上海十三校高三级联考
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2024-2025学年上海师大附中闵行分校、宝山分校联考高三(上)期中数学试卷一、单选题:本题共4小题,共18分。
在每小题给出的选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.已知等差数列{a n}的公差为d,前n项和为S n,则“d≤0”是“S8+S10<2S9”的( )A. 充分不必要条件B. 必要不充分条件C. 充要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件2.重复n次成功概率为p的伯努利试验,其成功次数X的分布为( )A. 伯努利分布B. 二项分布C. 超几何分布D. 正态分布3.以抛物线y2=4x的焦点为右焦点,且长轴为4的椭圆的标准方程为( )A. x216+y215=1 B. x216+y24=1 C. x24+y23=1 D. x24+y2=14.已知定义在集合上的函数f(x)满足{x|f(x)>f(11−x)}=({a,b})(1<a<b),记f(x)的最小值为M,最大值为N,S={x|f(x)=M},T={x|f(x)=N},则下列命题正确的是( )注:|A|表示集合A中元素的个数.A. 若|S|=1,则S⊆(a,b)B. 若|T|=1,则T⊆(a,b)C. 若|S|≠1,则S⊆(a,b)D. 若|T|≠1,则T⊆(a,b)二、填空题:本题共12小题,共54分。
5.已知集合M={x|x>−2},集合N={x|x≤1},则M∪N=______.6.向量a=(3,4)在向量b=(1,0)方向上的投影为______.7.二项式(3x−1)11的二项展开式中第3项的二项式系数为______.8.复数1+i3+4i的共轭复数为______.9.函数f(x)=2sin(x+π6)的圆频率是______.10.已知y=f(x)是定义在R上的偶函数,且它在[0,+∞)上单调递增,那么使得f(−2)≤f(a)成立的实数a 的取值范围是______.11.四名男生和两名女生排成一排,男生有且只有两位相邻,则不同排法的种数是______.(结果用数字作答)12.已知a>b>1,若log a b+log b a=52,a b=b a,则a+2b=______.13.已知λ>0,|a|=|b|=|c|=λ,且a⋅b=0,c⋅a=2,c⋅b=1,则λ=_______14.设函数f(x)=sin(ωx+π3)在区间(0,π)恰有三个极值点、两个零点,则ω的取值范围是.15.若直线y=2x+b是曲线y=2alnx的切线,且a>0,则实数b的最小值是______.16.勒洛四面体是一个非常神奇的“四面体”,它能在两个平行平面间自由转动,并且始终保持与两平面都接触,因此它能像球一样来回滚动.勒洛四面体是以正四面体的四个顶点为球心,以正四面体的棱长为半径的四个球的公共部分,如图所示,若正四面体ABCD的棱长为a,则勒洛四面体的体积V的取值范围是______.三、解答题:本题共4小题,共64分。
上海市宝山区2023_2024学年高三上学期期末等级考质量监测政治模拟试题考生注意:1.本考试为闭卷考试,考试时间60分钟.本试题满分100分.2.本考试分设试题和答题纸.答题前,务必在答题纸上清楚填写学校、班级、姓名和准考证号,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,作答必须写在答题纸上,在试题上作答一律不得分. 3.“单选”指每小题只有一个正确选项;“多选”指每小题有两个及以上的正确选项,但不可全选.一、品尝弥漫申城的书香书香致远,新时代要推进全民阅读,建设书香社会.阅读能提升人民思想境界、增强人民精神力量,中华民族的精神世界就能更加厚重深邃.(共33分)1.建设书香社会,就要在全社会形成多读书、读好书、好读书的良好风尚.书香社会所具备的内涵有__________.(多选)(4分)A.提供更丰富的优质阅读内容B.满足不同群体多样阅读需求C.更好发展文化产业文化事业2.文化是城市的灵魂.上海将以文化思想为引领,秉持开放包容,坚持守正创新,讲好中国故事,演绎上海精彩,打造文化自信自强的“上海样本”.(1)上海深入推进“党的诞生地”主题出版工程,相继推出《革命者》《战上海》等一大批内容制作俱优的优秀主题出版物.这是上海依托丰厚的红色文化,努力_________.(单选)(3分)A.利用好传统文化资源优势,弘扬主旋律传播正能量B.弘扬社会主义核心价值观,提供精神动力文化滋养C.坚持把经济效益放在首位,加强阅读内容引领供给D.丰富发展党史文化内容,增强党史内容国际传播力(2)延绵近20年的上海书展,从一个区域性的地方书展,逐步成长为一个全国性的重要文化盛会,成为全国知名的文化品牌和全民阅读活动示范平台.上海书展的发展历程蕴含的哲学道理是__________.(多选)(4分)A.量变积累到一定程度必然会促成质变B.事物是普遍性和特殊性的历史的统一C.任何事物都包含肯定与否定两个方面D.事物发展是前进性曲折性的辩证统一(3)2023上海书展不仅延续了主会场的各项活动,还推出“一区一特色”的特色分会场和以公共图书馆、实体书店等为主的阅读分会场,让浓郁书香溢满申城.从系统角度看,打造这种“主场与分会场联动”的立体书展模式体现的哲学方法是__________.(单选)(3分)A.重视部分作用,用局部的发展推动整体的发展B.把握关键部分,发挥其对整体功能的决定作用C.立足整体,对各部分优化组合,达成最优目标(4)时代在变,读者兴趣爱好在变,知识的媒介在变.上海书展作为优秀文化产品的重要原创地、中外文化精品的首发地,致力于持续提升文化创造力、传播力、影响力,让市民群众有更多获得感和幸福感.结合材料,运用文化的相关知识,说明上海书展应当如何促进全民阅读,增强文化自信.(12分)3.上海政府积极打造“15分钟公共文化服务圈”,以政府为主导,以公共财政为支撑,向社会提供公共文化设施、产品、服务的制度体系,让居民步行15分钟能到达基层公共文化设施所在场所,享受文化服务.政府此举的目的是__________.(多选)(4分)A.发展文化产业,促进经济与社会的协调发展B.方便不同文化交流,促进各种文化有机融合C.加强政府财政投入,完善基层公共文化设施D.满足人民文化需求,人民共享文化发展成果4.没有高度的文化自信,就没有文化的繁荣兴盛,就没有中华民族伟大复兴.由此可以推出:__________.(单选)(3分)A.只有具备高度的文化自信,才能实现文化的繁荣兴盛,才能实现中华民族伟大复兴B.只要具备高度的文化自信,就能实现文化的繁荣兴盛,就能实现中华民族伟大复兴C.具备高度的文化自信,要么能实现文化的繁荣兴盛,要么能实现中华民族伟大复兴二、营造良好的数字生态得益于信息技术的迅猛发展,人类社会正在由工业时代迈入以数字化为特征的数字时代.中国21世纪是数字化生态经济,我们每时每刻感受着数字化带来的便利.(共33分)5.建设数字中国是数字时代推进中国式现代化的重要引擎,是构筑国家竞争新优势的有力支撑.这一表述是__________.(单选)(3分)A.简单判断B.联言判断C.选言判断D.假言判断6.“数字+政务”是近年来政府改进工作的重要抓手.上海市政府积极打通各级政务数据,推动各级各类政务服务数字化转型,先后实现政务服务“一网通办”“一次办好”.(1)“数字+政务”有利于政府__________.(单选)(3分)A.依法行政,提高执法力度B.政务公开,促进简政放权C.转变职能,实现智能高效(2)在政务数字化过程中,由于数字化应用能力的不足,有时会导致政务信息系统和平台的建设与应用“流于形式”,加重了政府内部用户和公众的负担.由此可见,__________.(多选)(4分)A.事物包含着既对立又统一的两个方面,我们要辩证看待数字政务的利与弊B.发展的实质是新事物的产生和旧事物的灭亡,数字政务是不可逆转的趋势C.以时间地点条件为转移,发挥数字政务的作用需要我们主动创造客观条件D.人民群众是社会历史的主体,发展数字政务要注重人民群众的反馈和体验7.“数字+餐饮”使服务更便捷,但也暴露出一些问题.60多岁的老李到某饭店用餐,店员善意提醒老李“本店不提供人工点餐服务,请扫码点餐”,老李在店员的帮助下借用邻座的智能手机进入该饭店的公众号,准备点餐时又被告知点餐前需要、申请成为会员并提供个人信息……结合材料,综合所学法律知识,分析老李有哪些权利受到侵害,并说明理由.(8分)8.中国愿同世界各国一道,携手走出一条共商共建共享的全球数字发展道路.(1)以下做法能体现共建网络世界,共创数字未来的有__________.(单选)(3分)A.与世界各国全面共享我国的数字发展数据B.重视网络治理,构建网络空间命运共同体C.借助数字优势,参与其他国家的安全治理(2)在我国,数据资源整合共享和开发利用正加速推动中国式现代化的进程.5G、云计算、大数据、人工智能、区块链等新兴技术与传统产业加快融合,培育诸多新业态新模式;降低要素市场化配置成本,打破创新要素流动壁垒,为欠发达地区的市场主体获取生产要素创造条件;数字技术加快农业设备升级,提高农业精细化管理水平,提升农业生产效率,推动实现农业现代化;把握数字化发展趋势,高标准推进“数字丝绸之路”,广泛链接全球合作伙伴,强化国际竞争优势.结合材料,运用“推动高质量发展”知识,分析说明数字是如何促进我国经济高质量发展的.(12分)三、坚持和发展新时代“枫桥经验”“枫桥经验”诞生于20世纪60年代的枫桥镇.上海某新村街道接续奋斗,坚持发扬新时代“枫桥经验”,促使228街坊城市更新,蝶变新生.该新村街道党工委将城市更新的决定权交给居民,搭建多种形式的“软平台”,实现最广泛的“软协商”,在征求意见过程中累计发放1500余份问卷调查、开展6次专项调研、举办10余次座谈讨论、组织若干次实地走访.老百姓希望保留228街坊原始风貌,希望引入“社区食堂”“社区服务”“健身培训”等呼声较高的需求,成为228街坊引入更新新业态的“指向标”,用最大公约数破解群众对城市功能的“众口难调”,用人民建议“软协商”构建城市更新“硬作品”.街道立足发挥“软协商”平台优势,依托228街坊街区党建联盟,组织170余名党员志愿者力量加入街坊日常管理.又携手周边居民、商户和驻区单位,在第三方专业力量指导下,立足228街坊复合功能及社区特点,规范停车、养宠、楼组自治等居民高度关注、容易产生矛盾纠纷的日常行为,逐条协商自治公约内容,推出了“228街坊公约”,实现了街区的有序治理.(共34分)9.新时代“枫桥经验”是中国式基层社会治理的重大经验,具有鲜明的中国特色,彰显了中国式基层社会治理的独特优势和强大活力.新时代“枫桥经验”之所以具有鲜明的中国特色,原因是__________.(多选)(4分)A.中国化时代化的马克思主义孕育形成的重大经验B.中国共产党在百年奋斗的过程中形成的宝贵经验C.服务“中国之治”主导中国式现代化的重要经验D.基层社会治理中重视人民主体地位作用成功经验10.“枫桥经验”是我国发展基层民主的典范,其精髓是群众的事情群众自己解决,民事民议,民事民办,民事民管.例如,有村民提出,法律没有规定村委会有处罚权,经群众讨论,该村将村规民约中对偷倒垃圾的村民由原来的“处罚”改成了“赔偿”.材料表明__________.(多选)(4分)A.该村用法治思维和法治方式来保障群众的利益B.在我国,人民民主专政的本质是人民当家作主C.该村村民拥有直接管理国家和社会事务的权利D.作为基层政权,村委会组织群众进行民主监督11.新时代坚持和发展“枫桥经验”,还要坚持自治、法治、德治“三治融合”,人防、物防、技防、心防“四防并举”,构建共商共建共享治理新格局.其蕴含的思维方法是__________.(单选)(3分)A.综合思维B.分析思维C.发散思维12.60年来,“枫桥经验”频频吸引外国专家来考察学习并获广泛认可.2023年7月,“枫桥经验”又亮相第三届文明交流互鉴对话会暨首届世界汉学家大会.小镇经验能对话世界文明,可能的原因有__________.(单选)(3分)A.能为他国的社会治理提供具体方案B.充分彰显了全人类共同的价值追求C.世界文明互学互鉴,破解时代难题13.结合材料,从坚持党的领导和基层民主的角度,论述新时代“枫桥经验”赋能基层社会治理.(20分)要求:(1)综合所学内容,概括坚持和发展新时代“枫桥经验”在基层社会治理中的作用.(2)论题、总论点、分论点具有内在一致性,论证逻辑合理、连贯、完整.(3)引用材料(也包括9—12题的试题材料)进行事实论证,以支持论点.(4)准确使用思想政治学科术语.(5)篇幅400字左右.答案一、品尝弥漫申城的书香(33分)1.AB (多选)(4分)4分0分AB其他2.(1)B (单选)(3分)(2)AB (多选)(4分)4分2分0分AB ABD/ABC其他(3)C (单选)(3分)(4)结合材料,运用文化的相关知识,说明上海书展应当如何促进全民阅读,增强文化自信.(12分)【答案示例1】(教材逻辑+材料)要坚定理想信念,坚持以人民为中心.人民是文化成果的最终享有者和受益者.要打造好上海书展这一文化品牌,满足人民多样化、多层次、多方面的精神文化需求,促进全民阅读,让文化发展成果更好地惠及人民群众,提高市民群众的获得感与幸福感,打造文化自信自强的“上海样本”.要立足时代之基,回答时代问题.上海书展是弘扬中华优秀传统文化、发展文化的重要平台.时代在变,读者兴趣爱好在变,上海书展应当凸显时代特色,体现时代特征,反应时代风貌,回应时代之问,从而更好传承上海城市文脉,提升文化自信.要融通不同资源,实现综合创新.上海书展要提供中外优秀文化产品、文化精品,要搭建各种阅读与活动平台,探索创新,要通过多元化的传播媒介与方式,促进全民阅读,建设书香社会,从而不断持续提升文化创造力、传播力、影响力,增强文化自信.【答案示例2】(材料主旨+生活逻辑)上海书展是上海的文化名片,是弘扬中华优秀传统文化、发展文化的重要平台.上海书展秉持开放包容,坚持守正创新,不断为大众提供更多的优质文化产品,满足人民对文化生活品质的需求与追求;同时上海书展搭建平台,让人们广泛参与各类阅读活动,推动阅读成为人们的文化自觉和生活方式,在全社会不断形成热爱阅读的氛围;上海书展作为上海的“文化品牌”,做好整体布局,厚植阅读文化,推进全民阅读,彰显上海文化品牌的标识度和影响力,讲好中国故事,传播中国声音,演绎上海精彩,从而打造文化自信自强的“上海样本”.3.CD (多选)(4分)4分2分0分CD ACD/BCD其他4.A (单选)(3分)二、营造良好的数字生态(33分)5.B (单选)(3分)6.(1)C (单选)(3分)(2)AD (多选)(4分)4分2分0分AD ABD/ACD其他7.结合材料,综合所学法律知识,分析老李有哪些权利受到侵害,并说明理由.(8分)【答案示例】(1)老李的个人信息与隐私权受到侵犯.法律规定任何组织或者个人需要获取他人个人信息的,应当依法取得并确保信息安全.处理个人信息,应当遵循合法、正当、必要原则,不得过度处理.饭店诱导老李授权提供与餐饮服务无关的个人信息,侵犯了消费者的隐私权.(2)老李的自主选择权受到侵犯.《消费者权益保护法》规定消费者享有自主选择商品或者服务的权利.饭店只提供扫码点餐,不提供人工点餐,使老李没办法自主选择点餐的服务方式,饭店侵犯了消费者的自主选择权.另:(1)《上海市网络点餐服务消费者个人信息保护合规指引》明确,餐饮经营者在收集和使用消费者个人信息时,必须遵守相关法律法规,并获得消费者的明确同意,不得强制或诱导消费者或推送商业营销信息.《指引》的发布,推动本市主要餐饮企业不断提升个人信息保护意识,全面履行个人信息保护义务,推动网络点餐服务的规范健康发展,为消费者提供更公开透明、安全便捷的服务体验.(2)《关于切实解决老年人运用智能技术困难实施方案》明确要求聚焦涉及老年人的高频事项和服务场景,坚持传统服务方式与智能化服务创新并行,切实解决老年人在运用智能技术方面遇到的突出困难,确保各项工作做实做细、落实到位,为老年人提供更周全、更贴心、更直接的便利化服务.8.(1)B (单选)(3分)(2)结合材料,运用“推动高质量发展”知识,分析说明数字是如何促进我国经济高质量发展的.(12分)答案示例:(写出三个方面,实质概括2分;做法+效果2分)①数字赋能现代化产业体系.坚持把发展经济的着力点放在实体经济上,通过5G、大数据、人工智能等新兴数字技术与实体经济相融合(方式:数字与实体经济或传统产业融合发展,),促进传统产业转型升级,优化产业结构,培育诸多新业态新模式(效果:产业升级和产业创新,建设制造强国、质量强国等.).②数字赋能区域经济协调发展.数字技术能够降低生产要素在不同区域间流通的成本,打破地域限制,为欠发达地区的市场主体获取资源创造更加便利的条件(方式:降低流通成本、破除流动壁垒),从而做到优势互补、减小差距,促进区域协调发展(效果:减小区域差距).③数字赋能全面推进乡村振兴.坚持农业农村优先发展,将先进的数字技术运用到农业预测、生产、管理等环节中(方式:数字技术运用到农业),有助于提高农业生产效率,提高农民收入和劳动便利化水平,加快建设农业强国,全面推进乡村振兴(效果:提高生产率和农民收入).④数字赋能高水平对外开放.积极顺应经济全球化、数字化趋势,顺应时代发展潮流,借助数字技术跨越时空限制,加强与全球合作伙伴的联系(方式:密切与世界经济的联系);通过数字赋能产业升级,培育我国出口竞争新优势,发展更高水平的对外经济(效果:产业升级提高出口竞争力,建设贸易强国).三、坚持和发展新时代“枫桥经验”(34分)9.ABD (多选)(4分)4分2分0分ABD ABC/BCD其他10.AB (多选)(4分)4分2分0分AB ABC/ABD其他11.A (单选)(3分)12.C (单选)(3分)13.结合材料,从坚持党的领导和基层民主的角度,论述新时代“枫桥经验”赋能基层社会治理.(20分)答案示例:新时代枫桥经验坚持和加强党的全面领导(展开:科学执政,民主执政;发挥党组织的统筹带动作用),发扬基层民主(展开:保障人民群众的民主权利;民主决策、民主协商、民主管理;完善基层群众自治),赋能基层社会治理.新时代枫桥经验坚持和加强党的全面领导,科学执政,民主执政,发挥党组织的统筹带动作用,赋能基层社会治理.中国共产党是事业的领导核心(本质特征、制度优势、领导核心、最高领导力量).在228街坊城市更新过程中,党坚持民主执政,将城市更新决定权交给居民,采取各种民主形式开展软协商.以民主形式、民主手段保证和实现人民当家做主,坚持科学执政,立足基层社区实际情况,探索基层社会治理规律,依托党建联盟,党员志愿者,发挥党组织的统筹带动作用和党员的先锋模范作用,不断增强党的政治领导力、思想引领力、群众组织力、社会号召力.党的领导为基层社会治理提供了根本政治保证.新时代枫桥经验不断发扬基层民主,坚持民主决策、民主协商、民主管理,保障人民群众的民主权利,完善基层群众自治,赋能基层社会治理.发展基层民主,保障人民群众享有更多切实的民主权利,是我国社会主义民主政治建设的重要内容.在街坊城市更新中,不断发扬基层民主,拓宽人民群众有序参与渠道,广泛开展基层调研、走访、座谈、让群众合理表达意见和建议,回应群众呼声,调动人民群众参与社区治理的积极性,实现民主协商、民主决策、民主管理,完善街区协商自治公约,预防并化解社会矛盾和纠纷,促进社会和谐,不断提高社区治理水平,用人民建议“软协商”构建城市更新“硬作品”.。
上海市复兴金山崇明奉贤四校2024-2025学年高三上学期期中联考物理试卷一、综合题鸟类作为生物界中的飞行高手,其飞行机制涉及丰富的物理知识。
1.如图,一只鸟沿虚线斜向上匀速飞行,空气对其作用力可能是()A.F1B.F2C.F3D.F42.一只鸟由静止起沿直线匀加速飞行,设其位移为x,时间为t,绘制xtt关系图像如图所示。
则其飞行的加速度大小为()A.1 m/s2B.2 m/s2C.4 m/s2D.8 m/s23.飞行中的鸟改变飞行方向时,要将其身体倾斜,其转弯所需的向心力由重力和空气对它的作用力的合力来提供。
质量为m的飞鸟,以速率v在水平面内做半径为R的匀速圆周运动时,空气对鸟作用力的大小为(重力加速度为g)。
4.鸟能飞起来的必要条件是空气对鸟的升力大于鸟的重力。
设升力为f,它与鸟的翅膀面积S和飞行速度v有关,另外鸟是在空气中飞行的,因而可能与空气的密度ρ有关,人们猜测f与这些有关因素之间的关系式为:f = CS a v bρc,其中C为无量纲的比例常数,则该公式中的a、b、c应分别为、、。
5.翠鸟被誉为自然界的“跳水皇后”,它常以高速俯冲进入水中捕食。
在平静的湖面激起水波。
将某次翠鸟捕食激起的水波视为在xoy平面内传播的简谐波,绘得t = 0时所有波峰、波谷的波面分布如图1所示(实线代表波峰,虚线代表波谷),此刻坐标(0,2)处的质点Р处于波峰。
质点Р的振动图像如图2所示,z轴正方向竖直向上。
则该波的传播速度为m/s,t = s时,坐标(4,0)处的质点开始振动。
沙漏是一种古老而有趣的计时装置。
如图所示,一放在水平面上的沙漏由沙子全部集中在上部容器里开始计时,到沙子全部落到下部容器里时计时结束。
沙子经沙漏中部细孔时速度很小。
可视为零,沙子可近似看作随时间均匀漏下,不计空气阻力和沙子间作用力的影响。
6.某同学用高速摄像机拍得一张沙漏的照片如图。
观察照片发现砂粒在空中时看不出砂粒本身的形状,而是形成条状痕迹,疏密分布也不均匀。
高考英语名校联考真题精选冲刺练上海市三模精选冲刺练距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文(2022·上海杨浦·统考三模)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Valuing and Protecting the Great OutdoorsAnyone that is keen on getting out into nature knows that the untouched beauty of the outdoors will only remain that way if people respect the environments they visit.____1____ (ensure) that this happens, the Leave No Trace Center for Outdoor Ethics has come up with a framework of seven principles for people to follow. These principles can be applied ____2____ one is hiking to a remote campsite or enjoying a local park.The Leave No Trace principles offer guidelines for ____3____ people can leave a minimal impact in the areas they explore. While most relate to correct behavior for when people are outdoors, the first principle is about planning ahead. ____4____ you head out on an adventure, preparation is essential. Adequate planning helps keep you and your group safe. A little research will also give you a basic understanding of the environment you____5____ (visit).The other rules to follow when you are outdoors are quite simple. You should always walk on proper trails and stay at ____6____ (mark) campsites. Everything you bring with you into an area needs ____7____ (bring) back out. Of course, this means trash like plastic bags and bottles, but it also includes leftovers and food scraps. Further, when you leave a nature area, you should leave what you find. That is, don’t take ____8____ from the trail like flowers or rocks with you.You should also minimize campfires. It is actually best to carry a portable stove when you go camping. If you are making fires, it is vital that you make sure the fire is out before you leave.The last two principles are____9____ respect and consideration. Respect any wildlife in the area; you're in their home. Finally, be courteous (谦恭的) towards anyone else you meet and think of how your actions _____10_____ affect others that are enjoying the outdoors alongside you.二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文(2021·上海·校联考三模)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.its wings as a way to attract mates in the dark. In a study published last September in Current Biology, scientists report the____11____on males' forewings of three patches(色斑)that change darkness and size when viewed from particular angles. In females, the entire forewing darkens.Although butterfly and moth species that are active during the day are known to employ visual effects to communicate, researchers had thought their nocturnal cousins relied almost____12____on chemical signals because of the lack of light. But these____13____wing patterns, now found for the first time in a nocturnal moth, suggest the insects may also use visual signals. Because only the males have this pattern, researchers say it is likely a(n)____14____selected mechanism.Jennifer Kelley, an ecologist based at the University of Western Australia, and her colleagues first noticed the visual phenomenon while looking at museum moth specimens(标本)for another project. "As soon as we figuredthe effect was angle-____15____, we knew that to understand how it works, we had to understandthe____16____physics," Kelley says. The group contacted Gerd Schröder-Turk and Bodo Wilts, who are physicists at Murdoch University in Perth and the Adolphe Merkle Institute in Switzerland respectively.Together the researchers found that when the wings are viewed from above, they____17____available light directly, like a dull mirror. When viewed from an angle, however, they let some of the light through to reveal a deeper layer of darkness, which____18____as patches on the male's wings. If the insects were to beat theirwings____19____—a common behavior among males approaching potential mates—the patches would flash on and off, creating a striking signal even in very_____20_____light.三、完形填空(2021·上海·上海市实验学校校考三模)Scientists say record heat has cost reef half of coralsThe Great Barrier Reef, one of the earth's most precious habitats, lost half of its coral populations in the last quarter-century, a decline that researchers in Australia said would continue unless drastic action is taken to reduce the effects of climate change.Colony sizes were smaller, there were fewer “big mamas," or older large corals that produce baby corals; and there were fewer of those babies, which are vital to the reefs future ability to____21____. "Our results show the ability of the Great Barrier Reef to recover — its resilience (恢复力) — is weakened____22____ the past, because there are fewer babies, and fewer large breeding adults," Dr. Andy Dietzel, the lead author of the study, said in a statement.____23____ a process in which corals turn white as water temperatures rise — contributed to sleep losses of Barrier Reef in 2016 and 2017. The southern part of the reef was also____24____ to record — setting temperatures in early 2020. Researchers cited climate change as one of the major____25____ of disturbances to reef.“There is no time to____26____ they said in a statement. "We must sharply decrease greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible.”Researchers were disappointed about what they saw as a lack of attention to the study from government leaders in Australia, the world's biggest coral exporter. The government has ____27____ calls to reduce carbon emissions even as heat waves, drought and fires continue to reveal the country ,s situation of being hurt by climate change.The Great Barrier Reef, which ____28____ a vast array of marine life, has between 300 and 400 coral species and stretches for thousands of kilometers across the Australian coast."You can____29____ see it from space," said Deron Burkepile. a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara.Coral reefs worldwide are ______30______ for billions of dollars is tourism and provide habitats for fish that feed close to one billion people on the planet, he said.“The situation is serious," Professor Burkepile said. But people should not feel ______31______ about the future of coral reefs, he said, even as they wait for world leaders to take more ______32______ steps to control the effects of climate change.At the local level, ______33______ nitrogen (氮) pollution — which ______34______ fading — can be controlled by reducing fertilizer and sewage runoff, according to a study that Professor Burkepile conducted with other researchers at his university. "The other thing that we need to take away is that coral reefs are amazing resilient," he said. "If we don't continually damage them, they will________35________.21.A.live B.manufacture C.return D.breed22.A.in terms of B.in relation to C.in comparison with D.with regard to23.A.Fading B.Failing C.Collapsing D.Poisoning 24.A.accustomed B.subjected C.elevated D.adapted25.A.drivers B.resources C.consequences D.aspects26.A.lose B.act C.wait D.miss27.A.raised B.handled C.received D.resisted28.A.supports B.undergoes C.survives D.accommodates 29.A.literally B.alternatively C.automatically D.particularly 30.A.responsible B.profitable C.available D.sustainable 31.A.suspicious B.hesitant C.hopeless D.careless32.A.exclusive B.aggressive C.oppressive D.excessive33.A.for example B.in fact C.on the contrary D.in turn34.A.strengthens B.weakens C.worsens D.exaggerates35.A.inherit B.recover C.grow D.prosper四、阅读理解(2021·上海浦东新·统考三模)Public Notice of Sleep No More Shanghai1. What protective measures at Sleep No More have been put in place?• The show area will be cleaned with disinfectant three times a day, including before and after each performance.• The number or audiences for each performance will not exceed 75% or maximum capacity.• All audience and staff' members are required to wear face masks in the show area.• To leave sufficient time for disinfection, the start time for matinee (日场) performance on weekends has been adjusted to 14:00.2. What do I need to prepare before the show? Are there any adjustments to the show?• Please apply for the Shanghai Health Code and check that it's green in advance.• Before entry, the body temperature of all audience members must be taken.• Audience members will not be admitted under any of the following circumstances:• don't wear your face mask;• your Shanghai Health Code is invalid or not in a green status;• your body temperature is above 37.3℃;• any other symptom of COVID-19 is observed.• The McKinnon Hotel's customized will be on sale for audience.3. Is the Sleep No More company monitoring the health status of its performers as well as staff members? All Chinese and international performers as well as staff members of Sleep No More have been quarantined for 14 days with no symptoms.• Body temperatures are taken and recorded daily.• Any member of the company will be put in self-quarantine if they report any symptoms and sent to hospital if necessary.4. After booking online, can I collect my paper ticket beforehand?• To minimize risk, it is now possible to collect paper tickets before the date of show at the box office.• Please collect your tickets at the Sleep No More box office up to two weeks in advance.• Audience members will be admitted via their paper tickets.• Kind reminder: please keep your papers ticket safe as it will not be replaced if lost.• The box office will be open from 10:30 to 17:00, seven days a week.5. After booking, can I get a refund for my ticket or exchange it for another date?If the booked performance is cancelled due to force majeure, ticket refunds or exchanges will be available. Otherwise, ticket exchange is only available under any of the following circumstances:• The audience member cannot come to show due to COVID-19.• The audience member's body temperature is above 37.3℃ and cannot be admitted to Sleep No More. 36.Which of the following is not included in protective measures?A.The show area must be thoroughly disinfected.B.The audience number is limited.C.All the audience must wear face masks.D.Public restrooms are forbidden.37.According to the passage, which of the following is true?A.Audience can enter the show area at noon on weekends.B.Audience can exchange e-tickets for paper tickets up to 14 days in advance.C.If audience hold the Shanghai Health Code, they don't need to take body temperature.D.International performers have been quarantined for 14 days before entering China.38.Which of the following situation allows audience to keep the ticket valid?A.Audience meet with force majeure.B.Audience lose the paper tickets.C.Audience are infected with COVID-19 after booking the tickets.D.Audience have close contact with performers of the show.(2020·上海宝山·上海市行知中学校考三模)Jane Austen was born in the English countryside more than 200 years ago. She lived a simple life. She seldom travelled. She never married and she died from illness when she was only 41.However, people all over the world remember her. Why? It is because Jane Austen is the author of some of the best-loved novels in the English language. These novels include Emma, Pride and Prejudice, Sense and Sensibility and Persuasion.Jane completed her last novel Persuasion in 1816, but it was not published until after her death. Persuasion is partly based on Jane’s naval brother.Anne, the daughter of Sir Walter Elliot, falls in love with Captain Wentworth, a person of a lower social position. But she breaks off the engagement when persuaded by her friend Lady Russell that such a match is unworthy. The breakup produces in Anne a deep and long-lasting regret. Eight years later, Wentworth returns from sea a rich and successful captain. He finds Anne’s family on the edge of financial ruin. Anne and the captain rediscover their love and get married.Jane Austen once compared her writing to painting on a little bit of ivory(象牙), two inches square. Readers of Persuasion will see that neither her skill of delicate, ironic(讽刺的) observations on social custom, love, and marriage nor her ability to apply a sharp focus to English manners and morals has abandoned her in her final finished work.Persuasion has produced three film adaptations: a 1995 version starring Amanda Root and Ciaran Hinds, a 2007 TV miniseries with Sally Hawkins and Rupert Penry-Jones, and a 1971 miniseries with Ann Firbank and Bryan Marshall.People who are interested in Jane Austen can still visit many of the places she visited and lived. These places include the village of Steventon, although her family house is now gone. Many of the places Jane visited in Bath are still there. You can visit Jane Austen’s home in Chawton, where she did her best writing, and Winchester, where she died.39.What is the theme of Persuasion?A.Never regret what you’ve chosen.B.True love lasts forever.C.Be matched for marriage.D.Love waits for no man.40.Which of the following CANNOT describe Jane’s writing style?A.Her application of symbolism.B.Her delicate observations.C.Her focus on manners and morals.D.Her use of irony.41.Which of the following about Jane Austen is TRUE?A.Her family house is now in the village of Steventon.B.Many of the places she visited in Bath are still available.C.The latest film adaptation of Persuasion was produced in 1995.D.Her last novel Persuasion is considered her most successful one.42.The article mainly talks about _______.A.Jane Austen’s unique writing styleB.the original residence of Jane AustenC.Jane Austen’s last novel: PersuasionD.the popularity of Jane Austen’s novels(2020·上海浦东新·统考三模)According to the ancient Greek mythology, King Midas might be one ofthe world’s earliest alchemist, who was granted by the god Dionysus themagic power to turn anything he touched into gold. Unfortunately, the king soon realized that this ability was more of a curse than of a gift as he had to suffer the loss of many of life’s real pleasures, including the taste of good food and the embrace of his beloved daughter.While the story of the greedy Midas is meant to warn against becoming a slave to one’s desires, it also reflects our human greed for gold. This extremely attractive metal has captivated humans over thousands of years, ever since the days of the ancient Egyptians, and has been the basis of currency for many civilizations over centuries.Today gold remains the foundation of the luxury jewellery industry and, in recent years, has become one of the most prominent materials in the production of our latest necessity --- modern electronics. Gold is used to make many of the devices we love, such as cellphones, tablets and laptops. This is due to its highly efficient electrical properties and its resistance to corrosion, which are unmatched by any other metal. But the manufacturing of just 40 mobile phones requires approximately one gram of gold, which corresponds to nearly a ton of mined ore. Given the persistent rise in electronics production, and the limited and decreasing supply of gold, how will we maintain the supply of this precious material for many years to come?One solution might be found in the recycling of electronic waste, a process often referred to as urban mining. Given that a metric tonne of recycled laptop circuit boards can have between 40 and 800 times more gold than found in a metric tonne of ore, it seems unreasonable to redeposit the precious metal into the earth via landfills. Despite this, and the fact that urban mining is growing more cost-effective by the day, only 20 per cent of all electronic waste is currently recycled. In 2017, the Global E-Waste Monitor projected that the amount of electronic waste generated by the end of 2021 would reach 52.2 million metric tonnes.It is estimated that the value of the gold in our garbage exceeds €10 billion($11.2 billion). On top of that, the many other precious metals in the garbage, such as silver, copper and platinum, add even more value to our waste. Therefore, given its economic and technological importance, it is time to consider whether other sources of gold, which are not yet decidedly possible to access, can also be exploited in the future.While King Midas might have appealed to the gods for an easy solution to acquire gold, modern alchemists use the latest technology to achieve ancient dreams. It is these qualities that might eventually lead to environmentally mindful and energy-efficient technologies for extracting gold from incredible places.43.The underlined word “captivated” in paragraph two can be best replaced by .A.cultivated B.jailed C.satisfied D.tempted44.Which of the following is NOT one of the many uses of gold in history and modern time?A.aiding the business of waste recycling industry.B.being used in manufacturing jewellery.C.constituting an essential part of electronic devices.D.forming the basis of currency.45.According to paragraph four, what is the purpose of “urban mining”?A.To save more laptop circuit from being wasted.B.To deposit more precious gold.C.To preserve gold for future use.D.To make a profit by recycling life garbage.46.The author uses the story of “King Midas” to .A.analyze the loss caused by electronic wasteB.illustrate the magic power of urban miningC.interest the readers with the rich history of ancient GreeceD.warn the world against becoming slaves to material gains五、六选四(2020·上海浦东新·统考三模)Directions: Choose from the sentences A-F to complete the passage. There are extra sentences which you do not need to use.Practical tips to stay fit for Spring FestivalThe Spring Festival is here and lots of people may not only ruin their usual diets, but also gain a few extra pounds._47_. Excessive eating is claimed to be the main cause for the additional weight gain, but it is also due to lack of physical activity and exercise. A lot of individuals out there tend to set aside their fitness routines during the holidays since they believe that they do not have enough time to perform their workouts. And because they feel guilty after the holiday season,most of the gyms and fitness centers are packed with fresh members._48_. Here are several useful tips that might help you.Eat before heading out. It is best that you eat something before heading out to visits, trips or family dinners. You will no longer be tempted to eat a lot or overindulge yourself since you have already eaten.Don’t skip meals, especially breakfast! Even though it can be tempting to skip on certain meals, believing that it will make up for the treats you consumed in the previous day, don’t do it because it will only lead to counterproductive results._49_. Alcohol, coke or other juices will only add more calories to the ones you already ate!Make the holidays a family affair. Plan outdoor activities where everyone is involved. Even a tour at the shopping mall will burn a lot of calories and keep the children entertained.You’d better distribute your meals evenly throughout the day, and do not eat everything at once. _50_. Eatyour dinner earlier and have a nice walk before going to bed.These tips will help you avoid gaining weight during the holiday, and will also allow you to enjoy yourself and have a great time with your loved ones. So there you go!A.Try to do exercise early in the morning while everyone else is still sleeping.B.Always bear in mind that you can enjoy the holidays and stay fit at the same time.C.Instead of having two enormous meals, have five small ones.D.Based on studies, the majority of people tend to gain additional weight during the holiday season.E.It is best to regulate your drinking.F.Prioritize your workouts and try your best to avoid neglecting meals.六、概要写作51.(2020·上海奉贤·统考三模)Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.College admission season is upon us. With the ever-increasing competition among college applicants, writing an effective and sincere college recommendation letter is one way high school teachers can help students stand out among the competition. Here are a few things I have learned how to write a recommendation for my students.Try beginning your letter with something the person tasked with screening hundreds of recommendation letters will remember. I like to start with an amusing story that illustrates who the student is and how others perceive them. Make sure to use the student’s full name for the first reference and then just the first name after that. My favorite strategy is to end the paragraph with a single sentence that highlights the student’s strongest characteristics.In the body of the letter, focus on who the student is rather than what the student has done. What college reps want to know is how the student will fit into their environment. Give specific examples of how the student achieved--did they overcome obstacles or tackle any challenges to reach their goals? I usually write two short paragraphs for the body. Sometimes the first relates character to academics, and the next relates character to extracurricular activities. Other times, I use the student’s characteristics as the main focal points.Conclude with a sincere statement of recommendation for the student to the college of their choice. When sending the recommendation to a single college, use the college’s name in your recommendation. Lastly, I return to using the student’s full name in my final reference to him in the letter.My last statement encourages the college to contact me with any further questions. I’ll be surely delighted to receive any of their inquiry, meaning my student is under their consideration!七、汉译英(整句)52.(2021·上海·上海市实验学校校考三模)他词汇量大,常被别人称作活字典,而且乐于助人。
上海市上海交通大学附属中学等四校联考2024-2025学年高一上学期10月数学试卷一、填空题1.已知全集{}0,1,2,3,4U =,集合{}1,2A =,{}2,3B =则A B ⋂=.2.不等式3102x x +≤-的解集是.3.已知,R b c ∈,关于x 的不等式20x bx c -+<的解集为()3,2-,则b c +=.4.已知方程22430x x +-=的两实根为12,x x ,则12x x -的值为.5.若:||1x m α-<是:04x β<<的充分非必要条件,则实数m 的取值范围是.6.化简:211133221566425a b a b a ⎛⎫⎛⎫- ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭=.(其中0a >,0b >)7.已知,0x y >且31x y +=,则11x y+的最小值为8x 的分式方程3211m x x +=--有正数解,则符合条件的整数m 的和是.9.已知实数a b c >>,且0a b c ++=,则c a 的取值范围是.10.若关于x 的不等式()2220x m x m -++<的解集中恰有3个整数,则实数m 的取值范围为.11.已知a ,b ,c 不全为无理数,则关于三个数a b +,b c +,c a +,下列说法正确的是(把所有正确选项都填上)①可能均为有理数②可能均为无理数③可能恰有一个为有理数④可能恰有两个为有理数12.已知二次函数2()(0)f x ax bx c a =++>,若集合{()0,13}A xf x x ==≤≤∣中恰有两个元素,则(2)f a 的取值范围为.二、单选题13.下列结论中错误的有()A .若a ,b 为正实数,a b >,则3322a b a b ab +>+B .若a ,b ,m 为正实数,a b <,则a m ab m b+<+C .若22a b c c >,则a b >;D .当0x >时,2xx+的最小值为14.下列问题中,a ,b 是不相等的正数,比较x ,y ,z 的表达式.下列选项正确的是()问题甲:一个直径a 寸的披萨和一个直径b 寸的披萨,面积和等于两个直径都是x 寸的披萨;问题乙:某人散步,第一圈的速度是a ,第二圈的速度是b ,这两圈的平均速度为y ;问题丙:将一物体放在两臂不等长的天平测量,放左边时右侧砝码质量为a (天平平衡),放右边时左边砝码质量为b (天平平衡),物体的实际质量为z .A .x y z >>B .x z y >>C .z x y >>D .z y x>>15.设1237 A A A A 、、、、是均含有2个元素的集合,且171(1,2,3,,6)i i A A A A i +=∅==∅ 、,记1237B A A A A =⋃⋃⋃⋃ ,则B 中元素个数的最小值是()A .4B .5C .6D .716.已知集合S 是由某些正整数组成的集合,且满足:若a S ∈,则当且仅当(a m n =+其中,m n S ∈且)m n ≠,或(a p q =+其中*,,,Z p q S p q ∉∈且)p q ≠.现有如下两个命题:①4S ∈;②集合{}35,N x x n n S =+∈⊆.则下列选项中正确的是()A .①是真命题,②是真命题;B .①是真命题,②是假命题C .①是假命题,②是真命题;D .①是假命题,②是假命题.三、解答题17.设集合{}260P x x x =--<,{}23Q x a x a =≤≤+.(1)若Q P Q P ≠∅= 且,求实数a 的取值范围;(2)若P Q =∅ ,求实数a 的取值范围.18.已知函数()y f x =满足2()21f x x a x a =-+-+(1)当2a =时,求不等式()4f x ≥的解集;(2)若()4f x ≥恒成立,求实数a 的取值范围.19.某种商品原来每件售价为25元,年销售8万件.(1)据市场调查,若价格每提高1元,销售量将相应减少2000件,要使销售的总收入不低于原收入,该商品每件定价最多为多少?(2)为了扩大商品的影响力,提高年销售量,公司决定明年对该商品进行全面技术革新和营销策略改革,并提高价格到x 元,公司拟投入()216006x -万元作为技改费用,投入50万元作为固定宣传费用,试问:该商品明年的销售量a 至少达到多少万件时,才可能使明年的销售收入不低于原收入与总投入之和?并求出此时每件商品的定价.20.已知a b c d ,,,为正实数,利用平均不等式证明(1)(2)并指出等号成立条件,然后解决(3)中的实际问题.(1)请根据基本不等式2a b +≥(,a b R +∈),证明:4a b c d +++≥;(2)请利用(1)的结论,证明:3a b c ++≥(3)如图,将边长为1米的正方形硬纸板,在它的四个角各减去一个小正方形后,在这层一个无盖纸盒.如果要使制作的盒子容积最大,那么剪去的小正方形的边长应为多少米?21.对于集合{}()12,,,3n A a a a n Z n =∈≥ ,其中每个元素均为正整数,如果任意去掉其中一个元素(1,2,3,)i a i n = 之后,剩余的所有元素组成集合(1,2,)i A i n = ,并且i A 都能分为两个集合B 和C ,满足B C =∅ ,i B C A ⋃=,其中B 和C 的所有元素之和相等,就称集合A 为“可分集合”.(1)判断集合{}1,2,3,4和{}1,3,5,7,9,11,13是否是“可分集合”(不必写过程);(2)求证:五个元素的集合{}12345,,,,A a a a a a =一定不是“可分集合”;(3)若集合{}()12,,,3n A a a a n Z n =∈≥ 是“可分集合”.①证明:n 为奇数;②求集合A 中元素个数的最小值.。
1. 一、填空题(第1-6题每题3分,第7-10题每题4分,共342024-2025学年上海市徐汇区高一上学期12月联考数学检测试卷分)若{}222,a a a∈+,则实数a =________.【答案】2-【解析】【分析】根据元素与集合的关系列方程,结合集合元素的互异性来求得正确答案.【详解】依题意,{}222,a a a ∈+,当22a =,1a =时,22a a +=,不符合.当22a a +=时,解得2a =-或1a =(舍去),当2a =-时,集合为{}4,2-,符合题意.所以2a =-.故答案为:2-2. 若幂函数()()()2221n nf x n n xn -=+-∈Z 是偶函数,则n =________.【答案】8【解析】【分析】根据幂函数的知识来求得n 的值.【详解】由于()f x 是幂函数,所以211n n +-=,解得1n =或2n =-,当1n =时,()11f x xx-==是奇函数,不符合题意.当2n =-时,()8f x x =是偶函数,符合题意.故答案为:83. 不等式2101x x+≤-的解集为________.【答案】1|2x x ⎧≤-⎨⎩或x >1}【解析】【分析】根据分式不等式的解法来求得正确答案.【详解】依题意,()()2110210110x x x x x ⎧+-≤+≤⇔⎨--≠⎩,解得12x ≤-或1x >,所以不等式的解集为1|2x x ⎧≤-⎨⎩或x >1}.故答案为:1|2x x ⎧≤-⎨⎩或x >1}4. 函数()()2lg 4f x x x =-+的值域为________.【答案】(],lg 4-∞【解析】【分析】先求得函数的定义域,然后根据对数函数的单调性求值域.【详解】由―x 2+4x =―x (x ―4)>0,解得04x <<,所以()f x 的定义域是(0,4),二次函数()2404y x x x =-+<<的开口向下,对称轴为2x =,所以(]240,4y x x =-+∈,又函数lg y x =在(]0,4上单调递增,所以()f x 的值域是(],lg 4∞-.故答案为:(],lg 4∞-5. 已知函数()f x 是定义在[]4,4-上的奇函数,当[0,4]x ∈时的图象如图所示,那么()0f x >的解集是_____.【答案】()()()2,10,12,4--⋃⋃【解析】【分析】由图象结合奇函数性质分类讨论即可求解.【详解】由题意()()f x f x =--,当[0,4]x ∈时,()001f x x >⇒<<或24x <<,()012f x x <⇒<<,所以()()()001221f x f x f x x x =-->⇒-<⇒<-<⇒-<<-,所以()0f x >的解集是()()()2,10,12,4--⋃⋃.故答案为:()()()2,10,12,4--⋃⋃.6. 已知11232f x x ⎛⎫-=+⎪⎝⎭,若()4f t =,则t =________.【答案】34-##0.75-【解析】【分析】首先求出()f x 解析式,再代入计算可得.【详解】因为1112341722f x x x ⎛⎫⎛⎫-=+=-+⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,所以()47f x x =+,因为()4f t =,所以474t +=,解得34t =-.故答案为:34-7. 已知函数()y f x =是定义在R 上的奇函数,且当0x <时,()e ax f x =.若(ln 2)4f =-,则实数a 的值为____________.【答案】2-【解析】分析】根据给定条件,确定ln 20>,再借助奇函数性质及给定值列式计算作答.【详解】函数()y f x =是定义在R 上的奇函数,且当0x <时,()e ax f x =,而ln 20>,于是1ln 2ln 24e 1(ln 2)(ln 2)(ln 22e a a a f f f --=--=-==-=--=-,解得2a =-,所以实数a 值为2-.故答案为:2-8. 存在x ∈R 使不等式2212x a a x -<--成立,则实数a 的取值范围是________.【的【答案】()1,1,3⎛⎫-∞⋃+∞ ⎪⎝⎭【解析】【分析】根据绝对值的三角不等式和一元二次不等式计算即可.【详解】存在R x ∈,不等式2212x a a x -<--成立,变形即2221x a x a +-<-成立,由于22(2)2x a x x a x a -+≥--=,当且仅当()220x x a -≤时取等号,因此有|||21|a a <-,两边平方22(21)a a <-,解得1a >或13a <,即实数a 的取值范围是()1,1,3⎛⎫-∞⋃+∞ ⎪⎝⎭.故答案为:()1,1,3⎛⎫-∞⋃+∞ ⎪⎝⎭.9. 已知()()()1,1113,12a x x f x a x x ⎧+≥-⎪=⎨-+<-⎪⎩,满足任意1x ,2x ∈R ,12x x ≠,都有()()12120f x f x x x ->-,则实数a 的取值范围为________.【答案】10,6⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦【解析】【分析】根据函数的单调性列不等式,由此求得a 的取值范围.【详解】依题意,()f x 满足任意1x ,2x ∈R ,12x x ≠,都有()()12120f x f x x x ->-,所以()f x R 上单调递增,所以()()()130********aa a a ⎧⎪->⎪>⎨⎪⎪-+≥-⨯-+⎩,解得106a <≤,所以a 的取值范围是10,6⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦.在故答案为:10,6⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦10. 已知函数()242,2,xx x x af x x a ⎧-+<=⎨≥⎩,其中04a <<.若方程()()2f f x =有且只有一个解,则实数a 的取值范围是________.【答案】((221,2⋃【解析】【分析】作出函数242,2x y x x y =-+=图象,令()t f x =,则()2f t =,再分01a <≤和14a <<两种情况讨论,结合图象即可得出答案.【详解】如图,作出函数242,2x y x x y =-+=的图象,令()t f x =,则()2f t =,当01a <≤时,由()2f t =,得0t =或1t =,即()0f x =或()1f x =,若方程()1f x =只有一个解,则2242142001a a a a a ⎧-+<⎪-+≥⎨⎪<≤⎩,解得22a <≤-,若方程()0f x =只有一个解,则201420a a a <≤⎧⎨-+<⎩,解得21a <≤,此时方程()1f x =必有解,与题意矛盾,所以(2a ⎤∉⎦,当14a <<时,由()2f t =,得0t =,即()0f x =,令2420x x -+=,解得2x =±,要使方程()0f x =只有一个解,则1422a a <<⎧⎪⎨<≤+⎪⎩12a <≤综上所述,a的取值范围是((221,2⋃.的故答案为:((221,2-⋃+.【点睛】方法点睛:已知函数有零点(方程有根)求参数值(取值范围)常用的方法:(1)直接法:直接求解方程得到方程的根,再通过解不等式确定参数范围;(2)分离参数法:先将参数分离,转化成求函数的值域问题加以解决;(3)数形结合法:先对解析式变形,进而构造两个函数,然后在同一平面直角坐标系中画出函数的图象,利用数形结合的方法求解.二、单选题(第11、12题每题3分,第13、14题每题4分,共14分)11. 若实数a 、b 满足220a b >>,则下列不等式中成立的是( )A. a b > B. 22a b>C. a b > D. 2222log log a b>【答案】D 【解析】【分析】对于D ,结合对数函数的单调性即可判断;对于ABC ,取2a =-,1b =-即可判断.【详解】由题意,220a b >>,所以2222log log a b >,故D 正确;当2a =-,1b =-时,220a b >>,但a b <,22a b <,a b <,故A ,B ,C 错误.故选:D.12. 若1x ,2x 是一元二次方程20x ax a -+=的两个实数根,且22123x x +=,则a 的值为( )A. 1-B. 3C. 1-或3D. 1或3-【答案】A 【解析】【分析】利用根与系数关系来求得正确答案.【详解】依题意,1x ,2x 是一元二次方程20x ax a -+=的两个实数根,所以240,0a a a ∆=-><或4a >,1212,x x a x x a +==,所以()2222121212223x x x x x x a a +=+-=-=,解得3a =(舍去)或1a =-.故选:A13. 已知1x y +=,0y >,0x >,则1y x y+的最小值为( )A.92B. 0C. 3D.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】结合“1”的代换,利用基本不等式来求得正确答案.【详解】1113y y x y y x x y x y x y ++=+=++≥+=,当且仅当1,2y x y x x y ===时等号成立,所以1y x y+的最小值为3.故选:C14. :p 存在a ∈R 且0a ≠,对于任意的x ∈R ,使得()()()f x a f x f a +<+;1:q ()f x 在R 上单调递减,且()0f x >恒成立;2:q ()f x 在R 上单调递增,且存在00x <使得()00f x =;下列说法成立的是( )A. 只有1q 是p 的充分条件B. 只有2q 是p 的充分条件C. 1q 、2q 都是p 的充分条件D. 1q 、2q 都不是p 的充分条件【答案】C 【解析】【分析】根据函数单调性的定义及充分条件的定义判断即可.【详解】对于命题1:q ()f x 在R 上单调递减,且()0f x >恒成立,当0a >时,此时x a x +>,又因为()f x 在R 上单调递减,所以()()f x a f x +<,又因为()0f x >恒成立,所以()()()f x f x f a <+,所以()()()f x a f x f a +<+,所以命题1q ⇒命题p ,对于命题2:q ()f x 在R 上单调递增,且存在00x <使得()00f x =,当00a x =<时,此时x a x +<,()()00f a f x ==,又因为()f x 在R 上单调递增,所以()()f x a f x +<,所以()()()f x a f x f a +<+,所以命题2q ⇒命题p ,所以1q 、2q 都是p 的充分条件,故选:C.【点睛】关键点点睛:本题解决的关键在于熟练掌握函数单调性的定义,找到相应a 的值,从而得解.三、解答题(共52分)15. 已知函数()221f x x ax =-++,设:p ()f x 在(],1-∞上单调递增,在[)2,+∞上单调递减;:32q m a m -≤≤.(1)若p 成立,求a 的取值范围;(2)若p 是q 的充分不必要条件,求m 的取值范围.【答案】(1)[]4,8 (2)[]4,7【解析】【分析】(1)根据二次函数的性质得到124a≤≤,解得即可;(2)依题意可得[]4,8真包含于[]3,2m m -,即可得到不等式组,解得即可.【小问1详解】因为二次函数()221f x x ax =-++的对称轴为4a x =,若p 成立,即()f x 在(],1-∞上单调递增,在[)2,+∞上单调递减,所以124a≤≤,解得48a ≤≤,即a 的取值范围为[]4,8;【小问2详解】因为:p 48a ≤≤,:32q m a m -≤≤,又p 是q 的充分不必要条件,所以[]4,8真包含于[]3,2m m -,所以3428m m -≤⎧⎨≥⎩(等号不同时成立),解得47m ≤≤,经检验,当4m =或7m =时,{}{}4832a a a m a m ≤≤≠-≤≤,所以m 的取值范围为[]4,7.16. 已知函数1()e 12x b f x =-+为奇函数.(1)求实数b 的值;(2)关于x 的不等式20()f x mx n ++>的解集为(1,2),求m 、n 的值【答案】(1)1b =; (2)3,2m n =-=.【解析】【分析】(1)根据给定条件,由(0)0f =求出b 并验证即得答案.(2)利用指数函数单调性确定函数()f x 的单调性,再把不等式化成一元二次不等式,利用给定解集求出,m n .【小问1详解】函数1()e 12x b f x =-+的定义域为R ,由()f x 为奇函数,得(0)0f =,则010e 12b -=+,解得1b =,此时11()e 12x f x =-+,1111e 1()()10e 12e 12e 1e 1x x x x x f x f x --+=-+-=+-=++++,函数()f x 为奇函数,所以1b =.【小问2详解】函数e 1x y =+在R 上单调递增,则函数()f x 在R 上单调递减,不等式222()0)(0)0(f x mx n f x mx n f x mx n ++>⇔++>⇔++<,依题意,不等式20x mx n ++<的解集为(1,2),则1,2是方程20x mx n ++=的两个根,于是1212m n+=-⎧⎨⨯=⎩,所以3,2m n =-=.17. 已知函数()()44log 3log 4f x x x =-⋅.(1)当()0f x ≥时,求x 的取值范围;(2)令()()244log 2log g x f x x a x =+-⋅,求()g x 在244,4x ⎡⎤∈⎣⎦上的最小值.【答案】(1)[)10,64,4⎛⎤+∞ ⎥⎝⎦(2)()2min14,23,24138,4a a g x a a a a -≤⎧⎪=--<<⎨⎪-≥⎩【解析】【分析】(1)依题意可得()()()44log 31log f x x x =-⋅+,令()0f x ≥,求出4log x 的取值范围,从而求出x 的取值范围;(2)依题意可得()()244log 2log 3g x x a x =-⋅-,再令4log t x =,结合二次函数的性质计算可得.【小问1详解】因为()()()()4444log 3log 4log 31log f x x x x x =-⋅=-⋅+,令()0f x ≥,即()()44log 31log 0x x -⋅+≥,则4log 3x ≥或4log 1x ≤-,解得3464x ≥=或104x <≤,所以x 的取值范围为[)10,64,4∞⎛⎤⋃+ ⎥⎝⎦;【小问2详解】因为()()244log 2log g x f x x a x=+-⋅()()4444log 31log 2log 2log x x x a x=-⋅++-⋅()244log 2log 3x a x =-⋅-,令4log t x =,因为244,4x ⎡⎤∈⎣⎦,则[]2,4t ∈,此时有()2244log 2log 323x a x t at -⋅-=--,令()223m t t at =--,[]2,4t ∈,当2a ≤时,()()min 214m t m a ==-;当24a <<时,()()2min 3m t m a a ==--;当4a ≥时,()()min 4138m t m a ==-;综上可得()2min 14,23,24138,4a a g x a a a a -≤⎧⎪=--<<⎨⎪-≥⎩18. 中共中央政治局会议中明确提出支持新能源汽车加快发展.发展新能源汽车是我国从汽车大国迈向汽车强国的必由之路,是推动绿色发展的战略举措.2024年某企业计划引进新能源汽车生产设备,通过市场分析,全年需投入固定成本2500万元,每生产x (百辆),需另投入成本()f x (万元),且210100,(040)()100005014800,40x x x f x x x x ⎧+<<⎪=⎨+-≥⎪⎩,由市场调研知,若每辆车售价5万元,则当年内生产的车辆能在当年全部销售完.(1)求出2024年的利润()g x (万元)关于年产量x (百辆)的函数关系式;(2)当2024年的年产量为多少百辆时,企业所获利润最大?并求出最大利润.【答案】(1)2104002500,040()100002300,40x x x g x x x x ⎧-+-<<⎪=⎨--+≥⎪⎩(2)100,最大利润为2100万元【解析】【分析】(1)根据题意求解即可;(2)利用基本不等式和二次函数的性质求分段函数的最值即可.【小问1详解】由题意知利润()g x =收入-总成本,所以利润2104002500,040()51002500()100002300,40x x x g x x f x x x x ⎧-+-<<⎪=⨯--=⎨--+≥⎪⎩,故2023年的利润()(g x 万元)关于年产量(x 百辆)的函数关系式为.2104002500,040()100002300,40x x x g x x x x ⎧-+-<<⎪=⎨--+≥⎪⎩.【小问2详解】当040x <<时,22()10400250010(20)1500g x x x x =-+-=--+,故当20x =时,max ()1500g x =,当40x ≥时,10000()230023002100g x x x =--+≤-+=,当且仅当10000x x=,即100x =时取得等号;综上所述,当产量为100(百辆)时,取得最大利润,最大利润为2100万元.19. 已知函数()f x 和()g x 的定义域分别为D 1和D 2,若对任意01x D ∈,恰好存在n 个不同的实数122,,n x x x D ∈ ,使得()()0i g x f x =(其中1,2,,i n = ,1n ≥,*n ∈N ),则称()g x 为()f x 的“n 重覆盖函数”.(1)试判断()g x x =是否为()21f x x =-的“2重覆盖函数”?请说明理由;(2)若()2,211,1x a x g x x x ⎧--≤≤⎪=⎨->⎪⎩为()222log 21x x f x +=+的“2重覆盖函数”,求实数a ;(3)函数[]x 表示不超过x 的最大整数,如[]1.21=,[]22=,[]1.22-=-.()[]h x ax ax =-,[)0,2x ∈,若()h x 为()21x f x x =+,[)0,x ∈+∞的“2024重覆盖函数”,求正实数a 的取值范围.【答案】(1)不是,理由见解析(2)14a =或2a = (3)4047,10124⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦【解析】【分析】(1)根据“n 重覆盖函数”的定义判断即可;(2)由题意可得即对任意0R x ∈,存在2个不同的实数[)12,2,x x ∈-+∞),使得()()0i g x f x =(其中1,2i =),即()()021log 10,121i x g x ⎛⎫=+∈ ⎪+⎝⎭,对a 进行分类讨论来进行求解.(3)先求出()102f x <≤,再做出函数()h x 的图象,数形结合解决问题.【小问1详解】对于()21f x x =-,有()01f =-,而()0g x x =≥,所以()g x 不是()f x 的“2重覆盖函数”.【小问2详解】由题意可得()22221log log 12121x x x f x +⎛⎫==+ ⎪++⎝⎭的定义域为R ,即对任意0R x ∈,存在2个不同的实数[)12,2,x x ∈-+∞),使得()()0i g x f x =(其中1,2i =),20x > ,则11211011122121x xx +>⇒<<⇒<+<++,210log 1121x ⎛⎫∴<+< ⎪+⎝⎭,即()()021log 10,121i x g x ⎛⎫=+∈ ⎪+⎝⎭,即对任意()01,k g x k <<=有2个实根,当1x >时,()1g x x k =-=已有一个根,故只需21x -≤≤时,()()01g x k k =<<仅有1个根①:当0,0a a -≥≤时,()()()122,1,24x g x a g g a a ⎡⎤=-∈-=--⎡⎤⎣⎦⎢⎥⎣⎦,则104210a a a ⎧-≤⎪⎪-≥⎨⎪≤⎪⎩,此不等式组无解.当0,0a a -<>时,令()20xg x a =-=,解得2log x a =,当2211log 2log ,044a a ≤-=<≤时,()()()122,1,24x g x a g g a a ⎡⎤=-∈-=--⎡⎤⎣⎦⎢⎥⎣⎦,所以10421104a a a ⎧-≤⎪⎪-≥⎨⎪⎪<≤⎩,解得14a =.当222112log log log 21,144a a -=<<=<<时,不满足①,当22log 1log 2,2a a ≥=≥时,()()()121,22,4x g x a g g a a ⎡⎤=-∈-=--⎡⎤⎣⎦⎢⎥⎣⎦,所以201142a a a -≤⎧⎪⎪-≥⎨⎪≥⎪⎩,解得2a =.综上所述,14a =或2a =【小问3详解】因为()[)2,0,1x f x x x ∞=∈++,当0x =时,()00f =,当0x >时,()0f x >且()211112x f x x x x ==≤=++,当且仅当1x =时取等号,所以()102f x <≤.综上可得()012f x ≤≤,即()002010,12x f x x ⎡⎤=∈⎢⎥+⎣⎦,则对于任意()[)10,,,0,22m h x m x ⎡⎤∈=∈⎢⎥⎣⎦要有2024个根,()[]1,0,121,,,232,,ax x a ax x h x ax ax a a ax x a a ⎧⎡⎫∈⎪⎪⎢⎣⎭⎪⎪⎡⎫-∈⎪⎪⎢=-=⎣⎭⎨⎪⎡⎫⎪-∈⎪⎢⎪⎣⎭⎪⋯⎩作出函数的图象(部分),如图:要使()[),0,2x h x m ∈=有2024个根,则4047202422a a <≤,又0a >,则404710124a <≤,故正实数a 的取值范围4047,10124⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦.【点睛】难点点睛:本题难点在于对新概念的理解,只需根据定义将问题转化为对于()f x 定义域内任意实数m ,直线y m =与函数()h x 的图象有n 个交点的问题,然后利用单调性或图象即可求解.。
2025届上海市静安、杨浦、青浦、宝山四区高三六校第一次联考数学试卷考生须知:1.全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,全部在答题纸上作答。
选择题必须用2B 铅笔填涂;非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。
2.请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
3.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
一、选择题:本题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.已知a ,b ,R c ∈,a b c >>,0a b c ++=.若实数x ,y 满足不等式组040x x y bx ay c ≥⎧⎪+≤⎨⎪++≥⎩,则目标函数2z x y=+( )A .有最大值,无最小值B .有最大值,有最小值C .无最大值,有最小值D .无最大值,无最小值2.在ABC ∆中,0OA OB OC ++=,2AE EB =,AB AC λ=,若9AB AC AO EC ⋅=⋅,则实数λ=( )A .3B .2C .3D .23.已知向量0,2a ,()23,b x =,且a 与b 的夹角为3π,则x =( )A .-2B .2C .1D .-14.已知()f x 是定义是R 上的奇函数,满足3322f x f x ⎛⎫⎛⎫-+=+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,当30,2x ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时, ()()2ln 1f x x x =-+,则函数()f x 在区间[]0,6上的零点个数是( ) A .3B .5C .7D .95.已知数列{}n a 中,112,()1,n n n a n a a a n N *+=-=+∈ ,若对于任意的[]*2,2,a n N ∈-∈,不等式21211n a t at n +<+-+恒成立,则实数t 的取值范围为( ) A .(][),21,-∞-⋃+∞ B .(][),22,-∞-⋃+∞ C .(][),12,-∞-⋃+∞D .[]2,2-6.在ABC 中,已知9AB AC ⋅=,sin cos sin B A C =,6ABCS=,P 为线段AB 上的一点,且CA CB CP x y CACB=⋅+⋅,则11x y+的最小值为( )A .73123+B .12C .43D .53124+7.设1,0(){2,0xx x f x x -≥=<,则((2))f f -=( ) A .1-B .14C .12D .328.已知抛物线2:6C y x =的焦点为F ,准线为l ,A 是l 上一点,B 是直线AF 与抛物线C 的一个交点,若3FA FB =,则||BF =( )A .72B .3C .52D .29.某三棱锥的三视图如图所示,则该三棱锥的体积为A .23B .43C .2D .8310.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知点()0,2A -,()1,0N ,若动点M 满足2MA MO= ,则·OM ON 的取值范围是( ) A .[]0,2B .0,22⎡⎣C .[]22-,D .22,22-⎡⎣11.记M 的最大值和最小值分别为max M 和min M .若平面向量a 、b 、c ,满足()22a b a b c a b c ==⋅=⋅+-=,则( ) A .max372a c-=B .max372a c+=C .min372a c-= D .min372a c+=12.已知底面为边长为2的正方形,侧棱长为1的直四棱柱1111ABCD A B C D -中,P 是上底面1111D C B A 上的动点.给出以下四个结论中,正确的个数是( )①与点D 距离为3的点P 形成一条曲线,则该曲线的长度是2π; ②若//DP 面1ACB ,则DP 与面11ACC A 所成角的正切值取值范围是6,23⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦; ③若3DP =,则DP 在该四棱柱六个面上的正投影长度之和的最大值为62.A .0B .1C .2D .3二、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分。
上海市八校联考2024学年高三第二学期期末质量抽测数学试题请考生注意:1.请用2B 铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上,请用0.5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。
2.答题前,认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》,按规定答题。
一、选择题:本题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.已知集合{}2|230A x x x =--<,集合{|10}B x x =-≥,则()A B ⋂=R( ).A .(,1)[3,)-∞+∞B .(,1][3,)-∞+∞C .(,1)(3,)-∞+∞D .(1,3)2.如图,在三棱锥S ABC -中,SA ⊥平面ABC ,AB BC ⊥,现从该三棱锥的4个表面中任选2个,则选取的2个表面互相垂直的概率为( )A .12B .14C .13D .233.设x ∈R ,则“|1|2x -< “是“2x x <”的( ) A .充分而不必要条件 B .必要而不充分条件 C .充要条件D .既不充分也不必条件4.已知我市某居民小区户主人数和户主对户型结构的满意率分别如图和如图所示,为了解该小区户主对户型结构的满意程度,用分层抽样的方法抽取30%的户主进行调查,则样本容量和抽取的户主对四居室满意的人数分别为A .240,18B .200,20C .240,20D .200,185.已知R 为实数集,{}2|10A x x =-≤,1|1B x x ⎧⎫=≥⎨⎬⎩⎭,则()A B =R( )A .{|10}x x -<≤B .{|01}x x <≤C .{|10}x x -≤≤D .{|101}x x x -≤≤=或6.波罗尼斯(古希腊数学家,的公元前262-190年)的著作《圆锥曲线论》是古代世界光辉的科学成果,它将圆锥曲线的性质网罗殆尽,几乎使后人没有插足的余地.他证明过这样一个命题:平面内与两定点距离的比为常数k (k >0,且k≠1)的点的轨迹是圆,后人将这个圆称为阿波罗尼斯圆.现有椭圆2222x y a b+=1(a >b >0),A ,B 为椭圆的长轴端点,C ,D 为椭圆的短轴端点,动点M 满足MA MB=2,△MAB 面积的最大值为8,△MCD 面积的最小值为1,则椭圆的离心率为( ) A .23B .33C .22D .327.已知函数()()()2cos 0,0f x x ωϕωϕπ=+><≤的图象如图所示,则下列说法错误的是( )A .函数()f x 在1711,1212ππ⎡⎤--⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递减B .函数()f x 在3,2ππ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递增 C .函数()f x 的对称中心是(),026k k Z ππ⎛⎫-∈ ⎪⎝⎭ D .函数()f x 的对称轴是()5212k x k Z ππ=-∈ 8.已知抛物线2:4C y x =和点(2,0)D ,直线2x ty =-与抛物线C 交于不同两点A ,B ,直线BD 与抛物线C 交于另一点E .给出以下判断:①以BE 为直径的圆与抛物线准线相离;②直线OB 与直线OE 的斜率乘积为2-;③设过点A ,B ,E 的圆的圆心坐标为(,)a b ,半径为r ,则224a r -=. 其中,所有正确判断的序号是( ) A .①②B .①③C .②③D .①②③9.甲、乙、丙、丁四人通过抓阄的方式选出一人周末值班(抓到“值”字的人值班).抓完阄后,甲说:“我没抓到.”乙说:“丙抓到了.”丙说:“丁抓到了”丁说:“我没抓到."已知他们四人中只有一人说了真话,根据他们的说法,可以断定值班的人是( ) A .甲B .乙C .丙D .丁10.设x ,y 满足约束条件21210x y x y x y +≤⎧⎪+≥-⎨⎪-≤⎩,若32z x y =-+的最大值为n ,则12n x x ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭的展开式中2x 项的系数为( ) A .60 B .80C .90D .12011.函数的图象可能是下面的图象( )A .B .C .D .12.如图,在等腰梯形ABCD 中,//AB DC ,222AB DC AD ===,60DAB ∠=︒,E 为AB 的中点,将ADE ∆与BEC ∆分别沿ED 、EC 向上折起,使A 、B 重合为点F ,则三棱锥F DCE -的外接球的体积是( )A .68B .64C .32π D .23π 二、填空题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分。
一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 下列词语中,字形、字音都正确的一项是:A. 瞠目结舌美轮美奂B. 振聋发聩舐犊情深C. 轻歌曼舞气贯长虹D. 美中不足窃窃私语2. 下列各句中,没有语病的一句是:A. 在这次比赛中,他虽然得了第一名,但他并没有骄傲。
B. 为了提高学生的学习成绩,学校采取了一系列措施。
C. 他的演讲内容丰富,条理清晰,赢得了观众的阵阵掌声。
D. 她工作认真负责,经常加班加点,是我们学习的榜样。
3. 下列各句中,标点符号使用不正确的一项是:A. 我国古代的四大发明是:造纸术、印刷术、火药、指南针。
B. 他看着窗外的风景,想起了家乡的亲人,不禁泪流满面。
C. 你要记住,做事要踏实,不能急功近利。
D. 这个问题涉及到很多方面,需要我们共同探讨。
4. 下列各句中,运用比喻手法的一句是:A. 春天的阳光像温暖的怀抱。
B. 他学习刻苦,成绩一直名列前茅。
C. 这座大楼就像一座巍峨的城堡。
D. 她的声音甜美,就像春天的微风。
5. 下列各句中,用词不当的一项是:A. 这部电影讲述了一个感人至深的故事。
B. 他的言谈举止,透露出一种高贵的气质。
C. 这本书内容枯燥,读起来让人昏昏欲睡。
D. 他的成绩一直很好,是班级的佼佼者。
二、填空题(每空2分,共20分)6. 《春》的作者是__________,这首诗描绘了春天的美丽景色。
7. 《草原》一文中,老舍用__________的手法,描绘了草原的辽阔和美丽。
8. 《背影》一文中,作者用__________的描写,表达了对父亲的敬爱之情。
9. 《最后一课》一文中,作者通过__________的描写,表现了法国人民对祖国的热爱。
10. 《我的叔叔于勒》一文中,作者用__________的对比,揭示了人与人之间的冷漠。
三、阅读题(每题5分,共20分)11. 阅读下面的文章,回答问题。
文章:在一个晴朗的早晨,小明来到公园散步。
他看到一位老爷爷在喂鸽子,鸽子们争相飞来,啄食食物。
上海市奉贤中学2023届高三三模数学试题学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________12.设()()21f x x x =≥,()()()223g x x b x =-+≥,A 、D 为曲线()y f x =上两点,B ,C 为曲线()y g x =上两点,且四边形ABCD 为矩形,则实数b 的取值范围为________.二、单选题A .2143e e e e <<<C .2134e e e e <<<15.已知两组数据12,a a Z i ∈时,b a =,b =(1)若12PM=,求PN的长;(2)设AOP x∠=,PM,18.已知三棱锥-P ABC线段PB,PC上.(1)若PB与平面ABC所成角大小为(2)若PC⊥平面AMN,求证:19.某数学学习小组的二次考试.两次考试的成绩如下表所示(满分学生1学生参考答案:8.233/233【详解】函数3y x =在区间因为23y x '=,则3y x =在2故答案为:423-.11.9 54 +因为//GF AB ,所以CGF 同理AGD ACH ∽,所以①+②得1GF GDAB CH+=,即4当1b <-时,若能成为矩形必有2//,()(1)AD BC f x x x =≥上的A 处的在斜率比2()(2)(3)g x x b x =-+≥上的B 点增长率大,所以必有AD BC <,这与AD BC =矛盾.所以b 的取值范围为(1,0)-.故答案为:(1,0)-.【点睛】关键点睛:本题的关键是寻找特殊位置,找到临界值的情况,对b 进行合理地分类讨论,从而得到其范围.13.A【分析】直接利用充分条件与必要条件的定义判断即可.【详解】因为"1""1"x x >⇒≥,但“1x ≥”不能推出“1x >”,故“1x >”是“1x ≥”的充分不必要条件,故选A.【点睛】本题主要考查充分条件与必要条件的定义,意在考查对基本概念的掌握情况,属于简单题.14.C【分析】根据双曲线和椭圆的离心率与图形的关系即可判断.【详解】根据双曲线离心率大于1,椭圆离心率在()0,1之间,则34,e e 都大于12,e e ,根据椭圆越接近圆,则其离心率越接近0,故21e e <,根据双曲线开合程度越大,则离心率越大,故43e e >,综上2134e e e e <<<,故选:C.15.B【分析】根据相关性与线性回归方程的关系即可得到答案.【详解】设点坐标为(),i i a b ,110i ≤≤且Z i ∈,由题意得前9个点位于直线y x =上,面1010a =,则要使相关性更强,10b 应更接近10,四个选项中11更接近10,故选:B.因为1,2x y ==时,24ax y a +=过点A 作直线l 平行于直线y =-当符合条件的点P 在直线l 及左侧时,因为圆O 与双曲线T 的四个交点恰好四等分圆周,则OA c =,45AOF ∠=︒,则22,22A c c ⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭,代入双曲线方程22221x y a b-=因为直线l :y =kx +m 与圆O 则圆心到直线l 距离为2m k 化简得221m k =+,①又π2AOB ∠=,设()11,,A x y B。
20XX年中学测试
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20XX年高中测试
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20XX-2021学年度上海十三校高三年级联考
化学试题
本卷可能用到的相对原子质量:H—1,C—12,O—16,F—19,Na—23,Mg—24,Si—28,Ca—40,Cu—64,Fe—56,Br—80,I—127,K—39,Al—27,
第Ⅰ卷(共66分)
一、选择题(本题共10分)每小题2分,只有一个正确选项。
1.上海要建成资源节约和生态保护型省份。
下列措施或说法不符合
...这一理念的是()A.推广“绿色自由”计划,吸收空气中的CO2并利用廉价能源合成汽油
B.做好空气质量预报工作,以便污染程度高时好防护
C.工业废水的“再生”处理,用于道路保洁、城市喷泉和洗车等
D.利用风能、生物能发电,强制实施火力发电用煤的脱硫处理
2.月球上的每百吨3
2
He聚变所释放出的能量相当于目前人类一年消耗的能量,地球上氦元
素主要以4
2He的形式存在。
已知一个12C原子的质量为ag,一个3
2
He原子的质量为bg,
N A为阿伏伽德罗常数。
下列说法正确的是()
A.3
2He比4
2
He多一个中子B.氦元素的近似相对原子质量为3
C.3
2He的相对原子质量为
a
b
12
D.3
2
He的摩尔质量为bN A
3.下列化学用语表示正确的是()A.甲基的电子式:
B.氮原子的轨道表示式:
C.氯离子的最外层电子排布:3s23p6
D.硫离子的结构示意图:
4.下列物质溶于水时会破坏水的电离平衡,且属于电解质的是()
A .氯气
B .二氧化碳
C .碘化钾
D .醋酸钠 5.下列对化学反应的认识错误的是
( ) A .有化学键破坏的一定是化学反应
B .会产生新的物质
C .可能会引起物质状态的变化
D .一定伴随着能量的变化
二、选择题(本题36分)每小题3分,只有一个正确选项。
6.下列叙述不正确的是
( )
A .构成分子晶体的微粒中一定含有共价键
B .只含有共价键的化合物一定是共价化合物
C .离子晶体中不一定只含有离子键
D .同主族元素形成的氧化物的晶体类型可能相同
7.下列实验现象或结论描述正确的是 ( ) A .加热滴有酚酞的32CO K (稀溶液):红色变浅
B .含
3Fe 的溶液中滴入KSCN (溶液):产生红色沉淀
C .稀溴水滴入含少量的苯酚浓溶液中:产生白色沉淀
D .将三氯化铝溶液蒸干,可得固体氯化铝
8.如图装置可以用来发生、洗涤、干燥、收集(不考虑尾气处理)气体。
该装置可用于( )
水 浓H 2SO 4
A .二氧化锰和浓盐酸生成氯气
B .锌和盐酸生成氢气
C .碳酸钙和盐酸生成二氧化碳
D .氯化钠和浓硫酸生成氯化氢
9.下列有关工业生产的叙述正确的是 ( )
A .合成氨生产过程中将NH 3液化分离,可加快正反应速率,提高2N 、2H 的转化率
B .硫酸工业中,在接触室安装热交换器是为了利用3SO 转化为42SO H 时放出的热量
C .炼铁是铁矿石在高温下被氧化的过程
D .用烧杯液吸收硝酸工业尾气中的氮氧化物,不仅可以防止有害物质的排放,还可以
生产有用的2NaNO
10.下列实验方法使用合理的是 ( )
A .将200g10%的盐酸加热蒸发,得到100克溶液,其浓度为20%
B .用纸上层析法检验氯化铁溶液中是否混有少量氯化铜
C .在制备乙酸丁酯的实验中,将得到的粗产品先用水洗,再用NaOH 溶液洗,然后分液,
可得到乙酸丁酯的精品
D .为了提高KMnO 4溶液的氧化能力,用盐酸将其酸化
11.下列各组物质性质比较中正确的是
( )
A .常温常压下溶解度:3323NaHCO CO Na CaCO <<
B .氧化性:++++<<<322Fe Cu H Mg
C .酸性:H 4SiO 4<H 3PO 4<H 2SO 4<HClO
D .沸点:SiC >I 2>Si >HF
12.我们能在昏暗的光线下看见物体,离不开视网膜中一种叫“视黄醛”(见甲)的有机化
合物,而与结构简式如图视黄醛相似结构的维生素A (见乙)常作为保健药物。
则下列有关叙述正确的是( )
A .视黄醛的分子式为C 21H 26O
B .维生素A 分子结构中含有笨环、碳碳双键和羟基
C .维生素A 是视黄醛的氧化产物
D .1mol 视黄醛在一定条件下最多能与6molH 2发生反应
13.下列说法正确的是 ( )
A .金属腐蚀就是金属原子失去电子被还原的过程
B.钢铁吸氧腐蚀时,负极反应式为:2H2O+O2+4e→4HO-
C.氯碱工业中,阳极发生的反应为:2Cl-–2e→Cl2↑
D.镀锌铁皮的镀层损坏后,铁更容易腐蚀
14.已知氯气、溴蒸气分别跟氢气反应的热化学方程如下(Q1、Q2均为正值):H2(g)+Br2(g)→2HBr(g)+Q1kJ;H2(g)+I2(g)2HI(g)-Q2kJ
有关上述反应的叙述正确的是()A.1L氢气和1L碘蒸气生成2L碘化氢气吸收Q2热量
B.生成物总能量均高于反应物总能量
C.生成1molHBr气体时放出Q1热量
D.1molHI(g)具有的能量大于1molHI(1)具有的能量
15.用N A表示阿伏加德罗数的值。
下列叙述正确的是()A.25°C时,pH=13的1.0LBa(OH)2溶液中含有的OH-数目为0.2N A
B.标准状况下,2.24LCl2与过量烯的NaOH溶液反应,转移的电子总数为0.2N A
C.室温下,21.0g乙烯和丁烯的混合气体中含有的碳原子数目为1.5N A
D.标准状况下,22.4L乙醇中含有的氧原子数为1.0N A
16.某溶液中仅含有Na+、H+、OH-、CH3COO-四种离子,下列说法错误的是()A.若溶液中部分离子间满足:c(CH3COO-)=c(Na+)则该溶液一定呈中性
B.若溶液中溶质仅为CH3COONa,则离子间一定满足:
C(Na+)>c(CH3COO-)>c(OH-)>c(H+)
C.溶液中四种离子之间可能满足:c(Na+)>c(OH-)>c(CH3DCOO-)>c(H+)D.若溶液中的溶质是CH3COONa和CH3COOH,则溶液中离子间一定满足:C(CH3COO-)>c(Na+)>c(H+)>c(OH-)
17.下图表示金属X、Y以及它们的合金Z分别与足量盐酸反应时产生氢气的情况,其中横坐标表示消耗金属的物质的量,纵坐标表示产物氢气的体积(标准状况)。
下列对有关Z的组成的判断,正确的是()。