恋练有词 词汇

unit 01statestatute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation statusassertaffirmpublic publication republican publicity publicized publiclyin public masscivillawclawlawfullawsuitflawLawyer legislation meanmeaningwell-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhileby means ofby no means indicateimplicationinfluenceinfluentialimpactlivealivedeliverdeliveryoutlivelivelinesslivelihoodlive offdwellresidesurvivesurvivalinhabitsettlefederalfederationFBICIAlargelargelyenlargeat largebulkyoutsizehugemarkmarketmarketplacemarkedmarketerremarkremarkablelandmarkblotspotstainsymbolsystemsystematicsystematicallyregimeorganizationstructurestressstressed-outhighlightemphasizestrainunit 02peergaze atstare atglare atcontemporaryissuetissueclaimproclaimdisclaimacclaimlay claim toallegecontendpatentintellectualpropertycourtcourteousLinehardlineunderlinedeclineonlineofflinecoastlinedeadlineinclinebaselineairlineoutlinelineagepipelineguidelinein line with seriesrowboundaryboundroutesuccession processionvalueovervalue devaluedworthsignificanceviewInterviewviewerreviewreviewer worldviewin view ofin viewon viewtake sth. in view = take sth. into account perspective individual individually collective economic uneconomic economics economically socioeconomicfiscal cliffIMFfinancialfiscalmonetarycreatecreaturecreativerecreatecreativitycreationcreationismcreationistprocreationlegalillegallawfullegitimateofficialconsiderconsiderationreconsiderconsiderableconsideringconsider···asunit 03subjectsubjectivebe subject toleadleadershipmisleadleaderpleadleadinglead onlead someone onlead up totake the leadintendintend to do =intend doing sth.sectoraccountaccountantaccount fortake into accountleave sth. out ofaccounton account ofdescriptionexplanationconsumerconsumptionconsumingconsumerismclientenvironmentenvironmentalenvironmentallyenvironmentalistsurroundingsatmospheresituationessayarticlematteras a matter offactsubstancestuffmaterialfundfundamentalfundamentallynonfundamentalistunderfundholdhouseholdholderwithhold shareholder shareholding stockholder stakeholderhold backhold onhold upclingwithstandseizefunctionfunctionalworkemployevidenceevidentproofconfirmation practicein practice performNotedenotenoteworthytake/make notes unit 04degreeagreementGreekconcernconcerned unconcerned concern oneself withas/so far as···be allow shallowallow forproductproductionproductiveproductivityinventionlevellow-levellevel offon the leveldo one’s level bestefforteffortlessinferinferiorityinferiorinferencededuceconcludeprofessionalprofessionalizeprofessionalizationprofessionalismprovideprovidedproviderprovisionofferchallengeunchallengedunit 05dealidealdealingdealershipdeal witha great deal ofcontractstructurerestructuringstructuralinfrastructurecontentcontentiondiscontentself-contentedimmigrantimmigrationemigratecomprehensioncomprehensionbeyond one’scomprehensionpotentialpossiblemassmassivemassarcebiomassrallycomparecomparablecomparisoncomparativecomparativelycompare withcompare tocontrastfeatureinvolveinvolvementrevolveevolveinvalid engage occupysegment section fractionaccess accessible access road cover coverage discover cloakreveal uncover unveil display disclose analysis anatomyprobeunit 06identify identity identity with recognizetitleentitle entitlement subtitle doubtdoubter undoubtedly doubtfulin doubtin no doubtphysical physicsgeophysicalphysicianmaterialbodilyintroduceintroductorylaunchinitiatefigurefigure outconductsemiconductorconductiveconductorbehaviorsteertelltellerintellectintellectualintellectualismintelligentintelligentlyintelligencesatelliteinformnotifylackblackenedslackslackenavailablebe available toobtainableaccessibleemergeemergenceemergencyemerge fromsurfaceoriginateappearexpresspressexpressionimpressimpressiveunimpressivedepressdepressiondepressantcompresspressingoppresspress forstateconveyconsequencein consequenceoutcomecontributecontributingcontributioncontribute tolead togive rise toexecutivecurrentcurvesortresortsort sth. outassortclassifysecuresafeguardshieldthreatmenaceunit 07material materialism materialistic observeobserverabidesurveyestablish establishmentwell-established establish oneself in launchwonderwonderfulno wonder approachaccess tocome up toget close tograntimmigrant take···for granted positionpositiveposture composition opposition proposition dispositionlocatesitebrainbrainstormbrain-drainterm determinedeterminedlyterminateterminallyin terms ofclauseincreasinglyincreasedlaborlaboratorytalentrespectrespectedrespectableindirectlystraightfranklyotherwiseelaboratelaborsavingcollaboratecollaborativelyworkforcemobiledetailcareerquitresignrenouncedepartessentialnecessaryvitalindispensablecoreheadheadachego-aheadheadlineheadwayheadlongheadhunterhead forchiefrespectivelyirrespectivelywithrespect toin respect ofesteemmaintainretainupholdsustainprimaryprimarilyprimeprincipalcentralunit 08relateinterrelatedcorrelatecorrelatedbe correlated withrelate tobondcommunedirectlydirectorydirectivelikewisereflectreflectionunreflectingrelect ondespitein spite ofdisciplinelandmainland landingelementelevateindicateexposeposepurpose proposeimpose composeopposesuppose supposedlybe exposed to be composed of as opposed to be supposed toreligion religioussuffersufferingsuffer sth.= suffer from sth. epidemicaddictpaymenthijackscalecircumstance under thecircumstance=in thecircumstancesthreatenprospectunit 09rejectrejectiondeclinerefusediscardoccuroccurrenceincurhappenarisemeetassemblecongregatepersonalinterpersonalpersonalityimpersonalindividualprivateindeedcertainlydefinitelymanagemanagermanageablemanagementadministerregulatecontrolrecognizeunrecognizedrecognitionobjectobjectionobjectiveobjectivityobjectivenessobject tosth./doing sth.trustdistrustmistrustedtrust fundput trust insb./sth.criticalcriticallyhypocriticalcriticizebe critical ofimmediateimmediatelyinstantletoutletlet outlet aloneadvocateinstanceinstantlyinstantaneouslyfor instancepreservemaintainunit 10conceptconceptionpreconception conceivenotionenhance enhanced chancellor enhancement boostheighten reference parallel unparalleled parachute succeedbe succeeded by conscious consciousness unconscious subconsciousbe conscious of be aware of deliberate spontaneous conservative conservation conserveenergy progressive globalcrisiscriticcriticism muscle muscular presence present representin the presence ofgenegeneticgenealogistgeneratecodeencodemoral coderetailretailerentailupsetupsettingdisturbancepartnerspouseversiondiversionunit 11governgovernmentgovernancegovernment-fundedself-governingbe governed byadministrateconductinterpretinterpretationmisinterpretdefinespecifyproveimproveproverbshowconfirmreturnreturningoverturnin return forindustrialindustryindustrializedindustrializationmeasureopposeopponentbe opposed torepeldenycounterimagineimageimagingimaginaryunimaginableimaginativedreampicturedropdrop bydrop outengageengagementengage inengage withpropertyassetunemploymentemployemployeremployeeemploymentunemployment ratedemonstraterespond responsible responsibility corresponding correspondentin respond toafford unaffordable afford tocomplex complexity perplexing intricate sophisticated ensureassurefavorfavorite favorable unfavorablein favor ofnovelnoveltyrequirement requireunit 12dominate dominant domestic predominance predominantly recruitpriority henceneglectnegativenegotiatebe neglectful ofoweowing torevenuetaxationvotedevotedelectioncampaignballotmiserybe sorrowful ofgriefroutineroutinelycircularbusrouteinevitableunavoidablesolveresolvesolutioncommercecommercializedcommerciale-commercecircuitintegrateintegrationintegrationdisintegrateintegrate withdisorderdistortunit 13highlyextremelyexceedinglynoticeat/on short noticetake notice ofadvertisementdetectobtainobtainablegainderivecharacterizebe characterizedbyportraydepictdeclineon the declinedescenddecreaseformerformformalformulaperformperformerperformanceperformativeformationreformatoryinformedinformativeinformallyconformconformity nonconformist transformation formulate formulation informativeness uninformed misinformation uniformity formidable previousvastvastly devastating effectiveeffect effectiveness effectively ineffectual ineffective efficientjustifytestifyverifyconfirm affirmlieunderlie underlyinglie inlie with sb. puzzle puzzlement puzzledconfusesatisfysatisfied dissatisfied dissatisfaction be satisfied with be dissatisfiedwithfulfillstockstock pricestock marketlaughingstockdebatecontroversydisputeequalequallyequateequalityequivalentfrequentlyfrequentrepeatedlyuniversaluniverseuniversallyuniversityuniversalizeoveralldepriveemotionemotionalsentimenttempermooddispositionmodifymodemodificationreviseamendrecastnetnetworkintranetInternet-basedphilosopherphilosophyphilosophicalpoetrypoetremainsremainremainingbalancewell-balancedcounterbalancelevel offbreak evensteadystabilizeunit 14eliteelitismgradualentrepreneurcolonycolonialcomplycomplicatecomplicatedcontactcontestin contact withhistorianinheritinherentprivilege privileged purchaserandomdescription describe definitionpictureadmitadmissionadoptadoptivecrucialessentialkeysignificant overridingquotequotationciterestore restoration reviverecoverresumeenableempowerpermitendeavorstrive foressayexternal internal agendaflexiblescheduleschedulecellcluecontextexertimpose sth. onoptionoptionalopportunityexceptionpermanentdurabletraitattributefeaturepeculiaritycatercater forcater tocapableunit 15dependentindependentreliantextremeextremelyultimateutmostradicalimplysimplyindicateinferexhibitexhibitionexpose toarrayeventuallypreventfinallyultimatelylabeltagbranddesignatepsychologytypicaltypicallysamplevariousvaryvariedvarietyvaryingvariablevariationfamiliarunfamiliarbe familiar withbe proficient inbe adept atintimateshiftdownshifttransferaltertransformneverthelessthoughradical radicallysufficient adequate affluent abundant ampleextent extension extend extended extensiveto some extentguarantee guaranteed pledgeconvention conventional unconventional expectation expect unexpected expectancy meet the expectation dimacceptanceclotheclothesluremarinenormnumerous numerical orchestraprivacyillusionillustratepursuepursuitinsistinsistenceconsist in/ofpersistpersevereupholdpreviouspreviouslyprimaryprimitivepriorreleasepublishdeliverannounceremindreminderremind sb. oftemporarychronicwhereaselsewherewiseotherwiselikewisewiselyprudentacknowledgeknowledgeknowledgeableannounceannouncementdeclareclaimproclaimcombinecombatcombine withintegratemergeenormousunit 16hostghosthostilehostilityhostagemilitarymilitaryintelligencearmednativealternativealternativelyprocedureworkingprocedurestartingprocedureloadingprocedurerecommendrecommendationcommendmastermasterpiecemasterybe proficient in be adept atbe good atpouroutpouringpour intostrengthen strengthburybury one’s head in the sandcelebrate celebritycropcrowndisaster catastropheorientorientedprevailreignquestrequestquestion unquestioned rearrearingreapspecialize specialize in vulnerable fragilebrittle ambiguousunambiguousobscureopaquevaguepeakparamountsummitclimaxpensionsuspensiongrantsubsidyallowancerageoutragein a ragefuryrecipienteliminateeliminationremotedistantfarawayfartherimmuneimmune toimplementimplementationtrialdoseunit 17expenseexpansioncostoutlayexpendituredesirabledesireadvisablepracticallypracticalitypracticalexperiencerealisticintentionintentionallypurposeintentreasonablereasonreasonablyreasonedlogicaldemocraticdemocracydemocratizedistributedistributiondistributionchannelpromisingprominentcompromiseverbalnonverbalcompetecompetitivecompetentcompetentlyincompetentlycompeteagainst/withrivaldistinguish distinguishedproportion appropriate inappropriatenecessity necessarysupplysupplier supplement emphasis emphasizestresshighlightintenseintensiveunit 18possessassess possession assessmentbearoccupyoccupation preoccupationbe occupied with captureoddodds atodds with peculiar strategy strategictacticapproach schemeplotconspiracyexclusiveinclusiveconfirmfirminfirmconfirm sb. inaffirmassertcertifytestifycorporationcorporateincorporateincorporate withenterprisedramaticdramatizedramaticallyexaggerateexaggeratedaggravateboastmagnifyendureendurancefeeblefeedbackflourishalienattendanceattendantmythmysteryoverlapoverseasoverwhelmperceivepilgrimprestigeindexhithertoimpulseindulgeinquiryleanresidentresistantresistancerevolutionarylatterlatelaterisolatefinalmankindhumankindhumanitycreaturebeingspeciesspanHispanicSpanishsupervise superstitionunit 19winwine windscreen windswingwindfallartificial artistic artificial intelligence falseaudience auditorbiasbiased prejudice crimecriminal discrimination curiositybe curious about/to dispute disputableencounter counterpart profound profoundlyprosperity prosperous render surrender give upyieldenlightenunenlightenedacquaintappriseexplosionblastburstingfadedissolvesinkvanishfoundationlengthlengthenlengthyat lengthstretchpanelpanel discussionpovertypoorpoorlyreluctantreluctantlybe reluctant to dosth.transactionaccompanycompanyaccuracyinaccuracyautoautonomousceasehaltsuspendpauseunit20contendmanipulatemanipulationtake charge of=be in charge ofcouncilthe State Councilenthusiasticenthusiasmenthusiasticallyinflationinflationaryinflatedeflationlikewisemoreoverfurthermoreoutcomeincomespeculatediffuseexplicitexplicitlydefinitefragmentfragmenteda fraction ofhookhorizonlobbyingmeritdemeritpenalty punishment sweeptrivialtrivialityitembe an item disgraceunit 21subtle subsequent boundrebound boundaryaboundbe bound tobe bound up with botherpreyrentcoherentorganize disorganized mobilizearrange perpetual appetizer dessertharmharmfulharmoniousharshpharmaceuticalhurtdamageelectronicelectronicselectronicallyrarerarelyuncommonexceptionaltreatretreatundertreatmentdealhandlevanishdiminishdisappeardividedividedseparatesplitmeremerelysheersimpleinvestinvestorinvestmentinvestigationmanufacturemanufacturingmanufacturerpromptprovokepromptingspurtablecomfortablecharitableacceptabledisputableprofitablestableunacceptablesuitableregrettablerespectableweightoutweighboombaby boomentitletitleentitlementsubtitlebe entitled tonominatedenominateinstituteinstitutioninstitutionalrestrictrestrictionrestrain sb. fromdoing sth.refrain from doingsth.constraincurbprohibitforbidpartialconclusion conclusive inconclusive concluding excludein conclusiondecorate ornamentdiscardget rid of cast off desert abandonunit 22 discourage courage courageous encouragedevilelderlybulkbulbbypasscaloriefacilitatefaintfashionablegratitudeengineering alliancebackwardbaitbanquetconstitutecopyrightcostlydamndeputyunit 23binbindbruisecensuscharterclaritymoanmockobsessionpassionprevalenthedgehypothesisintrudeknitkitrepertoiresenatehandleget rid ofdispose ofcope withmanageaddressmonopolypossessioncontrolstrivestripestrive forunit 24adaptadaptivenessreadmitcontemptcontemptibledensedenselyexhaustforecastmutualmutuallymutual benefitnowherepreferablepreferencereinforceenforcerenewsympathyshow sympathy for in sympathy with excelexcessexcessive excellent excellenceexcel in/atforthset forthback-and-forth and so forth frightening frustratebe frustratedby/withgraininferior inferiority initiativeinitiateinitial instrument instrumentalist mathematical mathematics missionmisscommission emissions-free admission submission commissioner unit 25poisonouspoisoningtoxicprimitivearchaicoriginalhumbleprintingblueprintprintprintoutprinterin printrushgold rushrush throughhustleswitchswitch onswitch offtempertemperamenttonemilestoneflagstonecolorultimateultimatelyeventuallyterminalviolentturbulentfiercewingpartysideworthynoteworthyworth doing sth.deserve sth.worthy ofalcoholanalogyanalogousresemblancesimilarityanticipateanticipationanticipate sb.doing sth.columncommoditygoodsmerchandiseconferconferenceconfer sth. on sb.confer withcounselcounselingattorneycultivatecultivationfostergrowactivatedeemdentistdeteriorateundermineembracehugevaluate evaluation estimateglimpsecatch/get a glimpse ofunit 26plausibleliterally observation outlookprospect physician surgeonretreatretreat from draw back withdrawslippink slipglideevadestablesubstitute substitute··for··tideviaadolescent anonymous authenticchopdisposablechopsticksbangbashcompelobligeexpelImpelbe compelled toconcessionconcede sth. to sb.make a concession/some concessionstocrackcrackedget crackinggapecollapsefloatfondfondnessbe fond ofideologydoctrinephilosophyimitationimitatesimulationmiserabledeplorableparcelpart and parcelperplexperplexedbewilderpuzzleconfusepreachinterprovincialadmonishsymbolsignsyntheticarticulatelyaspireaspire tobetraycementdisplacementreplacementpronouncementcomfortdiscomfortscatterscattereddispersedistributededucedeductibledumbeligiblefossilunit 27logicalpsychological technological geological biological pathological astrological theological ecologically chronological definite definitely definition indefinite indefinitely distinctspecificqualifybe qualified for modifybuncha bunch of prolongvirtuevirtualvirtually virtuosity moralitymeritparticipate participation participatory participate in reductionreducedefenddefender defendant precise preciselyprecisionaccurateremarkremarkableparliamentparliamentarythe House of Lords(of Britain)/theUpper Housethe Lower House/the Lower Chambercongressassemblycommitteecommitcommitmentcommunitycommit oneself tobe committed todedicatefaultyfaultat faultflawlapsedefectdrawbackshortcomingcraftsmancredentialrationaloperationallicencesanctionconsentcertifyapproveoccasionallycasuallyaccidentallyinfrequentlyrandomlysubstancesubstantialsubstantiallysubstantiateessenceaccelerateacceleratingacceleratedescalatedistractundistractedextractextravagantentertainmententertainerentertainingfatalcastforecasterforemostbe doomed to=be bound to=be destined topredictprophetglowglowingradiatebeamglitterincidentincidenceincidentalepisodeplainplateauordinaryquantity quantitativeunit 28readilyreaderstimulate stimulation arousemotivateinspiretextiletextile industry geology geologist geological ingraingracegravity antigravity hardshipplight predicamentinfectinfection irrigationjamblockhinderhamperhurdleobstacletraffic jam lever layerevemetropolitanmildmildlygentlemoderateorganicorganizedisorganizedorganismorganizationorganizationalphasepolethe South Poleprejudiceprejudice againstsensationsensationalsensibleundertakesuspicioussuspicionsuspiciouslysusceptibleskepticalquestionabletriumphfiascovainabusesubstanceabuseabuse one'sauthorityacquaintacquaintancebe acquainted withagentagencyburstburst intobreak intooutbreakcompensationcompensate forcoordinatecooperatecoordinateddiscerndistinguishdulldullnesstediousbluntunit 29eyebrowharborPearl Harborsheltershieldmoleculeoffspringposterityheirdescendantorbitorbitalportionratioprotein proportionresent resentment repent ofsakeforsakefor the sake ofshrink shrinkage sketchpetrolpatrolsuperficial shallowtherapy therapist music therapyaffiliate affiliationbe affiliated/ attached to agitate agitatedirritateannoyalphabet alphabetically vocabulary amend amendmentbold approximate approximately more or lessapproacharbitrarybureaucracybureaucratbrakecirculatecirculationcatholicdreadfulfearfulnastyappallingscarycontradictoryself-contradictoryparadoxicaldigestdigestivedroughtfamineearnestearnestnessin earnestscrupulousdiligentflavoraromaatmospherefrontierconfrontunit 30fumeinflamehospitalitybe hostile tohostilityhemisphereincompetentcompetentlyincompetentlycompetentincompetent to dosth.hydrogeningredientfactorelementcomponentinjectinjectioninject intoinsetinstalllestjunctiondisjunctionconjunctionconnectionjointlungat the top of(one's)lungsmicroscopemoldremoldmold sb./sth. intosb./sth.nervenervousnonsensepioneer forerunner predecessorpractitionerrefreshment refreshingrespectively individuallysloganmottoproverbstumblestumble across stumble upon tumblesymposiumvigorous vigorously robustvirusabreastbreadthabreast of keep abreast of bellyfulweary exhausted divorce casualty incapable capacitycapeescape scapegoat assaultassault on sb. bearinghave some bearing ontransfer transferable comedytragedyzigzagrelievereliefalleviate palliatehumble stereotypeBible。

眉内容Unit 1Live 居住，生活；生命；有生命的，直播的 alive【 adj】活着的，有生气的，活的 liveliness 【 n】活力deliver 【 v】⋯接生；放；表达；送【 n】 livelihood 【 n】生outlive 【 v】比⋯活得，比⋯久 largely 【adv】主要地；大多数；大批地 enlarge 【v】大；放大；述market 【 n】市，，行情【v】销售 remarkable 【 adj】优秀的，非凡的，煌的 markedly 【 adj】著的，明的；有号的 remark 【 v】；察；【 n】注意；言辞marketplace 【 n】集市，商，市landmark 【 n】地；里程碑guideline 【 n】挃方decline 【 v】降落；婉拒discipline 【 n】律；学科；； incline 【 v】斜；向；易于 underline 【 v】在⋯下划；；突出linen 【 n】麻布，麻；麻制品【 adj】麻布（的） loneliness 【n】孤单，孤独airline【n】航，航空企业pipeline管，管道in the pipeline 在筹中headline 【 n】大，版条新outline 【 n】廓；大；纲要in line with和⋯⋯成直，与⋯⋯一致，依据boundary 界，分界bound 界线，限制 succession 承，procession 伍，队列 lineage 【 n】血；家系；世系 friendliness 【 n】切；友；密coastline 【 n】海岸live off依⋯⋯生活，依dwell 居住于，存在于reside定居于，属于inhabit居住于at large自由，一般，大概上，地bulky大的，体大的outsize特大的blot 点spot点，斑点stain ，玷，染symbol象征，志Unit 2value 【 n】价钱；价；重要性【vt 】价，估；尊敬，重overvalue⋯⋯ 价高，分重devalue的，减的economically 【 adv】地 , 地，省地；在上 ;productivity【n】生力govern 【 v】治管理publication【n】刊物，表，布，行economics 【n】organize 【 vt】，meaningless 【 adj】无聊的，毫无心的product 【 n】品，物；乘production 【 n】成就；品；生；作品economic 【 adj】（上）的，学的government-funded 【 adj 】政府款的disorganize 【 v】乱 ; 使杂乱 ; 崩溃productive 【 adj】生的 , 生性的 ; 多的 ; 丰的 ; 肥饶的public 【 n】公众，公众；【 adj.】公众的，公共的；公然的uneconomic 【 adj】不的，不盈余的socioeconomic 【 adj】社会的 meaning【 n】意、含self-governing 【 n】自我管理 well-meaning 【 adj】好心的；好心的identify 【 v】把···当作和···一 by means of 借助于publicly 【 adv】公然地；以公众之名provide ⋯供给⋯offer for【v】供给，供governance 【 n】治，管理publicity【n】公然，宣，曝光度，有名度identity【n】身；一性meaningful【adj.】存心的offer 【 v】供给；提出；呈；【 n】提 ;供给provider【n】供给者in public公然地，当众Unit 3essential 【 n】本，重点tell 【 v】辨，区；嘱咐，命令；泄漏discard 【 v】拒，抵制，回；排挤，退掉；弃 deal 【 n】数目，程度；交易influence 【 v】影响，感动fund 【 n】款，基金，金【v】款，⋯供给金dependent 【 adj】依赖的，依的；随⋯而定的influential 【 adj】有影响力的；有力的individual 【 adj】个人的，独的，独到的【 n】个人，个体revolve 【 v】使⋯旋；使⋯循；频频考； review 【 v】回；；复dealership 【 n】代理；involve 【 v】使某人卷入，涉，堕入；worldview 【n】世界independent 【 adj】独立自主的；不受束的teller 【 n】者 , 出 , 告的人 intellectual 【 n】知分子evolve 【 v】展，化；使逐渐形成；推测出 satellite【 n】人造星view 【 n】情景；点；察；眼界 overfund【 v】度款interview 【 v】采；接；⋯ 行面；某人行面rejection 【n】拒matter 【 v】要viewer 【 n】众；察者；看者；指示器 ideal 【 n】理想；完满的典型；模范 nonfundamentalist 【n】非原教旨主 intelligently 【 adv】明地；理智地fundamentally 【 adv】从根本上地，基地 highly【adv】高度地，很，特别；地 fundamental 【 adj】基的，根本的 underfund 【 v】⋯ 金供给不足 dealing【 n】行 , 交易intellect 【 n】智力 , 知分子 , 理解力 reviewer【 n】者，家 Independently 【 adv】独立地；自立地 involvement 【 n】参加；；包括；杂乱；政困intellectualism【n】知性主;理智主;理智之侧重in view of 考到；因为 deal with 理，付；安排 individually 【 adv】个地，独地intelligent 【 adj】明的 ; 有才华的 ; 机灵的 Unit 4occur 【 v】生，出；想起，想到； lead 【 v】，引；先，占首位； environment 【n】境，外界imply 【 v】意指 ,含⋯的意思 ,暗指expense 【 n】花，消，耗费 return 【 v】返回，回来，来；回答 extreme 【 adj】极度的，极端的misinterpret【v】误解environmental 【 adj】境的 ; 有关境的 simply【 adv】朴地，浅地terminal 【adj 】尾端的；点的；按期的；末期的systematic 【adj 】有系的，系化的mislead 【 v】；terminally 【adv】按期，如期；在尾端；最后determinedly 【 adv】毅然地，毅然地 proverb 【 n】systematically 【 adv】有系地 , 有条理地extremely 【 adv】极端地 , 很 , 特别地approve 【 v】赞同可terminate 【 v】使停止；使束；使止；使束；辞退leadership 【 n】能力；prove 【 v】明，；果是；，考；定 leader 【 n】，人；首；指者 environmentalist 【 n】境保者 ; 境者 plead for 求；⋯in terms of 用⋯的；依据，从⋯方面来in return for作(⋯的)答(或回、交) take the lead ，首，起作用，lead up to 致，逐致；把⋯向来到；⋯作的准；lead on 引，往前走；恿，引 system 【 n】系；系统term 【 n】学期；期；条件；；条款 interpret【 v】解；认识，plead 【 v】借口；⋯ ；determine 【 v】确定；决定；使下信心，下信心improve 【v】提高，提高 Unit 5harmonious 【adj】的，和的，和睦的pharmaceutical 【 adj】制的desire 【 n】期望，梦想function 【 v】起作用；【n】功能，作用harmful 【 adj】有害的functional 【 adj】具功能的，起作用的disharmony 【n】丌和，丌和睦 headway【 n】前；步；航行速度headlong 【 adj】率的；向前的；急促而使劲的headache 【 n】痛；麻；令人疼之事 headhunter 【 n】者；物色人材的人 industrial 【 adj】工的，的headline 【 n】大；版条新；【v】加 wrong-headed 【adj】迷丌悟的，愎自用的go-ahead 【 n】前，步；放行信号【adj 】前着的industrialized【adj】工化的tissues 【 n】，薄的沙品；面巾respectable 【 adj】得尊敬的 , 丌少的 , 人品崇高的 lawful 【adj】法的；法定的；法律可的issues 【 n】，行（物），（刊）期号【 v】行；布industrialization【n】工化as opposed to 和⋯比with respect to 对于claw 【 n】爪；螯，lawsuit 【 n】；案件intend 【 v】想要，打算，企slacken 【 v】使松弛；使放flaw 【 n】瑕疵，裂；弊端；一狂irrespectively 【 adv】没关地 respectively【 adv】分地；各自地Unit 6entitle 【 v】取名 , 予名称 ; ⋯ 力 (戒格 ) subtitle 【n】副；【 v】 ...加副，在 ...上印字幕 comprehensive 【 adj】全面的 ; 能充分理解的 ; 宽泛的creature 【 n】人 , 造物 , 物 recreate 【 v】再造 ; 再建 entitlement 【 n】得的利 ; 津creation 【 n】造 ; 立 ; 作 ; 世界procreation 【 n】生 ; 生殖creativity【n】造力creationism 【 n】造宇宙 ; 特造 creative 【 adj】造的；有造力的；启想像力的 in doubt 丌确定、拿丌准undoubtedly 【 adv】毫丌疑的greedy 【 adj】吃的 ; 期望的 ; 婪的effortless 【 adj】丌力气的 hold back 退阻挡克制hold on 等一等，挂；持hold up 丼起 , 抬起 , 住 , 耽；劫hold out 伸出 , 开取出 , 提出 , 供给 , 保密 household 【 n】一家人；【adj】家庭的 shareholders 【 n】股degree 【 n】程度 inference 【 n】推理，推 materialism 【 n】唯物主；唯物maintain 【 v】持保持持 by nomeans 丌well-meaning 【 adj】善心的，好心的exhibition 【 n】展 , 展会 by means of依赖；用mean 【 adj】吝啬的；均匀Unit 7meet 【v】遇 ,会 ,会 ,,遇到 ,足personal 【 adj】个人的 ,个人的 ,自的 ,自己的 ,人身的imagine 【 v】想象，想，猜想finding 【 n】，物 [pl.] （研究）果 potential 【 n】潜能 , 潜力【 adj】潜伏的 ,可能的 overstate 【 v】夸夸张的表达obtain 【v】得获得practical 【adj】的，用的，践的status【n】地位，情况，状，重要身份imagination【 n】想象impersonal 【 adj】不受个人感情影响的,冷漠的，客的statistic 【 n】数【 adj】的学的（复数形式表示学，料）indeed 【 adv】确，在；真实地，多么 intend【v】打算personality 【 n】人品 , 个性人物 , 名人 observe【 v】察，注意到，看到；恪守，推行understatement 【 n】保守述不充分的述有保存的述imaginative 【 adj】造性的，想象的intention 【 n】意，意愿，目的manifestation 【 n】示 image 【 n】形象，化身interpersonal 【 adj】人与人之的 , 人的恋练有词精选单词精选打印全眉内容estate 【 n】房地身份professional 【n】自由者人【 adj】的的的unintentional 【adj 】没心的，无心的purpose 【 n】目的意用途成效electronic 【adj】子的 increasingly【 adv】不停增添地，日趋stationary 【 adj】固定的；静止的；定居的；常的【 n】professionalize 【 v】使⋯化，使⋯化impractical【adj】可得的；可获得的purposely 【 adv】自地就个人而言unimaginable 【 adv】成心的蓄意的obtainable 【 adj】不切的, 无用的 , 不的personally 【 adv】自地就个人而言devastate 【 v】坏professionalization 【 n】化electronically 【 adv】子地practicality 【 n】践性；性；用性；例 state 【 v】述明；定【 n】状，国，州 imaging 【 n】影像 observer【 n】察者 intentionally 【 adv】存心地，成心地meeting 【 n】会，集合；会集；运会 imaginary 【 adj】想象中的，虚假的，设想的 professionalism 【 n】水平或特征，化 statement 【n】申明述表达；表清 practically 【 adv】几乎 ; 直地 , 事求是地 Unit 8rare 【 adj】罕有的；得的；珍异的；稀少的；稀少的primary 【 adj】最先的，初的；首要的，主要的，基本的physical 【 adj】物的，有形的；肉体的，身体的；自然科学的，物理的vanish 【 v】消逝；消逝relate 【 v.】表达；述；和⋯系treat 【 v】待；理；治；述；款待；客decline 【 v/n 】衰败；降落，下；斜面，斜 , 拒，account 【 v】明 ,解 ,致available 【 adj】可用的，能够获得的，可到的，随可来的divide【v】分，区分，分开；分派，除; 意分歧；分裂【n】分歧,不睦;分水岭characterize 【 v】表示⋯的特征；描绘⋯的特征【n】性格，品行definite 【n】目；表达 ;明【 adj】明确的，必定的；限制的definitely 【 adv】明确地 ; 干脆地accountant 【 n】会，会 rarely 【 adv】极少 , 得emerge：【 v】浮，出； (等 )生 ,露， (从窘境等中 ) 脱，露 , (事等 )裸露physics 【 n】物理，物理学directly 【 adv】直接地 ;笔挺地；爽快地 ,斩钉截铁地；正好地 ;截然；马上 ,上interrelated 【 adj】有关的 ,互有关的physician 【n】内科医生definition【n】定,清楚度,精准度reasonable 【 adj 】合理的；有道理的；适量的；知书达礼的emergency 【 n】急状况 , 急需要 , 急事件 retreat【 v/n 】退缩，撤离；避；退 ( ) indefinitely 【 adv】不定地 ;无定限地 ;无穷期地 ;不明确地 ,模糊地divided 【 adj】分别的 ; 分裂的 ; 有分歧的emergence 【 n】出 ;浮 ;露indirectly 【 adv】接地 ;迂回地 ;婉地 ; 不爽快地treatment 【n】治 , 待 , 理geophysical 【 adj】地球物理学的astrophysicist 【 n】天体物理学家 reasoned【 adj】尽述的 , 原由充分的directive 【 adj】指的 ; 管理的 ;方向性的【 n】指令 dividend 【 n】被除数 ; 股息 , 利 ; 附品 ; 参加保投保人的盈余比率分undertreatment 【 n】理不足；治不interrelationship 【 n】相互关系on the decline 在衰败中 relate to 有关 , 波及 beavailable to 可用于 on account of 因，因为account for 据有；明，解（原由）take into account 考到 ; 体Unit 9essay 【 n】文章，短文evidence：【 n】据；踪迹，迹象【 v】浮，出；(等 )生 ,露，(事等 )establish 【 v】成立，立；部署，使定居；确定express 【 v】表达【 adj】特快的；明确的；切实的；【 n】快，快运depress 【 v】低；使沮；使条 formula 【 n】公式，准；配方；儿食品eventually 【 adv】于，最后 informally 【 adv】非正式地；不拘礼地 inform 【 v】通知；告；告；告；密告expression 【 n】表达，表示；表情；表力；措辞 event【 n】大事 , 事件 , 目former 【 adj】以前的，以前的【 pron】前者transform 【 v】，prevent 【 v】防，防备；阻挡，阻碍evident 【 adj】明的；理解的conform【v】切合；依照；适境；使一致；使恪守；使从【 adj】从的；一致depression 【n】条，不景气；沮；愁introductory 【adj】引的；介的；初步的pressing 【 adj】迫的press for 急迫要求well-established 【 adj】明确的Informed 【 adj】信息灵通的，多广的compress 【 v】，，精 informative 【 adj】情的 ,广博的；教育性的，有利的suppress 【 v】克制，；止uniformity 【n】一致，同formulation 【 n】公式化；述；构思，划 label【 n】；；称呼；绰号perform 【 v】行；表演introduce 【 v】引；提出；采纳，实行；引用 Unit 10in practice在践中，上qualify for有格，格；适；manageable 【 adj】可管理的，可控制的，可理的legislate 【 v】立法provider【n】供给者，供者legitimate【adj】合法的illegal【adj】非法的；法的；反的【 n】非法移民； legacy【 n】嘱， psychology 【 n】心理学；心理practice 【 n/v】 , ,践 , , ,开【常 pl】性行provided 【 conj】若是，只需，若是mere 【 adj 】，只不 ,粹的 merely【 adv】粹地，，只不 provide 【 v】供，供给 otherwise 【 conj】要否则，否【 adv】此外，在其余方面manage 【 v】管理，，理，法付，控制，操作qualify【v】（使）拥有格，明合格；限制，限制，修legal 【 adj】法律的，法定的；合法的，正当的U11recognize【 v】出，；承unrecognized 【 adj】未被的, 未被承的 , 未被定的reflect【 v】反应，表；反思，想；考reflection 【n】反射 ; 反射光 , 回声 ; 反响 ; 映象 , 倒影unreflecting 【 adj 】丌反射的 ; 无思的 ; 丌反思的bunch 【 n】束，群，【 v】成群，成a bunch of 一串，一帮subject【 n】主，目；学科，主【adj】受制于 ... 的 , 未独立的【 v】使遇到，使听从subject to 使听从 , 隶属于 , 在⋯的影响之下 , 在⋯之下的subjective【adj】主的 , 主上的 ; 主体的 ; 个人的 ; 自察的object【 n】物体，目的，目；客体，象【 v】反 objection 【 n】反 ; 丌喜 ; 异 ; 弊端objective 【 adj】客的 , 受的 , 外在的【 n】目的 , 物, 受格objectivity 【 n】客性 ; 客objectiveness【 n】客trust【 v】信，依；期望，希望；拜托【n】信，依；拜托，信托trust funds 信托基釐distrust 【 v】丌信【 n】丌信 mistrusted【 adj】丌信的 ; 多疑的vast 【 adj 】巨大的，的，大批的；巨的 vastly【 adv】大地，广大地，深地devastating【 adj】性的；全然的wonder 【 n】诧异，惊诧；奇观，奇亊【 v】异，奇异；，想知道no wonder 怪，怪不得concern【 v】波及，关系到；关注【 n】关怀；利害（关系）concern oneself with关怀as/so far as⋯be concerned 就⋯来 concerned 【 adj】关怀的；有关的 concerning 【prep】对于；就⋯而言unconcerned【 adj】丌关怀的；没关的；无的 consider【 v】，把⋯看作；考，想；体，照consideration 【 n】体 , 关怀；考; 要考的亊；酬 ,considerate【 adj】体的 , 体的reconsider【 v】从头考considerable【 adj】相当大 (或多 )的 considering【 prep】考到 , 就⋯而U12critical 【 adj】批的，的；紧急的，要的；挑剔的be critical of挑弊端的，批的hypocritical 【 adj】善的 ,虚的 ;善者的 ,君子的 criticize 【 v】 , 批 despite 【 prep】丌管，只管democratic 【 adj】民主的，大众的democracy【 n】民主 , 民主制；民主国家democratize【 v】 (使 )民主化distribute 【 v】分派，分布；配（）；漫步drop【 v】落下，降落；失意；放弃【n】滴，落下；微量drop by\in便来drop out 离开；休学；退出effective【 adj】有的，生的；人印象深刻的；著的effect【 n】果；作用；影响【 v】生；达到目的 effectively 【 adv】有地，生地；有力地；上 ineffectual 【 n】无用的人；无一技之者【 adj】无的；丌起作用的；徒无益的ineffective 【 adj】无的，失的，丌起作用的engage【 v】（使）从亊于，（使）参加；（使）婚；引起；吸引；聘任engage in 从亊于，参加doc_template01engage with交；不⋯接洽immediate 【 adj】立卲的，卲的；直接的；最凑近的immediately 【 adv】立卲，马上；直接地【 conj】一⋯就invest【 v】投【 n】投disinvestment 【n】回收投investor【 n】投人investigation 【n】官方，研究let【 v】允，听；假；出租，租 let out 放掉 , 放大 , 泄漏let alone 丌管 ; 更丌必outlet【 n】出气口，通口U13manufacture【 v】制造，加工【n】制造，制造；品manufacturing 【 n】制造 , 工manufacturer 【 n】制造者 ; 厂商prolong 【 v】延 ,拉 ;迟延 ;拖 (音等 )的音 promising【 adj】有前程的，有希望的compromise【 n】妥 , 折衷案 , 折衷【 v】互解决 ; 放弃; 累,泄漏; 妥,typical 【 adj】典型的，有代表性的various 【adj 】各样各的，丌同的variety 【 n】多；种；化；品种；种vary 【 v】改；使多化；奏；化；异；反variable【 adj】可的；易的，多的；异的，畸的【 n】量；可物，可要素variation 【 n】化；异，种；参数；波 varying 【 adj】丌同的，多种的invariably 【 adv】是；丌地；必定地varied【 adj】多的；各各的；verbal 【 adj 】用言辞的，用文字的；口的；的nonverbal【 adj】非言的；非文字的；丌用的 virtue 【 n】美德，品德；点，；功，力；操virtually 【 adv】亊上，几乎；上virtual 【 adj】虚的；有的；上的，亊上的 virtuosity 【 n】精深技；力；好者 disclaim 【 v】放弃 ; 拒承 ; 否 ; 放弃利 ; 否approach【 v】凑近，凑近，近【 n】方法，途claim【 v】要求，主，宣称；索【 n】要求，主；断言；索，利，全部lay claim to ⋯提出全部要求reclaim【 v】使改 , 敃化 , 使改过 ; 回收利用 ; 开 , 开辟; 服, 投诚proclaim 【 v】宣布 ; 申明 ; 宣布 ; 表示 , 示acclaim【 v】向 ...呼 ; 称 ;...喝采 ; 宣布 ; 呼 ; 喝采恋练有词精选单词精选打印全眉内容compete【 v】比；争(或因由 ); 惹起compete against/with 不⋯争underlying 【 adj】潜伏的；根本的；在下边的；先compete in 在⋯中争的incompetent【 adj 】无能力的 , 丌适合的 , 无力的【 n】mass【 n】大批，众多；，；量【 adj】大模无能力者的，民众的competent：【 adj】能干的 , 有能的 , 的 ; 有法定massive【 adj】大而重的 , 大的，可的 , 巨大的 , 大格的量的discipline 【 n】律，定；学科；【 v】 ,distinguish 【v】区，辨；辨出 distinguished 【adj】有名的；优秀的；高的biomass【 n】 (位面或体内 )生物的数目massacre【 n】大屠【v】大屠note【 n】笔 , ,按 ,注 ,条子 ,短 ,含 ,示意；票 , 【 v】注意 ,下 ,摘下U14familiar 【 adj】熟习的，通的；近的 unfamiliar 【 adj】丌熟习的；丌常的；没有的familiarity 【 n】熟习，精晓；密；随意 figureout 弄清楚figure【n】体形；数字；形；人物【v】算出，估，推grant 【 v】予，授与；赞同，准予【n】政府劣釐；津take ⋯ for granted 想自然，理所自然immigrant 【 n】秱民，民【 adj】秱民的，迁入的 justify 【 v】明⋯是正当的，有理labor 【 n】工作，；力，方【 v】；苦干 workforce 【 n】力take/make notes 做笔denote【 v】⋯的符号 ; ⋯的名称指示 ; 指出 noteworthy 【 adj】得注意的 ;著的 ;重要的participate 【 v】参不，参加；分享，分担participation 【 n】参加 ,参不 ,分享participatory 【 adj】供人分享的position 【 n】地点，位，；姿，姿；解，立；形opposition 【 n】反，；反派，在野党proposition 【 n】命，提；主，【v】向⋯提composition 【 n】作文；作曲；极成，合成物disposition 【 n】性情；向；置；部署 U15laboratory 【 n】室，研究室prompt【 adj】捷的，快速的，卲刻的【v】激起，促elaborate【 adj】精心制作的；尽的；煞苦心的【v】，推精心制作；述；复prompting 【 n】激励，提示，刺激laborsaving 【 adj】省力的property【 n】，，全部物；性，特征collaborate 【v】合作；勾，通proportion 【 n】比率，部分，儿；均衡，相当collaboratively 【 adv】合作地；作地disproportionately 【 adv】形成成比率地collaborative 【adj 】合作的；作的puzzle【 v】( 使 )诱惑，（使）【 n】，；诱惑land 【n】地，土地；田地，领土，国家【v】（使）puzzlement【 n】诱惑 ; ; 解登；（使）着puzzled【 adj】疑惑的 , 茫然的 , 搞糊涂的landowner 【 n】地主，土地全部者reduction 【 n】减少，减mainland 【 n】大；当地【 adj】大的；当地的reduce【 v】减少landing 【 n】登；；楼梯平台satisfy【 v】足，使意，服landmark 【 n】路，地；里程碑；地界；划代dissatisfied 【 adj】丌意的 ,丌快乐的 ,丌高的的亊be dissatisfied with ⋯不意island【 n】；；安全；状物【 adj】的【 v】dissatisfaction 【 n】不足 ,不意 ,不令人意的亊物孤立；使成satisfaction 【 n】足 ,意lie 【 v】躺 ,平放 ,位于【 n】 ,言satisfied【 adj】感觉意的underlie ：【 v】位于或存在于 (某物 )之下 ;极成⋯的基shift 【 v】替，秱；秱【 n】秱；，；（班）downshift 【v】把排至低速【 n】低速 downshifter【 n】放慢生活奏的人stock【 v】存【 n】料，存，；股票，公 stock price 股价laughing stock 笑柄 stockholder 【 n】股structure 【 v】极造，建筑； , 极成【 n】极，极造；建筑物restructure【 v】改正极 , 整 , 重修极造 , 从头排 structural 【 adj】极的 , 建筑的infrastructure 【 n】下部极造 , 基 , 下部 table【 n】桌子，台子；目，表格 comfortable 【 adj 】舒畅的 , 松的vegetable【 n】蔬菜 , 垂头丧气之人 , 植物【 adj 】蔬菜的, 植物的notable【 adj】得注意的 , 善理家的 , 著的【 n】有名人士 , 得注意之亊物charitable【 adj】慈善的 ; 慈善的 ; 仁爱的 ; 恩赐大方的acceptable【 adj】能够接受的 ; 令人意的 ; 得接受的 ; 可忍耐的disputable【 adj】有余地的 ; 真假可疑的unpredictable 【 adj】丌可知的profitable 【 adj】有利的 , 的 , 有利益的stable【 n 】 , 棚 ; 一群 ; 畜舍 ; 一群人【 adj】定的 , 坚固的 ; 靠谱的 ,【 v】把 ...拴入厩 ; 住于厩中inevitable 【 adj】丌可防止的 ; 必然的unacceptable【 adj】没法接受的 , 丌受迎的suitable【 adj 】适合的 ; 适合的 ; 适合的regrettable【 adj】可的 , 对不起的 , 惋惜的respectable【 adj】得尊敬的 , 丌少的 , 人品崇高的 U16unemployment 【 n】失；失人数 employer 【 n】雇主 ; 老板 employment 【 n】聘任 , 工作 ,employ 【 v】聘任 , 使从亊于 , 使用employee【n】 , 受雇人 , 工 weigh 【 v】称⋯重量，称；重达；考，衡weight【 n】重量 , 重任 , 体重【 v】加重量于 , 使加 , 迫outweigh 【v】比 ...更重 ;advocate 【 v】倡导，鼓动【 n】倡导者，鼓动者，支持者allow【v】允，赞同；考Shallow 【 v】浅；使浅【 adj】浅的；浅陋的Shallowness【 n】浅；浅陋 allow for 考到；及appropriate 【 adj】适合的；适合的【 v】占用，出inappropriate 【 adj】丌适合的，丌相当的 consequence【 n】果，结果，影响，重要性in consequence 所以，果debate 【 v/n 】争，争demonstrate 【 v】，，展现，明；示威游行demonstration【 n】示威游行element 【 n】元素，成部分equal 【 adj】相等的；的【v】等于【 n】（地位）相等的人，等的亊物equally 【adv】相等地 , 同样地 , 同地equate【v】使相等 ; 同样 ; 等同inequality 【 n】丌均等 ; 丌均衡 ; 丌同样 ; 丌平展equality 【 n】等同性 ; 同样 ; 同样federal【 adj】邦的frequent【 v】常到 , 常进出于 , 常去【 adj】常生的 , 快速的 , 繁的indicate【 v】指出，指示；表示，示意instance 【 n】例子，亊例。

《练恋有词》中频词汇整理版Unit 11govern vt.统治;管理;?支配;控制;影响government n.政府governance n.统治?方式,管理?方法government-funded adj.政府拨款的self-governing adj.?自我管理的administrate v.管理be governed by受约束,被控制conduct v.引领,引导interpret v.解释,了解,认为interpretation n.翻译;解释misinterpret v.曲解define v.使明确,解释misinterpret v.指定,详述prove v.证明,证实;结果是;证明是;检验;考验;鉴定improve v.提?高;提升;改善;增进proverb n.谚语show v.说明,表明,表现出n.(电视或??广播)节??目;秀confirm v.证实,证明,确认return v.回来;归来n.回报;利润;收益[常?用pl.] returning adj.回头的overturn v.(使)翻转;推翻; n.翻转;打翻;颠覆;废除in return for作为......的回报industrial adj?工业的;产业的industry n.产业;?工业,?行业;勤勉industrialized adj.?工业化的industrialization n.?工业化measure v.量,测量;衡量n.衡量;估量;尺?寸;?大?小; oppose v.反对;反抗opponent n.对?手,敌?手;反对者adj.对?立的;敌对的be opposed to反对....;背道?而驰repel v.排斥;击退deny v.否认;否认与...有关系;不承认;抛弃counter v.反击;反驳imagine v.想象;设想;料想image n.形象;化?身imaging n.成像imaginary adj.虚构的;想象中的unimaginable adj.难以想象的imaginative adj.创造性的;爱想象的dream v.梦想;想到;梦到picture v.想象,描写drop v.落下;下降;;放弃;终?止 n.滴,落下,微量drop by顺道拜访dropout退学;退出engage v.(使)从事于;(使)参加;(使)订婚;吸引;聘?用engagement n.订婚,婚约;约会;约定;雇佣;参与engage in从事于;参加engage with交战;与...接洽property n.财产;资产,所有物;性质;特性asset n.有?用的物(或?人);财富;资产;财产unemployment n.失业,失业?人数employ v.雇?用;使从事于;使?用employer n.雇主;?老板employee n.雇员;员?工employment n.雇?用;?工作;职业unemployment rate失业率demonstrate v.论证;证明;显?示;表明;?示威游?行respond v.回答;答复;响应;应对responsible adj.负责的;有责任的;可靠的responsibility n.责任;职责corresponding adj.相当的,相应的;?一致的;通信的correspendent n.(尤指专?门报道某?一类新闻的)记者;通讯员in respond to作为回应in response to对......做出反应afford v.负担得起;买得起;供给;给予;经得起; unaffordable adj.负担不起的afford to负担得起;承受得起complex adj.复杂的;合成的;综合的n.复合体; complexity n.复杂;复杂性;复杂的事物perplexing adj.复杂的;令?人不解的intricate adj.错综复杂的;难以理解的sophisticated adj.复杂的;深奥微妙的ensure v.确保;保证assure v.向...保证;使...确信favor v.赞成;?支持;偏爱;偏袒n.恩惠;帮助;?支持; favorite adj.最喜爱的;宠爱的n.幸运?儿;喜欢的事物; favorable adj.有利的;良好的;赞成的;讨?人喜欢的unfavorable adj.不宜的;令?人不快的;不喜欢的;不顺利的in favor of有利于;?支持,赞同novel n.?长篇?小说 adj.新奇的;新颖的novelty n.新奇性;新颖;新奇的事物requirement n.需求;要求;必要条件require v.需求;要求;命令Unit 12dominate v.?支配;控制;统治;占优势dominant adj.?支配的;主要的;统治的;占优势的; domestic adj.国内的;本国的;家庭的;家?里的predominance n.优势;主导或?支配地位predominantly adv.?支配地;主要地recruit v.招收;招募;征召;雇?用n.新兵;新?手;新成员priority n.优先事项;优先权;最重要的事;当务之急hence adv.从此;今后;因此neglect v.忽视;疏忽;疏漏;忽略negative adj.负的;?小于零的;负?面的negotiate v.谈判;协商be neglectful of不关注;不注意;忽视owe v.?欠钱;?欠债;应把...归功(于)owing to由于;因为revenue n.收?入;财政收?入;税收taxation n.课税;征税vote v.投票;表决n.投票;选票;选票数devoted adj.献?身的;忠诚的election campaign选举运动ballot n.(?无记名)投票;(?无记名)选票(?无记名)表决misery n.痛苦;苦难;不幸be sorrowful of伤?心;悲伤grief n.悲伤;悲痛routine n.例?行公事;惯例;adj.常规的;例?行的routinely adv.例?行地;通常地circular bus route循环巴?士路线inevitable adj.不可避免的;必然发?生的unavoidable adj.不可避免的solve v.解决;解答resolve v.决定;下定决?心;解决(问题、疑问等);分解; solution n.解决;解决?方法;溶液commerce n.商业;贸易commercialized adj.商业化的commercial adj.商业化的;商务的 n.商业??广告e-commerce n.电?子商务circuit n.环道;尤指?工作时的巡回;电路integrate v.(使)成为?一体;(使)结合;(使)合并;(使)融?入integration n.结合;整合;?一体化;混合;融合integrated adj.整体的;完全的;连成?一体的;互相协调的disintegrate v.(使)破裂;(使)崩溃;(使)?瓦解;(使)解体;in tegrate with(使)与...结合在?一起disorder n.?身?心机能的失调;不适;紊乱;疾病;杂乱;distort v.歪曲;扭曲;曲解;Unit 13highly adv.极其,?非常;极为赞许;评价?高地extremely adv.极端地;?非常exceedingly adv.?非常;极其notice v.注意到;注意n.通知;通告;布告;注意;认识at/on short notice在短时间内,?立刻take notice of注意到advertisement n.??广告;宣传;公告detect v.发现;查出;测出;觉察;发觉obtain v.获得;得到obtainable adj.可获得的;可取得gain v.获得;赢得derive v.获得;取得;得到;(使)起源于;(使)来?自characterize v.使具有特点;描述be characterized by被描述为......;具有......的特征portray v.描绘;描述depict v.描绘;描述decline v.衰落;下降;下倾;倾斜 n.下降;下倾;衰落;拒绝;谢绝 on the decline在衰退中descend v.下来;下降;降低?身份;沦落;突然造访decrease v.减少;减?小former adj.从前的;前者pron.两者之间的前者;form n.形式;形状v.形成;组成;组织;产?生;塑造formal adj.正式的;规范的;服饰n.须穿礼服的舞会;formula n.原则;规则;?方案;?方法;公式,?方程式;perform v.做;执?行;表演performer n.演出者;表演者;表现......的?人performance n执?行;履?行;表演;?行为;业绩;性能performative adj.表述?行为的formation n.形成;养成;创建;创造;编队;列队reformatory adj.起改?革作?用的;感化的n.(少年犯)管教所informed adj.了解情况的;?见多识??广的informative adj.提供情报的;增?长?见闻的;增?长知识的informally adv.?非正式地;不拘礼节地conform v.符合;遵守;遵从;?一致;相吻合;顺从conformity n.符合;?一致;遵从;遵守nonconformist n.不墨守成规者;新教徒adj.不墨守成规的;不遵循主流思想的transformation n.转换;转变;变形;改?革formulate v.系统阐述;明确表达;规划;策划;构想formulation n.(想法的)阐述?方式,(计划等的)制定;构想informativeness n.信息量uninformed adj.未被通知的;未受教育的;不明情况的misinformation n.(常指有意提供的)假消息;错误信息;误报;uniformity n.?一致(性);统?一(性)formidable adj.可怕的;令?人敬畏的;艰难的;强?大的previous adj.先前的;以前的effective adj.有效的;?生效的;实际的effect n.效果;结果;影响v.使发?生;实现effectiveness n.有?力;有效性effectively adv.有效地;?生效地;有?力地;实际上ineffectual n.?无?用的?人;?无?一技之?长者 adj.?无效的,不起作?用的; ineffective adj.?无效的,不起作?用的efficient adj.效率?高的;效能?高的justify v.证明...是正当的;认为有理testify v.证实;证明verify v.核实;证明confirm v.确认;证实affirm v.证实;确认lie v.躺;平放;位于n.谎话;谎?言underlie v.位于或存在于(某物)之下;构成......的基础(或起因);引起underlying adj.潜在的;根本的;在下?面的lie in在于;位于lie with sb是某?人的责任puzzle v.(使)困惑;(使)为难n.难题;谜;令?人困惑的事物puzzlement n.迷惑;困惑;谜;费解puzzled adj.困惑的;茫然的confuse v.使困惑satisfy v.满?足;使满意;说服satisfied adj.感到满意的dissatisfied adj.不满意的;不愉快的;不?高兴的dissatisfaction n.不满?足;不满意;令?人不满意的事物be satisfied with对......满意be dissatisfied with对......不满意fulfill v.实现;履?行诺?言等;执?行;完成;满?足;使满意stock n.备料;库存;现货;股票;公债 v.储存stock price股价stock market股市laughingstock笑柄debate n.争论;争辩v.辩论;争论;思考controversy n.辩论;争论dispute n.辩论;争端equal n.地位相当的?人;对等的事物v.等于adj.同样的;相等的equally adv.相等地;平等地;同样地equate v.使相等;视为平等;等同于equality n.等同性;平等;同等equivalent adj.等值的;相等的;等同的n.等同物;等值物;对应物frequently adv.常常;频繁地frequent v.常到;时常出?入于;常去adj.时常发?生的;频繁的repeatedly adv.反复地;重复地;再三地universal adj.普遍的;全体的;通?用的;宇宙的;世界的universe n.宇宙;(思想等)领域;星系universally adv.普遍地;到处;全体地university n.?大学universalize v.使普遍化overall adj.全?面的;总体的adv.全?面地;总地;总的说来n.?工装裤; deprive v.夺去;使丧失emotion n.情绪;情感emotional adj.表现强烈情感的;情绪激动的;情感上的;情绪上的sentiment n.感情;情绪;情操temper n.性情;脾?气;特征mood n.?心情;语?气;?气氛disposition n.性情;性格modify v.更改;修改;改造;修饰mode n.?方式;?方法;(艺术、着装等的)?风格;模式;状态modification n.修改;修正;改良sentiment n.感情;情绪;情操revise v.改变;修正amend v.改良;修改recast v.重塑;修改net n.??网;??网状物;因特??网;净数v.?用??网捕;使落??网adj.净数的;纯的network n.??网状物;??广播??网;(?人或机构组成的)??网络intranet n.内联??网;企业内部??网Internet-based adj.基于互联??网的;以??网际??网路为基础的poetry n.诗歌;诗节poet n.诗?人philosopher n.哲学家;哲?人philosophy n.哲学;哲理;?人?生哲学;?见解philosophical adj.哲学(上)的;冷静的remains n.剩余;残余;遗迹remain v.保持;依然;留下;剩余;逗留;残存remaining adj.剩下的;剩余的balance v.(使)保持平衡;(?用天平)称;使平衡n.天平;平衡;均衡well-balanced adj.均衡的counterbalance n.起平衡作?用的事物;平衡?力;抵消因素leveloff将......弄平;使平整breakeven 不盈不亏;够本steady adj.稳定的;不变的stabilize v.(使)稳定;(使)稳固Unit 14elite n.上层?人?士;掌权?人物;实?力集团;精英elitism n.精英主义;杰出?人物统治论gradual adj.逐渐的;逐步的entrepreneur n.企业家colony n.殖民地;(某?一类?人的)聚居地;聚居区colonial adj.殖民地的;殖民主义的;comply v.服从;遵守complicate v.使难以理解;使复杂化complicated adj.复杂的;难懂的;难处理的contact n.(尤指经常性的)联系;联络v.联系;联络contest n.竞赛;?比赛;争夺;竞争v.争取赢得(选举、?比赛等);?角逐; in contact with和......联系;与......相关historian n.历史学家inherit v.继承(?金钱或财产);经遗传获得(特征、特质等) inherent adj.固有的;内在的;?生来就有的privilege n.特权;优待v.给予......特权;特免privileged adj.享有特权的;特殊的purchase v.买,购买n.购买的物品random adj.随机的;随意的;任意的n.随机;随意description n.描述;形容;叙述;说明;种类;类型describe v.描述;记述;形容;作图definition n.定义;规定;明确picture n.描述;描绘;写照admit v.让......进?入;接纳;承认admission n.承认;?入场费;进?入许可;坦?白adopt v.采?用;采纳;通过;收养;吸收adoptive adj.收养的;有收养关系的crucial adj.?至关重要的;关键性的essential adj.绝对必要的;?至关重要的;;根本的n.必需品; key adj.关键的;主要的significant adj.重要的;有意义的decisive adj.决定性的overriding adj.最重要的;?高于?一切的quote v.引?用;援引n.引?文quotation n.引?用;引证cite v.引?用;考证restore v.恢复;使复原;归还;交还;恢复;重建restoration n.恢复;复位;归还revive v.(使)复苏;(使)恢复;(使)再次流?行;重新上演recover v.恢复;重新获得resume v.重新取得;恢复(职位)enable v.使能够;使成为可能;准许;许可empower v.使能够;准许permit v.许可;准许endeavor n.(尤指新的或创造性事物的)努?力;尝试v.努?力;尽?力strive for奋?斗;争取essay v.尝试;试验external adj.外部的;外?面的;外来的internal adj.国内的;内部的agenda n.议事?日程;??目的;动schedule n.时刻表;进度表;flexible schedule弹性?工作时间表cell n.细胞;?小囚房;蜂房;电池clue n.线索;暗?示context n.上下?文;背景;环境;语境exert v.发挥;施加(影响等)impose sth. on对......施加......option n.选择;选择权;(供)选择的事物(或?人);选课optional adj.可选择的;?非强制opportunity n.机会;时机exception n.例外;除外permanent adj.永久的;持久的durable adj.耐?用的;持久的trait n.特征;特点;特性attribute n.属性feature n.特征;特点peculiarity n.特性cater v.迎合;为......提供(饮?食及服务)cater for满?足......的所有需求cater to满?足......的需求性capable adj.有能?力的;能够......的Unit 15dependent adj.依靠的;依赖的n.(?子?女等)受抚养者independent adj.独?立?自主的;不受约束的n.中?立派;?无党派者reliant adj.依靠的;信赖的extreme n.极端;极度(状态)adj.极度的;极端的;末端的;尽头的extremely adv.极端地;很;?非常地ultimate adj.极端的;极度的;最后的;最重要的utmost adj.极度的;最?大的radical adj.根本的;彻底的;激进的imply v.意指;含......的意思;暗指simply adv.简朴地;浅显地;?非常;极;indicate v.表明;暗?示infer v.推定;暗?示exhibit v.展出,陈列;表现;显?示;展?示;表明exhibition n.展览;展览会;展?示,显?示expose to暴露于array n.?一?大批;?一?大群;陈列;布置eventually adv.最终,终于;最后prevent v.预防,防?止;阻?止;妨碍finally adv.最后;终于ultimately adv.最后;最终label v.贴标签于......;标志;把......称为n.标签;标?示;标记;称号; tag n.标签brand n.商标,牌?子designate v.标?示;把......定名为;称呼;指定psychology n.?心理学;?心理typical adj.典型的;有代表性的;特有的;独特的typically adv.有代表性地;典型地;通常;?一般地sample n.(?用于化验的)取样,样本adj.作为代表或范例的various adj.各种各样的;不同的vary v.不同;有差异;(使)变化;改变varied adj.各种各样的variety n.多种多样;种类;变化;品种varying adj.不同的;多种多样的variable adj.可变的;易变的;多变的;变异的;畸变的n.变量;variation n.变化;变异;变种familiar adj熟悉的;通晓的;过分亲昵的unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的;不常?见的be familiar with熟悉be proficient in熟练;精通be adept at擅?长;精于intimate adj.亲密的;亲近的;私下的;个?人的v.暗?示;提?示shift v.替换;转移;移动n.转移;转换;转变;轮班downshift v.把排挡换?至低速挡;放慢?生活节奏n.换低速挡transfer v.使转移;使调动alter v.改变;更改transform v.改变;变换nevertheless conj.然?而;不过;尽管如此adv.仍然;不过;尽管如此although conj.尽管;虽然radical adj.基本的;重要的;根本的;彻底的;激进的;极端的radically adv.根本地;彻底地;完全地;激进地;极端地sufficient adj.?足够的;充分的adequate adj.?足够的;适当的affluent adj.富裕的;富?足的abundant adj.?大量的;充?足的ample adj.?足够的;充?足的sufficient adj.?足够的;充分的extent n.??广度;宽度;?长度;程度;限度;范围extension n.延?长;延期;扩?大,扩展;伸展extend v.延伸;延?长;扩?大;推??广;伸出;给予;对......估价extended adj.延伸的;扩展的;延?长的;??广?大的extensive adj.??广泛的;?大量的;??广阔的to some extent在?一定程度上;在某种程度上guarantee n.保证;担保v.保证guaranteed adj.有保证的;有?人担保的pledge n.保证;誓?言;诺?言v.保证;保证给予;?用......抵押;许诺expectation n.预期;期望;指望expect v.期望;想要unexpected adj.想不到的;意外的expectancy n.期待;期望;预期数额(如寿命等)meet the expectation达到预期respond v.回答;答复;响应;应对responsible adj.负责的;有责任的;可靠的responsibility n.责任;职责corresponding adj.相当的,相应的;?一致的;通信的correspendent n.(尤指专?门报道某?一类新闻的)记者;通讯员dim adj.(光线)昏暗的,暗淡的;(地?方)昏暗的,阴暗的acceptance n.接受;赞同;忍受;容忍;承受cloth v.为......提供?衣服clothes n.?衣服;服装lure n.诱惑?力,魅?力;诱饵v.诱惑;引诱;哄骗marine adj.海洋的;海产的;n.?水兵;海军陆战队?士兵norm n.标准;规范;?行为准则;通例;常规numerous adj.众多的;许多的numerical adj.数字的;?用数字表?示的;数值的orchestra n.管弦乐队;(剧院或?音乐厅的)正厅前排座位privacy n.隐私;独处;清静illusion n.错觉;幻想;假象illustrate v.说明;表明;(?用例?子、故事或图表)说明pursue v.实?行;执?行;寻求;追求;追赶;追查pursuit n.追求;寻求;追赶insist v.坚持;强调;坚决要求;坚决认为insistence n.坚持;强调consist in/of存在于......中persist v.坚持;保持persevere v.坚持不懈uphold v.?支持;维持previous adj.早先的;以前的previously adv.以前;先前primary adj.?首要的;主要的;最早的;原始的primitive adj.原始的;发展?水平低的prior adj.在先的;占先的release v.释放;解放;发表,发布;发?行n.发表,发布publish v.出版;发?行deliver v.发表;递送announce v.宣布;述说remind v.提醒;使想起reminder n.暗?示;提醒的?人/物;催单remind sb of提醒(某?人);使(某?人)想起temporary adj.临时的;暂时的chronic adj.(疾病、残疾)慢性的;?长期的;难以根除的;习性难改的whereas conj.?而,却;反之;鉴于elsewhere adv.在别处;去别处wise adj.有智慧的,聪明的otherwise adv.否则;不同地likewise adv.同样地,也wisely adv.聪明地;明智地;英明地prudent adj.谨慎的;慎重的;精明的acknowledge v.承认;致谢;报偿;告知已收到knowledge n.知识;学问;知道;认识;了解knowledgeable adj.知识渊博的;有知识的;有?见识的;聪明的announce v.公告;通告;宣布;宣告announcement n.公告;通告;宣布;宣告declare v.宣布;声明claim v.声称;断?言n.声称;断?言;主张;要求proclaim v.宣告,公布combine v.(使)结合,联合;(使)化合;同时具有;同时显?示combat n.战?斗v.与......作?斗争;打击combine with与......联合integrate v.使?一体化;使整合merge v.(使)混合enormous adj.巨?大的;庞?大的Unit 16host v.主持(节??目、活动等)n.主?人;?大量,许多;节??目主持?人ghost n.?鬼;幽灵v.为?人代笔;替?人代笔hostile adj.敌对的;敌?方的;敌意的hostility n.敌意;敌对?行为hostage n.?人质;抵押品military adj.军?用的,军事的;军队的military intelligence军事情报armed adj.武装的;使?用武器的native adj.本地的;本国的;n.本地?人;本国?人alternative adj.供选择的;备选;替代的n.供替代的选择alternatively adv.要不然;或者procedure n.程序,?手续;步骤working procedure进?行程序starting procedure起动程序loading procedure加载程序recommend v.劝告;建议;推荐;介绍recommendation n.推荐;推荐信;建议;意?见书commend v.推荐;表扬master v.精通;掌握n.(专家;能?手;硕?士学位?老板adj.技术熟练的;masterpiece n.杰作;代表作mastery n.精通;掌握;统治;控制be proficient in熟练;精通be adept at擅?长be good at擅?长;精通pour v.倾倒;倒出;倾泻;(?人)?大量涌?入outpouring n.(感情、反应等的)迸发pour into(使)?大量涌?入strengthen v加强;巩固strength n.?力量;?力?气;实?力;?长处;优点bury v程埋(葬),安葬;掩藏,隐藏;掩蔽bury one’s head in the sand逃避现实,不愿?面对现实celebrate v.庆祝;祝贺;歌颂;赞扬celebrity n.(尤指娱乐界的)名?人;明星;名誉;名?气crop n.庄稼;作物;产量;v.种植;收获;收割;修剪;剪短crown n.?王冠;皇冠;?王国政府;?王国v.为......加冕;disaster n.灾难;灾祸catastrophe n.?大灾难;横祸orient v.定......的?方位n.东?方adj.东?方的oriented adj.导向的;以......为?方向的prevail v.流?行,盛?行;取胜;占优势reign v.统治;治理;占优势;盛?行n.君主统治时期;君主的统治quest v.(?长期艰难的)搜寻;探求request v.要求;请求n.请求;需要question n.问题,疑问;询问;疑问句v.询问;质疑;审问unquestioned adj.?无可争议的;不容置疑的;公认的rear v.抚养,培养;栽种;竖起,adj.后?方的,;背后的n.后部,尾部rearing n.培养,抚养reap v.收割;收获;获得;取得specialize v.专攻;专?门研究;专?门从事specialize in专攻;精通vulnerable adj.脆弱的;易受攻击的;易受伤害的;易受影响的fragile adj.脆弱的;易碎的brittle adj.脆弱的;易碎的ambiguous adj.模棱两可的unambiguous adj.明确的;不含糊的obscure adj.朦胧的;费解的v.遮掩;遮蔽;使模糊不清opaque adj.不透明的;费解的vague adj.模糊的;含糊的peak n.?山顶;最?高点;峰,?山峰adj.?高峰的;最?高的v.达到顶点paramount adj.?至上的summit n.顶点;?山顶climax n.顶点;?高潮pension n.养?老?金;退休?金;抚恤?金suspension n.暂停;停职grant n.拨款;补助?金subsidy n.补助?金;津贴allowance n.津贴rage n.狂怒;盛怒;?风靡?一时outrage n.暴?行;愤怒v.激怒in a rage愤怒fury n.狂怒recipient n.接受者;领受?人eliminate v.消除;根除;淘汰elimination n.除去;消除;淘汰remote adj.远的;?长久的;偏僻的;关系疏远的;渺茫的;微乎其微的distant adj.遥远的;久远的;疏远的faraway adj.遥远的;远?方的farther adv.更远地;较远地adj.更远的immune adj.有免疫?力的;不受影响的;免除的immune to不受......感染;对......免疫;不受......影响implement v.实施;履?行n.?工具;器具implementation n.履?行;实施trial n.审讯;审判;试验;试?用adj.试验的dose n.(药物等的)?一剂;?一服;?一次;?一点v.给......服药Unit 17expense n.花费;消费;消耗expansion n.扩?大;发展;扩张;扩充cost n.花费;费?用outlay n.花费;费?用expenditure n.花费;?支出desirable adj.值得拥有的;合意的;可取的;受欢迎的desire v.渴望;想要n.愿望;欲望advisable adj.可取的;适当的practically adv.实际上;实事求是地;?几乎;简直practicality n.可?行性;实际性;实?用性;实际情况practical experience实践经验realistic adj.现实的;务实的;实事求是的intension n.意图;意向;??目的intensionally adv.有意地;故意地purpose n.意图;??目的intent n.意图;??目的reasonable adj.合理的,有道理的;可以接受的;理智的reason v.推理;推论;推断n.原因;理由;动机reasonably adv.尚可地;合理地reasoned adj.详尽论述的;理由充分的;合于逻辑的logical adj.符合逻辑的;合乎常理的democratic adj.民主的;民主精神的;民主作?风的democracy n.民主;民主制;民主国家democratize v.(使)民主化;(使)?大众化。

U n i t 1Live 居住，生活；生命；有生命的，现场直播的alive 【adj】活着的，有生气的，活跃的liveliness 【n】活力deliver 【v】给…接生；释放；表达；传送【n】传递livelihood 【n】生计outlive 【v】比…活得长，比…经久largely 【adv】主要地；大部分；大量地enlarge 【v】扩大；放大；详述market 【n】市场，营销，行情【v】出售remarkable 【adj】卓越的，非凡的，辉煌的markedly 【adj】显着的，明显的；有记号的remark 【v】评论；觉察；评论【n】注意；言辞marketplace 【n】市集，商场，市场landmark 【n】地标；里程碑guideline 【n】挃导方针decline 【v】下降；婉拒discipline 【n】纪律；学科；训练；惩罚incline 【v】倾斜；倾向；易于underline 【v】在…下划线；强调；突出linen 【n】亚麻布，亚麻线；亚麻制品【adj】亚麻布（的）loneliness 【n】孤独，寂寞airline 【n】航线，航空公司pipeline 管线，管道in the pipeline 在筹备中headline 【n】大标题，头版头条新闻outline 【n】轮廓；大纲；概要in line with 和……成直线，与……一致，按照boundary边界，分界线bound 界限，限制succession 继承，连续procession 队伍，行列lineage 【n】血统；家系；世系friendliness 【n】亲切；友谊；亲密coastline 【n】海岸线live off 依赖……生活，依赖dwell居住于，存在于reside 定居于，属于inhabit 居住于at large 自由，一般，大体上，详细地bulky 庞大的，体积大的outsize 特大的blot 污点spot 点，斑点stain 污渍，玷污，污染symbol 象征，标志Unit 2value 【n】价格；价值；重要性【vt】评价，估计；尊重，重视overvalue 对……评价过高，过分重视devalue 贬值的，减值的economically 【adv】节约地, 节俭地，节省地；在经济上;productivity 【n】生产力govern 【v】统治管理publication 【n】刊物，发表，发布，发行economics 【n】经济organize 【vt】组织，编组meaningless 【adj】无聊的，毫无意义的product 【n】产品，产物；乘积production 【n】成果；产品；生产；作品economic 【adj】经济（上）的，经济学的government-funded 【adj】政府拨款的disorganize 【v】扰乱; 使混乱; 瓦解productive 【adj】生产的, 生产性的; 多产的; 丰饶的; 肥沃的public 【n】公众，民众；【adj.】公众的，公共的；公开的uneconomic 【adj】不经济的，不盈利的socioeconomic 【adj】社会经济的meaning 【n】意义、含义self-governing 【n】自我管理well-meaning 【adj】好心的；善意的identify 【v】识别鉴别把···看成和···一样by means of 借助于publicly 【adv】公然地；以公众之名provide 为…提供…offer for 【v】提供，供给governance 【n】统治权，管理权publicity 【n】公开，宣扬，曝光度，知名度identity 【n】身仹；统一性meaningful 【adj.】有意义的offer 【v】提供；提出；呈现；【n】提议;提供provider 【n】提供者in public 公开地，当众Unit 3essential 【n】本质，要点tell 【v】辨别，区别；吩咐，命令；泄露discard 【v】拒绝，抵制，驳回；排斥，退掉；丢弃deal 【n】数量，程度；交易influence 【v】影响，感化fund 【n】专款，基金，资金【v】拨款，为…提供资金dependent 【adj】依靠的，依赖的；随…而定的influential 【adj】有影响力的；有势力的individual 【adj】个人的，单独的，独特的【n】个人，个体revolve 【v】使…旋转；使…循环；反复考虑；围绕review 【v】回顾；检查；复审dealership 【n】代理权；经销权involve 【v】使某人卷入，牵涉，陷入；worldview 【n】世界观independent 【adj】独立自主的；不受约束的teller 【n】讲话者, 出纳员, 告诉的人intellectual 【n】知识分子evolve 【v】发展，进化；使逐步形成；推断出satellite 【n】人造卫星view 【n】景象；视点；观察；眼界overfund 【v】过度拨款interview 【v】采访；接见；对…进行面谈；对某人进行面试rejection 【n】拒绝matter 【v】要紧viewer 【n】电视观众；观察者；观看者；指示器ideal 【n】理想；完美的典型；典范nonfundamentalist 【n】非原教旨主义intelligently 【adv】聪明地；明智地fundamentally 【adv】从根本上地，基础地highly 【adv】高度地，很，非常；赞许地fundamental 【adj】基础的，根本的underfund 【v】对…资金提供不足dealing 【n】行为, 交易intellect 【n】智力, 知识分子, 理解力reviewer 【n】评论者，评论家Independently 【adv】独立地；自立地involvement 【n】参与；牵连；包含；混乱；财政困难intellectualism 【n】知性主义; 理智主义;对理智之偏重in view of 考虑到；由于deal with 处理，对付；安排individually 【adv】个别地，单独地intelligent 【adj】聪明的; 有才智的; 伶俐的Unit 4occur 【v】发生，出现；想起，想到；闪现lead 【v】领导，引导；领先，占首位；environment 【n】环境，外界imply 【v】意指,含…的意思,暗指expense 【n】花费，消费，消耗return 【v】返回，回来，归来；回答extreme 【adj】极度的，极端的misinterpret 【v】曲解environmental 【adj】环境的; 有关环境的simply 【adv】简朴地，浅显地terminal 【adj】末端的；终点的；定期的；末期的systematic 【adj】有系统的，系统化的mislead 【v】误导；带错terminally 【adv】定期，按期；在末端；最后determinedly 【adv】决然地，断然地proverb 【n】谚语systematically 【adv】有系统地, 有条理地extremely 【adv】极端地, 很, 非常地approve 【v】批准认可terminate 【v】使停止；使结束；使终止；使结束；解雇leadership 【n】领导能力；领导阶层prove 【v】证明，证实；结果是；检验，考验；鉴定leader 【n】领导，领导人；首领；指挥者environmentalist 【n】环境保护论者; 环境论者plead for 请求；为…辩护in terms of 用…的话；按照，从…方面来说in return for 作为(对…的)报答(或回报、交换)take the lead 带头，为首，起带头作用，领导lead up to 导致，逐渐导致；把…一直带领到；为…作的准备；lead on 继续引领，继续往前走；怂恿，引诱system 【n】系统；体制term 【n】学期；期间；条件；术语；条款interpret 【v】解释；了解，认为plead 【v】借口；为…辩护；determine 【v】确定；决定；使下决心，下决心improve 【v】提高，提升Unit 5harmonious 【adj】协调的，和谐的，融洽的pharmaceutical 【adj】制药的desire 【n】渴望，愿望function 【v】起作用；【n】功能，作用harmful 【adj】有害的functional 【adj】具备功能的，起作用的disharmony 【n】丌和谐，丌融洽headway 【n】前进；进步；航行速度headlong 【adj】轻率的；头向前的；匆促而用力的headache 【n】头痛；麻烦；令人头疼之事headhunter 【n】猎头者；物色人才的人industrial 【adj】工业的，产业的headline 【n】大标题；头版头条新闻；【v】给加标题wrong-headed 【adj】执迷丌悟的，刚愎自用的go-ahead 【n】前进，进步；放行信号【adj】前进着的industrialized 【adj】工业化的tissues 【n】组织，薄的沙织品；面巾纸respectable 【adj】值得尊重的, 丌少的, 人格高尚的lawful 【adj】吅法的；法定的；法律许可的issues 【n】问题，发行（物），（报刊）期号【v】发行；颁布industrialization 【n】工业化as opposed to 和…对比with respect to 关于claw 【n】爪；螯，钳lawsuit 【n】诉讼；诉讼案件intend 【v】想要，打算，企图slacken 【v】使松懈；使放缓flaw 【n】瑕疵，裂纹；缺点；一阵狂风irrespectively 【adv】无关地respectively 【adv】分别地；各自地Unit 6entitle 【v】取名为, 给予名称; 给…权力(戒资格) subtitle 【n】副题；【v】给...加副标题，在...上印字幕comprehensive 【adj】全面的; 能充分理解的; 广泛的creature 【n】人, 创造物, 动物recreate 【v】再创造; 再创建entitlement 【n】应得的权利; 津贴creation 【n】创造; 创立; 创作; 世界procreation 【n】生产; 生殖creativity 【n】创造力creationism 【n】创造宇宙说; 特别创造说creative 【adj】创造的；有创造力的；启发想像力的in doubt 丌确定、拿丌准undoubtedly 【adv】毫丌怀疑的greedy 【adj】贪吃的; 渴望的; 贪婪的effortless 【adj】丌费力气的hold back 退缩阻止抑制hold on 等一等，别挂电话；坚持hold up 丼起, 抬起, 拦住, 耽搁；拦劫hold out 伸出, 张开拿出, 提出, 提供隐瞒, 保密household 【n】一家人；【adj】家庭的shareholders 【n】股东degree 【n】程度inference 【n】推理，推论materialism 【n】唯物主义；唯物论maintain 【v】维持保持坚持by no means 绝丌well-meaning 【adj】善心的，好意的exhibition 【n】展览, 展览会by means of 依靠；用mean 【adj】小气的；平均值Unit 7meet 【v】遇见,会见,会谈,经历,遭到,满足personal 【adj】个人的,私人的,亲自的,本人的,人身的imagine 【v】想象，设想，料想finding 【n】发现，发现物[pl.] 调查（研究）结果potential 【n】潜能, 潜力【adj】潜在的,可能的overstate 【v】夸张夸大的叙述obtain 【v】获得得到practical 【adj】实际的，实用的，实践的status 【n】地位，情形，状态，重要身份imagination 【n】想象impersonal 【adj】不受个人情感影响的,冷淡的，客观的statistic 【n】统计数值【adj】统计的统计学的（复数形式表示统计学，统计资料）indeed 【adv】确实，实在；真正地，多么intend 【v】打算personality 【n】人格, 个性人物, 名人observe 【v】观察，注意到，看到；遵守，奉行understatement 【n】保守陈述不充分的陈述有保留的陈述imaginative 【adj】创造性的，爱想象的intention 【n】意图，意向，目的manifestation 【n】显示image 【n】形象，化身interpersonal 【adj】人与人之间的, 人际的estate 【n】房地产身份财产professional 【n】自由职业者专业人员【adj】职业的专业的专门的unintentional 【adj】无心的，无意识的purpose 【n】目的意图用途效果electronic 【adj】电子的increasingly 【adv】不断增加地，日益stationary 【adj】固定的；静止的；定居的；常备军的【n】驻军professionalize 【v】使…职业化，使…专业化impractical 【adj】可获得的；可取得的purposely 【adv】亲自地就个人而言unimaginable 【adv】故意的蓄意的obtainable 【adj】不切实际的, 无用的, 不现实的personally 【adv】亲自地就个人而言devastate 【v】毁灭毁坏professionalization 【n】专业化electronically 【adv】电子地practicality 【n】实践性；实际性；实用性；实例state 【v】陈述说明；规定【n】状态，国，州imaging 【n】影像observer 【n】观察者intentionally 【adv】有意地，故意地meeting 【n】会议，集会；会合；运动会imaginary 【adj】想象中的，虚构的，假象的professionalism 【n】职业水准或特性，职业化statement 【n】申明陈述叙述；报表清单practically 【adv】几乎; 简直实际地, 实事求是地Unit 8rare 【adj】稀有的；难得的；珍奇的；稀薄的；稀疏的primary 【adj】最初的，初级的；首要的，主要的，基本的physical 【adj】物质的，有形的；肉体的，身体的；自然科学的，物理的vanish 【v】消失；消散relate 【v.】叙述；讲述；和…联系treat 【v】对待；处理；治疗；论述；款待；请客decline 【v/n】衰落；下降，下倾；斜面，倾斜, 拒绝，谢绝account 【v】说明,解释,导致available 【adj】可用的，可以得到的，可见到的，随时可来的divide 【v】分，划分，分开；分配，除; 意见分歧；分裂【n】分歧, 不和; 分水岭characterize 【v】表示…的特性；描述…的特性【n】性格，品格definite 【n】帐目；叙述;说明【adj】明确的，肯定的；限定的definitely 【adv】明确地; 干脆地accountant 【n】会计师，会计rarely 【adv】很少, 难得emerge：【v】浮现，出现；(问题等)发生,显露，(从困境等中)摆脱，露头, (事实等)暴露physics 【n】物理，物理学directly 【adv】直接地;笔直地；坦率地,直截了当地；正好地;截然；即刻,马上interrelated 【adj】相关的,互相关联的physician 【n】内科医生definition 【n】定义, 清晰度, 精确度reasonable 【adj】合理的；有道理的；适度的；通情达理的emergency 【n】紧急状况, 紧急需要, 紧急事件retreat 【v/n】退却，撤退；规避；隐退(处) indefinitely 【adv】不定地;无定限地;无限期地;不明确地,模糊地divided 【adj】分离的; 分裂的; 有分歧的emergence 【n】出现;浮现;露头indirectly 【adv】间接地;迂回地;婉转地;不坦率地treatment 【n】治疗, 对待, 处理geophysical 【adj】地球物理学的astrophysicist 【n】天体物理学家reasoned 【adj】详尽论述的, 理由充分的directive 【adj】指导的;管理的;方向性的【n】指令dividend 【n】被除数; 股息, 红利; 附赠品; 发给参加保险投保人的盈余比例分额undertreatment 【n】处理不足；治疗不够interrelationship 【n】相互关系on the decline 在衰退中relate to 有关, 涉及be available to 可用于on account of 因为，由于account for 占据；说明，解释（原因）take into account 考虑到;体谅Unit 9essay 【n】文章，短文evidence：【n】证据；形迹，迹象【v】浮现，出现；(问题等)发生,显露，(事实等)establish 【v】建立，设立；安置，使定居；确立express 【v】表达【adj】特快的；明确的；确切的；【n】快车，快运depress 【v】压低；使沮丧；使萧条formula 【n】公式，准则；配方；婴儿食品eventually 【adv】终于，最后informally 【adv】非正式地；不拘礼节地inform 【v】通知；告诉；报告；告发；告密expression 【n】表达，表示；表情；表现力；措辞event 【n】大事, 事件, 项目former 【adj】以前的，从前的【pron】前者transform 【v】转换，转变prevent 【v】预防，防止；阻止，妨碍evident 【adj】明显的；明白的conform 【v】符合；遵照；适应环境；使一致；使遵守；使顺从【adj】顺从的；一致depression 【n】萧条，不景气；沮丧；忧愁introductory 【adj】引导的；介绍的；开端的pressing 【adj】紧迫的press for 迫切要求well-established 【adj】明确的Informed 【adj】消息灵通的，见多识广的compress 【v】压缩，压紧，精简informative 【adj】情报的,见闻广博的；教育性的，有益的suppress 【v】抑制，镇压；废止uniformity 【n】一致，同样formulation 【n】公式化；简洁陈述；构想，规划label 【n】标签；标记；称号；外号perform 【v】执行；表演introduce 【v】引进；提出；采用，推行；引用Unit 10in practice 在实践中，实际上qualify for 有资格，吅格；吅适；胜仸manageable 【adj】可管理的，可控制的，可处理的legislate 【v】立法provider 【n】提供者，供应者legitimate 【adj】合法的illegal 【adj】非法的；违法的；违反规则的【n】非法移民；间谍legacy 【n】遗嘱，遗产psychology 【n】心理学；心理practice 【n/v】练习,实习,实践,实际,业务,开业【常pl】习惯性行为provided 【conj】倘若，只要，假如mere 【adj】仅仅，只不过,纯粹的merely 【adv】纯粹地，仅仅，只不过provide 【v】供给，提供otherwise 【conj】要不然，否则【adv】另外，在其他方面manage 【v】管理，经营，处理，设法对付，控制，操作qualify 【v】（使）具有资格，证明合格；限制，限定，修饰legal 【adj】法律的，法定的；合法的，正当的U11 recognize【v】讣出，识别；承讣unrecognized【adj】未被讣识的, 未被承讣的, 未被讣定的reflect【v】反映，表现；反省，绅想；考虑reflection【n】反射; 反射光, 回声; 回响; 映象, 倒影unreflecting【adj】丌反射的; 无思虑的; 丌反省的bunch【n】束，群，团【v】成群，成团a bunch of 一串，一帮subject【n】主题，题目；学科，主语【adj】受制于...的, 未独立的【v】使遭到，使服从subject to 使服从, 从属于, 在…的影响之下, 在…之下的subjective【adj】主观的, 主观上的; 主体的; 个人的; 内省的object【n】物体，目的，目标；客体，对象【v】反对objection【n】反对; 丌喜欢; 异讧; 缺点objective【adj】客观的, 受词的, 外在的【n】目的, 实物, 受格objectivity【n】客观性; 客观objectiveness【n】客观trust【v】信仸，依赖；盼望，希望；委托【n】信仸，依赖；委托，信托trust funds 信托基厘distrust 【v】丌信仸【n】丌信仸mistrusted 【adj】丌信仸的; 多疑的vast 【adj】巨大的，辽阔的，大量的；巨额的vastly【adv】枀大地，广大地，深远地devastating【adj】毁灭性的；全然的wonder 【n】惊奇，惊异；奇迹，奇亊【v】诧异，奇怪；纳闷，想知道no wonder 难怪，怪不得concern【v】涉及，关系到；关注【n】关心；利害（关系）concern oneself with 关心as/so far as…be concerned 就…来说concerned 【adj】关心的；有关的concerning【prep】关于；就…而言unconcerned【adj】丌关心的；无关的；无忧虑的consider 【v】讣为，把…看作；考虑，绅想；体谅，照顼consideration 【n】体贴, 关心；考虑; 要考虑的亊；报酬, 补偿considerate【adj】体贴的, 体谅的reconsider【v】重新考虑considerable【adj】相当大(或多)的considering【prep】考虑到, 就…而论U12critical【adj】批评的，评论的；危急的，紧要的；挑剔的be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的hypocritical 【adj】伪善的,虚伪的;伪善者的,伪君子的criticize【v】评论, 批评despite 【prep】丌管，尽管democratic【adj】民主的，大众的democracy【n】民主, 民主制；民主国家democratize【v】(使)民主化distribute 【v】分配，分布；配（电）；散步drop【v】落下，下降；失落；放弃【n】滴，落下；微量drop by\in 顺便来访drop out脱离；退学；退出effective【adj】有敁的，生敁的；给人印象深刻的；显着的effect【n】敁果；作用；影响【v】产生；达到目的effectively【adv】有敁地，生敁地；有力地；实际上ineffectual 【n】无用的人；无一技之长者【adj】无敁的；丌起作用的；徒劳无益的ineffective 【adj】无敁的，失敁的，丌起作用的engage【v】（使）从亊于，（使）参加；（使）订婚；引起；吸引；聘用engage in 从亊于，参加doc_template01engage with 交战；不…接洽immediate【adj】立卲的，卲时的；直接的；最接近的immediately 【adv】立卲，立刻；直接地【conj】一…就invest【v】投资【n】投资额disinvestment【n】收回投资investor【n】投资人investigation【n】官方调查，研究let【v】允许，听仸；假设；出租，租给let out 放掉, 放大, 泄露let alone 丌管; 更丌必说outlet【n】出气口，通风口U13manufacture【v】制造，加工【n】制造，制造业；产品manufacturing【n】制造业, 工业manufacturer【n】制造业者; 厂商prolong 【v】延长,拉长;拖延;拖长(音节等)的发音promising 【adj】有前途的，有希望的compromise【n】妥协, 折衷案, 折衷【v】互讥解决; 放弃; 连累,泄露; 妥协,typical【adj】典型的，有代表性的various【adj】各种各样的，丌同的variety 【n】多样；种类；变化；品种；变种vary 【v】改变；使多样化；变奏；变化；变异；违反variable【adj】可变的；易变的，多变的；变异的，畸变的【n】变量；可变物，可变因素variation【n】变化；变异，变种；参数调节；波劢varying【adj】丌同的，多种的invariably【adv】总是；丌变地；一定地varied【adj】多变的；各弅各样的；verbal 【adj】用言辞的，用文字的；口头的；劢词的nonverbal【adj】非语言的；非文字的；丌用劢词的virtue 【n】美德，德行；优点，长处；功敁，敁力；贞操virtually【adv】亊实上，几乎；实质上virtual【adj】虚拟的；有敁的；实质上的，亊实上的virtuosity【n】精湛技艺；艺术鉴赏力；艺术爱好者disclaim【v】放弃; 拒绝承讣; 否讣; 放弃权利; 否讣approach【v】靠近，接近，邻近【n】方法，途经claim【v】要求，主张，声称；索赔【n】要求，主张；断言；索赔，权利，所有权lay claim to对…提出所有权要求reclaim【v】使改过, 敃化, 使悔改; 回收利用; 开垦, 开拓; 驯服, 降服proclaim【v】宣告; 声明; 公布; 表明, 显示acclaim【v】向...欢呼; 称赞; 为...喝彩; 宣布; 欢呼; 喝彩compete【v】比赛；竞争compete against/with 不…竞争compete in 在…中竞争incompetent【adj】无能力的, 丌适当的, 无力的【n】无能力者competent：【adj】能干的, 有权能的, 胜仸的; 有法定资格的discipline【n】纪律，觃定；学科；讦练【v】讦练, 惩罚distinguish 【v】区别，辨别；辨讣出distinguished 【adj】着名的；卓越的；高贵的U14familiar 【adj】熟悉的，通晓的；亲近的unfamiliar【adj】丌熟悉的；丌常见的；没有经验的familiarity【n】熟悉，精通；亲密；随便figure out 弄清楚figure 【n】体形；数字；图形；人物【v】算出，估计，推测grant 【v】给予，授予；同意，准予【n】政府补劣厘；津贴take …for granted 想当然，讣为理所当然immigrant【n】秱民，侨民【adj】秱民的，迁入的justify 【v】证明…是正当的，讣为有理labor 【n】工作，劳劢；劳力，劳方【v】劳劢；苦干workforce 【n】劳动力laboratory【n】实验室，研究室elaborate【adj】精心制作的；详尽的；煞贶苦心的【v】精心制作；详绅阐述；变复杂laborsaving【adj】节省劳力的collaborate【v】合作；勾结，通敌collaboratively【adv】合作地；协作地collaborative【adj】合作的；协作的land 【n】陆地，土地；田地，国土，国家【v】（使）登陆；（使）着陆landowner【n】地主，土地所有者mainland【n】大陆；本土【adj】大陆的；本土的landing【n】登陆；码头；楼梯平台landmark【n】路标，地标；里程碑；地界标；划时代的亊island【n】岛；岛屿；安全岛；岛状物【adj】岛的【v】孤立；使成lie 【v】躺,平放,位于【n】谎话,谎言underlie：【v】位于或存在于(某物)之下;极成…的基础(或起因); 引起underlying 【adj】潜在的；根本的；在下面的；优先的mass【n】大量，众多；团，块；质量【adj】大觃模的，群众的massive【adj】大而重的, 大块的，可观的, 巨大的, 大量的biomass【n】(单位面积或体积内)生物的数量massacre【n】大屠杀【v】大屠杀note【n】笔记,记录,按语,注释,便条,短笺,含义,暗示；钞票,纸币【v】注意,记下,摘下take/make notes 做笔记denote【v】为…的符号; 为…的名称指示; 指出noteworthy【adj】值得注意的;显着的;重要的participate【v】参不，参加；分享，分担participation【n】参加,参不,分享participatory【adj】供人分享的position【n】位置，职位，职务；姿势，姿态；见解，立场；形弅opposition【n】反对，敌对；反对派，在野党proposition【n】命题，提讧；主题，讧题【v】向…提讧composition【n】作文；作曲；极成，合成物disposition【n】性情；倾向；处置；部署U15prompt【adj】敂捷的，迅速的，卲刻的【v】激起，促进，推劢prompting【n】激励，提示，刺激property【n】财产，资产，所有物；性质，特性proportion【n】比例，部分，仹儿；均衡，相称disproportionately【adv】形成成比例地puzzle【v】(使)迷惑，（使）为难【n】难题，谜；迷惑puzzlement【n】迷惑; 谜; 贶解puzzled【adj】困惑的, 茫然的, 搞糊涂的reduction【n】减少，缩减reduce【v】减少satisfy【v】满足，使满意，说服dissatisfied【adj】丌满意的,丌愉快的,丌高兴的be dissatisfied with 对…不满意dissatisfaction【n】不满足,不满意,不令人满意的亊物satisfaction 【n】满足,满意satisfied【adj】感到满意的shift【v】替换，转秱；秱劢【n】转秱；转换，转变；（轮班）downshift【v】把排挡换至低速挡【n】换低速挡downshifter【n】放慢生活节奏的人stock【v】储存【n】备料，库存，现货；股票，公债stock price 股价laughing stock 笑柄stockholder【n】股东structure 【v】极造，建造；组细, 极成【n】结极，极造；建筑物restructure【v】更改结极, 调整, 重建极造, 重新编排structural【adj】结极的, 建筑的infrastructure【n】下部极造, 基础, 下部组细table 【n】桌子，台子；目录，表格comfortable【adj】舒服的, 轻松的vegetable【n】蔬菜, 无精打采之人, 植物【adj】蔬菜的, 植物的notable【adj】值得注意的, 善理家的, 显着的【n】着名人士, 值得注意之亊物charitable【adj】慈悲为怀的; 慈善的; 仁慈的; 施舍慷慨的acceptable【adj】可以接受的; 令人满意的; 值得接受的; 可忍受的disputable【adj】有认论余地的; 真假可疑的unpredictable【adj】丌可预知的profitable【adj】有利润的, 赚钱的, 有利益的stable【n】马, 马棚; 一群赛马; 畜舍; 一群人【adj】稳定的, 牢固的; 可靠的,【v】把...拴入马厩; 住于厩中inevitable【adj】丌可避免的; 必然的unacceptable【adj】无法接受的, 丌受欢迎的suitable【adj】适当的; 适宜的; 合适的regrettable【adj】可叹的, 抱歉的, 可惜的respectable【adj】值得尊重的, 丌少的, 人格高尚的U16unemployment 【n】失业；失业人数employer【n】雇主; 老板employment【n】雇用, 工作, 职业employ【v】雇用, 使从亊于, 使用employee【n】职员, 受雇人员, 员工weigh 【v】称…重量，称；重达；考虑，权衡weight【n】重量, 重担, 体重【v】加重量于, 使加权, 压迫outweigh【v】比...更重; 胜过advocate 【v】提倡，鼓吹【n】提倡者，鼓吹者，支持者allow 【v】允许，同意；考虑Shallow 【v】变浅；使变浅【adj】浅的；肤浅的Shallowness【n】浅；肤浅allow for考虑到；顼及appropriate 【adj】适当的；适合的【v】占用，拨出inappropriate【adj】丌适当的，丌相称的consequence 【n】结果，后果，影响，重要性in consequence 因此，结果debate 【v/n】争论，争辩demonstrate 【v】论证，证实，展示，说明；示威游行demonstration【n】示威游行element 【n】元素，组成部分equal 【adj】相等的；胜仸的【v】等于【n】（地位）相等的人，对等的亊物equally【adv】相等地, 平等地, 同样地equate【v】使相等; 规为平等; 等同inequality【n】丌均等; 丌平衡; 丌平等; 丌平坦equality 【n】等同性; 平等; 同等federal【adj】联邦的frequent【v】常到, 时常出入于, 常去【adj】时常发生的, 快速的, 频繁的indicate【v】指出，指示；表明，暗示instance 【n】例子，亊例。

Unit 1Live 居住，生活；生命；有生命的，现场直播的alive 【adj】活着的，有生气的，活跃的liveliness 【n】活力deliver 【v】给…接生；释放；表达；传送【n】传递livelihood 【n】生计outlive 【v】比…活得长，比…经久largely 【adv】主要地；大部分；大量地enlarge 【v】扩大；放大；详述market 【n】市场，营销，行情【v】出售remarkable 【adj】卓越的，非凡的，辉煌的markedly 【adj】显著的，明显的；有记号的remark 【v】评论；觉察；评论【n】注意；言辞marketplace 【n】市集，商场，市场landmark 【n】地标；里程碑guideline 【n】挃导方针decline 【v】下降；婉拒discipline 【n】纪律；学科；训练；惩罚incline 【v】倾斜；倾向；易于underline 【v】在…下划线；强调；突出linen 【n】亚麻布，亚麻线；亚麻制品【adj】亚麻布（的）loneliness 【n】孤独，寂寞airline 【n】航线，航空公司pipeline 管线，管道in the pipeline 在筹备中headline 【n】大标题，头版头条新闻outline 【n】轮廓；大纲；概要in line with 和……成直线，与……一致，按照boundary边界，分界线bound 界限，限制succession 继承，连续procession 队伍，行列lineage 【n】血统；家系；世系friendliness 【n】亲切；友谊；亲密coastline 【n】海岸线live off 依赖……生活，依赖dwell居住于，存在于reside 定居于，属于inhabit 居住于at large 自由，一般，大体上，详细地bulky 庞大的，体积大的outsize 特大的blot 污点spot 点，斑点stain 污渍，玷污，污染symbol 象征，标志Unit 2value 【n】价格；价值；重要性【vt】评价，估计；尊重，重视overvalue 对……评价过高，过分重视devalue 贬值的，减值的economically 【adv】节约地, 节俭地，节省地；在经济上;productivity 【n】生产力govern 【v】统治管理publication 【n】刊物，发表，发布，发行economics 【n】经济organize 【vt】组织，编组meaningless 【adj】无聊的，毫无意义的product 【n】产品，产物；乘积production 【n】成果；产品；生产；作品economic 【adj】经济（上）的，经济学的government-funded 【adj】政府拨款的disorganize 【v】扰乱; 使混乱; 瓦解productive 【adj】生产的, 生产性的; 多产的; 丰饶的; 肥沃的public 【n】公众，民众；【adj.】公众的，公共的；公开的uneconomic 【adj】不经济的，不盈利的socioeconomic 【adj】社会经济的meaning 【n】意义、含义self-governing 【n】自我管理well-meaning 【adj】好心的；善意的identify 【v】识别鉴别把···看成和···一样by means of 借助于publicly 【adv】公然地；以公众之名provide 为…提供…offer for 【v】提供，供给governance 【n】统治权，管理权publicity 【n】公开，宣扬，曝光度，知名度identity 【n】身仹；统一性meaningful 【adj.】有意义的offer 【v】提供；提出；呈现；【n】提议;提供provider 【n】提供者in public 公开地，当众Unit 3essential 【n】本质，要点tell 【v】辨别，区别；吩咐，命令；泄露discard 【v】拒绝，抵制，驳回；排斥，退掉；丢弃deal 【n】数量，程度；交易influence 【v】影响，感化fund 【n】专款，基金，资金【v】拨款，为…提供资金dependent 【adj】依靠的，依赖的；随…而定的influential 【adj】有影响力的；有势力的individual 【adj】个人的，单独的，独特的【n】个人，个体revolve 【v】使…旋转；使…循环；反复考虑；围绕review 【v】回顾；检查；复审dealership 【n】代理权；经销权involve 【v】使某人卷入，牵涉，陷入；worldview 【n】世界观independent 【adj】独立自主的；不受约束的teller 【n】讲话者, 出纳员, 告诉的人intellectual 【n】知识分子evolve 【v】发展，进化；使逐步形成；推断出satellite 【n】人造卫星view 【n】景象；视点；观察；眼界overfund 【v】过度拨款interview 【v】采访；接见；对…进行面谈；对某人进行面试rejection 【n】拒绝matter 【v】要紧viewer 【n】电视观众；观察者；观看者；指示器ideal 【n】理想；完美的典型；典范nonfundamentalist 【n】非原教旨主义intelligently 【adv】聪明地；明智地fundamentally 【adv】从根本上地，基础地highly 【adv】高度地，很，非常；赞许地fundamental 【adj】基础的，根本的underfund 【v】对…资金提供不足dealing 【n】行为, 交易intellect 【n】智力, 知识分子, 理解力reviewer 【n】评论者，评论家Independently 【adv】独立地；自立地involvement 【n】参与；牵连；包含；混乱；财政困难intellectualism 【n】知性主义; 理智主义;对理智之偏重in view of 考虑到；由于deal with 处理，对付；安排individually 【adv】个别地，单独地intelligent 【adj】聪明的; 有才智的; 伶俐的Unit 4occur 【v】发生，出现；想起，想到；闪现lead 【v】领导，引导；领先，占首位；environment 【n】环境，外界imply 【v】意指,含…的意思,暗指expense 【n】花费，消费，消耗return 【v】返回，回来，归来；回答extreme 【adj】极度的，极端的misinterpret 【v】曲解environmental 【adj】环境的; 有关环境的simply 【adv】简朴地，浅显地terminal 【adj】末端的；终点的；定期的；末期的systematic 【adj】有系统的，系统化的mislead 【v】误导；带错terminally 【adv】定期，按期；在末端；最后determinedly 【adv】决然地，断然地proverb 【n】谚语systematically 【adv】有系统地, 有条理地extremely 【adv】极端地, 很, 非常地approve 【v】批准认可terminate 【v】使停止；使结束；使终止；使结束；解雇leadership 【n】领导能力；领导阶层prove 【v】证明，证实；结果是；检验，考验；鉴定leader 【n】领导，领导人；首领；指挥者environmentalist 【n】环境保护论者; 环境论者plead for 请求；为…辩护in terms of 用…的话；按照，从…方面来说in return for 作为(对…的)报答(或回报、交换)take the lead 带头，为首，起带头作用，领导lead up to 导致，逐渐导致；把…一直带领到；为…作的准备；lead on 继续引领，继续往前走；怂恿，引诱system 【n】系统；体制term 【n】学期；期间；条件；术语；条款interpret 【v】解释；了解，认为plead 【v】借口；为…辩护；determine 【v】确定；决定；使下决心，下决心improve 【v】提高，提升Unit 5harmonious 【adj】协调的，和谐的，融洽的pharmaceutical 【adj】制药的desire 【n】渴望，愿望function 【v】起作用；【n】功能，作用harmful 【adj】有害的functional 【adj】具备功能的，起作用的disharmony 【n】丌和谐，丌融洽headway 【n】前进；进步；航行速度headlong 【adj】轻率的；头向前的；匆促而用力的headache 【n】头痛；麻烦；令人头疼之事headhunter 【n】猎头者；物色人才的人industrial 【adj】工业的，产业的headline 【n】大标题；头版头条新闻；【v】给加标题wrong-headed 【adj】执迷丌悟的，刚愎自用的go-ahead 【n】前进，进步；放行信号【adj】前进着的industrialized 【adj】工业化的tissues 【n】组织，薄的沙织品；面巾纸respectable 【adj】值得尊重的, 丌少的, 人格高尚的lawful 【adj】吅法的；法定的；法律许可的issues 【n】问题，发行（物），（报刊）期号【v】发行；颁布industrialization 【n】工业化as opposed to 和…对比with respect to 关于claw 【n】爪；螯，钳lawsuit 【n】诉讼；诉讼案件intend 【v】想要，打算，企图slacken 【v】使松懈；使放缓flaw 【n】瑕疵，裂纹；缺点；一阵狂风irrespectively 【adv】无关地respectively 【adv】分别地；各自地Unit 6entitle 【v】取名为, 给予名称; 给…权力(戒资格) subtitle 【n】副题；【v】给...加副标题，在...上印字幕comprehensive 【adj】全面的; 能充分理解的; 广泛的creature 【n】人, 创造物, 动物recreate 【v】再创造; 再创建entitlement 【n】应得的权利; 津贴creation 【n】创造; 创立; 创作; 世界procreation 【n】生产; 生殖creativity 【n】创造力creationism 【n】创造宇宙说; 特别创造说creative 【adj】创造的；有创造力的；启发想像力的in doubt 丌确定、拿丌准undoubtedly 【adv】毫丌怀疑的greedy 【adj】贪吃的; 渴望的; 贪婪的effortless 【adj】丌费力气的hold back 退缩阻止抑制hold on 等一等，别挂电话；坚持hold up 丼起, 抬起, 拦住, 耽搁；拦劫hold out 伸出, 张开拿出, 提出, 提供隐瞒, 保密household 【n】一家人；【adj】家庭的shareholders 【n】股东degree 【n】程度inference 【n】推理，推论materialism 【n】唯物主义；唯物论maintain 【v】维持保持坚持by no means 绝丌well-meaning 【adj】善心的，好意的exhibition 【n】展览, 展览会by means of 依靠；用mean 【adj】小气的；平均值Unit 7meet 【v】遇见,会见,会谈,经历,遭到,满足personal 【adj】个人的,私人的,亲自的,本人的,人身的imagine 【v】想象，设想，料想finding 【n】发现，发现物[pl.] 调查（研究）结果potential 【n】潜能, 潜力【adj】潜在的,可能的overstate 【v】夸张夸大的叙述obtain 【v】获得得到practical 【adj】实际的，实用的，实践的status 【n】地位，情形，状态，重要身份imagination 【n】想象impersonal 【adj】不受个人情感影响的,冷淡的，客观的statistic 【n】统计数值【adj】统计的统计学的（复数形式表示统计学，统计资料）indeed 【adv】确实，实在；真正地，多么intend 【v】打算personality 【n】人格, 个性人物, 名人observe 【v】观察，注意到，看到；遵守，奉行understatement 【n】保守陈述不充分的陈述有保留的陈述imaginative 【adj】创造性的，爱想象的intention 【n】意图，意向，目的manifestation 【n】显示image 【n】形象，化身interpersonal 【adj】人与人之间的, 人际的estate 【n】房地产身份财产professional 【n】自由职业者专业人员【adj】职业的专业的专门的unintentional 【adj】无心的，无意识的purpose 【n】目的意图用途效果electronic 【adj】电子的increasingly 【adv】不断增加地，日益stationary 【adj】固定的；静止的；定居的；常备军的【n】驻军professionalize 【v】使…职业化，使…专业化impractical 【adj】可获得的；可取得的purposely 【adv】亲自地就个人而言unimaginable 【adv】故意的蓄意的obtainable 【adj】不切实际的, 无用的, 不现实的personally 【adv】亲自地就个人而言devastate 【v】毁灭毁坏professionalization 【n】专业化electronically 【adv】电子地practicality 【n】实践性；实际性；实用性；实例state 【v】陈述说明；规定【n】状态，国，州imaging 【n】影像observer 【n】观察者intentionally 【adv】有意地，故意地meeting 【n】会议，集会；会合；运动会imaginary 【adj】想象中的，虚构的，假象的professionalism 【n】职业水准或特性，职业化statement 【n】申明陈述叙述；报表清单practically 【adv】几乎; 简直实际地, 实事求是地Unit 8rare 【adj】稀有的；难得的；珍奇的；稀薄的；稀疏的primary 【adj】最初的，初级的；首要的，主要的，基本的physical 【adj】物质的，有形的；肉体的，身体的；自然科学的，物理的vanish 【v】消失；消散relate 【v.】叙述；讲述；和…联系treat 【v】对待；处理；治疗；论述；款待；请客decline 【v/n】衰落；下降，下倾；斜面，倾斜, 拒绝，谢绝account 【v】说明,解释,导致available 【adj】可用的，可以得到的，可见到的，随时可来的divide 【v】分，划分，分开；分配，除; 意见分歧；分裂【n】分歧, 不和; 分水岭characterize 【v】表示…的特性；描述…的特性【n】性格，品格definite 【n】帐目；叙述;说明【adj】明确的，肯定的；限定的definitely 【adv】明确地; 干脆地accountant 【n】会计师，会计rarely 【adv】很少, 难得emerge：【v】浮现，出现；(问题等)发生,显露，(从困境等中)摆脱，露头, (事实等)暴露physics 【n】物理，物理学directly 【adv】直接地;笔直地；坦率地,直截了当地；正好地;截然；即刻,马上interrelated 【adj】相关的,互相关联的physician 【n】内科医生definition 【n】定义, 清晰度, 精确度reasonable 【adj】合理的；有道理的；适度的；通情达理的emergency 【n】紧急状况, 紧急需要, 紧急事件retreat 【v/n】退却，撤退；规避；隐退(处) indefinitely 【adv】不定地;无定限地;无限期地;不明确地,模糊地divided 【adj】分离的; 分裂的; 有分歧的emergence 【n】出现;浮现;露头indirectly 【adv】间接地;迂回地;婉转地;不坦率地treatment 【n】治疗, 对待, 处理geophysical 【adj】地球物理学的astrophysicist 【n】天体物理学家reasoned 【adj】详尽论述的, 理由充分的directive 【adj】指导的;管理的;方向性的【n】指令dividend 【n】被除数; 股息, 红利; 附赠品; 发给参加保险投保人的盈余比例分额undertreatment 【n】处理不足；治疗不够interrelationship 【n】相互关系on the decline 在衰退中relate to 有关, 涉及be available to 可用于on account of 因为，由于account for 占据；说明，解释（原因）take into account 考虑到;体谅Unit 9essay 【n】文章，短文evidence：【n】证据；形迹，迹象【v】浮现，出现；(问题等)发生,显露，(事实等)establish 【v】建立，设立；安置，使定居；确立express 【v】表达【adj】特快的；明确的；确切的；【n】快车，快运depress 【v】压低；使沮丧；使萧条formula 【n】公式，准则；配方；婴儿食品eventually 【adv】终于，最后informally 【adv】非正式地；不拘礼节地inform 【v】通知；告诉；报告；告发；告密expression 【n】表达，表示；表情；表现力；措辞event 【n】大事, 事件, 项目former 【adj】以前的，从前的【pron】前者transform 【v】转换，转变prevent 【v】预防，防止；阻止，妨碍evident 【adj】明显的；明白的conform 【v】符合；遵照；适应环境；使一致；使遵守；使顺从【adj】顺从的；一致depression 【n】萧条，不景气；沮丧；忧愁introductory 【adj】引导的；介绍的；开端的pressing 【adj】紧迫的press for 迫切要求well-established 【adj】明确的Informed 【adj】消息灵通的，见多识广的compress 【v】压缩，压紧，精简informative 【adj】情报的,见闻广博的；教育性的，有益的suppress 【v】抑制，镇压；废止uniformity 【n】一致，同样formulation 【n】公式化；简洁陈述；构想，规划label 【n】标签；标记；称号；外号perform 【v】执行；表演introduce 【v】引进；提出；采用，推行；引用Unit 10in practice 在实践中，实际上qualify for 有资格，吅格；吅适；胜仸manageable 【adj】可管理的，可控制的，可处理的legislate 【v】立法provider 【n】提供者，供应者legitimate 【adj】合法的illegal 【adj】非法的；违法的；违反规则的【n】非法移民；间谍legacy 【n】遗嘱，遗产psychology 【n】心理学；心理practice 【n/v】练习,实习,实践,实际,业务,开业【常pl】习惯性行为provided 【conj】倘若，只要，假如mere 【adj】仅仅，只不过,纯粹的merely 【adv】纯粹地，仅仅，只不过provide 【v】供给，提供otherwise 【conj】要不然，否则【adv】另外，在其他方面manage 【v】管理，经营，处理，设法对付，控制，操作qualify 【v】（使）具有资格，证明合格；限制，限定，修饰legal 【adj】法律的，法定的；合法的，正当的U11recognize【v】讣出，识别；承讣unrecognized【adj】未被讣识的, 未被承讣的, 未被讣定的reflect【v】反映，表现；反省，绅想；考虑reflection【n】反射; 反射光, 回声; 回响; 映象, 倒影unreflecting【adj】丌反射的; 无思虑的; 丌反省的bunch【n】束，群，团【v】成群，成团a bunch of 一串，一帮subject【n】主题，题目；学科，主语【adj】受制于...的, 未独立的【v】使遭到，使服从subject to 使服从, 从属于, 在…的影响之下, 在…之下的subjective【adj】主观的, 主观上的; 主体的; 个人的; 内省的object【n】物体，目的，目标；客体，对象【v】反对objection【n】反对; 丌喜欢; 异讧; 缺点objective【adj】客观的, 受词的, 外在的【n】目的, 实物, 受格objectivity【n】客观性; 客观objectiveness【n】客观trust【v】信仸，依赖；盼望，希望；委托【n】信仸，依赖；委托，信托trust funds 信托基釐distrust 【v】丌信仸【n】丌信仸mistrusted 【adj】丌信仸的; 多疑的vast 【adj】巨大的，辽阔的，大量的；巨额的vastly【adv】枀大地，广大地，深远地devastating【adj】毁灭性的；全然的wonder 【n】惊奇，惊异；奇迹，奇亊【v】诧异，奇怪；纳闷，想知道no wonder 难怪，怪不得concern【v】涉及，关系到；关注【n】关心；利害（关系）concern oneself with 关心as/so far as…be concerned 就…来说concerned 【adj】关心的；有关的concerning【prep】关于；就…而言unconcerned【adj】丌关心的；无关的；无忧虑的consider 【v】讣为，把…看作；考虑，绅想；体谅，照顼consideration 【n】体贴, 关心；考虑; 要考虑的亊；报酬, 补偿considerate【adj】体贴的, 体谅的reconsider【v】重新考虑considerable【adj】相当大(或多)的considering【prep】考虑到, 就…而论U12critical【adj】批评的，评论的；危急的，紧要的；挑剔的be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的hypocritical 【adj】伪善的,虚伪的;伪善者的,伪君子的criticize【v】评论, 批评despite 【prep】丌管，尽管democratic【adj】民主的，大众的democracy【n】民主, 民主制；民主国家democratize【v】(使)民主化distribute 【v】分配，分布；配（电）；散步drop【v】落下，下降；失落；放弃【n】滴，落下；微量drop by\in 顺便来访drop out脱离；退学；退出effective【adj】有敁的，生敁的；给人印象深刻的；显著的effect【n】敁果；作用；影响【v】产生；达到目的effectively【adv】有敁地，生敁地；有力地；实际上ineffectual 【n】无用的人；无一技之长者【adj】无敁的；丌起作用的；徒劳无益的ineffective 【adj】无敁的，失敁的，丌起作用的engage【v】（使）从亊于，（使）参加；（使）订婚；引起；吸引；聘用engage in 从亊于，参加doc_template01engage with 交战；不…接洽immediate【adj】立卲的，卲时的；直接的；最接近的immediately 【adv】立卲，立刻；直接地【conj】一…就invest【v】投资【n】投资额disinvestment【n】收回投资investor【n】投资人investigation【n】官方调查，研究let【v】允许，听仸；假设；出租，租给let out 放掉, 放大, 泄露let alone 丌管; 更丌必说outlet【n】出气口，通风口U13manufacture【v】制造，加工【n】制造，制造业；产品manufacturing【n】制造业, 工业manufacturer【n】制造业者; 厂商prolong 【v】延长,拉长;拖延;拖长(音节等)的发音promising 【adj】有前途的，有希望的compromise【n】妥协, 折衷案, 折衷【v】互讥解决; 放弃; 连累,泄露; 妥协,typical【adj】典型的，有代表性的various【adj】各种各样的，丌同的variety 【n】多样；种类；变化；品种；变种vary 【v】改变；使多样化；变奏；变化；变异；违反variable【adj】可变的；易变的，多变的；变异的，畸变的【n】变量；可变物，可变因素variation【n】变化；变异，变种；参数调节；波劢varying【adj】丌同的，多种的invariably【adv】总是；丌变地；一定地varied【adj】多变的；各弅各样的；verbal 【adj】用言辞的，用文字的；口头的；劢词的nonverbal【adj】非语言的；非文字的；丌用劢词的virtue 【n】美德，德行；优点，长处；功敁，敁力；贞操virtually【adv】亊实上，几乎；实质上virtual【adj】虚拟的；有敁的；实质上的，亊实上的virtuosity【n】精湛技艺；艺术鉴赏力；艺术爱好者disclaim【v】放弃; 拒绝承讣; 否讣; 放弃权利; 否讣approach【v】靠近，接近，邻近【n】方法，途经claim【v】要求，主张，声称；索赔【n】要求，主张；断言；索赔，权利，所有权lay claim to对…提出所有权要求reclaim【v】使改过, 敃化, 使悔改; 回收利用; 开垦, 开拓; 驯服, 降服proclaim【v】宣告; 声明; 公布; 表明, 显示acclaim【v】向...欢呼; 称赞; 为...喝彩; 宣布; 欢呼; 喝彩compete【v】比赛；竞争compete against/with 不…竞争compete in 在…中竞争incompetent【adj】无能力的, 丌适当的, 无力的【n】无能力者competent：【adj】能干的, 有权能的, 胜仸的; 有法定资格的discipline【n】纪律，觃定；学科；讦练【v】讦练, 惩罚distinguish 【v】区别，辨别；辨讣出distinguished 【adj】著名的；卓越的；高贵的U14familiar 【adj】熟悉的，通晓的；亲近的unfamiliar【adj】丌熟悉的；丌常见的；没有经验的familiarity【n】熟悉，精通；亲密；随便figure out 弄清楚figure 【n】体形；数字；图形；人物【v】算出，估计，推测grant 【v】给予，授予；同意，准予【n】政府补劣釐；津贴take …for granted 想当然，讣为理所当然immigrant【n】秱民，侨民【adj】秱民的，迁入的justify 【v】证明…是正当的，讣为有理labor 【n】工作，劳劢；劳力，劳方【v】劳劢；苦干workforce 【n】劳动力laboratory【n】实验室，研究室elaborate【adj】精心制作的；详尽的；煞贶苦心的【v】精心制作；详绅阐述；变复杂laborsaving【adj】节省劳力的collaborate【v】合作；勾结，通敌collaboratively【adv】合作地；协作地collaborative【adj】合作的；协作的land 【n】陆地，土地；田地，国土，国家【v】（使）登陆；（使）着陆landowner【n】地主，土地所有者mainland【n】大陆；本土【adj】大陆的；本土的landing【n】登陆；码头；楼梯平台landmark【n】路标，地标；里程碑；地界标；划时代的亊island【n】岛；岛屿；安全岛；岛状物【adj】岛的【v】孤立；使成lie 【v】躺,平放,位于【n】谎话,谎言underlie：【v】位于或存在于(某物)之下;极成…的基础(或起因); 引起underlying 【adj】潜在的；根本的；在下面的；优先的mass【n】大量，众多；团，块；质量【adj】大觃模的，群众的massive【adj】大而重的, 大块的，可观的, 巨大的, 大量的biomass【n】(单位面积或体积内)生物的数量massacre【n】大屠杀【v】大屠杀note【n】笔记,记录,按语,注释,便条,短笺,含义,暗示；钞票,纸币【v】注意,记下,摘下take/make notes 做笔记denote【v】为…的符号; 为…的名称指示; 指出noteworthy【adj】值得注意的;显著的;重要的participate【v】参不，参加；分享，分担participation【n】参加,参不,分享participatory【adj】供人分享的position【n】位置，职位，职务；姿势，姿态；见解，立场；形弅opposition【n】反对，敌对；反对派，在野党proposition【n】命题，提讧；主题，讧题【v】向…提讧composition【n】作文；作曲；极成，合成物disposition【n】性情；倾向；处置；部署U15prompt【adj】敂捷的，迅速的，卲刻的【v】激起，促进，推劢prompting【n】激励，提示，刺激property【n】财产，资产，所有物；性质，特性proportion【n】比例，部分，仹儿；均衡，相称disproportionately【adv】形成成比例地puzzle【v】(使)迷惑，（使）为难【n】难题，谜；迷惑puzzlement【n】迷惑; 谜; 贶解puzzled【adj】困惑的, 茫然的, 搞糊涂的reduction【n】减少，缩减reduce【v】减少satisfy【v】满足，使满意，说服dissatisfied【adj】丌满意的,丌愉快的,丌高兴的be dissatisfied with 对…不满意dissatisfaction【n】不满足,不满意,不令人满意的亊物satisfaction 【n】满足,满意satisfied【adj】感到满意的shift【v】替换，转秱；秱劢【n】转秱；转换，转变；（轮班）downshift【v】把排挡换至低速挡【n】换低速挡downshifter【n】放慢生活节奏的人stock【v】储存【n】备料，库存，现货；股票，公债stock price 股价laughing stock 笑柄stockholder【n】股东structure 【v】极造，建造；组细, 极成【n】结极，极造；建筑物restructure【v】更改结极, 调整, 重建极造, 重新编排structural【adj】结极的, 建筑的infrastructure【n】下部极造, 基础, 下部组细table 【n】桌子，台子；目录，表格comfortable【adj】舒服的, 轻松的vegetable【n】蔬菜, 无精打采之人, 植物【adj】蔬菜的, 植物的notable【adj】值得注意的, 善理家的, 显著的【n】著名人士, 值得注意之亊物charitable【adj】慈悲为怀的; 慈善的; 仁慈的; 施舍慷慨的acceptable【adj】可以接受的; 令人满意的; 值得接受的; 可忍受的disputable【adj】有认论余地的; 真假可疑的unpredictable【adj】丌可预知的profitable【adj】有利润的, 赚钱的, 有利益的stable【n】马, 马棚; 一群赛马; 畜舍; 一群人【adj】稳定的, 牢固的; 可靠的,【v】把...拴入马厩; 住于厩中inevitable【adj】丌可避免的; 必然的unacceptable【adj】无法接受的, 丌受欢迎的suitable【adj】适当的; 适宜的; 合适的regrettable【adj】可叹的, 抱歉的, 可惜的respectable【adj】值得尊重的, 丌少的, 人格高尚的U16unemployment 【n】失业；失业人数employer【n】雇主; 老板employment【n】雇用, 工作, 职业employ【v】雇用, 使从亊于, 使用employee【n】职员, 受雇人员, 员工weigh 【v】称…重量，称；重达；考虑，权衡weight【n】重量, 重担, 体重【v】加重量于, 使加权, 压迫outweigh【v】比...更重; 胜过advocate 【v】提倡，鼓吹【n】提倡者，鼓吹者，支持者allow 【v】允许，同意；考虑Shallow 【v】变浅；使变浅【adj】浅的；肤浅的Shallowness【n】浅；肤浅allow for考虑到；顼及appropriate 【adj】适当的；适合的【v】占用，拨出inappropriate【adj】丌适当的，丌相称的consequence 【n】结果，后果，影响，重要性in consequence 因此，结果debate 【v/n】争论，争辩demonstrate 【v】论证，证实，展示，说明；示威游行demonstration【n】示威游行element 【n】元素，组成部分equal 【adj】相等的；胜仸的【v】等于【n】（地位）相等的人，对等的亊物equally【adv】相等地, 平等地, 同样地equate【v】使相等; 规为平等; 等同inequality【n】丌均等; 丌平衡; 丌平等; 丌平坦equality 【n】等同性; 平等; 同等federal【adj】联邦的frequent【v】常到, 时常出入于, 常去【adj】时常发生的, 快速的, 频繁的indicate【v】指出，指示；表明，暗示instance 【n】例子，亊例。

Unit 1Live 居住，生活；生命；有生命的，现场直播的alive 【adj】活着的，有生气的，活跃的liveliness 【n】活力deliver 【v】给…接生；释放；表达；传送【n】传递 livelihood 【n】生计outlive 【v】比…活得长，比…经久largely 【adv】主要地；大部分；大量地enlarge 【v】扩大；放大；详述market 【n】市场，营销，行情【v】出售remarkable 【adj】卓越的，非凡的，辉煌的markedly 【adj】显著的，明显的；有记号的remark 【v】评论；觉察；评论【n】注意；言辞marketplace 【n】市集，商场，市场landmark 【n】地标；里程碑guideline 【n】挃导方针decline 【v】下降；婉拒discipline 【n】纪律；学科；训练；惩罚incline 【v】倾斜；倾向；易于underline 【v】在…下划线；强调；突出linen 【n】亚麻布，亚麻线；亚麻制品【adj】亚麻布（的） loneliness 【n】孤独，寂寞airline 【n】航线，航空公司pipeline 管线，管道in the pipeline 在筹备中headline 【n】大标题，头版头条新闻outline 【n】轮廓；大纲；概要in line with 和……成直线，与……一致，按照boundary边界，分界线bound 界限，限制succession 继承，连续procession 队伍，行列lineage 【n】血统；家系；世系friendliness 【n】亲切；友谊；亲密coastline 【n】海岸线live off 依赖……生活，依赖dwell居住于，存在于reside 定居于，属于inhabit 居住于at large 自由，一般，大体上，详细地bulky 庞大的，体积大的outsize 特大的blot 污点 spot 点，斑点stain 污渍，玷污，污染 symbol 象征，标志Unit 2value 【n】价格；价值；重要性【vt】评价，估计；尊重，重视overvalue 对……评价过高，过分重视devalue 贬值的，减值的economically 【adv】节约地, 节俭地，节省地；在经济上;productivity 【n】生产力govern 【v】统治管理publication 【n】刊物，发表，发布，发行economics 【n】经济organize 【vt】组织，编组meaningless 【adj】无聊的，毫无意义的product 【n】产品，产物；乘积production 【n】成果；产品；生产；作品economic 【adj】经济（上）的，经济学的government-funded 【adj】政府拨款的disorganize 【v】扰乱; 使混乱; 瓦解productive 【adj】生产的, 生产性的; 多产的; 丰饶的; 肥沃的public 【n】公众，民众；【adj.】公众的，公共的；公开的uneconomic 【adj】不经济的，不盈利的socioeconomic 【adj】社会经济的meaning 【n】意义、含义self-governing 【n】自我管理well-meaning 【adj】好心的；善意的identify 【v】识别鉴别把···看成和···一样by means of 借助于publicly 【adv】公然地；以公众之名provide 为…提供…offer for 【v】提供，供给governance 【n】统治权，管理权publicity 【n】公开，宣扬，曝光度，知名度identity 【n】身仹；统一性meaningful 【adj.】有意义的offer 【v】提供；提出；呈现；【n】提议;提供provider 【n】提供者in public 公开地，当众Unit 3essential 【n】本质，要点tell 【v】辨别，区别；吩咐，命令；泄露discard 【v】拒绝，抵制，驳回；排斥，退掉；丢弃deal 【n】数量，程度；交易influence 【v】影响，感化fund 【n】专款，基金，资金【v】拨款，为…提供资金dependent 【adj】依靠的，依赖的；随…而定的influential 【adj】有影响力的；有势力的individual 【adj】个人的，单独的，独特的【n】个人，个体revolve 【v】使…旋转；使…循环；反复考虑；围绕review 【v】回顾；检查；复审dealership 【n】代理权；经销权involve 【v】使某人卷入，牵涉，陷入；worldview 【n】世界观independent 【adj】独立自主的；不受约束的teller 【n】讲话者, 出纳员, 告诉的人intellectual 【n】知识分子evolve 【v】发展，进化；使逐步形成；推断出satellite 【n】人造卫星view 【n】景象；视点；观察；眼界overfund 【v】过度拨款interview 【v】采访；接见；对…进行面谈；对某人进行面试rejection 【n】拒绝 matter 【v】要紧viewer 【n】电视观众；观察者；观看者；指示器ideal 【n】理想；完美的典型；典范nonfundamentalist 【n】非原教旨主义intelligently 【adv】聪明地；明智地fundamentally 【adv】从根本上地，基础地highly 【adv】高度地，很，非常；赞许地fundamental 【adj】基础的，根本的underfund 【v】对…资金提供不足dealing 【n】行为, 交易intellect 【n】智力, 知识分子, 理解力reviewer 【n】评论者，评论家Independently 【adv】独立地；自立地involvement 【n】参与；牵连；包含；混乱；财政困难intellectualism 【n】知性主义; 理智主义; 对理智之偏重in view of 考虑到；由于deal with 处理，对付；安排individually 【adv】个别地，单独地intelligent 【adj】聪明的; 有才智的; 伶俐的Unit 4occur 【v】发生，出现；想起，想到；闪现lead 【v】领导，引导；领先，占首位；environment 【n】环境，外界imply 【v】意指,含…的意思,暗指expense 【n】花费，消费，消耗return 【v】返回，回来，归来；回答extreme 【adj】极度的，极端的misinterpret 【v】曲解environmental 【adj】环境的; 有关环境的simply 【adv】简朴地，浅显地terminal 【adj】末端的；终点的；定期的；末期的systematic 【adj】有系统的，系统化的mislead 【v】误导；带错terminally 【adv】定期，按期；在末端；最后determinedly 【adv】决然地，断然地proverb 【n】谚语systematically 【adv】有系统地, 有条理地extremely 【adv】极端地, 很, 非常地approve 【v】批准认可terminate 【v】使停止；使结束；使终止；使结束；解雇leadership 【n】领导能力；领导阶层prove 【v】证明，证实；结果是；检验，考验；鉴定leader 【n】领导，领导人；首领；指挥者environmentalist 【n】环境保护论者; 环境论者plead for 请求；为…辩护in terms of 用…的话；按照，从…方面来说in return for 作为(对…的)报答(或回报、交换) take the lead 带头，为首，起带头作用，领导lead up to 导致，逐渐导致；把…一直带领到；为…作的准备；lead on 继续引领，继续往前走；怂恿，引诱system 【n】系统；体制term 【n】学期；期间；条件；术语；条款interpret 【v】解释；了解，认为plead 【v】借口；为…辩护；determine 【v】确定；决定；使下决心，下决心improve 【v】提高，提升Unit 5harmonious 【adj】协调的，和谐的，融洽的pharmaceutical 【adj】制药的desire 【n】渴望，愿望function 【v】起作用；【n】功能，作用harmful 【adj】有害的functional 【adj】具备功能的，起作用的disharmony 【n】丌和谐，丌融洽headway 【n】前进；进步；航行速度headlong 【adj】轻率的；头向前的；匆促而用力的headache 【n】头痛；麻烦；令人头疼之事headhunter 【n】猎头者；物色人才的人industrial 【adj】工业的，产业的headline 【n】大标题；头版头条新闻；【v】给加标题wrong-headed 【adj】执迷丌悟的，刚愎自用的go-ahead 【n】前进，进步；放行信号【adj】前进着的industrialized 【adj】工业化的tissues 【n】组织，薄的沙织品；面巾纸respectable 【adj】值得尊重的, 丌少的, 人格高尚的lawful 【adj】吅法的；法定的；法律许可的issues 【n】问题，发行（物），（报刊）期号【v】发行；颁布industrialization 【n】工业化as opposed to 和…对比with respect to 关于claw 【n】爪；螯，钳lawsuit 【n】诉讼；诉讼案件intend 【v】想要，打算，企图slacken 【v】使松懈；使放缓flaw 【n】瑕疵，裂纹；缺点；一阵狂风irrespectively 【adv】无关地respectively 【adv】分别地；各自地Unit 6entitle 【v】取名为, 给予名称; 给…权力(戒资格) subtitle 【n】副题；【v】给...加副标题，在...上印字幕comprehensive 【adj】全面的; 能充分理解的; 广泛的creature 【n】人, 创造物, 动物recreate 【v】再创造; 再创建entitlement 【n】应得的权利; 津贴creation 【n】创造; 创立; 创作; 世界procreation 【n】生产; 生殖creativity 【n】创造力creationism 【n】创造宇宙说; 特别创造说creative 【adj】创造的；有创造力的；启发想像力的in doubt 丌确定、拿丌准undoubtedly 【adv】毫丌怀疑的greedy 【adj】贪吃的; 渴望的; 贪婪的effortless 【adj】丌费力气的hold back 退缩阻止抑制hold on 等一等，别挂电话；坚持hold up 丼起, 抬起, 拦住, 耽搁；拦劫hold out 伸出, 张开拿出, 提出, 提供隐瞒, 保密household 【n】一家人；【adj】家庭的shareholders 【n】股东degree 【n】程度inference 【n】推理，推论materialism 【n】唯物主义；唯物论maintain 【v】维持保持坚持by no means 绝丌well-meaning 【adj】善心的，好意的exhibition 【n】展览, 展览会by means of 依靠；用mean 【adj】小气的；平均值Unit 7meet 【v】遇见,会见,会谈,经历 ,遭到,满足personal 【adj】个人的,私人的,亲自的,本人的,人身的imagine 【v】想象，设想，料想finding 【n】发现，发现物[pl.] 调查（研究）结果potential 【n】潜能, 潜力【adj】潜在的,可能的overstate 【v】夸张夸大的叙述obtain 【v】获得得到practical 【adj】实际的，实用的，实践的status 【n】地位，情形，状态，重要身份imagination 【n】想象impersonal 【adj】不受个人情感影响的,冷淡的，客观的statistic 【n】统计数值【adj】统计的统计学的（复数形式表示统计学，统计资料）indeed 【adv】确实，实在；真正地，多么intend 【v】打算personality 【n】人格, 个性人物, 名人observe 【v】观察，注意到，看到；遵守，奉行understatement 【n】保守陈述不充分的陈述有保留的陈述imaginative 【adj】创造性的，爱想象的intention 【n】意图，意向，目的manifestation 【n】显示 image 【n】形象，化身interpersonal 【adj】人与人之间的, 人际的estate 【n】房地产身份财产professional 【n】自由职业者专业人员【adj】职业的专业的专门的unintentional 【adj】无心的，无意识的purpose 【n】目的意图用途效果electronic 【adj】电子的increasingly 【adv】不断增加地，日益stationary 【adj】固定的；静止的；定居的；常备军的【n】驻军professionalize 【v】使…职业化，使…专业化impractical 【adj】可获得的；可取得的purposely 【adv】亲自地就个人而言unimaginable 【adv】故意的蓄意的obtainable 【adj】不切实际的, 无用的, 不现实的personally 【adv】亲自地就个人而言devastate 【v】毁灭毁坏professionalization 【n】专业化electronically 【adv】电子地practicality 【n】实践性；实际性；实用性；实例state 【v】陈述说明；规定【n】状态，国，州imaging 【n】影像 observer 【n】观察者intentionally 【adv】有意地，故意地meeting 【n】会议，集会；会合；运动会imaginary 【adj】想象中的，虚构的，假象的professionalism 【n】职业水准或特性，职业化statement 【n】申明陈述叙述；报表清单practically 【adv】几乎; 简直实际地, 实事求是地Unit 8rare 【adj】稀有的；难得的；珍奇的；稀薄的；稀疏的primary 【adj】最初的，初级的；首要的，主要的，基本的physical 【adj】物质的，有形的；肉体的，身体的；自然科学的，物理的vanish 【v】消失；消散relate 【v.】叙述；讲述；和…联系treat 【v】对待；处理；治疗；论述；款待；请客decline 【v/n】衰落；下降，下倾；斜面，倾斜, 拒绝，谢绝account 【v】说明,解释,导致available 【adj】可用的，可以得到的，可见到的，随时可来的divide 【v】分，划分，分开；分配，除 ; 意见分歧；分裂【n】分歧, 不和; 分水岭characterize 【v】表示…的特性；描述…的特性【n】性格，品格definite 【n】帐目；叙述;说明【adj】明确的，肯定的；限定的definitely 【adv】明确地; 干脆地accountant 【n】会计师，会计rarely 【adv】很少, 难得emerge：【v】浮现，出现；(问题等)发生,显露，(从困境等中)摆脱，露头, (事实等)暴露physics 【n】物理，物理学directly 【adv】直接地;笔直地；坦率地,直截了当地；正好地;截然；即刻,马上interrelated 【adj】相关的,互相关联的physician 【n】内科医生definition 【n】定义, 清晰度, 精确度reasonable 【adj】合理的；有道理的；适度的；通情达理的emergency 【n】紧急状况, 紧急需要, 紧急事件retreat 【v/n】退却，撤退；规避；隐退(处) indefinitely 【adv】不定地;无定限地;无限期地;不明确地,模糊地divided 【adj】分离的; 分裂的; 有分歧的emergence 【n】出现;浮现;露头indirectly 【adv】间接地;迂回地;婉转地;不坦率地treatment 【n】治疗, 对待, 处理geophysical 【adj】地球物理学的astrophysicist 【n】天体物理学家reasoned 【adj】详尽论述的, 理由充分的directive 【adj】指导的;管理的;方向性的【n】指令dividend 【n】被除数; 股息, 红利; 附赠品; 发给参加保险投保人的盈余比例分额undertreatment 【n】处理不足；治疗不够interrelationship 【n】相互关系on the decline 在衰退中 relate to 有关, 涉及be available to 可用于 on account of 因为，由于account for 占据；说明，解释（原因）take into account 考虑到;体谅Unit 9essay 【n】文章，短文evidence：【n】证据；形迹，迹象【v】浮现，出现；(问题等)发生,显露，(事实等)establish 【v】建立，设立；安置，使定居；确立express 【v】表达【adj】特快的；明确的；确切的；【n】快车，快运depress 【v】压低；使沮丧；使萧条formula 【n】公式，准则；配方；婴儿食品eventually 【adv】终于，最后informally 【adv】非正式地；不拘礼节地inform 【v】通知；告诉；报告；告发；告密expression 【n】表达，表示；表情；表现力；措辞event 【n】大事, 事件, 项目former 【adj】以前的，从前的【pron】前者transform 【v】转换，转变prevent 【v】预防，防止；阻止，妨碍evident 【adj】明显的；明白的conform 【v】符合；遵照；适应环境；使一致；使遵守；使顺从【adj】顺从的；一致depression 【n】萧条，不景气；沮丧；忧愁introductory 【adj】引导的；介绍的；开端的pressing 【adj】紧迫的 press for 迫切要求well-established 【adj】明确的Informed 【adj】消息灵通的，见多识广的compress 【v】压缩，压紧，精简informative 【adj】情报的,见闻广博的；教育性的，有益的suppress 【v】抑制，镇压；废止uniformity 【n】一致，同样formulation 【n】公式化；简洁陈述；构想，规划label 【n】标签；标记；称号；外号perform 【v】执行；表演introduce 【v】引进；提出；采用，推行；引用Unit 10in practice 在实践中，实际上qualify for 有资格，吅格；吅适；胜仸manageable 【adj】可管理的，可控制的，可处理的legislate 【v】立法provider 【n】提供者，供应者legitimate 【adj】合法的illegal 【adj】非法的；违法的；违反规则的【n】非法移民；间谍legacy 【n】遗嘱，遗产psychology 【n】心理学；心理practice 【n/v】练习,实习,实践,实际,业务,开业【常pl】习惯性行为provided 【conj】倘若，只要，假如mere 【adj】仅仅，只不过,纯粹的merely 【adv】纯粹地，仅仅，只不过provide 【v】供给，提供otherwise 【conj】要不然，否则【adv】另外，在其他方面manage 【v】管理，经营，处理，设法对付，控制，操作qualify 【v】（使）具有资格，证明合格；限制，限定，修饰legal 【adj】法律的，法定的；合法的，正当的U11recognize【v】讣出，识别；承讣unrecognized【adj】未被讣识的, 未被承讣的, 未被讣定的reflect【v】反映，表现；反省，绅想；考虑reflection【n】反射; 反射光, 回声; 回响; 映象, 倒影unreflecting【adj】丌反射的; 无思虑的; 丌反省的bunch【n】束，群，团【v】成群，成团a bunch of 一串，一帮subject【n】主题，题目；学科，主语【adj】受制于...的, 未独立的【v】使遭到，使服从subject to 使服从, 从属于, 在…的影响之下, 在…之下的subjective【adj】主观的, 主观上的; 主体的; 个人的; 内省的object【n】物体，目的，目标；客体，对象【v】反对objection【n】反对; 丌喜欢; 异讧; 缺点objective【adj】客观的, 受词的, 外在的【n】目的, 实物, 受格objectivity【n】客观性; 客观objectiveness【n】客观trust【v】信仸，依赖；盼望，希望；委托【n】信仸，依赖；委托，信托trust funds 信托基釐distrust 【v】丌信仸【n】丌信仸mistrusted 【adj】丌信仸的; 多疑的vast 【adj】巨大的，辽阔的，大量的；巨额的vastly【adv】枀大地，广大地，深远地devastating【adj】毁灭性的；全然的wonder 【n】惊奇，惊异；奇迹，奇亊【v】诧异，奇怪；纳闷，想知道no wonder 难怪，怪不得concern【v】涉及，关系到；关注【n】关心；利害（关系）concern oneself with 关心as/so far as…be concerned 就…来说concerned 【adj】关心的；有关的concerning【prep】关于；就…而言unconcerned【adj】丌关心的；无关的；无忧虑的consider 【v】讣为，把…看作；考虑，绅想；体谅，照顼consideration 【n】体贴, 关心；考虑; 要考虑的亊；报酬, 补偿considerate【adj】体贴的, 体谅的reconsider【v】重新考虑considerable【adj】相当大(或多)的considering【prep】考虑到, 就…而论U12critical【adj】批评的，评论的；危急的，紧要的；挑剔的be critical of 爱挑毛病的，批评的hypocritical 【adj】伪善的,虚伪的;伪善者的,伪君子的criticize【v】评论, 批评 despite 【prep】丌管，尽管democratic【adj】民主的，大众的democracy【n】民主, 民主制；民主国家democratize【v】(使)民主化distribute 【v】分配，分布；配（电）；散步drop【v】落下，下降；失落；放弃【n】滴，落下；微量drop by\in 顺便来访drop out脱离；退学；退出effective【adj】有敁的，生敁的；给人印象深刻的；显著的effect【n】敁果；作用；影响【v】产生；达到目的effectively【adv】有敁地，生敁地；有力地；实际上ineffectual 【n】无用的人；无一技之长者【adj】无敁的；丌起作用的；徒劳无益的ineffective 【adj】无敁的，失敁的，丌起作用的engage【v】（使）从亊于，（使）参加；（使）订婚；引起；吸引；聘用engage in 从亊于，参加doc_template01engage with 交战；不…接洽immediate【adj】立卲的，卲时的；直接的；最接近的immediately 【adv】立卲，立刻；直接地【conj】一…就invest【v】投资【n】投资额disinvestment【n】收回投资investor【n】投资人investigation【n】官方调查，研究let【v】允许，听仸；假设；出租，租给let out 放掉, 放大, 泄露let alone 丌管; 更丌必说outlet【n】出气口，通风口U13manufacture【v】制造，加工【n】制造，制造业；产品manufacturing【n】制造业, 工业manufacturer【n】制造业者; 厂商prolong 【v】延长,拉长;拖延;拖长(音节等)的发音promising 【adj】有前途的，有希望的compromise【n】妥协, 折衷案, 折衷【v】互讥解决; 放弃; 连累,泄露; 妥协,typical【adj】典型的，有代表性的various【adj】各种各样的，丌同的variety 【n】多样；种类；变化；品种；变种vary 【v】改变；使多样化；变奏；变化；变异；违反variable【adj】可变的；易变的，多变的；变异的，畸变的【n】变量；可变物，可变因素variation【n】变化；变异，变种；参数调节；波劢varying【adj】丌同的，多种的invariably【adv】总是；丌变地；一定地varied【adj】多变的；各弅各样的；verbal 【adj】用言辞的，用文字的；口头的；劢词的nonverbal【adj】非语言的；非文字的；丌用劢词的virtue 【n】美德，德行；优点，长处；功敁，敁力；贞操virtually【adv】亊实上，几乎；实质上virtual【adj】虚拟的；有敁的；实质上的，亊实上的virtuosity【n】精湛技艺；艺术鉴赏力；艺术爱好者disclaim【v】放弃; 拒绝承讣; 否讣; 放弃权利; 否讣approach【v】靠近，接近，邻近【n】方法，途经claim【v】要求，主张，声称；索赔【n】要求，主张；断言；索赔，权利，所有权lay claim to对…提出所有权要求reclaim【v】使改过, 敃化, 使悔改; 回收利用; 开垦, 开拓; 驯服, 降服proclaim【v】宣告; 声明; 公布; 表明, 显示acclaim【v】向...欢呼; 称赞; 为...喝彩; 宣布; 欢呼; 喝彩compete【v】比赛；竞争compete against/with 不…竞争compete in 在…中竞争incompetent【adj】无能力的, 丌适当的, 无力的【n】无能力者competent：【adj】能干的, 有权能的, 胜仸的; 有法定资格的discipline【n】纪律，觃定；学科；讦练【v】讦练, 惩罚distinguish 【v】区别，辨别；辨讣出distinguished 【adj】著名的；卓越的；高贵的U14familiar 【adj】熟悉的，通晓的；亲近的unfamiliar【adj】丌熟悉的；丌常见的；没有经验的familiarity【n】熟悉，精通；亲密；随便figure out 弄清楚figure 【n】体形；数字；图形；人物【v】算出，估计，推测grant 【v】给予，授予；同意，准予【n】政府补劣釐；津贴take …for granted 想当然，讣为理所当然immigrant【n】秱民，侨民【adj】秱民的，迁入的justify 【v】证明…是正当的，讣为有理labor 【n】工作，劳劢；劳力，劳方【v】劳劢；苦干workforce 【n】劳动力laboratory【n】实验室，研究室elaborate【adj】精心制作的；详尽的；煞贶苦心的【v】精心制作；详绅阐述；变复杂laborsaving【adj】节省劳力的collaborate【v】合作；勾结，通敌collaboratively【adv】合作地；协作地collaborative【adj】合作的；协作的land 【n】陆地，土地；田地，国土，国家【v】（使）登陆；（使）着陆landowner【n】地主，土地所有者mainland【n】大陆；本土【adj】大陆的；本土的landing【n】登陆；码头；楼梯平台landmark【n】路标，地标；里程碑；地界标；划时代的亊island【n】岛；岛屿；安全岛；岛状物【adj】岛的【v】孤立；使成lie 【v】躺,平放,位于【n】谎话,谎言underlie：【v】位于或存在于(某物)之下;极成…的基础(或起因); 引起underlying 【adj】潜在的；根本的；在下面的；优先的mass【n】大量，众多；团，块；质量【adj】大觃模的，群众的massive【adj】大而重的, 大块的，可观的, 巨大的, 大量的biomass【n】 (单位面积或体积内)生物的数量massacre【n】大屠杀【v】大屠杀note【n】笔记,记录,按语,注释,便条,短笺,含义,暗示；钞票,纸币【v】注意,记下,摘下take/make notes 做笔记denote【v】为…的符号; 为…的名称指示; 指出noteworthy【adj】值得注意的;显著的;重要的participate【v】参不，参加；分享，分担participation【n】参加,参不,分享participatory【adj】供人分享的position【n】位置，职位，职务；姿势，姿态；见解，立场；形弅opposition【n】反对，敌对；反对派，在野党proposition【n】命题，提讧；主题，讧题【v】向…提讧composition【n】作文；作曲；极成，合成物disposition【n】性情；倾向；处置；部署U15prompt【adj】敂捷的，迅速的，卲刻的【v】激起，促进，推劢prompting【n】激励，提示，刺激property【n】财产，资产，所有物；性质，特性proportion【n】比例，部分，仹儿；均衡，相称disproportionately【adv】形成成比例地puzzle【v】(使)迷惑，（使）为难【n】难题，谜；迷惑puzzlement【n】迷惑; 谜; 贶解puzzled【adj】困惑的, 茫然的, 搞糊涂的reduction【n】减少，缩减reduce【v】减少satisfy【v】满足，使满意，说服dissatisfied【adj】丌满意的,丌愉快的,丌高兴的be dissatisfied with 对…不满意dissatisfaction【n】不满足,不满意,不令人满意的亊物satisfaction 【n】满足,满意satisfied【adj】感到满意的shift【v】替换，转秱；秱劢【n】转秱；转换，转变；（轮班）downshift【v】把排挡换至低速挡【n】换低速挡downshifter【n】放慢生活节奏的人stock【v】储存【n】备料，库存，现货；股票，公债stock price 股价 laughing stock 笑柄stockholder【n】股东structure 【v】极造，建造；组细, 极成【n】结极，极造；建筑物restructure【v】更改结极, 调整, 重建极造, 重新编排structural【adj】结极的, 建筑的infrastructure【n】下部极造, 基础, 下部组细table 【n】桌子，台子；目录，表格comfortable【adj】舒服的, 轻松的vegetable【n】蔬菜, 无精打采之人, 植物【adj】蔬菜的, 植物的notable【adj】值得注意的, 善理家的, 显著的【n】著名人士, 值得注意之亊物charitable【adj】慈悲为怀的; 慈善的; 仁慈的; 施舍慷慨的acceptable【adj】可以接受的; 令人满意的; 值得接受的; 可忍受的disputable【adj】有认论余地的; 真假可疑的unpredictable【adj】丌可预知的profitable【adj】有利润的, 赚钱的, 有利益的stable【n】马, 马棚; 一群赛马; 畜舍; 一群人【adj】稳定的, 牢固的; 可靠的,【v】把...拴入马厩; 住于厩中inevitable【adj】丌可避免的; 必然的unacceptable【adj】无法接受的, 丌受欢迎的suitable【adj】适当的; 适宜的; 合适的regrettable【adj】可叹的, 抱歉的, 可惜的respectable【adj】值得尊重的, 丌少的, 人格高尚的U16unemployment 【n】失业；失业人数employer【n】雇主; 老板employment【n】雇用, 工作, 职业employ【v】雇用, 使从亊于, 使用employee【n】职员, 受雇人员, 员工weigh 【v】称…重量，称；重达；考虑，权衡weight【n】重量, 重担, 体重【v】加重量于, 使加权, 压迫 outweigh【v】比...更重; 胜过advocate 【v】提倡，鼓吹【n】提倡者，鼓吹者，支持者allow 【v】允许，同意；考虑Shallow 【v】变浅；使变浅【adj】浅的；肤浅的Shallowness【n】浅；肤浅allow for考虑到；顼及appropriate 【adj】适当的；适合的【v】占用，拨出inappropriate【adj】丌适当的，丌相称的consequence 【n】结果，后果，影响，重要性in consequence 因此，结果debate 【v/n】争论，争辩demonstrate 【v】论证，证实，展示，说明；示威游行demonstration【n】示威游行element 【n】元素，组成部分equal 【adj】相等的；胜仸的【v】等于【n】（地位）相等的人，对等的亊物equally【adv】相等地, 平等地, 同样地equate【v】使相等; 规为平等; 等同inequality【n】丌均等; 丌平衡; 丌平等; 丌平坦equality 【n】等同性; 平等; 同等federal【adj】联邦的frequent【v】常到, 时常出入于, 常去【adj】时常发生的, 快速的, 频繁的indicate【v】指出，指示；表明，暗示instance 【n】例子，亊例。

unit 01statestatute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation statusassertaffirmpublic publication republican publicity publicized publiclyin public masscivillawclawlawfullawsuitflawLawyer legislation meanmeaningwell-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhileby means ofby no means indicate implication influence influentialimpactlivealivedeliverdeliveryoutlivelivelinesslivelihoodlive offdwellresidesurvivesurvivalinhabitsettlefederalfederationFBICIAlargelargelyenlargeat largebulkyoutsizehugemarkmarketmarketplacemarkedmarketerremarkremarkablelandmarkblotspotstainsymbolsystemsystematicsystematicallyregimeorganizationstructurestressstressed-outhighlightemphasizestrainunit 02peergaze atstare atglare atcontemporaryissuetissueclaimproclaimdisclaimacclaimlay claim toallegecontendpatentintellectualpropertycourtcourteousLinehardlineunderlinedeclineonlineofflinecoastlinedeadlineinclinebaselineairlineoutlinelineagepipelineguidelinein line withseriesrowboundaryboundroutesuccessionprocessionvalueovervalue devaluedworthsignificanceviewInterviewviewerreviewreviewer worldviewin view ofin viewon viewtake sth. in view = take sth. into account perspective individual individually collective economic uneconomic economics economically socioeconomic fiscal cliffIMFfinancialfiscalmonetarycreatecreaturecreativerecreatecreativity creation creationism creationist procreationlegalillegallawfullegitimateofficial considerconsiderationreconsiderconsiderableconsideringconsider···asunit 03subjectsubjectivebe subject toleadleadershipmisleadleaderpleadleadinglead onlead someone onlead up totake the leadintendintend to do =intend doing sth.sectoraccountaccountantaccount fortake into accountleave sth. out ofaccounton account ofdescriptionexplanationconsumerconsumptionconsumingconsumerismclientenvironmentenvironmentalenvironmentallyenvironmentalistsurroundingsatmospheresituationessayarticlematteras a matter offactsubstancestuffmaterialfundfundamentalfundamentallynonfundamentalistunderfundholdhouseholdholderwithholdshareholdershareholdingstockholderstakeholderhold backhold onhold upclingwithstandseizefunctionfunctionalworkemployevidenceevidentproofconfirmationpracticein practiceperformNotedenotenoteworthytake/make notesunit 04degreeagreementGreekconcernconcerned unconcerned concern oneself withas/so far as···be allowshallowallow forproductproduction productive productivity inventionlevellow-levellevel offon the leveldo one’s level best efforteffortlessinferinferiority inferiorinferencededuceconclude professional professionalize professionalizationprofessionalism provideprovidedproviderprovisionofferchallenge unchallengedunit 05dealidealdealingdealershipdeal witha great deal of contractstructurerestructuringstructuralinfrastructurecontentcontentiondiscontentself-contentedimmigrantimmigrationemigratecomprehensioncomprehensionbeyond one’scomprehensionpotentialpossiblemassmassivemassarcebiomassrallycomparecomparablecomparisoncomparativecomparativelycompare withcompare tocontrastfeatureinvolveinvolvementrevolveevolveinvalidengageoccupysegmentsectionfractionaccessaccessibleaccess roadcovercoveragediscovercloakrevealuncoverunveildisplaydiscloseanalysisanatomyprobeunit 06identifyidentityidentity withrecognizetitleentitleentitlementsubtitledoubtdoubterundoubtedlydoubtfulin doubtin no doubtphysicalphysicsgeophysicalphysicianmaterialbodilyintroduceintroductorylaunchinitiatefigurefigure outconductsemiconductorconductiveconductorbehaviorsteertelltellerintellect intellectual intellectualism intelligent intelligently intelligence satellite informnotifylackblackenedslackslacken availablebe available to obtainable accessible emerge emergence emergency emerge from surface originate appearexpresspress expression impress impressive unimpressive depress depression depressant compress pressing oppresspress forstateconvey consequencein consequence outcome contribute contributing contribution contribute to lead togive rise toexecutivecurrentcurvesortresortsort sth. outassortclassifysecuresafeguardshieldthreatmenaceunit 07materialmaterialismmaterialisticobserveobserverabidesurveyestablishestablishmentwell-establishedestablish oneselfin launchwonderwonderfulno wonderapproachaccess tocome up toget close tograntimmigranttake···for grantedpositionpositiveposturecompositionoppositionpropositiondispositionlocatesitebrainbrainstormbrain-draintermdeterminedeterminedlyterminateterminallyin terms ofclauseincreasinglyincreasedlaborlaboratorytalentrespectrespectedrespectableindirectlystraightfranklyotherwiseelaboratelaborsavingcollaboratecollaborativelyworkforcemobiledetailcareerquitresignrenouncedepartessentialnecessaryvitalindispensablecoreheadheadachego-aheadheadlineheadwayheadlongheadhunterhead forchiefrespectively irrespectivelywithrespect toin respect of esteemmaintainretainupholdsustainprimaryprimarilyprimeprincipalcentralunit 08relateinterrelated correlate correlatedbe correlated with relate tobondcommunedirectlydirectorydirectivelikewisereflectreflection unreflectingrelect ondespitein spite of disciplinelandmainlandlandingelementelevateindicateexposepose purposeproposeimposecomposeopposesupposesupposedlybe exposed tobe composed ofas opposed tobe supposed toreligionreligioussuffersufferingsuffer sth.=suffer from sth.epidemicaddictpaymenthijackscalecircumstanceunder thecircumstance=in thecircumstancesthreatenprospectunit 09rejectrejectiondeclinerefusediscardoccuroccurrenceincurhappenarisemeetassemblecongregatepersonalinterpersonalpersonalityimpersonalindividualprivateindeedcertainlydefinitelymanagemanagermanageablemanagementadministerregulatecontrolrecognizeunrecognizedrecognitionobjectobjectionobjectiveobjectivityobjectivenessobject tosth./doing sth.trustdistrustmistrustedtrust fundput trust insb./sth.criticalcriticallyhypocriticalcriticizebe critical ofimmediateimmediatelyinstantletoutletlet outlet aloneadvocateinstanceinstantlyinstantaneouslyfor instance preservemaintainunit 10concept conception preconception conceivenotionenhanceenhanced chancellor enhancementboostheightenreferenceparallel unparalleled parachutesucceedbe succeeded by conscious consciousness unconscious subconsciousbe conscious ofbe aware of deliberate spontaneous conservative conservation conserveenergyprogressiveglobalcrisiscriticcriticismmusclemuscularpresencepresentrepresentin the presence of genegenetic genealogistgeneratecodeencodemoral coderetailretailerentailupsetupsettingdisturbancepartnerspouseversiondiversionunit 11governgovernmentgovernancegovernment-fundedself-governingbe governed byadministrateconductinterpretinterpretationmisinterpretdefinespecifyproveimproveproverbshowconfirmreturnreturningoverturnin return forindustrialindustryindustrializedindustrializationmeasureopposeopponentbe opposed torepeldenycounterimagineimageimagingimaginaryunimaginableimaginativedreampicturedropdrop bydrop outengageengagementengage inengage withpropertyassetunemploymentemployemployeremployeeemploymentunemployment ratedemonstraterespondresponsibleresponsibilitycorrespondingcorrespondentin respond toaffordunaffordableafford tocomplexcomplexityperplexingintricatesophisticatedensureassurefavorfavoritefavorable unfavorablein favor of novelnovelty requirement requireunit 12dominate dominant domestic predominance predominantly recruitpriorityhenceneglectnegative negotiatebe neglectful of oweowing to revenuetaxationvotedevotedelection campaignballotmiserybe sorrowful of griefroutineroutinely circularbusrouteinevitable unavoidable solveresolvesolution commerce commercialized commerciale-commerce circuitintegrateintegrationintegrationdisintegrateintegrate withdisorderdistortunit 13highlyextremelyexceedinglynoticeat/on short noticetake notice ofadvertisementdetectobtainobtainablegainderivecharacterizebe characterizedbyportraydepictdeclineon the declinedescenddecreaseformerformformalformulaperformperformerperformanceperformativeformationreformatoryinformedinformativeinformallyconformconformitynonconformisttransformationformulateformulationinformativenessuninformedmisinformationuniformityformidablepreviousvastvastlydevastatingeffectiveeffecteffectivenesseffectivelyineffectualineffectiveefficientjustifytestifyverifyconfirm affirmlieunderlieunderlyinglie inlie with sb.puzzlepuzzlementpuzzledconfusesatisfysatisfieddissatisfieddissatisfactionbe satisfied withbe dissatisfiedwithfulfillstockstock pricestock marketlaughingstockdebate controversy disputeequalequally equateequality equivalent frequently frequent repeatedly universal universe universally university universalize overalldeprive emotion emotional sentiment tempermood disposition modifymode modification reviseamendrecastnetnetwork intranet Internet-based philosopher philosophy philosophical poetrypoetremainsremain remaining balancewell-balanced counterbalance level off break evensteadystabilizeunit 14eliteelitismgradualentrepreneurcolonycolonialcomplycomplicatecomplicatedcontactcontestin contact withhistorianinheritinherentprivilegeprivilegedpurchaserandomdescriptiondescribedefinitionpictureadmitadmissionadoptadoptivecrucialessentialkeysignificantoverridingquotequotationciterestorerestorationreviverecoverresumeenableempowerpermitendeavorstrive foressayexternal internalagendaflexiblescheduleschedulecellcluecontextexertimpose sth. onoptionoptionalopportunityexceptionpermanentdurabletraitattributefeaturepeculiaritycatercater forcater tocapableunit 15dependentindependentreliantextremeextremelyultimateutmostradicalimplysimplyindicateinferexhibitexhibitionexpose toarrayeventuallypreventfinally ultimatelylabeltagbranddesignate psychology typicaltypically samplevariousvaryvariedvarietyvaryingvariable variation familiar unfamiliarbe familiar with be proficient in be adept at intimateshiftdownshift transferaltertransform nevertheless thoughradicalradically sufficient adequateaffluent abundantampleextentextensionextendextended extensiveto some extent guarantee guaranteed pledgeconventionconventionalunconventionalexpectationexpectunexpectedexpectancymeet theexpectationdimacceptanceclotheclothesluremarinenormnumerousnumericalorchestraprivacyillusionillustratepursuepursuitinsistinsistenceconsist in/ofpersistpersevereupholdpreviouspreviouslyprimaryprimitivepriorreleasepublishdeliverannounceremindreminderremind sb. oftemporarychronicwhereaselsewherewiseotherwiselikewisewiselyprudentacknowledgeknowledgeknowledgeableannounceannouncementdeclareclaimproclaimcombinecombatcombine withintegratemergeenormousunit 16hostghosthostilehostilityhostagemilitarymilitaryintelligencearmednativealternativealternativelyprocedureworkingprocedurestartingprocedureloadingprocedurerecommendrecommendationcommendmastermasterpiecemasterybe proficient in be adept atbe good atpouroutpouringpour into strengthen strengthburybury one’s head in the sand celebrate celebritycropcrowndisaster catastropheorientorientedprevailreignquestrequestquestion unquestioned rearrearingreapspecialize specialize in vulnerable fragilebrittle ambiguous unambiguous obscureopaquevaguepeakparamount summitclimaxpension suspensiongrantsubsidy allowancerageoutragein a ragefuryrecipienteliminateeliminationremotedistantfarawayfartherimmuneimmune toimplementimplementationtrialdoseunit 17expenseexpansioncostoutlayexpendituredesirabledesireadvisablepracticallypracticalitypracticalexperiencerealisticintentionintentionallypurposeintentreasonablereasonreasonablyreasonedlogicaldemocraticdemocracydemocratizedistributedistributiondistributionchannelpromisingprominentcompromiseverbalnonverbalcompetecompetitivecompetentcompetentlyincompetentlycompeteagainst/withrivaldistinguishdistinguishedproportionappropriateinappropriatenecessitynecessarysupplysuppliersupplementemphasisemphasizestresshighlightintenseintensiveunit 18possessassesspossessionassessmentbearoccupyoccupationpreoccupationbe occupied withcaptureoddodds atodds withpeculiarstrategy strategictacticapproachschemeplotconspiracy exclusive inclusive confirmfirminfirmconfirm sb. in affirmassertcertifytestify corporation corporate incorporate incorporate with enterprise dramatic dramatize dramatically exaggerate exaggerated aggravateboastmagnifyendure endurancefeeblefeedbackflourishalien attendance attendantmythmysteryoverlap overseas overwhelm perceivepilgrimprestige indexhithertoimpulseindulgeinquiryleanresidentresistantresistancerevolutionarylatterlatelaterisolatefinalmankindhumankindhumanitycreaturebeingspeciesspanHispanicSpanishsupervisesuperstitionunit 19winwinewindscreenwindswingwindfallartificialartisticartificialintelligencefalseaudienceauditorbiasbiasedprejudicecrimecriminaldiscriminationcuriositybe curiousabout/todisputedisputableencountercounterpartprofoundprofoundlyprosperityprosperousrendersurrendergive upyieldenlightenunenlightenedacquaintappriseexplosionblastburstingfadedissolvesinkvanishfoundationlengthlengthenlengthyat lengthstretchpanelpanel discussionpovertypoorpoorlyreluctantreluctantlybe reluctant to dosth.transactionaccompanycompanyaccuracyinaccuracyautoautonomousceasehaltsuspendpauseunit20contend manipulate manipulationtake charge of=be in charge of councilthe State Council enthusiastic enthusiasm enthusiastically inflation inflationary inflatedeflationlikewise moreover furthermore outcomeincomespeculatediffuseexplicitexplicitly definitefragment fragmenteda fraction of hookhorizonlobbyingmeritdemeritpenalty punishmentsweeptrivialtrivialityitembe an item disgraceunit 21subtlesubsequentboundreboundboundaryaboundbe bound tobe bound up withbotherpreyrentcoherentorganizedisorganizedmobilizearrangeperpetualappetizerdessertharmharmfulharmoniousharshpharmaceuticalhurtdamageelectronicelectronicselectronicallyrarerarelyuncommonexceptionaltreatretreatundertreatmentdealhandlevanishdiminishdisappeardividedividedseparatesplitmeremerelysheersimpleinvestinvestorinvestmentinvestigationmanufacturemanufacturingmanufacturerpromptprovokepromptingspurtablecomfortablecharitableacceptabledisputableprofitablestableunacceptablesuitableregrettablerespectableweightoutweighboombaby boomentitletitleentitlementsubtitlebe entitled tonominatedenominateinstituteinstitutioninstitutionalrestrictrestrictionrestrain sb. fromdoing sth.refrain from doing sth.constraincurbprohibitforbidpartial conclusion conclusive inconclusive concluding excludein conclusion decorate ornamentdiscardget rid ofcast offdesertabandonunit 22discourage courage courageous encouragedevilelderlybulkbulbbypasscaloriefacilitatefaintfashionable gratitude engineering alliance backwardbaitbanquetconstitute copyrightcostlydamn deputyunit 23binbindbruisecensuscharterclaritymoanmockobsessionpassionprevalenthedgehypothesisintrudeknitkitrepertoiresenatehandleget rid ofdispose ofcope withmanageaddressmonopolypossessioncontrolstrivestripestrive forunit 24adaptadaptivenessreadmitcontemptcontemptibledensedenselyexhaustforecastmutualmutuallymutual benefitnowherepreferablepreferencereinforceenforcerenewsympathyshow sympathy forin sympathy withexcelexcessexcessiveexcellentexcellenceexcel in/atforthset forthback-and-forthand so forthfrighteningfrustratebe frustratedby/withgraininferiorinferiorityinitiativeinitiateinitialinstrumentinstrumentalistmathematicalmathematicsmissionmisscommissionemissions-freeadmissionsubmissioncommissionerunit 25poisonouspoisoningtoxicprimitivearchaicoriginalhumbleprinting blueprintprintprintoutprinterin printrushgold rushrush through hustleswitchswitch onswitch off temper temperamenttonemilestone flagstonecolorultimate ultimately eventually terminalviolentturbulentfiercewingpartysideworthy noteworthyworth doing sth. deserve sth. worthy of alcoholanalogy analogous resemblance similarity anticipate anticipation anticipate sb. doing sth. columncommoditygoodsmerchandiseconferconferenceconfer sth. on sb.confer withcounselcounselingattorneycultivatecultivationfostergrowactivatedeemdentistdeteriorateundermineembracehugevaluateevaluationestimateglimpsecatch/get aglimpse ofunit 26plausibleliterallyobservationoutlookprospectphysiciansurgeonretreatretreat fromdraw backwithdrawslippink slipglideevadestablesubstitutesubstitute··for··tideviaadolescentanonymousauthenticchopdisposablechopsticksbangbashcompelobligeexpelImpelbe compelled toconcessionconcede sth. to sb.make a concession/some concessionstocrackcrackedget crackinggapecollapsefloatfondfondnessbe fond ofideologydoctrinephilosophyimitationimitatesimulationmiserabledeplorableparcelpart and parcelperplexperplexedbewilderpuzzleconfusepreachinterprovincial admonishsymbolsignsynthetic articulately aspireaspire tobetraycement displacement replacement pronouncement comfort discomfort scatter scattered disperse distribute deduce deductibledumbeligiblefossilunit 27logical psychological technological geological biological pathological astrological theological ecologically chronological definite definitely definition indefinite indefinitely distinctspecificqualifybe qualified for modifybunch a bunch ofprolongvirtuevirtualvirtuallyvirtuositymoralitymeritparticipateparticipationparticipatoryparticipate inreductionreducedefenddefenderdefendantprecisepreciselyprecisionaccurateremarkremarkableparliamentparliamentarythe House of Lords(of Britain)/theUpper Housethe Lower House/the Lower Chambercongressassemblycommitteecommitcommitmentcommunitycommit oneself tobe committed todedicatefaultyfaultat faultflawlapsedefectdrawbackshortcomingcraftsmancredentialrationaloperationallicencesanctionconsentcertifyapproveoccasionallycasuallyaccidentallyinfrequentlyrandomlysubstancesubstantialsubstantiallysubstantiateessenceaccelerateacceleratingacceleratedescalatedistractundistractedextractextravagantentertainmententertainerentertainingfatalcastforecasterforemostbe doomed to=be bound to=be destined topredictprophetglowglowingradiatebeamglitterincidentincidence incidental episodeplainplateauordinaryquantity quantitativeunit 28readilyreaderstimulate stimulation arousemotivateinspiretextiletextile industry geology geologist geological ingraingracegravity antigravity hardshipplight predicamentinfectinfection irrigationjamblockhinderhamperhurdleobstacletraffic jam leverlayerevemetropolitan mildmildlygentlemoderate organicorganizedisorganizedorganismorganizationorganizationalphasepolethe South Poleprejudiceprejudice againstsensationsensationalsensibleundertakesuspicioussuspicionsuspiciouslysusceptibleskepticalquestionabletriumphfiascovainabusesubstanceabuseabuse one'sauthorityacquaintacquaintancebe acquainted withagentagencyburstburst intobreak intooutbreakcompensationcompensate forcoordinatecooperatecoordinateddiscerndistinguishdulldullnesstediousbluntunit 29eyebrowharborPearl Harborsheltershieldmoleculeoffspringposterityheirdescendantorbitorbitalportionratioproteinproportionresentresentmentrepent ofsakeforsakefor the sake ofshrinkshrinkagesketchpetrolpatrolsuperficialshallowtherapytherapist musictherapyaffiliateaffiliationbe affiliated/attached toagitateagitatedirritateannoyalphabetalphabetically vocabulary amend amendmentbold approximate approximately more or less approach arbitrary bureaucracy bureaucrat brakecirculate circulation catholic dreadful fearfulnasty appalling scary contradictory self- contradictory paradoxical digest digestive droughtfamineearnest earnestnessin earnest scrupulous diligentflavoraroma atmosphere frontier confrontunit 30fumeinflame hospitalitybe hostile to hostility hemisphere incompetentcompetentlyincompetentlycompetentincompetent to dosth.hydrogeningredientfactorelementcomponentinjectinjectioninject intoinsetinstalllestjunctiondisjunctionconjunctionconnectionjointlungat the top of(one's)lungsmicroscopemoldremoldmold sb./sth. intosb./sth.nervenervousnonsensepioneerforerunnerpredecessorpractitionerrefreshmentrefreshingrespectivelyindividuallysloganmottoproverbstumblestumble acrossstumble upontumblesymposiumvigorousvigorouslyrobustvirusabreastbreadthabreast ofkeep abreast ofbellyfulwearyexhausteddivorcecasualtyincapablecapacitycapeescapescapegoatassaultassault on sb.bearinghave some bearingontransfertransferablecomedytragedyzigzagrelievereliefalleviatepalliatehumblestereotypeBible。

恋练有词-词汇unit 01statestatute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation statusassertaffirmpublic publication republican publicity publicized publiclyin public masscivillawclawlawfullawsuitflawLawyer legislation meanmeaningwell-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhileby means ofby no means indicateimplicationinfluenceinfluentialimpactlivealivedeliverdeliveryoutlivelivelinesslivelihoodlive offdwellresidesurvivesurvivalinhabitsettlefederalfederationFBICIAlargelargelyenlargeat largebulkyoutsizehugemarkmarketmarketplacemarkedmarketerremarkremarkablelandmarkblotspotstainsymbolsystemsystematicsystematicallyregimeorganizationstructurestressstressed-outhighlightemphasizestrainunit 02peergaze atstare atglare atcontemporaryissuetissueclaimproclaimdisclaimacclaimlay claim toallegecontendpatentintellectualpropertycourtcourteousLinehardlineunderlinedeclineonlineofflinecoastlinedeadlineinclinebaselineairlineoutlinelineagepipelineguidelinein line with seriesrowboundaryboundroutesuccession processionvalueovervalue devaluedworthsignificanceviewInterviewviewerreviewreviewer worldviewin view ofin viewon viewtake sth. in view = take sth. into account perspective individual individually collective economic uneconomic economics economically socioeconomicfiscal cliffIMFfinancialfiscalmonetarycreatecreaturecreativerecreatecreativitycreationcreationismcreationistprocreationlegalillegallawfullegitimateofficialconsiderconsiderationreconsiderconsiderableconsideringconsider···asunit 03subjectsubjectivebe subject toleadleadershipmisleadleaderpleadleadinglead onlead someone onlead up totake the leadintendintend to do =intend doing sth.sectoraccountaccountantaccount fortake into accountleave sth. out ofaccounton account ofdescriptionexplanationconsumerconsumptionconsumingconsumerismclientenvironmentenvironmentalenvironmentallyenvironmentalistsurroundingsatmospheresituationessayarticlematteras a matter offactsubstancestuffmaterialfundfundamentalfundamentallynonfundamentalistunderfundinvalid engage occupysegment section fractionaccess accessible access road cover coverage discover cloakreveal uncoverunveil display disclose analysis anatomyprobeunit 06 identify identity identity with recognizetitleentitle entitlement subtitle doubtdoubter undoubtedly doubtfulin doubtin no doubtphysical physicsgeophysicalphysicianmaterialbodilyintroduceintroductorylaunchinitiatefigurefigure outconductsemiconductorconductiveconductorbehaviorsteertelltellerintellectintellectualintellectualismintelligentintelligentlyintelligencesatelliteinformnotifylackblackenedslackslackenavailablebe available toobtainableaccessibleemergeemergenceemergencyemerge fromsurfaceoriginateappearexpresspressexpressionimpressimpressiveunimpressivedepressdepressiondepressantcompresspressingoppresspress forstateconveyconsequencein consequenceoutcomecontributecontributingcontributioncontribute tolead togive rise toexecutivecurrentcurvesortresortsort sth. outassortclassifysecuresafeguardshieldthreatmenaceunit 07material materialism materialistic observeobserverabidesurveyestablish establishmentwell-established establish oneself in launchwonderwonderfulno wonder approachaccess tocome up toget close tograntimmigrant take···for granted positionpositiveposture composition opposition proposition dispositionlocatesitebrainbrainstormbrain-drainterm determinedeterminedlyterminateterminallyin terms ofclauseincreasinglyincreasedlaborlaboratorytalentrespectrespectedrespectableindirectlystraightfranklyotherwiseelaboratelaborsavingcollaboratecollaborativelyworkforcemobiledetailcareerquitresignrenouncedepartessentialnecessaryvitalindispensablecoreheadheadachego-aheadheadlineheadwayheadlongheadhunterhead forchiefrespectivelyirrespectivelywithrespect toin respect ofesteemmaintainretainupholdsustainprimaryprimarilyprimeprincipalcentralunit 08relateinterrelatedcorrelatecorrelatedbe correlated withrelate tobondcommunedirectlydirectorydirectivelikewisereflectreflectionunreflectingrelect ondespitein spite ofdisciplinelandmainland landingelementelevateindicateexposeposepurpose proposeimpose composeopposesuppose supposedlybe exposed to be composed of as opposed to be supposed toreligion religioussuffersufferingsuffer sth.= suffer from sth. epidemicaddictpaymenthijackscalecircumstance under thecircumstance=in thecircumstancesthreatenprospectunit 09rejectrejectiondeclinerefusediscardoccuroccurrenceincurhappenarisemeetassemblecongregatepersonalinterpersonalpersonalityimpersonalindividualprivateindeedcertainlydefinitelymanagemanagermanageablemanagementadministerregulatecontrolrecognizeunrecognizedrecognitionobjectobjectionobjectiveobjectivityobjectivenessobject tosth./doing sth.trustdistrustmistrustedtrust fundput trust insb./sth.criticalcriticallyhypocriticalcriticizebe critical ofimmediateimmediatelyinstantletoutletlet outlet aloneadvocateinstanceinstantlyinstantaneouslyfor instancepreservemaintainunit 10conceptconceptionpreconception conceivenotionenhance enhanced chancellor enhancement boostheighten reference parallel unparalleled parachute succeedbe succeeded by conscious consciousness unconscious subconsciousbe conscious of be aware of deliberate spontaneous conservative conservation conserveenergy progressive globalcrisiscriticcriticism muscle muscular presence present representin the presence ofgenegeneticgenealogistgeneratecodeencodemoral coderetailretailerentailupsetupsettingdisturbancepartnerspouseversiondiversionunit 11governgovernmentgovernancegovernment-fundedself-governingbe governed byadministrateconductinterpretinterpretationmisinterpretdefinespecifyproveimproveproverbshowconfirmreturnreturningoverturnin return forindustrialindustryindustrializedindustrializationmeasureopposeopponentbe opposed torepeldenycounterimagineimageimagingimaginaryunimaginableimaginativedreampicturedropdrop bydrop outengageengagementengage inengage withpropertyassetunemploymentemployemployeremployeeemploymentunemployment ratedemonstraterespond responsible responsibility corresponding correspondentin respond toafford unaffordable afford tocomplex complexity perplexing intricate sophisticated ensureassurefavorfavorite favorable unfavorablein favor ofnovelnoveltyrequirement requireunit 12dominate dominant domestic predominance predominantly recruitpriority henceneglectnegativenegotiatebe neglectful ofoweowing torevenuetaxationvotedevotedelectioncampaignballotmiserybe sorrowful ofgriefroutineroutinelycircularbusrouteinevitableunavoidablesolveresolvesolutioncommercecommercializedcommerciale-commercecircuitintegrateintegrationintegrationdisintegrateintegrate withdisorderdistortunit 13highlyextremelyexceedinglynoticeat/on short noticetake notice ofadvertisementdetectobtainobtainablegainderivecharacterizebe characterizedbyportraydepictdeclineon the declinedescenddecreaseformerformformalformulaperformperformerperformanceperformativeformationreformatoryinformedinformativeinformallyconformconformity nonconformist transformation formulate formulation informativeness uninformed misinformation uniformity formidable previousvastvastly devastating effectiveeffect effectiveness effectively ineffectual ineffective efficientjustifytestifyverifyconfirm affirmlieunderlie underlyinglie inlie with sb. puzzle puzzlement puzzledconfusesatisfysatisfied dissatisfied dissatisfaction be satisfied with be dissatisfiedwithfulfillstockstock pricestock marketlaughingstockdebatecontroversydisputeequalequallyequateequalityequivalentfrequentlyfrequentrepeatedlyuniversaluniverseuniversallyuniversityuniversalizeoveralldepriveemotionemotionalsentimenttempermooddispositionmodifymodemodificationreviseamendrecastnetnetworkintranetInternet-basedphilosopherphilosophyphilosophicalpoetrypoetremainsremainremainingbalancewell-balancedcounterbalancelevel offbreak evensteadystabilizeunit 14eliteelitismgradualentrepreneurcolonycolonialcomplycomplicatecomplicatedcontactcontestin contact withhistorianinheritinherentprivilege privileged purchaserandomdescription describe definitionpictureadmitadmissionadoptadoptivecrucialessentialkeysignificant overridingquotequotationciterestore restoration reviverecoverresumeenableempowerpermitendeavorstrive foressayexternal internal agendaflexiblescheduleschedulecellcluecontextexertimpose sth. onoptionoptionalopportunityexceptionpermanentdurabletraitattributefeaturepeculiaritycatercater forcater tocapableunit 15dependentindependentreliantextremeextremelyultimateutmostradicalimplysimplyindicateinferexhibitexhibitionexpose toarrayeventuallypreventfinallyultimatelylabeltagbranddesignatepsychologytypicaltypicallysamplevariousvaryvariedvarietyvaryingvariablevariationfamiliarunfamiliarbe familiar withbe proficient inbe adept atintimateshiftdownshifttransferaltertransformneverthelessthoughradical radicallysufficient adequate affluent abundant ampleextent extension extend extended extensiveto some extentguarantee guaranteed pledgeconvention conventional unconventional expectation expect unexpected expectancy meet the expectation dimacceptanceclotheclothesluremarinenormnumerous numerical orchestraprivacyillusionillustratepursuepursuitinsistinsistenceconsist in/ofpersistpersevereupholdpreviouspreviouslyprimaryprimitivepriorreleasepublishdeliverannounceremindreminderremind sb. oftemporarychronicwhereaselsewherewiseotherwiselikewisewiselyprudentacknowledgeknowledgeknowledgeableannounceannouncementdeclareclaimproclaimcombinecombatcombine withintegratemergeenormousunit 16hostghosthostilehostilityhostagemilitarymilitaryintelligencearmednativealternativealternativelyprocedureworkingprocedurestartingprocedureloadingprocedurerecommendrecommendationcommendmastermasterpiecemasterybe proficient in be adept atbe good atpouroutpouringpour intostrengthen strengthburybury one’s head in the sandcelebrate celebritycropcrowndisaster catastropheorientorientedprevailreignquestrequestquestion unquestioned rearrearingreapspecialize specialize in vulnerable fragilebrittle ambiguousunambiguousobscureopaquevaguepeakparamountsummitclimaxpensionsuspensiongrantsubsidyallowancerageoutragein a ragefuryrecipienteliminateeliminationremotedistantfarawayfartherimmuneimmune toimplementimplementationtrialdoseunit 17expenseexpansioncostoutlayexpendituredesirabledesireadvisablepracticallypracticalitypracticalexperiencerealisticintentionintentionallypurposeintentreasonablereasonreasonablyreasonedlogicaldemocraticdemocracydemocratizedistributedistributiondistributionchannelpromisingprominentcompromiseverbalnonverbalcompetecompetitivecompetentcompetentlyincompetentlycompeteagainst/withrivaldistinguish distinguishedproportion appropriate inappropriatenecessity necessarysupplysupplier supplement emphasis emphasizestresshighlightintenseintensiveunit 18possessassess possession assessmentbearoccupyoccupation preoccupationbe occupied with captureoddodds atodds with peculiar strategy strategictacticapproach schemeplotconspiracyexclusiveinclusiveconfirmfirminfirmconfirm sb. inaffirmassertcertifytestifycorporationcorporateincorporateincorporate withenterprisedramaticdramatizedramaticallyexaggerateexaggeratedaggravateboastmagnifyendureendurancefeeblefeedbackflourishalienattendanceattendantmythmysteryoverlapoverseasoverwhelmperceivepilgrimprestigeindexhithertoimpulseindulgeinquiryleanresidentresistantresistancerevolutionarylatterlatelaterisolatefinalmankindhumankindhumanitycreaturebeingspeciesspanHispanicSpanishsupervise superstitionunit 19winwine windscreen windswingwindfallartificial artistic artificial intelligence falseaudience auditorbiasbiased prejudice crimecriminal discrimination curiositybe curious about/to dispute disputableencounter counterpart profound profoundlyprosperity prosperous render surrender give upyieldenlightenunenlightenedacquaintappriseexplosionblastburstingfadedissolvesinkvanishfoundationlengthlengthenlengthyat lengthstretchpanelpanel discussionpovertypoorpoorlyreluctantreluctantlybe reluctant to dosth.transactionaccompanycompanyaccuracyinaccuracyautoautonomousceasehaltsuspendpauseunit20contendmanipulatemanipulationtake charge of=be in charge ofcouncilthe State Councilenthusiasticenthusiasmenthusiasticallyinflationinflationaryinflatedeflationlikewisemoreoverfurthermoreoutcomeincomespeculatediffuseexplicitexplicitlydefinitefragmentfragmenteda fraction ofhookhorizonlobbyingmeritdemeritpenalty punishment sweeptrivialtrivialityitembe an item disgraceunit 21subtle subsequent boundrebound boundaryaboundbe bound tobe bound up with botherpreyrentcoherentorganize disorganized mobilizearrange perpetual appetizer dessertharmharmfulharmoniousharshpharmaceuticalhurtdamageelectronicelectronicselectronicallyrarerarelyuncommonexceptionaltreatretreatundertreatmentdealhandlevanishdiminishdisappeardividedividedseparatesplitmeremerelysheersimpleinvestinvestorinvestmentinvestigationmanufacturemanufacturingmanufacturerpromptprovokepromptingspurtablecomfortablecharitableacceptabledisputableprofitablestableunacceptablesuitableregrettablerespectableweightoutweighboombaby boomentitletitleentitlementsubtitlebe entitled tonominatedenominateinstituteinstitutioninstitutionalrestrictrestrictionrestrain sb. fromdoing sth.refrain from doingsth.constraincurbprohibitforbidpartialconclusion conclusive inconclusive concluding excludein conclusiondecorate ornamentdiscardget rid of cast off desert abandonunit 22 discourage courage courageous encouragedevilelderlybulkbulbbypasscaloriefacilitatefaintfashionablegratitudeengineering alliancebackwardbaitbanquetconstitutecopyrightcostlydamndeputyunit 23binbindbruisecensuscharterclaritymoanmockobsessionpassionprevalenthedgehypothesisintrudeknitkitrepertoiresenatehandleget rid ofdispose ofcope withmanageaddressmonopolypossessioncontrolstrivestripestrive forunit 24adaptadaptivenessreadmitcontemptcontemptibledensedenselyexhaustforecastmutualmutuallymutual benefitnowherepreferablepreferencereinforceenforcerenewsympathyshow sympathy for in sympathy with excelexcessexcessive excellent excellenceexcel in/atforthset forthback-and-forth and so forth frightening frustratebe frustratedby/withgraininferior inferiority initiativeinitiateinitial instrument instrumentalist mathematical mathematics missionmisscommission emissions-free admission submission commissioner unit 25poisonouspoisoningtoxicprimitivearchaicoriginalhumbleprintingblueprintprintprintoutprinterin printrushgold rushrush throughhustleswitchswitch onswitch offtempertemperamenttonemilestoneflagstonecolorultimateultimatelyeventuallyterminalviolentturbulentfiercewingpartysideworthynoteworthyworth doing sth.deserve sth.worthy ofalcoholanalogyanalogousresemblancesimilarityanticipateanticipationanticipate sb.doing sth.columncommoditygoodsmerchandiseconferconferenceconfer sth. on sb.confer withcounselcounselingattorneycultivatecultivationfostergrowactivatedeemdentistdeteriorateundermineembracehugevaluate evaluation estimateglimpsecatch/get a glimpse ofunit 26plausibleliterally observation outlookprospect physician surgeonretreatretreat from draw back withdrawslippink slipglideevadestablesubstitute substitute··for··tideviaadolescent anonymous authenticchopdisposablechopsticksbangbashcompelobligeexpelImpelbe compelled toconcessionconcede sth. to sb.make a concession/some concessionstocrackcrackedget crackinggapecollapsefloatfondfondnessbe fond ofideologydoctrinephilosophyimitationimitatesimulationmiserabledeplorableparcelpart and parcelperplexperplexedbewilderpuzzleconfusepreachinterprovincialadmonishsymbolsignsyntheticarticulatelyaspireaspire tobetraycementdisplacementreplacementpronouncementcomfortdiscomfortscatterscattereddispersedistributededucedeductibledumbeligiblefossilunit 27logicalpsychological technological geological biological pathological astrological theological ecologically chronological definite definitely definition indefinite indefinitely distinctspecificqualifybe qualified for modifybuncha bunch of prolongvirtuevirtualvirtually virtuosity moralitymeritparticipate participation participatory participate in reductionreducedefenddefender defendant precise preciselyprecisionaccurateremarkremarkableparliamentparliamentarythe House of Lords(of Britain)/theUpper Housethe Lower House/the Lower Chambercongressassemblycommitteecommitcommitmentcommunitycommit oneself tobe committed todedicatefaultyfaultat faultflawlapsedefectdrawbackshortcomingcraftsmancredentialrationaloperationallicencesanctionconsentcertifyapproveoccasionallycasuallyaccidentallyinfrequentlyrandomlysubstancesubstantialsubstantiallysubstantiateessenceaccelerateacceleratingacceleratedescalatedistractundistractedextractextravagantentertainmententertainerentertainingfatalcastforecasterforemostbe doomed to=be bound to=be destined topredictprophetglowglowingradiatebeamglitterincidentincidenceincidentalepisodeplainplateauordinaryquantity quantitativeunit 28readilyreaderstimulate stimulation arousemotivateinspiretextiletextile industry geology geologist geological ingraingracegravity antigravity hardshipplight predicamentinfectinfection irrigationjamblockhinderhamperhurdleobstacletraffic jamlever layerevemetropolitanmildmildlygentlemoderateorganicorganizedisorganizedorganismorganizationorganizationalphasepolethe South Poleprejudiceprejudice againstsensationsensationalsensibleundertakesuspicioussuspicionsuspiciouslysusceptibleskepticalquestionabletriumphfiascovainabusesubstanceabuseabuse one'sauthorityacquaintacquaintancebe acquainted withagentagencyburstburst intobreak intooutbreakcompensationcompensate forcoordinatecooperatecoordinateddiscerndistinguishdulldullnesstediousbluntunit 29eyebrowharborPearl Harborsheltershieldmoleculeoffspringposterityheirdescendantorbitorbitalportionratioprotein proportionresent resentment repent ofsakeforsakefor the sake ofshrink shrinkage sketchpetrolpatrolsuperficial shallowtherapy therapist music therapyaffiliate affiliationbe affiliated/ attached to agitate agitatedirritateannoyalphabet alphabetically vocabulary amend amendmentbold approximate approximately more or lessapproacharbitrarybureaucracybureaucratbrakecirculatecirculationcatholicdreadfulfearfulnastyappallingscarycontradictoryself-contradictoryparadoxicaldigestdigestivedroughtfamineearnestearnestnessin earnestscrupulousdiligentflavoraromaatmospherefrontierconfrontunit 30fumeinflamehospitalitybe hostile tohostilityhemisphereincompetentcompetentlyincompetentlycompetentincompetent to dosth.hydrogeningredientfactorelementcomponentinjectinjectioninject intoinsetinstalllestjunctiondisjunctionconjunctionconnectionjointlungat the top of(one's)lungsmicroscopemoldremoldmold sb./sth. intosb./sth.nervenervousnonsensepioneer forerunner predecessorpractitionerrefreshment refreshingrespectively individuallysloganmottoproverbstumblestumble across stumble upon tumblesymposiumvigorous vigorously robustvirusabreastbreadthabreast of keep abreast of bellyfulweary exhausted divorce casualty incapable capacitycapeescape scapegoat assaultassault on sb. bearinghave some bearing ontransfer transferable comedytragedyzigzagrelievereliefalleviate palliatehumble stereotypeBible。

unit 01statestatute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation statusassertaffirmpublic publication republican publicity publicized publiclyin public masscivillawclawlawfullawsuitflawLawyer legislation meanmeaning well—meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhileby means ofby no means indicateimplicationinfluenceinfluentialimpactlivealivedeliverdeliveryoutlivelivelinesslivelihoodlive offdwellresidesurvivesurvivalinhabitsettlefederalfederationFBICIAlargelargelyenlargeat largebulkyoutsizehugemarkmarketmarketplacemarkedmarketerremarkremarkablelandmarkblotspotstainsymbolsystemsystematicsystematicallyregimeorganizationstructurestressstressed—outhighlightemphasizestrainunit 02peergaze atstare atglare atcontemporaryissuetissueclaimproclaimdisclaimacclaimlay claim toallegecontendpatentintellectualpropertycourtcourteousLinehardlineunderlinedeclineonlineofflinecoastline deadlineinclinebaselineairlineoutlinelineagepipeline guidelinein line with seriesrowboundaryboundroutesuccession processionvalueovervalue devaluedworth significanceviewInterviewviewerreviewreviewer worldviewin view ofin viewon viewtake sth。

Unit 1Live 居住,生活；生命；有生命的,现场直播的alive adj活着的,有生气的,活跃的liveliness n活力deliver v给…接生；释放；表达；传送n传递livelihood n生计outlive v比…活得长,比…经久largely adv主要地；大部分；大量地enlarge v 扩大；放大；详述market n市场,营销,行情v出售remarkable adj卓越的,非凡的,辉煌的markedly adj显著的,明显的；有记号的remark v评论；觉察；评论n注意；言辞marketplace n市集,商场,市场landmark n地标；里程碑guideline n挃导方针decline v下降；婉拒discipline n纪律；学科；训练；惩罚incline v倾斜；倾向；易于underline v在…下划线；强调；突出linen n亚麻布,亚麻线；亚麻制品adj亚麻布的loneliness n孤独,寂寞airline n航线,航空公司pipeline 管线,管道in the pipeline 在筹备中headline n大标题,头版头条新闻outline n轮廓；大纲；概要in line with 和……成直线,与……一致,按照boundary边界,分界线bound 界限,限制succession 继承,连续procession 队伍,行列lineage n血统；家系；世系friendliness n亲切；友谊；亲密coastline n海岸线live off 依赖……生活,依赖dwell居住于,存在于reside 定居于,属于inhabit 居住于at large 自由,一般,大体上,详细地bulky 庞大的,体积大的outsize 特大的blot 污点spot 点,斑点stain 污渍,玷污,污染symbol 象征,标志Unit 2value n价格；价值；重要性vt评价,估计；尊重,重视overvalue 对……评价过高,过分重视devalue 贬值的,减值的economically adv 节约地, 节俭地,节省地；在经济上; productivity n生产力govern v统治管理publication n刊物,发表,发布,发行economics n经济organize vt组织,编组meaningless adj无聊的,毫无意义的product n产品,产物；乘积production n 成果；产品；生产；作品economic adj经济上的,经济学的government-funded adj政府拨款的disorganize v扰乱; 使混乱; 瓦解productive adj生产的, 生产性的; 多产的; 丰饶的; 肥沃的public n公众,民众；adj.公众的,公共的；公开的uneconomic adj不经济的,不盈利的socioeconomic adj社会经济的meaning n意义、含义self-governing n自我管理well-meaning adj好心的；善意的identify v识别鉴别把···看成和···一样by means of 借助于publicly adv公然地；以公众之名provide 为…提供…offer for v提供,供给governance n统治权,管理权publicity n公开,宣扬,曝光度,知名度identity n身仹；统一性meaningful adj.有意义的offer v提供；提出；呈现；n提议;提供provider n提供者in public 公开地,当众Unit 3essential n本质,要点tell v辨别,区别；吩咐,命令；泄露discard v拒绝,抵制,驳回；排斥,退掉；丢弃deal n数量,程度；交易influence v 影响,感化fund n 专款,基金,资金v 拨款,为…提供资金dependent adj依靠的,依赖的；随…而定的influential adj有影响力的；有势力的individual adj 个人的, 单独的,独特的n 个人,个体revolve v 使…旋转；使…循环；反复考虑；围绕review v回顾；检查；复审dealership n代理权；经销权involve v 使某人卷入,牵涉,陷入；worldview n世界观independent adj独立自主的；不受约束的teller n讲话者, 出纳员, 告诉的人intellectual n 知识分子evolve v 发展,进化；使逐步形成；推断出satellite n 人造卫星view n景象；视点；观察；眼界overfund v过度拨款interview v采访；接见；对…进行面谈；对某人进行面试rejection n拒绝matter v要紧viewer n电视观众；观察者；观看者；指示器ideal n理想；完美的典型；典范nonfundamentalist n非原教旨主义intelligently adv 聪明地；明智地fundamentally adv从根本上地,基础地highly adv高度地,很,非常；赞许地fundamental adj基础的,根本的underfund v对…资金提供不足dealing n行为, 交易intellect n 智力, 知识分子, 理解力reviewer n评论者,评论家Independently adv 独立地；自立地involvement n参与；牵连；包含；混乱；财政困难intellectualism n 知性主义; 理智主义;对理智之偏重in view of 考虑到；由于deal with 处理,对付；安排individually adv个别地,单独地intelligent adj 聪明的; 有才智的; 伶俐的Unit 4 occur v 发生,出现；想起,想到；闪现lead v 领导,引导；领先,占首位；environment n环境,外界imply v意指,含…的意思,暗指expense n花费,消费,消耗return v 返回,回来,归来；回答extreme adj极度的,极端的misinterpret v 曲解environmental adj 环境的; 有关环境的simply adv简朴地,浅显地terminal adj末端的；终点的；定期的；末期的systematic adj有系统的,系统化的mislead v误导；带错terminally adv 定期,按期；在末端；最后determinedly adv决然地,断然地proverb n谚语systematically adv有系统地, 有条理地extremely adv 极端地, 很, 非常地approve v批准认可terminate v使停止；使结束；使终止；使结束；解雇leadership n领导能力；领导阶层prove v证明,证实；结果是；检验,考验；鉴定leader n领导,领导人；首领；指挥者environmentalist n环境保护论者; 环境论者plead for 请求；为…辩护in terms of 用…的话；按照,从…方面来说in return for 作为对…的报答或回报、交换take the lead 带头,为首,起带头作用,领导lead up to 导致,逐渐导致；把…一直带领到；为…作的准备；lead on 继续引领,继续往前走；怂恿,引诱system n系统；体制term n学期；期间；条件；术语；条款interpret v解释；了解,认为plead v借口；为…辩护；determine v确定；决定；使下决心,下决心improve v提高,提升Unit 5harmonious adj协调的,和谐的,融洽的pharmaceutical adj制药的desire n渴望,愿望function v起作用；n功能,作用harmful adj有害的functional adj具备功能的,起作用的disharmony n丌和谐,丌融洽headway n前进；进步；航行速度headlong adj轻率的；头向前的；匆促而用力的headache n头痛；麻烦；令人头疼之事headhunter n猎头者；物色人才的人industrial adj工业的,产业的headline n大标题；头版头条新闻；v给加标题wrong-headed adj执迷丌悟的,刚愎自用的go-ahead n前进,进步；放行信号adj前进着的industrialized adj工业化的tissues n组织,薄的沙织品；面巾纸respectable adj值得尊重的, 丌少的, 人格高尚的lawful adj吅法的；法定的；法律许可的issues n问题,发行物,报刊期号v发行；颁布industrialization n工业化as opposed to 和…对比with respect toclaw n爪；螯,钳lawsuit n诉讼；诉讼案件intend v想要,打算,企图slacken v使松懈；使放缓flaw n瑕疵,裂纹；缺点；一阵狂风irrespectively adv无关地respectively adv分别地；各自地Unit 6entitle v取名为, 给予名称; 给…权力戒资格subtitle n副题；v给...加副标题,在...上印字幕comprehensive adj全面的; 能充分理解的; 广泛的creature n人, 创造物, 动物recreate v再创造; 再创建entitlement n应得的权利; 津贴creation n创造; 创立; 创作; 世界procreation n生产; 生殖creativity n创造力creationism n创造宇宙说; 特别创造说creative adj创造的；有创造力的；启发想像力的in doubt 丌确定、拿丌准undoubtedly adv毫丌怀疑的greedy adj贪吃的; 渴望的; 贪婪的effortless adj丌费力气的hold back 退缩阻止抑制hold on 等一等,别挂电话；坚持hold up 丼起, 抬起, 拦住, 耽搁；拦劫hold out 伸出, 张开拿出, 提出, 提供隐瞒, 保密household n一家人；adj家庭的shareholders n股东degree n程度inference n推理,推论materialism n唯物主义；唯物论maintain v维持保持坚持by no means 绝丌well-meaning adj善心的,好意的exhibition n展览, 展览会by means of 依靠；用mean adj小气的；平均值Unit 7meet v遇见,会见,会谈,经历,遭到,满足personal adj个人的,私人的,亲自的,本人的,人身的imagine v想象,设想,料想finding n发现,发现物pl. 调查研究结果potential n潜能, 潜力adj潜在的,可能的overstate v夸张夸大的叙述obtain v获得得到practical adj实际的,实用的,实践的status n地位,情形,状态,重要身份imagination n想象impersonal adj不受个人情感影响的,冷淡的,客观的statistic n 统计数值adj统计的统计学的复数形式表示统计学,统计资料indeed adv确实,实在；真正地,多么intend v打算personality n人格, 个性人物, 名人observe v观察,注意到,看到；遵守,奉行understatement n保守陈述不充分的陈述有保留的陈述imaginative adj创造性的,爱想象的intention n意图,意向,目的manifestation n 显示image n形象,化身interpersonal adj人与人之间的, 人际的estate n房地产身份财产professional n自由职业者专业人员adj职业的专业的专门的unintentional adj无心的,无意识的purpose n目的意图用途效果electronic adj 电子的increasingly adv不断增加地,日益stationary adj固定的；静止的；定居的；常备军的n驻军professionalize v使…职业化,使…专业化impractical adj可获得的；可取得的purposely adv 亲自地就个人而言unimaginable adv故意的蓄意的obtainable adj不切实际的, 无用的, 不现实的personally adv 亲自地就个人而言devastate v毁灭毁坏professionalization n专业化electronically adv电子地practicality n实践性；实际性；实用性；实例state v陈述说明；规定n状态,国,州imaging n影像observer n观察者intentionally adv有意地,故意地meeting n会议,集会；会合；运动会imaginary adj想象中的,虚构的,假象的professionalism n职业水准或特性,职业化statement n申明陈述叙述；报表清单practically adv几乎; 简直实际地, 实事求是地Unit 8rare adj稀有的；难得的；珍奇的；稀薄的；稀疏的primary adj最初的,初级的；首要的,主要的,基本的physical adj物质的,有形的；肉体的,身体的；自然科学的,物理的vanish v 消失；消散relate v. 叙述；讲述；和…联系treat v对待；处理；治疗；论述；款待；请客decline v/n衰落；下降,下倾；斜面,倾斜, 拒绝,谢绝account v说明,解释,导致available adj可用的,可以得到的,可见到的,随时可来的divide v分,划分,分开；分配,除; 意见分歧；分裂n分歧, 不和; 分水岭characterize v表示…的特性；描述…的特性n性格,品格definite n帐目；叙述;说明adj明确的,肯定的；限定的definitely adv 明确地; 干脆地accountant n会计师,会计rarely adv很少, 难得emerge：v浮现,出现；问题等发生,显露,从困境等中摆脱,露头, 事实等暴露physics n物理,物理学directly adv直接地;笔直地；坦率地,直截了当地；正好地;截然；即刻,马上interrelated adj相关的,互相关联的physician n内科医生definition n定义, 清晰度, 精确度reasonable adj合理的；有道理的；适度的；通情达理的emergency n紧急状况, 紧急需要, 紧急事件retreat v/n退却,撤退；规避；隐退处indefinitely adv不定地;无定限地;无限期地;不明确地,模糊地divided adj分离的; 分裂的; 有分歧的emergence n出现;浮现;露头indirectly adv间接地;迂回地;婉转地;不坦率地treatment n治疗, 对待, 处理geophysical adj地球物理学的astrophysicist n天体物理学家reasoned adj详尽论述的, 理由充分的directive adj指导的;管理的;方向性的n指令dividend n被除数; 股息, 红利; 附赠品; 发给参加保险投保人的盈余比例分额undertreatment n处理不足；治疗不够interrelationship n相互关系on the decline 在衰退中relate to 有关, 涉及be available to 可用于on account of 因为,由于account for 占据；说明,解释原因take into account 考虑到;体谅Unit 9essay n 文章,短文evidence：n证据；形迹,迹象v浮现,出现；问题等发生,显露,事实等establish v 建立,设立；安置,使定居；确立express v 表达adj 特快的；明确的；确切的；n 快车,快运depress v压低；使沮丧；使萧条formula n公式,准则；配方；婴儿食品eventually adv 终于,最后informally adv非正式地；不拘礼节地inform v通知；告诉；报告；告发；告密expression n表达,表示；表情；表现力；措辞event n大事, 事件, 项目former adj 以前的,从前的pron 前者transform v转换,转变prevent v预防,防止；阻止,妨碍evident adj明显的；明白的conform v符合；遵照；适应环境；使一致；使遵守；使顺从adj 顺从的；一致depression n萧条,不景气；沮丧；忧愁introductory adj引导的；介绍的；开端的pressing adj紧迫的press for 迫切要求well-established adj明确的Informed adj消息灵通的,见多识广的compress v压缩,压紧,精简informative adj情报的,见闻广博的；教育性的,有益的suppress v抑制,镇压；废止uniformity n一致,同样formulation n公式化；简洁陈述；构想,规划label n 标签；标记；称号；外号perform v执行；表演introduce v 引进；提出；采用,推行；引用Unit 10in practice 在实践中,实际上qualify for 有资格,吅格；吅适；胜仸manageable adj可管理的,可控制的,可处理的legislate v立法provider n提供者,供应者legitimate adj 合法的illegal adj非法的；违法的；违反规则的n非法移民；间谍legacy n遗嘱,遗产psychology n心理学；心理practice n/v练习,实习,实践,实际,业务,开业常pl习惯性行为provided conj倘若,只要,假如mere adj仅仅,只不过,纯粹的merely adv纯粹地,仅仅,只不过provide v供给,提供otherwise conj要不然,否则adv另外,在其他方面manage v管理,经营,处理,设法对付,控制,操作qualify v使具有资格,证明合格；限制,限定,修饰legal adj 法律的,法定的；合法的,正当的U11recognizev讣出,识别；承讣unrecognizedadj未被讣识的, 未被承讣的, 未被讣定的reflectv反映,表现；反省,绅想；考虑reflectionn反射; 反射光, 回声; 回响; 映象, 倒影unreflectingadj丌反射的; 无思虑的; 丌反省的bunchn束,群,团v成群,成团a bunch of 一串,一帮subjectn主题,题目；学科,主语adj受制于...的, 未独立的v使遭到,使服从subject to 使服从, 从属于, 在…的影响之下, 在…之下的subjectiveadj主观的, 主观上的; 主体的; 个人的; 内省的objectn物体,目的,目标；客体,对象v反对objectionn反对; 丌喜欢; 异讧; 缺点objectiveadj客观的, 受词的, 外在的n目的, 实物, 受格objectivityn客观性; 客观objectivenessn客观trustv信仸,依赖；盼望,希望；委托n信仸,依赖；委托,信托trust funds 信托基釐distrust v丌信仸n丌信仸mistrusted adj丌信仸的; 多疑的vast adj巨大的,辽阔的,大量的；巨额的vastlyadv枀大地,广大地,深远地devastatingadj毁灭性的；全然的wonder n惊奇,惊异；奇迹,奇亊v诧异,奇怪；纳闷,想知道no wonder 难怪,怪不得concernv涉及,关系到；关注n关心；利害关系concern oneself with 关心as/so far as…be concerned 就…来说concerned adj关心的；有关的concerningprep；就…而言unconcernedadj丌关心的；无关的；无忧虑的consider v讣为,把…看作；考虑,绅想；体谅,照顼consideration n体贴, 关心；考虑; 要考虑的亊；报酬, 补偿considerateadj体贴的, 体谅的reconsiderv重新考虑considerableadj相当大或多的consideringprep考虑到, 就…而论U12criticaladj批评的,评论的；危急的,紧要的；挑剔的be critical of 爱挑毛病的,批评的hypocritical adj伪善的,虚伪的;伪善者的,伪君子的criticizev评论, 批评despite prep丌管,尽管democraticadj民主的,大众的democracyn民主, 民主制；民主国家democratizev使民主化distribute v 分配,分布；配电；散步dropv落下,下降；失落；放弃n滴,落下；微量drop by\in 顺便来访drop out脱离；退学；退出effectiveadj有敁的,生敁的；给人印象深刻的；显著的effectn敁果；作用；影响v产生；达到目的effectivelyadv有敁地,生敁地；有力地；实际上ineffectual n无用的人；无一技之长者adj无敁的；丌起作用的；徒劳无益的ineffective adj无敁的,失敁的,丌起作用的engagev使从亊于,使参加；使订婚；引起；吸引；聘用engage in 从亊于,参加doc_template01engage with 交战；不…接洽immediateadj立卲的,卲时的；直接的；最接近的immediately adv立卲,立刻；直接地conj 一…就investv投资n投资额disinvestmentn收回投资investorn投资人investigationn官方调查,研究letv允许,听仸；假设；出租,租给let out 放掉, 放大, 泄露let alone 丌管; 更丌必说outletn 出气口,通风口U13manufacturev制造,加工n制造,制造业；产品manufacturingn制造业, 工业manufacturern制造业者; 厂商prolong v延长,拉长;拖延;拖长音节等的发音promising adj有前途的,有希望的compromisen妥协, 折衷案, 折衷v互讥解决; 放弃; 连累,泄露; 妥协,typicaladj典型的,有代表性的variousadj各种各样的,丌同的variety n多样；种类；变化；品种；变种vary v改变；使多样化；变奏；变化；变异；违反variableadj可变的；易变的,多变的；变异的,畸变的n 变量；可变物,可变因素variationn变化；变异,变种；参数调节；波劢varyingadj丌同的,多种的invariablyadv总是；丌变地；一定地variedadj多变的；各弅各样的；verbal adj用言辞的,用文字的；口头的；劢词的nonverbaladj非语言的；非文字的；丌用劢词的virtue n美德,德行；优点,长处；功敁,敁力；贞操virtuallyadv亊实上,几乎；实质上virtualadj虚拟的；有敁的；实质上的,亊实上的virtuosityn精湛技艺；艺术鉴赏力；艺术爱好者disclaimv 放弃; 拒绝承讣; 否讣; 放弃权利; 否讣approachv靠近,接近,邻近n方法,途经claimv要求,主张,声称；索赔n要求,主张；断言；索赔,权利,所有权lay claim to对…提出所有权要求reclaimv使改过, 敃化, 使悔改; 回收利用; 开垦, 开拓; 驯服, 降服proclaimv宣告; 声明; 公布; 表明, 显示acclaimv 向...欢呼; 称赞; 为...喝彩; 宣布; 欢呼; 喝彩competev比赛；竞争compete against/with 不…竞争compete in 在…中竞争incompetentadj无能力的, 丌适当的, 无力的n无能力者competent：adj能干的, 有权能的, 胜仸的; 有法定资格的disciplinen纪律,觃定；学科；讦练v讦练, 惩罚distinguish v区别,辨别；辨讣出distinguished adj著名的；卓越的；高贵的U14familiar adj熟悉的,通晓的；亲近的unfamiliaradj丌熟悉的；丌常见的；没有经验的familiarityn熟悉,精通；亲密；随便figure out 弄清楚figure n体形；数字；图形；人物v算出,估计,推测grant v给予,授予；同意,准予n政府补劣釐；津贴take …for granted 想当然,讣为理所当然immigrantn秱民,侨民adj秱民的,迁入的justify v证明…是正当的,讣为有理labor n工作,劳劢；劳力,劳方v劳劢；苦干workforce n劳动力laboratoryn实验室,研究室elaborateadj精心制作的；详尽的；煞贶苦心的v精心制作；详绅阐述；变复杂laborsavingadj节省劳力的collaboratev合作；勾结,通敌collaborativelyadv合作地；协作地collaborativeadj合作的；协作的land n陆地,土地；田地,国土,国家v使登陆；使着陆landownern地主,土地所有者mainlandn大陆；本土adj大陆的；本土的landingn登陆；码头；楼梯平台landmarkn路标,地标；里程碑；地界标；划时代的亊islandn岛；岛屿；安全岛；岛状物adj岛的v孤立；使成lie v 躺,平放,位于n谎话,谎言underlie：v位于或存在于某物之下;极成…的基础或起因; 引起underlying adj 潜在的；根本的；在下面的；优先的massn大量,众多；团,块；质量adj大觃模的,群众的massiveadj大而重的, 大块的,可观的, 巨大的, 大量的biomassn 单位面积或体积内生物的数量massacren大屠杀v大屠杀noten笔记,记录,按语,注释,便条,短笺,含义,暗示；钞票,纸币v注意,记下,摘下take/make notes 做笔记denotev为…的符号; 为…的名称指示; 指出noteworthyadj值得注意的;显著的;重要的participatev参不,参加；分享,分担participationn 参加,参不,分享participatoryadj供人分享的positionn位置,职位,职务；姿势,姿态；见解,立场；形弅oppositionn反对,敌对；反对派,在野党propositionn命题,提讧；主题,讧题v向…提讧compositionn作文；作曲；极成,合成物dispositionn性情；倾向；处置；部署U15promptadj敂捷的,迅速的,卲刻的v激起,促进,推劢promptingn激励,提示,刺激propertyn财产,资产,所有物；性质,特性proportionn比例,部分,仹儿；均衡,相称disproportionatelyadv形成成比例地puzzlev使迷惑,使为难n难题,谜；迷惑puzzlementn迷惑; 谜; 贶解puzzledadj困惑的, 茫然的, 搞糊涂的reductionn减少,缩减reducev减少satisfyv满足,使满意,说服dissatisfiedadj丌满意的,丌愉快的,丌高兴的be dissatisfied with 对…不满意dissatisfactionn不满足,不满意,不令人满意的亊物satisfaction n满足,满意satisfiedadj感到满意的shiftv替换,转秱；秱劢n转秱；转换,转变；轮班downshiftv把排挡换至低速挡n换低速挡downshiftern放慢生活节奏的人stockv储存n备料,库存,现货；股票,公债stock price 股价laughing stock 笑柄stockholdern股东structure v极造,建造；组细, 极成n结极,极造；建筑物restructurev更改结极, 调整, 重建极造, 重排structuraladj结极的, 建筑的infrastructuren下部极造, 基础, 下部组细table n桌子,台子；目录,表格comfortableadj舒服的, 轻松的vegetablen蔬菜, 无精打采之人, 植物adj蔬菜的, 植物的notableadj值得注意的, 善理家的, 显著的n著名人士, 值得注意之亊物charitableadj慈悲为怀的; 慈善的; 仁慈的; 施舍慷慨的acceptableadj可以接受的; 令人满意的; 值得接受的; 可忍受的disputableadj有认论余地的; 真假可疑的unpredictableadj丌可预知的profitableadj有利润的, 赚钱的, 有利益的stablen马, 马棚; 一群赛马; 畜舍; 一群人adj稳定的, 牢固的; 可靠的,v把...拴入马厩; 住于厩中inevitableadj 丌可避免的; 必然的unacceptableadj 无法接受的, 丌受欢迎的suitableadj 适当的; 适宜的; 合适的regrettableadj 可叹的, 抱歉的, 可惜的respectableadj 值得尊重的, 丌少的, 人格高尚的U16unemployment n失业；失业人数employern 雇主; 老板employmentn 雇用, 工作, 职业employv 雇用, 使从亊于, 使用employeen 职员, 受雇人员, 员工weigh v称…重量,称；重达；考虑,权衡weightn 重量, 重担, 体重v加重量于, 使加权, 压迫outweighv 比...更重; 胜过advocate v提倡,鼓吹n提倡者,鼓吹者,支持者allow v允许,同意；考虑Shallow v变浅；使变浅adj浅的；肤浅的Shallownessn浅；肤浅allow for考虑到；顼及appropriate adj适当的；适合的v占用,拨出inappropriateadj丌适当的,丌相称的consequence n结果,后果,影响,重要性in consequence 因此,结果debate v/n争论,争辩demonstrate v论证,证实,展示,说明；示威游行demonstrationn示威游行element n元素,组成部分equal adj相等的；胜仸的v等于n地位相等的人,对等的亊物equallyadv相等地, 平等地, 同样地equatev使相等; 规为平等; 等同inequalityn丌均等; 丌平衡; 丌平等; 丌平坦equality n等同性; 平等; 同等federaladj联邦的frequentv 常到, 时常出入于, 常去adj 时常发生的, 快速的, 频繁的indicatev指出,指示；表明,暗示instance n例子,亊例;例证instantaneouslyadv瞬间的,顷刻的instantlyadv立刻,马上mobile adj可劢的,活劢的,运劢的automobilen汽车necessity n必要性,迫切需要；必需品necessaryadj必要的；必然的；必需的n必须品U17nevertheless adv仍然,不过conj然而,不过preserve v保护,维持；保存,保藏；腌制n保护区；禁猎地；加工成的食品radical adj基本的,重要的,根本的,激进的,枀端的respond v回答,答复,响应responsible adj负责的,可靠的,有责仸的irresponsibility n无责仸,无责仸感responsibility n责仸,职责response n回答,回应,反应,响应correspond v 符合,一致,相应,通信corresponding adj 相当的,相应的,一致的,通信的segment n部分,段,片,节segmental adj部分的sufficient adj足够的,充分的insufficient adj丌足的,丌充足的n丌足self-sufficient adj自给自足的,枀为自负的,过于自信的supply v供给,供应,满足需要,补足n供应,供应量supplier n供应厂商,供应国,供应者supplement n 补充,补遗；补充物；附录universal adj普遍的,全体的,通用的；宇宙的,世界的universen 宇宙, 思想等范围, 星系universally adv 普遍地; 到处; 全体地universalize v 使普遍化accessn接近,进入的方法,入口,通道accessibleadj可接近的,可进入的afford v负担的起,花的起；供给,给予unaffordableadj负担丌起的affordableadj负担的起的boom v迅速发展,兴旺；发出隆隆声n繁荣,迅速增长challenge v向…挑战n挑战；艰巨仸务unchallengedadj丌成问题的, 未受到挑战的, 未引起争论的U18compare v/n比较,相比,对比；比作comparableadj可比较的; 比得上的comparisonn 比较; 比喻; 对照comparativeadj比较的; 相当的compare with 不…比较compare to 比较,比喻complex adj复杂的；合成的,综合的n复合物, 综合体; 综合设施; 集团complexityn复杂; 复杂性; 复杂的亊物concept n概念,观念,思想preconceptionn预想, 偏见conceptionn概念,观念;想法;设想;极想;概念的形成;怀孕;胚胎;开始,创始consumer n顼客,消贶者consumptionn消贶; 消耗consumev消耗; 消贶; 消灭; 毁灭contribute v有劣于；贡献,捐劣,捐献；投稿contributionn捐劣, 贡献, 捐劣之物cover v包含；足以支付；经过,穿过n盖子,套子；书的封面recovern还原至预备姿势v恢复；弥补；重新获得；胜诉；重新得球recoveryn恢复,复原；痊愈；重获discoverv发现；发觉defend v防守,保卫；为…辩护,为…答辩defendern防卫者,守卫者；辩护者；拥护者；卫冕者defendantn被告deprive v夺去,使丧失born adj出生于…的,天生的,生来的bornev忍受；负荷；结果实inbornadj天生的；先天的emotion n情绪,情感emotionaladj表现强烈情感的, 令人劢情的, 易劢感情的, 情绪激劢的emphasis n强调,重点emphaticallyadv强调地;断然地;明显地emphasizev强调; 加强语气; 重读enhance v提高,增强enhanced adj增强的,提高的,放大的Chancellorn大臣, 司法官enhancement n增强,增加,提高用以增强、提高或美化之物U19ensure v确保,保证entitle v给以权利或资格;给…以称号;给…提名title n题目, 标题称号, 头衔权益, 权利冠军entitlement n授权, 有资格有权得到的东西subtitlen小标题, 副标题电影的字幕expose v使…暴露,使曝光；揭露,揭发；暴露be exposed to 被暴露在…之下posev摆姿势；装模作样；提出...认论；造成,形成n姿势；装模作样purpose n目的；用途；意志v决心；企图purposelyadv敀意地；蓄意地proposev建讧；打算,计划；求婚imposev强加；征税；利用；欺骗；施加影响composev极成,组成；写作,作曲；使平静；排字be composed of 组成composern作曲家；作家；设计者disposev处理；安排；决定n处置；性情opposev反对,抗争supposev猜想,料想；假设；讣为supposedadj假定的；被信以为真的；想象上的；被讣为的supposedlyadv可能；按照准则；恐怕intense adj强烈的,剧烈的,紧张的intensely adv紧张地intensity n强烈,强度intensify v增强,加剧intensive adj密集的extent n广度,宽度,长度；程度；限度；范围to some extent 在一定程度上；在某种程度上extensionn延长；延期；扩大；伸展extendv延伸；扩大；推广；伸出；给予；使...竭尽全力；对...估价extendedadj延伸的；扩展的；长期的；广大的extensiveadj广泛的；大量的；广阔的extensivelyadv广阔地；广大地；广泛地favor n恩惠,帮劣；好感,喜爱v赞成,支持；偏爱,偏袒favoriteadj最喜爱的；中意的；宠爱的n幸运儿；喜欢的亊物/人unfavorableadj丌宜的；令人丌快的；丌顺利的favorableadj有利的；良好的；赞成的；赞许的；认人喜欢的in favor of 有利于；支持；赞同feature n特征,特艱；特写或与题v起重要作用；以...为特艱；由...主演；特写guarantee v保证,担保n保证；保证institute n学会,研究所,学院,协会institution n机极；体系；制度institutional n机极的；体系的；制度的U20logical adj逡辑的,符合逡辑的psychological adj心理学的technological adj技术的,工艺的geological adj地质学的biological adj生物学的illogical adj丌合逡辑的logically adv逡辑上,合乎逡辑pathologicaladj病理学的,病态的astrological adj占星的chronological adj按年代顺序排列的theological adj神学的ecologicallyadv生态学地modify v更改,修改,改造,修饰modification n 修改,修正,改变multiple adj多样的,多重的n倍数multiply v乘；使增加；使繁殖adv多样地；复合地adj 多样的；多层的novel n长篇小说adj新奇的,新颖的net adj净的,纯净的n网,网状物v用网捕,使落网network n 网络,网状物,广播网Internet n因特网intranet n 内联网,企业内部网net-based 基于网络的internet-based adj基于互联网的,以网际网路为基础的philosopher n 哲学家,哲人philosophy: n哲学,哲理,人生哲学,见解philosophical:adj哲学上的,冷静的poetryn 诗歌,诗节poetn诗人possess v 占有,拥有session n会讧,一届会期；集会assessv.对…进行估价；评价,评论possessions n所有,占有；拥有；财产assessable adj可估计的,可评价的assessment n评价,评估obsess v使着迷,使困扰be obsessed with:对…着迷/困扰preciseadj精确的,准确的precisely adv 精确地, 准确地; 严格地, 一丝丌苟地; 清晰地, 明确地;reference n参考,参考书目；提及,涉及；证明书人；介绍人religion n 宗敃,信仰,信念religiousadj 宗敃的；虔诚的；严谨的；修道的n 修道士；尼姑remains n 剩余,残余,遗迹remainv保持；依然；留下；剩余；逗留；残存n遗迹；剩余物,残骸remaining adj 剩下的,剩余的remark n 评语；讧论；意见v 评论；谈论remarkable adj 卓越的；非凡的；值得注意的requirement n需求, 要求, 必要条件requirev需要, 要求, 命令U21restrict v限制,约束restrictionn限制; 约束strain n负担,扭伤v拉紧,尽力reveal v展现,显示；揭示,揭露；告诉,泄露occupyv占,占用；占据,占领；使忙碌,使从亊preoccupationn抢先占据; 全神贯注, 入神; 抢先占有; 与心的亊物, 关注的occupation n职业, 占有期间, 占有odd adj奇数的；奇怪的；单只的；临时的,丌固定的；带零头的,余的oddsn可能性；几率；赔率at odds 争执；丌一致parallel adj平行的,并联的；相同的,类似的unparalleled adj无比的, 空前的, 优良无比的Parliament：n国会,议会parliamentary adj议会的, 国会的; 合乎议会法觃的; 议会制定的; 议会政体的partial：adj部分的,局部的;丌完全的;丌公平的,偏袒的impartial adj公平的; 丌偏丌倚的partially adv部分地; 偏爱地; 偏袒地strategy n戓略,策略strategicn关键的,戓略上的succeed v成功suffer v使痛苦, 患病,遭受analysis n分析,分解anatomy n解剖,剖析balancev平衡,用天平称n天平,天秤counterbalance 平衡力,抵消committee n委员会,全体委员commissionn委员会;佣釐;犯;委任;委任状vt. 委任；使服役；委托制作commitmentn承诺,保证；承担义务；委托；献身commitv把…交托给；指派…作戓；使…承担义务；犯罪,做错亊comply v照做,遵照,应允comply with 照做,遵照conclusion n结论,推论；结束,终结in conclusion 最后,总之conclusive adj令人信服的,确凿的inconclusive adj非决定性的,无结果的concluding adj结束的U22exclusive adj与有的,与用的,独占的,掋他的exclusively adv与有地；掋外地；唯一地confirm v批准条约、任命,巩固戒加强权利、地位；证实affirm v断言; 证实firm adj结实的, 坚硬的n公司, 商行v使坚硬稳固infirmadj体弱的consciousadj意识到的,自觉的;有意识的consciousnessn知觉意识, 观念, 觉悟察觉, 感觉self-conscious adj丌自然的,忸怩的,害羞的<哲><心>有自我意识的,自觉的subconsciousadj下意识的;潜意识的unconscious adj失去知觉的丌知道的, 未察觉的conservativen保守主义者adj保守的,守旧的conservationn保存, 保护, 避免浪费对自然环境的保护convention n大会会议惯例习俗公约协定unconventional adj 非常规的非传统的不依惯例的corporation n公司企业团体corporate adj 法人的共同的全体的社团的decorate v授勋装饰装潢布置discard v丢弃抛弃放弃n 抛弃；被丢弃的东西戒人discourage v阷碍使泄气使失去信心courage n勇气胆量courageous adj勇气的有胆量的dominate v 支配；控制；统治；占优势dominance n优势；统治；支配dominant adj 支配的,主要的,统治的；占优势的；显性的n 显性predominance n 优势；卓赹dramatic adj 戏剧的；戏剧性的；引人注目的；突然的dramatize v 使戏剧化；编写剧本；改编成戏剧v 戏剧化dramatically adv 引人注目地；戏剧地elite n 上层人士；掊权人物；实力集团；精英exaggerate vt. 使扩大；使增大vi. 夸大；夸张exaggerated adj 夸张的,言过其实的executive n 总绊理,董亊,行政负责人adj执行的,实施的execution n 执行;完成;极刈expectation n 预期,期望,指望faulty adj 有缺点的,有错误的,丌完美的U23handle v 处理,对待,操纵；摸,抚养n 柄,把手hence：adv 从此,今后；因此insistv坚持要求,坚决主张Lattera后面的,末了的n后者lateradj/adv后杢的,之后licencev准许,认可n许可证,执照charter n 宪章；执照；特许状v 特许；包租；发给特许执照mankindn人类monopoly n垄断,与卖neglectv忽规,疏忽；漏做,忽略negotiationn谈判,洽谈negativeadj负的,小二零的；负面的occasionaladj偶然的,非绊常的,丌时的；临时的owingadj欠的,未付的owing to 由二previous adj早先的previously adv以前,预先地privilege n特权,优待v给不....特权,特免privileged adj享有特权的purchasev买,购买n购买的物品randomadj随机的,随意的n随机,随意releasev释放,解放；发表,发行n发表,发布remind v提醒,使想起remindern暗示;提醒的人/物;催单revenuen收入；财政收入,税收sortn种类,类别v分类,整理sort out 挑选出resort v 诉诸二,求劣二n度假胜地；手段。

unit 01statestatute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation statusassertaffirmpublic publication republican publicity publicized publiclyin public masscivillawclawlawfullawsuitflawLawyer legislation meanmeaningwell-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhileby means ofby no means indicateimplicationinfluenceinfluentialimpactlivealivedeliverdeliveryoutlivelivelinesslivelihoodlive offdwellresidesurvivesurvivalinhabitsettlefederalfederationFBICIAlargelargelyenlargeat largebulkyoutsizehugemarkmarketmarketplacemarkedmarketerremarkremarkablelandmarkblotspotstainsymbolsystemsystematicsystematicallyregimeorganizationstructurestressstressed-outhighlightemphasizestrainunit 02peergaze atstare atglare atcontemporaryissuetissueclaimproclaimdisclaimacclaimlay claim toallegecontendpatentintellectualpropertycourtcourteousLinehardlineunderlinedeclineonlineofflinecoastlinedeadlineinclinebaselineairlineoutlinelineagepipelineguidelinein line with seriesrowboundaryboundroutesuccession processionvalueovervalue devaluedworthsignificanceviewInterviewviewerreviewreviewer worldviewin view ofin viewon viewtake sth. in view = take sth. into account perspective individual individually collective economic uneconomic economics economically socioeconomicfiscal cliffIMFfinancialfiscalmonetarycreatecreaturecreativerecreatecreativitycreationcreationismcreationistprocreationlegalillegallawfullegitimateofficialconsiderconsiderationreconsiderconsiderableconsideringconsider···asunit 03subjectsubjectivebe subject toleadleadershipmisleadleaderpleadleadinglead onlead someone onlead up totake the leadintendintend to do =intend doing sth.sectoraccountaccountantaccount fortake into accountleave sth. out ofaccounton account ofdescriptionexplanationconsumerconsumptionconsumingconsumerismclientenvironmentenvironmentalenvironmentallyenvironmentalistsurroundingsatmospheresituationessayarticlematteras a matter offactsubstancestuffmaterialfundfundamentalfundamentallynonfundamentalistunderfundholdhouseholdholderwithhold shareholder shareholding stockholder stakeholderhold backhold onhold upclingwithstandseizefunctionfunctionalworkemployevidenceevidentproofconfirmation practicein practice performNotedenotenoteworthytake/make notes unit 04degreeagreementGreekconcernconcerned unconcerned concern oneself withas/so far as···be allow shallowallow forproductproductionproductiveproductivityinventionlevellow-levellevel offon the leveldo one’s level bestefforteffortlessinferinferiorityinferiorinferencededuceconcludeprofessionalprofessionalizeprofessionalizationprofessionalismprovideprovidedproviderprovisionofferchallengeunchallengedunit 05dealidealdealingdealershipdeal witha great deal ofcontractstructurerestructuringstructuralinfrastructurecontentcontentiondiscontentself-contentedimmigrantimmigrationemigratecomprehensioncomprehensionbeyond one’scomprehensionpotentialpossiblemassmassivemassarcebiomassrallycomparecomparablecomparisoncomparativecomparativelycompare withcompare tocontrastfeatureinvolveinvolvementrevolveevolvethreatmenaceunit 07material materialism materialistic observeobserverabidesurveyestablish establishmentwell-established establish oneself in launchwonderwonderfulno wonder approachaccess tocome up toget close tograntimmigrant take···for granted positionpositiveposture composition opposition proposition dispositionlocatesitebrainbrainstormbrain-drainterm determinedeterminedlyterminateterminallyin terms ofclauseincreasinglyincreasedlaborlaboratorytalentrespectrespectedrespectableindirectlystraightfranklyotherwiseelaboratelaborsavingcollaboratecollaborativelyworkforcemobiledetailcareerquitresignrenouncedepartessentialnecessaryvitalindispensablecoreheadheadachego-aheadheadlineheadwayheadlongheadhunterhead forchiefrespectivelyirrespectivelywithrespect toin respect ofesteemmaintainretainupholdsustainprimaryprimarilyprimeprincipalcentralunit 08relateinterrelatedcorrelatecorrelatedbe correlated withrelate tobondcommunedirectlydirectorydirectivelikewisereflectreflectionunreflectingrelect ondespitein spite ofdisciplinelandmainland landingelementelevateindicateexposeposepurpose proposeimpose composeopposesuppose supposedlybe exposed to be composed of as opposed to be supposed toreligion religioussuffersufferingsuffer sth.= suffer from sth. epidemicaddictpaymenthijackscalecircumstance under thecircumstance=in thecircumstancesthreatenprospectunit 09rejectrejectiondeclinerefusediscardoccuroccurrenceincurhappenarisemeetassemblecongregatepersonalinterpersonalpersonalityimpersonalindividualprivateindeedcertainlydefinitelymanagemanagermanageablemanagementadministerregulatecontrolrecognizeunrecognizedrecognitionobjectobjectionobjectiveobjectivityobjectivenessobject tosth./doing sth.trustdistrustmistrustedtrust fundput trust insb./sth.criticalcriticallyhypocriticalcriticizebe critical ofimmediateimmediatelyinstantletoutletlet outlet aloneadvocateinstanceinstantlyinstantaneouslyfor instancepreservemaintainunit 10conceptconceptionpreconception conceivenotionenhance enhanced chancellor enhancement boostheighten reference parallel unparalleled parachute succeedbe succeeded by conscious consciousness unconscious subconsciousbe conscious of be aware of deliberate spontaneous conservative conservation conserveenergy progressive globalcrisiscriticcriticism muscle muscular presence present representin the presence ofgenegeneticgenealogistgeneratecodeencodemoral coderetailretailerentailupsetupsettingdisturbancepartnerspouseversiondiversionunit 11governgovernmentgovernancegovernment-fundedself-governingbe governed byadministrateconductinterpretinterpretationmisinterpretdefinespecifyproveimproveproverbshowconfirmreturnreturningoverturnin return forindustrialindustryindustrializedindustrializationmeasureopposeopponentbe opposed torepeldenycounterimagineimageimagingimaginaryunimaginableimaginativedreampicturedropdrop bydrop outengageengagementengage inengage withpropertyassetunemploymentemployemployeremployeeemploymentunemployment ratedemonstraterespond responsible responsibility corresponding correspondentin respond toafford unaffordable afford tocomplex complexity perplexing intricate sophisticated ensureassurefavorfavorite favorable unfavorablein favor ofnovelnoveltyrequirement requireunit 12dominate dominant domestic predominance predominantly recruitpriority henceneglectnegativenegotiatebe neglectful ofoweowing torevenuetaxationvotedevotedelectioncampaignballotmiserybe sorrowful ofgriefroutineroutinelycircularbusrouteinevitableunavoidablesolveresolvesolutioncommercecommercializedcommerciale-commercecircuitintegrateintegrationintegrationdisintegrateintegrate withdisorderdistortunit 13highlyextremelyexceedinglynoticeat/on short noticetake notice ofadvertisementdetectobtainobtainablegainderivecharacterizebe characterizedbyportraydepictdeclineon the declinedescenddecreaseformerformformalformulaperformperformerperformanceperformativeformationreformatoryinformedinformativeinformallyconformconformity nonconformist transformation formulate formulation informativeness uninformed misinformation uniformity formidable previousvastvastly devastating effectiveeffect effectiveness effectively ineffectual ineffective efficientjustifytestifyverifyconfirm affirmlieunderlie underlyinglie inlie with sb. puzzle puzzlement puzzledconfusesatisfysatisfied dissatisfied dissatisfaction be satisfied with be dissatisfiedwithfulfillstockstock pricestock marketlaughingstockdebatecontroversydisputeequalequallyequateequalityequivalentfrequentlyfrequentrepeatedlyuniversaluniverseuniversallyuniversityuniversalizeoveralldepriveemotionemotionalsentimenttempermooddispositionmodifymodemodificationreviseamendrecastnetnetworkintranetInternet-basedphilosopherphilosophyphilosophicalpoetrypoetremainsremainremainingbalancewell-balancedcounterbalancelevel offbreak evensteadystabilizeunit 14eliteelitismgradualentrepreneurcolonycolonialcomplycomplicatecomplicatedcontactcontestin contact withhistorianinheritinherentprivilege privileged purchaserandomdescription describe definitionpictureadmitadmissionadoptadoptivecrucialessentialkeysignificant overridingquotequotationciterestore restoration reviverecoverresumeenableempowerpermitendeavorstrive foressayexternal internal agendaflexiblescheduleschedulecellcluecontextexertimpose sth. onoptionoptionalopportunityexceptionpermanentdurabletraitattributefeaturepeculiaritycatercater forcater tocapableunit 15dependentindependentreliantextremeextremelyultimateutmostradicalimplysimplyindicateinferexhibitexhibitionexpose toarrayeventuallypreventfinallyultimatelylabeltagbranddesignatepsychologytypicaltypicallysamplevariousvaryvariedvarietyvaryingvariablevariationfamiliarunfamiliarbe familiar withbe proficient inbe adept atintimateshiftdownshifttransferaltertransformneverthelessthoughradical radicallysufficient adequate affluent abundant ampleextent extension extend extended extensiveto some extentguarantee guaranteed pledgeconvention conventional unconventional expectation expect unexpected expectancy meet the expectation dimacceptanceclotheclothesluremarinenormnumerous numerical orchestraprivacyillusionillustratepursuepursuitinsistinsistenceconsist in/ofpersistpersevereupholdpreviouspreviouslyprimaryprimitivepriorreleasepublishdeliverannounceremindreminderremind sb. oftemporarychronicwhereaselsewherewiseotherwiselikewisewiselyprudentacknowledgeknowledgeknowledgeableannounceannouncementdeclareclaimproclaimcombinecombatcombine withintegratemergeenormousunit 16hostghosthostilehostilityhostagemilitarymilitaryintelligencearmednativealternativealternativelyprocedureworkingprocedurestartingprocedureloadingprocedurerecommendrecommendationcommendmastermasterpiecemasterybe proficient in be adept atbe good atpouroutpouringpour intostrengthen strengthburybury one’s head in the sandcelebrate celebritycropcrowndisaster catastropheorientorientedprevailreignquestrequestquestion unquestioned rearrearingreapspecialize specialize in vulnerable fragilebrittle ambiguousunambiguousobscureopaquevaguepeakparamountsummitclimaxpensionsuspensiongrantsubsidyallowancerageoutragein a ragefuryrecipienteliminateeliminationremotedistantfarawayfartherimmuneimmune toimplementimplementationtrialdoseunit 17expenseexpansioncostoutlayexpendituredesirabledesireadvisablepracticallypracticalitypracticalexperiencerealisticintentionintentionallypurposeintentreasonablereasonreasonablyreasonedlogicaldemocraticdemocracydemocratizedistributedistributiondistributionchannelpromisingprominentcompromiseverbalnonverbalcompetecompetitivecompetentcompetentlyincompetentlycompeteagainst/withrivaldistinguish distinguishedproportion appropriate inappropriatenecessity necessarysupplysupplier supplement emphasis emphasizestresshighlightintenseintensiveunit 18possessassess possession assessmentbearoccupyoccupation preoccupationbe occupied with captureoddodds atodds with peculiar strategy strategictacticapproach schemeplotconspiracyexclusiveinclusiveconfirmfirminfirmconfirm sb. inaffirmassertcertifytestifycorporationcorporateincorporateincorporate withenterprisedramaticdramatizedramaticallyexaggerateexaggeratedaggravateboastmagnifyendureendurancefeeblefeedbackflourishalienattendanceattendantmythmysteryoverlapoverseasoverwhelmperceivepilgrimprestigeindexhithertoimpulseindulgeinquiryleanresidentresistantresistancerevolutionarylatterlatelaterisolatefinalmankindhumankindhumanitycreaturebeingspeciesspanHispanicSpanishsupervise superstitionunit 19winwine windscreen windswingwindfallartificial artistic artificial intelligence falseaudience auditorbiasbiased prejudice crimecriminal discrimination curiositybe curious about/to dispute disputableencounter counterpart profound profoundlyprosperity prosperous render surrender give upyieldenlightenunenlightenedacquaintappriseexplosionblastburstingfadedissolvesinkvanishfoundationlengthlengthenlengthyat lengthstretchpanelpanel discussionpovertypoorpoorlyreluctantreluctantlybe reluctant to dosth.transactionaccompanycompanyaccuracyinaccuracyautoautonomousceasehaltsuspendpauseunit20contendmanipulatemanipulationtake charge of=be in charge ofcouncilthe State Councilenthusiasticenthusiasmenthusiasticallyinflationinflationaryinflatedeflationlikewisemoreoverfurthermoreoutcomeincomespeculatediffuseexplicitexplicitlydefinitefragmentfragmenteda fraction ofhookhorizonlobbyingmeritdemeritpenalty punishment sweeptrivialtrivialityitembe an item disgraceunit 21subtle subsequent boundrebound boundaryaboundbe bound tobe bound up with botherpreyrentcoherentorganize disorganized mobilizearrange perpetual appetizer dessertharmharmfulharmoniousharshpharmaceuticalhurtdamageelectronicelectronicselectronicallyrarerarelyuncommonexceptionaltreatretreatundertreatmentdealhandlevanishdiminishdisappeardividedividedseparatesplitmeremerelysheersimpleinvestinvestorinvestmentinvestigationmanufacturemanufacturingmanufacturerpromptprovokepromptingspurtablecomfortablecharitableacceptabledisputableprofitablestableunacceptablesuitableregrettablerespectableweightoutweighboombaby boomentitletitleentitlementsubtitlebe entitled tonominatedenominateinstituteinstitutioninstitutionalrestrictrestrictionrestrain sb. fromdoing sth.refrain from doingsth.constraincurbprohibitforbidpartialconclusion conclusive inconclusive concluding excludein conclusiondecorate ornamentdiscardget rid of cast off desert abandonunit 22 discourage courage courageous encouragedevilelderlybulkbulbbypasscaloriefacilitatefaintfashionablegratitudeengineering alliancebackwardbaitbanquetconstitutecopyrightcostlydamndeputyunit 23binbindbruisecensuscharterclaritymoanmockobsessionpassionprevalenthedgehypothesisintrudeknitkitrepertoiresenatehandleget rid ofdispose ofcope withmanageaddressmonopolypossessioncontrolstrivestripestrive forunit 24adaptadaptivenessreadmitcontemptcontemptibledensedenselyexhaustforecastmutualmutuallymutual benefitnowherepreferablepreferencereinforceenforcerenewsympathyshow sympathy for in sympathy with excelexcessexcessive excellent excellenceexcel in/atforthset forthback-and-forth and so forth frightening frustratebe frustratedby/withgraininferior inferiority initiativeinitiateinitial instrument instrumentalist mathematical mathematics missionmisscommission emissions-free admission submission commissioner unit 25poisonouspoisoningtoxicprimitivearchaicoriginalhumbleprintingblueprintprintprintoutprinterin printrushgold rushrush throughhustleswitchswitch onswitch offtempertemperamenttonemilestoneflagstonecolorultimateultimatelyeventuallyterminalviolentturbulentfiercewingpartysideworthynoteworthyworth doing sth.deserve sth.worthy ofalcoholanalogyanalogousresemblancesimilarityanticipateanticipationanticipate sb.doing sth.columncommoditygoodsmerchandiseconferconferenceconfer sth. on sb.confer withcounselcounselingattorneycultivatecultivationfostergrowactivatedeemdentistdeteriorateundermineembracehugevaluate evaluation estimateglimpsecatch/get a glimpse ofunit 26plausibleliterally observation outlookprospect physician surgeonretreatretreat from draw back withdrawslippink slipglideevadestablesubstitute substitute··for··tideviaadolescent anonymous authenticchopdisposablechopsticksbangbashcompelobligeexpelImpelbe compelled toconcessionconcede sth. to sb.make a concession/some concessionstocrackcrackedget crackinggapecollapsefloatfondfondnessbe fond ofideologydoctrinephilosophyimitationimitatesimulationmiserabledeplorableparcelpart and parcelperplexperplexedbewilderpuzzleconfusepreachinterprovincialadmonishsymbolsignsyntheticarticulatelyaspireaspire tobetraycementdisplacementreplacementpronouncementcomfortdiscomfortscatterscattereddispersedistributededucedeductibledumbeligiblefossilunit 27logicalpsychological technological geological biological pathological astrological theological ecologically chronological definite definitely definition indefinite indefinitely distinctspecificqualifybe qualified for modifybuncha bunch of prolongvirtuevirtualvirtually virtuosity moralitymeritparticipate participation participatory participate in reductionreducedefenddefender defendant precise preciselyprecisionaccurateremarkremarkableparliamentparliamentarythe House of Lords(of Britain)/theUpper Housethe Lower House/the Lower Chambercongressassemblycommitteecommitcommitmentcommunitycommit oneself tobe committed todedicatefaultyfaultat faultflawlapsedefectdrawbackshortcomingcraftsmancredentialrationaloperationallicencesanctionconsentcertifyapproveoccasionallycasuallyaccidentallyinfrequentlyrandomlysubstancesubstantialsubstantiallysubstantiateessenceaccelerateacceleratingacceleratedescalatedistractundistractedextractextravagantentertainmententertainerentertainingfatalcastforecasterforemostbe doomed to=be bound to=be destined topredictprophetglowglowingradiatebeamglitterincidentincidenceincidentalepisodeplainplateauordinaryquantity quantitativeunit 28readilyreaderstimulate stimulation arousemotivateinspiretextiletextile industry geology geologist geological ingraingracegravity antigravity hardshipplight predicamentinfectinfection irrigationjamblockhinderhamperhurdleobstacletraffic jam lever layerevemetropolitanmildmildlygentlemoderateorganicorganizedisorganizedorganismorganizationorganizationalphasepolethe South Poleprejudiceprejudice againstsensationsensationalsensibleundertakesuspicioussuspicionsuspiciouslysusceptibleskepticalquestionabletriumphfiascovainabusesubstanceabuseabuse one'sauthorityacquaintacquaintancebe acquainted withagentagencyburstburst intobreak intooutbreakcompensationcompensate forcoordinatecooperatecoordinateddiscerndistinguishdulldullnesstediousbluntunit 29eyebrowharborPearl Harborsheltershieldmoleculeoffspringposterityheirdescendantorbitorbitalportionratioprotein proportionresent resentment repent ofsakeforsakefor the sake ofshrink shrinkage sketchpetrolpatrolsuperficial shallowtherapy therapist music therapyaffiliate affiliationbe affiliated/ attached to agitate agitatedirritateannoyalphabet alphabetically vocabulary amend amendmentbold approximate approximately more or lessapproacharbitrarybureaucracybureaucratbrakecirculatecirculationcatholicdreadfulfearfulnastyappallingscarycontradictoryself-contradictoryparadoxicaldigestdigestivedroughtfamineearnestearnestnessin earnestscrupulousdiligentflavoraromaatmospherefrontierconfrontunit 30fumeinflamehospitalitybe hostile tohostilityhemisphereincompetentcompetentlyincompetentlycompetentincompetent to dosth.hydrogeningredientfactorelementcomponentinjectinjectioninject intoinsetinstalllestjunctiondisjunctionconjunctionconnectionjointlungat the top of(one's)lungsmicroscopemoldremoldmold sb./sth. intosb./sth.nervenervousnonsensepioneer forerunner predecessorpractitionerrefreshment refreshingrespectively individuallysloganmottoproverbstumblestumble across stumble upon tumblesymposiumvigorous vigorously robustvirusabreastbreadthabreast of keep abreast of bellyfulweary exhausted divorce casualty incapable capacitycapeescape scapegoat assaultassault on sb. bearinghave some bearing ontransfer transferable comedytragedyzigzagrelievereliefalleviate palliatehumble stereotypeBible。

unit 01statestatute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation statusassertaffirmpublic publication republican publicity publicized publiclyin public masscivillawclawlawfullawsuitflawLawyer legislation meanmeaningwell-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhileby means ofby no means indicateimplicationinfluenceinfluentialimpactlivealivedeliverdeliveryoutlivelivelinesslivelihoodlive offdwellresidesurvivesurvivalinhabitsettlefederalfederationFBICIAlargelargelyenlargeat largebulkyoutsizehugemarkmarketmarketplacemarkedmarketerremarkremarkablelandmarkblotspotstainsymbolsystemsystematicsystematicallyregimeorganizationstructurestressstressed-outhighlightemphasizestrainunit 02peergaze atstare atglare atcontemporaryissuetissueclaimproclaimdisclaimacclaimlay claim toallegecontendpatentintellectualpropertycourtcourteousLinehardlineunderlinedeclineonlineofflinecoastlinedeadlineinclinebaselineairlineoutlinelineagepipelineguidelinein line with seriesrowboundaryboundroutesuccession processionvalueovervalue devaluedworthsignificanceviewInterviewviewerreviewreviewer worldviewin view ofin viewon viewtake sth. in view = take sth. into account perspective individual individually collective economic uneconomic economics economically socioeconomicfiscal cliffIMFfinancialfiscalmonetarycreatecreaturecreativerecreatecreativitycreationcreationismcreationistprocreationlegalillegallawfullegitimateofficialconsiderconsiderationreconsiderconsiderableconsideringconsider···asunit 03subjectsubjectivebe subject toleadleadershipmisleadleaderpleadleadinglead onlead someone onlead up totake the leadintendintend to do =intend doing sth.sectoraccountaccountantaccount fortake into accountleave sth. out ofaccounton account ofdescriptionexplanationconsumerconsumptionconsumingconsumerismclientenvironmentenvironmentalenvironmentallyenvironmentalistsurroundingsatmospheresituationessayarticlematteras a matter offactsubstancestuffmaterialfundfundamentalfundamentallynonfundamentalistunderfundholdhouseholdholderwithhold shareholder shareholding stockholder stakeholderhold backhold onhold upclingwithstandseizefunctionfunctionalworkemployevidenceevidentproofconfirmation practicein practice performNotedenotenoteworthytake/make notes unit 04degreeagreementGreekconcernconcerned unconcerned concern oneself withas/so far as···be allow shallowallow forproductproductionproductiveproductivityinventionlevellow-levellevel offon the leveldo one’s level bestefforteffortlessinferinferiorityinferiorinferencededuceconcludeprofessionalprofessionalizeprofessionalizationprofessionalismprovideprovidedproviderprovisionofferchallengeunchallengedunit 05dealidealdealingdealershipdeal witha great deal ofcontractstructurerestructuringstructuralinfrastructurecontentcontentiondiscontentself-contentedimmigrantimmigrationemigratecomprehensioncomprehensionbeyond one’scomprehensionpotentialpossiblemassmassivemassarcebiomassrallycomparecomparablecomparisoncomparativecomparativelycompare withcompare tocontrastfeatureinvolveinvolvementrevolveevolveinvalid engage occupysegment section fractionaccess accessible access road cover coverage discover cloakreveal uncover unveil display disclose analysis anatomyprobeunit 06identify identity identity with recognizetitleentitle entitlement subtitle doubtdoubter undoubtedly doubtfulin doubtin no doubtphysical physicsgeophysicalphysicianmaterialbodilyintroduceintroductorylaunchinitiatefigurefigure outconductsemiconductorconductiveconductorbehaviorsteertelltellerintellectintellectualintellectualismintelligentintelligentlyintelligencesatelliteinformnotifylackblackenedslackslackenavailablebe available toobtainableaccessibleemergeemergenceemergencyemerge fromsurfaceoriginateappearexpresspressexpressionimpressimpressiveunimpressivedepressdepressiondepressantcompresspressingoppresspress forstateconveyconsequencein consequenceoutcomecontributecontributingcontributioncontribute tolead togive rise toexecutivecurrentcurvesortresortsort sth. outassortclassifysecuresafeguardshieldthreatmenaceunit 07material materialism materialistic observeobserverabidesurveyestablish establishmentwell-established establish oneself in launchwonderwonderfulno wonder approachaccess tocome up toget close tograntimmigrant take···for granted positionpositiveposture composition opposition proposition dispositionlocatesitebrainbrainstormbrain-drainterm determinedeterminedlyterminateterminallyin terms ofclauseincreasinglyincreasedlaborlaboratorytalentrespectrespectedrespectableindirectlystraightfranklyotherwiseelaboratelaborsavingcollaboratecollaborativelyworkforcemobiledetailcareerquitresignrenouncedepartessentialnecessaryvitalindispensablecoreheadheadachego-aheadheadlineheadwayheadlongheadhunterhead forchiefrespectivelyirrespectivelywithrespect toin respect ofesteemmaintainretainupholdsustainprimaryprimarilyprimeprincipalcentralunit 08relateinterrelatedcorrelatecorrelatedbe correlated withrelate tobondcommunedirectlydirectorydirectivelikewisereflectreflectionunreflectingrelect ondespitein spite ofdisciplinelandmainland landingelementelevateindicateexposeposepurpose proposeimpose composeopposesuppose supposedlybe exposed to be composed of as opposed to be supposed toreligion religioussuffersufferingsuffer sth.= suffer from sth. epidemicaddictpaymenthijackscalecircumstance under thecircumstance=in thecircumstancesthreatenprospectunit 09rejectrejectiondeclinerefusediscardoccuroccurrenceincurhappenarisemeetassemblecongregatepersonalinterpersonalpersonalityimpersonalindividualprivateindeedcertainlydefinitelymanagemanagermanageablemanagementadministerregulatecontrolrecognizeunrecognizedrecognitionobjectobjectionobjectiveobjectivityobjectivenessobject tosth./doing sth.trustdistrustmistrustedtrust fundput trust insb./sth.criticalcriticallyhypocriticalcriticizebe critical ofimmediateimmediatelyinstantletoutletlet outlet aloneadvocateinstanceinstantlyinstantaneouslyfor instancepreservemaintainunit 10conceptconceptionpreconception conceivenotionenhance enhanced chancellor enhancement boostheighten reference parallel unparalleled parachute succeedbe succeeded by conscious consciousness unconscious subconsciousbe conscious of be aware of deliberate spontaneous conservative conservation conserveenergy progressive globalcrisiscriticcriticism muscle muscular presence present representin the presence ofgenegeneticgenealogistgeneratecodeencodemoral coderetailretailerentailupsetupsettingdisturbancepartnerspouseversiondiversionunit 11governgovernmentgovernancegovernment-fundedself-governingbe governed byadministrateconductinterpretinterpretationmisinterpretdefinespecifyproveimproveproverbshowconfirmreturnreturningoverturnin return forindustrialindustryindustrializedindustrializationmeasureopposeopponentbe opposed torepeldenycounterimagineimageimagingimaginaryunimaginableimaginativedreampicturedropdrop bydrop outengageengagementengage inengage withpropertyassetunemploymentemployemployeremployeeemploymentunemployment ratedemonstraterespond responsible responsibility corresponding correspondentin respond toafford unaffordable afford tocomplex complexity perplexing intricate sophisticated ensureassurefavorfavorite favorable unfavorablein favor ofnovelnoveltyrequirement requireunit 12dominate dominant domestic predominance predominantly recruitpriority henceneglectnegativenegotiatebe neglectful ofoweowing torevenuetaxationvotedevotedelectioncampaignballotmiserybe sorrowful ofgriefroutineroutinelycircularbusrouteinevitableunavoidablesolveresolvesolutioncommercecommercializedcommerciale-commercecircuitintegrateintegrationintegrationdisintegrateintegrate withdisorderdistortunit 13highlyextremelyexceedinglynoticeat/on short noticetake notice ofadvertisementdetectobtainobtainablegainderivecharacterizebe characterizedbyportraydepictdeclineon the declinedescenddecreaseformerformformalformulaperformperformerperformanceperformativeformationreformatoryinformedinformativeinformallyconformconformity nonconformist transformation formulate formulation informativeness uninformed misinformation uniformity formidable previousvastvastly devastating effectiveeffect effectiveness effectively ineffectual ineffective efficientjustifytestifyverifyconfirm affirmlieunderlie underlyinglie inlie with sb. puzzle puzzlement puzzledconfusesatisfysatisfied dissatisfied dissatisfaction be satisfied with be dissatisfiedwithfulfillstockstock pricestock marketlaughingstockdebatecontroversydisputeequalequallyequateequalityequivalentfrequentlyfrequentrepeatedlyuniversaluniverseuniversallyuniversityuniversalizeoveralldepriveemotionemotionalsentimenttempermooddispositionmodifymodemodificationreviseamendrecastnetnetworkintranetInternet-basedphilosopherphilosophyphilosophicalpoetrypoetremainsremainremainingbalancewell-balancedcounterbalancelevel offbreak evensteadystabilizeunit 14eliteelitismgradualentrepreneurcolonycolonialcomplycomplicatecomplicatedcontactcontestin contact withhistorianinheritinherentprivilege privileged purchaserandomdescription describe definitionpictureadmitadmissionadoptadoptivecrucialessentialkeysignificant overridingquotequotationciterestore restoration reviverecoverresumeenableempowerpermitendeavorstrive foressayexternal internal agendaflexiblescheduleschedulecellcluecontextexertimpose sth. onoptionoptionalopportunityexceptionpermanentdurabletraitattributefeaturepeculiaritycatercater forcater tocapableunit 15dependentindependentreliantextremeextremelyultimateutmostradicalimplysimplyindicateinferexhibitexhibitionexpose toarrayeventuallypreventfinallyultimatelylabeltagbranddesignatepsychologytypicaltypicallysamplevariousvaryvariedvarietyvaryingvariablevariationfamiliarunfamiliarbe familiar withbe proficient inbe adept atintimateshiftdownshifttransferaltertransformneverthelessthoughradical radicallysufficient adequate affluent abundant ampleextent extension extend extended extensiveto some extentguarantee guaranteed pledgeconvention conventional unconventional expectation expect unexpected expectancy meet the expectation dimacceptanceclotheclothesluremarinenormnumerous numerical orchestraprivacyillusionillustratepursuepursuitinsistinsistenceconsist in/ofpersistpersevereupholdpreviouspreviouslyprimaryprimitivepriorreleasepublishdeliverannounceremindreminderremind sb. oftemporarychronicwhereaselsewherewiseotherwiselikewisewiselyprudentacknowledgeknowledgeknowledgeableannounceannouncementdeclareclaimproclaimcombinecombatcombine withintegratemergeenormousunit 16hostghosthostilehostilityhostagemilitarymilitaryintelligencearmednativealternativealternativelyprocedureworkingprocedurestartingprocedureloadingprocedurerecommendrecommendationcommendmastermasterpiecemasterybe proficient in be adept atbe good atpouroutpouringpour intostrengthen strengthburybury one’s head in the sandcelebrate celebritycropcrowndisaster catastropheorientorientedprevailreignquestrequestquestion unquestioned rearrearingreapspecialize specialize in vulnerable fragilebrittle ambiguousunambiguousobscureopaquevaguepeakparamountsummitclimaxpensionsuspensiongrantsubsidyallowancerageoutragein a ragefuryrecipienteliminateeliminationremotedistantfarawayfartherimmuneimmune toimplementimplementationtrialdoseunit 17expenseexpansioncostoutlayexpendituredesirabledesireadvisablepracticallypracticalitypracticalexperiencerealisticintentionintentionallypurposeintentreasonablereasonreasonablyreasonedlogicaldemocraticdemocracydemocratizedistributedistributiondistributionchannelpromisingprominentcompromiseverbalnonverbalcompetecompetitivecompetentcompetentlyincompetentlycompeteagainst/withrivaldistinguish distinguishedproportion appropriate inappropriatenecessity necessarysupplysupplier supplement emphasis emphasizestresshighlightintenseintensiveunit 18possessassess possession assessmentbearoccupyoccupation preoccupationbe occupied with captureoddodds atodds with peculiar strategy strategictacticapproach schemeplotconspiracyexclusiveinclusiveconfirmfirminfirmconfirm sb. inaffirmassertcertifytestifycorporationcorporateincorporateincorporate withenterprisedramaticdramatizedramaticallyexaggerateexaggeratedaggravateboastmagnifyendureendurancefeeblefeedbackflourishalienattendanceattendantmythmysteryoverlapoverseasoverwhelmperceivepilgrimprestigeindexhithertoimpulseindulgeinquiryleanresidentresistantresistancerevolutionarylatterlatelaterisolatefinalmankindhumankindhumanitycreaturebeingspeciesspanHispanicSpanishsupervise superstitionunit 19winwine windscreen windswingwindfallartificial artistic artificial intelligence falseaudience auditorbiasbiased prejudice crimecriminal discrimination curiositybe curious about/to dispute disputableencounter counterpart profound profoundlyprosperity prosperous render surrender give upyieldenlightenunenlightenedacquaintappriseexplosionblastburstingfadedissolvesinkvanishfoundationlengthlengthenlengthyat lengthstretchpanelpanel discussionpovertypoorpoorlyreluctantreluctantlybe reluctant to dosth.transactionaccompanycompanyaccuracyinaccuracyautoautonomousceasehaltsuspendpauseunit20contendmanipulatemanipulationtake charge of=be in charge ofcouncilthe State Councilenthusiasticenthusiasmenthusiasticallyinflationinflationaryinflatedeflationlikewisemoreoverfurthermoreoutcomeincomespeculatediffuseexplicitexplicitlydefinitefragmentfragmenteda fraction ofhookhorizonlobbyingmeritdemeritpenalty punishment sweeptrivialtrivialityitembe an item disgraceunit 21subtle subsequent boundrebound boundaryaboundbe bound tobe bound up with botherpreyrentcoherentorganize disorganized mobilizearrange perpetual appetizer dessertharmharmfulharmoniousharshpharmaceuticalhurtdamageelectronicelectronicselectronicallyrarerarelyuncommonexceptionaltreatretreatundertreatmentdealhandlevanishdiminishdisappeardividedividedseparatesplitmeremerelysheersimpleinvestinvestorinvestmentinvestigationmanufacturemanufacturingmanufacturerpromptprovokepromptingspurtablecomfortablecharitableacceptabledisputableprofitablestableunacceptablesuitableregrettablerespectableweightoutweighboombaby boomentitletitleentitlementsubtitlebe entitled tonominatedenominateinstituteinstitutioninstitutionalrestrictrestrictionrestrain sb. fromdoing sth.refrain from doingsth.constraincurbprohibitforbidpartialconclusion conclusive inconclusive concluding excludein conclusiondecorate ornamentdiscardget rid of cast off desert abandonunit 22 discourage courage courageous encouragedevilelderlybulkbulbbypasscaloriefacilitatefaintfashionablegratitudeengineering alliancebackwardbaitbanquetconstitutecopyrightcostlydamndeputyunit 23binbindbruisecensuscharterclaritymoanmockobsessionpassionprevalenthedgehypothesisintrudeknitkitrepertoiresenatehandleget rid ofdispose ofcope withmanageaddressmonopolypossessioncontrolstrivestripestrive forunit 24adaptadaptivenessreadmitcontemptcontemptibledensedenselyexhaustforecastmutualmutuallymutual benefitnowherepreferablepreferencereinforceenforcerenewsympathyshow sympathy for in sympathy with excelexcessexcessive excellent excellenceexcel in/atforthset forthback-and-forth and so forth frightening frustratebe frustratedby/withgraininferior inferiority initiativeinitiateinitial instrument instrumentalist mathematical mathematics missionmisscommission emissions-free admission submission commissioner unit 25poisonouspoisoningtoxicprimitivearchaicoriginalhumbleprintingblueprintprintprintoutprinterin printrushgold rushrush throughhustleswitchswitch onswitch offtempertemperamenttonemilestoneflagstonecolorultimateultimatelyeventuallyterminalviolentturbulentfiercewingpartysideworthynoteworthyworth doing sth.deserve sth.worthy ofalcoholanalogyanalogousresemblancesimilarityanticipateanticipationanticipate sb.doing sth.columncommoditygoodsmerchandiseconferconferenceconfer sth. on sb.confer withcounselcounselingattorneycultivatecultivationfostergrowactivatedeemdentistdeteriorateundermineembracehugevaluate evaluation estimateglimpsecatch/get a glimpse ofunit 26plausibleliterally observation outlookprospect physician surgeonretreatretreat from draw back withdrawslippink slipglideevadestablesubstitute substitute··for··tideviaadolescent anonymous authenticchopdisposablechopsticksbangbashcompelobligeexpelImpelbe compelled toconcessionconcede sth. to sb.make a concession/some concessionstocrackcrackedget crackinggapecollapsefloatfondfondnessbe fond ofideologydoctrinephilosophyimitationimitatesimulationmiserabledeplorableparcelpart and parcelperplexperplexedbewilderpuzzleconfusepreachinterprovincialadmonishsymbolsignsyntheticarticulatelyaspireaspire tobetraycementdisplacementreplacementpronouncementcomfortdiscomfortscatterscattereddispersedistributededucedeductibledumbeligiblefossilunit 27logicalpsychological technological geological biological pathological astrological theological ecologically chronological definite definitely definition indefinite indefinitely distinctspecificqualifybe qualified for modifybuncha bunch of prolongvirtuevirtualvirtually virtuosity moralitymeritparticipate participation participatory participate in reductionreducedefenddefender defendant precise preciselyprecisionaccurateremarkremarkableparliamentparliamentarythe House of Lords(of Britain)/theUpper Housethe Lower House/the Lower Chambercongressassemblycommitteecommitcommitmentcommunitycommit oneself tobe committed todedicatefaultyfaultat faultflawlapsedefectdrawbackshortcomingcraftsmancredentialrationaloperationallicencesanctionconsentcertifyapproveoccasionallycasuallyaccidentallyinfrequentlyrandomlysubstancesubstantialsubstantiallysubstantiateessenceaccelerateacceleratingacceleratedescalatedistractundistractedextractextravagantentertainmententertainerentertainingfatalcastforecasterforemostbe doomed to=be bound to=be destined topredictprophetglowglowingradiatebeamglitterincidentincidenceincidentalepisodeplainplateauordinaryquantity quantitativeunit 28readilyreaderstimulate stimulation arousemotivateinspiretextiletextile industry geology geologist geological ingraingracegravity antigravity hardshipplight predicamentinfectinfection irrigationjamblockhinderhamperhurdleobstacletraffic jam lever layerevemetropolitanmildmildlygentlemoderateorganicorganizedisorganizedorganismorganizationorganizationalphasepolethe South Poleprejudiceprejudice againstsensationsensationalsensibleundertakesuspicioussuspicionsuspiciouslysusceptibleskepticalquestionabletriumphfiascovainabusesubstanceabuseabuse one'sauthorityacquaintacquaintancebe acquainted withagentagencyburstburst intobreak intooutbreakcompensationcompensate forcoordinatecooperatecoordinateddiscerndistinguishdulldullnesstediousbluntunit 29eyebrowharborPearl Harborsheltershieldmoleculeoffspringposterityheirdescendantorbitorbitalportionratioprotein proportionresent resentment repent ofsakeforsakefor the sake ofshrink shrinkage sketchpetrolpatrolsuperficial shallowtherapy therapist music therapyaffiliate affiliationbe affiliated/ attached to agitate agitatedirritateannoyalphabet alphabetically vocabulary amend amendmentbold approximate approximately more or lessapproacharbitrarybureaucracybureaucratbrakecirculatecirculationcatholicdreadfulfearfulnastyappallingscarycontradictoryself-contradictoryparadoxicaldigestdigestivedroughtfamineearnestearnestnessin earnestscrupulousdiligentflavoraromaatmospherefrontierconfrontunit 30fumeinflamehospitalitybe hostile tohostilityhemisphereincompetentcompetentlyincompetentlycompetentincompetent to dosth.hydrogeningredientfactorelementcomponentinjectinjectioninject intoinsetinstalllestjunctiondisjunctionconjunctionconnectionjointlungat the top of(one's)lungsmicroscopemoldremoldmold sb./sth. intosb./sth.nervenervousnonsensepioneer forerunner predecessorpractitionerrefreshment refreshingrespectively individuallysloganmottoproverbstumblestumble across stumble upon tumblesymposiumvigorous vigorously robustvirusabreastbreadthabreast of keep abreast of bellyfulweary exhausted divorce casualty incapable capacitycapeescape scapegoat assaultassault on sb. bearinghave some bearing ontransfer transferable comedytragedyzigzagrelievereliefalleviate palliatehumble stereotypeBible。

unit 01statestatute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation statusassertaffirmpublic publication republican publicity publicized publiclyin public masscivillawclawlawfullawsuitflawLawyer legislation meanmeaningwell-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhileby means ofby no means indicateimplicationinfluenceinfluentialimpactlivealivedeliverdeliveryoutlivelivelinesslivelihoodlive offdwellresidesurvivesurvivalinhabitsettlefederalfederationFBICIAlargelargelyenlargeat largebulkyoutsizehugemarkmarketmarketplacemarkedmarketerremarkremarkablelandmarkblotspotstainsymbolsystemsystematicsystematicallyregimeorganizationstructurestressstressed-outhighlightemphasizestrainunit 02peergaze atstare atglare atcontemporaryissuetissueclaimproclaimdisclaimacclaimlay claim toallegecontendpatentintellectualpropertycourtcourteousLinehardlineunderlinedeclineonlineofflinecoastlinedeadlineinclinebaselineairlineoutlinelineagepipelineguidelinein line with seriesrowboundaryboundroutesuccession processionvalueovervalue devaluedworthsignificanceviewInterviewviewerreviewreviewer worldviewin view ofin viewon viewtake sth. in view = take sth. into account perspective individual individually collective economic uneconomic economics economically socioeconomicfiscal cliffIMFfinancialfiscalmonetarycreatecreaturecreativerecreatecreativitycreationcreationismcreationistprocreationlegalillegallawfullegitimateofficialconsiderconsiderationreconsiderconsiderableconsideringconsider···asunit 03subjectsubjectivebe subject toleadleadershipmisleadleaderpleadleadinglead onlead someone onlead up totake the leadintendintend to do =intend doing sth.sectoraccountaccountantaccount fortake into accountleave sth. out ofaccounton account ofdescriptionexplanationconsumerconsumptionconsumingconsumerismclientenvironmentenvironmentalenvironmentallyenvironmentalistsurroundingsatmospheresituationessayarticlematteras a matter offactsubstancestuffmaterialfundfundamentalfundamentallynonfundamentalistunderfundholdhouseholdholderwithhold shareholder shareholding stockholder stakeholderhold backhold onhold upclingwithstandseizefunctionfunctionalworkemployevidenceevidentproofconfirmation practicein practice performNotedenotenoteworthytake/make notes unit 04degreeagreementGreekconcernconcerned unconcerned concern oneself withas/so far as···be allow shallowallow forproductproductionproductiveproductivityinventionlevellow-levellevel offon the leveldo one’s level bestefforteffortlessinferinferiorityinferiorinferencededuceconcludeprofessionalprofessionalizeprofessionalizationprofessionalismprovideprovidedproviderprovisionofferchallengeunchallengedunit 05dealidealdealingdealershipdeal witha great deal ofcontractstructurerestructuringstructuralinfrastructurecontentcontentiondiscontentself-contentedimmigrantimmigrationemigratecomprehensioncomprehensionbeyond one’scomprehensionpotentialpossiblemassmassivemassarcebiomassrallycomparecomparablecomparisoncomparativecomparativelycompare withcompare tocontrastfeatureinvolveinvolvementrevolveevolveinvalid engage occupysegment section fractionaccess accessible access road cover coverage discover cloakreveal uncover unveil display disclose analysis anatomyprobeunit 06identify identity identity with recognizetitleentitle entitlement subtitle doubtdoubter undoubtedly doubtfulin doubtin no doubtphysical physicsgeophysicalphysicianmaterialbodilyintroduceintroductorylaunchinitiatefigurefigure outconductsemiconductorconductiveconductorbehaviorsteertelltellerintellectintellectualintellectualismintelligentintelligentlyintelligencesatelliteinformnotifylackblackenedslackslackenavailablebe available toobtainableaccessibleemergeemergenceemergencyemerge fromsurfaceoriginateappearexpresspressexpressionimpressimpressiveunimpressivedepressdepressiondepressantcompresspressingoppresspress forstateconveyconsequencein consequenceoutcomecontributecontributingcontributioncontribute tolead togive rise toexecutivecurrentcurvesortresortsort sth. outassortclassifysecuresafeguardshieldthreatmenaceunit 07material materialism materialistic observeobserverabidesurveyestablish establishmentwell-established establish oneself in launchwonderwonderfulno wonder approachaccess tocome up toget close tograntimmigrant take···for granted positionpositiveposture composition opposition proposition dispositionlocatesitebrainbrainstormbrain-drainterm determinedeterminedlyterminateterminallyin terms ofclauseincreasinglyincreasedlaborlaboratorytalentrespectrespectedrespectableindirectlystraightfranklyotherwiseelaboratelaborsavingcollaboratecollaborativelyworkforcemobiledetailcareerquitresignrenouncedepartessentialnecessaryvitalindispensablecoreheadheadachego-aheadheadlineheadwayheadlongheadhunterhead forchiefrespectivelyirrespectivelywithrespect toin respect ofesteemmaintainretainupholdsustainprimaryprimarilyprimeprincipalcentralunit 08relateinterrelatedcorrelatecorrelatedbe correlated withrelate tobondcommunedirectlydirectorydirectivelikewisereflectreflectionunreflectingrelect ondespitein spite ofdisciplinelandmainland landingelementelevateindicateexposeposepurpose proposeimpose composeopposesuppose supposedlybe exposed to be composed of as opposed to be supposed toreligion religioussuffersufferingsuffer sth.= suffer from sth. epidemicaddictpaymenthijackscalecircumstance under thecircumstance=in thecircumstancesthreatenprospectunit 09rejectrejectiondeclinerefusediscardoccuroccurrenceincurhappenarisemeetassemblecongregatepersonalinterpersonalpersonalityimpersonalindividualprivateindeedcertainlydefinitelymanagemanagermanageablemanagementadministerregulatecontrolrecognizeunrecognizedrecognitionobjectobjectionobjectiveobjectivityobjectivenessobject tosth./doing sth.trustdistrustmistrustedtrust fundput trust insb./sth.criticalcriticallyhypocriticalcriticizebe critical ofimmediateimmediatelyinstantletoutletlet outlet aloneadvocateinstanceinstantlyinstantaneouslyfor instancepreservemaintainunit 10conceptconceptionpreconception conceivenotionenhance enhanced chancellor enhancement boostheighten reference parallel unparalleled parachute succeedbe succeeded by conscious consciousness unconscious subconsciousbe conscious of be aware of deliberate spontaneous conservative conservation conserveenergy progressive globalcrisiscriticcriticism muscle muscular presence present representin the presence ofgenegeneticgenealogistgeneratecodeencodemoral coderetailretailerentailupsetupsettingdisturbancepartnerspouseversiondiversionunit 11governgovernmentgovernancegovernment-fundedself-governingbe governed byadministrateconductinterpretinterpretationmisinterpretdefinespecifyproveimproveproverbshowconfirmreturnreturningoverturnin return forindustrialindustryindustrializedindustrializationmeasureopposeopponentbe opposed torepeldenycounterimagineimageimagingimaginaryunimaginableimaginativedreampicturedropdrop bydrop outengageengagementengage inengage withpropertyassetunemploymentemployemployeremployeeemploymentunemployment ratedemonstraterespond responsible responsibility corresponding correspondentin respond toafford unaffordable afford tocomplex complexity perplexing intricate sophisticated ensureassurefavorfavorite favorable unfavorablein favor ofnovelnoveltyrequirement requireunit 12dominate dominant domestic predominance predominantly recruitpriority henceneglectnegativenegotiatebe neglectful ofoweowing torevenuetaxationvotedevotedelectioncampaignballotmiserybe sorrowful ofgriefroutineroutinelycircularbusrouteinevitableunavoidablesolveresolvesolutioncommercecommercializedcommerciale-commercecircuitintegrateintegrationintegrationdisintegrateintegrate withdisorderdistortunit 13highlyextremelyexceedinglynoticeat/on short noticetake notice ofadvertisementdetectobtainobtainablegainderivecharacterizebe characterizedbyportraydepictdeclineon the declinedescenddecreaseformerformformalformulaperformperformerperformanceperformativeformationreformatoryinformedinformativeinformallyconformconformity nonconformist transformation formulate formulation informativeness uninformed misinformation uniformity formidable previousvastvastly devastating effectiveeffect effectiveness effectively ineffectual ineffective efficientjustifytestifyverifyconfirm affirmlieunderlie underlyinglie inlie with sb. puzzle puzzlement puzzledconfusesatisfysatisfied dissatisfied dissatisfaction be satisfied with be dissatisfiedwithfulfillstockstock pricestock marketlaughingstockdebatecontroversydisputeequalequallyequateequalityequivalentfrequentlyfrequentrepeatedlyuniversaluniverseuniversallyuniversityuniversalizeoveralldepriveemotionemotionalsentimenttempermooddispositionmodifymodemodificationreviseamendrecastnetnetworkintranetInternet-basedphilosopherphilosophyphilosophicalpoetrypoetremainsremainremainingbalancewell-balancedcounterbalancelevel offbreak evensteadystabilizeunit 14eliteelitismgradualentrepreneurcolonycolonialcomplycomplicatecomplicatedcontactcontestin contact withhistorianinheritinherentprivilege privileged purchaserandomdescription describe definitionpictureadmitadmissionadoptadoptivecrucialessentialkeysignificant overridingquotequotationciterestore restoration reviverecoverresumeenableempowerpermitendeavorstrive foressayexternal internal agendaflexiblescheduleschedulecellcluecontextexertimpose sth. onoptionoptionalopportunityexceptionpermanentdurabletraitattributefeaturepeculiaritycatercater forcater tocapableunit 15dependentindependentreliantextremeextremelyultimateutmostradicalimplysimplyindicateinferexhibitexhibitionexpose toarrayeventuallypreventfinallyultimatelylabeltagbranddesignatepsychologytypicaltypicallysamplevariousvaryvariedvarietyvaryingvariablevariationfamiliarunfamiliarbe familiar withbe proficient inbe adept atintimateshiftdownshifttransferaltertransformneverthelessthoughradical radicallysufficient adequate affluent abundant ampleextent extension extend extended extensiveto some extentguarantee guaranteed pledgeconvention conventional unconventional expectation expect unexpected expectancy meet the expectation dimacceptanceclotheclothesluremarinenormnumerous numerical orchestraprivacyillusionillustratepursuepursuitinsistinsistenceconsist in/ofpersistpersevereupholdpreviouspreviouslyprimaryprimitivepriorreleasepublishdeliverannounceremindreminderremind sb. oftemporarychronicwhereaselsewherewiseotherwiselikewisewiselyprudentacknowledgeknowledgeknowledgeableannounceannouncementdeclareclaimproclaimcombinecombatcombine withintegratemergeenormousunit 16hostghosthostilehostilityhostagemilitarymilitaryintelligencearmednativealternativealternativelyprocedureworkingprocedurestartingprocedureloadingprocedurerecommendrecommendationcommendmastermasterpiecemasterybe proficient in be adept atbe good atpouroutpouringpour intostrengthen strengthburybury one’s head in the sandcelebrate celebritycropcrowndisaster catastropheorientorientedprevailreignquestrequestquestion unquestioned rearrearingreapspecialize specialize in vulnerable fragilebrittle ambiguousunambiguousobscureopaquevaguepeakparamountsummitclimaxpensionsuspensiongrantsubsidyallowancerageoutragein a ragefuryrecipienteliminateeliminationremotedistantfarawayfartherimmuneimmune toimplementimplementationtrialdoseunit 17expenseexpansioncostoutlayexpendituredesirabledesireadvisablepracticallypracticalitypracticalexperiencerealisticintentionintentionallypurposeintentreasonablereasonreasonablyreasonedlogicaldemocraticdemocracydemocratizedistributedistributiondistributionchannelpromisingprominentcompromiseverbalnonverbalcompetecompetitivecompetentcompetentlyincompetentlycompeteagainst/withrivaldistinguish distinguishedproportion appropriate inappropriatenecessity necessarysupplysupplier supplement emphasis emphasizestresshighlightintenseintensiveunit 18possessassess possession assessmentbearoccupyoccupation preoccupationbe occupied with captureoddodds atodds with peculiar strategy strategictacticapproach schemeplotconspiracyexclusiveinclusiveconfirmfirminfirmconfirm sb. inaffirmassertcertifytestifycorporationcorporateincorporateincorporate withenterprisedramaticdramatizedramaticallyexaggerateexaggeratedaggravateboastmagnifyendureendurancefeeblefeedbackflourishalienattendanceattendantmythmysteryoverlapoverseasoverwhelmperceivepilgrimprestigeindexhithertoimpulseindulgeinquiryleanresidentresistantresistancerevolutionarylatterlatelaterisolatefinalmankindhumankindhumanitycreaturebeingspeciesspanHispanicSpanishsupervise superstitionunit 19winwine windscreen windswingwindfallartificial artistic artificial intelligence falseaudience auditorbiasbiased prejudice crimecriminal discrimination curiositybe curious about/to dispute disputableencounter counterpart profound profoundlyprosperity prosperous render surrender give upyieldenlightenunenlightenedacquaintappriseexplosionblastburstingfadedissolvesinkvanishfoundationlengthlengthenlengthyat lengthstretchpanelpanel discussionpovertypoorpoorlyreluctantreluctantlybe reluctant to dosth.transactionaccompanycompanyaccuracyinaccuracyautoautonomousceasehaltsuspendpauseunit20contendmanipulatemanipulationtake charge of=be in charge ofcouncilthe State Councilenthusiasticenthusiasmenthusiasticallyinflationinflationaryinflatedeflationlikewisemoreoverfurthermoreoutcomeincomespeculatediffuseexplicitexplicitlydefinitefragmentfragmenteda fraction ofhookhorizonlobbyingmeritdemeritpenalty punishment sweeptrivialtrivialityitembe an item disgraceunit 21subtle subsequent boundrebound boundaryaboundbe bound tobe bound up with botherpreyrentcoherentorganize disorganized mobilizearrange perpetual appetizer dessertharmharmfulharmoniousharshpharmaceuticalhurtdamageelectronicelectronicselectronicallyrarerarelyuncommonexceptionaltreatretreatundertreatmentdealhandlevanishdiminishdisappeardividedividedseparatesplitmeremerelysheersimpleinvestinvestorinvestmentinvestigationmanufacturemanufacturingmanufacturerpromptprovokepromptingspurtablecomfortablecharitableacceptabledisputableprofitablestableunacceptablesuitableregrettablerespectableweightoutweighboombaby boomentitletitleentitlementsubtitlebe entitled tonominatedenominateinstituteinstitutioninstitutionalrestrictrestrictionrestrain sb. fromdoing sth.refrain from doingsth.constraincurbprohibitforbidpartialconclusion conclusive inconclusive concluding excludein conclusiondecorate ornamentdiscardget rid of cast off desert abandonunit 22 discourage courage courageous encouragedevilelderlybulkbulbbypasscaloriefacilitatefaintfashionablegratitudeengineering alliancebackwardbaitbanquetconstitutecopyrightcostlydamndeputyunit 23binbindbruisecensuscharterclaritymoanmockobsessionpassionprevalenthedgehypothesisintrudeknitkitrepertoiresenatehandleget rid ofdispose ofcope withmanageaddressmonopolypossessioncontrolstrivestripestrive forunit 24adaptadaptivenessreadmitcontemptcontemptibledensedenselyexhaustforecastmutualmutuallymutual benefitnowherepreferablepreferencereinforceenforcerenewsympathyshow sympathy for in sympathy with excelexcessexcessive excellent excellenceexcel in/atforthset forthback-and-forth and so forth frightening frustratebe frustratedby/withgraininferior inferiority initiativeinitiateinitial instrument instrumentalist mathematical mathematics missionmisscommission emissions-free admission submission commissioner unit 25poisonouspoisoningtoxicprimitivearchaicoriginalhumbleprintingblueprintprintprintoutprinterin printrushgold rushrush throughhustleswitchswitch onswitch offtempertemperamenttonemilestoneflagstonecolorultimateultimatelyeventuallyterminalviolentturbulentfiercewingpartysideworthynoteworthyworth doing sth.deserve sth.worthy ofalcoholanalogyanalogousresemblancesimilarityanticipateanticipationanticipate sb.doing sth.columncommoditygoodsmerchandiseconferconferenceconfer sth. on sb.confer withcounselcounselingattorneycultivatecultivationfostergrowactivatedeemdentistdeteriorateundermineembracehugevaluate evaluation estimateglimpsecatch/get a glimpse ofunit 26plausibleliterally observation outlookprospect physician surgeonretreatretreat from draw back withdrawslippink slipglideevadestablesubstitute substitute··for··tideviaadolescent anonymous authenticchopdisposablechopsticksbangbashcompelobligeexpelImpelbe compelled toconcessionconcede sth. to sb.make a concession/some concessionstocrackcrackedget crackinggapecollapsefloatfondfondnessbe fond ofideologydoctrinephilosophyimitationimitatesimulationmiserabledeplorableparcelpart and parcelperplexperplexedbewilderpuzzleconfusepreachinterprovincialadmonishsymbolsignsyntheticarticulatelyaspireaspire tobetraycementdisplacementreplacementpronouncementcomfortdiscomfortscatterscattereddispersedistributededucedeductibledumbeligiblefossilunit 27logicalpsychological technological geological biological pathological astrological theological ecologically chronological definite definitely definition indefinite indefinitely distinctspecificqualifybe qualified for modifybuncha bunch of prolongvirtuevirtualvirtually virtuosity moralitymeritparticipate participation participatory participate in reductionreducedefenddefender defendant precise preciselyprecisionaccurateremarkremarkableparliamentparliamentarythe House of Lords(of Britain)/theUpper Housethe Lower House/the Lower Chambercongressassemblycommitteecommitcommitmentcommunitycommit oneself tobe committed todedicatefaultyfaultat faultflawlapsedefectdrawbackshortcomingcraftsmancredentialrationaloperationallicencesanctionconsentcertifyapproveoccasionallycasuallyaccidentallyinfrequentlyrandomlysubstancesubstantialsubstantiallysubstantiateessenceaccelerateacceleratingacceleratedescalatedistractundistractedextractextravagantentertainmententertainerentertainingfatalcastforecasterforemostbe doomed to=be bound to=be destined topredictprophetglowglowingradiatebeamglitterincidentincidenceincidentalepisodeplainplateauordinaryquantity quantitativeunit 28readilyreaderstimulate stimulation arousemotivateinspiretextiletextile industry geology geologist geological ingraingracegravity antigravity hardshipplight predicamentinfectinfection irrigationjamblockhinderhamperhurdleobstacletraffic jam lever layerevemetropolitanmildmildlygentlemoderateorganicorganizedisorganizedorganismorganizationorganizationalphasepolethe South Poleprejudiceprejudice againstsensationsensationalsensibleundertakesuspicioussuspicionsuspiciouslysusceptibleskepticalquestionabletriumphfiascovainabusesubstanceabuseabuse one'sauthorityacquaintacquaintancebe acquainted withagentagencyburstburst intobreak intooutbreakcompensationcompensate forcoordinatecooperatecoordinateddiscerndistinguishdulldullnesstediousbluntunit 29eyebrowharborPearl Harborsheltershieldmoleculeoffspringposterityheirdescendantorbitorbitalportionratioprotein proportionresent resentment repent ofsakeforsakefor the sake ofshrink shrinkage sketchpetrolpatrolsuperficial shallowtherapy therapist music therapyaffiliate affiliationbe affiliated/ attached to agitate agitatedirritateannoyalphabet alphabetically vocabulary amend amendmentbold approximate approximately more or lessapproacharbitrarybureaucracybureaucratbrakecirculatecirculationcatholicdreadfulfearfulnastyappallingscarycontradictoryself-contradictoryparadoxicaldigestdigestivedroughtfamineearnestearnestnessin earnestscrupulousdiligentflavoraromaatmospherefrontierconfrontunit 30fumeinflamehospitalitybe hostile tohostilityhemisphereincompetentcompetentlyincompetentlycompetentincompetent to dosth.hydrogeningredientfactorelementcomponentinjectinjectioninject intoinsetinstalllestjunctiondisjunctionconjunctionconnectionjointlungat the top of(one's)lungsmicroscopemoldremoldmold sb./sth. intosb./sth.nervenervousnonsensepioneer forerunner predecessorpractitionerrefreshment refreshingrespectively individuallysloganmottoproverbstumblestumble across stumble upon tumblesymposiumvigorous vigorously robustvirusabreastbreadthabreast of keep abreast of bellyfulweary exhausted divorce casualty incapable capacitycapeescape scapegoat assaultassault on sb. bearinghave some bearing ontransfer transferable comedytragedyzigzagrelievereliefalleviate palliatehumble stereotypeBible。

★Unit 01★state n. 状态，情况；国；州v. 陈述；说明；规定statute n. 法令；法规manifestation n. 显示，表现；示威运动statistic n. 统计数值adj. 统计的；统计学的statistical adj. 统计的；统计学的stationary adj. 固定的；静止的，不动的statement n. (正式或明确的口头或书面) 陈述，声明；(意见或观点的)表现，表达understatement n. 保守陈述；不充分的陈述；轻描淡写overstate v. 夸张，夸大地叙述statesman n. 政治家estate n. 房地产；身份；财产devastate v. 毁灭，毁坏devastating adj. 毁灭性的；极具破坏力的workstation n. 工作台status n. 地位；情形；状况；重要身份assert v. 坚称；断言；表明affirm v. 断言；肯定；证实public adj. 公众的；公共的；公开的n. 公众，民众publication n. 出版；发行；出版物；发行物；公布；发布republican adj. 共和国的；共和政体的；(美国)共和党的；支持共和党的n.拥护共和政体者；共和主义者publicity n.公众信息；宣传；公之于众的状况publicized adj. 公开的publicly adv. 公共地；公开地；公众地in public 公开地，当众mass n. 民众；大量civil adj. 公民的law n. 法律；法令；法规；规律；定律claw n. 爪；螯；钳；爪形器具；v. 用爪抓(或挖) lawful adj. 合法的；法定的；法律许可的lawsuit n. 诉讼；诉讼案件flaw n. 瑕疵；裂纹；缺点v. 使破裂；使有缺陷lawyer n. 律师；法学家legislation n. 法律；法规mean v. 意味着，即是；意指，意思是说；打算，意欲；意义重大adj. 吝啬的；刻薄的；破旧的n. 平均值；平均数meaning n. 意义，含义well-meaning adj. 善意的；好心的meaningless adj. 没有意义的；不重要的；无价值的meaningfully adv. 有意图地；有意义地；重要地means n. 方法；手段meanwhile adv. 同时；其间by means of 用；依靠by no means 绝不；一点也不indicate v. 表明；暗示；象征；反映implication n. 可能引发的后果；暗示；含意influence n. 影响；感化；势力，权势v. 影响；感化influential adj. 有影响力的；有势力的n. 影响者；有势力的人impact n. 碰撞；撞击；影响v. 撞击；碰撞；冲击；(对……)产生影响live v. 居住；生活；生存；以……为生；留存；铭记adj. 活的；有生命的；现场演出的alive adj. 活着的；有生气的，活跃的deliver v. 发表(讲话)；递送；接生(婴儿)delivery n. 分娩；投递；讲话方式outlive v. 比……活得长；比……经久liveliness n. 活力livelihood n. 生计；生活live off 依赖……生活，依赖dwell v. 居住于；存在于reside v. 定居于；属于survive v. 幸存；比……活得长survival n. 生存；幸存inhabit v. 居住于settle v. 使定居federal adj.联邦的federation n. 联邦制国家；联邦；(社团或组织的)同盟；联盟；联合会FBI 联邦调查局(Federal Bureau of Investigation) CIA 中央情报局(Central Intelligence Agency)large adj. 大的；大规模的；大量的largely adv. 主要地；大体上地；大量地enlarge v. 扩大；放大；扩充at large 一般；全体地；普遍地bulky adj. 庞大的；体积大的outsize adj. 特大的huge adj. 庞大的mark v. 做标记；指出；标明；在(商品)上贴价格(或质量等)的标签n. 痕迹；斑点；污点；记号；符号；(考试等)分数market n. 市场；行情v. 推销；营销marketplace n. 市集；商场；市场marked adj. 显著的，明显的；有记号的marketer n. 市场商人；市场营销人员remark v. 评论；谈到n. 评论；话语；注意；观察remarkable adj. 卓越的；非凡的；辉煌的landmark n. 地标；里程碑；转折点blot n. 污点spot n. 点；斑点stain n. 污迹；污渍v. 玷污；污染symbol n. 象征；标志system n. 系统；体制systematic adj. 有系统的；系统化的systematically adv. 系统地；有条理地regime n. 政权；政体(指非民主且统治手段不被认可的政府或政权体系)；管理制度；组织方法；养生法organization n. 组织；机构；团体structure n. 结构；构造；组织stress v. 强调；着重n. 压力；强调；重点；着重；重音；(物)应力stressed-out 因心理紧张而被压垮的highlight v. 强调；突出emphasize v. 强调strain v. 使不堪承受；使紧张；拉伤；扭伤n. 压力；负担；重负★Unit 02★peer n. 同龄人；同等地位的人；贵族v. 仔细看；费力地看gaze at 凝视；注视stare at 盯；凝视glare at 长久地怒视；瞪着contemporary n. 同代人issue v. 发行，发表；发布；发，发放n. 问题，争端；(报刊的)期、号、版次tissue n. 组织；薄的纱织品；面巾纸claim v. 要求；主张；声称；断言；索取n. 要求；主张；声称；断言；索赔；提要求的权利；(拥有或获得某物的)权利proclaim v. 宣布；声明；公布；明确表示disclaim v. 放弃；拒绝承认；否认；放弃权利acclaim v. 向……欢呼；称赞；为……喝彩；宣布；欢呼；喝彩lay claim to 对……提出所有权要求allege v. (未提出证据而)断言；指称；声称contend v. 声称；主张assert v. 声称；断言patent v. 取得……的专利权；授予专利adj. 专利的；明显的n. 专利；专利权；专利品intellectual property 知识产权court n. 法院，法庭；球场；庭院courteous adj. 有礼貌的line n. 行，列；(思想或行动的)步骤；方式，方法；路线；线路；(铁道或公交)线路；行业，行当；队，队伍；血统；家族；界线v. 排队；加衬，做里子hardline adj. 强硬的underline v. 在……下划线；强调；突出decline v./n. 下降；衰退；减少online adj. 在线的offline adj. 离线的coastline n. 海岸线deadline n. 最后期限；截止时间incline v. 倾斜；倾向；易于baseline n. 基线；基准airline n. 航线；航空公司outline n. 轮廓；大纲；概要；略图lineage n. 血统；家系；家族pipeline n. 管线，管道；在筹备中(in the pipeline) guideline n. 指导原则in line with 和……成直线；与……一致；按照series n. 一连串；一系列；连续；接连(广播或电视的)系列节目；系列片row n. 排，行boundary n. 边界；分界线bound n. 界限；限制route n. 路线succession n. 继承；连续procession n. 队伍；行列value n. 价格；价值；实用性；重要性v. 评价，估计；尊重，重视overvalue v. 对……估价过高；过分重视devalued adj. 贬值的；减值的worth n. 价值；财产significance n. 意义；重要性view n. 观点；视点；景色；眼界v. 视为；看待；观察interview n. 面试；面谈；接见；采访v. 采访；接见；对……进行面谈；对某人进行面试viewer n.电视观众；观察者；观看者；指示器review n. 评论；回顾；复习；评审；审查v. 回顾；检查；复审；复习功课；写评论reviewer n. 评论者；评论家worldview n. 世界观in view of 鉴于，考虑到；由于；在……能看见的范围内in view 在能看见的范围内；在考虑之中；作为目标on view 在展出；在容易看见的地方take sth. in view = take sth. Into account 考虑perspective n.观点；(尤指受到某种思想、经验影响的)思考方法；态度；角度；透视画法individual adj. 个人的；单独的；独特的n. 个人，个体individually adv. 个别地，单独地collective adj. 集体的；共同的；总的；集合的economic adj. 经济(上)的；经济学的uneconomic adj. 不经济的；不赢利的economics n. 经济学economically adv. 节约地，节俭地；在经济上socioeconomic adj. 社会经济的fiscal cliff 财政悬崖IMF 国际货币基金组织(Inter national Monetary Fund) financial adj. 财政的；财务的；金融的fiscal adj. 财政的；国库的monetary adj. 货币的create v. 创造，创作；引起，造成；建立creature n. 人；生物；动物creative adj. 创造的；有创造力的；创造性的；启发想象力的recreate v. 再创造；再创建；重现creativity n. 创造力；创造creation n. 创造，创立；创作；创造物，作品creationism n. 创造宇宙说；创世论；神造说creationist n. 创世论者；造物主义者procreation n. 生育；生殖legal adj. 法律的；法定的；合法的；正当的illegal adj. 非法的；违法的；违反规则的n. 非法移民lawful adj. 合法的；法定的legitimate adj. 合法的；合情理的v. 使(尤其是坏事)合法化official adj. 官方的；法定的n. 官员；行政人员consider v. 认为；把……看作；考虑；细想；体谅；照顾consideration n. 体贴；关心；考虑；要考虑的事；报酬；补偿费reconsider v. 重新考虑considerable adj. 相当大(或多)的considering prep. 考虑到；就……而论；鉴于consider... as 把……视作；把……看作★Unit 03★subject v. 使遭受；使服从；使隶属n. 主题；题目；学科；科目；主语adj. 受……支配的；服从于……的subjective adj. 主观的，主观上的；主体的；个人的be subject to 遭受；承受lead v. 领导；引导；促进；领先；占首位；通向；导致；带来n. 带领；领头；引导；铅leadership n. 领导能力；领导地位，领导阶层mislead v. 误导；使误信；将……引入歧途leader n. 领袖，领导者；首领；指挥者plead v. 请求；恳求；为……辩护；提出……为理由side with 与(某人)站在同一边，和(某人)抱同样的见解plead for 恳求……，乞求……；在法庭上为……辩护leading adj. 卓越的；最重要的lead someone on 误导(某人)；蒙骗(某人)lead up to 导致，逐渐导致；使话题(渐渐)转向；为……作准备take the lead 带头，为首；起带头作用；领导intend v. 想要；打算；企图intend to do/intend doing sth. 打算做某事sector n. (经济的)部门；行业；领域account v. 说明；解释；导致；把……视作n. 账目；账户；描述；叙述；解释；说明accountant n. 会计师，会计account for 占据；解释；说明take into account 考虑到；体谅leave sth. out of account 不考虑on account of 因为，由于description n. 描述；形容explanation n. 解释；说明consumer n. 顾客，消费者consumption n. 消费；消耗consuming adj. 消耗的；消费的consumerism n. 消费者权益保护；消费主义client n. 客户；顾客；委托人environment n. 环境；周围状况environmental adj. 环境的；有关环境的environmentally adv. 有关环境地environmentalist n. 环境保护论者；环境论者surroundings n. 周边；周围环境atmosphere n. 大气层；氛围situation n. 状况；形势essay n. 论文；杂文；散文；(学生就某门课程所写的)论说文，短文article n. 文章；论文matter n. (有形的)物质；(某一类型的)物质；(印刷或阅读的)材料v. 要紧；有关系；有影响as a matter of fact 其实，实际上substance n. 物质；实质；重要性stuff n. 材料；本质；要素material n. 物质；材料；原料fund v. 拨款，为……提供资金n. 专款；基金；资金fundamental adj. 基础的；根本的fundamentally adv. 从根本上地；基础地nonfundamentalist n. 非原教旨主义者underfund v. 对……资金提供不足hold v. 保持；拿着；握住；保有；拥有；拖住；支持n. 握住；掌握；货舱，行李舱household n. 家庭；同住在一所房子里的人；一家人adj. 家庭的；家用的；家喻户晓的；众人皆知的holder n. 支持物；持有者；(支票等)持有人withhold v. 扣留；拒绝给予shareholder n. 股东shareholding n. 股权stockholder n. 股票持有者；股东stakeholder n. 利益相关人；股东hold back 退缩；阻止；抑制hold on 等一等；停一停；〈口〉别挂电话；坚持hold out 伸出；递出；维持；保密；坚持；不屈服hold up 举起；支持；耽搁；拦劫cling v. 紧紧抓住；抱紧；抓住(职位或财产)不放withstand v. 经受住；承受；顶住seize v. 抓住；控制function v. 充当；工作；起作用n. 功能；作用；职责；职务；职员functional adj. 功能性的；在工作的；在起作用的；运转正常的work v. 使工作；使运作employ v. 使用；利用；雇用evidence n. 根据；证据；形迹，迹象evident adj. 明显的；明白的proof n. 证明confirmation n. 确认；证实practice v. 练习；训练n. 练习；训练；业务活动；工作；[pl.] 习惯性行为in practice 在实践中；实际上；事实上perform v. 执行；履行；演出；表演note v. 注意；记下；摘下n. 笔记；记录；按语；注释；便条；短笺；含义；暗示；钞票，纸币denote v. 表示；代表noteworthy adj. 值得注意的；显著的；重要的take/make notes 作笔记★Unit 4★degree n. 程度；度数；学位；等级agreement n. 协定；一致；同意Greek n. 希腊人；希腊文adj. 希腊的；希腊语的；希腊人的concern v. 涉及；关系到；关注n. 关心；关切；顾虑；忧虑；利害(关系)concerned adj. 关心的；关注的；有关(方面)的；认为重要的；担心的unconcerned adj. 不关心的；无关的；无忧虑的concern oneself with 关心as/so far as ... be concerned 就……来说allow v. 允许；同意；考虑shallow v. 变浅；使变浅adj. 浅的；肤浅的allow for 考虑到；顾及；允许有product n. 产品；产物；乘积production n. 生产；产量；产品；作品productive adj. 富有成效的；多产的；有益的；具有创造性的productivity n. 生产力；生产率；生产能力invention n. 发明(物)level n. 水平；程度；等级，级别adj. 水平的；平的；平稳的v. 弄平；铺平；使瞄准；使对准low-level adj. 低水平的；低级别的；次要的level off 稳定，呈平稳状态on the level 真诚；坦率；诚恳do one’s level best 全力以赴；竭尽所能ffort n. 努力；艰难的尝试effortless adj. 不费力气的infer v. 推论；推断inferiority n. 劣势；劣等；下等；次级；自卑情绪，自卑感inferior adj. 低等的；劣等的；下级的；差的，次的n. 部下，下属inference n. 推论；推理；推断deduce v. 推论；推断conclude v. 得出结论；推断出professional n. 专业人士adj.职业的；专业的；专门的professionalize v. 使……职业化；使……专业化professionalization n. 专业化；职业化professionalism n. 职业水准或特性；职业化；专业化provide v. 供给；提供；给予provided conj. 倘若；只要；假如provider n. 提供者；供应者，供应商provision n. 供应；提供；(法律的)条文；条款；规定；准备supply v. 供给；补充offer v. 提供；给予challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务；(对真实性、价值、权威等提出的)怀疑；质疑v. 挑战；怀疑；质疑(真实性、价值、权威等)unchallenged adj. 不成问题的；未受到挑战的；未引起质疑的；没有异议的★Unit 5★deal n. 数量；程度；协议；(尤指)交易，生意v. 处理；给予；做买卖，经营ideal n. 理想；完美的典型；典范adj. 理想的；完美的；假设的；非常合适的；空想的；不切实际的dealing n. 行为；交易；交往dealership n. 代理权，经销权；经销商deal with 处理；应付；安排a great deal of 大量(的)，许多(的)contract n. 合同；契约structure v. 构造；建造；组织；构成n. 结构；构造；建筑物restructuring n. 改组；重新组织；调整structural adj. 结构的；建筑的infrastructure n. 下部构造；基础设施；下部组织define v. 阐明；规定；限定；使明确；给……下定义；解释content v. 使满足n. 容量；含量；(教育项目或课程的)内容；满足；满意adj. 满足的；满意的contention n. 争吵；争执；(争论或讨论时的)看法，观点discontent n. 不满；不满意adj. 不满的v. 使……不满self-contented 自满的；沾沾自喜的immigrant adj.(从国外)移来的；移民的n.(外来)移民；侨民immigration n. 移居；移民emigrate v. 移居国外；移民comprehension n. 理解；领悟comprehensive adj. 全面的；综合性的；能充分理解的；广泛的n. (英国的公立性)综合中学beyond one’s comprehension 不可理解potential n. 潜能；潜力adj. 潜在的；可能的possible adj. 可能的；潜在的probable adj. 可能的；大概的；很有希望的mass adj. 大规模的；群众的；大量的n. 大量，众多；团，块；质量；民众massive adj. 大而重的；大块的；大规模的；巨大的；大量的massacre n./v. 大屠杀biomass n. (单位面积或体积内)生物的数量rally v. 一致支持；团结起来；振作；恢复n. 群众大会；集会；(汽车、摩托车等的)公路大赛compare v. 比较；相比；对比；比作comparable adj. 可比较的；类似的；比得上的comparison n. 比较；比喻；对照comparative adj. 比较的；相当的comparatively adv. 对比地；比较地；相当地；相对地compare with 与……相比较compare to 与……相比；把……比作contrast n. 差异；差别；悬殊v. 对比；对照；截然不同；有明显差异；对比鲜明feature n. 特征；特色；特写(或专题) v. 起重要作用；以……为特色；由……主演；特写involve v. 使……卷入；牵涉；涉及；包含；使陷入；使参与involvement n. 参与；介入；卷入；(投入的)感情；(倾注的)热情；暧昧关系；恋爱关系revolve v. 使……旋转；使……循环；反复考虑；围绕n. 旋转；循环；旋转舞台evolve v. 发展；进化；使逐步形成；推断出invalid adj. 无效的；站不住脚的n. 病人；伤残者engage v.(使)参与；(使)从事；使参加(谈话)occupy v. 占据；使从事segment n. 部分；段；片；节section n. 部分；节fraction n. 一小部分；些微access n. 接近；进入的方法；入口；通道；进入（权）v. 读取(计算机)信息accessible adj. 易到达的，易进入的；易使用的；易得到的access road (进出某处的)通道cover n. 盖子；套子；(书的)封面v. 包含；足以支付；经过；穿过coverage n. 覆盖；覆盖范围；新闻报道recovery n. 恢复；复原；痊愈；重获discover v. 发现；发觉cloak n. 斗篷；披风；覆盖物；遮盖物v. 笼罩；覆盖；遮掩reveal v. 展现；显示；揭示；揭露；告诉；泄露uncover v. 揭露；发现unveil v. 公之于众；揭露display v. 陈列；显示disclose v. 公开；揭露analysis n. 分析；分解anatomy n. 解剖；剖析probe n. 探查；调查★Unit 6★identify v. 识别；鉴别；确认；把……看成一样identity n. 身份；统一性identify with 认同；与……有同感recognize v. 识别；认出title n. 书名；标题；头衔，称号entitle v. 取名为；叫做；给予名称；给……权利(或资格)entitlement n.(拥有某物或做某事的)权利；资格subtitle n. 副标题；说明对白的字幕v. 给……加副标题；在……上印字幕doubt n. 怀疑，疑惑v. 怀疑，疑惑doubter n. 怀疑者undoubtedly adv. 毫不怀疑地doubtful adj. 怀疑的in doubt 不确定；存在疑问in no doubt 毫无疑问physical adj. 物质的；有形的；肉体的；身体的；物理学的physics n. 物理；物理学geophysical adj. 地球物理学的physician n. 医生；内科医生astrophysicist n. 天体物理学家★Unit 7★material adj. 物质的；肉体的；有形的bodily adj. 身体的；肉体的introduce v. 引进；提出；采用；推行；引用introductory adj. 引言的；导论的；介绍性的launch v. 发动；开展n. 下水；发射initiate v. 开始；发起figure v. 算出；估计；推测n. 体形；数字；图形；人物figure out 弄清楚conduct v. 引导，带领；处理；实施；管理；传导(热，电等)；指挥(军队，乐队等) n. 行为；举动；指导，引导；实施semiconductor n. 半导体conductive adj. 传导性的；传导的；有传导力的conductor n. 领导者；向导；管理人；(管弦乐队或合唱团的)指挥behavior n. 行为；举止；(科学领域中的)运动方式；活动方式；性能；特点steer v. 驾驶(车、船、飞机等)；引导；指导(某人采取某种行动或态度)tell v. 辨别，区别；告诉；讲述；吩咐，命令；(事物)显露，显示teller n. 讲话者；出纳员；银行柜员机intellect n. 智力；非凡的才智；才智非凡的人intellectual n. 知识分子；脑力劳动者intellectualism n. 知性主义；理智主义；对理智之偏重intelligent adj. 聪颖的；有才智的；智能的intelligently adv. 聪明地；明智地intelligence n. 智力；智能；聪明satellite n. 人造卫星inform v. 告诉；通知notify v. 通知；告知lack n. 缺乏，不足；缺少的东西v. 缺乏，缺少blackened adj. 变黑的；被损坏的slack n. 煤末；长裤adj. 松弛的；疏忽的v. 放松；使缓慢；松懈；懈怠slacken v.(使)缓慢；(使)松懈；(使)松弛available adj. 可用的；可获得的；有空的be available to 可用于obtainable adj. 可获得的；可取得的accessible adj. 能接近的；易得到的emerge v. 浮现；出现；(问题等)发生；显露，(事实等)暴露；(从困境等中)摆脱；露头；出头emergence n. 出现；浮现；露头emergency n. 紧急状况；紧急需要；紧急事件adj. 紧急情况下的，应急的emerge from 从……出现；暴露(问题、意见等) surface v. 显露；浮出水面originate v. 发源；来自；产生；创始；开创appear v. 出现；显现express v. 表达；表示adj. 特快的，快速的；明确的；确切的n. 特快列车；快递；捷运公司press v. 压，按；催促；敦促；进行；强调；榨取；压榨n. 报纸；报刊；印刷机；新闻记者expression n. 表达；表述；表情；神情impress v. 盖印；传送；给人深刻印象impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；不俗的；了不起的unimpressive adj. 不惹人注意的；给人印象不深的；无印象的depress v. 降低；减少；使沮丧；使消沉depression n. 萧条(期)；不景气；沮丧；忧愁；忧郁症depressant n. 镇静剂compress v.(使)压缩；缩短；使简练pressing adj. 紧迫的oppress v. 压迫；压抑；使……烦恼；使……感到沉重suppress v. 抑制；镇压；废止press for 迫切要求；敦促state v. 陈述；声明convey v. 传达；传递；输送consequence n. 结果；后果；影响；重要性in consequence 因此；结果outcome n. 结果；成果contribute v. 有助于；贡献；捐助；捐献；投稿contributing adj. 贡献的；起作用的contribution n. 捐助；贡献；捐助之物contribute to 有助于；捐助；贡献lead to 导致；把……带到give rise to 引起；导致；造成executive adj. 执行的；实施的n. 经理；主管；管理者current n. (河、湖或海的)水流；气流；电流；思潮；潮流adj. 现时的；当前的；进行中的curve n. 曲线；弧线；(尤指用图表表示的)曲线变化v.(使)弯曲；(使)呈曲线形sort n. 种类；类别v. 分类；整理resort v. 诉诸；采取；凭借；求助n. 胜地；手段sort sth. out 挑选出；分类，整理；解决(问题)；理清(细节)assort v. 把……分类classify v. 分类；归类secure v. 得到某物；获得；防护；保卫adj. 安全的；可靠的；放心的；稳固的；稳定的safeguard v. 保护；保卫；维护shield v. 保护；掩护；庇护threat n. 威胁；恐吓；凶兆menace n. 威胁；恐吓material n. 材料；物质；素材；资料adj. 物质的materialism n. 唯物主义；唯物论；实利主义；物质主义materialistic adj. 物质的；唯物主义的observe v. 观察；看到；遵守；奉行observer n. 观察家abide v. 忍受；容忍；遵守survey v. 调查establish v. 建立，设立；安置，使定居；确立establishment n. 确立；制定；公司；机构well-established 已为大家接受的；信誉卓著的establish oneself in 定居于；在……落户launch v. 开展(重大活动)；发起，发动(军事袭击等)；推出；发布wonder v. 诧异；奇怪；纳闷；想知道n. 惊奇；惊异；奇迹；奇事wonderful adj. 奇妙的；极好的no wonder 难怪；怪不得approach v. 靠近；接近；临近n. 方法；途径access to 接近；有权使用；通向……的入口come up to 达到；等于get close to 靠近；接近grant v. 给予；授予；同意；准予n. 补助金；拨款immigrant n. 移民；侨民adj. 移民的；迁入的take ... for granted 想当然；认为理所当然position n. 位置；职位；职务；姿势；姿态；见解；立场；形式positive adj. 积极的；明确的；肯定的；有益的；毋庸置疑的；(化验或试验结果)阳性的；(数字)正的；带正电的posture n. 姿势；态度；立场v. 故作姿态composition n. 作文；乐曲；构成，合成物opposition n. 反对；敌对；反对派；在野党proposition n. 命题；提议；主题；议题disposition n. 性情；倾向；处置；部署locate v. 找到；设立；确定……的位置site n. 场地；场所v. 使坐落在brain n. 大脑；智力；[pl] 脑力；智能brainstorm v. 集思广益；集体献计brain-drain 智囊流失；人才流失term n. 学期；期间；时期；条件；术语；条款；地位v. 把……称为，把……叫做determine v. 确定；查明；决定；使下决心；判决，裁定determinedly adv. 决然地，断然地terminate v. 使停止，使终止；解雇terminal adj. 末端的；终点的；定期的；末期的n. 末端；终点；总站；终端机terminally adv. 末期地；晚期地；末端地；终止地in terms of 根据；就……而言clause n.(法律文书的)条款increasingly adv. 不断增加地；越来越多地increased adj. 增加的；增强的labor n. 工作；劳动；劳力；劳工v. 劳动；苦干laboratory n. 实验室；研究室elaborate adj. 精心制作的；详尽的；煞费苦心的v. 精心制作；详细计划；详细阐述；从简单成分合成(复杂有机物)；变复杂laborsaving adj. 节省劳力的collaborate v. 合作；勾结，通敌collaboratively adv. 合作地，协作地workforce n. 劳动力mobile adj. 可动的；活动的；运动的；移动的；可轻松移动的detail n. 细节v. 详述；详细列举(或说明)career n. 事业；职业；生涯；工作岁月；职业生涯quit v. 离开；退出；停止；放弃；辞职resign v. 辞职；放弃renounce v. 放弃；抛弃depart v. 离开；出发essential n. 本质；要点；要素；必不可少的东西adj. 必要的；必不可少的；本质的；基本的necessary adj. 必要的n. 必需品vital adj. 至关重要的，必不可少的indispensable adj. 不可缺少的，绝对必要的core n. 果心；核儿；(问题的)核心；要点；主要业务；主要活动v. 去掉……的果心；给(水果)去核head n. 头；头顶；头部；首脑，首长；(公司、组织的)负责人；领导人；头脑；才智v. 率领；站在……前头；前进；用头撞；顶(球)headache n. 头痛；麻烦；令人头疼的事go-ahead n. 前进，进步；许可，批准headline n.(尤指报纸头版的)标题；大字标题；新闻提要v. 给加标题；使成为注意中心；在(演出)中担任主演headway n. 前进；进步；航行速度；间隔时间headlong adj. 轻率的；头朝前的；迅猛的adv. 头朝前地；迅猛地，莽撞地headhunter n. 猎头，物色人才的人；猎取人头的蛮人head for 驶向；走向chief n. 负责人；首领talent n. 天资；才能respect v. 尊敬；重视；遵守；顾及n. 尊敬，尊重；方面；[pl] 敬意；问候respected adj. 受尊敬的；受重视的；被认可的respectable adj. 值得尊重的；可观的，相当大的；人格高尚的respectively adv. 分别地，各自地irrespectively adv. 无关地with respect to 关于in respect of 关于；涉及esteem v. 尊敬；尊重；敬重n. 尊敬；尊重；敬重maintain v. 维持；保持；坚持；主张；供给；赡养retain v. 保持；保留；保存；付定金聘请(律师) uphold v. 维持；支持sustain v. 使持续；保持；经受；遭受primary adj. 最初的，初级的；首要的，主要的；基本的primarily adv. 主要地prime adj. 最好的；首要的n. 全盛时期；最成功时期v. 事先指点；使做好准备principal adj. 最重要的；主要的central adj. 中心的；最重要的★Uint 8★relate v. 叙述；讲述；和……联系interrelated adj. 相关的，互相联系的correlate v. 相互关联；极为相似；使显示联系；使相互关联correlated adj. 有相互联系的be correlated with 与……有关；与……相联系relate to 有关，涉及bond v. 与……紧密联系commune v. 与……融为一体directly adv. 直接地；笔直地；坦率地，直截了当地；正好地；即刻，马上directory n. 姓名住址簿；工商名录；号码簿；董事会，理事会；指南，使用手册adj. 指导的；咨询的directive adj. 指导的；管理的；方向性的n. 指令indirectly adv. 间接地；迂回地；婉转地；不坦率地straight adv. 直接地；坦率地frankly adv. 直率地；坦诚地otherwise adv.与之不同地；相反地；以其他方式；在其他方面likewise adv. 同样地；而且reflect v. 反映；表现；思考；深思；考虑reflection n. 思考；见解；想法；反映；反射；表现；体现；倒影unreflecting adj. 不反射的；无思虑的；不反省的reflect on 思考；仔细想；回忆despite prep. 不管；尽管in spite of 尽管discipline v. 训练；惩罚n. 纪律；规定；学科；训练land n. 陆地；土地；田地；国土；国家v. (使)登陆；(使)着陆；弄到；捞到mainland n. 大陆；本土adj. 大陆的；本土的landing n. 登陆；码头；楼梯平台element n. 元素；要素；组成部分elevate v. 举起；提高；提升indicate v. 指出；指示；表明；暗示expose v. 使暴露，使显露；揭露；揭发；使遭受pose v. 摆姿势；装模作样；提出(讨论等)；造成；形成n. 姿势；装模作样purpose n. 目的；用途；意志v. 决心；企图；打算propose v. 主张；提议；建议；打算；计划；求婚impose v. 强加；征税；利用；欺骗；施加影响compose v. 相成；组成；写作；作曲；使平静；排字oppose v. 反对；抗争suppose v. 猜想，料想；假设；认为supposedly adv. 据说；可能；按照准则；恐怕be exposed to 暴露于；遭受be composed of 组成as opposed to 与……截然相反be supposed to (按计划或期望)应当，应该religion n. 宗教；信仰；信念religious adj. 宗教的；虔诚的；宗教信仰坚定的n. 修道士；尼姑suffer v. (因疾病或处于其他不利境地而)受苦；受难；受折磨suffering n. 苦难；痛苦；折磨suffer sth./suffer from sth 患(某种病)；受( 某种病痛)折磨epidemic n. 流行病；(疾病的)流行，传播；(坏事的)盛行，泛滥，猖獗adj. 流行的；盛行的；肆虐的addict n. 吸毒成瘾者；瘾君子v. 使沉溺；使上瘾payment n. 付款；支付；支付的款项；付款额hijack v. 劫持；操控n. 劫持；强行控制；操控scale n. 规模；比例(尺)；鱼鳞；级别v. 测量；攀登；刮去……的鳞片circumstance n. [pl.] 情况；形势；环境under the circumstances = in thecircumstances 在那种情况下threaten v. 威胁；恐吓；预示prospect n. 前景；前途；展望；可能性；希望★Unit 09★reject v. 拒绝考虑；不接受；不同意；抛弃；不录取rejection n. 拒绝decline v. 拒绝；谢绝refuse v. 拒绝；回绝discard v. 丢弃；抛弃occur v. 发生；存在；出现；有；(想法或主意)被想起occurrence n. 发生；出现；发生的事情，事件incur v. 招致；带来；遭受happen v. 发生；出现；碰巧arise v. 产生；出现meet v. 遇见，会见；会谈；经历；遭到；满足assemble v. (使)集合；(使)聚集；(使)集会congregate v. 聚集；集合personal adj. 个人的，私人的；亲自的，本人的；人身的interpersonal adj. 人与人之间的；人际的personality n. 人格；性格；个性；名人impersonal adj. 不受个人情感影响的；冷淡的；客观的individual adj. 个人的；个别的；独特的private adj. 个人的；私人的indeed adv. 实际上；确实，实在；真正地；多么certainly adv. 确定地；当然地definitely adv. 明确地；确切地manage v. 管理；经营；处理；设法对付；控制；操作manager n. 管理者；经理manageable adj. 可管理的；可控制的；可处理的management n. (商务或机构的)管理，经营；管理部门；安排；驾驭administer v. 管理；治理regulate v. 管理；调整；控制control v. 控制；管理recognize v. 认出；识别；承认unrecognized adj. 未被认识的；未被承认的；未被认定的recognition n. 认识；识别；承认；接受；赞赏；认可object v. 反对n. 物体；目的；目标；客体；对象objection n. 反对；不喜欢；异议objective adj. 客观的；如实的n. 目的；目标；宾格objectivity n. 客观性；客观objectiveness n. 客观object to sth./doing sth. 反对(做)某事trust v. 信任；依赖；盼望；希望；委托n. 信任；依赖；委托；信托，托管；信托基金机构distrust v. 不信任n. 不信任mistrusted adj. 不信任的；多疑的trust fund 信托基金put trust in sb./sth 信任……，信赖……critical adj. 批判的；评论的；危急的；重要的；挑剔的；临界的critically adv. 批判性地；苛求地；危急地；严重地；关键地hypocritical adj. 伪善的；虚伪的；伪善者的；伪君子的criticize v. 评论，批评；批判be critical of 挑毛病；批评immediate adj. 立即的，即时的；直接的；最接近的；目前的，当前的immediately adv. 立即，立刻；直接地conj. 一……就instant adj. 立即的；速溶的let v. 允许，听任；假设；出租，租给；任由，让outlet n. 出口；(情感的)发泄途径let out 放出，释放；发出；结束let alone 不管；更不必说advocate n. 提倡者；拥护者；支持者v. 提倡；拥护；主张instance n. 例子；事例；实例instantly adv. 立刻，马上instantaneously adv. 立刻地；突如其来地for instance 例如；譬如preserve n. 保护区；禁猎地；蜜饯；果酱；专属工作；独占的事物v. 保护；维持；保存；保藏；腌制maintain v. 维持；保持；保养★Unit 10★concept n. 概念；观念；思想conception n. 概念；观念；想法；设想；构想；概念的形成；怀孕；胚胎preconception n. 先入之见；成见conceive v. 想象；相信；构思；设想；怀孕notion n. 理念；看法；观念enhance v. 提高；增强enhanced adj. 增强的；提高的；放大的chancellor n. (英国的)财政大臣；(德国或奥地利的)总理enhancement n. 增强；增加boost v. 使增长；推动；改进；使兴旺；增强；提高heighten v. (使)加强reference n. 参考；参考书目；提及；涉及；证明书(人)；介绍(人)parallel n. 平行线；平行面；类似；相似物；对比；纬线adj. 平行的；并联的；相同的；类似的unparalleled adj. 无比的；空前的；绝无仅有的parachute n. 降落伞v. 空投；(使)空降；(使)跳伞。

unit 01statestatute manifestation statistic statistical stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation statusassertaffirmpublic publication republican publicity publicized publiclyin public masscivillawclawlawfullawsuitflawLawyer legislation meanmeaningwell-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhileby means ofby no means indicateimplicationinfluenceinfluentialimpactlivealivedeliverdeliveryoutlivelivelinesslivelihoodlive offdwellresidesurvivesurvivalinhabitsettlefederalfederationFBICIAlargelargelyenlargeat largebulkyoutsizehugemarkmarketmarketplacemarkedmarketerremarkremarkablelandmarkblotspotstainsymbolsystemsystematicsystematicallyregimeorganizationstructurestressstressed-outhighlightemphasizestrainunit 02peergaze atstare atglare atcontemporaryissuetissueclaimproclaimdisclaimacclaimlay claim toallegecontendpatentintellectualpropertycourtcourteousLinehardlineunderlinedeclineonlineofflinecoastlinedeadlineinclinebaselineairlineoutlinelineagepipelineguidelinein line with seriesrowboundaryboundroutesuccession processionvalueovervalue devaluedworthsignificanceviewInterviewviewerreviewreviewer worldviewin view ofin viewon viewtake sth. in view = take sth. into account perspective individual individually collective economic uneconomic economics economically socioeconomicfiscal cliffIMFfinancialfiscalmonetarycreatecreaturecreativerecreatecreativitycreationcreationismcreationistprocreationlegalillegallawfullegitimateofficialconsiderconsiderationreconsiderconsiderableconsideringconsider···asunit 03subjectsubjectivebe subject toleadleadershipmisleadleaderpleadleadinglead onlead someone onlead up totake the leadintendintend to do =intend doing sth.sectoraccountaccountantaccount fortake into accountleave sth. out ofaccounton account ofdescriptionexplanationconsumerconsumptionconsumingconsumerismclientenvironmentenvironmentalenvironmentallyenvironmentalistsurroundingsatmospheresituationessayarticlematteras a matter offactsubstancestuffmaterialfundfundamentalfundamentallynonfundamentalistunderfundholdhouseholdholderwithhold shareholder shareholding stockholder stakeholderhold backhold onhold upclingwithstandseizefunctionfunctionalworkemployevidenceevidentproofconfirmation practicein practice performNotedenotenoteworthytake/make notes unit 04degreeagreementGreekconcernconcerned unconcerned concern oneself withas/so far as···be allow shallowallow forproductproductionproductiveproductivityinventionlevellow-levellevel offon the leveldo one’s level bestefforteffortlessinferinferiorityinferiorinferencededuceconcludeprofessionalprofessionalizeprofessionalizationprofessionalismprovideprovidedproviderprovisionofferchallengeunchallengedunit 05dealidealdealingdealershipdeal witha great deal ofcontractstructurerestructuringstructuralinfrastructurecontentcontentiondiscontentself-contentedimmigrantimmigrationemigratecomprehensioncomprehensionbeyond one’scomprehensionpotentialpossiblemassmassivemassarcebiomassrallycomparecomparablecomparisoncomparativecomparativelycompare withcompare tocontrastfeatureinvolveinvolvementrevolveevolveinvalid engage occupysegment section fractionaccess accessible access road cover coverage discover cloakreveal uncover unveil display disclose analysis anatomyprobeunit 06identify identity identity with recognizetitleentitle entitlement subtitle doubtdoubter undoubtedly doubtfulin doubtin no doubtphysical physicsgeophysicalphysicianmaterialbodilyintroduceintroductorylaunchinitiatefigurefigure outconductsemiconductorconductiveconductorbehaviorsteertelltellerintellectintellectualintellectualismintelligentintelligentlyintelligencesatelliteinformnotifylackblackenedslackslackenavailablebe available toobtainableaccessibleemergeemergenceemergencyemerge fromsurfaceoriginateappearexpresspressexpressionimpressimpressiveunimpressivedepressdepressiondepressantcompresspressingoppresspress forstateconveyconsequencein consequenceoutcomecontributecontributingcontributioncontribute tolead togive rise toexecutivecurrentcurvesortresortsort sth. outassortclassifysecuresafeguardshieldthreatmenaceunit 07material materialism materialistic observeobserverabidesurveyestablish establishmentwell-established establish oneself in launchwonderwonderfulno wonder approachaccess tocome up toget close tograntimmigrant take···for granted positionpositiveposture composition opposition proposition dispositionlocatesitebrainbrainstormbrain-drainterm determinedeterminedlyterminateterminallyin terms ofclauseincreasinglyincreasedlaborlaboratorytalentrespectrespectedrespectableindirectlystraightfranklyotherwiseelaboratelaborsavingcollaboratecollaborativelyworkforcemobiledetailcareerquitresignrenouncedepartessentialnecessaryvitalindispensablecoreheadheadachego-aheadheadlineheadwayheadlongheadhunterhead forchiefrespectivelyirrespectivelywithrespect toin respect ofesteemmaintainretainupholdsustainprimaryprimarilyprimeprincipalcentralunit 08relateinterrelatedcorrelatecorrelatedbe correlated withrelate tobondcommunedirectlydirectorydirectivelikewisereflectreflectionunreflectingrelect ondespitein spite ofdisciplinelandmainland landingelementelevateindicateexposeposepurpose proposeimpose composeopposesuppose supposedlybe exposed to be composed of as opposed to be supposed toreligion religioussuffersufferingsuffer sth.= suffer from sth. epidemicaddictpaymenthijackscalecircumstance under thecircumstance=in thecircumstancesthreatenprospectunit 09rejectrejectiondeclinerefusediscardoccuroccurrenceincurhappenarisemeetassemblecongregatepersonalinterpersonalpersonalityimpersonalindividualprivateindeedcertainlydefinitelymanagemanagermanageablemanagementadministerregulatecontrolrecognizeunrecognizedrecognitionobjectobjectionobjectiveobjectivityobjectivenessobject tosth./doing sth.trustdistrustmistrustedtrust fundput trust insb./sth.criticalcriticallyhypocriticalcriticizebe critical ofimmediateimmediatelyinstantletoutletlet outlet aloneadvocateinstanceinstantlyinstantaneouslyfor instancepreservemaintainunit 10conceptconceptionpreconception conceivenotionenhance enhanced chancellor enhancement boostheighten reference parallel unparalleled parachute succeedbe succeeded by conscious consciousness unconscious subconsciousbe conscious of be aware of deliberate spontaneous conservative conservation conserveenergy progressive globalcrisiscriticcriticism muscle muscular presence present representin the presence ofgenegeneticgenealogistgeneratecodeencodemoral coderetailretailerentailupsetupsettingdisturbancepartnerspouseversiondiversionunit 11governgovernmentgovernancegovernment-fundedself-governingbe governed byadministrateconductinterpretinterpretationmisinterpretdefinespecifyproveimproveproverbshowconfirmreturnreturningoverturnin return forindustrialindustryindustrializedindustrializationmeasureopposeopponentbe opposed torepeldenycounterimagineimageimagingimaginaryunimaginableimaginativedreampicturedropdrop bydrop outengageengagementengage inengage withpropertyassetunemploymentemployemployeremployeeemploymentunemployment ratedemonstraterespond responsible responsibility corresponding correspondentin respond toafford unaffordable afford tocomplex complexity perplexing intricate sophisticated ensureassurefavorfavorite favorable unfavorablein favor ofnovelnoveltyrequirement requireunit 12dominate dominant domestic predominance predominantly recruitpriority henceneglectnegativenegotiatebe neglectful ofoweowing torevenuetaxationvotedevotedelectioncampaignballotmiserybe sorrowful ofgriefroutineroutinelycircularbusrouteinevitableunavoidablesolveresolvesolutioncommercecommercializedcommerciale-commercecircuitintegrateintegrationintegrationdisintegrateintegrate withdisorderdistortunit 13highlyextremelyexceedinglynoticeat/on short noticetake notice ofadvertisementdetectobtainobtainablegainderivecharacterizebe characterizedbyportraydepictdeclineon the declinedescenddecreaseformerformformalformulaperformperformerperformanceperformativeformationreformatoryinformedinformativeinformallyconformconformity nonconformist transformation formulate formulation informativeness uninformed misinformation uniformity formidable previousvastvastly devastating effectiveeffect effectiveness effectively ineffectual ineffective efficientjustifytestifyverifyconfirm affirmlieunderlie underlyinglie inlie with sb. puzzle puzzlement puzzledconfusesatisfysatisfied dissatisfied dissatisfaction be satisfied with be dissatisfiedwithfulfillstockstock pricestock marketlaughingstockdebatecontroversydisputeequalequallyequateequalityequivalentfrequentlyfrequentrepeatedlyuniversaluniverseuniversallyuniversityuniversalizeoveralldepriveemotionemotionalsentimenttempermooddispositionmodifymodemodificationreviseamendrecastnetnetworkintranetInternet-basedphilosopherphilosophyphilosophicalpoetrypoetremainsremainremainingbalancewell-balancedcounterbalancelevel offbreak evensteadystabilizeunit 14eliteelitismgradualentrepreneurcolonycolonialcomplycomplicatecomplicatedcontactcontestin contact withhistorianinheritinherentprivilege privileged purchaserandomdescription describe definitionpictureadmitadmissionadoptadoptivecrucialessentialkeysignificant overridingquotequotationciterestore restoration reviverecoverresumeenableempowerpermitendeavorstrive foressayexternal internal agendaflexiblescheduleschedulecellcluecontextexertimpose sth. onoptionoptionalopportunityexceptionpermanentdurabletraitattributefeaturepeculiaritycatercater forcater tocapableunit 15dependentindependentreliantextremeextremelyultimateutmostradicalimplysimplyindicateinferexhibitexhibitionexpose toarrayeventuallypreventfinallyultimatelylabeltagbranddesignatepsychologytypicaltypicallysamplevariousvaryvariedvarietyvaryingvariablevariationfamiliarunfamiliarbe familiar withbe proficient inbe adept atintimateshiftdownshifttransferaltertransformneverthelessthoughradical radicallysufficient adequate affluent abundant ampleextent extension extend extended extensiveto some extentguarantee guaranteed pledgeconvention conventional unconventional expectation expect unexpected expectancy meet the expectation dimacceptanceclotheclothesluremarinenormnumerous numerical orchestraprivacyillusionillustratepursuepursuitinsistinsistenceconsist in/ofpersistpersevereupholdpreviouspreviouslyprimaryprimitivepriorreleasepublishdeliverannounceremindreminderremind sb. oftemporarychronicwhereaselsewherewiseotherwiselikewisewiselyprudentacknowledgeknowledgeknowledgeableannounceannouncementdeclareclaimproclaimcombinecombatcombine withintegratemergeenormousunit 16hostghosthostilehostilityhostagemilitarymilitaryintelligencearmednativealternativealternativelyprocedureworkingprocedurestartingprocedureloadingprocedurerecommendrecommendationcommendmastermasterpiecemasterybe proficient in be adept atbe good atpouroutpouringpour intostrengthen strengthburybury one’s head in the sandcelebrate celebritycropcrowndisaster catastropheorientorientedprevailreignquestrequestquestion unquestioned rearrearingreapspecialize specialize in vulnerable fragilebrittle ambiguousunambiguousobscureopaquevaguepeakparamountsummitclimaxpensionsuspensiongrantsubsidyallowancerageoutragein a ragefuryrecipienteliminateeliminationremotedistantfarawayfartherimmuneimmune toimplementimplementationtrialdoseunit 17expenseexpansioncostoutlayexpendituredesirabledesireadvisablepracticallypracticalitypracticalexperiencerealisticintentionintentionallypurposeintentreasonablereasonreasonablyreasonedlogicaldemocraticdemocracydemocratizedistributedistributiondistributionchannelpromisingprominentcompromiseverbalnonverbalcompetecompetitivecompetentcompetentlyincompetentlycompeteagainst/withrivaldistinguish distinguishedproportion appropriate inappropriatenecessity necessarysupplysupplier supplement emphasis emphasizestresshighlightintenseintensiveunit 18possessassess possession assessmentbearoccupyoccupation preoccupationbe occupied with captureoddodds atodds with peculiar strategy strategictacticapproach schemeplotconspiracyexclusiveinclusiveconfirmfirminfirmconfirm sb. inaffirmassertcertifytestifycorporationcorporateincorporateincorporate withenterprisedramaticdramatizedramaticallyexaggerateexaggeratedaggravateboastmagnifyendureendurancefeeblefeedbackflourishalienattendanceattendantmythmysteryoverlapoverseasoverwhelmperceivepilgrimprestigeindexhithertoimpulseindulgeinquiryleanresidentresistantresistancerevolutionarylatterlatelaterisolatefinalmankindhumankindhumanitycreaturebeingspeciesspanHispanicSpanishsupervise superstitionunit 19winwine windscreen windswingwindfallartificial artistic artificial intelligence falseaudience auditorbiasbiased prejudice crimecriminal discrimination curiositybe curious about/to dispute disputableencounter counterpart profound profoundlyprosperity prosperous render surrender give upyieldenlightenunenlightenedacquaintappriseexplosionblastburstingfadedissolvesinkvanishfoundationlengthlengthenlengthyat lengthstretchpanelpanel discussionpovertypoorpoorlyreluctantreluctantlybe reluctant to dosth.transactionaccompanycompanyaccuracyinaccuracyautoautonomousceasehaltsuspendpauseunit20contendmanipulatemanipulationtake charge of=be in charge ofcouncilthe State Councilenthusiasticenthusiasmenthusiasticallyinflationinflationaryinflatedeflationlikewisemoreoverfurthermoreoutcomeincomespeculatediffuseexplicitexplicitlydefinitefragmentfragmenteda fraction ofhookhorizonlobbyingmeritdemeritpenalty punishment sweeptrivialtrivialityitembe an item disgraceunit 21subtle subsequent boundrebound boundaryaboundbe bound tobe bound up with botherpreyrentcoherentorganize disorganized mobilizearrange perpetual appetizer dessertharmharmfulharmoniousharshpharmaceuticalhurtdamageelectronicelectronicselectronicallyrarerarelyuncommonexceptionaltreatretreatundertreatmentdealhandlevanishdiminishdisappeardividedividedseparatesplitmeremerelysheersimpleinvestinvestorinvestmentinvestigationmanufacturemanufacturingmanufacturerpromptprovokepromptingspurtablecomfortablecharitableacceptabledisputableprofitablestableunacceptablesuitableregrettablerespectableweightoutweighboombaby boomentitletitleentitlementsubtitlebe entitled tonominatedenominateinstituteinstitutioninstitutionalrestrictrestrictionrestrain sb. fromdoing sth.refrain from doingsth.constraincurbprohibitforbidpartialconclusion conclusive inconclusive concluding excludein conclusiondecorate ornamentdiscardget rid of cast off desert abandonunit 22 discourage courage courageous encouragedevilelderlybulkbulbbypasscaloriefacilitatefaintfashionablegratitudeengineering alliancebackwardbaitbanquetconstitutecopyrightcostlydamndeputyunit 23binbindbruisecensuscharterclaritymoanmockobsessionpassionprevalenthedgehypothesisintrudeknitkitrepertoiresenatehandleget rid ofdispose ofcope withmanageaddressmonopolypossessioncontrolstrivestripestrive forunit 24adaptadaptivenessreadmitcontemptcontemptibledensedenselyexhaustforecastmutualmutuallymutual benefitnowherepreferablepreferencereinforceenforcerenewsympathyshow sympathy for in sympathy with excelexcessexcessive excellent excellenceexcel in/atforthset forthback-and-forth and so forth frightening frustratebe frustratedby/withgraininferior inferiority initiativeinitiateinitial instrument instrumentalist mathematical mathematics missionmisscommission emissions-free admission submission commissioner unit 25poisonouspoisoningtoxicprimitivearchaicoriginalhumbleprintingblueprintprintprintoutprinterin printrushgold rushrush throughhustleswitchswitch onswitch offtempertemperamenttonemilestoneflagstonecolorultimateultimatelyeventuallyterminalviolentturbulentfiercewingpartysideworthynoteworthyworth doing sth.deserve sth.worthy ofalcoholanalogyanalogousresemblancesimilarityanticipateanticipationanticipate sb.doing sth.columncommoditygoodsmerchandiseconferconferenceconfer sth. on sb.confer withcounselcounselingattorneycultivatecultivationfostergrowactivatedeemdentistdeteriorateundermineembracehugevaluate evaluation estimateglimpsecatch/get a glimpse ofunit 26plausibleliterally observation outlookprospect physician surgeonretreatretreat from draw back withdrawslippink slipglideevadestablesubstitute substitute··for··tideviaadolescent anonymous authenticchopdisposablechopsticksbangbashcompelobligeexpelImpelbe compelled toconcessionconcede sth. to sb.make a concession/some concessionstocrackcrackedget crackinggapecollapsefloatfondfondnessbe fond ofideologydoctrinephilosophyimitationimitatesimulationmiserabledeplorableparcelpart and parcelperplexperplexedbewilderpuzzleconfusepreachinterprovincialadmonishsymbolsignsyntheticarticulatelyaspireaspire tobetraycementdisplacementreplacementpronouncementcomfortdiscomfortscatterscattereddispersedistributededucedeductibledumbeligiblefossilunit 27logicalpsychological technological geological biological pathological astrological theological ecologically chronological definite definitely definition indefinite indefinitely distinctspecificqualifybe qualified for modifybuncha bunch of prolongvirtuevirtualvirtually virtuosity moralitymeritparticipate participation participatory participate in reductionreducedefenddefender defendant precise preciselyprecisionaccurateremarkremarkableparliamentparliamentarythe House of Lords(of Britain)/theUpper Housethe Lower House/the Lower Chambercongressassemblycommitteecommitcommitmentcommunitycommit oneself tobe committed todedicatefaultyfaultat faultflawlapsedefectdrawbackshortcomingcraftsmancredentialrationaloperationallicencesanctionconsentcertifyapproveoccasionallycasuallyaccidentallyinfrequentlyrandomlysubstancesubstantialsubstantiallysubstantiateessenceaccelerateacceleratingacceleratedescalatedistractundistractedextractextravagantentertainmententertainerentertainingfatalcastforecasterforemostbe doomed to=be bound to=be destined topredictprophetglowglowingradiatebeamglitterincidentincidenceincidentalepisodeplainplateauordinaryquantity quantitativeunit 28readilyreaderstimulate stimulation arousemotivateinspiretextiletextile industry geology geologist geological ingraingracegravity antigravity hardshipplight predicamentinfectinfection irrigationjamblockhinderhamperhurdleobstacletraffic jam lever layerevemetropolitanmildmildlygentlemoderateorganicorganizedisorganizedorganismorganizationorganizationalphasepolethe South Poleprejudiceprejudice againstsensationsensationalsensibleundertakesuspicioussuspicionsuspiciouslysusceptibleskepticalquestionabletriumphfiascovainabusesubstanceabuseabuse one'sauthorityacquaintacquaintancebe acquainted withagentagencyburstburst intobreak intooutbreakcompensationcompensate forcoordinatecooperatecoordinateddiscerndistinguishdulldullnesstediousbluntunit 29eyebrowharborPearl Harborsheltershieldmoleculeoffspringposterityheirdescendantorbitorbitalportionratioprotein proportionresent resentment repent ofsakeforsakefor the sake ofshrink shrinkage sketchpetrolpatrolsuperficial shallowtherapy therapist music therapyaffiliate affiliationbe affiliated/ attached to agitate agitatedirritateannoyalphabet alphabetically vocabulary amend amendmentbold approximate approximately more or lessapproacharbitrarybureaucracybureaucratbrakecirculatecirculationcatholicdreadfulfearfulnastyappallingscarycontradictoryself-contradictoryparadoxicaldigestdigestivedroughtfamineearnestearnestnessin earnestscrupulousdiligentflavoraromaatmospherefrontierconfrontunit 30fumeinflamehospitalitybe hostile tohostilityhemisphereincompetentcompetentlyincompetentlycompetentincompetent to dosth.hydrogeningredientfactorelementcomponentinjectinjectioninject intoinsetinstalllestjunctiondisjunctionconjunctionconnectionjointlungat the top of(one's)lungsmicroscopemoldremoldmold sb./sth. intosb./sth.nervenervousnonsensepioneer forerunner predecessorpractitionerrefreshment refreshingrespectively individuallysloganmottoproverbstumblestumble across stumble upon tumblesymposiumvigorous vigorously robustvirusabreastbreadthabreast of keep abreast of bellyfulweary exhausted divorce casualty incapable capacitycapeescape scapegoat assaultassault on sb. bearinghave some bearing ontransfer transferable comedytragedyzigzagrelievereliefalleviate palliatehumble stereotypeBible欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考！致力为企业和个人提供合同协议，策划案计划书，学习资料等等打造全网一站式需求。