定语从句+名词性从+虚拟语气
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1. 通过本课的学习,能够全面掌握名词性从句中虚拟语气的基本用法。
2. 通过本课的学习,能够初步了解虚拟语气在不同类型名词性从句中的具体用法。
重点:掌握与坚持、命令、建议、要求四类词相关名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法。
难点:wish宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法。
近几年高考对于虚拟语气的考查主要集中在语法填空和书面表达中,语法填空涉及动词提示词的填空中多次出现对虚拟语气的考查,考查难度不大。
一、主语从句中的虚拟语气:1. It is/was + 形容词+ that从句当形容词为important, necessary,strange,natural,appropriate, proper, right, desirable, essential, surprising, unthinkable等或名词短语a good idea时。
2. It is/was + a pity / a shame / a surprise / no wonder + that从句3. It is demanded / suggested / ordered / required / ….that-clause注意:这种主语从句由连词that引导,虚拟语气为“(should)动词原形”。
其中should可省略。
should 常译成“应该、必须、竟然”。
It is important and necessary that we (should) master a foreign language.精通一门外语对我们来说是重要而且必要的。
It is proper that an independent inquiry (should) take place.进行独立调查很合适。
It is strange that he (should) refuse your help.他竟然拒绝你的帮助真是奇怪。
It is surprising that you (should) not understand me!你竟然不理解我,真令人吃惊!It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.你竟然错过一个好机会真是遗憾。
名词性从句知识点在英语语法中,名词性从句是一个重要且复杂的部分。
它在句子中起着名词的作用,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
接下来,让我们逐一深入了解。
一、主语从句主语从句即在句子中充当主语的从句。
例如,“What he said is true”(他说的是真的。
)在这个句子中,“What he said”就是主语从句。
引导主语从句的连接词主要有三类:1、从属连词:that、whetherThat he will come is certain (他会来是肯定的。
)这里的“that”在从句中不充当成分,只起引导作用。
Whether she will go there is not decided (她是否会去那里还没决定。
)“whether”表示“是否”。
2、连接代词:what、who、which、whose、whatever、whichever、whoever 等What you need is more practice (你需要的是更多的练习。
)“what”在从句中充当宾语。
3、连接副词:when、where、why、how 等When the meeting will be held has not been announced (会议何时举行还未宣布。
)需要注意的是,主语从句后置时,常用 it 作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句放在后面。
例如:It is unknown whether he will come (他是否会来还不知道。
)二、宾语从句宾语从句在句中充当宾语。
比如,“I know that he is a student”(我知道他是个学生。
)“that he is a student”就是宾语从句。
引导宾语从句的连接词与主语从句类似:1、从属连词:that(在口语或非正式文体中常省略)、whether、ifHe said (that) he was busyI wonder if/whether he will come2、连接代词:what、who、which、whose、whatever、whichever、whoever 等She asked me what I was doing3、连接副词:when、where、why、how 等Could you tell me how I can get there?宾语从句的时态要根据主句的时态来变化。
英语虚拟语气在从句中的用法及其表达方式摘要虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、建议、猜测、可能或纯粹的空想等。
虚拟语气在英语中有多种表达方式,可以用于不同类型的从句中,如条件从句、名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句等。
本文将介绍虚拟语气在从句中的基本用法和常见句型,并给出相应的例句。
一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件从句是由连词if或其他连词引导的表示条件或假设的从句。
条件从句可以分为四种类型,分别对应不同的虚拟语气形式:类型条件从句主句含义例句真实条件if + 一般现在时一般将来时/情态动词+动词原形表示可能发生或实现的情况If it rains tomorrow, we willstay at home.与现在事实相反if + 一般过去时/过去进行时would/could/might/should+动词原形表示与现在事实相反或不可能实现的假设If I were you, I would studyharder.与过去事实相反if + 过去完成时/过去完成进行时would/could/might/should+have+过去分词表示与过去事实相反或无法改变的假设If he had studied harder, hewould have passed theexam.与将来事实相反if + should/were to+动词原形/一般过去时would/could/might/should+动词原形表示对将来不太可能发生或实现的假设If I should win the lottery, Iwould travel around theworld.二、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法名词性从句是指在句子中充当名词功能的从句,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句中可以使用虚拟语气来表示说话人的愿望、建议、命令、要求等。
1. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法宾语从句是指在复合句中作主要成分动词或介词的宾语的从句。
定语从句和名词性从句定语从句定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有:when, where, why等。
关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2)Whose用来指人或物(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在句中作宾语)The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。
高一英语名词性从句讲解在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目,在历年的高考中几乎都涉与到,并且每年的命题各有变化。
分析历届高考试题名词性从句考察的焦点主要有以下六个方面1. 考察名词性从句的语序问题2. 考察引导词that与what的区别3. 考察it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法4. 考察whether与if的区别5. 考察名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6. 考察名词性从句的虚拟语气问题语法要点剖析一、名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句,在整个句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名词。
因此,这四种从句通称为名词性从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词:that, whether, if 〔不充当从句的任何成分〕连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词:when, where, how, why1. 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由附属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever以与连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。
that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保存自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。
例如:What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
高考从句所有知识点在语法学中,从句是一个重要的概念,也是高考英语考试中的必考内容。
了解并熟练运用从句的知识点将有助于我们在考试中取得更好的成绩。
本文将介绍高考英语考试中常见的从句类型以及相关的知识点。
1. 名词性从句名词性从句可以在一个句子中充当主语、宾语、表语或补足语等,并且引导词有:that、whether、who、whom、what、which、whoever、whomever、whatever、whichever等。
例如:- We all know that honesty is the best policy.(主语从句)- He asked me whether I would go with him.(宾语从句)- My question is who will take care of the plants when I'm away.(表语从句)- It is important that you come to the meeting tomorrow.(主语从句)2. 定语从句定语从句用来修饰一个名词或代词,一般由关系代词who、whom、whose、which、that或关系副词when、where、why引导。
例如:- The girl who is playing the piano is my sister.(修饰名词)- The book that you borrowed from me is on the desk.(修饰名词)- I still remember the day when we first met.(修饰名词)- The reason why he didn't come to the party is still unknown.(修饰名词)3. 状语从句状语从句用来修饰一个动词、形容词或副词,并且主要由连词引导,包括时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句等等。
高考英语应用文句式写作指导一、倒装句(1)结构never will I give up my dream.only after I finished a whole day’s picking work did I realize the hardship of farmers.总体结构:标志词(+标志词修饰的成分)+一般疑问句(+其他)(2)部分倒装的使用场景和写法第一步:标志词+修饰成分放句首第二步:主句改一般疑问句语序第三步:整合【使用场景1】因果关系[标志词]so/such...that如此...以至于我的老师给了我很多帮助,我永远都不会忘记她。
音乐节在我们学校很受欢迎,很多同学都会参加我非常了解中国画,可以给访客们介绍相关知识和绘画技巧。
在高中的第一年,英语对我来说太有挑战性了,我几乎要放弃。
【使用场景2】前提[标志词]onlyonly+副词:only then,only nowonly+介词短语:only in this way,only by working together,only with your help only+状语从句:only when,only if,only after只有做好充分的准备,我们才能赢得这次比赛通过这种方式,你才能彻底了解父母对你的爱完成一天的采摘工作后,我才理解了农民的辛苦【使用场景3】表达否定[标志词]never/seldom/little/in no way/by no means/on no account/under no circumstance/at no time等去中国朋友家里做客绝不应该迟到我们永远不会忘记你给我们的慷慨帮助你的妈妈永远不会伤害你【使用场景4】并列关系[标志词]not only...but also她不仅教给我们有用的知识,还给予我们及时的精神鼓励这些活动中,我们不仅能收获友谊,还能缓解身心压力在体育运动中,我们不仅可以提升身体素质,还可以培养团队精神在常规训练中,我们不仅要锻炼个人能力,还要增强团队合作我不仅可以帮忙组织活动,还可以现场展示中国画绘画技巧【使用场景5】前提[标志词]not...until...直到...才...直到我跑完全程,我才理解了坚持的重要性直到你离开学校,你才能真正感觉到学校生活的价值直到完成了所有的工作,我才理解了父母的辛苦【使用场景6】表达感谢/道歉/建议/感悟等[标志词]were/had(if虚拟条件句)如果我是你,我会和她面对面坦诚沟通一次如果不是因为你耐心的指导,我无法克服困难,树立信心。
名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses)。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
定语从句定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
状语从句分为时间状语从句,结果状语从句,让步状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。
名词从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句及there be 句型名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词按其在从句中所起的作用分为:1)连接代词:who(-ever), what(-ever), which(-ever), whom(-ever), whose2)连接副词:when, where, why, how3)连接词:that, whether, if连接代词和连接副词在从句中充当一定的句子成分,而连接词在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。
1.主语从句在主句中充当主语的从句叫主语从句,它位于主句的谓语动词之前。
但实际使用中常用it作形式主语,而把主语从句移到主句之后。
例如:Who will go makes no difference.It makes no difference who will go.That she was able to come made us very happy.It made us happy that she was able to come.注意:由what, whoever, whatever, whichever引导的主语从句一般不后置。
2.表语从句位于主句中系动词之后,在主句中充当表语的从句叫表语从句。
例如:One advantage of living in the country is that one can get close to nature.His mother was ill and he had to look after her. That was why he was late.表语从句常见于be动词之后,有时见于look之后;引导表语从句的连接词除前面所列的常用词之外,还可由because, as if/though引出。
定语从句+名词性从句+虚拟语气
1. 【2013·陕西卷16】is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
A. It
B. That
C. What
D. As
2. 【2013·江苏32】The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.
A.where B.which C.what D.when
3. 【2013·福建卷27】The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ________ lives were affected.
A. whose
B. that
C. who
D. which
4. 【2013·课标全国卷Ⅱ4 】When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _______ I would be staying.
A. what
B. when
C. where
D. which
5. 【2013陕西20.】It remains to be seen the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. whether
6. 【2013浙江16.】The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ______ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
A. how
B. that
C. which
D. whether
7. 【2013重庆28.】struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son.
A. That
B. It
C. What
D. Which
8. 【2012重庆34】Evidence has been found through years of st udy______ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.
A. why
B. how
C. whether
D. that
9. 【2012江西25】It suddenly occurred to him ___ he had left his keys in the office.
A. whether
B. where
C. which
D. that
10. 【2013安徽28.】I to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available
A. went
B. had gone
C. would go
D. would have gone
11. But for the storm, we __________ a pleasant journey, but had to turn back halfway.
A.would have B.would have had C.will have D.had
12. Mary failed the driving test again.If she ______ harder, she ______ the test easily.
A.practiced; would pass B.had practiced; would pass
C.had practiced; would have passed D.should practice; should have passed
13. The missing children haven’t been found yet. Something terrible ________ to them.
A. may happen
B. should have happened
C. must happen
D. might have happened
14. To tell the truth, I would rather that I ____ the pain instead of you. You don’t know how worried I was.
A. took
B. had taken
C. have taken
D. should have taken
15. I promise that you receive all the money that is owed to you.
A. should
B.must
C. shall
D. can
16. Only when he apologizes for his rudeness ____to him again.
A. I will speak.
B. will I speak.
C. do I speak.
D. I speak
17. 【2013湖南卷35.】Not once ________ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class. A.occurred it B.it did occur C.it occurred D.did it occur
18. 【2013天津卷11.】It was not until near the end of the letter ______ she mentioned her own plan.
A. that
B. where
C. why
D. when
19.【22013全国卷Ⅱ3.】I was glad to meet Jenny again, ______ I didn't want to spend all day with her.
A. but
B. and
C.so
D. or
20. 【2013北京卷23.】The famous musician, as well as his students, ____ to perform at the opening ceremony of
the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.
A. were invited
B. was invited
C. have been invited
D. has been invited。