词汇与语法1

初一英语词汇与语法名词1.There is C popular in the world. （be unpopular with sb.不受某人的欢迎）A.many,musicB.a lot of ,thingsC.a lot of ,musicD.many ,things (be popular with sb.受某人欢迎) Much = a lot of +(可数名词复数形式，不可数名词) ; (glass: 杯子不可数名词；玻璃可数名词)2.Kitty doesn’t wear .（C ）.A. glass B.a pair of glass C.glasses（眼镜）D.a piece of glass3.I read English for every evening. （C ）A.hourB. a hourC. an hour D two hour4.It is fine today. Let is go for .（C ）. A. walk B. walks C.a walk D.walked5.I think math very usefull. （B ）A. am B.is C.be D.are6.There is a lot of to do . （C ）A. homeworksB.houseworksC.homeworkD.works7.She says that the woman has two . （C ）A. childB.childsC.childrenD.childes8.I am thirty ,please make for me . （C ）A. a teaB. teasC. a cup of teaD.a cup of teas9.My little brother is Grandpa,s . （D ）A. favoriterB.favoritesC. most favoritesD. favorite10.How many can you see? （D ）A. milksB.a glass of milkC.glasses of milksD.glasses of milk11.There are things in the shop. （C ）A. many of B.much of C.a lot of D.a lot12.They eat and we eat . （D ）A.bread,meatsB.breads,meatsC.breads,metD.bread,meat13.There are few in the bridge .Let,s go and buySome peas,carrots and cabbages. （D ）A. fruitB. eggsC.meatD. vegetables14.It,s verylate and now there is bus 。

知识图谱Unit 1 Family知识精讲一、必背词汇father n. 爸爸，父亲grandfather n.（外）祖父；爷爷；外公grandmother n.（外）祖母；奶奶；外婆mother n. 母亲，妈妈every adj. 每一个，每个day n. 一天，一日weekend n. 周末cousin n. 堂兄（弟、姐、妹）；表兄（弟、姐、妹）daughter n. 女儿granddaughter n.（外）孙女grandson n.（外）孙子husband n. 丈夫son n. 儿子wife n. 妻子call v. 召唤；把……叫做n. 打电话him pron. 他run v. 跑，奔跑same adj. 相同的age n. 年龄as adv. 如同sing v. 唱歌，演唱dance v. 跳舞live v. 住，居住；生活near prep. 在……附近，靠近visit v. 看望；参观；拜访them pron. 他们；她们；它们parent n. 父亲或母亲Mrs n. 太太，夫人grandparent n. （外）祖父；（外）祖母can v. 能，会；可以park n. 公园pretty adj.漂亮的；标致的short adj. 个字矮的，短的strong adj. 强壮的，强健的thin adj. 瘦的；薄的；细的young adj. 年轻的but conj. 而，但是……think v. 认为；想；思考pet n. 宠物clever adj. 聪明的leader n. 领导者；领袖basketball n. 篮球；篮球运动yum excl. 味道好，好吃hour n. 小时university n. 大学interest n. 兴趣；趣味v. 使感兴趣film n. 电影，影片soon adv. 很快，马上，不久else adv. 其他的；别的idea n. 主意，想法；看法whose det. 谁的food n. 食物bird n. 鸟world n. 世界二、重点词汇1. every determiner /ˈev.ri/1). used when referring to all the members of a group of three or more（3个或3个以上的人或事物组成的群体中的）每一个，每个；全部，整体例句：We’re open every day except Sunday.除了星期天我们每天都开门营业。

1.How do you for coming late for the meeting？A）explain B）excuseC）describe D）account2.The mother was so at the news that she didn’t know what to do.A）admired B）amazedC）amused D）curious3.He likes to listen to music with the radio turned on at full .A）power B）voiceC）volume D）sound4.The coach must take a large of the blame for the failure of the football match.A）quantity B）numberC）share D）amount5.Although alone in the house，he was so busy with his research that he felt lonely.A）all but B）nothing butC）something but D）anything but6.The introduction of modern technique from abroad makes it necessary for skilled workers tounskilled workers.A）take place B）take overC）take down D）take the place of7.so few people in the street was unusual.A）For there to be B）As there to beC）For there being D）As there being8.There are signs Internet are becoming more and more popular with teenagers.A）that B）whoseC）what D）which，9.Bob had been on a meadow sprinkled with dandelion for a long time before he sat up. A）laid B）lyingC）lain D）laying10.Jill would rather that his girl friend in the same department as he does.A）studied B）should studyC）study D）had studied11.She had no objection to the airplane ticket which would send her to Geneva.A）to take B）taking C）of taking D）to taking12.I’m the impression that you’ve told me about it.A）into B）onC）of D）under13.In the summer holidays，they have a plan to go to movies at weekly .A）intervals B）basesC）gaps D）times14.I have decided to my smoking.A）cut up B）cut offC）cut across D）cut down15.Many of the imported planes have been lying for years because of the restrictions on the foreign spare parts.A）idle B）vacant C）empty D）hollow16.Electrical are（is）used to free people from the heavy housework.A）equipment B）facilitiesC）appliances D）apparatus17.The rain came on time and would certainly ease the feat the people of inland.A）to face B）face C）facing D）faces18.They bought a Yamaha piano at the price of 10，000 yuan. They liked it so much that they would have paid for it.A）twice as much B）as much twiceC）as twice much D）much as twice19.It was not until she had come downstairs remembered the keys were not with her.A）she B）when she C）that she D）and see20.Mike is very happy. His mark in the English examination is higher than in the classA）anyone’s B）anyone elseC）anyone else’s D）anyone’s else21.The first prize goes to makes the greatest contribution to the company.A）whomever B）whicheverC）no matter who D）whoever22.Society is a building，to the construction of every member brings a brick.A）that B）which C）it D）this23.The applicant filled in the form，but he didn’t know which office room .A）to send it to B）to be sent to C）to have it sent to D）to sent it24.Young he was，he was trusted with an important task.A）because B）althoughC）as D）since25.Tom broke the glass of the neighbor’s window. I’ll that he will not do it again.A）hope for B ）be sure C）see to it D）make it so26.T he new cars of the Volkswagon Company are now being at the rate of 1，000 every week.A）turned out B）turned downC）turned up D）turned on27.It was urgent that he her immediately.A）calls B）calledC）call D）would call28.I don’t going to the movie.A）feel for B）feel likeC）feel out D）feel29.The meeting drew to a late in the afternoon.A）near B）close C）point D）tail30.John regretted to the meeting last week.A）not going B）not go to C）not having been going D）not to be going91.I like reading (鲁迅的)works.92.(上海的街道) are not as wide as (北京的).93.The teacher has read (珍妮和汤姆的) compositions.94.The radio is (迈克和约翰的).95.The woman showed (母爱) for the little girl.96.My mother works at (一家药房).97.I like (他鞋子的颜色).98.We must get to (小ft脚下) before noon.99.Tonight I will have dinner at (我叔叔家).100.Tomorrow the newsman will visit (格林家).1.Her father works as a in a hotel and her mother a in a private company.A.cooker, typewriterB. cook, typistC. cooker, typistD. cook, typewriter2."Why couldn't they meet us at five o'clock?" "Because they were delayed by ."A.heavy trafficB. heavy trafficsC. crowded trafficD. crowded trafficsShe is not a competent driver and can't cope with driving in .A. heavy trafficB. heavy trafficsC. crowded trafficD. crowded traffics3.By all , you must try every to help him.A.mean, meanB. means, meansC. means, meanD. mean, meansIs [Are] there any other means of getting more money?4.Jim is person, and everyone is willing to be with him.A.so kind a, friendsB. so a kind, friendsC. so kind a, friendD. so a kind, friend5.She raised her finger to her lips as for silence.A.an ideaB. a markC. a signD. a word(1)Those black clouds are a sure that it's going to rain.A. thingB. markC. signD. one(2)Just as a famous Chinese saying goes, a timely heavy snow is a of good harvest next year.A. markB. trackC. signD. appearanceThe lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a(n) of courage and power.A. exampleB. signC. mark so-tab-count;D. symbol6."May I take your order now?" "We'd like three black and two green."A.coffee, cupsB. coffees, teasC. cups of coffee, teaD. cup of coffees, teas1.Although she wrote a lot of short stories and poems when she was very young, she was twenty��five.A.her first real success did not come untilB.her real first success came until not��C.since her first real success did not come untilD.not until her first real success2.You should know better than your little sister at home by herself.A.to leaveB. leavingC. to have leftD. left3.As the train will not leave until one hour later, we grab a bite at the snack bar.A.may wellB. just as well ��C. might as wellD. as well4.She resorted to when she had no money to buy foods for her children.A.have stolenB. stealC. stoleD. stealing5.The boy has admitted to the window while playing football yesterday.A.breakingB. having been broken ��C. breakD. be breaking1.It was requested that all of the equipment in the agreed time.A.erectedB. would be erected ?C. be erectedD. will be erected2.The man sitting opposite me smiled dreamily, as if something pleasant in the past.A.to rememberB. remembered?C. having been rememberedD. remembering3.I him the Christmas gift by mail because he came home during the Christmas holidays.A.ought to have sentB. couldn’t have sent ?C. must have sentD. needn’t have sent4.It turned out that the children were not for the accident.A.to blameB. to be blamed?C. to be blamingD. to have been blamed5.The desegregation was achieved through a number of struggles, been mentioned in previous chapters.A.a few of whichB. a few of them ?C. a few of thoseD. a few of that6.Setting up a committee might be a way the project more efficiently.A.to be doingB. doingC. to doD. being done7.It to see so many children in that mountainous area cannot even afford elementary education.A.p ains herB. makes her pain?C. is painingD. is pained8.Our boss, Mr. Thompson, a raise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.A.w as promisingB. has been promising?C. promisedD. has promised9.He was determined to sail around the world his illness and old age.A.givenB. althoughC. despiteD. in spite10.The board deemed it’s urgent that these invitations first thing tomorrow morning.A.had to be put in the mail ?B. must be put in the mailC. be put in the mail?D. should have been put in the mail11.drills that have no real topic have to remainas they are.A.ManufactureB. Manipulative?C. ManipulateD.Manifest12.This book has been in the works so long that I have lost of most of the sources found for me by the staff of the library.A.traceB. trailC. trackD. touch13.The elbows on your coat have worn thin, so I must them.A.mendB. patchC. repairD. pitch14.and wage increases have not kept in step.A.ProductionB. Product?C. ProduceD. Productivity15.People under stress have performed feats of strength, like lifting an automobile off an accident victim.A.specificB. extraordinaryC. abruptD. abnormal16.Modern appliances us from a good deal of household work.For instance, the dryer frees us from hanging the laundry.A.escape B . benefit C. liberate D. comfort17.The audience waited in silence while their aged speaker searched among his note for the figures he could not remember.A.respectiveB. respectC. respectfulD. respectable18.The disappearance of her paper has never been .A.counted forB. looked up ?C.accounted forD. checked up19.When he was asked about the missing briefcase, the man ever seeing it.A.refusedB. deniedC. opposedD. resistedmunication between a young couple is a(n) business.A.sharpB. dreadfulC. intenseD. delicate21.After so many weeks without rain, the ground quickly the little rain that fell last night.A. skippedB. soakedC. retrievedD. absorbed22.We’ll you as soon as we have any further information.A.notifyB. signify?C. communicateD. impart23.The fox fell into the the hunters had set forit.A.bushB. trapC. trickD. circle24.I don’t know you want to keep the letter. I’ve it up.A.tornB. givenC. brokenD. disposed25.The old lady and fell from the top of the stairs to the bottom.A.slidedB. slippedC. splitD. spilled1.Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always with other elements, most commonly with oxygen.A.being combinedB. having combined ?C. to combineD. combined2.Physics is the present?day equivalent of used to be called natural philosophy, frommost of present day science arose.A.which, whatB. that, whichC. what, whichD. what, that3.On no account ever leave the baby at home alone.A.should youB. you shouldC. shall youD. you shall4.the center of our planetary system was considered as heresy by the church in the Middle Ages.A.It is the sun and not the earth ?B. That the sun and not the earthC. Being the sun and not the earth ?D. The sun and not the earth5.The reason that his property was confiscated by the country, it , was that he was involved in a lot of fraudulent activities during the war.A.was turned outB. was being turned out?C. being turned outD. turned out6.I’d rather you by train because the weather forecast said there would be heavy snow tomorrow.A.wentB. should goC. will goD. go7.Einstein won the Nobel Prize in 1921 and enjoyed great fame in Germany until the rise of Nazism ? he was expelled from Germany because he was a Jew.A.whenB. whoC. thenD. which8.Nowhere but in the remotest region of the country find a place to settle down.A.can heB. he canC. heD. for him to9.With one leg broken in that car accident, he cannot even walk, run.A.let aloneB. that’s to say ?C. not to speakD. not to mention10. , she led a life of complete seclusion.A. Being disgracedB. DisgracedC. DisgracingD. She was disgraced11.Sometimes a bus gets on the bus to check the tickets.A.agentB. officerC. conductorD. inspector12.He made a quick from his illness.A.reliefB. recoveryC. survivalD. relaxation13.the stress of examinations are over, we can all relax.A.WhileB. Even thoughC. Now thatD. For14.My cousin Nancy is often in a poisonous mood; I suppose it’s because she is child.A.oneB. a loneC. a singleD. an only15.the factors already referred to, people sometimes feel insecure because their motives are misunderstood by others.A.But forB. Except forC. Apart fromD. Except that16.If the scheme is carried out without waste of time or energy I shall be completely satisfied.A.relativelyB. noticeably ?C. appropriatelyD. efficiently17.One day we all may find it useful to have a(n) for sending documents, writing any pictures across the telephone lines.A.receiverB. echoC. extensionD. facility18.To their credit the Department of Energy these ideas and funded a detailed study.A.took overB. took onC. took upD. took to19.Feeling that she was in the right, she took at the dirty remark.A.protectionB. offenseC. defenseD. guard20.They agreed to share in common any of funds after all expenses were paid in full.A.sufficiencyB. surpassC. excessD. surplus21.He was her in intelligence.A.belowB. underC. beneathD. down22.It took a lot of imagination to come up with such an plan.A.brightB. cleverC. brilliantD. ingenious23.In the refining process, rice and flour lose much of their .A.acidB. alcoholC. vitaminD. sulphur24.Individual lines of the poem were very beautiful, but I didn’ t see how the lines fit together. To me, the poem wasn’t .A. inherentB. coherentC. logicalD. corporate25.To an especially sensitive child, a simple scolding can be a experience.A.hystericalB. grievousC. graciousD. sensible1.All of the plants now farmed on a large scale were developed from plants wild.A.that once growB. once they grow?C. they once grewD. once grew2.By the time you graduate, we in Australia for one year.A.will be stayingB. will have stayed ?C. would have stayedD. have stayed3.He appreciated the chance to deliver his thesis in the annual symposium onComparative Literature.A.having givenB. to have been given?C. to have givenD. having been given4.The government official can hardly find sufficient grounds his arguments in favor of the revision of the tax law.A.on which to baseB. which to be based onC. to base on whichD. on which to be based5.Living in the desert involves a lot of problems, ? ? water shortage is the worst. A. not to mention B. of which? C. let alone D. for what6.Hydrogen is one of the most important element in the universe it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced.A.s o thatB. but thatC. provided thatD. in that7.Just as relaxation is an important part of our lives, stress.A.s o isB. as it isC. and so isD. the same is8.Victor took a bus and headed for home, if his wife would have him back.A.not to knowB. not known ?C. not knowingD. not having known9.We can make an exception .A.in any case of JohnB. in case of John ?C. in case of John’sD. in the case of John10.When the Cultural Revolution was launched in China, his father college.A.attendedB. had been attending?C. was attendingD. has been attending11.My cat is a fussy eater, but my dog is so that she’ll swallow down anything that is put in front of her.A.indiscriminateB. choosy ?C. indefiniteD. picky12.“ This house is more than the federal government!” Mac complained to his parents. “You have rules for everything.”A. systematicB. democraticC. bureaucraticD. public13.The American people’s of being polite is different from that held here in China.A.mindB. concept?C. considerationD. thought14.Well, that is probably all I can say about sports. Next time I’ll take up the topic of some other activities.A.refreshmentB. entertainment ?C. pleasureD. leisure15.Where there is an earthquake, energy is in one area along a crack in the earth crust.A.repelledB. releasedC. runD. rushed16.The old gardener used to keep all his tools and do it yourself equipment in a in the garden.A.barnB. roomC. hutD. shed17.I’ve got a big coffee on the front of my dress.A.poreB. patchC. stainD. grease18.She broke her leg, but the healed quickly.A.fractureB. injuryC. skeletonD. cavity19.You’d better add them up. I’m not good at .A.figuresB. charactersC. summariesD. counters20.The girl chose some very pretty paper for the present.A.coveringB. wrappingC. packingD.collecting21.The two scholars worked at the task of writing a preface to the new dictionary for three hours ? last night.A.at lengthB. in fullC. on endD. in time22.I can’t read the marks and notes Jim made in the margin. They are too .A.faintB. foggyC. transparentD. misty23.A highly organized system of irrigation is Chinese agriculture.A.typical ofB. consistent with?C. famous forD. subject to24.Jack is very about wines.A.awareB. knowledgeable ?C. learnedD. informed25.As for Ann, I am not sure about her in Italian.A.fluencyB. clarityC. coherenceD. excellency41.She did her work her manager had instructed.A.asB. untilC. whenD. though42.of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.A.NoneB. BothC. NeitherD. All43.For some time now, world leaders out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.A.had been pointingB. have been pointingC. were pointingD. pointed44.Have you ever been in a situation you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?A.by whichB. thatC. in whereD. where45.We’ve just installed two air-conditions in out apartment, should make great differences in our life next summer.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. they46.AID is said the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region.A.being b. to be C. to have been D. having been47.She managed to save she could out of her wages to help her brother.A.how little moneyB. so little moneyC. such little moneyD. what little money48.Fool Jane is, she could not have done such a thing.A.whoB. asC. thatD. like49.The experiment requires more money than .A.have been put inB. being put inC. has been put inD. to be put in50.for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.A.Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not51.“ What courses are you going to do next semester?”“ I don’t know. But its about time on something.”A.I’d decideB. I decidedC. I decideD. I’m deciding52.The police have offered a large for information leading to the robbers arrest.A.awardB. compensationC. prizeD. reward53.I arrives at the airport so late that I missed the plane.A.onlyB. quiteC. narrowlyD. seldom54.The popularity of the film shows that the reviewers’ fears were completelyA.unjustifiedB. unjustC. misguidedD. unaccepted55.The head of the Museum was and let us actually examine the ancient manuscripts.A.promisingB. agreeingC. pleasingD. obliging56.The multinational corporation was making a take-over for a property company.A.applicationB. bidC. proposalD. suggestion57.The party’s reduced vote was of lack of support for its policies.A.indicativeB. positiveC. revealingD. evident58.There has been a lack of communication between the union and the management.A.regretfulB. regrettableC. regrettingD. regretted59.The teacher expects his students to pass the university entrance examinationA.confidentlyB. proudlyC. assuredlyD. confidently60.The family in Chinese cities now spends more money on housing than before.A.normalB. averageC. usualD. general61.The new colleague to have worked in several big corporations before he joined our company.A. confessB. declaresC. claimsD. confirms62.During the reading lesson, the teacher asked students to read a few from the novel.A.piecesB. essaysC. fragmentsD. extracts63.During the summer holiday season it is difficult to find a(n) room in the hotels here.A.emptyB. vacantC. freeD. deserted64.The old couple will never the loss of their son.A.get overB. get awayC. get offD. get across65.Scientific research results can now be quickly to factory production.edB. appliedC. triedD. practiced。

人教,版,七年级,上册,英语,Unit1,词汇,与,语法,一、必背词汇name /neim/ n. 名字；名称nice /nais/ adj. 令人愉快的；宜人的to /tu:/ 常用于原形动词之前，该动词为不定式meet /mi:t/ v. 遇见；相逢too /tu:/ adv. 也；又；太your /jɔ:/ pron. 你的；你们的Ms. /miz/ (于女子的姓名前，不指明婚否)女士his /hiz/ pron. 他的an d /ænd/ conj. 和；又；而her /hə:/ pron, 她的yes /jes/ interj. 是的；可以she /ʃi:/ pron. 她he /hi:/ pron. 他no /nəu/ interj. 不；没有；不是not /nɔt/ adv. 不；没有zero /'ziərəu/ num. 零telephone /'telifəun/ n. 电话；电话机number /'nʌmbə/ n.号码；数字phone /fəun/ n. 电话；电话机telephone/phone number 电话号码first /fə:st/ adj.第一first name 名字last /la:st/ adj. 最后的；末尾的last name 姓friend /frend/ n. 朋友China /'tʃainə/ 中国middle /'midl/ adj. 中间的；中间school /sku:l/ n. 学校middle school 中学；初中二、重点词汇1. nice adjective /naɪs/1). pleasant, enjoyable, or satisfactory 愉快的；美好的；满意的例句：Did you have a nice trip? 你假期过得愉快吗？Have a nice day/time! 祝你度过愉快的一天／过得愉快！2). kind, friendly, or polite 好心的；友善的；有礼貌的例句：I wish you'd be nice to your brother. 我希望你会好好对待你弟弟。

教师辅导讲义A. deputyB. ambassadorC. representativeD. envoy13.There will be a new fleet of 11 frigates and air-warfare destroyers, equipped, like the submarines, with _______missiles.A. voyageB. cruiseC. journeyD. excursion14.I think no more significant _______ has Apollo made to history.A. effortB. attemptC. contributionD. propagation15.I accepted without_______ what he had said as true.A. reservesB. restrictionC. reservationD. definition16.As it was her first_______for stealing, she was given a less severe sentence.A. judgmentB. imprisonmentC. convictionD. penalty17.They did a_______ performance on the first night to raise money for AIDS research.A. allowanceB. compensationC. subsidyD. charity18.A new study shows that another treatment may have better results for patients who were not helped by drug _______.A. therapyB. cureC. remedyD. recipe19.Knowledge of languages is a real _______ in this sort of work.A. assetB. helpC. benefactorD. partnercation was placed firmly on the political_______ in the Prime Minister's weekend speech.A. shiftB. catalogueC. repertoireD. agenda21.People over the age of 85 make up the fastest-growing population _______.A. segmentB. pieceC. portionD. fragment22.Evidence suggested that the AIDS _______ was spreading very quickly among the heterosexual community.A. bacteriaB. organismC. fungusD. virus23.There are three _______ of accommodation —standard, executive and deluxe.A. hierarchyB. cataloguesC. categoriesD. species24.Can any actor in this sorry drama do anything to improve the _______?A. outlineB. sketchC. scriptD. draft25.This tennis tournament is open to both _______ and professionals.A. amateursB. laymenC. fencersD. boxers26.The bomb killed four soldiers and three _______.A. citizensB. populaceC. civiliansD. commonplaces27.It's her feeling that the recent outbreaks of violence are a _______of the dissatisfaction that is currently affecting our society.A. symptomB. omenC. warningD. prospect28.Life is a _______to him who thinks and a tragedy to him who feels.A. comedyB. remedyC. melodyD. tragedy29.On the back of the book there is a brief biographical _______ of the author.A. sketchB. cartoonC. cartonD. caption30.What you have just said is not in _______with what you told us yesterday.A. favorB. stepC. allianceD. accord答案与解析：1.B。

英语词汇语法归纳英语词汇与语法归纳英语词汇和语法是学习英语的基础，它们相互依存，共同构建了我们对英语的理解和应用能力。

在本文中，我将对英语词汇和语法进行归纳总结，帮助读者更好地掌握和运用英语。

一、英语词汇归纳1. 名词（Noun）名词是表示人、事、物、地点、抽象概念等的词，它通常可以单数和复数形式。

名词的形式变化有时根据规则进行，有时则需要记忆。

- 单数形式：book（书）、cat（猫）- 复数形式：books（书籍）、cats（猫咪）2. 动词（Verb）动词是表示动作、状态或存在的词。

英语动词有时态和语态的变化，也有不规则动词需要单独记忆。

- 时态变化：play（玩）→ played（玩过）→ will play（将要玩）- 语态变化：write（写）→ is written（被写）3. 形容词（Adjective）形容词是用来描述名词特征或性质的词，它可以放在名词前或后。

- 放在名词前：a beautiful girl（一个漂亮的女孩）- 放在名词后：the girl is beautiful（这个女孩很漂亮）4. 副词（Adverb）副词是用来修饰动词、形容词和其他副词的词，表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。

- 修饰动词：He speaks English fluently（他英语说得很流利）- 修饰形容词：She is extremely beautiful（她非常漂亮）5. 介词（Preposition）介词用于表示位置、方向、时间、方法等关系。

在句子中通常与其他词搭配使用。

- 位置关系：in the box（在盒子里）- 方向关系：go to school（去学校）- 时间关系：at 5 o'clock（在五点）二、英语语法归纳1. 时态（Tense）英语时态用来表示动作发生的时间。

常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。

- 一般现在时：I play football every day（我每天踢足球）- 一般过去时：I played football yesterday（昨天我踢了足球）- 一般将来时：I will play football tomorrow（明天我将踢足球）2. 语态（Voice）英语语态用来表示句子中动作的主动与被动关系。

NECCS词汇与语法专项练习（一）1.He was made______the woman______breaking the window.A.to apologize to;forB.to be apologizing to; forC.apologizing for;toD.apologize for;for解析：Abe made to do，被迫做某事、被要求做某事，是make sb do sth 的被动式。

------------------------2.There was plenty of time.He______.A.mustn’t have hurriedB.couldn’t have hurriedC.must not hurryD.needn’t have hurried解析：Dneedn’t have hurried.表示：本不必匆忙①needn't = need not. 这里的need是情态动词。

表示“没必要做……”，一般用作对用must提问的疑问句的否定中。

比如说：Must I clean the room?我必须清扫房间吗？No, you needn't.不，你不必。

②need“不必做”和“本不该做"”didn't need to do表示：过去不必做某事，事实上也没做。

needn't have done表示：过去不必做某事，但事实上做了。

------------------------3.Do you think the bad weather will______?I______.A.go on;don’t hope soB.keep up;hope notC.take up;don’t think soD.keep on;think not解析：Bkeep up与baikeep on的区别：①后面接的词性不一样：keep on后面接动名词；keep up后面接名词②意思不一样keep up: 保持,继续,维持；keep on: 继续进行(接连,反复,继续)③都指保持时，保持的连续性不同keep on 是中间间断后又继续做；例句：Should i just keep on chasing pavements ?或者坚持这条路？keep up 是一直继续做例句：I keep up correspondence with my college friends.我一直跟我大学时代的朋友通信。