辅助检查
神经传导速度(NCV)和肌电图(EMG) 对周围神经病的诊断有很大价值。
1. 可发现亚临床型神经病:感觉纤维丧失达 30-40%有时临床还不能检出,但NCV测 定可有异常,有助于早期诊断;
2. 测定NCV可协助病变定性; 3. 可鉴别轴突变性及脱髓鞘性神经病; 4. 可鉴别运动神经病和肌病所致的肌萎缩。
常见的颅神经疾病
• 三叉神经痛 • 特发性面神经麻痹 • 偏侧面肌痉挛 • 多发性颅神经疾病
常见的脊神经疾病
• 单神经病 • 多发性神经病 • 急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病 • 慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病
脑神经疾病之三叉神经痛
三叉神经解剖
病因
特发性原因不明 三叉神经脱髓鞘??
临床表现
脑神经疾病之特发性面神经麻痹 idiopathic facial palsy
A case
• An 38-year-old previously healthy woman experienced modest pain in her right ear. 1 day later, voice seemed to be louder than normal while she was talking on the phone. The next day, she noted that her right eye did not close and she could not smile on that side. Tearing was diminished in her right eye, and she could not taste things on the right side of her tongue.
无髓纤维:无髓鞘 神经冲动沿神经纤维连续依次前进