【VIP专享】2013年英语专四词汇语法模拟练习及答案解析

英语专四考试语法词汇模拟练习题及答案英语专四考试语法词汇模拟练习题及答案加紧学习，抓住中心，宁精勿杂，宁专勿多。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语专四考试语法词汇模拟练习题及答案，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!1. That fellow is clever;he has .A. brainB. a brainC. the brainD. brains2. I beg tomorrow‘s meeting.A. to be excused to attendB. to be excused from attendC. to be excused from attendingD. to excuse from attending3. Most restaurants are closed during the Spring Festival. we had better eat at home.A. After allB. Once and for allC. All in allD. That is all4. I am sure Mary has been here and .A. did what required herB. has done what required herC. has done what was，required of herD. did what has been required of her5. as much as one-fourth of all timber harvested is not used.A. The estimateB. The estimate thatC. They are estimatedD. It is estimated that6. Commercial banks make most of their income from‘interest on loans and investment in stocks and bonds.A. earnB. earnedC. to earnD. earning7. As the sky grew darker，it became obvious to us that the boys to finish the game quickly if they wanted to avoid the storm.A. haveB. would haveC. ought to haveD. having8. Little Marie did not go to the party. I understand that she was unhappy .A. so she could not goB. that she could not goC. yet she would not be able to goD. that was not able to go9. Home economists recommend in large quantities.A. to buy basical food itemsB. buying basic items of the foodC. buying basic food itemsD. to buy basic food items10. Wood furniture does not depreciated in value properly handled and protected.A. ifB. hasC. andD. that11. In the last ten years，there have been many changes in family life. Are these changes?A. for better or for worseB. for the better or for the worseC. for the best or for the worstD. for the good or for the bad12. An Olympic marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards，approximately from Marathon to Athens.A. the distance isB. that the distance isC. is that the distanceD. the distance13. Peter was the football with him but he had forgotten.A. to bringB. to be bringingC. to have broughtD. to have been brought14. Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when alone.A. seenB. is seenC. to be seenD. having been seen15. We left the meeting，there obviously no point in staying.A. wereB. beingC. to beD. having参考答案：BCCCD BBBCA ADCAB。

2013年英语专业四级语法考试题和答案(3）1.There was a large crowd of demonstrators ____ against the war.A）protectingB）preservingC)protestingD）prosecuting2。

I'm afraid I will have to ____her invitation to the party。

A）refuseB)refuteC）ignoreD)decline3。

The coat I bought yesterday is not expensive at all。

As a matter of fact， I would gladly have paid ____ for it.A）as much twiceB）much as twiceC）as twice muchD）twice as much4.He can’t start the car because the battery has ____.A)run upB)run downC)run overD）run off5。

Without facts， we cannot form a worthwhile opinion, for we need to have factual knowledge ____ our thinking.A)upon which to baseB)which to base uponC）which to be based onD)to base on which6.This design is ____ that one.A）more superior toB)far superior thanC）more superior thanD）far superior to7.I wondered what her ____ to the news would be.A）impressionB）reactionC)commentD）opinion8.S he shouldn’t have stood in a queue; she ____ her underground ticket from the machine.A)has gotB）must have gotC)could have gotD）got9。

2013英语专业四级真题语法、完型填空题及解析【完形填空原文】Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: Without it, it would not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us；nor the workers in government offices who look after our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves；nor the ministers and members of parliament(国会) who govern the country for us. By means of taxation, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat.But everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about how taxation should be arranged. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is preferred, should everything be taxed equally?In most countries, a direct tax on persons, which is called income tax, exists. It is arranged in such a way that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayer’s income grows. In England, for example, the tax on the richest people goes up as high as ninety-five percent!But countries with direct taxation nearly always have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties”. Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops who really have to pay the duties, in the form of higher prices. In some countries, too, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is collected, but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is got but the tax is fairer, as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement.【语法题真题及解析】51. Facing the board of directors,he didn'tdeny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD.its解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。

英语专业四级词汇与语法模拟练习全真模拟试题练习一试题答案与解析1. D) 【句意】虽然白色过去不受欢迎，但目前它是婚纱的首选颜色。

【难点】as是连词，引导让步状语从句时，往往使用半倒装形式。

又如：Beautiful as she is, she is foolish.2. C) 【句意】由于长时间无雨，田野变得十分干燥。

【难点】该句的前半部分是There be结构，完成式独立结构形式，这与时间状语for a long time相吻合。

3. A) 【句意】数百万次计算如果用手工操作，那么，到计算结束的时候，就将失去其全部实际意义。

【难点】这是一句虚拟语气的句子，条件句使用了省略if的倒装句形式，动作与过去事实相反。

4. B) 【句意】电视使我们能够在事情发生的那一瞬间就看到它们是如何发生的。

【难点】moment后接的是省略关系副词when的定语从句。

B)符合题意要求。

5. D) 【句意】最令我惊讶的是，这个在车祸中失去双臂的小男孩能够用脚使用钢笔。

【难点】这是一个what从句作主语的典型句子。

6. A) 【句意】虽然她很小的时候就写了很多短篇小说和诗歌，但她直到25岁才迎来第一次真正的成功。

【难点】这是一个练习not until结构的句子。

7. A) 【句意】你应该知道，不该把你小妹妹一个人留在家里。

【难点】to know better than to do sth.是一个常见的表示责备的句型，意为“应该知道不该做某事”。

8. C) 【句意】既然火车一个小时以后才开，我们不妨到快餐店吃口东西。

【难点】might as well后接动词原形，意为“不妨，何不”。

9. D) 【句意】当她没钱为孩子买吃的东西时，她开始偷。

【难点】resort to意为:求助于，其中to是介词，后接动名词。

10. A) 【句意】那个男孩承认在昨天踢足球的时候打破了窗子。

【难点】admit to中的to是介词，后接名词或动名词。

这是完型的原文自己找空吧Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a mode rn state . Without it, it would be impossible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; nor the workers in government offices who look after our health, our fo od supplies and our water, and who do all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves; nor also the persons who govern the country for us. By means of taxati on, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live a nd something to eat.Though everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different i deas about how taxation should be arrange d. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be a tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should eve ryone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is u sed, should everything be taxed equally?In most countries, a direct tax on persons, called an income tax , is used. It is arr ange d in such a wa y that the poor people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayer 's income grows.Countries with direct taxation nearly always have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country are taxed . Of course, it is the people who buy these im ported things who really have to pay the duties , in the form of higher prices. In s ome countries, there is also a tax on things produced in the country itself. If the m ost necessary things are taxed , a lot of money is collected,but the poor people s uffer the most. If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed , less mo ney is collected, but the tax is fair er because the rich pay it.Probably this kind of indirect taxation, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement .单选复制的某老师微博66. ______ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting解析：这题没啥好说的，适应学校生活adjust to school life，选C。

专业英语四级真题2013年PART Ⅰ DICTATION1、Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONIn Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.1、 According to the conversation, an example of "Christmas trimmings" could beA. presentsB. fruitsC. sauceD. meat2、 A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPTA. carrotsB. meatC. sweet potatoesD. roast turkey3、 Why did Helen come to Rob's house?A. She wanted to talk to RobB. She had come to help RobC. She had been invited to lunchD. She was interested in cooking4、 Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about itB. She was a new comer and felt lonelyC. She wanted to learn a new languageD. She was interested in social activities5、 We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organizes language activitiesB. accepts members from local studentsC. has been set up for a long timeD. is increasing its membership6、 According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. WednesdayB. TuesdayC. MondayD. Friday7、 What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her addressB. Mail the woman some informationC. Wait for the woman to call him againD. Wait for the woman to pick up a form8、 According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from intervieweesB. Embarrassing requests from intervieweesC. Lack of professional backgroundD. Lack of interviewing skills9、 The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPTA. prospectiveB. usefulC. importantD. tiring10、 We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairsB. prefers honest peopleC. often works on her ownD. is experienced in her workSECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.11、 According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Northern EuropeB. Southern EuropeC. Northwestern EuropeD. Scandinavian mountains12、 In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern EuropeB. Northern EuropeC. Northwestern EuropeD. Eastern Europe13、 In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Central parts of the MediterraneanB. Eastern parts of the MediterraneanC. Southern parts of the MediterraneanD. Northern parts of the Mediterranean14、 According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. More useful information to better their lifeB. Greater changes in social organizationC. Better understanding of mass mediaD. Closer contact with modem devices15、 The speaker questions about everybody's access to technological advances. The main reason isA. illiteracyB. food shortageC. povertyD. ignorance16、 According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TVB. providing more job opportunitiesC. offering internet service to more peopleD. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years17、 What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunicationsB. Technology and the developing worldC. Building an information societyD. Education and medical care18、 People in Latin America wear something ______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. yellowB. whiteC. redD. new19、 Which of the following New Year's traditions signals friendship?A. Eating round fruitsB. Wearing something redC. Wearing something whiteD. Throwing old dishes20、 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year's tradition?A. Watching TV at homeB. Visiting friendsC. Going to bed earlyD. Running and shouting outsideSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.21、 What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studiesB. 15 schools have used digital textbooksC. Digital textbooks are used for social studiesD. Students are ready to use electronic resources22、 With digital textbooks, schools have saved about ______ million dollarsA. 1B. 2C. 3D. 423、 Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. FBI agentsB. TSA agentsC. The policeD. Passengers24、 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwardsB. There was a thorough search inside the airportC. The security authorities identified the explosivesD. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound25、 According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPTA. smokingB. alcohol abuseC. depressionD. schizophrenia26、 Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smokingB. To better understand patientsC. To teach patients some skillsD. To get patients occupied27、 What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on dutyB. To prevent pilots from working overtimeC. To ensure an adequate amount of sleepD. To fix the amount of work for each pilot28、 The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because theyA. had failed to cover all the pilotsB. had only covered cargo plane pilotsC. would be put into effect in two yearsD. would be too costly if implemented29、 Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it has fewer ecological risks.D. Because it may help double food production.30、 What does the word "challenge" mean in the news item?A. Conflict between less land and more production.B. Balance between human survival and ecology.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART Ⅲ CLOZEDecide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two. Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modem state: without it, it (31) not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32) the workers in government offices who (33) our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) taxation, we pay for things that we needjust (35) we need somewhere to live and something to eat.But (36) everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37) taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) , which is called income tax, (39) It is arranged in such a (40) that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (41) as the taxpayer's income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42) as high as ninety-five per cent!(43) countries with direct taxation nearly (44) have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or "duties." Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45) really have to pay the duties, in the (46) of higher prices. In some countries, (47) , there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49) jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (50) , as the rich pay it.31、 A. can B. mayC. wouldD. could32、 A. neither B. norC. neverD. not33、 A. look after B. look overC. look intoD. look through34、 A. In accordance with B. With reference toC. By means ofD. On account of35、 A. as well as B. as much asC. as such asD. as good as36、 A. if B. whenC. asD. though37、 A. how B. whenC. whyD. which38、 A. communities B. sectorsC. personsD. classes39、 A. remains B. existsC. staysD. happens40、 A. measure B. methodC. formD. way41、 A. more B. largerC. quickerD. speedier42、 A. grows up B. increases upC. goes upD. lifts up43、 A. And B. ConsequentlyC. SimilarlyD. But44、 A. almost B. alwaysC. oftenD. periodically45、 A. which B. whoC. whatD. whom46、 A. manner B. wayC. meansD. form47、 A. either B. alsoC. tooD. often48、 A. collected B. borrowedC. savedD. lent49、 A. as B. forC. alikeD. like50、 A. heavier B. fairerC. finerD. betterPART Ⅳ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51、 Facing the board of directors, he didn't deny ______ breaking the agreement.A. himB. hisC. itD. its52、 Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions asa(n)______in the sentence.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement53、 Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)?A. NonsmokerB. MeannessC. DeadlineD. Misfit54、 Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o'clock.B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55、 The following determiners (限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPTA. manyB. enoughC. moreD. such56、 Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went inB. Think it over again and you'll get an answerC. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sportsD. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this57、 Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute (名词替代词)?A. MuchB. NeitherC. OneD. Quarter58、 All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPTA. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at fourB. The school pupils will be home by nowC. The President is coming to the 'UN next weekD. He is going to email me the necessary information59、 Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of governmentB. Ten miles seems like a long walk to meC. Mumps is a kind of infectious diseaseD. All the furniture has arrived undamaged60、 Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The occupation of the islandB. The law of NewtonC. The arrival of the touristsD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61、 Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw backB. Larry has a large family to supportC. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lieD. There is really nothing to fear62、 Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. I wish you could stay behindB. You will mind your own business!C. Come and have dinner with usD. Let me drive you home, shall I?63、 If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. was to rainB. were to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64、 Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. He must be working late at the office.D. It's getting late, and I must leave now.65、 The following are all dynamic verbs (动态动词) EXCEPTA. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66、 ______to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdjustingC. AdoptingD. Acquainting67、 He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part meansA. hard.B. tiring.C. long.D. dull.68、 At last night's party Larry said something that I thought was beyond me. The underlined part meansA. I couldn't understand.B. I was unable to do.C. I couldn't tolerate.D. I was unable to stop.69、 The couple ______ their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did upD. did with70、 Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ______ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71、 The child nodded, apparently content with his mother's promise. The underlined part meansA. as far as one has learnt.B. as far as one is concerned.C. as far as one can see.D. as far as one is told.72、 The______that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. argumentB. issueC. pointD. sentence73、 Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part meansA. limited.B. unnecessary.C. overdue.D. much.74、 The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part meansA. if an accident can be prevented.B. if an accident happens.C. before an accident.D. during an accident.75、 Traditionally, local midwives would ______ all the babies in the area.A. deliverB. produceC. handleD. help76、 No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part meansA. proposition.B. advertisement.C. building.D. street.77、 The court would not accept his appeal unless ______evidence is provided.A. definiteB. conclusiveC. eventualD. concluding78、 As soon as he opened the door, a ______ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79、 She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ______ from it.A. refrainedB. preventedC. limitedD. restricted80、 The couple told the decorator that. they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part meansA. cheerfully.B. light-heartedly.C. brightly.D. lightly.PART Ⅴ READING COMPREHENSIONIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messenging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication-but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the HINI pandemic (流行病) was announced, the idea of "swine flu" (猪流感) scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions. Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you're taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk (鼓舞士气的讲话) before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put togood use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81、 The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable becauseA. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it is of great use in everyday-life context.D. it plays important roles in human communication.82、 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83、 Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPTA. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84、 According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on "great speaking ability"?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It comes from learning and practice.C. It can be perfected with easy effort.D. It can be acquired from birth.85、 What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. Public speaking in daily life context.C. The many uses of public speaking.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. "I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music," he explains. "Then I'm in a chairlift(索道), I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As I take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, "It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone." Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced (外包) manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks-anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. "Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort," he explains. "Those were the only guys I knew! "Alden didn't want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife: "Can I put a mortgage (抵押贷款) on the house? She said, 'What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.'I definitelymarried the right woman! "For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. "Factories won't ship your product till they get paid," he says. "But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first."Gradually, non-snowboarders began .to notice the colourful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. "We knew that nine out of ten people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn't sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It'd kill us to take back all the products."Alden's fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren't gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. "In the beginning," he says, "that little white wire that said you had an iPod-that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you're just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible."Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86、 Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because heA. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.D. was very fond of modern music.87、 The new headphone was originally designed forA. snowboarders.B. motor cyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88、 How did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89、 What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He agreed to sell products at a discount.C. He improved the colour design of the product.D. He promised to buy back products not sold.90、 Alden sees headphones asA. a kind of device.B. part of fashion.C. a symbol of status.D. a sign of self-confidence.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Tai called."Sit down," she said.I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, ."It can't be that bad."But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement savings in a "safe" fund with a brilliant financial guru (金融大亨 ). When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoffs arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I've read many articles about how we investors should have .known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before "the Call", but I did not.On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Tai's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, "If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?"My husband was still in financial shock. He said, "I just want my money back." I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I'd been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn't satisfy me, because I wasn't really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, arid they didn't think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said, "I'd started to get complacent. It's as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy (萎缩). Now they're awake, alive-and I don't want to go back."These weren't just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone's garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91、 What did the author learn from Taj's call?A. Taj had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92、 How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93、 According to the passage, to which was she forced to pay attention"?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C. Her lost savings.D. Her experience.94、 Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation.D. Her friends were more optimistic than she.95、 What is the message of the passage?A. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.B. It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.C. Desire for money is human nature.D. One has to be decisive during crises.TEXT DIn the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torrents of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins.These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can't change your behaviour by simply resolving to do something. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able todo it. Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It's more like a muscle, which tires easily. Moreover, you're a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, you'll probably do so, too.The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, we know that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is not simple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.Much of our behavior, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers at Duke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed by habit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits-cue, routine, reward.You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor at night, that'll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don't try to ignore your afternoon snack craving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.Their research thus implies a. different character model, which is supposed to manipulate the neural (神经系统的) networks inside.To be an effective person, under this model, you are supposed to coolly examine your own unconscious habits, and the habits of those under your care. You are supposed to devise strategies to alter the cues and routines. Every relationship becomes slightly manipulative, including your relationship with yourself. You're trying to arouse certain responses by implanting certain cues.This is a bit disturbing, because the important habitual neural networks are not formed by mere routine, nor can they be reversed by clever cues. They are burned in by emotion and strengthened by strong yearnings, like the yearnings for admiration and righteousness. If you think you can change your life in a clever way, the way an advertiser can get you to buy an air freshener, you're probably wrong. As the Victorians understood, if you want to change your life, don't just look for a clever cue. Commit to some larger global belief.96、 Which of the following is a key element in the 19th-century character model?。

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS （2013)PART I DICTATION ［15 MIN]Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE。

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN］SECTION A CONVERSATIONSQuestions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now，listen to the conversation.1. According to the conversation，an example of “Christmas trimmings” could beA. presents。

B. fruitsC. sauce D。

meat2。

A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCECTA. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meat D。

carrots3. Why did Helen come to Rob's house？A. She wanted to talk to Bob。

B. She had come to help Bob。

C。

She had been invited to lunch. D。

She was interested in cooking。

Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.4。

TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2013)PARTIDICTATION[15MIN]PleasewritethewholepassageonANSWERSHEETONE. PARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION[20MIN]SECTIONACONVERSATIONSQuestions1to3arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation, youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentotheconversation.1.Accordingtotheconversation,anexampleof“Christmastrimemings”couldbA.presents.B.fruitsC.sauceD.meat2.AChristmaslunchwouldincludeallthefollowingEXCECTA.roastturkeyB.sweetpotatoesC.meatD.carrots3.WhydidHelencometoRob?shouse?A.ShewantedtotalktoBob.B.ShehadcometohelpBob.C.Shehadbeeninvitedtolunch.D.Shewasinterestedincooking.Questions4to7arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendofthe conversationyouwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.4.Whydidthewoman phonetheclub?A.Shewantedtoknowmoreaboutit.B.Shewasanewcomerandfeltlonely.C.Shewantedtolearnanewlanguage.D.Shewasinterestedinsocialactivities.5.WelearnfromtheconversationthattheclubA.mainlyorganizelanguageactivities.B.acceptsmembersfromlocalstudents.C.hasbeensetupforalongtime.D.isincreasingitsmembership.6.Accordingtotheconversation,thewomanmightcometopracticeGermanonA.Wednesday.B.Tuesday.C.Monday.D.Friday.7.Whatisthemangoingtodoaftertheconversation?A.Callupthewomanforheraddress.B.Waitforthewomantocallhimagain.C.Mailthewomansomeinformation.D.Waitforthewomantopickupaform.Questions8to10arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendofthe conversationyouwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.8.Accordingtothewoman,whatactuallymakesherjobdifficult?A.Difficultquestionsfrominterviewees.B.Embarrassingrequestsfrominterviewees.ckofprofessionalbackground.ckofinterviewingskills.9.Thewomanusesallthefollowingadjectiveswhentalkingaboutattendingjobfairs EXCEPTA.prospective.eful.C.important.D.tiring.10.WelearnfromtheconversationthatthewomanA.worksbetteratjobfairs.B.prefershonestpeople.C.oftenworksonherown.D.isexperiencedinherwork.SECTIONBPASSAGESInthissection,youwillhearseveralpassages.Listentothepassagescarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Questions11to13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassageyouwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.11.Accordingtotoday?sweatherforecast,whichpartofEuropehasdryweather?A.Scandinavianmountain.B.NorthwesternEurope.C.NorthernEurope.D.SouthernEurope.12.InwhichpartofEuropedoestheweatherstaybothfineandcool?A.SouthernEurope.B.NorthernEurope.C.EasternEurope.D.NorthwesternEurope.13.Inwhichregionwilltheweatherchangetomorrow?A.NorthernpartsoftheMediterranean.B.EasternpartsoftheMediterranean.C.CentralpartsoftheMediterranean.D.SouthernpartsoftheMediterranean.Questions14to17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassageyou willbegiven2014.Accordingtothepassage,whatbenefitcantechnologybringtopeople?A.Closercontactwithmoderndevices.B.Greaterchangesinsocialorganization.C.Betterunderstandingofmassmedia.D.Moreusefulinformationtobettertheirlife.15.Thespeakerquestionsabouteverybody?saccesstotechnologicaladvances.Themain reasonisA.illiteracy.B.poverty.C.foodshortage.D.ignorance.16.AccordingtotheUNplan,allthefollowingwillbeachievedwithintenyearsEXCEPTA.givingeveryonearadioorTV.B.startingtocarryouttheschemeintenyears.C.offeringinternetservicetomorepeople.D.providingmorejobopportunities.17.Whatcouldbetopicofthepassage?A.Growthintelecommunications.B.Technologyandthedevelopingworld.cationandmedicalcare.D.Buildinganinformationsociety.Questions18to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassageyou willbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.18.PeopleinLatinAmericawearsomething______toexpresstheirhopesforwealthinthe NewYear.A.newB.redC.whiteD.yellow19.WhichofthefollowingNewYear?straditionssignalsfriendship?A.Throwingolddishes.B.Wearingsomethingred.C.Wearingsomethingwhite.D.Eatingroundfruits.20.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasone?sownNewYear?stradition?A.WatchingTVathome.B.Goingtobedearly.C.Visitingfriends.D.Runningandshoutingoutside.SECTIONCNEWSBROADCASTInthissection,youwillhearseveralnewsitems.Listentothepassagescarefullyand thenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Questions21to22arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofeachnewsitem, youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.21.WhatishappeningtotheschoolsinFairfaxCountythisschoolyear?A.15schoolshavestartedsocialstudies.B.15schoolshaveuseddigitaltextbooks.C.Studentsarereadytouseelectronicresources.D.Digitaltextbooksareusedforsocialstudies.22.Withdigitaltextbooks,schoolshavesavedabout______milliondollars.A.1B.2C.3D.4Questions23to24arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofeachnewsitem, youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.23.Whofoundthesuspiciousitemattheairport?A.TSAagents.B.FBIagents.C.Thepolice.D.Passengers.24.WhichofthefollowingstatementisINCORRECT?A.Theterminalwasclosedtemporarilyafterwards.B.Therewasathoroughsearchinsidetheairport.C.Passengersattheairportweresafeandsound.D.Thesecurityauthoritiesidentifiedtheexplosives.Questions25to26arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofeachnewsitem,you willbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.25.Accordingtothenewsitem,doctorsusearttherapytotreatthefollowingproblems EXCEPTA.alcoholabuse.B.smoking.C.depression.D.schizophrenia.26.Whydiddoctorsintroducearttherapyinthefirstplace?A.Topreventpatientsfromsmoking.B.Tobetterunderstandpatients.C.Togetpatientsoccupied.D.Toteachpatientssomeskills.Questions27to28arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofeachnewsitem,you willbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.27.Whatisthemainpurposeofthenewrules?A.Toreducethenumberofpilotsonduty.B.Topreventpilotsfromworkingovertime.C.Toensureanadequateamountofsleep.D.Tofixtheamountofworkforeachpilot.28.TheIndependentPilotsAssociationwasunhappyaboutthenewrulesbecausetheyA.hadonlycoveredcargoplanepilots.B.hadfailedtocoverallthepilots.C.wouldbeputintoeffectintwoyears.D.wouldbetoocostlyifimplemented.Questions29to30arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofeachnewsitem,you willbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.29.Whyisincreaseinlivestockproductionnecessary?A.Becauselivestockproductionishighlyefficient.B.Becausemorepeoplewillbecomewealthier.C.Becauseitmayhelpdoublefoodproduction.D.Becauseithasfewerecologicalrisks.30.Whatdoestheword“challenge”meaninthenewsitem?A.Balancebetweenhumansurvivalandecology.B.Conflictbetweenlesslandandmoreproduction.C.Differencebetweenpresentandfutureneeds.D.Callsbyenvironmentalcriticstoconsumelessmeat.PART3CLOZE15MINEveryoneknowsthattaxationisnecessaryinamodernstate:withoutit,it(31)_____notbepossibletopaythesoldiersandpolicemenwhoprotectus;(32)_____theworkersin governmentofficeswho(33)_____ourhealth,ourfood,ourwater,andalltheotherthingsth atwecannotdoforourselves.(34)_____taxation,wepayforthingsthatweneedjust(35)_____weneedsomewheretoliveandsomethingtoeat.But(36)_____everyoneknowsthat taxationisnecessary,differentpeoplehavedifferentideasabout(37)____taxationshouldbe arranged.Inmostcountries,adirecttaxon(38)_____,whichiscalledincometax,(39)_____.Itisarrangedinsuch(40)______thatthepoorestpeoplepaynothing,andthepercentageoftaxgrows(41)____asthetaxpayer'sincomegrows.Insomecountries,forexample,thetaxontherichestpeople(42)______ashighasninety-fivepercent!(43)_____countrieswithtaxationnearly(44)_____haveindirecttaxationtoo.Manythingsimportedintothecountryhavetopaytaxesor“duti es.Of”course,itisthemenandwomenwhobuytheseimportedthingsintheshops(45)______reallyhavetopaythe duties,inthe(46)______ofhigherprices.Insomecountries,(47)_____,thereisataxonthingssoldintheshops.Ifthemostnecessarythingsaretaxed,alotofmoneyis(48)____butthepoorpeoplesuffermost.Ifunnecessarythings(49)___jewelsandfurcoatsaretaxed,lessmoneyisobtainedbutthetaxis(50)______astherichpayit.Probablythislastkindofindirecttax,togetherwithadirecttaxonincomeswhichislowfort hepoorandhighfortherich,isthebestarrangement.31.A.canB.mayC.couldD.would32.A.norB.neitherC.neverD.not33.A.lookintoB.lookoverC.lookoverD.lookthrough34.A.InaccordancewithB.BymeansofC.WithreferencetoD.Onaccountof35.A.aswellasB.asgoodasC.assuchasD.asmuchas36.A.ifB.whenC.thoughD.as37.A.whenB.howC.whyD.whichmunitiesD.classes39.A.remainsB.staysC.existsD.happensrger42.A.growsupB.increasesupC.goesupD.liftsup43.A.ButB.ConsequentlyC.SimilarlyD.And44.A.periodicallyB.almostC.oftenD.always45.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.whom46.A.mannerB.formC.meansD.way47.A.eitherB.alsoC.tooD.often48.A.lentB.savedC.borrowedD.collected49.A.alikeB.likeC.asD.for50.A.heavierB.fairerC.finerD.betterPART4GRAMMAR&VOCABULARY15MINTherearethirtysentencesinthissection.Beneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorp hrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheetTwo.51.Facingtheboardofdirectors,hedidn?tdeny________breakingtheagreement.A.himB.itC.hisD.its52.Xinchunreturnedfromaboardadifferentman.Theitalicizedpartfunctionsasa(n)____ __.A.appositive(同位语)B.objectC.adverbialplement.53.Whichofthefollowingisacompoundword(复合词)?______.A.Nonsmoker.B.Deadline.C.Meanness.D.Misfit.54.Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood?______.A.Lucyinsistedthathersongethomebefore5o?clock?B.Sheusedtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetro.C.Walkstraightahead,anddon'tturntillthesecondtrafficlights.D.PaulwillcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabyFriday.55.Thefollowingdeterminers(限定词)canbeusedwithbothpluralanduncountablenounsEXCEPT______.A.moreB.enough.C.many.D.such.56.WhichoftheitalicizedpartsindicatesCONTRAST?______.A.Sheopenedthedoorandquietlywentin.B.VictorialikesmusicandSamisfondofsports.C.Thinkitoveragainandyou?llgetananswer.D.Heissomewhatarrogant,andIdon'tlikethis.57.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbeusedasanominalsubstitute(名词替代词)?______.A.Much.B.Neither.C.One.D.Quarter.58.AllthefollowingsentencesdefinitelyindicatefuturetimeEXCEPT______.A.MotheristohaveteawithAuntBettyatfour.B.ThePresidentiscomingtotheUNnextweek.C.Theschoolpupilswillbehomebynow.D.Heisgoingtoemailmethenecessaryinformation.59.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallyINCORRECT?______.A.Politicsaretheartorscienceofgovernment.B.Tenmilesseemslikealongwalktome.C.Mumpsisakindofinfectiousdisease.D.Allthefurniturehasarrivedundamaged.60.Whichofinthefollowingphrasesindicatesasubject-predicaterelationship?______.A.ThearrivalofthetouristsB.ThelawofNewtonC.TheoccupationoftheislandD.TheplaysofOscarWilde61.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsservesasanappositive?______.A.Heisnotthemantodrawback.B.Tonyhitbacktheurgetotellalie.rryhasalargefamilytosupport.D.Thereisreallynothingtofear.62.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanimperativesentence?______.A.Letmedriveyouhome,shallI?B.Youwillmindyourownbusiness!eandhavedinnerwithus.D.Iwishyoucouldstaybehind.,63.Ifit______tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.A.weretorainB.wastorainC.wasrainingD.hadrained64.Whichofthefollowingsentencesexpressesafact?______.A.Maryandhersonmustbehomebynow.B.Carelessreadingmustgivepoorresults.C.It?sgettinglate,andImustleavenow.D.Hemustbeworkinglateattheoffice.65.Thefollowingarealldynamicverbs(动态动词)EXCEPT______.A.remain.B.turn.C.write.D.knock.66.____toschoollifewaslessdifficultthanthepupilhadexpected.A.AdheringB.AdoptingC.AdjustingD.Acquainting67.Heisfedupwiththesameolddrearyroutine,andwantstoquithisjob.Theunderlinedp artmeans_________.A.dullB.boringC.longD.hard68.Atlastnight?spartyLarrysaidsomethingthatIthoughwasbeyondme.Theunderlinedp artmeans________.A.IwasunabletodoC.IwasunabletostopB.Icouldn?tunderstandD.Icouldn?ttolerate69.Thecouple______theiroldhouseandsolditforavastprofit.A.didforB.didinC.didwithD.didup70.Sallycontributedalottotheproject,butsheneveronceacceptedallthe____forherself.A.creditB.attentionC.focusD.award71.Thechildnodded,apparentlycontentwithhismother?spromise.Theunderlinedpartmea ns_________.A.asfarasonehaslearntB.asfarasoneisconcernedC.asfarasonecanseeD.asfarasoneistold72.The________thatsportbuildscharacteriswellacceptedbypeoplenowadays.A.issueB.argumentC.pointD.sentence73.EveryoneintheofficeknowsthatMelindatakesinfinitecareoverherwork.The underlinedpartmeans________.A.limitedB.unnecessaryC.overdueD.much74.Thenewmeasurewillreducethechanceofseriousinjuryintheeventofanaccident.The underlinedpartmeans_________.A.ifanaccidenthappensB.ifanaccidentcanbepreventedC.beforeanaccidentD.duringanaccident75.Traditionally,localmidwiveswould________allthebabiesinthearea.A.handleB.produceC.deliverD.help76.Nofoodordrinkisallowedonthepremises.Theunderlinedpartmeans________A.prop ositionB.advertisementC.buildingD.street77.Thecourtwouldnotaccepthisappealunless________evidenceisprovided.A.conclusiveB.definiteC.eventualD.concluding78.Assoonasheopenedthedoor,a________ofcoldairsweptthroughthehouse.A.flowB.movementC.rushD.blast79.Shereallywantedtosaysomethingatthemeeting,buteventually________fromit.A.preventedB.refrainedC.limitedD.restricted80.Thecoupletoldthedecoratorthattheywantedtheirbedroomgailypainted.Theunderlinedpartmeans_________.A.brightlyB.light-heartedlyC.cheerfullyD.lightly PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION25MIN Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eac hwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthe bestanswer.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheetTwo.TEXTATheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,000yearsago.Now,twitter,instan tmessaging,e-mail,blogsandchatforumsofferrivalapproachestocommunication-butnon ecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech.Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payi ngtribute,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething. Overthepastyear,thehumanvoicehashelpedguideusovertheupsanddownsofwhatwa scertainlyastormytime. Persuasionisusedindealingwithorreconcilingdifferentpointsofview.Whentheleadersm etinCopenhageninDecember2009,persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocom mitthemselvestofirmeraction.Inspirationalspeechesconfronttheemotions.Theyfocuson topicsandmattersthatareclosetopeople'shearts.Duringwars,generalsusedinspiringspee chestopreparethetroopsforbattle. Aspeechthatconveysknowledgeandenhancesunderstandingcaninformus.Theinformatio nmustbeclear,accurate,andexpressedinameaningfulandinterestingwa（y.流行病）announced,theideaof“swineflu”rmativespeechesfromWorldHealthOr ganizationofficialshelpedpeopletokeeptheirpanicundercontrolsotheycouldtakesensibl eprecautions. Sadeventsarenevereasytodealwithbutaspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedon eandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting.Madonna'sspeechaboutMichael Jackson,afterhisdeath,highlightedthefactthathewillcontinuetoliveonthroughhismusi c.It'snotonlyinworldforumswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole.Itcanalsobesur prisinglyhelpfulinthecourseofourownlives.Ifyou?retakingpartinadebateyouneedtopersuadethelistenersofthesoundnessofyoura rgument.Insports,athletesknowtheimportanceofapeptalk（鼓舞士气的讲话）beforeamatchtoinspireteammates.Youyourselfmaybeaskedtodoapresentationat collegeorworktoinformtheothersaboutanareaofvitalimportance. Onamorepersonallevel,afriendmaybeupsetandneedcomforting.Oryoumightbeasked tointroduceaspeakeratafamilyeventortospeakatawedding,whereyourlanguagewillb eneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.Greatspeakingabilityisnotsomethingwe'rebornwith.EvenBarackObamaworkshardtop erfecteveryspeech.Forabrilliantspeech,therearerulesthatyoucanputtogooduse.Tolea rnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast.81.Theauthorthinksthespokenwordisstillirreplaceablebecause______.A.ithasalwaysbeenusedtoinspireorpersuadepeople.B.ithasabigroletoplayintheentertainmentbusiness.C.itplaysimportantrolesinhumancommunication.D.itisofgreatuseineveryday-lifecontext.82.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTabouttheroleofpublicspeaking?_____A.Speechesatworldforumscanleadtoeffectivesolutionstoworldproblems.B.Speechesfrommedicalauthoritiescancalmpeopledownintimesofpandemics.C.Themoraleofsold iersbeforeabattlecanbeboostedbyseniorofficers'speeches.D.Speechespayingtributetothedeadcancomfortthemourners.83.PublicspeakingcanplayallthefollowingrolesEXCEPT______.A.toconvincepeopleinadebate.B.toinformpeopleatapresentation.C.toadvisepeopleatwork.D.toentertainpeopleatawedding.84.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheauthor'sviewon______“g r e a s p t eakingability”?A.Itcomesfromobservingrules.B.Itcanbeperfectedwitheasyeffort.C.Itcanbeacquiredfrombirth.D.Itcomesfromlearningandpractice.85.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?______.A.Publicspeakingininternationalforums.B.Themanyusesofpublicspeaking.C.Publicspeakingindailylifecontext.D.Therulesofpublicspeaking.TEXTBEverybusinessneedstwothings,saysSkullcandyCEORickAlden:inspirationanddesperation.In2001,Aldenhadboth.He'dsoldtwosnowboardingbusinesses,andhewasdesperatelybored.Buthehadanidea:Hewantedtomakeanewkindofheadphone“.I k eptseeingpe oplemissingtheircellphonecallsbecausetheywerelisteningtomusic,”h eexplains.ThenI'minachairlift,I'vegotmyheadphoneson,andIrealizemyphoneisringing.As1takemyg lovesoffandreachformyphone,Ithink,“Itcan'tbethattoughtomakeheadphoneswithtwoplugs,oneformusicandoneforyourcellphone.”Aldendescribedwhathewantedtoadesigner,perfectedaprototype,andoutsource（d外包）manufacturingoverseas. Aldenthenstarteddesigningheadphonesintohelmets,backpacks-anywherethatwouldmak eiteasytolistentomusicwhilesnowboarding.“Sellingintoboardandskateshopswasn'ta bigresearcheffort,h”e explains.“ThoseweretheonlyguysIknew!”Aldendidn?twanttobeamanufacturer.Andbyoutsourcing,he'dhopedhecouldgetthebusinessoffthegroundwithoutdebt.Buthewas wrong.Soheaskedhiswife“,C a n I puta（抵押贷款）onthehouse?Shesaid,,Whatistheworstthingthatcanhappen?Welosethehouse,wesellourcars,andwestartall overagain.?Idefinitelymarriedtherightwoman!”Forthenexttwoyears,Aldenjuggledmortgagepaymentsandpaymentstohismanufacturersh esays.“Buitttakesfourorfivemonthstogetamortgag .“Factoriewson'tshipyourproducttilltheygetpaid,”ecompanysoupsetthattheyknockonyourdoor.Sowepaidthefactoryfirst.”Gradually,non-snowboardersbegantonoticethecolorfulheadphones.In2006,thecompanystartedsellingthemin1,400FYE( ForYourEntertainment)stores“.WeknewthatnineoutoftenpeoplewalkingintothatstorewouldbelearningaboutSkullcandyforthefirsttime.Why wouldtheylookatbrandstheyknewandtakehomeanewbrandinstead?Wehadagreedto buybackanythingwedidn?tsell,butweweredealingwithhugenumbers.It?dkillustotake backalltheproductsAlden?sfearsfadedasSkullcandybecametheNo.1headphonesellerinthosestoresandtripleditsrevenueto$120millioninoneyear.Hiskeyinsightwasthatheadphonewseren?tgadgets;theywereafashio naccessory“.Inthebeginning,h”esays,“thaltittlewhitewirethatsaidyouhadaniPod---thatwascool.Butnowwearingthewhitebudmeansyou?rejustlikeeveryoneelse.Headphonesoccupythiscriticalpieceofcranialrealestateandarehighlyvisible.”Today,SkullcandyisAmerica'ssecond-largestheadphonesupplier,afterSony.With79employees,thecompanyisbiggerthanAldeneverimagined.86.Aldencameupwiththeideaofanewkindofheadphonebecausehe______.A.wasnolongerinsnowboardingbusiness.B.hadnootherbusinessopportunities.C.wasveryfondofmodernmusic.D.sawaninconvenienceamongmobileusers.87.Thenewheadphonewasoriginallydesignedfor______.A.snowboarders.B.motorcyclists.C.mountainhikers.D.marathonrunners.88.DidAldensolvethemoneyproblem?______.A.Hesoldhishouseandhiscars.B.Factoriescouldshipproductsbeforebeingpaid.C.Heborrowedmoneyfromamortgagecompany.D.Heborrowedmoneyfromhiswife'sfamily.89.WhatdidAldendotopromotesalesinFYEstores?______.A.Hespentmoremoneyonproductadvertising.B.Hepromisedtobuybackproductsnotsold.C.Heagreedtosellproductsatadiscount.D.Heimprovedthecolourdesignoftheproduct.90.Aldenseesheadphonesas______.A.asignofself-confidence.B.asymbolofstatus.C.partoffashion.D.akindofdevice.TEXTCIwasstandinginmykitchenwonderingwhattohaveforlunchwhenmyfriendTajcalled.“Sitdown,”shesaid.Ithoughtshewasgoingtotellmeshehadjustgottenthehaircutfromhell.Ilaughedandsaid,“I c t an'tbethatbad.”Butitwas.Beforethephonecall,Ihad30yearsofretirementsavingina“safefu”ndwithabrilliantfinancia lguru（金融大亨）.WhenIputdownthephone,mysavingsweregone.IfeltasifIhaddiedand,forsomeunknownreason,wasstillbreathing.SinceBernieMadoff?sarrestonchargesofrunninga$65millionPonzischeme,I've readmanyarticlesabouthowweinvestorsshouldhaveknownwhatwasgoingon.IwishIc ouldsayIhadreservationsaboutMadoffbefore“theCall”b,u tIdidnot.OnNewYear'sEve,threeweeksafterwelostoursavings,sixofusMadoffpeoplegatheredatTaj'shousefordinner.Asweweresittingaroundthetable,someoneaske“d,Ifyoucouldh aveyourmoneybackrightnow,butitwouldmeangivingupwhatyouhavelearnedbylosingit,wouldyoutakethemoneyorwouldyoutakewhatlosingthemoneyhasgivenyou?”Myhusbandwasstillinfinancialshock.Hesaid,“I justwantthemoneyback.”Iwasn'tcert ainwhereIstood.Iknewthatlosingourmoneyhadcrackedmewideo p e n I?.dbeenwalking aroundlikewhattheBuddhistscallahungryghost:alwaysfocusedonthebitethatwasyettocome,nottheoneinmymouth.NomatterhowmuchIateorhadorexperienced,ditidn?tsatisfyme,becauseIwasn?treallytakingitin,wasn'tabsorbingit.NowIwasforcedtopayattention.Still,Icouldn'thonestlysaythatifsomeonehadofferedmethemoneyback,Iwou ldturnitdown. Buttheotherfourallsaidthatwhattheywereseeingaboutthemselveswasincalculable,andtheydidn?tthinkitwouldhavebecomeapparentwithoutthegroundoffinancialstabilitybeingrippedoutfromunderneaththem.MyfriendMichaelsaid,I?dstartedtogetcomplacent.It?sasifthemusclesofmyheartstartedtoatroph（萎缩）.Nowthey?reawake,alive—andIdon?twanttogoback.”Theseweren?jutstemptywords.Michaelandhiswifeneededtotakeinboarderstome ettheirexpenses.Tajwassobrokethatshewasmovingintsoomeone?sgarageapartmentinthreeweeks.Threefriendshaddeclaredbankruptcyandweren'tsurewhereorhowtheyweregoingtolive.91.WhatdidtheauthorlearnfromTaj?scall?A.hadgotanawfulhaircut.B.Theyhadlosttheirretirementsavings.C.Tajhadjustretiredfromwork.D.Theyweregoingtomeetforlunch.92.Howdidtheauthorfeelinthefollowingweeks?A.Angry.B.Disappointed.C.Indifferent.D.Desperate.e forcedtopayattention”?93.Accordingtothepassage,towhichwassh“A.Herfriends.B.Herhusband.C.Herlostsavings.D.Herexperience.94.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECTaboutherfriends?A.Herfriendsvaluedtheirexperiencemore.B.Herfriendsfeltthesameasshedid.C.Herfriendswereinabetterfinancialsituation.DHerfriendsweremoreoptimisticthanshe.95.Whatisthemessageofthepassage?A.Desireformoneyishumannature.B.Onehastobedecisiveduringcrises.C.Understandinggainedismoreimportantthanmoneylost.D.Itisnaturaltoseevariedresponsestofinancialcrises.TEXTDInthe19thcentury,thereusedtobeamodelofhowtobeagoodperson.Therearealltheseto rrentsofpassionflowingthroughyou.Yourjob,ascaptainofyoursoul,istoerectdamstok eepthesepassionsincheck.Yourjobistojustsaynotolaziness,lust,greed,druguseandtheothersins.Thesedaysthatmodelisoutoffashion.Youusuallycan?tchangeyourbehaviourbysimply resolvingtodosomething.Knowingwhattodoisnotthesameasbeingabletodoit. Yourwillpowerisnotlikeadamthatcanblockthetorrentofself-indulgence.It'smorelikea muscle,whichtireseasily.Moreover,you'reasocialbeing.Ifeverybodyaroundyouisover eating,you?llprobablydoso,too.The19th-centurycharactermodelwasbasedonanunderstandingoffreewill.Today,wekn owthatfreewillisbounded.Peoplecanchangetheirlives,butorderingchangeisnotsimple becausemanythings,evenwithinourselves,arebeyondourdirectcontrol. Muchofourbehaviour,forexample,isguidedbyunconscioushabits.ResearchersatDuke Universitycalculatedthatmorethan40percentoftheactionswetakearegovernedbyhabit, notactualdecisions.Researchershavealsocometounderstandthestructureofha—bictsue, routine,reward.Youcanchangeyourownpersonalhabits.Ifyouleaverunningshortsontheflooratnight,that'llbeacuetogorunninginthemorning.Don?ttrytoignoreyourafternoonsnack craving.Everytimeyoufeelthecueforasnack,insertanotherroutine.Takeawalk. Theirresearchthusimpliesadifferentcharactermodel,whichissupposedtomanipulatethe neural（神经系统的）networksinside.Tobeaneffectiveperson,underthismodel,youaresupposedtocoollyexamineyourownun conscioushabits,andthehabitsofthoseunderyourcare.Youaresupposedtodevisestrategi estoalterthecuesandroutines.Everyrelationshipbecomesslightlymanipulative,including yourrelationshipwithyourself.You'retryingtoarousecertainresponsesbyimplantingcert aincues.Thisisabitdisturbing,becausetheimportanthabitualneuralnetworksarenotformedbyme reroutine,norcantheybereversedbyclevercues.Theyareburnedinbyemotionandstreng thenedbystrongyearnings,liketheyearningsforadmirationandrighteousness.Ifyouthinky oucanchangeyourlifeinacleverway,thewayanadvertisercangetyoutobuyanairfreshener,you'reprobablywrong.AstheVictoriansunderstood,ifyouwanttochangeyourlife,don?mittosomelargerglobalbelief.96.Whichofthefollowingisakeyelementinthe19th-centurycharactermodel?A.Passion.B.Action.C.Capability.D.Determination.97.The19th-centurymodelsupposedlydoesnotworkbecause______.A.thereweremanyotherfactorsbeyondone'scontrol.B.ithasworkedunsatisfactorilymostofthetime.C.thecomparisonoffreewilltoadamisgroundless.D.whatonewishestodoshouldbeconsideredcarefully.98.WhatisthemainimplicationoftheresearchatDukeUniversity?A.Habitiskeytoone'sbehaviour.B.One'sbehaviourisdifficulttochange.C.Bothhabitandwillpowerareimportant.D.Habithasanunidentifiedstructure.99.Accordingtothenewcharactermodel,personalbehaviourcouldbealteredthrough_____ _.A.cuestostopalltheformerunconscioushabits.B.cuestomanipulatethehabitualneuralresponses.C.techniquestodevisedifferentphysicalcues.D.techniquestosupplementoldroutines.100.Welearnfromthepassagethatthenewcharactermodel______.A.stressestheneuralandpsychologicalaspectsofhabitchange.B.canbringaboutchangesinone'slifelikewhatadvertisersdo.C.hasbeenusedtochangebehavioursuccessfully.D.dealsbetterwithemotionalaspectsofbehaviour.PARTVIWRITINGSECTIONACOMPOSITION45MINMostofus,asstudents,arecarefulwithourmoneyindailylife:wecollectallkindsofcoupo ns;welookforgroup-buydealsifweeatoutortravel;wedon'tbuyclothesunlessinasale.Ho wever,somepeoplethinkthatallthismaynotmakeussmartconsumers.Whatisyouropinion?WriteonANSWERSHEETTHREEacompositionofabout200words.Youaretowriteinthreeparts.Inthefirstpart,statespecificallywhatyouropinionis.Inthesecondpart,provideoneortworeasonsoryourexperience(s)tosupportyouropinion.Inthelastpart,bringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary. Youshouldsupplyanappropriatetitleforyourcomposition. Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,languageandappropriateness.SECTIONBNOTE-WRITING[10MIN]WriteonANSWERSHEETTHREEanoteofabout50-60wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:Yourformerhigh-schoolclassmate(MatheworGrace)iscomingtovisityouinthedorm.But,youhavegotsomethingurgenttodoandthuscannotwaitforhim/herthere.Leaveanoteo nthedoor,expressingyourapologyandtellinghim/herhowtofindyou.Youmustmakeclea rwhereyouareinthenote.Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,languageandappropriateness.附：【答案详解】PART1DictationWhatisadreamfor?Onetheoryisthatwedreamtoreleasethedeepsecretdesires.Wedon'texpressthese desiresinreallifebecauseoftherulesofpolitesociety.Anothertheoryisthatdreamsallow ustosolveproblemsthatwecan'tsolveinreallife.Wegotosleepwiththeproblemandwake upwiththesolution.Thismaybeawaytouseourdreamsratherthanapurposeofdreaming. Ifyoubelievethatyourdreamsareimportant,thenanalyzingthemmayhelpyoutofocuson theproblemandhelpyoutofindthesolution.Themodernimageisthatthedreamsarethebrains'waveofcleaningupthecomputer'sharddisk.Dreamsorganizetheeventsoftheday intofoldersanddeletewhatisnotneeded.Butweallknowthatverylittleofwhatwedream isconcernedwithwhathappenedtousthatday.PART2LITENINGCOMPREHENSION1-10ABCADACAAD11-20DCADBBBDAC。

2013英语专业四级真题语法、完型填空题及解析【完形填空原文】Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: Without it, it would not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us；nor the workers in government offices who look after our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves；nor the ministers and members of parliament(国会) who govern the country for us. By means of taxation, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat.But everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about how taxation should be arranged. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is preferred, should everything be taxed equally?In most countries, a direct tax on persons, which is called income tax, exists. It is arranged in such a way that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayer’s income grows. In England, for example, the tax on the richest people goes up as high as ninety-five percent!But countries with direct taxation nearly always have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties”. Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops who really have to pay the duties, in the form of higher prices. In some countries, too, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is collected, but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is got but the tax is fairer, as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement.【语法题真题及解析】51. Facing the board of directors,he didn'tdeny __________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD.its解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。

2013专四语法词汇分类练习（有详解）非谓语动词：1. No one can understand __________a decision until it is too late to do so.A.him to postpone to makeB.him to postpone makingC.his postponing to makeD.his postponing making【D】本题测试动词的非谓语形式。

由题句得知understand后应跟动名词（短语）作宾语，故排除A、B项。

选择项中postpone（推迟）要求后跟动名词作宾语，因此D为正确选项。

2.This crop has similar qualities to the previous one, __________both wind-resistant and adapted to the same type of soil.A.beingB.beenC.to beD.having been【A】测试非谓语动词的用法。

A) being的逻辑主语是this crop, 分词在句中作状语。

[译文]这种农作物和先前的那种农作物特性相似，抗倒伏，并且适应同类土壤。

3. __________as the most outstanding student on the campus made her parents very happy.A.Mary's choosingB.Mary being chosenC.Mary's being chosenD.Mary having been chosen【C】本题考点为非谓语动词前加物主代词或名词所有格构成。

本句中名词所有格是Mary's。

另外，因为动名词逻辑上的主语Mary是动作chose的承受者，所以须用被动语态，正确答案为C项。

4. __________from the sky, the park looks very beautiful.A.SeeingB.SeeC.To seeD.Seen【D】独立主格成分。

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)— GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 15 MINThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn‟t deny ________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) ______.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)? ______. A. Nonsmoker. B. Deadline. C. Meanness. D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? ______.A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o‟clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nounsEXCEPT ______. A. moreB. enough.C. many. D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST? ______.A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you‟ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)? ______.A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week.C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT? ______.A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship? ______.A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive? ______.A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? ______.A.Let me drive you home, shall I? CYou will mind your own business!e and have dinner with us.D I wish you could stay behind. …63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact? ______.A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C. It‟s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______. A. remain. B. turn. C. write. D. knock.66. ____ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. Adhering B Adopting CAdjusting D. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined partmeans _________. A. dull B. boring C. long D. hard68. At last night‟s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlinedpart means ________.A. I was unable to do C. I was unable to stopB. I couldn‟t understand D. I couldn‟t tolerate69. The couple ______their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did for B did in Cdid with D. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ____ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother‟s promise. The underlined partmeans _________. A. as far as one has learnt B. as far as one is concerned C. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. Theunderlined part means ________. A. limited B. unnecessary C. overdue D. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident.The underlined part means _________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ________ all the babies in the area. A. handle B. produce C. deliver D. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. street77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means _________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION 25 MINIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers m arked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply i ntroducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met inCopenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals u sed inspiring speeches to preparethe troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expre ssed in a meaningful and interesting way.（流行病）announced, the idea of “swine flu” many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people t o keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribu tion can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson,after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to liv e on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of o ur own lives.If you‟re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness ofyour argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话） before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the other s about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might beasked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hardto perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to pract ice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because ______.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking? _____A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT ______.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on ______ “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage? ______.A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headpho ne. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairli ft, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wante d to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while sn owboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn‟t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get thebusiness off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a（抵押贷款） on the house? She said, …What is the worst thing that can happen? Welose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.‟ I definitely married the rightwoman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your produc t till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE ( For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back a nything we didn‟t sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It‟d kill us to take back all the productsAlden‟s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores andtripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren‟tgadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod ---that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you‟re just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Al den ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he ______.A. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed for ______.A. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem? ______.A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores? ______.A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as ______.A. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. Ilaughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with abrilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone, my savings weregone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff‟s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I'veread many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish Icould say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered atTaj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could haveyour money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it,would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losin g our money had cracked me wide open. I‟d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused o n the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn‟t satisfy me, because I wasn‟t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if s omeone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, andthey didn‟t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability beingripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said,I‟d started to get complacent. It‟s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy（萎缩）. Now they‟re awake, alive—and I don‟t want to go back.”Theseweren‟tjust empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone‟s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they we re going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj‟s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93. According to the passage, to which was she “forced to pay attention”?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C. Her lost savings.D. Her experience.94. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation. D Her friends were more optimistic than she.95. What is the message of the passage?A. Desire for money is human nature.B. One has to be decisive during crises.C. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.D. It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.TEXT DIn the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torrents of passion flowing through y ou. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins.These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can‟t change your behaviour by simply resolving to do something. Knowin g what to do is not the same as being able to do it.Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It's more like a muscle, which tires easily. Moreo ver, you're a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, you‟ll probably do so, too.The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, weknow that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is notsimple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.Much of our behaviour, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers atDuke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed byhabit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits—cue, routine, reward.You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor atnight, that'll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don‟t try to ignore your afternoon snackcraving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.Their research thus implies a different character model, which is supposed to manipulatethe neural（神经系统的）networks inside.To be an effective person, under this model, you are supposed to coolly examine yourown unconscious habits, and the habits of those under your care. You are supposed to devisestrategies to alter the cues and routines. Every relationship becomes slightly manipulative, including your relationship with you rself. You're trying to arouse certain responses by implanting certain cues.This is a bit disturbing, because the important habitual neural networks are not formedby mere routine, nor can they be reversed by clever cues. They are burned in by emotion andstrengthened by strong yearnings, like the yearnings for admiration and righteousness. If you think you can change your life in a clever way, the way an advertiser can get you to buy an air freshener, you're probably wrong. As the Victorians understood, if yo u want to change your life, don‟t just look for a clever cue. Commit to some larger global belief.96. Which of the following is a key element in the 19th-century character model?A. Passion.B. Action.C. Capability.D. Determination.97. The 19th-century model supposedly does not work because ______.A. there were many other factors beyond one's control.B. it has worked unsatisfactorily most of the time.C. the comparison of free will to a dam is groundless.D. what one wishes to do should be considered carefully.98. What is the main implication of the research at Duke University?A. Habit is key to one's behavior.B. One's behavior is difficult to change.C. Both habit and will power are important.D. Habit has an unidentified structure.99. According to the new character model, personal behavior could be altered through ______.A. cues to stop all the former unconscious habits.B. cues to manipulate the habitual neural responses.C. techniques to devise different physical cues.D. techniques to supplement old routines.100. We learn from the passage that the new character model ______.A. stresses the neural and psychological aspects of habit change.B. can bring about changes in one's life like what advertisers do.C. has been used to change behaviour successfully.D. deals better with emotional aspects of behaviour.PART VI WRITINGSECTION A COMPOSITION 45 MINMost of us, as students, are careful with our money in daily life: we collect all kinds of coupons;we look for group-buy deals if we eat out or travel; we don't buy clothes unless in a sale. However, some people think that all thi s may not make us smart consumers. What is your opinion?Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words. Y ou are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.In the second part, provide one or two reasons or your experience (s) to support your opinion.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.You should supply an appropriate title for your composition.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness.SECTION B NOTE-WRITING [10 MIN] Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:Your former high-school classmate (Mathew or Grace) is coming to visit you in the dorm. But, you have got something urgent to do and thus cannot wait for him/her there. Leave a note on the door, expressing your apology and telling him/her how to find yo u. You must make clear where you are in the note.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness.附：【答案详解】PART 1 DictationWhat is a dream for?One theory is that we dream to release the deep secret desires. We don't express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society. Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can't solve in real life. We go to sleep with the problem and wake up with the solution. This maybe a way to use our dreams rather than a purpose of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important, then analyzing them may help you to focus on the problem and help you to find the solution. The modern image is that the dreams are the brains' wave of cleaning up the computer's hard disk. Dreams organize the events of the day into folders and delete what is not needed. But we all know that very little of what we dream is concerned with what happened to us that day.PART 2 LITENING COMPREHENSION 1-10 ABCAD ACAAD11-20 DCADB BBDAC21-30 DBADB CBBCA PART 3 CLOZE 31-40 DACBD CBACB41-50 DCADB BCDBBPART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY51. Facing the board of directors,he didn't deny __________ breaking the agreement. A. him B. it C. his D. its解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。

这是完型的原文自己找空吧Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a mode rn state . Without it, it would be impossible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; nor the workers in government offices who look after our health, our fo od supplies and our water, and who do all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves; nor also the persons who govern the country for us. By means of taxati on, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live a nd something to eat.Though everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different i deas about how taxation should be arrange d. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be a tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should eve ryone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is u sed, should everything be taxed equally?In most countries, a direct tax on persons, called an income tax , is used. It is arr ange d in such a wa y that the poor people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayer 's income grows.Countries with direct taxation nearly always have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country are taxed . Of course, it is the people who buy these im ported things who really have to pay the duties , in the form of higher prices. In s ome countries, there is also a tax on things produced in the country itself. If the m ost necessary things are taxed , a lot of money is collected,but the poor people s uffer the most. If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed , less mo ney is collected, but the tax is fair er because the rich pay it.Probably this kind of indirect taxation, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement .单选复制的某老师微博66. ______ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting解析：这题没啥好说的，适应学校生活adjust to school life，选C。

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)PART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A CONVERSATIONSQuestions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. According to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings〞 could beA. presents.B. fruitsC. sauceD. meat2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCECTA. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meatD. carrots3. Why did Helen come to Rob’s house?A. She wanted to talk to Bob.B. She had come to help Bob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the clubA. mainly organize language activities.B. accepts members from local students.C. has been set up for a long time.D. is increasing its membership.6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German onA. Wednesday.B. Tuesday.C. Monday.D. Friday.7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPTA. prospective.B. useful.C. important.D. tiring.10. We learn from the conversation that the womanA. works better at job fairs.B. prefers honest people.C. often works on her own.D. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.11. According to today’s weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountain.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D.Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 2014. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions a bout everybody’s access to technological advances. The main reason isA. illiteracy.B. poverty.C. food shortage.D. ignorance.16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPTA. giving everyone a radio or TV.B. starting to carry out the scheme in ten years.C. offering internet service to more people.D. providing more job opportunities.17. What could be topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.18. People in Latin America wear something ______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year’s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one’s own New Year’s tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 to 22 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about ______ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 to 24 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 to 26 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPTA. alcohol abuse.B. smoking.C. depression.D. schizophrenia.26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Questions 27 to 28 are based on the following news. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because theyA. had only covered cargo plane pilots.B. had failed to cover all the pilots.C. would be put into effect in two years.D. would be too costly if implemented.Questions 29 to 30 are based on the following news. At the end of each newsitem, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge〞 mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART 3 CLOZE 15 MINEveryone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern sta te: without it, it (31) _____ not be possible to pay the sold iers and policemen who protect us; (32) _____ the workers in g overnment offices who (33) _____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (34) _____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35) ___ __ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36)_____ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different pe ople have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arrang ed.In most countries, a direct tax on (38) _____, which is called income tax, (39) _____. It is arranged in such (40)______ tha t the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax gr ows (41) ____ as the taxpayer's income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (42)______ as high as ninety-five per cent! (43) _____ countries with taxation ne arly (44) _____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties.〞Of course, i t is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45)______ really have to pay the duties, in the (46) ____ __ of higher prices. In some countries, (47) _____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48) ____ but the poor peopl e suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)___ jewels and fur c oats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (50) _ _____ as the rich pay it.Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich , is the best arrangement.31. A. can B. may C. could D. would32. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not33.A. look into B. look over C. look over D. look through34.A. In accordance with B. By means of C. With reference to D. On account of 35. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as36. A. if B. when C. though D. as37. A. when B. how C. why D. which38. A. personst B. sectors C. communities D. classes39.A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens40.A. form B. way C. measure D. method41. A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger42. A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up43. A. But B. Consequently C. Similarly D. And44.A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always45. A. which B. who C. what D. whom46. A. manner B. form C. means D. way47.A. either B. also C. too D. often48. A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected49. A. alike B. like C. as D. for50.A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. betterPART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 15 MINThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choos e one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn‟t deny ________ break ing the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) ______.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)? ______.A. Nonsmoker.B. Deadline.C. Meanness.D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? _ _____.A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro .C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic l ights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Fr iday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enough.C. many.D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST? ______.A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you‟ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitut e(名词替代词)? ______.A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week.C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?______.A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship? ______.A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositi ve? ______.A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urg e to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really no thing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? ______ .A.Let me drive you home, shall I?B.You will mind your own business!e and have dinner with us.D.I wish you could stay behind. ‘63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact? ______.A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C. It‟s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remain.B. turn.C. write.D. knock.66. ____ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A.AdheringB. AdoptingC.AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means _________.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night‟s party Larry said something that I though wa s beyond me. The underlined part means ________.A. I was unable to do C. I was unable to stopB. I couldn’t understand D. I couldn’t tolerate69. The couple ______their old house and sold it for a vast pro fit.A. did forB. did inC.did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ____ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother‟s promise. The underlined part means _________.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite ca re over her work. Theunderlined part means ________.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means _________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ________ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ________A. proposition B. advertisement C. building D. street77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ________ of cold air sw ept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means _________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION 25 MINIn this section there are four passages followed by questions o r unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 ye ars ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, , blogs and chat foru ms offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading o r inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply i ntroducing someone or something or accepting something. Over th e past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met inCopenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselve s to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare t he troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inf orm us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way.〔流行病〕announced, the idea of “swine flu〞many people. Informative spee ches from World Health Organization officials helped people to k eep their panic under control so they could take sensible precaut ions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for the ir contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Micha el Jackson,after his death, highlighted the fact that he will con tinue to live on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an imp ortant role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.If you‟re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the lis teners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk〔鼓舞士气的讲话〕before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be as ked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the oth ers about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comfor ting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a famil y event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Bar ack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To lear n those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstandi ng speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable beca use ______.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking? _____A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to w orld problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in time s of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by sen ior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT _ _____.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best expla ins the author's view on ______ “great speaking ability〞?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage? ______.A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sol d two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone.“I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,〞he explains. Then I'm in a c hairlift, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I t hink, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plu gs, one for music and one for your cell phone.〞Alden describ ed what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outs ourced〔外包〕manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snow boarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big r esearch effort,〞he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!〞Alden didn‟t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a〔抵押贷款〕on the house? She said, …What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start a ll over again.‟I definitely married the right woman!〞For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payme nts to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product ti ll they get paid,〞he says. “But it takes four or five mont hs to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.〞Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back an ything we didn’t sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. I t’d kill us to take back all the productsAlden‟s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone s eller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren’t gad gets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,〞he say s, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod ---tha t was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you’re justlike everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cra nial real estate and are highly visible.〞Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, af ter Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ev er imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone bec ause he ______.A. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed for ______.A. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem? ______.A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores? ______ .A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as ______.A. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch w hen my friend Taj called. “Sit down,〞she said. I tho ught she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.〞But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retireme nt saving in a “safe〞fund with a brilliant financial guru〔金融大亨〕.When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breath ing.Since Bernie Madoff‟s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I'veread many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call〞, but I did not.On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As w e were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you couldhave your money back right now, but it would mean giving up w hat you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?〞My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just wan t the money back.〞I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew th at losing our money had cracked me wide open. I’d been walkin g around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always foc used on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it d idn’t satisfy me, because I wasn’t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the mone y back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn’t think it would hav e become apparent without the ground of financial stability bein gripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said,I’d started to get complacent. It’s as i f the muscles of my heart started to atroph〔萎缩〕. Now they‟re awake, alive—and I don‟t want to go back.〞Theseweren’tjust empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that sh e was moving into someone’s garage apartment in three weeks. T hree friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj‟s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93. According to the passage, to which was she “forced to pay attention〞?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C. Her lost savings.D. Her experience.94. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her frie nds?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation.D Her friends were more optimistic than she.。

【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--听写部分参考答案】What is a dream for?One theory is that we dream to release the deep, secret desires. We do not express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society. Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can't solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the solution. This may be a way to use our dreams rather than a purpose of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important, then analyzing them may help you to focus on the problem and help you to find the solution. The modern image is that dreams are the brain's way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk. Dreams organize the events of the day into folders and delete what is not needed. But we all know that very little of what we dream is concerned with what happened to us that day.【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--语法部分】51. Facing the board of directors, he didn’t deny __________ breaking t he agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。

2013年4月20日英语专业四级TEM4真题及答案(含部分解析)TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONL Y. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. Accordi ng to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” could be _______.A. presentsB. fruitsC. sauceD. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPT _______.A. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meatD. carrots.3. Why did Helen come to Rob?s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to help Rob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interested in cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comer and felt lonely.C. She wanted to learn a new language.D. She was interested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the club _______.A. mainly organizes language activitiesB. accepts members from local studentsC. has been set up for a long timeD. is increasing its membership6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German on _______.A. WednesdayB. TuesdayC. MondayD. Friday7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to call him again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pick up a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewing skills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attending job fairs EXCEPT _______.A. prospectiveB. usefulC. importantD. tiring10. We learn from the conversation that the woman _______.A. works better at job fairsB. prefers honest peopleC. often works on her ownD. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody?s access to technological advances. The main reason is _______.A. illiteracyB. povertyC. food shortageD. ignorance16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPT _______.A. giving everyone a radio or TVB. starting to carry out the scheme in ten yearsC. offering internet service to more peopleD. providing more job opportunities17. What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and the developing world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18. People in Latin America wear something _______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year?s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year?s tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about _______ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPT _______.A. alcohol abuseB. smokingC. depressionD. schizophrenia26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because they _______.A. had only covered cargo plane pilotsB. had failed to cover all the pilotsC. would be put into effect in two yearsD. would be too costly if implementedQuestions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: Without it, it (31)____ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32)____ the workers in government offices who (33)____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves; nor the ministers and members of parliament(国会) who govern the country for us.(34)____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35)____ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36)____ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arranged. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is preferred, should everything be taxed equally? In most countries, a direct tax on (38)____, which is called income tax, (39)____. It is arranged in such a (40)____ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows(41)____ as the taxpayer?s income grows. In England, for example, the tax on the richest people(42)____ as high as ninety-five percent! (43)____ countries with direct taxation nearly (44)____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties”. Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45)____ really have to pay the duties, in the (46)____ of higher prices. In some countries, (47)____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48)____, but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)____ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is got but the tax is (50)____, as the rich pay it.31. A. can B. may C. could D. would32. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not33. A. look into B. look over C. look after D. look through34. A. In accordance to B. By means of C. With reference to D. On account of35. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as36. A. if B. when C. though D. as37. A. when B. how C. why D. which38. A. persons B. sectors C. communities D. classes39. A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens40. A. form B. way C. measure D. method41. A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger42. A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up43. A. But B. Consequently C. Similarly D. And44. A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always45. A. which B. who C. what D. whom46. A. manner B. form C. means D. why47. A. either B. also C. too D. often48. A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected49. A. alike B. like C. as D. for50. A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. betterPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn't deny ______ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions as a(n) ______.A. appositive(同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)A. NonsmokerB. DeadlineC. MeannessD. Misfit54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o?clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enoughC. manyD. such56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you'll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don?t like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)A. MuchB. NeitherC. OneD. Quarter58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business.C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must give poor results.C. It's getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remainB. turnC. writeD. knock66. ______ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined part means ______.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night's party Larry said something that I thought was beyond me. The underlined part means ______.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn't understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn't tolerate69. The couple ______ their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ______ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother's promise. The underlined part means ______.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ______ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ______.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means ______.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ______ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ______.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ______ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ______ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ______ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means ______.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.TEXT ASaying “thank you” is probably the first thing most of us learn to do in a foreign language. After all, we're brought up to be polite, and it is important to make a good impression upon other people —especially across national divides. The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a great speech. The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time. Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in 5 December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle. A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic 流行病 was announced, the idea of “swine flu” 猪流感scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions. Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music. It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives. If you?re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk 鼓舞士气的讲话 before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance. On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh. Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because _____.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is IN CORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83.Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT _____.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skull candy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift 索道 , I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced 外包 manufacturing overseas. Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!” Alden didn't want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a m ortgage 抵押贷款 on the house? She said, ?What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.? I definitely married the right woman!” For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments t o his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.” Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn't sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It'd kill us to take back all the products.” Alden's fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year . His key insight was that headphones weren't gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you're just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial realestate and are highly visible.” Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he _____.A. was no longer in snowboarding businessB. had no other business opportunitiesC. was very fond of modern musicD. saw an inconvenience among mobile users87. The new headphone was originally designed for _____.A. snowboardersB. motorcyclistsC. mountain hikersD. marathon runners88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as _____.A. a sign of self-confidenceB. a symbol of statusC. part of fashionD. a kind of deviceTEXT C“I'm a little worried about my future,” said Dustin Hoffman in The Graduate. He should be so lucky. All he had to worry about was whether to have an affair with Mrs Robinson. In the sixties, that was the sum total of post-graduation anxiety syndrome. I was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.” But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru 金融大亨 .When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing. Since Bernie Madoff?s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I've read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not. On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?” My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our mon ey had cracked me wide open. I?d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn't satisfy me, because I wasn't really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down. But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn't think it would have become apparent without the。

英语专四词汇语法模拟练习及答案解析2013年英语专四词汇语法模拟练习及答案解析(1)1. What seems confusing and fragmented at first might well become____a third time.A. notable and systematicB. clear and organicC. clean and measurableD. pure and wholesome2. They failed to pass the exam last time; I regretted ____.A. to be not able to helpB. being unable to helpC. being not able to helpingD. not be able to help3. At a press conference after the Oscar Award ceremony, the 18-year-old girl spoke in a barely____ voice.A. identicalB. legibleC. optionalD. audible4. All ____is a continuous supply of fuel oil.A. what is neededB. that is neededC. the thing neededD. for their needs5. Today dozens of scientific group in different countries have been____the goal of a practical and economic way to use sunlight to split water molecules.A. reachingB. winningC. chasingD. pursuing6. You said the books were on the desk, but ____there.A. there was no oneB. there were noneC. there were no onesD. was none7. Before the project was started, we asked the designer to give us an ____of the cost of building such a museum.A. estimateB. evaluationC. assessmentD. announcement8. From the top of the building, we can see the bridge____construction.A. byB. inC. underD. below9. “When did Gertrude finally get to the theatre?”“Just before the end of ____.”A. the act secondB. act secondC. Act TwoD. the act two10. Though he views himself as a realist, Michael says that his findings make him very ____about future.A. optimisticB. objectiveC. precautiousD. sympathetic11. “Have you flown very much?”“As a matter of fact, this trip is ____.”A. my firstB. the first to meC. the first one of mineD. my one to be the first12. In Boston, as in the rest of the United States, ____ schooling begins at age 5 and ends at 16.A. oblidgedB. compulsoryC. compellingD. forced13. “Let’s take a walk before we start to study.”“Oh, I think it’s ____ for walking.”A. much too hotB. very much hotC. too much heatD. very much heat14. China started its space industry only in recent years, and should ____ no time in catching up.A. delayB. lagC. lessenD. lose15. It’s quite late now and Mr. White____hasn’t left his office.A. stillB. alreadyC. sinceD. yet参考答案1. 答案 B【参考译⽂】⼀些初看既令⼈困惑⼜零零碎碎的事物经过再三思量会变得清晰⽽系统。

Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write ashort essay entitled The Traffic Jam following the outline given below. Youshould write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.1．⼤城市的交通拥堵问题2．产⽣交通拥堵的原因3．⼀些可能的解决办法Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over thepassage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1 -7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Bad behavior incockpit has proven deadlyTerrifying incidents of bad pilot behavior like a JetBlue pilot'smeltdown this week are not unprecedented in the history of commercial aviationand have sometimes caused deadly crashes.Nevertheless, the list of incidents resulting from unprofessionalpilot behavior over a 50-year history and millions of flights show that"it's a very rare thing," says aviation safety expert Aaron Gellmanof the KelloggSchool of Management at Northwestern University. "And evenwith what's happened in the past, it's the safest mode of transportation byfar."Tuesday's JetBlue incident, where the FBI alleges captain Clayton Ｏsbon started Speaking nonsense tohis first officer and was later tackled and restrained by passengers, isextremely unusual. But airline procedures, which require two pilots and lockedcockpit (驾驶座舱)doors, protected the public, Gellmansays.Some previous incidents of bad behavior by pilots have been fatal,showing that airline procedures cannot save lives when pilots choose to ignorethem.On Feb. 12, 2009, Colgan Air Flight 3407 iced up and crashed inBuffalo, N.Y., after a series of mistakes by tired pilots, according to theNational Transportation Safety Board. Both the captain and first officer had traveledfor hours before taking controls of the plane in Newark, and the young firstofficer, Rebecca Lynne Shaw, was heard on the flight recorder saying she hadlittle experience dealing with icy conditions. When ice caused the flight tostall(失速)，captain Marvin Renslow erred and made the stall worse, crashing theplane and killing 50 people,according to the NTSB. The board also concludedthat Shaw and Renslow had been chitchatting in the cockpit."They weren't properly trained and weren't able to handle thesituation," Gellman says.In 2008, an Air Canada co-pilot was forcibly removed from aToronto-to-London flight, restrained andsedated(给服镇静剂)after having a mental breakdown andspeaking to God while behind the controls at 30,000 feet. The plane landed safelyin Ireland.Ｏn Oct. 31, 1999, Egypt Air Flight 990 crashed into the AtlanticOcean off the Massachusetts coast due,according to the NTSB, to the deliberateaction of first officer Gameel Al-Batouti. The Boeing 767 crashed with dozensof Egyptian military officers aboard who were returning from helicopter flighttraining in the USA at a time when the Egyptian government was at war withradical Islamists. Al-Batouti, an Islamist sympathizer, "wanted to get ridof the helicopter pilots and crashed the airplane," Gellman says.Ｏn Oct. 14, 2004, two pilots taking an empty airliner from LittleRock, Ark., to Minneapolis decided to explore the limits of their PinnacleAirlines plane. Captain Jesse Rhodes and first officer Peter Cesarz took the planeto 41,000, the maximum approved altitude for the plane, and then failed tofollow proper procedure when the plane stalled and the engines shut down,according to the NTSB; After trying unsuccessfully to restart the engines whilegliding, they crashed behind several homes 2.5 miles from an airport. Bothcrewmembers were killed.A 1956 mid-air collision that investigators blamed on pilotstrying to give passengers better views of the Grand Canyon resulted in arevamping(改写)of the role of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in patrollingthe airways.The pilots were maneuvering around cloud formations over thecanyon and collided, killing 128 people."It was a watershed(分⽔岭) event because it changed thewhole approach to air traffic control," Gellman says. Congress reacted byincreasing funding for the FAA, giving it the capability to monitor aircraft"in the airways not just in the terminal," Gellmansays.Investigations of deadly accidents over the years have resulted insafety procedures, such as requiring two pilots and locking cockpit doors,which helped preserve lives in the JetBlue incident, Gellman says."Even if the captain had insisted on making trouble in thecockpit, I think the first officer would have been able to handle it,"Gellman says. "That's why we have two people in there."Dave Funk, a retired Northwest Airlines captain now an aviationconsultant with Laird & Associates, says the JetBlue flight might have beensaved by the co-pilot, who barred an incapacitated (不胜任的 ) Ｏsbonfrom the cockpit. "The first officer recognized the gravity of thesituation and solved the problem," Funk says.The co-pilot's quick thinking on that flight is analogous tocaptain "Sully" Sullenberger landing a US　Airways flight on New York'sHudson River with no lives lost, Funk says. "We gave him a bunch of brokeneggs.He made scrambled eggs. He didn't make eggs over medium. "Funk says pilots today face more worries than they did years ago,when airlines like TWA and now-defunct　Pan Am projected an image of employees who have"this wonderful life, have great benefits, fly around the world,fall inlove, all in their 20s. "Instead, he says, pilots today are dealing with "the crappyeconomy, the political fights each day. Is Washington going to get attacked?That's going to create stress. "Pilots, in particular, have to deal with alot more stresses in their job because of the intense security situation,Funksays."It's the greatest job in the world when you get to the endof the runway," Funk says. "All the crap you have　to get through to make it to therunway doesn't make it worth it to a lot of us anymore."1. Tuesday's JetBlue incident is __________.A) an incident of unprofessional pilot behaviorB) the major cause of a plane crashC) an example showing that the air travel is still the safest modeof transportation by farD) an example showing how the airline　procedures protect the public2. Why does Aaron Gellman think air travel is　still the safest mode oftransportation by far?A) There have been hardly any incident resulting from unprofessionalbehavior.B) Cases like the JetBlue incident arer are.C) Pilots always emphasize the safety of the public.D) The first officer is always there to help the captain.3. The immediate cause of the crash of Colgan Air Flight 3407is __________.A) the captain was chitchatting with the first officerB) thc young first officer had little experience dealing with icyconditionsC) both the captain and the first officer were quite tired after along-time journeyD) the captain Marvin Renslow's mistaken operation4. What do captain Clayton Osbon and a co-pilot of Air Canadahave in common?A) They are both experienced pilots.B) They are both Christians.C) They both had a mental problem during the flying mission.D) They both have to take responsibility for their misdeeds.5. According to this passage, who deliberately crashed anairplane?A) Jesse Rhodes and Peter Cesarz.C) Gameel A1-Batouti.B) Dave Funk.D) Clayton Osbon.6. What was regarded as a watershed event?A) A 1956 mid-air collision.B) The JetBtue incident.C) Two pilots trying to explore the limits of their plane.D) An Egyptian plane crashing into the Atlantic Ocean.7. Requiting two pilots is an important safety measurebecause __________.A) two pilots can oversee each other during the flightB) two pilots can take turns flying the planeC) when one is sick, the other will be able to take his/her placeD) they help prevent deadly accidents8. The JetBlue flight was to some extent saved by theco-pilot because he recognizedand solved the problem.9. Years ago, people admired the pilots who worked forairlines such as__________since it seemed that they earned a lot of money,could travel around the world and fell in love early.10.Pilots nowadays have to deal with a lot more stresses thanbefore becauseof __________.</P><P>Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversationsand 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or morequestions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), anddecide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.</P> <P>点击播放听⼒：</P><P>下载听⼒mp3</P><P>11. A) The team has to travel far for every game.B) The new coach has been very effective.C) The new coach knows the team very well.D) The team shouldn't recruit any more players.12. A) The concert was very well attended.B) The crowd didn't understand the music.C) The only good seats were near the right aisle.D) Not many people went on such a cloudy night.13. A) She doesn't understand it either.B) She can't see the writing on the board.C) She thinks the room is too dark.D) She didn'.t really notice the mark.1.4. A) She gave a lecture to the psychology class.B) She advised the man to see a psychologist.C) She persuaded the man not to take the course.D) She convinced the man to apply to graduate school.15. A) It is not very good.B) It will be held the following week.C) The woman probably won't attend it.D) There will be two seminars instead of four.16. A) She doesn't understand how Judy got her job.B) She's surprised Judy is working in management.C) She thinks Judy should not have taken a computer course.D) She wonders how Judy does so many things.17. A) Get out of the car.B) Pay the parking fine.C) Take his coat off.D) Make a tight turn.18. A) It's hard to know what to believe about it.B) He doesn't believe it's hard for everybody.C) It's even harder than people say.D) It's not as hard as he'd thought.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have justheard.19. A) Speed limits were the same in all areas.B) She had told him what Iris speed was.C) There were signs along the road.D) He had just received his driving license.20. A) He was on his way to work.B) His speedometer wasn't working.C) He lived on Fleet Street.D) He didn't realize he was speeding.21. A) She took away the man's license.B) She gave the man a warning.C) She gave the man a speeding ticket.D) She asked the man to become more familiar with the area. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have justheard.22. A) A popular television program.B) A breakthrough in technology.C) A recent purchase.D) A new electronics store.23. A) Because the old one didn't work well.B) Because the new TV set was on sale.C) Because he had moved into a bigger house.D) Because he wanted to surprise the woman.24. A) She would prefer a more expensive model.B) She' s confused by the remote controls.C) She's eager to use it.D) She thinks it unwise to buy it.25. A) Research what television is best for him.B) Ask for a cheaper price on the television.C) Try a different store.D) Be satisfied with what he has.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. Atthe end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose thebest answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) She buys many clothes.B) She buys a lot of chocolate.C) She eats a lot of things.D) She sleeps a great deal.27. A) Problems with the teachers.B) Pro b l e m s w i t h f a m i l y m e m b e r s o r f r i e n d s . / p > p > C ) P r o b l e m s w i t h c l a s s m a t e s ' m a k i n g f u n o f h e r . / p > p > D ) P r o b l e m s w i t h a p a r t - t i m e j o b . / p > p > 2 8 . A ) S u b s t i t u t i n g w a t e r w i t h d i e t c o k e . / p > p > B ) T a l k i n g t o s o m e o n e o v e r t h e p h o n e . / p > p > C ) P l a y i n g a v i d e o g a m e . / p > p > D ) D r i n k i n g e x t r a t e a . / p > p > P a s s a g e T w o / p > p > Q u e s t i o n s 2 9 t o 3 1 a r e b a s e d o n t h e p a s s a g e y o u h a v e j u s t h e a r d . / p > p > 2 9 . A ) A m e r i c a n I n d i a n s a n d c o r n . / p > p > B ) T h e p l a n t i n g t e c h n i q u e s o f c o r n . / p > p > C ) T h e j o y o f h a r v e s t . / p > p > D ) V a r i o u s w a y s t o p r e p a r e c o r n . / p > p > 3 0 . A ) I t w a s f i r s t b o i l e d a n d t h e n d r i e d . / p > p > B ) I t w a s b r a i d e d i n b u n d l e s a n d s t e a m e d . / p > p > C ) I t w a s d r i e d a n d t h e n g r o u n d i n t o f l o u r . / p > p > D ) I t w a s r o a s t e d a n d w r a p p e d i n h u s k s . / p > p > 31 . A ) T h e y b r a i d e d t h e m w i t h a n i m a l h a i r f o r c l o t h i n g . / p > p > B ) T h e y b u n d l e d t h e m t o g e t h e rf o r f u e l . / p > p > C ) T h e y u s e d t h e m t o i n s u l a t e t h e i r h o m e s . / p > p > D ) T h e y m a d e v a r i o u s i t e m s w i t h t h e m . / p > p > P a s s ag e Th r e e / p > p > Q u e s ti o n s 3 2 t o 3 5 a r e b a s e d o n t h e p a s s a g e y o u h a v ej u s t h e a r d . / p > p > 3 2 . A ) T h e s t r e n g t h o f i t s s h i p b u i l d i n g i n d u s t r y . / p > p > B ) T h e p h y s i c a l f e a t u r e s o f t h e r i v e r i t s e l f . / p > p > C ) T h e a b u n d a n c e o f f r u i t , v e g e t a b l e s , a n d l i v e s t o ck . / p > p > D ) T h e s i m il a r i t y o f i t s c l im a t e t o t h a t in E u rop e . / p > p > 3 3 . A ) T h e m a r e n o r a p i d s o r w a t e r f a l l s . / p > p > B ) T h e r e i s a c o n s t a n t , s t r o n g w i n d . / p > p > C ) N a v i g a t i o n i s r a t h e r d i f f i c u l t . / p > p > D ) F r eq u e n t s t or ms c a u s e p r o b l e m s f o r r i v e r b o at s . / p > p > 3 4 . A ) B i g w a v e s p o s e a t h r e a t t o c o m m e r c i a l n a v i g a t i o n . / p > p > B ) T h e r i v e r cu r r e n t n ev e r f l ow s f a s t e r t h a n t e n m i l e s p e r h ou r . / p > p > C ) T h e r i v e r r e v e r s e s i t s f l o w s e v e r a l t i m e s a d a y . / p > p > D ) H i g h t i d e s c a n c r e a t e s u d d e n a n d u n e x p e c t e d r a p i d s . / p > p > 3 5 . A ) T o a l l o w s e v e r a l s a i l s t o b e r i g g e d . / p > p > B ) T o c a t c h w i n d s c o m i n g f r o m o v e r t h e h i l l s . / p > p > C ) T o a d d t o t h e b e a u t y o f t h e b a s i c d e s i g n . / p > p > D ) T o a l l o w t h e s a i l s t o b e r a i s e d m o r e q u i c k l y . / p > p > S e c t i o n C / p > p > D i r e c t i o n s : I n t h i s s e c t i o n , y o u w i l l h e a r a p a s s a g e t h r e e t i m e s . W h e n t h e p a s s a g e i s r e a d f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e , y o u s h o u l d l i s t e n c a r e f u l l y f o r i t s g e n e r a l i d e a . W h e n t h e p a s s a g e i s r e a d f o r t h e s e c o n d t i m e , y o u a r e r e q u i r e d t o f i l l i n t h e b l a n k s n u m b e r e d f r o m 3 6 t o 4 3 w i t h t h e e x a c t w o r d s y o u h a v e j u s t h e a r d . F o r b l a n k s n u m b e r e d f r o m 4 4 t o 4 6 y o u a r e r e q u i r e d t o f i l l i n t h e m i s s i n g i n f o r m a t i o n . F o r t h e s e b l a n k s , y o u c a n e i t h e r u s e t h e e x a c t w o r d s y o u h a v e j u s t h e a r d o r w r i t e d o w n t h e m a i n p o i n t s i n y o u r o w n w o r d s . F i n a l l y , w h e n t h e p a s s a g e i s r e a d f o r t h e t h i r d t i m e , y o u s h o u l d c h e c k w h a t y o u h a v e w r i t t e n . / p > p > F a s t f o o d , f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e e v e r , n o w m a k e s u p m o r e t h a n h a l f o f a l l t h e m e a l s e a t e n o u t s i d e o f t h e h o m e i n t h e U n i t e d K i n g d o m . / p > p > T h e r e c e s s i o n , a n d t h e s u b s e q u e n t s q u e e z e o n ( 3 6 ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . i n c o m e , h a s e n c o u r a g e d m i l l i o n s o f f a m i l i e s t o c u t b a c k o n s p e n d i n g o n ( 3 7 ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . , e s p e c i a l l y o n m e a l s i n r e s t a u r a n t s . T h i s h a s e n c o u r a g e d m a n y t o ( 3 8 ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . d o w n t o c h e a p e r m e a l s , e s p e c i a l l y b u r g e r s a n d f r i e d c h i c k e n . / p > p > A c c o r d i n g t o N P D , t h e m a r k e t r e s e a r c h c o m p a n y w h i c h ( 3 9 ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . c o n s u m e r s p e n d i n g , 5 . 5 4 b i l l i o n v i s i t s w e r e m a d e t o a f a s t f o o d ( 4 0 ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . i n t h e y e a r 2 0 1 1 , o u t o f t h e 1 1 b i l l i o n m e a l s e a t e n i n ( 4 1 ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . o u t o f t h e h o m e - - b e i t a t a w o r k ( 4 2 ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , r e s t a u r a n t , p u b o r s a n d w i c h s h o p . / p > p > T h i s m e a n s t h a t5 0 . 4 p e r c e n t o f a l l ( 4 3 ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . e a t e n o u t o f t h e h o m e a r e n o w a t a s o - c a l l e d q u i c k s e r vi c e r e s t a u r a n t , u p f r o m 4 7 . 3 p e r c e n t j u s t t w o y e a r s a g o . T h e t e r m " q u i c k s e r v i c e r e s t a u r a n t " ( 4 4 ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . s o t h i s d o e s i n c l u d e c o f f e e s h o p s . / p > p > G u y F i e l d i n g a t N P D s a i d : " I t ' s a l o t a b o u t t r a d i n g d o w n . B e c a u s e f a s t &n b s p ; f o o d h a s b e c o m e s o c h e a p , ( 4 5 ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . " F a m i l i e s w a n t t o k n o w w h a t t h e y a r e g e t t i n g . A n d ( 4 6 ) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . &l t ; / P &g t ; &l t ; P &g t ; P a r t I V &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; R e a d i n g C o m p r e h e n s i o n ( R e a d i n g i n D e p t h ) &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; ( 2 5 m i n u t e s ) / p > p > / p > p > S e c t i o n A / p > p > D i r e c t i o n s : I n t h i s s e c t i o n , t h e r e i s a p a s s a g e w i t h t e n b l a n k s . Y o u a r e r e q u i r e d t o s e l e c t o n e w o r d f o r e a c h b l a n k f r o m a l i s t o f c h o i c e s g i v e n i n a w o r d b a n k f o l l o w i n g t h e p a s s a g e . R e a d t h e p a s s a g e t h r o u g h c a r e f u l l y b e f o r e m a k i n g y o u r c h o i c e s . E a c h c h o i c e i n t h e b a n k i s i d e n t i f i e d b y a l e t t e r . P l e a s e m a r k t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g l e t t e r f o r e a c h i t e m o n A n s w e r S h e e t 2 w i t h a s i n g l e l i n e t h r o u g h t h e c e n t r e . Y o u m a y n o t u s e a n y o f t h e w o r d s i n t h e b a n k m o r e t h a n o n c e . / p > p > Q u e s t i o n s 4 7 t o 5 6 a r e b a s e d o n t h e f o l l o w i n g p a s s a g e . / p > p > W o m e n w i t h l o w l i t e r a c y s u f f e r d i s p r o p o r t i o n a t e l y m o r e t h a n m e n , e n c o u n t e r i n g m o r e &n b s p ; 4 7 i n f i n d i n g a w e l l - p a y i n g j o b a n d b e i n g t w i c e a s l i k e l y t o e n d u p i n t h e g r o u p o f l o w e s t w a g e e a r n e r s , a s t u d y r e l e a s e d o n W e d n e s d a y s a i d . / p > p > A n a l y s i s b y t h e I n s t i t u t e f o r W o m e n ' s P o l i c y R e s e a r c h ( I W P R ) f o u n d w o m e n a t a l l l e v e l s o f 4 8 &n b s p ; t e n d t o e a r n l e s s t h a n m e n , b u t i t ' s a t t h e l o w e s t l i t e r a c y l e v e l s t h a t t h e w a g e g a p b e t w e e n g e n d e r s i s m o s t s t r i k i n g . / p > p > W o m e n w i t h l o w l i t e r a c y a r e t w i c e a s &n b s p ; 4 9 &n b s p ; &n b s p ; a s m e n a t t h e s a m e s k i l l l e v e l t o b e a m o n g t h e l o w e s t e a r n e r s , b r i n g i n g i n $ 3 0 0 a w e e k o r l e s s , t h e r e p o r t s a i d . / p > p > " B e c a u s e w o m e n s t a r t o f f s o l o w i n t e r m s o f w a g e s , h a v i n g h i g h e r l i t e r a c y a n d m o r e s k i l l s r e a l l y &n b s p ; &n b s p ; 5 0 &n b s p ; a b i g d i f f e r e n c e , " s a i d K e v i n M i l l e r , a &n b s p ; 5 1 r e s e a r c h a s s o c i a t e a t I W P R a n d c o - a u t h o r o f t h e s t u d y . / p > p > W o m e n n e e d t o g o &n b s p ; 5 2 &n b s p ; i n t h e i r t r a i n i n g a n d e d u c a t i o n l e v e l t o e a r n t h e s a m e a s m e n , M i l l e r s a i d . / p > p > T h e &n b s p ; 5 3 &n b s p ; w a s b a s e d o n 2 0 0 9 N a t i o n a l A s s e s s m e n t o f A d u l t L i t e r a c y s u r v e y s , t h e m o s t r e c e n t d a t a &n b s p ; 5 4 &n b s p ; , a n d f o c u s e d o n r e a d i n g s k i l l s , n o t w r i t i n g a n d n u m e r i c l i t e r a c y . T h a t d a t a w a s &n b s p ; &n b s p ; 5 5 &n b s p ; &n b s p ; f r o m a n a t i o n a l l y r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a m p l e o f 1 9 , 7 1 4 p e o p l e a g e d 1 6 a n d o l d e r , l i v i n g i n h o u s e h o l d s o r p r i s o n s . / p > p > D a t a s h o w e d a b o u t o n e - t h i r d o f A m e r i c a n a d u l t s h a v e l o w l i t e r a c y l e v e l s , a n d m o r e t h a n 3 6 p e r c e n t o f m e n a n d 3 3 p e r c e n t o f w o m e n f a l l i n t o t h a t &n b s p ; 5 6 , t h e i n s t i t u t e s a i d . / p > p > A ) p a t t e r n &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; I ) c o n d u c t e d / p > p > B ) s e n i o r &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; J ) i n d e p e n d e n t / p > p > C ) l o n g e r &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ;&n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; K ) l i t e r a c y / p > p > D ) d i f f i c u l t i e s &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ;&n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; L ) a n a l y s i s / p > p > E ) c a t e g o r y &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n bs p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; M ) l i k e l y / p > p > F ) c o l l e c t e d &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; N ) f u r t h e r / p > p > G ) p o s i t i o n s &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &n b s p ; &。

2013年4月20日英语专业四级TEM4真题及答案(含部分解析)TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to youfour times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listenand try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passagewill be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds.The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you shouldcheck your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work oncemore.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefullyand then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each questionon Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversationscarefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listento the conversation.1. Accordi ng to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” couldbe _______.A. presentsB. fruitsC. sauceD. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPT _______.A. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meatD. carrots.3. Why did Helen come to Rob?s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to helpRob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interestedin cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of theconversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listento the conversation.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comerand felt lonely. C. She wanted to learn a new language. D. She wasinterested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the club _______.A. mainly organizes language activitiesB. accepts members from localstudentsC. has been set up for a long timeD. is increasing its membership6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German on_______.A. WednesdayB. TuesdayC. MondayD.Friday7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to callhim again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pickup a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listento the conversation.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewingskills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attendingjob fairs EXCEPT _______.A. prospectiveB. usefulC. importantD. tiring10. We learn from the conversation that the woman _______.A. works better at job fairsB. prefers honest peopleC. often works on her ownD. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefullyand then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody?s access to technological advances. The main reason is _______.A. illiteracyB. povertyC. food shortageD. ignorance16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPT _______.A. giving everyone a radio or TVB. starting to carry out the scheme in ten yearsC. offering internet service to more peopleD. providing more job opportunities17. What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and thedeveloping world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18. People in Latin America wear something _______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year?s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year?s tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about _______ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPT _______.A. alcohol abuseB. smokingC. depressionD. schizophrenia26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because they _______.A. had only covered cargo plane pilotsB. had failed to cover all the pilotsC. would be put into effect in two yearsD. would be too costly if implementedQuestions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: Without it, it (31)____ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32)____ the workers in government offices who (33)____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves; nor the ministers and members of parliament(国会) who govern the country for us. (34)____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35)____ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36)____ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arranged. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is preferred, should everything be taxed equally? In most countries, a direct tax on (38)____, which is called income tax, (39)____. It is arranged in such a(40)____ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows(41)____ as the taxpayer?s income grows. In England, for example, the tax on the richest people (42)____ as high as ninety-five percent! (43)____ countries with direct taxation nearly (44)____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties”. Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45)____ really have to pay the duties, in the (46)____ of higher prices. In some countries, (47)____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48)____, but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)____ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is got but the tax is (50)____, as the rich pay it.31. A. can B. may C. could D. would32. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not33. A. look into B. look over C. look after D. look through34. A. In accordance to B. By means of C. With reference to D. On account of35. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as36. A. if B. when C. though D. as37. A. when B. how C. why D. which38. A. persons B. sectors C. communities D. classes39. A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens40. A. form B. way C. measure D. method41. A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger42. A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up43. A. But B. Consequently C. Similarly D. And44. A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always45. A. which B. who C. what D. whom46. A. manner B. form C. means D. why47. A. either B. also C. too D. often48. A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected49. A. alike B. like C. as D. for50. A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. betterPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn't deny ______ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions as a(n) ______.A. appositive(同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)A. NonsmokerB. DeadlineC. MeannessD. Misfit54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o?clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enoughC. manyD. such56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you'll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don?t like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)A. MuchB. NeitherC. OneD. Quarter58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business.C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must givepoor results.C. It's getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working lateat the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remainB. turnC. writeD.knock66. ______ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job.The underlined part means ______.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night's party Larry said something that I thought was beyond me.The underlined part means ______.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn't understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn't tolerate69. The couple ______ their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD.did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted allthe ______ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother's promise. The underlined part means ______.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ______ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ______.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means ______.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ______ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ______.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ______ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ______ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ______ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means ______.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.TEXT ASaying “thank you” is probably the first thing most of us learn to do in a foreign language. After all, we're brought up to be polite, and it is importantto make a good impression upon other people —especially across national divides. The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a great speech. The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time. Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in 5 December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle. A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic流行病was announced, the idea of “swine flu”猪流感scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions. Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music. It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives. If you?re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk鼓舞士气的讲话before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance. On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh. Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because _____.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is IN CORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83.Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT _____.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skull candy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift索道, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced外包manufacturing overseas. Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!” Alden didn't want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a m ortgage抵押贷款on the house? She said, ?What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.? I definitely married the right woman!” For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers.“Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.” Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn't sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It'd kill us to take back all the products.” Alden's fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year . His key insight was that headphones weren't gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you're just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.” Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he _____.A. was no longer in snowboarding businessB. had no other business opportunitiesC. was very fond of modern musicD. saw an inconvenience among mobile users87. The new headphone was originally designed for _____.A. snowboardersB. motorcyclistsC. mountain hikersD. marathon runners88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as _____.A. a sign of self-confidenceB. a symbol of statusC. part of fashionD. a kind of deviceTEXT C“I'm a little worried about my future,” said Dustin Hoffman in The Graduate. He should be so lucky. All he had to worry about was whether to have an affair with Mrs Robinson. In the sixties, that was the sum total of post-graduation anxiety syndrome. I was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.” But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru金融大亨.When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing. Since Bernie Madoff?s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I've read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not. On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?” My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I?d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn't satisfy me, because I wasn't really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down. But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn't think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them. My friend Michael said, “I?d started to get complacent. It?s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy萎缩. Now they?re awake, alive—and I don?t want to go back.” These weren't just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone?s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj's call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.。

2013年英语专业四级语法考试题和答案（2）1.Freshman____ provides the incoming students with an opportunity to learn about their new environment and their place in it.A.orientationB.acquaintanceC.directoryD.dictation2.The volcano that raised the islands are still ____ in places.A.inactiveB.enormousC.energeticD.lively3.This law is so difficult to understand that only a lawyer can ____ us.A.enlightenB.illustrateC.explainD.demonstrate4.The king ____ his people with terrible taxes and punishment.A.depressedB.impressedC.oppressedD.expressed5.I have no ____ but to listen to my boss.A.privilegeB.respectC.priorityD.option6.Perhaps you are aware that I am your legal____ till you are of age.A.guardB.guardianC.escortD.supervisor7.Shortly after the ____of war he was enrolled in the army.A.outcomeB.outletC.outputD.outbreak8.The old man did not smoke himself and was so____ that he did not allow his friends to smoke when they visited him.A.intolerableB.tolerableC.intolerantD.tolerant9.He attends to the ____ of important business himself.A.transitionB.transactionC.transformationD.transmission10.The scene is so beautiful that it ____ my power of description.A.ascendsB.descendsC.transcendsD.overtakes11.The two cities were connected to each otherby a ____ after flood cut them off.A.suspensionB.diversionC.highwayD.12.On hearing her son’s voice on the line, all her fears and anxiety ____.A.retiredB.relayedC. dissipatedD.tightened13.In the 1980’s, four cities in southern China were first ____ as special economic zones, enjoying special policies.A.designatedB.judgedC.emergedD.nominated14.He is a man who believes in strict____ and he seldom deviates from his principles.A.wisdomB.brotherhoodC.worshipD.discipline15.He has been ____with a certain form of mental disorder for twenty years.A.afflictedB.addictedC.affiliatedD.consulted16.The city is setting about regulating the installation of ____ wires for the sake of smooth traffic and the safety of pedestrians.A.undergroundB.marineC.acidD.aerial17.Hamlet was in (a) ____ when he said “To be or not to be?”, for it is really hard for one to decide whether to die or to live!A.consciousnessB.delightC.dilemmaD.rage18.Any irresponsible explosion of nuclear weapons may bring ____ results to the environment and the mankind.A.desirableB.disastrousC.radicalD.rational19.Death is a ____ to everyone.God is impartial on this matter.A.gloryB.privilegeC.destinyD.farewell20.A sharp increase in military expenditure brought the cabinet a budget ___.A.deficitB.debtC.redD.estimation21.The well equipped swimming pool is the favorite____ of the boys in summer.A.residenceB.siteC.hauntD.hotel22.Don’t mention the failure in Mary’s ____or she will go crazy.A.distanceB.hearingC.rangeD.neighborhood23.The professor had to explain the profound theory in a/an ____language because of the audience’s poor knowledge in this field.A.luminousB.abstractC.dullD.theoretical24.The Forbidden City, known as the former____palace, is still kept intact at the center of the metropolis.A.emperorB.imperialC.feudalD.ancient25.The driver no longer____ himself in drinking after experiencing that accident.A.indulgedB.devotedC.immersedD.induced26.Since the complex moved away, this town has only a ____ of its former population.A.remainB.remainderC.majorityD.remnant27.Malnutrition(营养不良) and hard work____ her health and she looked thin and pale.A.promotedB.impairedC.acceleratedD.smashed28.Some people like to____ the old systems and traditions; others like to preserve them.A.innovateB.persistC.insistD.adhere29.He gave us ____ consent to take the apples for he smiled when he saw us do it.A.explicitB.implicitC.ambiguousD.negative30.I expected her to do well in the final examination, but she has been____ by her illness.A.caughtB.fascinatedC.discouragedD.handicapped31.The machine looked like a large,__________,old-fashioned typewriter.A.forcefulB.clumsyC.intenseD.tricky32.Though she began her______ by singing in alocal pop group, she is now a famous Hollywood movie star..A.employmentB.careerC.occupationD.profession33.Within two weeks of arrival, all foreigners had to__________ with the local policeA.inquireB.consultC.registerD.profession34.Considering your salary, you should be able to __________at least twenty dollars a weekA.put forwardB.put upC.put out D put aside35.As he has__________ our patience, we’ll not wait for him any longer.A.tornB.wastedC.exhaustedD.consumed36.These teachers try to be objective when they__________ the integrated ability of their studentsA.justifyB.evaluateC.indicateD.reckon37.Mrs.Morris’s daughter is pretty and_______,and many girls envy her.A.slenderB.lightC.faintD.minor38.Tomorrow the mayor is to __________a group of Canadian businessmen on a tour of the city.A.coordinateB.cooperateC.accompanyD.associate39.I’m ______enough to know it is going to bea very difficult situation to compete against threestrong teams.A.realisticB.consciousC.registerD.resolve40.Can you give me even the __________clue as to where her son might be?A.simplestB.slightestC.leastD.utmost41.Norman Davis will be remembered by many with _______not only as a great scholar but also as a most delightfuland faithful friendA.kindnessB.friendlinessC.warmthD.affection42.Salaries for ________positions seem to be higher than for permanent ones.A.legalB.optionalC.voluntaryD.temporary43.Most people agree that the present role of women has already affected U.S.society.______it has affected the traditional role of men.A.Above allB.In allC.At mostD.At last44.Science and technology have __________in important ways to the improvement of agricultural production.A.attachedB.assistedC.contributedD.witnessed45.As an actor he could communicate a whole __________of emotions.A.frameB.rangeC.numberD.scale46.This is what you should bear in mind: Don’t __________a salary increase before you actually get it.A.hang onB.draw onC.wait onD.count on47.The ship’s generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated __________instead of mechanically.A.artificiallyB.automaticallyC.manuallyD.synthetically48.The little girl was so frightened that she just wouldn’t __________her grip on my arm.A.loosenB.removeC.relieveD.dismiss49.He never arrives on time and my ______is that he feels the meetings are useless.A.preferenceB.conferenceC.inferenceD.reference50.Mrs.Smith was so ______ about everything that no servants could please her.A.specificB.specialC.preciseD.particular答案：1-5 ACACD 6-10 BDCBC 11-15 BCADA16-20 DCBCA21-25 CBABA 26-30 DBABD 31-35 BBCDC 36-40 BACBB41-45 DDACB 46-50 DCACD 点击下载Word文档。