专四非谓语动词题

专四语法考点-非谓语动词专四语法考点：非谓语动词考点1：不定式专四题中对于不定式用法的考察比较少，特别是近些年的考题几乎已经不考了。

以前的考点基本集中在：(1)考察哪些动词接不定式；(2)考察哪些短语接不带to的不定式；1) can’t help/choose but do不得不,只能,不禁2) why not do sth1. ________him tomorrow?2001A. Why not to call onB. Why don’t call onC. Why not calling onD. Why not call on3) would do rather than do1.She said she would work it out herself,________ ask me for help.1993A.and not toB.but notC.and prefer notD.rather than(3)考察短语"be believed/said to do sth"的用法；1. The Minister of Finance is believed ________ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.2004A. that he is thinkingB. to be thinkingC. that he is to thinkD. to think2. AIDS is said________the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in the region.2002A. beingB. to beC. to have beenD. having been3. Professor Johnson is said ________some significant advance in his research in the past year. 1999A. having madeB. makingC. to have madeD. to make(4)考察动词不定时的时态和语态：进行式to be doing,完成式to have done;一般式被动语态to be done;完成式被动语态to have been done。

非谓语动词也称为动词的非限定形式，不可以在句中单独做谓语，也不受主语的人称和数的限制。

非谓语动词具有双重性质，既有动词的特点（有时态、语态的变化，能被状语修饰，也有自己的宾语），又有非动词的特点（可以代替名词或形容词）。

非谓语动词涉及不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词，前者表积极或进行，后者表被动或完毕)三种。

它们可以在句中充当除谓语以外的其它各种成分。

非谓语动词作主语１）不定式和动名词可以在句中充当主语，但分词却不可以。

不定式一般表达具体或一次性动作，而动名词则表达一般或抽象的多次动作e.g. is not a serious disadvantage in life. (2023, 51)A. To be not tallB. Not to be tallC. Being not allD. Not being tall[分析] 句意为：个子不高在生活中不是一个大的缺陷。

非谓语动词在句中主语。

非谓语动词的否认式，要直接在非谓语动词前加not，因此，排除掉A和Ｃ。

动名词和不定期都可以作句子主语，但动名词表达一贯性动作，不定式表达具体的一次性动作。

个子不高是一贯的实行，应当用动名词，所以Ｄ对的。

２）不定式和动名词都可以用it 来代替作形式主语，但在具有no, -less等否认词的句子里，常用动名词作主语。

如：It is useless talking with her. 和她谈话是没有用的。

It is no good discussing with her. 和她讨论是没有益处的。

3）假如主语和表语都是非谓语动词，两者应保持同样的形式，或同为不定式，或同为动名词。

如：To see is to believe. 眼见为实。

Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

4）不定式的逻辑主语一般由介词for引导，但表达人的性格行为特性的形容词作表语时，不定式的逻辑主语则由of引导，这样的形容词有：absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind, thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel, selfish, lazy, wicked。

Gerund 动名词，非谓语动词英语中，不作句子的谓语，而是用于担任其它语法功能的v ，叫非谓语动词，它不受主语人称、数等因素的限定，又被称作非限定动词。

三大非谓语动词：动名词，分词和不定式。

动名词的语法功能1. 作主语Seeing is believing.Listening to music is one of my hobbies.Studying abroad has many advantages.Getting to know the world is what the future society requires of us.习惯用法A. It is no use / good/harm+Ving. It is no use quarreling with her. It's no use crying over thespilt milk.B. There is no+Ving. There is no denying (the fact) that women are playing an important role inthe world today.There is no joking about this matter. 这事开不得玩笑。

2. 作表语My favorite pastime is collecting stamps.Her hobby is swimming and cycling.One of the good virtues of a young person is being punctual.My job is teaching.One of the most difficult tasks you may encounter is learning a foreign language.3. 作动词宾语She enjoys listening to rock music.We appreciate your offering to help.We must avoid making such mistakes again.People who like travelling have their reasons.跟动名词作宾语的v.及v. phrase常见的能跟动名词作宾语的v.及v. phrase:admit, appreciate, avoid, confess to, consider, delay, deny, endure(忍耐), enjoy, escape,excuse, fancy(想象), finish, forbid, imagine, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice,risk, can't help, feel like, give up, keep out, object to (反对), oppose, put off(推迟).注意：动名词作宾语后面带有补语，一般不用形式宾语it。

（完整版）专四历年非谓语动词汇总情况 英语专业四级历年语法试题 非谓语动词部分 1. The compositions contained so few errors that the teacher got the students ____ one another ' s papers. 仃EM4-1992-58) B A. correct B. to correct C. correcting D. to be correct ing 2. I don ' t like ______ bills but when I do get them I like ____ them promptly. (TEM4-1992-60) B A. to get, pay ing B. gett ing, to pay C. to get, to pay D. gett ing, pay ing I never regretted _________ h is offer, for it was not where my in terest lay.仃EM4-1993-53) D A. not to accept B. not having accepted C. hav ing not accepted D. not accept ing Regret to do sth. 表示遗憾要做某事；Regret doi ng sth. 表示遗憾做过某事。 4. Arriving at the bus stop, ________________ waiting there. (TEM4-1994-52) B A. a lot of people were B. he found a lot of people regular trai ning in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first. (TEM4-1994-55) D received (TEM4-1994-57) C C. a lot of people D. people were found 5. A. Not received B. Since receivi ng C. Having received D. Not having 6. The country ' s chief exports are coal, cars and cott on goods, cars the most importa nt of these. A. have bee n B. are C. being D. are being 7. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder out and three men climbi ng dow n it. (TEM4-1995-52) B A. throw ing B. being thrown C. having thrown D. hav ing bee n throw n 8. He rese nted to wait. He expected the mi nister him at o nee. (TEM4-1995-53) B A. to be asked, to see B. being asked, to see C. to be asked, see ing D. being asked, seeing Rese nt doi ng sth. 怨恨讨厌做某事。 9. This missile is designed so that once __________ nothing can be do ne to retrieve it.仃 EM4-1995-63) A A. fired B. being fired C. they fired D. hav ing fired 10. ____ t ime, he ' II make a first-class tennis player. (TEM4-1996-42) B A. Havi ng B. Give n C. Givi ng D. Had 11. He wasn ' t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ______ insufficiently popular with all members. (TEM4-1996-45) D A. hav ing con sidered B. being beate n D. to be beate n 13. no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room.仃 EM4-1996-51) D A. There was B. Si nee C. Bei ng D. There being 14. ____ , he can now only watch it on TV at home. 12. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid C. was being considered D. being considered B. was con sidered (TEM4-1996-48) B A. from being beate n C. beati ng (TEM4-1998-45) C A. Obtaining not a ticket for the match B. Not obtaining a ticket for the match C. Not having obtained a ticket for the match D. Not obtained a ticket for the match 15. The Clarks haven ' t decided yet which hotel ________ (TEM4-1998-49) C A. to stay B. is to stay is for stay ing 16. ___ eno ugh time and mon ey, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field. (TEM4-1998-51) C A. Givi ng B. To give C. Give n D.Bei ng give n 17. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country ______ by the police advanee in his research in the past years. (TEM4-1999-43) C. to stay at D. each time. (TEM4-1999-42) A. had bee n captured captured C. only to be captured captured 18. Professor Johnson is C B. being always D. unfortun ately said ______ some significant C A. hav ing made B. mak ing C. to have made D.to make 19. There _____ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. (TEM4-2000-45) C A. to be B. to have bee n C. being D. be 20. ____ at in this way, the present economic situation does n't seem so gloomy. (TEM4-2000-51) B A. Look ing B. Looked C. Having looked D. To look 21. Eve n as a girl, ____ to be her life, and theater audie nces were to be her teachers. (TEM4-2001-42) D A. performi ng by Melissa were I B. it was known that Melissa s performa nces were I C. knowing that Melissa s performa nces were D. Melissa knew that performi ng was 22. ____ him tomorrow? (TEM4-2001-43) D A. Why not to call o n B. Why don't call o n C. Why not to calli ng on D. Why n ot call on 23. _____ is not a serious disadva ntage in life. (TEM4-2001 -51) D

非谓语动词用法专项练习用括号中所给词的正确形式燥交：1 ・ He told me something about the festivals ________ (celebrate) in other parts of the world.【解析】celebrated句意：他告诉了我一些世界上苴他地方庆祝石日的情况.festivals与动词celebrate 是被动关系，故填过去分词，作能语。

2.The old man has a large collection of records __________ (date) back to the 1950s.【解析】dating句意：这位老人有很多可追溯到20世纪50年代的唱片。

date back to “追溯到”，是不及物动词，此处用现在分词作records的定语。

3._______ (know) he was admitted to a key university, he jumped up and down and cheered.【解析】Knowing句意：知道被一所重点大学录取，他上蹿下跳地欢呼起来。

know与句子主语he是主动关系，故用现在分词，作原因状语。

4.The comments concerning the stock market bothered him greatly, __________ (make) him not fall asleep all night. 【解析】making句意：股票市场的评论让他很烦恼，使得他彻夜难眠。

现在分词作结果状语，表示顺英自然的事情。

5.When I passed this afternoon, I saw a little boy lying on the grass, his hands _____________ (cross) under his head. 【解析】crossed句意：今天下午路过时，我看见一个男孩躺在草地上，双手交叉放在头下。

四级非谓语动词专题练习 固定搭配 Why not/ Why don’t you +do (动词原形) What about doing… How about doing… …had better do…. …would like to do… …feel like doing… 例：What about having a rest? Why not have a rest? You’d better have a rest. Would you like to have a rest? I feel like having a rest. 考题： 1. You had better _____________ when the traffic light turns red. A. stop B. stops C. stopping D. stopped 2. . Why not _____________ us? A. to joining B. joining C. to join D. join 3. You’d better __________your secrets to others. A. not to tell B. not telling C. not tell D. don’t tell 4. Why not _________out for a walk? A. going B. to go C. go D. to going 5. Would you like ___________a rest? A. to have B. had C. have D. having 6. You’d better _________the street when the red light is on. A. not to walk across B. not walking across C. to not walk across D. not walk across 7. I have a bad cold. I don’t feel like_____________ anything. A. to eat B. eating C. eat 8. How about __________ tomorrow morning? A. go swimming B. going swimming C. to go swimming

专四语法专题（非谓语动词）⏹非谓语动词也称动词的非限定形式，它们不可以在句中单独作谓语，也不受主语的人称和数的限制。

非谓语动词具有双重性质，既有动词的特点：有时态，语态的变化，能被状语修饰，也有自己的宾语；又有非动词的特点：可以代替名词或形容词。

非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词三种。

它们可以在句中充当除谓语以外的其他各种成分，即主语、表语、宾语、补语、定语和状语。

⏹1、非谓语动词作主语⏹（1）不定式和动名词可以在句中充当主语，但分词却不可以。

不定式一般表示具体或一次性动作，而动名词则表示一般或抽象的多次动作。

⏹_____ is not a serious disadvantage in life. ( 2001, 51)A. To be not tallB. Not to be tallC. Being not tallD. Not being tall⏹[D]【详解】非谓语动词在句中作了主语。

非谓语动词的否定式，要直接在非谓语动词前加not，因此可以直接排除[A]和[C]。

动名词和不定式都可以作句子主语，但动名词表示一贯性动作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。

个子不高是一贯的事实，应用动名词形式，所以[D]正确。

⏹(2) 不定式和动名词都可以用it来代替作形式主语，但在含有no，-less等否定词的句子里，常用动名词作主语。

如：⏹It is useless talking with her.⏹It is no good discussing with her.⏹(3) 如果主语和表语都是非谓语动词，两者应保持同样的形式，或同为不定式，或同为动名词。

如：⏹To see is to believe. 眼见为实。

⏹Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

(4) 不定式的逻辑主语一般由介词for引导,但下列表示人的性格行为特征的形容词做表语时, 不定式的逻辑主语则由of引导：absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind, thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel, selfish, lazy, wicked, wrong。

非谓语动词专项练习41.____from this point of view, the question will be of great importance.A ConsideringB Being consideredC ConsideredD Having considered2. The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed ____ the river.A to have discoveredB to have been discoveredC to discoverD having been discovered3. Have you checked all the goods ____ to the farmers in Shanxi Province next week?A sentB being sentC sendingD to be sent4. It was ____ the 2007 Asian Cup that cost Floyd so much time that he should have spent on his experiment.A to have watchedB watchingC watchedD having watched5. —We didn’t find the Blacks attending the lecture.—No one had told them about ____ a lecture.A there to beB there beingC there beD there was6. He hurried to the station only ____ that the train had left.A to findB findingC foundD to have found7. When ____ help, one often says “ Thank you.” or “ It’s kind of you.”A offeringB to offerC to be offeredD offered8. ____ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.A DressedB To dressC DressingD Having dressed9 —Is Bob still performing?—I’m afraid not. He is said ____ the stage already as he has become an official.A to have leftB to leaveC to have been leftD to be left10. There are hundreds of visitors ____ in front of the Art Gallery to havea look at Van Gogh’s paintings.A waitedB to waitC waitingD wait11. We get more shade with all these trees ____ tall.A growingB grownC grewD to grow12. Although ____ for the first time, the works of the young composer were fully appreciated.A performedB performingC to be performedD being perfomed13. The CDs, ____ in that famous studio, sold very well in big cities like Shanghai.A recordedB recordingC to be recordedD having recorded14. Helen had shout ____ above the sound of the music.A making herself hearB to make herself hearC making herself heardD to make herself heard15. Mr. Zhao usually works in his room with the door and windows ____A closedB closingC closeD to be closed16._____ the employees’working efficiency the supervisor will allow them to have a coffee break.A ImprovingB To improveC Having improvedD Improved17. In the dream Peter saw himself _____ by a fierce wolf, and he woke suddenly with a start.A chasedB to be chasedC be chasedD having been chased18. China has promised to revised to revise its existing regulations and ____ new policies according to WTO requirements.A formingB to formC to be formingD have formed19. Some of the experiments ____ in the book are easy to perform.A being describedB to be describedC to describeD described20. During the past five years, he has worked for the General Motors, ____ as GM.A knowingB knownC being knownD to be known参考答案：1—5 CADBB 6—10 ADAAC11—15 AAADA 16—20BABDB。

非谓语动词专项练习41.____from this point of view，the question will be of greatimportance。

A ConsideringB Being consideredC ConsideredD Having considered2。

The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed ____ the river。

A to have discoveredB to have been discoveredC to discoverD having been discovered3。

Have you checked all the goods ____ to the farmers in Shanxi Province next week？A sentB being sentC sendingD to be sent4. It was ____ the 2007 Asian Cup that cost Floyd so much time that he should have spent on his experiment.A to have watchedB watchingC watchedD having watched5. —We didn’t find the Blacks attending the lecture。

—No one had told them about ____ a lecture。

A there to beB there beingC there beD there was6。

He hurried to the station only ____ that the train had left.A to findB findingC foundD to have found7。

非谓语动词幻灯片2A. 类型B.功能1.不定式→主语、表语、宾语、补语、定语、状语2.分词→表语、定语、状语和补语3.动名词→主语、表语、定语和宾语幻灯片3基本特点：☆做很多句子成分，但就是不能单独做谓语，这也是它们被称为"非谓语动词"的原因。

☆它们具有各种形态：原形、主动态、被动态、进行态和完成态。

☆不受主语的人称和数的限制。

幻灯片4不定式幻灯片52.1 作宾语只能加+ to doaim, agree, arrange, ask, afford, apply, attempt, beg,claim, choose, dare, decide, demand, desire, determine,elect, endeavor, bother, care, fail, decline, guarantee,happen, hesitate, hope, hurry, long, manage, offer, pretend,plan, plot, premise, presume, proceed, refuse, request,resolve, seek, strive, tend, threaten, undertake, etc.幻灯片6不定式的时态主动形式被动形式一般式to do to be done完成式to have done to have been done进行式to be doing完成进行式to have been doing●不定式的一般式●不定式的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词的动作是同时发生的或是在其后发生的。

例如：● Thousands of young people are learning to ski． (同时)● Where can we get some sickles to cut the rice with?我们到哪儿去弄些镰刀割稻’呢?幻灯片8●The Minister of Finance is believed _____of imposing new taxes to raise extrarevenue. (2004--48)● A. that he is thinking B. to be thinking● C. that he is to think D. to think●●答案：B●试题分析：本题考查的是非谓语动词的用法。