adverb）：状语是修饰动词、形容词、副词、整个句子或者其他语法单位的成分。

状语通常用来表达时间、地点、方式、原因、程度等信息。

例如："They ran quickly to the park."（他们快速地跑到了公园。

）中的"quickly"就是状语。

高中英语语法——句子成分与结构（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词前面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。

句子的种类和句子成分专题一、句子成分的概念句子是由各个组成部分构成的，这些组成的部分称之为句子的成分。

总体来说，一个完整的句子必须包含“主语+谓语”两个部分，这是一个句子的核心成分。

除此之外，句子成分还有宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语、独立成分等。

例：1、The little eagle grew up. 小鹰长大了。

（主语）（谓语）2、The People’s Republic of China was born in 1949. 中华人民共和国成立于1949年。

（主语）（谓语）（时间状语）3、I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. 我昨天在车站遇到了我最好的朋友汤姆。

主谓宾同位语状语二、句子的种类句子可大致分为：简单句、并列句、复合句三类。

1、简单句：只含有一套主谓结构的句子称为简单句，简单句只有一个谓语。

例：1）I went to Japan last year. 我去年去了日本。

2）These boys are playing basketball. 这些孩子正在打篮球。

2、并列句：含有两个或两个以上的简单句并列而成的句子，称之为并列句，这些简单句之间一般由并列连词或分号连接，且地位平等。

例：1）His brother is a doctor and his sister is a singer. 他哥哥是一名医生，他姐姐是一名歌手。

2）I hoped to study abroad, but fate had decided other wise. 我本来希望出国留学，但天意弄人难如愿。

3）Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice. 我不想和他商量，他也不会来征求我的意见。

【常见的并列连接词】and; but; or; yet; for; so; and so; while; whereas; as well as; rather than; not only…but also; either….or; neither….nor3、复合句：也称为主从复合句，指由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习英语的基本成分有七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语和表语。

一．主语是句子说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。

1. The sun rises in the east. （名词）2. He likes dancing. （代词）3. Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)4. Seeing is believing. （动名词）5. To see is to believe. （不定式）6. What he needs is a book. （主语从句即名词从句）7. It is very hard to finish the task. （It形式主语，不定式是真正主语）二．谓语表示主语的动作、状态和行为，常用动词（包括实意动词和be动词）或者动词词组担当，放在主语后面。

1. We study English. (实意动词)2. He is asleep. （be动词）3. She took good care of her little sister.（动词词组）三．宾语：1）动作的承受者-----动宾1. I like China. （名词）2. He hates you. （代词）3. We need two. （数词）4. I enjoy working with you. （动名词）5. I hope to see you again. （不定式）6. Did you write down what he said？（宾语从句）2）介词后的名词、代词-----介宾1. I am afraid of the snake under the snow. (名词)2. I will think of you. （代词）3）双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带，show显示。

第1讲句子成分英语的句子成分主要有六种：即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。

（可以熟记为：主谓宾，定状补）除了这六种主要成分之外，还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。

但表语和系动词一起作谓语，因此划分成分时，划分在谓语上。

同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语，属于主语或宾语的一部分。

考点1.主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，通常由名词性的词来充当。

可以作主语的词性或语法结构：1.名词2.代词3.数词4.名词化的形容词（如the rich）5.不定式6.动名词7.主语从句等表示。

练习1.在下面句子的主语下面划横线，并说出由什么充当1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.2.We often speak English in class.3.One-third of the students in this class are girls.4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.5.Smoking does harm to the health.6.The rich should help the poor.7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.9.That he isn’t at home is not true考点2.谓语谓语由动词充当，说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如：He practices running every morning.He reads newspapers every day.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成。

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解-------谓语、表语一、谓语:谓语由动词充当，说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

构成如下：A.简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成1.I saw the flag on the top of the hill?2.He looked after two orphans.B.复合谓语：由情态动词或助动词+动词组成1.He can speak English well.2.She doesn’t seem to like dancing.3.I have been reading the book all the time.找出下列句中的谓语（注：只有动词才可作谓语。

）：1.We love China.2.We have finished reading this book.3.He can speak English.4.She seems tired.5.My sister is crying over there.二、表语（predicative）:系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。

1.It sounds a good idea.2.The sound sounds strange.3.Her voice sounds sweet.4.Tom looks thin.5.The food smells delicious.6.The food tastes good.7.The door remains open.8.Now I feel tired.找出下列句中的表语并说明由什么充当。

1.Our teacher of English is an American.2.They are on the playground.3.My job is teaching English.4.It gets cold.5.It sounds interesting.6.The speech is exciting.7.three times seven is twenty-one.。

、英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解:（一）句子成分1. 主语（subject ）:句子说明的人或事物。

主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。

The sun rises in the east. （名词）He likes dancing. （代词）Twenty years is a short time in history.（数词）Seeing is believing. （动名词）To see is to believe. （不定式）What he needs is a book. （主语从句）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）找岀下列句中的主语：Jane is good at playing the piano. （名词）She went out in a hurry. （代词）Four plus four is eight. （数词）To see is to believe. （不定式）Smoking is bad for health. （动名词）The young should respect the old. （名词化的形容词）What he has said is true. （句子）2.谓语（predicate ）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。

简单谓语：由动词或动词词组组成I saw the flag on the top of the hill?He looked after two orpha ns.复合谓语：由情态动词或助动词+动词；He can speak English well.She doesn ' t seem to like dancing.找岀下列句中的谓语（注：只有动词才可作谓语。

）：1. We love Chi na.2. We have finished reading this book.3. He can speak English.4. She seems tired.3. 表语（predicative ）:系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征3 ）双宾语 物.间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语 .直接宾语指物或事，间接宾语指人或动找岀下列句中的表语。

高考英语句子成分与句子结构专项讲解一、考点分析（考查形式：语法填空，句子翻译，及阅读中对句子的理解）二、专题详解Sentence Structure 句子成分练习①The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.②There is an old man coming here.③The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.(一) ①teacher ②man ③dictionary ④To do①I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall②The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. getB. longerC. daysD. summer③Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC. goD. bus④There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast⑥Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC. doD. his homework⑦What I want to tell you is this.A. wantB. to tellC. youD. is⑧We had better send for a doctor.A. WeB. hadC. sendD. doctor⑨He is interested in music.A. isB. interestedC. inD. music⑩Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB. didC. whomD. book(二) ①B ②A ③C ④A ⑤C ⑥C ⑦D ⑧C ⑨A ⑩A①The old man was feeling very tired.②Why is he worried about Jim?③The leaves have turned yellow.④Soon They all became interested in the subject.⑤She was the first to learn about it.①tired②worried ③yellow④interested ⑤the first①They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.②What is your given name?③On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.④I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.⑤The man downstairs was trying to sleep.⑥I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!①with the family name②given ③third④afraid ⑤downstairs ⑥of theother shoe①My brother hasn't done his homework.②People all over the world speak English.③You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.④How many new words did you learn last class?⑤Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?⑥The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.⑦They made him monitor of the class.⑧Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.⑨You will find it useful after you leave school.⑩They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.⑾She always thinks of how she can improve her spoken English.⑿Alisa is sorry for what she said.①his homework②English③good attention, your pronunciation④new words ⑤to go ⑥he wasill⑦him ⑧the bridge; the museum ⑨it⑩who "Father Christmas" really is.⑾how she can improve her spoken English ⑿what she said①She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.②He asked her to take the boy out of school.③She found it difficult to do the work.④They call me Lily sometimes.⑤I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.⑥Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?①to read②to take ③difficult④Lily ⑤get on ⑥playing①There was a big smile on her face.②Every night he heard the noise upstairs.③He began to learn English when he was eleven.④The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.⑤With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.⑥She loves the library because she loves books.⑦I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.⑧The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.①On her face②every night ③when he was eleven④too fast⑤With the medicine boxunder her arm⑥because she loves books⑦if you've lost it,⑧to see the other machine①Please tell us a story.②My father bought a new bike for me last week.③Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.④Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤Did he leave any message for me?⑥He told us once again that the situation was serious.(八) ①us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语②me, 间接宾语a new bike, 直接宾语③us, 间接宾语history, 直接宾语④Tom, 间接宾语it, 直接宾语⑤me, 间接宾语message, 直接宾语⑥us间接宾语；that the situation was serious 直接宾语1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting togetherearly in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palacesin Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managedto finish the work in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. I have no idea when he was born.14. I don’t know the time when he was born.1、主语，定语；2、间接宾语；3、谓语，状语；4、定语；5、状语，状语；6、定语，表语；7、宾语，状语；8、谓语；9、谓语；10、主语，表语；11、谓语，宾语；12、状语；13 同位语14 定语句子，按结构，分为三类:简单句、并列句和复合句。

句子成分一、句子成分句子成分：组成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。

即：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语和同位语。

主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。

表语、宾语、宾语补足语都是谓语的组成部分。

1、主语：是表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语和从句等充当。

例如：Mr. Cheng is an English teacher.程先生是英语教师He teaches English in No. 5 Middle School. 他在五中教英语。

To be a good teacher is not easy. 要当一位好老师并不容易。

The accused was sentenced to death．被指控者被判处死刑。

Her beloved died in the war. 她敬爱的人死于战场。

What he said is reasonable. 他说的话有道理。

2、谓语：是说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。

谓语（谓语部分里的主要词）用动词。

谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两个方面必须保持一致。

例如：We love China. 我热爱中国。

Mr. Cheng hopes to be a good teacher.程先生希望当一位好教师。

3、表语：是说明主语是什么或者怎么样。

由名词、代词、数词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词、短语或从句等充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。

例如：My father is a teacher. 我父亲是教师。

His work is to teach English . 他的工作是教英语。

Are you ready? 你准备好了吗？That’s what I should do. 这是我应该做的。

4、宾语：是表示动作行为的对象。

由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词或相当于名词的词、短语或从句等充当宾语，和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。