必修5unit4 知识点讲解

Unit 4Living Planet一、单词——在语境中默写，在联想中积累⇩积1.聚焦-serve结尾动2.-rupt结尾动词集合3.“出版，发行”说4.后缀-ism名词一览词①observe观察；遵守②deserve应受；值得③conserve保存；保守④preserve保存；保护⑤reserve保留；预订①erupt (火山)喷发②interrupt 打扰③corrupt 腐败④abrupt 唐突⑤bankrupt 破产法多①release v. 发布；推出②publish v. 出版③issue v. 发行；发布④come out 出版；出现⑤bring out 公布；出版①tourism旅游业②criticism 批评③realism 现实主义④socialism社会主义⑤pessimism悲观主义二、短语——在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多⇩积1.at短语训练营①at least/most至少/多②at first 起初③at last 最后④at times 有时⑤at once 马上⑥at home 在家；在国内2.make短语速记①make up构成；化妆②make sure 确保，证实③make it获得成功；准时达到；渡过难关④make up for 弥补⑤make a difference 有作用⑥make sense 讲得通；有意义⑦at present 目前⑦make up one’s mind 做出决定三、句式——在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通第一板块核心单词归纳集释1．observe vt.庆祝；观察；注意到；遵守[高考佳句]Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults.(2018·天津高考)我们大多数人在孩提时代比成人后观察得更多。

[一词多义]写出下列句中observe的含义①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.遵守②Thanksgiving Day is observed as a general holiday by the American people.庆祝③The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behaviour of the chimps.观察④The police observed the man entering/enter the bank.注意到The guard observed a young man stealing (steal) from the office, and he tried to approach him quietly.门卫注意到一位年轻人正从办公室里偷东西，他试图悄悄地靠近他。

Unit 4Making the news学习目标要点词汇delighted, assist， eager, acquire, inform ， demand, accurate, approve, 小词简析要点短语accuse of, in the process of, concentrate on, defend against, have a nose for, depend on, ahead of 要点句型1. so as to 指引目的状语2. ... case +定语从句知识解说要点词汇delighted【原句回放】 We’ re delighted you ’ reocomingworkwith us. 你来与我们一同工作，我们很快乐。

【点拨】 delighted adj. 感觉惊喜的，感觉快乐的，用于表示人的心里感觉。

常用搭配：be delighted to do sth. 快乐做某事be delighted at/ by 因 ......而快乐be delighted that 因 ......而快乐She was delighted to hear the twitter of the birds somewhere near her window.她很快乐地听着窗外鸟儿的鸣喊声。

The mother was delighted at the recovery of her baby.那位母亲由于她的婴儿恢复了健康而特别快乐。

We’ re delighted that you be here ’soonll. 你不久就来这里了，我们真快乐。

【拓展】delight vt. 使（某人）快乐，使（某人）惊喜n.快乐，快乐，令人快乐的人或事。

delightful adj. 令人欢乐的常用短语：take delight in (doing) sth.喜爱，以......为乐to one’ s delight令人快乐的是with/ in delight快乐地He delighted the audience with his humourous words.他风趣的语言让观众们很快乐。

Unit 4 Making the news重点单词详解occupation n. 职业；占有【帮你记忆】 occupy（ v. 占领）去y+-ation（名词后缀，表示"动作；状态；结果"）【经典例句】 He is a lawyer by occupation.他的职业是律师。

【考点剖析】 1）辨析occupation和job, work, profession：occupation 意为"职业"，是较为正式的用语；job 作"职业"讲时，是可数名词，可指一个单独的任务，也可指工作职位，较口语化；work"工作"，不可数名词，较口语化；profession意为"专业"，一般指受过特殊训练和良好教育的职业。

2)其动词形式occupy的固定搭配：occupy oneself (in/with) 忙着，如：He occupied himself (in)writing a mystery story.他忙着撰写一篇侦探小说。

reporter n. 记者；新闻通讯员【帮你记忆】 report（报告）+-er（人）【经典例句】 All the reporters rushed to the scene of the accident.所有的人急着都赶到出事现场。

【考点剖析】辨析reporter和journalist：reporter专指替报纸、杂志广播电视收集消息及撰写报道的人。

journalist泛指新闻从业人员。

photograph n. &v. 照片；给......照相【帮你记忆】 photo（照片）+-graph（记录的方式或工具）【经典例句】 We photographed the school team.我们给校队照了个相。

【考点剖析】 photograph经常略写为：photo；其复数形式：photos。

Unit 4Making the newsⅠ.单词语境记忆1．to submit questions in advance 提前提交问题2．be eager for knowledge 渴求知识3．an amateur photographer 一位摄影业余爱好者4．to update the work schedule 更新工作日程5．a hopeless case山穷水尽的情况6．accuse him of breaking promises 指责他违背诺言7．a skeptical attitude 怀疑的态度8．be in a dilemma陷入窘境9．technical problems 技术上的问题10．be senior to sb 比某人年长11．polish up the article 润色这篇文章Ⅱ.词性转换与派生记忆1．process v t.加工；处理→n.过程；程序；步骤2．concentrate v i.& v t.集中；聚集→concentration n．专心；集中3．photograph n．照片v t.给……照相→photographer n．摄影师→photography n．摄影4．delighted adj.快乐的；欣喜的→delight n．快乐；高兴；喜悦v t.使高兴；使欣喜5．admirable adj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的→admire v t.钦佩；羡慕→admiration n．欣赏，喜欢6．unusual adj.不同寻常的；独特的→usual adj.寻常的7．accurate adj.精确的；正确的→accurately ad v.精确地；准确地→accuracyn．精确度；准确性8．approve v t.赞成；认可；批准→approval n．赞成；同意；批准；通过→disapproval n．不赞成；反对9．appointment n．约会；任命→appoint v t.约定；任命10．assess v t.评估；评定→assessment n．评定；估定11．assist v t.帮助；协助；援助→assistance n．帮助；协助→assistant n．助手；助理；售货员12．profession n．职业；专业→professional adj.专业的；职业的n．专业人员13．guilty adj.犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的→guilt n．内疚；犯罪；有罪14．acquire v t.获得；取得；学到→acquirement n．取得，习得15．gift n．天赋；礼物→gifted adj.有天赋的16．inform v t.告知；通知→information n．信息Ⅲ.单词趣味串记1．The chief chef is busy cooking for the chief from an African country.主厨忙于为来自于一个非洲国家的首领烹饪。

Unit 4Making the news 【基本单词】1. delighted adj. 快乐的; 欣喜的2. submit vt. 递交; 呈递(文件等)3. eager adj. 渴望的; 热切的4. concentrate v. 集中; 聚集5. update vt. 更新; 使现代化6.acquire v. 获得; 取得; 学到7. meanwhile adv. 其间; 同时8.accuse vt. 指责; 谴责; 控告9.guilty adj. 犯罪的; 有罪的; 内疚的10. demand n. 需求; 要求vt. 强烈要求11. publish vt. 出版; 发行; 发表; 公布12.thorough adj. 彻底的; 详尽的13.accurate adj. 精确的; 正确的14.polish vt. 擦亮; 磨光; 润色15. process vt. 加工; 处理n. 过程; 程序; 步骤【派生单词】16. assist vt. 帮助; 协助; 援助assistance n. 帮助; 援助assistant n. 助手; 助理; 售货员17. assess vt. 评估; 评定Assessment n. 评定; 评价18. inform vt. 告知; 通知information n. 信息; 消息19.senior adj. 年长的; 高年级的; 高级的(反义词)junior adj. 青年的; 低下的20. approve vt. 赞成; 认可; 批准approval n. 批准; 认可【短语】1. 集中; 全神贯注于concentrate on2. 依靠; 依赖depend on3. 因……指责或控告……accuse …of4. 为了(做)……so as to (do sth.)5. 在……前面ahead of6. 对……有敏感的嗅觉have a good nose for7. 通知某人某事inform sb. of sth.8. 记在心里keep in mind9. 完全误解; 弄错get the wrong end of the stick10. 最后last of all【句式】1. Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. 周阳永远不会忘记他在一家畅销英文报纸的第一项工作任务。

半期考资料1 高二英语必修5 王宝辉Book 5 Unit 1 Great ScientistsPart 1 课文知识点归纳1. put forward 提出put off 推迟put up with 忍受2. attend to 照顾, 护理3. cure sb. of sth 治愈某人某种疾病a cure for…治疗…法(药)4. challenge sb. to do sth. 向某人挑战做…challenge sb. to sth. 就某事向某人挑战5. be absorbed in 全神贯注于= concentrate on6. suspect sb. of sth 怀疑某人做某事suspect that…7. blame sb. for sth. 为某事责怪某人blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人8. link sth to把…与…连接起来, 使…有联系9. instruct sb to do sth 命令某人做某事instruct sb in sth 在某方面教导某人10. be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求be strict in sth. 对某事严格要求11. lead to 造成, 导致, 通向12. make sense 讲得通, 有意义make sense of 了解…的意义, 理解13. put sth. in order 按…顺序来整理14. draw a conclusion 得出结论15. of one’s day 在某人的那个时期16. expose… to 使显露, 暴露17. apart from 除…之外18. be cautious about / of …对…小心谨慎with caution 小心谨慎19. be severe with sb. 对…严厉20. lift up 举起21. look into 调查22. be determined to do sth 决心/ 决定做某事23. make investigations 进行调查24. take in 吸收, 欺骗25. come to an end 结束26. punish sb for sth. 因某事惩罚某人27. at times 时而, 不时28. be for / against 支持/ 反对29. a link between…and…与…间的联系/关联30. point of view 观点31. hold discussions 进行讨论32. to one’s surprise 使某人感到惊奇的是33. believe in 信任, 信仰, 相信34. prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事35. in one’s honor / in honor of sb.为了纪念某人句型: 1. It seemed that the water was to blame. be to blame 受责罚(主动形式表被动)2. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so muchthat she had it delivered to her house every day.have sth done 请某人来做某事/ 遭遇,经历,体验3. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all watersupplies be examined.suggest 意为”建议”时, 宾语从句谓语动词应使用虚拟.4. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.suggest 意为”认为, 指出, 提出, 暗示”时, 宾语从句谓语动词则使用陈述语气5. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.Only + 状语/ 状语从句位于句首, 主句需用倒装If only “如果…就好了”, 后接虚拟条件句.[选词填空](1) I wake up _______________ the alarm clock rings(2) _______________ John were here with us!(3) _______________ I get a job can I have enough money to continue my studies at college.6. He placed a fix sun at the center of the solar system with the planets going round it and onlythe moon still going round the earth.with 的复合结构(with + 宾语+ 宾补)Book 5 Unit 2 The United KingdomPart 1 课文知识点归纳1. consist of = be made up of 由…组成make up 组成, 编造, 化妆2. get all five questions right五个问题全答对了3. divide… into…把…分成separate…from 把…分离, 分开4. refer to 提到,涉及,参考,指的是5. without conflict 没有纷争6. in the early / middle / late twentieth century在二十世纪早期/ 中叶/ 后期7. break away (from) 脱离8. to one’s credit 为…带来荣誉, 值得赞扬9. for convenience 为了方便起见10. in the 1060s 在十一世纪六十年代11. find evidence of 找到…的证据12. keep your eyes open 睁大眼睛13. make your trip enjoyable and worthwhile使得你的旅程有趣又值得14. leave out 省去, 遗漏, 不考虑15. take the place of = take one’s place 取代…16. break down 机器损坏, 破坏17. be unwilling to do…不乐意做…18. sb. be familiar with sth. 某人对…熟悉sth. be familiar to sb. 某物对…是熟悉的19. a furnished house with all modern conveniences一套有各种现代设施的配有家具的房子20. be alike in…在…方面类似21. pick up 拾起, 养成…习惯, 学到22. wear the four-hundred-year-old uniform穿着一件有四百年历史的制服23. in memory of…为了纪念…24. just as…正当…的时候25. have a photo taken (have sth. done) 拍照26. on show 被展出27. feel / be proud of 为…感到骄傲28. leave …for…离开…前往…29. fall asleep 睡着30. have problems in doing…做某事遇到麻烦31. at one time 曾经32. break down 打破, 分解33. be delighted with 对…感到高兴34. take place 发生,举行35. at this / that time 在此时/ 在那时36. at war (with) 处于交战状态37. be friendly to 对…友好38. change one’s mind 改变主意39. be disappointed at 对…感到失望40. come close to 接近41. took flight (take flight 703) 逃跑, 飞翔(乘坐703次航班)42. start the fire 点火, 放火43. make into 把…职称, 使…转变为句型: 1. How long does it take to fly from Beijing to London Heathrow Airport?it takes sb. sometime to do sth. 花了某人多少时间做某事2. These cities are not as large as those in China.A 是B的三倍长: 1) ______________________________________2) ______________________________________3) ______________________________________3. It’s a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.built in the nineteenth century 过去分词短语作后置定语修饰citiesIt’s a pity that…“遗憾的是…”常使用陈述语气; 若是跟虚拟语气, 常表示“竟然, 居然”等强烈的感情色彩.[句型翻译]他错过了这次机会, 真是可惜_________________________________________________真可惜, 他竟然错过了这样好的一个机会._________________________________________________4. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted tosee in London.Worried about the time available 过去分词短语作原因状语5. This solid, square tower had remained standing for one thousand years.remained standing 仍旧矗立着, remain 是一个系动词, 表示”一直保持着某种状态”remain还可以作不及物动词, 意为”剩下, 留下”6. There followed St. Paul’s Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666.There followed…接下来的是7. It seemed strange that the man who has developed communism should have lived and diedin London.It’s strange / natural / important / necessary that + (should do) …Book 5 Unit 3 Life in the futurePart 1 课文知识点归纳1. make a deep / strong impression on sb.给某人留下深刻印象impress sb with sth = impress sth on sb 使某人记住某事2. take up 拿起,占用,接受,开始,从事,选修speed up 加速sweep up 打扫,横扫,掠过3. remind sb of sth使某人回想起某事/提醒某人某事remind sb to do sth 提醒某人去做某事remind sb that 提醒某人4. as a result 结果5. suffer from 遭受,患…病6. be similar to 和…相似7. feel sleepy 感到困倦8. fall fast asleep 睡得很香9. the / a lack of 缺乏…for lack of…由于…的缺乏be lacking in 缺乏(品质/特点)lack for…(否定句) 缺乏…10. in no time / in an instant 很快,立即11. be back on one’s feet (从病痛/挫折中)复原12. in all directions 四面八方13. ab. lose / catch sight of…看不见/看见sb / sth be in / out of sight 看得见/看不见at first sight 第一眼at the sight of 一看见…就…14. provide A with B 向A提供B15. lie relaxed 放松16. be previous to…早于17. have little oxygen left 剩下很少的氧气have twenty minutes left 剩下二十分钟18. for health reasons 处于健康原因19. bend the rules 变通,放宽20. on earth 究竟,到底21. be under repair在维修中22. make adjustments to 调节,适应23. fasten the safety belt 从…系紧安全带24. from under the floor 从…下25. stay long 停留,逗留26. in space 在太空27. the up-to-date invention 最新的发明28. environment friendly 环保29. dispose of 处理,解决30. be greedy for / to do sth. 渴望,贪婪31. programme robots 为机器人设计程序32. perform tasks 完成工作33. space settlements 太空定居点34. have the chance of 有…的机会35. be described as 被描述为…36. be equipped with 配备有…37. without permission 未经允许38. feed into 输入进…39. top-of-the-range 最高标准的, 顶级的40 slide into 溜进,滑进句型: 1. Below are some of the main aspects of life today.2. My new surroundings are difficult to tolerate.3. The air seemed thin as though its combination of gases had little oxygen leftas though引导方式状语从句[句型翻译] 她看起来似乎会把这件事告诉所有人___________________________________________________似乎你是对的___________________________________________________4. I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market…when 引导时间状语从句中又包含一个what引起的宾语从句.即:what looked like a large market 作reach的宾语5. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.exhausted过去分词在句中作状语, 相当于As I was exhausted.6. This is similar to the “Jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period.并列分句中包含有句型: It seems (that)…意为”似乎…, 看来…”Book 5 Unit 4 Making the newsPart 1 课文知识点归纳1. be delighted at / with sth. 对某事感到高兴be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事be delighted + that从句2. go out on a story 外出采访3. cover a story 进行新闻采访4. be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事be eager for sth 渴望某事5. assist (sb.) in / with sth帮助/救援/协助某人做某事assist (sb.) in doing sthassist (sb.) to do sth6. concentrate on 集中,全神贯注于7. have a good nose for 嗅觉灵敏, 善于8. inform sb of sth 告知某人某事9. keep sth in mind 记住10. depend on 依赖,取决于11. get sth. straight 搞清楚,弄明白12. accuse sb of sth 因某事而指责或控告某人13. so as to do sth. 为了做某事14. stop sb. (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事15. look forward to (doing) sth 期待某事16. by accident意外地17. get / be adsorbed in 专心于…18. defend sb. against…保卫某人免受19. by the name of…名叫20. set to + n.着手,开始做某事set out to do sth. 开始, 着手做某事set about doing sth.21. pass sth on to sb. 把某人递给某人22. last of all 最终23. make an appointment 约会make appointments24. be supposed to 应当,认为必须25. approve of sb. sth 赞成,称许,批准26. a trick of the trade 诀窍,窍门play a trick (tricks) on sb. 捉弄,戏弄某人27. take notes 记录,记下28. ahead of 在…前面,先于…句型: 1. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspapernever为表示否定含义的副词放在句首引起倒装.2. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took am amateur course at university toupdate my skills.not only…but also…引导的倒装句. not only放在句首,后接句子, 用倒装结构3. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.Only + 状语(单词/短语/从句)放句首,引起倒装. (若only + 状从, 主句谓语动词倒装)[句型翻译]只有你才可以到处走动_________________________________________________只有每个人都尽力而为, 我们的城市才会变得更美._________________________________________________4. Here comes my list of dogs and don’ts.here, there, now, then等副词放在句首用倒装句(完全倒装)5. Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong endof the stick?当先行词为case, stage, situation, point时, 多用where引导定语从句Book 5 Unit 5 First aidPart 1 课文知识点归纳1. fall in 生病2. get injured / burned / infected受伤/ 烧伤/ 受感染3. do / give / offer first aid to sb.对某人实施急救4. if possible 有可能的话5. be taken from 从...节选6. act as 充当，担任7. a barrier against... 抵御...的一道屏障8. prevent...from doing sth 阻止...做某事9. sense of touch 触觉10. a variety of 各种各样的11. depend on... 取决于12. within a day or two 在一两天内13. for a moment 片刻14. electric shock 触电15. turn white 变白16. squeeze out 榨出；挤出17. over and over again 多次18. in place 在适当的位置19. sit up 做起来；迟睡熬夜20. knock over 撞到；打翻21. cut off 切掉；使隔绝22. a number of 许多23. stick to 坚持；黏在...上24. apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请...apply to sth 适用于apply oneself to 专心从事...25. make a difference 产生区别，有影响26. protect...against... 保护...免受...27. in case 如果；万一；以免28. after use 使用后29. out of the reach of sb. / out of one's reach某人够不着的地方30. leave sb. alone 让某人独自呆着；不打扰31. cause a damage to 对...造成损害32. set...fire on 放火烧33. in good condition 状况良好句型: 1. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the born.◇unless引导条件状语从句，意思是“除非...；如果不”，相当于if not2. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.when在句中是并列连词，意思是“正在这时/那时”，◇常见句型: be doing...when...，正在做...这时...；had done...when...刚做完...这时...；be about to do...when...就要...这时...；be on the point of doing...when...正要做...这时...[句型翻译]正当我在街上乱逛之时, 我看见了一位老朋友.________________________________________________我正准备去游泳, 突然我们的向导看见了我并大声叫我.________________________________________________3. There is no doubt that John's quick thingking and the first aid skills he learned at schoolsaved Ms. Slades's life.◇There is no doubt...(= No doubt that…) 毫无疑问...[句型翻译]毫无疑问, 我们将很快实施这个计划.________________________________________________4. It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms. Slade's life.◇本句为强调句型。

高中英语教师辅导讲义keep sb. informed (of ...) 使某人随时了解(……)(2)information n．[U] 通知；消息；情报；信息①It was considerate of Michael to inform us his delay in case we got worried.②The boss asked his secretary to keep him well (inform) of the programme's progress.③Please inform us we could rent a house — not too expensive but convenient.单句改错④Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)3．case n．情况；病例；案例in case +句子假使；以防万一in case of +n/短语假如发生；万一发生in any case 无论如何in no case 决不（位于句首时，需部分倒装）in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话as is often the case 这是常有的事句型转换①Anybody should in no case be allowed to stay here.(改为倒装句)→In no case to stay here.②It is often the case that he is ready to help others. (改为定语从句)→, he is ready to help others.一句多译以防下雪，你最好别出去。

④You'd better not go out the snow.⑤You'd better not go out it snows.4．demand n．要求；需求v t.强烈要求(1)be in (great) demand(迫切)需求meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求(2)demand sth. of/from sb. 向某人要求某物demand of sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事demand that ... (should) do sth. 要求……(3)demanding adj. 高要求的；要求严格的①The robots are quite popular; they are great demand in this city.②The manager promised that they would try to meet their customers' (demand)．③Get the technology that has proven to help the most (demand) customers. (2015·北京高考)一句多译这位老师要求学生们准时到校。