全新版大学英语进阶英语(2)Translation

全新版大学进阶英语综合教程21. 简介全新版大学进阶英语综合教程2是一本针对大学英语进阶学习者的教材。

本教程通过精选的英语文章、听力材料和练习题，旨在提高学生的听说读写能力，帮助他们更好地应对学术和职场英语需求。

2. 教材特点2.1 综合学习资源全新版大学进阶英语综合教程2提供了丰富的学习资源，包括教材本身的文章和练习题，以及配套的听力材料和答案解析。

学生可以通过这些资源进行全方位、多层次的学习，提高各项英语能力。

2.2 主题广泛、内容丰富教材的主题广泛涉及社会、科技、文化、经济等各个领域，内容丰富多样。

学生通过阅读这些文章，可以不仅了解当下热门话题，还可以锻炼英语阅读理解能力。

2.3 注重实际应用本教材注重将英语学习与实际应用相结合，旨在帮助学生提高英语交流能力。

教材中的练习题和写作任务都设计有实际应用场景，让学生能够将所学知识应用到实际情境中。

3. 教材组织结构3.1 分为六个单元本教材共分为六个单元，每个单元都围绕一个主题展开。

主题包括社交媒体、环境保护、科技创新等。

3.2 单元结构每个单元包含以下几个部分：•主题导入：简要介绍本单元主题，并激发学生的学习兴趣。

•阅读材料：选取与主题相关的英文文章，内容既有趣味性，也有一定难度，可帮助学生提高阅读能力。

•听力材料：与主题相关的听力材料，包括短对话、长对话和演讲等，旨在帮助学生提高听力理解能力。

•练习题：包括语法填空、阅读理解、听力理解等多种类型的练习题，全面巩固学生对本单元内容的掌握程度。

•写作任务：针对本单元主题，要求学生完成一篇短文或写一篇演讲稿，锻炼学生的写作能力和表达能力。

4. 使用方法4.1 教师指导教师可以根据自己的教学计划和学生的水平，合理安排教材的使用顺序和教学内容。

在每个单元的开头，建议教师进行主题导入，引发学生的思考和讨论。

4.2 学生自主学习学生可以按照教材的顺序，逐步阅读文章，完成练习题，并参与听力训练。

同时，学生还可以通过教材提供的答案解析和参考范文来自我检查和提高。

1 I received an email from a reader who asked, “Why do some friendships end, no matter how much you want them to last?”She referred to提到having seen the question in one of my articles, Mystery神秘的事物，迷of Friendship.As I wrote in it, I don’t think easy answers exist as to how friendships start, why some turn into lifetime ones, and why some end. Although I’ve tried answering thefirst two questions in other articles (To Have A Friend and BeA Friend), I still get surprised by friendships that endure and disillusioned使幻想破灭by ones that slip away.消逝Even so, I’ll try to offer some insights洞察，深刻的见解here as to why friendships end.我收到一个读者的电子邮件，他在邮件中问到，为什么有些友谊不管你多么想维系它却还是会终结，该读者说她曾在我发表的一篇文章《友谊之谜》中简单过这个问题。

正如我在文章中所说，对于友谊是如何开始的、为什么有些友谊会终结这类问题，我认为没有简单的答案，虽然我在别的文章中《拥有一个朋友》和《做一个朋友》常识回答过前两个问题，但是，我任然对那些经久不衰的友谊感到惊讶，也对那些逝去的友谊感到失望。

1. 杰克是个如此勤奋的学生，他无论走到哪里身边总是带着本书。

(diligent )2. 这是我的论文(PaPer )提纲(OUtline ),对于你的任何建议，我将不胜感激。

(appreciate )3. 无论是买还是租，你都得弄清楚什么样的房产最适合你和你的生活方式。

(PrOPerty )4. 在冰面上骑车是很危险的，因此我们必须用车闸( brake )减慢自行车的速度。

(slow down )5. 如果我们把所有精力和努力投入进去，再过几个月，我们肯定能完成这个项目。

(accomplish )6•我打算搬入一座位于镇中心附近三居室的房子。

而且，它离火车站也很近，走走就到。

(IoCate,in addition )7•我们想当然地认为是垃圾的很多东西，比如报纸、杂志、旧电脑和手机，实际上也可以通过这样或那样的方式再循环、再禾U用。

(take … for gran ted，trash，recycle )8. ---- 在询问一份工作的时候，我能问一些什么问题吗？-- 你可以问，这个职位(POSitiOn )是否还有，要等多久才能知道你是否有面试的机会。

(in quire，available )U I1. 乔治渴望有机会见她，可是却又不愿将此事告诉她。

(Io ng for, bring on eself to do sth. )2. 许多人聪明能干，但一辈子成就甚少，以为他们害怕可能不得不承受的种种艰难。

(endure, hardship )3. 我记得小时候住在乡下非常开心，那里春天时节花儿盛开。

(enjoyment, bloom )4. 近来暴力犯罪增加，政府肯定会采取对策。

(growth, react to )5. 不少人退休后会有失落感，我们应该帮助、关心他们。

(retire, Un dergo )6. 90年代他们在硅谷时，经常聚在一起，交换想法、讨论碰到的问题。

(exchange )7. 老太太望着在诺曼底登陆日阵亡的孙子的照片，满心悲伤。

全新版大学进阶英语综合教程2综合训练第四单元1. 介绍本文档是针对全新版《大学进阶英语综合教程2》中综合训练第四单元的学习内容进行总结和讲解。

该单元主要围绕着听力和口语能力进行训练，旨在提高学生的英语交流能力和理解能力。

2. 单元目标综合训练第四单元的目标是帮助学生达到以下能力：•提高听力理解能力，能够听懂日常英语对话和材料；•提高口语表达能力，能够流利自然地用英语进行日常会话；•增加语言表达的准确性和语法规范性；•培养学生的对话和口语交流的能力，提高与他人沟通的效果。

3. 学习内容综合训练第四单元主要包括以下几个部分：3.1 听力训练在听力训练中，学生将会听取一系列与日常生活相关的对话和材料。

通过听力练习，学生能够提高对英语的听力理解能力，包括对语速、语调、重点信息的把握。

同时，通过听力训练，学生能够学习一些常用的口语表达和词汇，以便在日常交流中能够更加自然地运用。

3.2 口语表达口语表达是本单元的重点训练内容。

学生将通过角色扮演和对话练习来提高口语表达的流利度和准确性。

通过模拟真实场景，学生可以更好地理解和运用英语口语。

同时，在口语练习中，学生还需要注意语法的准确性和句子结构的规范性。

3.3 语法和词汇练习语法和词汇练习是巩固学生语言基础的重要环节。

通过练习不同的语法结构和词汇，学生能够加深对语言规则的理解，并能够在实际口语交流中正确运用。

在练习中，学生需要注意语法的灵活运用和词汇的合理搭配，以便使语言表达更加准确和地道。

4. 学习方法为了达到单元的学习目标，学生可以尝试以下学习方法：•多听多说：多进行听力训练，并尝试模仿与实践口语表达，提高听说能力；•加强词汇积累：通过背单词和拓展词汇量，提高对词汇的掌握和应用能力；•刻意练习：针对单元的重点内容进行有针对性的练习，加强对语法和口语表达的理解和运用；•自我评估和反馈：及时检查自己的学习成果，并根据反馈调整学习策略，提升学习效果。

5. 总结综合训练第四单元是《大学进阶英语综合教程2》的重要学习内容。

Unit 1After living in the 24-hour city of Las Vegas, Nevada for nearly ten years, my family and I decided to slow things down. My daughter wanted a horse. My husband wanted property. My son wanted a dirt bike. I wanted our family to be more self-sufficient.None of us felt that this could be acplished where we were living and we all agreed that a move to the country would be great for everyone.Before long we set about looking for a home in Yucca, Arizona, a very small town of less than 1,000 people. It was while I was scanning listings from our real estate agent that I first learned of it. There was a home for sale there on 40 acres. When I called to inquire about the property, I was informed that there was no electricity available in the area. What? No electricity? I almost dismissed the idea immediately.The property was off the grid. It was not connected whatsoever to any utilities — power, water orsewer. Power was supplied by a wind turbine and solar panels. Water had to be hauled in and stored in two tanks located on the property. Forty acres would give us plenty of room for all of our animals and give my husband and son space to ride their ATVs. Besides, what better way is there to bee more self-sustainable? After giving it some thought, we decided to put in an offer and moved in on Thanksgiving Day.When we first moved to the property, we did some remodeling and stayed in our motor home. We were confronted with real challenges at the time. The power kept going out, the main water line to the house broke, the plumbing backed up into the front yard and the generator died.But the setbacks just made us work harder. We slowly got things fixed and moved into the house after 38 days in the RV. The next challenge was to bee familiar with your power system, and to learn the ins and outs of hauling your own water and generating your own power.Our off-the-grid system consists of eight solar panels (1,000 watts) that are mounted on a sun tracker rack. We also have a wind turbine that generates 3,000 watts in 24 mph winds. The energy generated by the wind and sun is stored in 16 6v golf cart batteries. We also have two 2,500-gallon above-ground water tanks and a 250-gallon propane tank. Every weekend, we haul two 275-gallon water tanks to the nearby town of Yucca and fill them with water, which we then pump into our big water tanks.While living here for the past four months has been a big adjustment, there are many benefits to living off the grid. I think one of the greatest is teaching my kids the importance of conservation. They used to take water, power and gas for granted. The first week we were here, we used almost 1,000 gallons of water. With only a5,000-gallon water tank, it didn’t take them long to understand that we had to use less water. We started taking quicker showers, doing only full loads of laundry, turning off the water while brushing our teeth or shaving.Over-consumption is even more clearly demonstrated by our electricity usage. We have a digital readout of how many volts of DC power we have stored in our batteries at any given time. If you turn on a light or the TV, the number goes down. In order to protect the batteries, the system is set up to shut the inverter off if the volts get too low. Then the power goes out. When we first moved in, we lost power almost daily. After this happens a few times, it bees clear very quickly just how often you waste electricity. Everything from lights and ceiling fans to puters and radios were left on when they were not in use. The cell phone chargers were plugged in even when they weren’t charging anything. All of this uses unnecessary power. We are steadily learning to bemore diligent with our power usage.In addition, we are also trying to make other changes. They include reducing the amount of trash we generate by recycling and posting, growing our own organic vegetables, and reusing and repurposing things that we would normally toss. We also want to produce our own eggs and goat’s milk in the near future.Overall, going off the grid has been great for our family. We have learned how to conserve power and water and to really appreciate what the earth gives to us every day. I hope that once my kids move out of the house, they will keep the habits that they have learned by living off the grid.I receive d an email from a reader who asked, “Why do some friendships end, no matter how much you want them to last?” She referred to having seen the question in one of my articles, Mystery of Friendship. As I wrote in it, I don’t think easy answers exist as to how friendships start, why some turn into lifetime ones, and why some end. Although I’ve tried answering the first two questions in other articles (To Have A Friend and Be A Friend), I still get surprised by friendships that endure and disillusioned by ones that slip away. Even so, I’ll try to offer some insights here as to why friendships end.My simple answer is that friendships end because the situations friends are in or even the friends themselves change. Others have similar answers. First, the situations friends face may change. The decision to relocate for a new school or job cannot help but affect a friendship. Likewise, if a friend is in an accident, develops an illness, or loses someone close, these situations cannot help but affect a friendship. Does a friendship need to end because of these changes? No, but it’ll require adjustments that one or both friends might not be willing to make. Second, the friends themselves may change. A significant reason that friendships often end when friendsare apart for an extended period of time (for summer camp, college, etc.) is that one or both of the friends change. I think it hurts less when both friends change, because then the breakup is more often mutual and so both friends get closure by both deciding to let go and move forward in their lives without eachother. What tends to hurt most is when just one friend changes. One friend might change social circles,bee involved in new social organizations, start to date, get a pet, or take on someother venture that consumes more time and passion. Again, a friendship can endure these changes, unless one or both of the friends for some reason decide not to invest the time and energy involved in the adjustment period. (For example, one friend might forget the importance of the friendship due to the high of having a new pet or might feel that the change is impossible to overe when one gets married but the other is still single.) In this situation, breakups may not be mutual and so one or both friends feel betrayed and end up with bitter memories about what was a precious friendship to them.There are other reasons why friendships end. For example, as much as two people might want a friendshipto survive, one or both of them might unintentionally neglect it. Friendship is often pared to a flowergarden. Well, if flowers don’t get exposed regularly enough to sunlight and don’t get watered enough, flowers will wither and even die. The same applies to friendship. If week after week passes where plans are made to spend time together but are never honored, perhaps due to taking a friendship for granted, eventually even the closest of friendships may cease to have a reason to exist.Conflicts can also cause the end of friendships. If the flower is a fledgling plant, one blow might destroy it just as sometimes relatively young friendships aren’t strong enough to endure much conflict. Even those amazing close friendships, where friends love us no matter what our faults are, need care when it es to conflicts. Sure, ifa flourishing flower gets stepped on, it might revive on its own. Moreover, if it gets a little extra special care, it’ll probably bounce back as if it hadn’t ever been injured. At the same time, if a flower gets repeatedly trampled on, it’ll probably eventually break. Especially the friendships that have been around for a long time can endure storms, and even bee stronger for them, but most friendships have breaking points.Nevertheless, while we can rarely predict at the outset which ones will last, most friendships do enrich us for however short or long they’re a part of our lives.In the sleepiness at the end of a library nap, I wasn’t sure where I was. I stretched out my arm to reach for a human being, but what I grabbed was a used copy of The Odyssey, the book about going home. My heart ached.It was 2 a.m. The library, flooded with white fluorescent light and smelling of musty books and sweaty sneakers, was eerily quiet. My readings seemed endless. I had been admitted into a three-course, yearlong freshman program called Directed Studies, dubbed Directed Suicide by Yalies. It was supposed to introduce us to “the splendors of Western civilization,” in the words of the catalog, by force-feeding the canons of philosophy, literature and history.I wanted very much to study the Western canon, because I knew nothing about it. Yes, McDonald’s ads and Madonna posters were plastered on Shanghai streets, but few Western ideas filtered through. We had been informed of Karl Marx’s habit of sitting at the same spot in the British Library, for instance, but had read none of his original words. Western civilization was different, mysterious and thus alluring. Besides, because I longed to be accepted here, I yearned to understand American society. What better way to prehend it than to study the very ideas on which it is based?But at 2 a.m., I was tired of them all: Homer, Virgil, Herodotus and Plato. Their words were dull and the presentations difficult to follow. The professors here do not teach in the same way that teachers in Chinado. Studying humanities in China means memorizing all the “correct,” standard interpretations given during lectures. Here, professors ask provocative questions and let the students argue, research and write papers on their own. At Yale, I often waited for the end-of-class “correct” answers, which never came.Learning humanities was secure repetition in China, but it was shaky originality here. And it could be even shakier for me. The name Agamemnon was impossibly long to pronounce, and as a result I di dn’t recognize it when we were discussing him in the seminars. I had written my first English essay ever just a year earlier, when applying to colleges, and now came the papers analyzing the canons. And I simply didn’t write in English fast enough to take notes in classes.I hoped my diligence would make up for lack of preparation. On weekend nights, when my American roommates were out on dates, I would tell them I had planned a date with Dante or Aristotle. (They didn’t think it was funny.)On one of those weekend nights, I wrote a paper on Aeneas, the protagonist of The Aeneid, who was destined to found Rome but reluctant to leave behind his native Troy. “Aeneas agonizes,” Iwrote. “He hesitates. Natural instincts call him to stick to the past, while at the same time, he feels obligatedto obey his father’s instructions for the future. His present life is split, pulled apart by the bygone days and by the days to e. ” I saw myself in what I wrote.During calls home every two weeks, my mother pleaded with me to take chemistry or biology. Science was the same everywhere, she said. And I, like everybody else from China, was well prepared in math, physics and chemistry. (To graduate from a standard six-year Chinese high school, one needs to take five years of physics, four years of chemistry and three years of biology.)Instead, I visited the writing tutor — there is one in every undergraduate residential hall — for every paper I turned in. My papers were always written days before they were due. I lingered after classes to question professors. My classmates lent me their notes so I could learn the skill of note-taking in English.By the time I missed home so much that soup dumplings and sautéed eels popped up in my head as I read, Nietzsche had replaced Plato on the chronological reading list and Flaubert Homer. And every paper of mine came back with an A.脱离电网的生活：一家城市居民如何发现了简单生活艾莉森·佐谢尔1.在内华达州的不眠之城拉斯维加斯生活了将近十年之后，我和我的家人决定放慢生活节奏。

Universities Encourage New Students to Go It AloneSun Xiaochen1 With an eye to increasing college students’ independence and improving their social skills, Chinese universities are encouraging freshmen to enroll by themselves without their parents’ help.2 It used to be quite a scene when families accompanied their children to college enrollment in China.3 Vehicles packed with luggage usually filled campuses, while parents carrying bags would follow their children everywhere to help them handle procedures and get them settled in at dormitories.4 However, it was a different scene at Tsinghua University on Wednesday, when more than 3,000 freshmen reported to school and finished all the procedures themselves.5 A yellow line drawn across the entrance of the school arena separated parents from their children, who entered the gym alone with their documentation. The students would spend as much as three hours dealing with the enrollment procedures, including department registration, credential collection and room distribution.6 Senior schoolmates helped new students transfer their baggage and explore the campus.7 The move, launched by Tsinghua University last year, is expected to improve young Chinese people’s self-reliance and independent spirit at a crucial stage of life, university President Chen Jining said.8 “An important goal of higher education is cultivating students’ independent personalities, which should be embodied in every process of campus life,” said Chen, who wrote a brief message with the admission letter that encouraged students to leave their parents behind on enrollment day.9 “How can youngsters grow up with their parents spoiling them and taking care of everything? We expect to make a difference from the beginning.”10 The call got a positive response from students.11 Feng Lei, a student from Gansu province who will study hydraulic engineering, took a 25-hour train ride to Beijing with only one schoolmate.12 “It’s my first long trip without my parents, and I am actually quite excited about it,” he said. “Coming to the university opens a new stage of my life, andI should learn to take care of myself from the start.”13 Feng said he has already made three new friends after enrollment and it really helps to get to know each other.14 Inspired by Tsinghua, other universities have also launched their own campaigns to encourage students to enroll alone. Experts said these independence-improving initiatives should be promoted.15 “The lack of independence has been a major conce rn for kids born in the 1990s as parents arranged everything, which instead hampered their all-around development,” said Xiong Bingqi, vice-president of the 21th Century Education Research Institute.16 “Such campaigns will help them realize that they hav e to live their lives on their own, and schools should provide more independence-developing programs to go with academic education.”高校鼓励新生独立孙晓晨1 着眼于提高高校大学生的独立能力和改善他们的社交能力，中国高校正在鼓励新生不要父母陪伴独自去学校报到。

After living in the 24-hour city of Las Vegas, Nevada for nearly ten years, my family and I decided to slow things down. My daughter wanted a horse. My husband wanted property. My son wanted a dirt bike. I wanted our family to be more self-sufficient.None of us felt that this could be accomplished where we were living and we all agreed that a move to the country would be great for everyone.Before long we set about looking for a home in Yucca, Arizona, a very small town of less than 1,000 people. It was while I was scanning listings from our real estate agent that I first learned of it. There was a home for sale there on 40 acres. When I called to inquire about the property, I was informed that there was no electricity available in the area. What? No electricity? I almost dismissed the idea immediately.The property was off the grid. It was not connected whatsoever to any utilities — power, water orsewer. Power was supplied by a wind turbine and solar panels. Water had to be hauled in and stored in two tanks located on the property. Forty acres would give us plenty of room for all of our animals and give my husband and son space to ride their ATVs. Besides, what better way is there to become more self-sustainable? After giving it some thought, we decided to put in an offer and moved in on Thanksgiving Day.When we first moved to the property, we did some remodeling and stayed in our motor home. We were confronted with real challenges at the time. The power kept going out, the main water line to the house broke, the plumbing backed up into the front yard and the generator died.But the setbacks just made us work harder. We slowly got things fixed and moved into the house after 38 days in the RV. The next challenge was to become familiar with your power system, and to learn the ins and outs of hauling your own water and generating your own power.Our off-the-grid system consists of eight solar panels (1,000 watts) that are mounted on a sun tracker rack. We also have a wind turbine that generates 3,000 watts in 24 mph winds. The energy generated by the wind and sun is stored in 16 6v golf cart batteries. We also have two 2,500-gallon above-ground water tanks and a 250-gallon propane tank. Every weekend, we haul two 275-gallon water tanks to the nearby town of Yucca and fill them with water, which we then pump into our big water tanks.While living here for the past four months has been a big adjustment, there are many benefits to living off the grid. I think one of the greatest is teaching my kids the importance of conservation. They used to take water, power and gas for granted. The first week we were here, we used almost 1,000 gallons of water. With only a5,000-gallon water tank, it didn’t take them long to understand that we had to use l ess water. We started taking quicker showers, doing only full loads of laundry, turning off the water while brushing our teeth or shaving.Over-consumption is even more clearly demonstrated by our electricity usage. We have a digital readout of how many volts of DC power we have stored in our batteries at any given time. If you turn on a light or the TV, the number goes down. In order to protect the batteries, the system is set up to shut the inverter off if the volts get too low. Then the power goes out. When we first moved in, we lost power almost daily. After this happens a few times, it becomes clear very quickly just how often you waste electricity. Everything from lights and ceiling fans to computers and radios were left on when they were not in use. The cell phone chargers were plugged in even when they weren’t charging anything. All of this uses unnecessary power. We are steadily learning to be more diligent with our power usage.In addition, we are also trying to make other changes. They include reducing the amount of trash we generate by recycling and composting, growing our own organic vegetables, and reusing and repurposing things that we would normally toss. We also want to produce our own eggs and goat’s milk in the near future.Overall, going off the grid has been great for our family. We have learned how to conserve power and water and to really appreciate what the earth gives to us every day. I hope that once my kids move out of the house, they will keep the habits that they have learned by living off the grid.I received an email from a reader who asked, “Why do some friendships end, no matter how much you want them to last?” She referred to having seen the question in one of my articles, Mystery of Friendship. As I wrote in it, I don’t think easy answers exist as to how friendships start, why some turn into lifetime ones, and why some end. Although I’ve tried answering the first two questions in other articles (To Have A Friend and Be A Friend), I still get surprised by friendships that endure and disillusioned by ones that slip away. Even so, I’ll try to offer some insights here as to why friendships end.My simple answer is that friendships end because the situations friends are in or even the friends themselves change. Others have similar answers. First, the situations friends face may change. The decision to relocate for a new school or job cannot help but affect a friendship. Likewise, if a friend is in an accident, develops an illness, or loses someone close, these situations cannot help but affect a friendship. Does a friendship need to end because of these changes? No, but it’ll require adjustments that one or both friends might not be willing to make. Second, the friends themselves may change. A significant reason that friendships often end when friendsare apart for an extended period of time (for summer camp, college, etc.) is that one or both of the friends change. I think it hurts less when both friends change, because then the breakup is more often mutual and so both friends get closure by both deciding to let go and move forward in their lives without eachother. What tends to hurt most is when just one friend changes. One friend might change social circles, become involved in new social organizations, start to date, get a pet, or take on someother venture that consumes more time and passion. Again, a friendship can endure these changes, unless one or both of the friends for some reason decide not to invest the time and energy involved in the adjustment period. (For example, one friend might forget the importance of the friendship due to the high of having a new pet or might feel that the change is impossible to overcome when one gets married but the other is still single.) In this situation, breakups may not be mutual and so one or both friends feel betrayed and end up with bitter memories about what was a precious friendship to them.There are other reasons why friendships end. For example, as much as two people might want a friendshipto survive, one or both of them might unintentionally neglect it. Friendship is often compared to a flower garden. Well, if flowers don’t get exposed regularly enough to sunlight and don’t get watered enough, flowers will wither and even die. The same applies to friendship. If week after week passes where plans are made to spend time together but are never honored, perhaps due to taking a friendship for granted, eventually even the closest of friendships may cease to have a reason to exist.Conflicts can also cause the end of friendships. If the flower is a fledgling plant, one blow might destroy it just as sometimes relatively young friendships aren’t strong enough to endure much conflict. Even those amazing close friendships, where friends love us no matter what our faults are, need care when it comes to conflicts. Sure, if a flourishing flower gets stepped on, it might revive on its own. Moreover, if it gets a little extra special care, it’ll probably bounce back as if it hadn’t ever been injured. At the same time, if a flower gets repeatedly trampled on, it’ll probably eventually break. Especially the friendships that have been around for a long time can endure storms, and even become stronger for them, but most friendships have breaking points.Nevertheless, while we can rarely predict at the outset which ones will last, most friendships do enrich us for however short or long they’re a part of our lives.In the sleepiness at the end of a library nap, I wasn’t sure where I was. I stretched out my arm to reach for a human being, but what I grabbed was a used copy of The Odyssey, the book about going home. My heart ached.It was 2 a.m. The library, flooded with white fluorescent light and smelling of musty books and sweaty sneakers, was eerily quiet. My readings seemed endless. I had been admitted into a three-course, yearlong freshman program called Directed Studies, dubbed Directed Suicide by Yalies. It was supposed to introduce us to “the splendors of Western civilization,” in the words of the catalog, by force-feeding the canons of philosophy, literature and history.I wanted very much to study the Western canon, because I knew nothing about it. Yes, McDonald’s ads and Madonna posters were plastered on Shanghai streets, but few Western ideas filtered through. We had been informed of Karl Marx’s habit of sitting at the same spot in the British Library, for instance, but had read none of his original words. Western civilization was different, mysterious and thus alluring. Besides, because I longed to be accepted here, I yearned to understand American society. What better way to comprehend it than to study the very ideas on which it is based?But at 2 a.m., I was tired of them all: Homer, Virgil, Herodotus and Plato. Their words were dull and the presentations difficult to follow. The professors here do not teach in the same way that teachers in Chinado. Studying humanities in China means memorizing all the “correct,” standard interpretations given during lectures. Here, professors ask provocative questions and let the students argue, research and write papers on their own. At Yale, I often waited for the end-of-class “correct” answers, which never came.Learning humanities was secure repetition in China, but it was shaky originality here. And it could be even shakier for me. The name Agamemnon was impossibly long to pronounce, and as a result I didn’t recognize it when we were discussing him in the seminars. I had written my first English essay ever just a year earlier, when applying to colleges, and now came the papers analyzing the canons. And I simply didn’t write in English fast enough to take notes in classes.I hoped my diligence would make up for lack of preparation. On weekend nights, when my American roommates were out on dates, I would tell them I had planned a date with Dante or Aristotle. (They didn’t think it was funny.)On one of those weekend nights, I wrote a paper on Aeneas, the protagonist of The Aeneid, who was destined to found Rome but reluctant to leave behind his native Troy. “Aeneas agonizes,” Iwrote. “He hesitates. Natural instincts call him to stick to the past, while at the same time, he feels obligatedto obey his father’s instructions for the future. His present life is split, pulled apart by the bygone days and by the days to come. ” I saw myself in what I wrote.During calls home every two weeks, my mother pleaded with me to take chemistry or biology. Science was the same everywhere, she said. And I, like everybody else from China, was well prepared in math, physics and chemistry. (To graduate from a standard six-year Chinese high school, one needs to take five years of physics, four years of chemistry and three years of biology.)Instead, I visited the writing tutor — there is one in every undergraduate residential hall — for every paper I turned in. My papers were always written days before they were due. I lingered after classes to question professors. My classmates lent me their notes so I could learn the skill of note-taking in English.By the time I missed home so much that soup dumplings and sautéed eels popped up in my head as I read, Nietzsche had replaced Plato on the chronological reading list and Flaubert Homer. And every paper of mine came back with an A.脱离电网的生活：一家城市居民如何发现了简单生活艾莉森·佐谢尔1.在内华达州的不眠之城拉斯维加斯生活了将近十年之后，我和我的家人决定放慢生活节奏。

全新版大学进阶英语2答案答案解析全新版大学进阶英语2是一本针对大学生英语学习的教材，旨在提高学生的英语水平。

本文将提供一些学习该教材时常见的问题的答案解析，希望能帮助读者更好地理解教材内容。

Unit 1: Global ChallengesSection A: Global Issues1.What are some of the major global challenges we arecurrently facing?–Some major global challenges we are currently facing include climate change, poverty, terrorism, andpolitical conflicts. These issues impact people from allaround the world and require global cooperation tofind solutions.2.How can individuals contribute to solving globalchallenges?–Individuals can contribute to solving global challenges in various ways. They can practicesustainable living, reduce their carbon footprint,donate to organizations working towards solvingthese challenges, volunteer, and raise awarenessabout the issues among others.3.What role does education play in addressing global challenges?–Education plays a crucial role in addressing global challenges. It helps raise awareness amongindividuals and promotes critical thinking andproblem-solving skills. A well-educated society ismore likely to come up with innovative solutions toglobal challenges.Section B: Climate Change1.What are the main causes of climate change?–The main causes of climate change are the increased greenhouse gas emissions from humanactivities, such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation,and industrial processes. These activities lead to theaccumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, trapping heat and causing the Earth’s temperature torise.2.How does climate change impact the environment?–Climate change has numerous impacts on the environment, including rising sea levels, meltingglaciers, more frequent extreme weather events, lossof biodiversity, and disruption of ecosystems. Theseimpacts have far-reaching consequences for bothhuman and natural systems.3.What can individuals do to mitigate climate change?–Individuals can contribute to mitigating climate change by reducing their carbon footprint throughactions such as using renewable energy sources,conserving energy, driving less, and practicingsustainable agriculture. Additionally, supportingpolicies and initiatives that promote clean energy andenvironmental conservation is also important.Unit 2: Technology and SocietySection A: The Impact of Technology1.What are some ways in which technology has transformed our lives?–Technology has transformed our lives in various ways. It has revolutionized communicationthrough the internet and smartphones, madeinformation easily accessible, improved healthcarethrough advanced medical technologies, increasedefficiency in various industries, and provided newforms of entertainment.2.What are some potential benefits and drawbacks of technological advancements?–Some potential benefits of technological advancements include increased productivity,improved quality of life, medical advancements, andenhanced connectivity. However, there are alsodrawbacks such as job displacement, privacy concerns,overreliance on technology, and potential negativeeffects on mental and physical health.3.How can society ensure responsible and ethical use of technology?–Society can ensure responsible and ethical use of technology through education and awareness about potential risks and ethical considerations.Additionally, regulations and policies can beimplemented to protect privacy, prevent misuse oftechnology, and promote responsible innovation.Unit 3: Cross-Cultural CommunicationSection A: Cultural Differences1.What are some key cultural differences that may affect communication between people from different cultures?–Some key cultural differences that may affect communication between people from differentcultures include language barriers, differentcommunication styles, varying perceptions of timeand punctuality, nonverbal communicationdifferences, and different attitudes towards hierarchyand authority.2.How can individuals overcome cultural barriers in communication?–Individuals can overcome cultural barriers in communication by developing cultural awareness andsensitivity. They can educate themselves aboutdifferent cultures, learn basic phrases of otherlanguages, actively listen and adapt theircommunication style, and be open-minded andrespectful towards cultural differences.3.Why is cross-cultural communication important intoday’s globalized world?–Cross-cultural communication is important in today’s globalized world because it promotesunderstanding, cooperation, and harmony amongindividuals from different cultures. It helps breakdown stereotypes and fosters meaningfulrelationships in a diverse and interconnected world.Conclusion这些答案解析提供了对《全新版大学进阶英语2》教材中常见问题的解答。

Unit 1After living in the 24-hour city of Las Vegas, Nevada for nearly ten years, my family and I decided to slow things down. My daughter wanted a horse. My husband wanted property. My son wanted a dirt bike. I wanted our family to be more self-sufficient.None of us felt that this could be accomplished where we were living and we all agreed that a move to the country would be great for everyone.Before long we set about looking for a home in Yucca, Arizona, a very small town of less than 1,000 people. It was while I was scanning listings from our real estate agent that I first learned of it. There was a home for sale there on 40 acres. When I called to inquire about the property, I was informed that there was no electricity available in the area. What? No electricity? I almost dismissed the idea immediately.The property was off the grid. It was not connected whatsoever to any utilities —power, water orsewer. Power was supplied by a wind turbine and solar panels. Water had to be hauled in and stored in two tanks located on the property. Forty acres would give us plenty of room for all of our animals and give my husband and son space to ride their ATVs. Besides, what better way is there to become more self- sustainable? After giving it some thought, we decided to put in an offer and moved in on Thanksgiving Day.When we first moved to the property, we did some remodeling and stayed in our motor home. We were confronted with real challenges at the time. The power kept going out, the main water line to the house broke, the plumbing backed up into the front yard and the generator died.But the setbacks just made us work harder. We slowly got things fixed and moved into the house after 38 days in the RV. The next challenge was to become familiar with your power system, and to learn the ins and outs of hauling your own water and generating your own power.Our off-the-grid system consists of eight solar panels (1,000 watts) that are mounted on a sun tracker rack. We also have a wind turbine that generates 3,000 watts in 24 mph winds. The energy generated by the wind and sun is stored in 16 6v golf cart batteries. We also have two 2,500-gallon above-ground water tanks and a 250-gallon propane tank. Every weekend, we haul two 275-gallon water tanks to the nearby town of Yucca and fill them with water, which we then pump into our big water tanks.While living here for the past four months has been a big adjustment, there are many benefits to living off the grid. I think one of the greatest is teaching my kids the importance of conservation. They used to take water, power and gas for granted. The first week we were here, we used almost 1,000 gallons of water. With only a 5,000- gallon water tank, it didn ' t take them long to understand that we had to useessl water. We started takingquicker showers, doing only full loads of laundry, turning off the water while brushing our teeth or shaving.Over-consumption is even more clearly demonstrated by our electricity usage. We have a digital readout of how many volts of DC power we have stored in our batteries at any given time. If you turn on a light or the TV, the number goes down. In order to protect the batteries, the system is set up to shut the inverter off if the volts get too low. Then the power goes out. When we first moved in, we lost power almost daily. After this happens a few times, it becomes clear very quickly just how often you waste electricity. Everything from lights and ceiling fans to computers and radios were left on when they were not in use. The cell phone chargers were plugged in even when they weren 't charging anythingA. ll of this uses unnecessary power. We are steadily learning to be more diligent with our power usage.In addition, we are also trying to make other changes. They include reducing the amount of trash we generate by recycling and composting, growing our own organic vegetables, and reusing and repurposing things that we would normally toss. We also want to produce our own eggs and goat ' s milk in the near future.Overall, going off the grid has been great for our family. We have learned how to conserve power and water and to really appreciate what the earth gives to us every day. I hope that once my kids move out of the house, they will keep the habits that they have learned by living off the grid.Unit 3I received an email from a reader who asked, “ Why do some friendshniposmeantdte, r how much you wantthem to last? Sh”e referred to having seen the question in one of my articles, Mystery of Friendship . As I wrote in it, I don ' t think easy answers exist as to how friendships start, why some turn into lifetime ones, and why some end. Although I ' ve tried answering the first two questions in other articles ( To Have A Friend and Be A Friend ), I still get surprised by friendships that endure and disillusioned by ones that slip away. Even so, I ' ll try to offersome insights here as to why friendships end.My simple answer is that friendships end because the situations friends are in or even the friends themselves change. Others have similar answers. First, the situations friends face may change. The decision to relocate for a new school or job cannot help but affect a friendship. Likewise, if a friend is in an accident, develops an illness, or loses someone close, these situations cannot help but affect a friendship. Does a friendship need to end because of these changes? No, but it ' ll require adjustments that one or both friends might not be willing to make.Second, the friends themselves may change. A significant reason that friendships often end when friends are apart for an extended period of time (for summer camp, college, etc.) is that one or both of the friends change. I think it hurts less when both friends change, because then the breakup is more often mutual and so both friends get closure by both deciding to let go and move forward in their lives without each other. What tends to hurt most is when just one friend changes. One friend might change social circles, become involved in new social organizations, start to date, get a pet, or take on some other venture that consumes more time and passion. Again, a friendship can endure these changes, unless one or both of the friends for some reason decide not to invest the time and energy involved in the adjustment period. (For example, one friend might forget the importance of the friendship due to the high of having a new pet or might feel that the change is impossible to overcome when one gets married but the other is still single.) In this situation, breakups may not be mutual and so one or both friends feel betrayed and end up with bitter memories about what was a precious friendship to them.There are other reasons why friendships end. For example, as much as two people might want a friendship to survive, one or both of them might unintentionally neglect it. Friendship is often compared to a flower garden. Well, if flowers don 'extpgoested regularly enough to sunlight and don ' t get watered enough, flowers willwither and even die. The same applies to friendship. If week after week passes where plans are made to spend time together but are never honored, perhaps due to taking a friendship for granted, eventually even the closest of friendships may cease to have a reason to exist.Conflicts can also cause the end of friendships. If the flower is a fledgling plant, one blow might destroy it just as sometimes relatively young friendships aren ' t strong enough to endure much cEonvfelinctt.hose amazingclose friendships, where friends love us no matter what our faults are, need care when it comes to conflicts. Sure, if a flourishing flower gets stepped on, it might revive on its own. Moreover, if it gets a little extra special care, it 'll probablybounce back as if it hadn't ever ibnejuerned. At the same time, if a flower gets repeatedly trampledon, it ' ll probably eventually break.Especially the friendships that have been around for a long time can endure storms, and even become stronger for them, but most friendships have breaking points.Nevertheless, while we can rarely predict at the outset which ones will last, most friendships do enrich us for however short or long they ' re a part of our lives.In the sleepiness at the end of a library nap, I wasn 'wat s.uIrestwrehtcehr e dI out my arm to reach for a human being, but what I grabbed was a used copy of The Odyssey , the book about going home. My heart ached.It was 2 a.m. The library, flooded with white fluorescent light and smelling of musty books and sweaty sneakers, was eerily quiet. My readings seemed endless. I had been admitted into a three-course, yearlong freshman program called Directed Studies, dubbed Directed Suicide by Yalies. It was supposed to introduce us to “the splendors of Western civilization, in the word”s of the catalog, by force-feeding the canons of philosophy,literature and history.I wanted very much to study the Western canon, because I knew nothing about it. Yes, McDonald 's ads and Madonna posters were plastered on Shanghai streets, but few Western ideas filtered through. We had been informed of Karl Marx 's habit of sitting at the samsepot in the British Library, for instance, but had read none of his original words. Western civilization was different, mysterious and thus alluring. Besides, because I longed to be accepted here, I yearned to understand American society. What better way to comprehend it than to study the very ideas on which it is based?But at 2 a.m., I was tired of them all: Homer, Virgil, Herodotus and Plato. Their words were dull and the presentations difficult to follow. The professors here do not teach in the same way that teachers in China do. Studying humanities in China means memorizing all the “ correct, ” stainntedraprrdetations given duringlectures. Here, professors ask provocative questions and let the students argue, research and write papers on their own. At Yale, I often waited for the end-of- class “ correct ” answers, which never came.Learning humanities was secure repetition in China, but it was shaky originality here. And it could be even shakier for me. The name Agamemnon was impossibly long to pronounce, and as a result I didn 't recognize i when we were discussing him in the seminars. I had written my first English essay ever just a year earlier, when applying to colleges, and now came the papers analyzing the canons. And I simply didn 't write in English fast enough to take notes in classes.I hoped my diligence would make up for lack of preparation. On weekend nights, when my American roommates were out on dates, I would tell them I had planned a date with Dante or Aristotle. (They didn 't think it was funny.)On one of those weekend nights, I wrote a paper on Aeneas, the protagonist of The Aeneid , who was destined to found Rome but reluctant to leave behind his native Troy. “ Aeneas agonizes, ” I wrote. “ Hehesitates. Natural instincts call him to stick to the past, while at the same time, he feels obligated to obey his father 's instructions for the futureH. is present life is split, pulled apart by the bygone days and by the days to come. ”I saw myself in what I wrote.During calls home every two weeks, my mother pleaded with me to take chemistry or biology. Science was the same everywhere, she said. And I, like everybody else from China, was well prepared in math, physics and chemistry. (To graduate from a standard six-year Chinese high school, one needs to take five years of physics, four years of chemistry and three years of biology.) Instead, I visited the writing tutor —there is one in every undergraduate residential hall —for every paperI turned in. My papers were always written days before they were due. I lingered after classes to question professors. My classmates lent me their notes so I could learn the skill of note-taking in English.By the time I missed home so much that soup dumpli ngs and saut ed eels po p ped up in my head as I read,Nietzsche had replaced Plato on the chronological reading list and Flaubert Homer. And every paper of mine came back with an A.脱离电网的生活：一家城市居民如何发现了简单生活艾莉森佐谢尔1.在内华达州的不眠之城拉斯维加斯生活了将近十年之后，我和我的家人决定放慢生活节奏。

Key to ExercisesOpenerSuggested answers for reference1. Qian Zhongshu was a Chinese literary scholar and writer, best known for his wit and great academic knowledge. One of his most famous novels is Fortress Besieged (《围城》). Yang Jiang was a Chinese playwright, author, and translator. Her memoir We Three(《我们仨》) recalls memories of her late husband, Qian Zhongshu, and her daughter, Qian Yuan, who died before her father.David Beckham is an English former professional footballer, and the first English player to win league titles in four countries: England, Spain, the United States and France. David is married to Victoria Beckham, an English businesswoman, fashion designer, model, and singer. They have four children.2. Qian and Yang’s romance began when th ey met at Tsinghua University after Yang Jiang enrolled in the graduate school in 1932. They married in 1935.David started dating Victoria in 1997, after she attended a charity football match. The couple announced their engagement in 1998 and married in 1999.3. During the Cultural Revolution, like many other prominent intellectuals of the time, Qian Zhongshu and Yang Jiang were “sent down”, doing “reform through labor” in a “cadre school” in Henan from 1969 to 1972.The challenge David and Victoria have come across is media attention.They are both famous, so their relationship has attracted a great deal of media attention from its very beginning.Reading & InteractingI. Understanding the Text1. Text Organization2. Comprehension CheckFocusing on the main ideasFrank joined the . Army during World War II, and frequently exchanged letters with Polly, his wife. Frank, away in England, wrote about his longings for home and his feelings towards Polly and Dee, their toddler daughter, while Polly described in detail her life at home and expressed her concern over the war, as well as the loneliness she endured from the long separation. They wrote about their love for each other and comforted each other with the expectation for their reunion in the future. Tragically, however, Frank was killed in the Normandy landing operation on D-Day.Digging into detail1. He was very bitter that he was not going to be by her side whileshe grew up.2. He believed it was God’s will whether he would be one of the assaulttroops and whether he would survive the fighting. What he would do was to trust God.3. They had not seen each other for 8 months.4. Polly would take her daughter Dee to see her first movie.5. Polly imagined she and Frank would listen to their favorite musictogether on Sunday nights.6. She felt all the more sentimental but at the same time more confidentin the future.Understanding difficult sentences1. B2. A3. B4. B5. BII. Focusing on Language in Context1. Key Words & Expressions1. While I was working in a fast-food restaurant, I constantly dreamtof being able to own one someday.2. It was common for people to keep up correspondence with friendsthrough letters before the age of the Internet.3. In modern Chinese society, women, to a large extent, are no longerdominated by men either in family life or in the workplace.4. There is now a growing realization of the importance of recyclingamong the residents in our neighborhood.5. The Japanese invasion during World War II met with fierce resistancefrom the Chinese people.6. It is wonderful to see flowers bloom in different colours after along bleak winter.7. The elderly landlady couldn’t endure the behavior of the young manany more: he tossed trash all over the building.8. It is true that human beings have had war constantly throughouthistory; nevertheless human civilization has managed to survive.9. An increasingly large number of Chinese plan to spend their timetravelling to different countries and seeing more of the world when they retire.10. Last week I submitted my first project proposal and I was veryanxious to know how the department manager would react to it.11. We all sympathize with those who lost loved ones in the disaster.12. The general decided to launch an assault on the enemy at midnight.13. At that time, most stores in that region allowed shoppers to exchangegoods and services at a mutually agreed price.14. The kids never received any professional training previously, buttheir performance was impressive.15. It’s amazing that the toddler can count up to one hundred andbackward.1. postponed2. of late3. long for4. continuallyfor 6. on land 7. adored 8. by the day1. The sole survivor of the crash declined to be interviewed sayinghe just could not bring himself to talk about the tragic accident at the moment.2. I thought the party I was invited to was a quiet and private one,but as it turned out, I was overwhelmed by the crowds and noise.3. Like many of her generation, the lady suffered/underwent a lot ofhardships throughout her life.4. The local government was forced /had to bow to public pressure andcancelled the nuclear power program.5. Different teachers play different roles in the growth of a student.6. The team is carrying out research to find out the impact on childrenof long separation from their parents.7. Mary immediately felt uneasy when she found her cousin John wasgazing upon her.8. I can still recall how my heart was filled with joy and pride whenI received the diploma from the principal.2. Usage1. We all pray for the return of peace and loved ones.2. The prime minister, when talking about the servicemen in battle,said, “Those brave young peo ple are the ones who are undergoing all/all of the hardships.”3. All of them were overwhelmed by the glamour of the royal palace.4. The happiest are not those who own all/all of the best things, butthose who can appreciate the beauty of life.5. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.3. Sentence Patterns1. Of course you all think big. But I’ll bet many of you have no ideawhat you are really longing for.2. The school bus driver shouted, “Don’t get off until the busstops!”3. I understand the importance of developing the habit of not puttingoff what you can do today until tomorrow. But you know, it’s always easier said than done.4. You may say you enjoy being single, but I bet you will thinkdifferently when you finally fall in love.5. Not until I experienced terrible loneliness did I come to therealization that support and sympathy from family were precious.4. Comprehensive PracticeClozeIn putting into words how much we adore someone, sometimes it is easier to do so in correspondence than face-to-face. One cannot help but sympathize with the lover who, gazing upon the object of his affection face-to-face, becomes overwhelmed and lost for words. Here distance may help. For separation not only makes the heart grow fonder, it also provides the perfect excuse for a(n) exchange of love letters in which the tongue-tied lover can give a more impressive display of his innermost thoughts. Unable to bring himself to speak freely about his feelings, with pen and paper on hand he may nonetheless easily fill pages with fine words. Watered by these, love will hopefully bloom. Translation1. George longs for a chance to meet her, but he can’t bring himselfto tell her about it.2. Many smart and capable people do not achieve a lot in their lifebecause they are afraid of the hardships they may have to endure.3. I remember that in my childhood I had great enjoyment in living inthe countryside where all the flowers were blooming in spring.4. The government is sure to react to the recent growth in violentcrime.5. Quite a lot of people can undergo feelings of loss after they retire,and we may help them with our care and concern.6. They would get together exchanging ideas and discussing the problemsthey were confronted with when they stayed in Silicon Valley in the 90’s.7. Gazing upon the picture of her grandson who lost his life on D-Day,the elderly lady was filled with sorrow.8. Some people worry that robots may someday become the dominatingforce in the world.Reading & ComprehendingReading 11. Comprehension Check for Reading 11. F2. F3. F4. T5. F6. T7. T8. F9. F 10. T2. Translation1. 每个事故本身都不怎么严重，但叠加起来似乎就触发了一个奇怪的结果。