2018-2019学年湖北省宜昌市葛洲坝中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题

湖北省部分重点中学 2018-2019 学年度上学期期中考试高一英语试卷答案第一部分听力（1.5×20=30 分）1-5ACBCB 6-10CACBA 11-15BACAA 16-20CBCBB第二部分阅读理解第一节（2.5×10=25 分）21-25CABBA 26-30BDCDC第二节（2×5=10 分）31-35DCGAF第三部分语言运用第一节完形填空（1.5×20=30 分）36-40BCADC 41-45CBBAA 46-50DCDAD 51-55BCDBA 第二节语法填空（1.5×10=15 分）56. a 57. at58. deadly 59. exercising60. is 61. they62. children 63. than64. developed 65. has replaced第四部分写作第一节应用文写作（满分15 分）Dear Chris,I am writing to invite you to an outing on Moshan Hill with us next Sunday.There will be 20 people in total, including my friends and classmates. According to the schedule, we will meet at 8 o’clock on Sunday morning at the gate of Moshan Park. Then, we will climb the mountain and have a picnic on the summit, from where we can enjoy the beautiful scenery of the whole city. Should you join us, we will be more than glad.Looking forward to your earliest reply.Yours,Li Hua 第二节概要写作（满分25 分）I learned French in high school but didn’t become fluent in it. Just before my 50th birthday, I signed up for French classes. Hard as it was, I tried my best to learn. Later, I learned a lot beyond the language itself, for example, a language is a way of t hinking. Most importantly, I’ve learned that it is never too late to learn something new. (65W)。

宜昌市葛洲坝中学2018-2019学年第二学期高一年级五月阶段性检测英语试题第Ⅰ卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和 D ）中，选出最佳选项。

ALast summer I got a real taste of Swiss life when I spent six weeks with a host family in the Bermese Alps.On arriving at Erlenbach where my host family live, I knew I couldn’t have asked for a better setting: it was such a beautiful mountain village.And I couldn’t have asked for a better host family, either. They made me feel like part of their family, rather than a tourist, which was the most wonderful part of my stay there. I joined in my host family's day-to-day activities, whether helping pick berries in the garden or going to friends’ houses. I wasn't only travelling around Europe seeing the major sights, but I lost myself in a different culture.While many Swiss cultures are similar to America's, there are lots of differences, too. For example, most Swiss leave their windows open—without screens—all the time. At first I thought all the bugs (虫子) were going to get in and eat me alive, and wondered why they didn't close the windows and turn on the air conditioner. But then I realised there weren't many bugs and I really enjoyed the fresh air.Probably my biggest shock was the language. I expected the Swiss to speak German, but they spoke a dialect called Swiss German, which has hardly anything in common with German. At times I was very frustrated (受挫的) because my three years of German did not help, but my bad mood did not last. Anyhow, many people knew English and were extremely willing to speak it.Signing up for a cultural exchange was probably the biggest risk I ever took, but it was also the most rewarding. When I left, I promised I would return to Erlenbach. There is more to Switzerland than cheese and watches.21. What did the writer like best about his stay in Switzerland?A. Playing a part in the host family's housework.B. Making lots of friends in the village.C. Feeling a great sense of belonging there.D. Enjoying the beautiful scenery of the Alps.22. How did the writer feel at first when he found his host family always kept thewindows open?A. Relaxed.B. Worried.C. Disappointed.D. Excited.23. Why was the language the writer's biggest shock during his exchange visit?A. Because he found his German not good enough for communication.B. Because the Swiss spoke English so well that he needn't have learned German.C. Because he had thought that the Swiss spoke German.D. Because the locals told him that Swiss German was almost the same as German.BBritish Women Writers in Different Periods of Time The English RenaissanceThe English Renaissance began in the later part of the fifteenth century and lasted until the 1660s. Among the most famous women writers of this period is Aphra Behn, who is seen as the first professional woman writer in English. She wrote a number of plays that dealt with topics such as racism and slavery. A good example is Oroonoko published in 1688. Aphra Behn's works also include the plays The Amourous Prince, The Town Fop, The Dutch Lover and her only tragedy, Abdelazer.The Neoclassical periodAmong the well-known women in British literature during the neoclassical period,from 1660 to the end of the eighteenth century, is Anne Finch. She wrote poetry and tried to express all that she saw and experienced. Two other women are recognised for their contributions to neoclassical British literature: Mary Astell and Lady Mary Wortley Montagu. Mary Astell was a philosopher and a feminist writer. She is best known now for her theories on the education of women.The Romantic periodJane Austen is one of the most famous women writers that worked during the Romantic period ( 1798- 1832 ). Her works include several novels, most of which focus on marriage as a way for young women to secure social standing and economic security. Her most famous novels are Pride and Prejudice, Sense and Sensibility and Emma. Another famous woman writer from the English Romanticism is Mary Shelley. She is the author of Frankenstein, History of Six Weeks Tour and The Last Man.The Victorian periodThe Victorian period, between the 1830s and1900, was the time when the Bronte sisters, George Eliot and Elizabeth Gaskell lived and wrote. Charlotte Bronte, Emily Bronte and Anne Bronte produced many British literary classics. Charlotte's novels include Jane Eyre, Shirley, Villette and The Professor. Mary Anne Evans used the male pen name George Eliot as she wanted to set herself apart from the feminine works of cookbooks and domestic moral tales. Her most famous novel is The Mill on the Floss published in 1860.24. According to the passage, what are Aphra Behn's plays mainly about?A. Cooking and gardening.B. Racism and slavery.C. Economic security.D. Education of women.25.Which period does Jane Austen belong to?A. The Victorian period.B. The English Renaissance.C. The Neoclassical period.D. The Romantic period.26. Why did Mary Anne Evans publish her stories underthe name of George Eliot?A. Women were forbidden to write novels then.B. Her works would be different.C. It helped promote her works.D. It sounded more popular.27. If a reader is interested in women's education,whose works can be the best choice?A. Anne Finch's.B.Mary Astell's.C. Mary Wortley Montagu's.D. Mary Shelley's.CWith the development of our society, cellphones have become a common part in Our lives. Have you ever run into careless cellphone users on the street? Maybe they were busy talking，texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new “species” of humans has kept rising, they have been given a new name phubbers ( 低头族).Recently a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones. A doctor plays with his cellphone while letting his patient die, a pretty woman takes a selfie (自拍) in front of a car accident site，and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his cellphone. A chain of similar events finally leads to the destruction of the world.Although the ending of the film seems unrealistic, the damage phubbing can bringis real. Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it. “Always bending your head to check your cellphone could damage your neck,” Guangming Daily quoted doctors' words. “The neck is like a rope that breaks af ter long term stretching. Also, staring at cellphones for a long time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report.But that's not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. When getting together with family or friends, many people prefer to play their cellplones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.It can also cost your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed of their cellphones in broad daylight. Consequently, we should know some approaches to getting rid of these damages.28. Why does the author give the example of a cartoon in Paragraph 2 ?A. To tell people the bad effects of phubbing.B. To suggest phubbers will destroy the world.C. To call for people to go walking without phones.D. To advise students to create more cartoons like this.29. According to the passage，what risks may a phubber have?①Destroying the world.②Affecting his social skills.③Damaging his neck and eyesight.④Getting separated from his friends and family.A. ②③④B. ①②④C. ①②③④D. ①③④30. What's the author's attitude towards phubbing?A. Confident.B. Supportive.C. Optimistic.D. Disapproving.31. What will be talked about in the following paragraph?A. Bad effects of phubbing.B Ways to avoid the risks of phubbingC. Methods of phubbing.D. Daily life of phubbers.DFrom the loss of wildlife to rising sea levels, we are all well aware of the problems that climate change could cause. But while it may seem like such issues won’t affect most of us directly, it looks like future generations could grow up without something that many of us now take for granted: chocolate.According to an essay published by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, changes of the climate in the areas that produce cacao—the plant from which chocolate is produced may mean that it will soon become extinct.Most of the world’s cacao grows in countries close to the equator(赤道), with over half of it growing in the African nations of Ghana and Ivory Coast. It’s predicted that by 2050, climate change will have sped up the rate at which temperatures in these countries rise, making it extremely difficult for cacao to grow there. The problem doesn’t lie in increasing heat, but in lower humidity(湿度), as it’s believed that rainfall will stay at the same level if the temperature rises.“In other words, as higher temperatures squeeze more water out of soil and plants, it is unlikely that rainfall will increase enough to offset the moisture(水分)loss,”wrote Michon Scott, the essay’s author.To help fight with this problem, researchers from Berkeley University in the US are working on changing the DNA of cacao plants to allow them to survive in dryer conditions by using gene editing technology, according to US News. In the meantime, Mars, one of the world’s biggest companies of chocolate products, announced thatit would spend 1 billion dollars to help reduce the effects of climate change.“This is a world issue, and it requires everyone to work together,” Mars spokesperson Barry Parkin told Business Insider.The message here is that if we all do our part, we may be able to prevent some of the worst influences of climate change. Or if we're unlucky, chocolate will becomea thing of the past.32. What will make it hard for cacao to survive around the equator in the future?A. The decrease of rainfall.B. The increasing heat.C. The higher humidity.D. The moisture loss in the soil.33. What does the underlined word “offset” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Bring up.B. Make up.C. Use up.D. Dry up.34. What will Mars do to help cacao survive?A. It will work hard to plant cacao in greenhouses.B. It will give financial support to help fight climate change.C. It will use the gene editing technology to plant cacao.D. It will develop cacao that can survive in dryer conditions.35. What is this article mainly about?A. The influence that cacao plants have on climate change.B. Problems cacao plants could face and the possible solutions.C. The significance of working together to fight climate change.D. Some new research and findings about growing cacao.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期中试题（含解析）考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How many people will visit New York for free? （）A. 2.B. 3.C. 5.2. What does the man advise the woman to do? （）A .See Mr. Smith. B. Check the letter. C. Type the letter again.3. What’s wrong with Jane?A. She misses her home very much.B. She hasn’t received her mother’s letter. （）C. She is worried about her mother’s health.4. What does the man want to do? （）A. Learn to play baseball.B. Organize a baseball team.C. Find a baseball player.5. What does Susan mean? （）A She had a date then.B. She will put off the meeting.C. She didn’t have time to prepare the speech.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

宜昌市葛洲坝中学2018-2019学年第二学期高一年级五月阶段性检测英语试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力 (共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题; 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Who might the man be?A. A visitorB. A policemanC. A waiter2.What was the woman probably doing last night?A.Reading an interesting story book.B.Expecting a phone call from the man.C.Talking to her friends.3.What does the man think of Mrs.Anderson’s lesson?A.HelpfulB. BoringC. Unnecessary4.What has happened to the man’s Spanish dictionary?A.It’s too old to be used.B.The man knows where the woman put the dictionary.C.The woman probably lost it.5.Where did Paul plan to go on his way home?A.To the officeB. To the shopC. To the bank第二节（共15小题; 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

宜昌市部分示范高中教学协作体2019年春期中联考高一英语（全卷满分：150分考试用时：120分钟）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Where will the man wait for the woman?A. At Grand Hotel.B. At Energy Building.C. At Green Park.2. When will the speakers meet?A. On Wednesday.B. On Thursday.C. On Friday.3. What does the man want to do?A. Get a guide.B. Hire a boat.C. Buy a guidebook.4. What is the man looking for?A. A letter.B. A file.C. A notebook.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. The woman's hairstyle.B. The woman’s dog.C. The woman’s clothes.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面五段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答6、7题。

6. When will the speakers’ flight take off?A. At 6:30.B. At 5:30.C. At 4:30.7. How will the speakers get to the airport?A. By bus.B. By subway.C. By taxi.请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

2019-2020学年宜昌市葛洲坝中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项APlan Your Visit to the British MuseumWe've made a few changes to ensure you can safely enjoy your visit:How to book tickets·Tickets for the permanent collection can only be hooked online in advance.·To book tickets for exhibitions, visit our exhibition pages. If you want to guarantee your visit to the permanent collection as well as the exhibition on your visit, you will need to book a separate ticket.·We are limiting numbers of people in the museum to ensure there is room for you to safely enjoy your visit. Everyone, including members and volunteers, will therefore need to book a free, timed ticket in advance.Important information about your ticket booking·You can book up to six tickets for people who live in the same family.·We will email yourticket to you, and you will need to show it either printed out or on your device (设备) when you arrive.·Please arrive at the time stated on your ticket-we cannot guarantee admission before or after it.Following the routeWe have created a new one-way route through the museum which will allow you to safely explore world cultures from the Mediterranean to the Middle East and from the Americas to Africa.·View a map of the route (Open in a new window).·Our audio guides (音频指南) are not available. However, youcan pay to download the audio introductions from iTunes (Open in a new window) or Google Play (Open in a new window) to each of the galleries and listen on your own device. Please remember to bring along your own headphones.1.Why does the museum offer timed tickets?A.To earn more money.B.To hire more volunteers.C.To save room for collections.D.To control the number of visitors.2.How can a visitor learn about the new route in advance?A.View an online map.B.Buy a new headphone.C.Buy audio guides from the museum.D.Download video introductions from iTunes.3.Where can you probably find the text?A.In a newspaper.B.In a magazine.C.On a website.D.In a report.BYu Chenrui, 29, is a maker of automata (机关人偶) in Chengdu, Sichuan province. Automata are built to look like humans or animals and give the illusion (错觉) of being able to move ontheir own, “The art form amazes me, because it combines various skills, from storytelling to mechanics, and the pieces are built with a sense of humor,” Yu says. His creations have caught the attention of well-known artists and his fancy pieces of art have attracted collectors worldwide.Interested in handcrafts as a boy, Yu first encountered automata designed by Japanese artist Kazuaki at an exhibition in 2015 when he studied at the Communication University of China in Beijing. “It was like meeting a like-minded friend, ” Yu says, recalling the moment. As an art and design major, he began to learn the craft by himself and, with the support of his tutor, he kept studying and examining automata in school.When he graduated in 2016, Yu landed a job at an advertising agency in Beijing. He stayed on at the company for three years because, at that time, he was not sure that he could make a living out of his hobby. While working as a designer Yu kept exploring and advancing his skills in wood carving and mechanics. Eventually, despite the job’s good salary, it was not enough to make up for not following his true passion. Finally, in 2018, Yu quit his job and returned to Chengdu to open his automata workshop.To keep himself occupied while running his workshop, he planted blueberries, raspberries and cherries. He watered, weeded and added fertilizer (肥料) every day. “Daily routines helped me calm down and inspire my creativity, which resulted in an automaton called To Observe the Autumn,” Yu says.Over time, Yu’s reputation grew and his business flourished (兴旺). Many of Yu’s creations are built with a dash of wisdom, a sprinkle of humor and are inspired by observations of real life. Yu knows that there are many more creative ideas waiting to be expressed. “It feels quite good to be fully devoted to automata creation and I am still searching for myself.”4. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. Yu is equipped with various skills.B. Yu is a person full of sense of humor.C Yu is now gaining recognition worldwide.D. Yu is following the latest trend in handcraft.5. Why did Yu quit his job in Beijing?A. He couldn't make a living out of it.B. He wanted to pursue his own dream.C. He missed his family in Chengdu.D. He thought he had a lot experience.6. According to Yu, what contributes to his creativity as an automata artist?A. The fruits he grows.B. Success of his business.C. His devotion to the job.D. Observation from daily life.7. Which of the following can best describe Yu’s story?A. There is no end to learning.B. Great hopes make great man.C. Actions speak louder than words.D. Experience is the mother of wisdom.CA new study has discovered that meditation (冥想) and oxygen sport together reduce depression. The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students,” said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman. “It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect on combatingdepression. Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport. They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing, enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.Shors, who studies the productionof new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.The idea for the human intervention (干预) came fromher laboratory studies, she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.By learning to focus their attention and exercise, people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past, Shors says.“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health.” said Alderman. “The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”8. What made the research so different?A. Adopting a way of meaningful talk.B. Combining the two behavioral ways to treat depression.C. Treating depression with special medicine.D. Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.9. The underlined word “combating” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______.A. fightingB. identifyingC. distinguishingD. examining10. What did the participants do in the research?A. They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.B. They thought quietly and then took exercise.C. They took exercise longer than they thought.D. They took exercise while thinking quietly.11. What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?A. To find out certain brain cells of humans.B. To study the production of new brain cells.C. To offer people a new method to treat stress.D. To decide the links between stress and exercise.DTwenty years ago, I became involved in pet therapy(疗法) work with our Angel. As she matured and went through professional training, we realized that she would be good at this new job.Angel is ten now and works every week. She visits two hospitals providing day care for the elderly, and ourlibrary’s PAWS forReadingprogram. At the library, six to ten dogs lie on the floor, and the kids pick a book to read to a dog. After they finish, they get a card with the dog’s picture and history. Angel also helps out at a special-needs camp. She is so popular that everywhere we go people recognize her, especially the kids she has worked with.We have seen some very special things through our pet therapy work. I brought Angel to our local hospital to visit a woman who was completely unable to move the right side of her body from a stroke(中风). One day, my husband, Jack, got Angel up into a chair next to the woman’s bed, asking her if she wanted to give Angel a treat. She nodded. Angel gently took the treat. Then the woman raised her right hand and started petting Angel. Her friend couldn’t believe her eyes.After that, every time we saw the woman, she lifted her left hand. We’d tell her she had to use her right hand, and she would. Next, you’ll fall in love with this woman’s story of rearing her own Angel later in her family and why she calls it the best decision she ever made.12. Who is Angel?A. A pet trainer.B. A hospitalC. A therapy dog.D. The author’s kid.13. What does Angel usually do?A. Save seriously ill people.B. Pay visits to kids in hospital.C. Protect the elderly in their homes.D. Help children at a special camp.14. Why was the woman’s friend astonished?A The woman moved her right hand.B. The woman treated Angel.C. Angel helped the woman recover.D. Angel got along with the woman.15. What does the underlined word “rearing” in the last paragraph mean?A. Accompanying.B. Raising.C. Assisting.D. Training.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年宜昌市葛洲坝中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhile Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor（监控器）a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer'sLos Angelesapartment, the monitor inPhoenixtracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked remotely to prevent Internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past？Or was she slowing down？In the battle against cheating, this is thecutting edgeand a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. This technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid — that students haven't searched the Internet to get the right answers.Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of "open online courses". Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students’ identities using personal information, such as the telephone numbers they once used.Other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating.1. Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?A. To correct her typing mistakes.B. To find her secrets in the room.C. To keep her from dishonest deeds.D. To prevent her from slowing down.2. What does the underlined expression "cutting edge" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. sharpening toolB. advanced techniqueC. effective ruleD. dividing line3. How can some programs find out possiblecheaters?A. By scanning the Internet test questions.B. By checking the question answering speed.C. By producing a large number of questions.D. By giving difficult test questions.B“One person’s trash is another person’s treasure.” That’s a common expression, but the next time you throw something away, think about a twist on the old saying. What if your trash could become your own treasure? Many creative, thrifty, and environmentally minded people have come up with a way to makethathappen. It’s called upcycling. Our world would be a better place if everyone would begin upcycling.Upcycling is the practice of taking an unwanted item and turning it into something useful. For example, how about that pair of jeans with a hole in one knee? It could become a new pillow for your bedroom.Upcycling is not the same as recycling. Upcycling is actually much better for the environment. Recycling takes an item made of glass, paper, metal, or plastic, breaks it down to its base material, and then uses that material to make another product. This requires a great deal of energy. On the other hand, when you choose to upcycle, the only energy you use is your own. And upcycling not only reduces the amount of trash that goes into our landfills, but it also protects natural resources, such as oil and gas. Recycling is good for the environment, but upcycling is even better.Upcycling also makes a family’s budget stretch further. Of course, the idea of reusing items to save money is not new. During the Great Depression in the 1930s, many families lived on a tight budget. People had to use what they already had in order to meet their needs.As responsible citizens, we should all be concerned with protecting our environment and budgeting our resources. Upcycling is a fun and creative way to help. The next time you go to toss something into the trash can, stop and think about what it could become. Chances are, there’s a brand-new item in your hand just waiting to be upcycled.4. Why does the author mention an old saying in the first paragraph?A. To arise reader’s awareness of upcycling.B. To stress the importance of upcycling.C. To lead in the topic of upcycling.D. To show the idea of upcycling.5. Which one below belongs to upcycling?A. An old ladder is transformed into a bookshelf.B. Old tin cans are transported to landfill.C. A broken wooden door is chopped up.D. Old cloth is made into a paper bed.6. What is the difference between recycling and upcycling?A. Upcycling is much more creative.B. Recycling is much easier to achieve.C. Recycling is much more cost-saving.D. Upcycling is much more energy-efficient.7. What can be inferred from the text?A. Upcycling is popular at present.B. Upcycling is replacing recycling.C. Upcycling is worth recommending.D. Upcycling is a tradition in daily life.CNot long after the first fitness magazine was published, a list probably followed soon after, ranking the best fitness equipment. This tradition has continued, with the implied message: usethisand exercise willbe yours.And that's part of the problem, says Dr. Lieberman, a professor of Harvard University. There isn't one “best” anything to achieve fitness. Besides, people understand exercise is good for them. Knowledge about exercise still doesn't motivate.Before you can answer why, it helps to look at history. Before the Industrial Revolution, people fetched water and walked up stairs because they had to. But then technology made life and work easier. Exercise has become something that people have to carve out time for. “It's a fundamental instinct to avoid physical activity when it's neither necessary nor rewarding,” he says.It would seem like being healthy would qualify as necessary, but a doctor's prescription to exercise “can make it like taking cod liver oil,” Lieberman says. “Sometimes it works, but more often than not, it doesn't. And it's still coming across as an order, and “not having a heart attack in five years is not an immediate reward,” says Dr. Beth Frates, assistant professor at Harvard Medical School.People might not want to exercise because it's never been enjoyable. Most of us probably have memories of gym class, not being picked for a team, or being in a fitness center that's filled with in-shape people. The majority don't feel excited. They feel that exercise isn't for them, but it can be. Coaching people in an empowering and motivating way can work much better than ordering someone to exercise. It starts with an expanded definition of what counts as exercise, and an injection of what's rarely used to describe exercise, but is certainly allowed: namely, fun.8. What does the underlined “this” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. The magazine.B. The tradition.C. The equipment.D. The message.9. What can we infer about technology?A. It improves life quality.B. It saves people's time.C. It drives social progress.D. It makes exercise less likely.10. Why does the author mention “cod liver oil” in paragraph 4?A. To attach importance to health.B. To present a doctor's prescription.C. To explain exercise is considered inessential.D. To introduce the latest medical application.11. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Exercise should be made more joyful.B. It's more fun to work out with others.C. We may encounter bad workout experiences.D. Orders work well to motivate people to exercise.DThe English language is changing, and you are responsible! Whether we consider changes in grammar, spelling, pronunciation, or the very vocabulary of the language, you have played your part and continue to do so.When we first learned basic grammar and spelling, perhaps in elementary school, we might have gotten theimpression that these things were sacred. The rules that apply to such things might have been presented as unchanging and unchangeable. While this way might be helpful for teaching children, it is far from accurate.The English language, like many others, is a living, growing, ever-evolving thing. Like it or not, you are involved in this change. These changes take many forms. Grammar and spelling have changed greatly over the years and centuries, with the spelling differences in different countries today a reflection of this. While the language of a thousand years ago might be called English, most of us would hardly recognize it today as the same language.The first involves changes in the pronunciation of words. Many are familiar with the differences between the British and American ways of pronouncing certain words. In addition to these differences, the pronunciation of many words has changed over the years because of how you have decided to pronounce them. For example, consider the word "err." The traditional pronunciation of this word rhymes with the word "her." Older dictionaries show this to be the primary or only pronunciation. However, in recent years, more and more people have been pronouncing it so that it sounds like "air." Another change in the language involves the addition and removal of words. The makers of dictionaries decide which words deserve to be officially adopted as part of the English language. Through the centuries, many words have come from other languages. In fact, English has probably done this more than any other language in the world, which is why spelling and pronunciation rules for English have so many exceptions.Of course, many slang words have been just short-lived fashions that have died out quickly. Others, though, have been adopted by mainstream society and become respectable, as have many technical terms. So then remember, the next time you repeat the newest expression to hit the street, or make up your own words, you may be contributing to the future of the English language.12. When we begin to learn English, we think _________.A. it is interesting to pick up a new languageB. English rules are wrongly presented in factC. grammar and spelling rules are unchangeableD. only adults have the ability to affect a language13. From paragraph 3 we can know that_________.A. we can change the English languageB. many languages are changing over yearsC. English has changed little in the past 1,000 yearsD. there were main changes in grammar and pronunciation14. Why is the pronunciation of words changing?A. people speak in different waysB. people have adopted foreign wordsC. it has been affected by American EnglishD. makers of dictionaries often change them15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Foreign words involved in English.B. The British speaks differently from Americans.C. English language is changing over years.D. You can change the English language.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年宜昌市葛洲坝中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt's time to put your two-wheeler to good use on these fun bike paths — each varying in distance and difficulty. Just choose one fit for you.• Paulinskill Valley TrailCheck out Paulinskill Valley Trail, filled with forests, wetlands, and small townsalong this 25- mile route. While the trail is mostly flat, you can do a quick ride. You're likely to catch sight of beautiful birds, considering more than 100 species find a home in the land near the path. Check out the trail in the fall - prime time for pretty sights.•AlaHele MakalaeOn theislandofKaui, you'll find a bike path with lots of beachy views that'll leave you feeling accomplished yet calm. The name translates to “The Path that Goes By Coast,” and, as you might guess, the seven-mile path hugs the shoreline. Start early enough and you'll witness an incredible sunrise to make it even more amazing,• TheCheaha RouteThis ride covers up to 126 miles, with steep climbs and extreme downhills along the way. So prepare for a thrilling ride - one that’s not necessarily for the inexperienced or those looking for an easy, casual ride. Along the route, you'll pedal through five towns. The journey is worth it, though, because you get some of the most scenic views in the state.• The Whitefish TrailFamous for its countless route options, whether you’re a new biker looking for smooth tracks or you have more experience and want to play around on rocky, more technical land, this bike path brings in lots of visitors. The 43-mile route offers beautiful green scenery. Around every comer, you’ll see a new jaw-dropping landscape, from glassy lakes to green mountains.1. When is the best time to visit Paulinskill Valley Trail?A. In Autumn.B. All year round.C. On early mornings.D. On sunny days.2. Which route is not fit for someone new to cycling?A. The Whitefish Trail.B. Ala Hele Makalae.C. Paulinskill Valley Trail.D. TheCheaha Route.3. What's the common feature of the four routes?A. They are full of challenges.B. Various route options are offered.C. They have beautiful scenery.D. Different species can be found there.BWhen you walk on a sandy beach, it takes more energy than striding down a sidewalk — because the weight of your body pushes into the sand. Turns out, the same thing is true for vehicles driving on roads. The weight of the vehicles creates a very shallow indentation (凹陷) in the pavement (路面) — and it makes it such that it’s continuously driving up a very shallow hill.Jeremy Gregory, a sustainability scientist at M.I.T. and histeam modeled how much energy could be saved — and green-house gases avoided — by simply stiffening (硬化) the nation’s roads and highways. And they found that stiffening 10 percent of the nation’s roads every year could prevent 440 megatons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions over the next five decades — enough to offset half a percent of projected transportation sector emissions over that time period. To put those emissions savings into context — that amount is equivalent to how much CO2 you’d spare the planet by keeping a billion barrels of oil in the ground — or by growing seven billion trees — for a decade.The results are in the Transportation Research Record.As for how to stiffen roads? Gregory says you could mix small amounts of synthetic fibers orcarbon nanotubes into paving materials. Or you could pave with cement-based concrete, which is stiffer than asphalt (沥青).This system could also be a way to shave carbon emissions without some of the usual hurdles. Usually, when it comes to reducing emissions in the transportation sector, you’re talking about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior, which involves millions and millions of people — as opposed to changing the way we design and maintain our pavements. That’s just on the order of thousands of people who are working in transportation agencies. And when it comes to retrofitting (翻新) our streets and highways —those agencies are where the rubber meets the road.4. Why does the author mention “walk on a sandy beach” in paragraph 1?A. To present a fact.B. To make a contrast.C. To explain a rule.D. To share an experience.5. What suggestion does the author give to reduce CO2 emissions?A. Hardening the road.B. Keeping oil in the ground.C. Growing trees for decades.D. Improving the transportation.6. What is the advantage of this suggestion?A. Gaining more support.B. Consuming less money.C. Involving more people.D. Facing fewer usual obstacles.7. What does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph?A.Those agencies are likely to make more rules.B. Those agencies will change some related policies.C. Those agenciesmight put more rubber tires on the roads.D. Those agencies will play a key role in making this happen.CIt’s easy to do easy things, but they don’t carry the challenges and rewards of doing something difficult. Scott Kelly said he tried to express that view everywhere he went. And he spoke from experience, having spent a career that included the time as a NASA astronaut, US Navy captain, fighter pilot, and engineer.Scott spoke at the University of North Alabama, sharing stories about his experience of spending a year on the International Space Station (ISS). He said the physical pressure of living in weightlessness for a year was hard to describe and that the fluids(积水) in his head sometimes made him feel like he was standing on his head. It also needed some time to recover when he returned home. “My legs were weak and it would be uncomfortable to sit for a while because my body hadn’t had that pressure so long,” Scott said.He discussed life aboard including spending time with Russian astronauts. They came from different cultures. He had managed to get along well with everyone aboard as they lived together, worked together, and had to rely on each other. He thought it was one of the most rewarding things in his life.Though life there was not easy, Scott never regretted being an astronaut and going to space. He also discussed experiences growing up, admitting that he wasn’t always the greatest student but was able to overcome that through hard work and determination.“Never give up or lower your dreams. If you work for it, all things are possible. There is a zero percent chance of succeeding if you don’t even try. And when you succeed after trying hard, you’ll find it really rewarding,” Scott said in the end.8. Scott mentioned his experience in the ISS mainly to show ________.A. he enjoyed making speechesB. he was a responsible astronautC. his life in space was challengingD. the daily life of an astronaut can be boring9. What may benefit Scott most when he lived with Russian astronauts?A. He won some awards through teamwork.B. He found the fun of living in the Space Station.C. He learned to develop close relationships with others.D. He picked up some knowledge of Russian culture.10. Which of the following can best describe Scott?A. Kind and thoughtful.B. Curious and humorous.C. Easygoing and sociable.D. Hardworking and determined.11. What does the author intend to tell us from Scott’s story?A. It’s importantto have a dreamB. Easy things are also worth doingC. A suitable career leads one to success.D. Difficult things are demanding but rewardingDResearchers say spicy tomatoes could soon be on the menu thanks to the rise of gene-editing technology.It's not the first time that experts have claimed techniques could develop fruit with unusual features: scientists have already been looking at changing the color1 of kiwi fruit and bettering the taste of strawberries.But researchers inBrazilandIrelandsay such methods could also offer practical advantages, with hot tomatoes offering a new way of harvesting the pungent chemicals found in peppers known as capsaicinoids, which make food taste “hot”.“Capsaicinoids are valuable. They are used as painkillers and there are some researches showing that they promote weight loss,” said Agustin Zsogon from a Brazilian university, a co-author of a new article arguing for the benefits of engineering hot tomatoes.Writing in the journal Trends in Plant Science, the researchers say peppers are difficult crops to grow and low productive. Worse still, it is tricky to keep the pungency of the fruits table. By contrast, tomato production is high and the plant is well-studied. “You could produce the capsaicinoids in a more cost-effective manner,” said Zsogon.Tomatoes and peppers developed from a common ancestor, but separated about 19 million years ago. “All these genes to produce capsaicinoids exist in the tomato, they are just not active,” said Zsogon. “Using gene-editing technology, it is likely to switch these genes back on in tomatoes, making the fruit more special”, he said.12. Why are the tomatoes made hot by the researchers?A. To test the gene-editing technologyB. To improve the amount of the tomatoesC. To explore ways to harvest more capsaicinoids.D. To make the tomatoes more delicious.13. For what purpose can capsaicinoids be used according to the text?A. To put on weight.B. To ease the pain.C. To improve sleep.D. To better the look.14. What is Zsogon's attitude to the gene-editing technology?A. Confident.B. Critical.C. Anxious.D. Doubtful.15. What's the main idea of the text?A. An introduction to gene-editing plants.B. Creating hot tomatoes by gene-editing.C. Problems with capsaicinoid production.D. The procedure of producing capsaicinoids.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期中试题(共120分)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

(A)It was already late when we started for the next town. It was a bout 15 miles away on the other side of the hill. There we felt sure that we would find a bed for the night. Darkness fell alon g the narrow road to the hill. As we climbed higher, it became colder and rain began to fall. It was difficult at times to see the road, so I asked my friend John to drive slowly.Now we traveled for about 20miles but we could not find the t own. We were beginning to feel worried. Then the car stopped. We found we were out of petrol, so we decided to spend the night in the car.After eating some bread, I tried to go to sleep at once, but Joh n, a poor sleeper, got out of the car after a few minutes and w ent for a walk up the hill. Soon he came running back. From the top of the hill he had seen the lights of the town in the valle y below. We at once tried to push car to the top of the hill. In l ess than an hour we were in the town, and we found a hotel t here easily.1. The car stopped because___________.A. they had traveled more than 20 milesB. it was broken.C. there was no petrol left.D. they were hungry.2. John found__________.A. the lights of the townB. a valleyC. a hotelD. a house3. It took them____________ to get to the town.A. less than an hourB. a quarterC. more than a quarter.D.a half quarter4. The travelers___________.A. did not know the hotelB. knew the town wellC. did not know the town.D. knew the hotel well5. John ______________.A. was a poor man.B. couldn't sleep wellC. didn't like to sleep in the carD. knew the town well (B)I came to study in the United States a year ago .Yet I did not know the real American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor and go t o court.（法庭）After the accident my roommate called a doctor for me. I w as very grateful and determined to repay him one day. But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done . I was astonished. He had good reason to charge me, he sai d. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was r esponsible for my injury, I’d have to have a good lawyer. And only a good doctor can help me get a good lawyer .Now that h e had helped me find a good doctor, it was only fair that I sho uld pay him.But every day I went to see the doctor, I had to wait about 5 0 minutes. He would see two or three patients at the same tim e, and often stop treating one so as to see another. Yet he ch arged me $115 each time .The final examination report consis ted of ten lines, and it cost me $215.My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met. But after tha t he avoided seeing me at all. He knew very well the other par ty was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did anything . He simply waited to collect his money. He was so irresponsi ble that I decided to dismiss(打发，解雇) him. And he made me pay him $770.Now I had to act as my own lawyer. Due to my inexperience, I told the insurance company the date I was leaving Americ a. Knowing that, they played for time…and I left without getting a cent.6. The author’s roommate offered to help him because______ __.A. he felt sorry for the authorB. he thought it was a chance to make some moneyC. he knew the doctor was a very good oneD. he wanted the author to have a good lawyer7. A good doctor is essential(必要的) for the author to __________.A. be properly treatedB. talk with the person responsible for the accidentC. recover before he leaves AmericaD. eventually(最后) get the responsible person to pay for his injury8. The word“charge”in the third paragraph means____ _ .A. watch overB. solveC. ask as a price(价格) D. excite9. Both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are very__________.A. friendlyB. selfishC. professional（职业的，专业的） D. busy10. What conclusion can you draw from the story?A. Going to court is something very common in America.B. One must be very careful while driving a car.C. There are more bad sides in America than good sides.D. Money is more important than other things in the US.(C)Do you love holidays but hate the increase weight(体重) that follows? You are not alone.Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods. Many people, however, are worried about the weight that com es along with these delicious foods.With proper planning, though, it is possible to control your weight. The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too mu ch. You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you.Do not miss meals. Before you leave home for a feast(宴会),have a small, low-fat snack(小吃). This may help to keep you from getting too excited beforedelicious foods. Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables.A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full. Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have m ore than enough.Better not have high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in the m.Choose lean meat(瘦肉 ).Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables.If you have a sweet tooth, try mints (薄荷) and fruits. They don’t have fat content as cream and choc olate.Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess(过多的) calories.(卡路里)11. Holidays are happy days with pleasure but they may ____ __A. bring weight problemsB. bring you much trouble in your lifeC. make you worried about your foodsD. make you hate deli cious foods12. In order to really enjoy your holidays without putting on weight, you'd better__A. drink much water and have vegetables onlyB. not eat th e food in high fatC. not accept invitations to feastsD. turn away from d elicious foods13. According to the passage, ___ is a necessary part to stop you from putting on weight.A. vegetablesB. waterC. calories of energyD. physical exercise14. Many people can't help putting on weight after the holiday s because they _______ .A. can't control themselvesB. go to too many feastsC. enjoy delicious foodsD. can't help turning away from the foods15. Excess calories can be found in your body in the form of_ __ .A. energyB. fatC. foodD. something invisible (看不见)第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。