羧酸苄酯的合成摘要香料是生活中的必需品。
作为常用香料的羧酸苄酯，因具有水果香味而深受人们的喜爱。
本文介绍了香料的分类、生产和香料工业的发展及其在国民经济中的作用。
实验中以羧酸、氢氧化钠和氯化苄为原料，以新洁而灭为相转移催化剂，对羧酸苄酯的合成路线进行探索，并确定了最佳实验条件。
合成乙酸苄酯时，最佳条件为：反应温度为145℃左右，反应时间为3h，氯化苄与乙酸钠的物料配比为1.6:1，催化剂用量为15滴，产率可高达83%以上。
合成丙酸苄酯时，最佳条件为：氯化苄与丙酸钠的物料配比为1.1:1，反应时间为2.5h，反应温度为140℃左右，催化剂用量为15滴。
产率可高达92%以上。
合成丁酸苄酯时，最佳条件为：反应时间为2h，反应温度为135℃左右，氯化苄与丁酸钠的物料配比为1.8:1，催化剂用量为15滴，产率可高达90%以上。
通过折射率、红外光谱法和气相色谱法对产品进行物性及结构表征，确定所合成的三种产品都是目标产品。
关键词：香料，羧酸苄酯，氯化苄，新洁而灭，合成The synthesis method for benzyl esters of carboxylic acidsAbstractPerfumes are the necessary in people’s life. As frequently used perfumes, benzyl esters of carboxylic acids have the flavors of fruit, so that people love them very much.The classification and production of perfumes, the development and the role in the country economy of perfume industry were reviewed. The synthesis of benzyl esters of carboxylic acids from carboxylic acids, sodium hydroxide and benzyl chloride in the presence of ben zalkonium bromide as the phase transfer catalyst was studied. And the optimum technological condition has been found. While benzyl acetate was synthesized, the yield of the product can be up to 83%, when the reaction temperature was about 145℃, the reaction time was 3h, the molar ratio of benzyl chloride and sodium acetate was 1.6 : 1, the amount of catalyst was 15 drop. While benzyl propionate was synthesized, the yield of the product can be up to 92%, when the molar ratio of benzyl chloride and sodium propionate was 1.1 : 1, the reaction time was 2.5h, the reaction temperature was about 140℃, the amount of catalyst was 15 drop. While benzyl butyrate was synthesized, the yield of the product can be up to 90%, when the reaction time was 2h, the reaction temperature was about 135℃, the molar ratio of benzyl chloride and sodium butyrate was 1.8 : 1, the amount of catalyst was 15 drop. The physical property and structure of the product was characterized by diopter, IR and GC-MS. Their structures are exactly the same as the purpose.Key words: perfume, benzyl esters of carboxylic acids, benzyl chloride, ben zalkonium bromide, synthesis目 录第一章 文献综述 (1)1.1 香料及分类 11.2 香料的生产 21.2.1 天然香料和单离香料的生产 21.2.2 合成香料的生产 31.2.3 酯类合成香料的生产 41.3 香料工业发展概况 71.3.1 发展历史 71.3.2 国外发展概况 91.3.3 国内发展概况 111.3.4 香料工业发展趋势 121.4 香料工业在国民经济中的作用 14第二章 实验部分 (16)2.1 前言 162.2 实验 172.2.1 实验仪器 172.2.2 主要试剂 172.2.3 实验方法 182.2.4 反应条件的确定 182.3 产品分析 222.3.1 折射率测定 222.3.2 红外光谱分析 222.3.3 GC-MS分析 242.4 实验结论 25参考文献 (26)致谢 (27)附录1 28附录2 29附录3 30附录4 31附录5 32附录6 33附录7 34附录8 35附录9 36第一章文献综述现代科学技术的迅速发展，使当今世界发生着日新月异的变化，使人们的生活水平不断提高。
