TED英语演讲：你该如何面对艰难的选择

TED最励志演讲：如何战胜绝望，走出困境？【尼克·胡哲】演说者：Nick Vujicic演说题目：如何战胜绝望，走出困境！在我们的人生中，常常需要面对各种困境，感到绝望。

此刻，我们总是祈祷奇迹会出现，但往往难拟踪迹。

本期TED演讲者：Nick Vujicic，出生时就没有四肢，陷入无限的绝望中，支撑他挺过绝境的究竟是什么呢？Remark：TED音频下载，网易云音乐搜索主播电台：TED英语演说如何战胜绝望！来自TED英语演说00:0014:53kaka福利：回复关键字'TED演讲资料下载'，即可免费下载。

100+精选TED演讲资料（包含TED视频、音频、中英文演讲稿）持续更新，百度网盘免费下载！中英对照演讲稿Guys, my name is Nick Vujicic, I was born in Australia in 1982, moved from Australia to California in the year 2006. And my life story，I’m just thankful that people have seen my life on some sort of level.大家好，我是尼克·胡哲，1982年出生在澳洲，2006年从澳洲搬到加州。

关于我的故事，我很感激。

就某个程度来说，大家都看到了我的人生。

Whether it’s just YouTube videos or seeing pictures of a limbless guy smile. You know, people always ask me you know, what happened to you and how did you overcome what you’ve been through? 不管是只在YouTube上看影片，或是看到一张没有四肢的人，微笑的照片。

TED：如何做出艰难的选择？最近几天，在线下和线下收到好几个关于选择的咨询，都是读者面临人生中的一些大事，不知道如何判断。

我不打算去代替别人选择人生，但一直在头疼如何回应，刚好遇到一个TED视频，解决了我的问题，也跟大家安利一下，希望也在你面临艰难选择时做出更好的判断关于选择方式还有推荐另一篇文章：如何在生活与工作中做出更好的选择?正文科学的思考可以解决世间一切重要之事。

所以越艰难的选择，我们变得越理性，枚举各种利弊条件，写了一页又一页。

但这时让我们抓狂的事情发生了：我们还是做不了决定！这是因为我们的无知吗？演讲者Ruth Chang亲身经历告诉你，一切不是我们想象得那么简单。

所以，艰难选择之所以艰难，并不是因为我们考虑的不周全，我们的无知，而是因为他们之间本来就没有最好的选择。

因为价值的世界不同于科学的世界。

科学的世界可以被量化，但前一种世界不可以被量化。

“越难的选择，越大程度取决于自己”。

所以，这是不是就验证了，我说的那句：你当时所做的选择，都是你当时认为的最好的选择呢？最后献上哲学家朱莉安的一句话：只有尊重你放弃的选项，才能让你选择的选项变得更有价值。

做出选择时，就是找出说服自己的理由，想想自己想成为怎样的人，比较外界的因素，确实更为有效。

有很多时候，选择之所以艰难，就是因为我们没有想清楚自己到底想要的是什么，从自身找原因去做出选择更有效。

换句说，做选择时是进行价值观的衡量，应该完全遵从自己的想法，选择自己愿意选择的选项。

艰难选择带给我们的是机遇——一个看清自身和遵从内心的方向前进的机遇。

这几天刚好在看几本哲学书籍，然后反复看了几遍视频之后，刚好理解了演讲者Ruth Chang的观点：当你面临人生重大选择的时候，应该选择你的世界观，而不是利益。

扩展阅读：20岁光阴不再来不要吞吃命运的饼干献给女生的毕业演讲：永远不要因为“你是个女人”而放弃什么是你这辈子最重要的东西，你将如何评价你的人生100天行动读者反馈@君月瑶汇报一下2.25以来成绩:一.扇贝打卡已坚持525天二.每天早晚刷牙时做20个深蹲，睡前做45个卷腹三.25天中有14天坚持了郑多燕小红帽和哑铃操二选一，剩余11天坚持了跳绳走路等运动。

The Secret to Overcoming Failure接受挑战，直面困难，把失败当做成功的垫脚石！What is your biggest failure? Have you been able to move past it? Does it still impact daily life? Last year, I failed to accomplish a very important personal goal, something that brought me to my knees. Today, I’m going to share that story with you, and also the lessons that I’ve discovered about how to overcome it.你最大的失败是什么？你是否已经走出了它的阴影？它还会影响日常生活吗？去年，我没能完成一个非常重要的个人目标，这件事几乎把我击垮了。

今天，我将与大家分享这个故事，以及我是如何克服失败的。

Let’s start by doing a little visualization. So please get comfortable in your seat. Perhaps take a long, deep breath. And I’d like you to think about the greatest success that you’ve ever experienced. Now, take a little trip back in time. Can you remember when you set the goal? Can you remember all the planning that you did that helped you achieve that success? OK, now, clear your minds. One more visualization. This time, I want you to think about that big failure. Again, go back in time. Can you remember when you set that goal? Can you remember all the planning that you did that didn’t come to fruition? Perhaps you can remember the exact moment when you knew that you were going to fail. And maybe just the thought of that failure is bringing back lots of feelings of shame. If you’re anything like me, it was much easier to think about the failure and the planning that didn’t come to fruition than the success.让我们先来做一个小小想象。

ted演讲面对巨大的压力该如何应对？（下）我不得不说，我觉得这是个巨大的错误。

单个的人，就像一艘战舰一样，功能齐全，是神的完完全全的化身，人的脆弱的心灵要承载太多的东西，创意的未知的永恒的谜题，就像让一个人吞下太阳一样，它歪曲了人性，使得人们背负着巨大的期望，我觉得这才是过去500年来困扰艺术家们的真正问题。

如果是这样的话，而且我相信事实就是这样，我们能否做些改变呢？回到古代，也许可以帮助我们更好的理解人类和创意之谜之间的关系，也许没有什么用。

我们不可能在18分钟的演讲里就把过去500年来的理性人文主义的影响清除干净。

而且也许在座的某些人也对有精灵帮助我们完成伟大工作的说法持有合理的科学怀疑，所以，我并不试图说服大家。

但问题是，为什么，为什么我们不可以试图这样想想看呢？因为对于解释创意过程的中出现的完全疯狂的随意性，再也没有更好的解释了。

这个过程每个人都曾经历过，也体会过其中无法言说的非理智性，事实上，有时感觉是完全超自然的。

灵感来找你而不是来自于你本身或许更有帮助最近我遇到了著名的诗人Ruth Stone，感触尤深。

她今年90岁了，一直在坚持创作。

她告诉我，她小时候生活在弗吉尼亚州农村，有时在田间工作，她能感到诗歌正从地平线远方袭来，就像巨大的空气流，她能感到正向她脚下袭来，因为脚感受到了震动，那时，她脑子里只充斥着一件事，就是拼命的冲，她冲进屋里，就像被诗歌追赶着一样，她得找到一张纸和一支笔，要足够快，这样当诗歌从她身边席卷而过的时候，她能抓住它写到纸上。

有时她跑的不够快，她跑呀跑呀，在没到屋里之前，诗歌就从脚下溜走了，她错过了它，她望着它从地平线消失，说“它去找另一个诗人了”。

也有的时候，她说，她差点就错过它了，她跑到屋里，在她找纸的时候，诗歌从她身旁经过了，当时她一只手拿着一支笔，她会伸出另一只手，抓住诗歌，抓住它的尾巴把它拽回来，然后就跃然纸上了，但是这时候，诗歌是倒叙的，她先写的结尾，后写的开头。

TED英语演讲稿：勇敢面对挑战，不断学习Ladies and gentlemen,It is a great honor to be speaking at TED today. I want to talk about something that is dear to my heart: the importance of facing challenges head-on and continually learning and growing throughout our lives.Life is full of challenges. Whether it's in our personal lives or our professional lives, we constantly face obstacles that can threaten to derail us. However, it's important to remember that these challenges are not there to defeat us, but to help us grow and improve.When we face challenges, we have a choice. We can either give up and accept defeat, or we can choose to be courageous and keep pushing forward. It's not always easy to choose the latter option, but it is always worth it in the end.One of the keys to facing challenges is to be open to learning. We cannot expect to know everything, and we should never stop learning or growing. It's important to be humble and recognize that there is always something we can improveupon. By continuously learning and growing, we set ourselves up for success in the long run.In our personal lives, this may mean trying new things or putting ourselves in unfamiliar situations. It may meanfacing our fears and pushing ourselves out of our comfort zones. When we do this, we not only become more resilient, but we also open ourselves up to new experiences and opportunities.In our professional lives, it's important to stay up-to-date with the latest trends and technologies in our fields. We should be continuously seeking out opportunities for professional development and growth. By doing so, we not only enhance our own abilities and value as employees, but we also contribute to the success of our organizations.The world is constantly changing, and it's up to us to keep up. This means being adaptable and willing to learn new skills and approaches. It also means being open to feedback and criticism, and using those opportunities to improve and grow.In conclusion, we must be brave and face challenges head-on, never giving up or accepting defeat. We must remain open to learning and growing throughout our lives, continuously seeking out new opportunities for personal and professional development.We all have the capacity to be resilient and courageous in the face of adversity. It's up to us to embrace that capacity, and to use it to achieve our goals and live our best lives. Thank you.。

五分钟的磨难演讲稿TED演讲如何让磨难帮助你获得幸福Solomon一直在重申这八个字.那让我们来看看,这八个字到底有多大的力量.我从逆境中学习,这些年来,我一次又一次,从极大的挑战中得到力量而震撼,人们说,这和找寻生命的意义有关.很长一段时间,我以为生命的意义在某一处它是等待被发掘的真理.但随着时间的迁移,我渐渐感到真理无关紧要我们称它为找寻意义,但或许我们该更准确地称它铸造意义.家庭如何应对各种让人伤脑筋的,或不寻常的儿女们,演讲中说到了一位有两名患有多重残疾的孩童的母亲,她说：人们总是给予我们一些所谓的名言,例如‘上帝不会给你多过你能承载的’但是像我家这样的孩子并不是天生就注定是份礼物.他们是一份礼物,是因为我们选择如此.我们一生中有很多这样的选择.铸造意义以后,你必须把这个意义融入一个新的身份.你需要把创伤变成你自身的一部分,你必须把生命中最糟糕的时间,揉搓成胜利的故事,用更好的自己来还击能伤害你的事物.有些挣扎是先天的：我们的性别,性倾向,种族,残疾.有些是后天发生的事情：成为政治犯,成为的受害者,成为灾难的幸存者.身份意味着进入一个社群从社群中得到力量,并同时给予那社群力量.这需要把但是转换成而且不是我在这儿但是我有癌症而是,我有癌症而且我在这里.当我们对自己感到惭愧,我们就无法阐述自己的故事,而故事是身份的基础.铸造意义,建立身份,铸造意义并建立身份,这变成了我的口头禅.铸造意义所需要的是改变自己.建立身份所需要的是改变世界.所有像我这样身份沾有污点的人每天都必须面对这个问题：我该多大限度地通过禁锢自己来迁就社会我该多大限度地打破所谓正确生活的底线铸造意义和建立身份不会把错的变成对的.只会把错误的变得珍贵.我们不寻求揉搓出我们身份的那些惨痛经验但我们在惨痛的经验之后,却会追寻我们的身份.我们不能承担无谓的痛苦,但如果我们认定它是有意义的,我们就能忍受巨大的痛苦.安逸比起挣扎并不会对我们留下深刻的印象.没有了喜悦,我们还会是我们,但没有了促使我们追寻意义的不幸我们就不是现今的自己.所以,我在不幸中得到快乐,圣保罗在第二哥林多前书中写道,当我软弱时,我是坚强的.我意识到逆境求生的概念,剥削会繁衍抵抗剥削的力量,而我逐渐明白了这是身份的基石.身份从伤痛中拯救了我.同性恋权利运动憧憬一个畸形是一种胜利.身份的政治总是从两方面出发：给有特殊情况或特征的人应有的自豪;和让外在的世界温柔地善待这些人.这是两种不同的途径,但不管哪个方面的进展都会在另一方面造成回响.身份的政治可以变成自恋的.人们称赞不同只是应为那是他们自身的.人们把世界窄化,形成个体,对他人毫无同情.但如果它得以正确的理解和理智的运用,身份的政治应该扩充我们对人性的概念.身份自身不应是让人自满的标签或是一枚金牌但应是一个革命.在美国有29个州,法律准许同性恋身份,而被开除或被拒之门外.在俄罗斯,反政治宣传法导致人们在大街上被殴打.二十七个非洲国家立法严禁,在尼日利亚,同性恋者可以合法地被处于石刑,私刑也最近变得越发常见近日在沙特阿拉伯,两个被逮到在发生肉体关系的男人,每人被判了7000下的鞭刑,而现在变得终身残疾.那谁能铸造意义和建立身份呢同性恋权益不主要是婚姻权益,而对数以百万生活在不包容和缺少资源地方的人们,尊严是可望而不可及的.我很幸运,能够铸造意义和建造身份,但这是少有的特权,同性恋者群体应得到的不只是一点点的正义.然而,每点进步都是甜蜜的.在2019年,在我和我的伴侣相识六年后,我们决定结婚.遇见约翰让我找到了巨大的快乐,也去除了庞大的不快乐,有时候,我太在乎着痛苦的消失,而忘了喜悦,它一开始并不是那么的起眼.婚姻是我们宣扬我们爱的存在而不是缺憾.婚姻很快把他们引导向孩子,而这意味着新的意义和新的身份,我们的和他们的.我要我的孩子们开心,在他们伤心时,我最疼他们.作为一名同性恋的父亲,我可以教导他们去理解他们生命中的错误,但我相信如果我成功地让他们远离逆境,那我身为父亲是失败的..我认识的一位佛教学者曾向我解释西方人错误地认为涅磐降临在所有疾苦消逝只剩下幸福在眼前的时候.但他说这不是涅磐,因为你现今的幸福总会被以前的喜悦掩盖.以他来看,涅磐的降临,是当你眼前只有幸福,而在看起来像是悲伤里也能找到喜悦的种子.有时候我在想如果婚姻和孩子来得更容易些,我是否会找到这样的满足,而如果我年轻时是异性恋,或我还年轻,它们会让事情变得简单.也许我会的.也许我做过的所有的复杂事情都可以应用在其他的议题上.但如果寻求意义比找到意义更重要,那问题不是我是不是因为被欺负而更加快乐,而是这些被赋予意义的经历是否让我成为更好的父亲.我常常发现在普通的快乐中躲藏的狂喜,因为我不认定这些快乐对我来说是普通的.我认识许多异性恋者他们有着同样快乐的婚姻和家庭,但同性婚姻是那么的让人赞叹的新鲜,同性家庭是那么的令人振奋的新奇,而我在这惊喜中找到了意义.曾问过同性恋运动人士哈维·米尔克他能为这个运动做点什么,哈维·米尔克说,出去告诉一个人.世上总是有人想要没收我们的人性但也总是有恢复人性的故事.如果我们活出精彩,我们就能战胜憎恨拓宽众人的生命.铸造意义,建立身份铸造意义,建立身份.然后邀请世界共享你的喜悦.高一（三）班黄晨玥2019.2导师制小组指导老师：侯老师。

TED英语演讲：你该如何面对艰难选择人生的选择无处不在，有的选择很简单，有的选择则很艰难。

而艰难的选择并不都是大的抉择，甚至中午吃什么也会变得很艰难。

所以面对艰难选择，我们应该如何抉择?本期TED演讲者Ruth Chang将告诉我们，面对艰难选择，我们一开始的方向就错了。

下面是小编为大家收集关于TED英语演讲：你该如何面对艰难选择，欢迎借鉴参考。

How to make hard choices演讲者：Ruth Chang| 中英对照演讲稿 |Think of a har d choice you’ll face in the near future. It might be between two careers--artist and accountant--or places to live--the city or the country--or even between two people to marry--you could marry Betty or you could marry Lolita. Or it might be a choice about whether to have children, to have an ailing parent move in with you, to raise your child in a religion that your partner lives by but leaves you cold. Or whether to donate your life savings to charity.设想在不久的未来，你将面对一个艰难的决定。

这也许是在两份职业中做出一个选择，艺术家还是会计师;也许是选择居住的地方，城市还是乡村;也许是在两个人中选择和谁结婚，Betty 或者是Lolita;抑或思考是否要孩子;是否让年老体衰的父母跟你一起住;是否让你的孩子信奉你配偶信仰的宗教，即便你会因自身不信奉而被冷落;又或者说，是否将毕生积储捐赠给慈善机构。

I'm going to talk to you about some stuff that's in this book of mine that I hope will resonate with other things you've already heard, and I'll try to make some connections myself, in case you miss them. I want to start with what I call the "official dogma." The official dogma of what? The official dogma of all western industrial societies. And the official dogma runs like this: if we are interested in maximizing the welfare of our citizens, the way to do that is to maximize individual freedom. The reason for this is both that freedom is in and of itself good, valuable, worthwhile, essential to being human. And because if people have freedom, then each of us can act on our own to do the things that will maximize our welfare, and no one has to decide on our behalf. The way to maximize freedom is to maximize choice.The more choice people have, the more freedom they have, and the more freedom they have, the more welfare they have.This, I think, is so deeply embedded in the water supply that it wouldn't occur to anyone to question it. And it's also deeply embedded in our lives. I'll give you some examples of what modern progress has made possible for us. This is my supermarket. Not such a big one. I want to say just a word about salad dressing. 175 salad dressings in my supermarket, if you don't count the 10 different extra-virgin olive oils and 12 balsamic vinegars you could buy to make a very large number of your own salad dressings, in the off chance that none of the 175 the store has on offer suit you. So this is what the supermarket is like. And then you go to the consumer electronics store to set up a stereo system -- speakers, CD player, tape player, tuner, amplifier. And in this one single consumer electronics store, there are that many stereo systems. We can construct six and a half million different stereo systems out of the components that are on offer in one store.You've got to admit that's a lot of choice. In other domains -- the world of communications. There was a time, when I was a boy, when you could get any kind of telephone service you wanted, as long as it came from Ma Bell. You rented your phone. You didn't buy it. One consequence of that, by the way, is that the phone never broke. And those days are gone. We now have an almost unlimited variety of phones, especially in the world of cell phones. These are cell phones of the future. My favorite is the middle one -- the MP3 player, nose hair trimmer, and creme brulee torch. And if by some chance you haven't seen that in your store yet, you can rest assured that one day soon you will. And what this does is it leads people to walk into their stores asking this question. And do you know what the answer to this question now is? The answer is "No." It is not possible to buy a cell phone that doesn't do too much.So, in other aspects of life that are much more significant than buying things, The same explosion of choice is true. Health care -- it is no longer the case in the United States that you go to the doctor, and the doctor tells you what to do. Instead, you go to the doctor, and the doctor tells you, well, we could do A, or we could do B. A has these benefits, and these risks. B has these benefits, and these risks. What do you want to do? And you say, "Doc, what should I do?" And the doc says, A has these benefits and risks, and B has these benefits and risks. What do you want to do? And you say, "If you were me, Doc, what would you do?" And the doc says, "But I'm not you." And the result is -- we call it "patient autonomy," which makes it sound like a good thing. But what it really is is a shifting of the burden and the responsibility for decision-making from somebody whoknows something -- namely the doctor -- to somebody who knows nothing and is almost certainly sick and thus not in the best shape to be making decisions -- namely the patient.There's enormous marketing of prescription drugs to people like you and me, which, if you think about it, makes no sense at all, since we can't buy them. Why do they market to us if we can't buy them? The answer is that they expect us to call our doctors the next morning and ask prescriptions to be changed. Something as dramatic as our identity has now become a matter of choice, as this slide is meant to indicate. We don't inherit an identity, we get to invent it. And we get to re-invent ourselves as often as we like. And that means that every day when you wake up in the morning, you have to decide what kind of person you want to be. With respect to marriage and family, there was a time when the default assumption that almost everyone had is that you got married as soon as you could, and then you started having kids as soon as you could. The only real choice was who, not when, and not what you did after.Nowadays, everything is very much up for grabs. I teach wonderfully intelligent students, and I assign 20 percent less work than I used to. And it's not because they're less smart, and it's not because they're less diligent. It's because they are preoccupied, asking themselves, "Should I get married or not? Should I get married now? Should I get married later? Should I have kids first, or a career first?" All of these are consuming questions. And they're going to answer these questions, whether or not it means not doing all the work I assign and not getting a good grade in my courses. And indeed they should. These are important questions to answer. Work -- we are blessed, as Carl was pointing out, with the technology that enables us to work every minute of every day from any place on the planet -- except the Randolph Hotel.(Laughter)There is one corner, by the way, that I'm not going to tell anybody about, where the WiFi works. I'm not telling you about it because I want to use it. So what this means, this incredible freedom of choice we have with respect to work, is that we have to make a decision, again and again and again, about whether we should or shouldn't be working. We can go to watch our kid play soccer, and we have our cell phone on one hip, and our Blackberry on our other hip, and our laptop, presumably, on our laps. And even if they're all shut off, every minute that we're watching our kid mutilate a soccer game, we are also asking ourselves, "Should I answer this cell phone call? Should I respond to this email? Should I draft this letter?" And even if the answer to the question is "no," it's certainly going to make the experience of your kid's soccer game very different than it would've been. So everywhere we look, big things and small things, material things and lifestyle things, life is a matter of choice. And the world we used to live in looked like this. That is to say, there were some choices, but not everything was a matter of choice. And the world we now live in looks like this. And the question is, is this good news, or bad news? And the answer is yes.(Laughter)We all know what's good about it, so I'm going to talk about what's bad about it. All of this choice has two effects, two negative effects on people. One effect, paradoxically, is that it producesparalysis, rather than liberation. With so many options to choose from, people find it very difficult to choose at all. I'll give you one very dramatic example of this, a study that was done of investments in voluntary retirement plans. A colleague of mine got access to investment records from Vanguard, the gigantic mutual fund company of about a million employees and about 2,000 different workplaces. And what she found is that for every 10 mutual funds the employer offered, rate of participation went down two percent. You offer 50 funds -- 10 percent fewer employees participate than if you only offer five. Why? Because with 50 funds to choose from, it's so damn hard to decide which fund to choose that you'll just put it off until tomorrow. And then tomorrow, and then tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow, and of course tomorrow never comes. Understand that not only does this mean that people are going to have to eat dog food when they retire because they don't have enough money to put away, it also means that making the decision is so hard that they pass up significant matching money from the employer. By not participating, they are passing up as much as 5,000 dollars a year from the employer, who would happily match their contribution. So paralysis is a consequence of having too many choices. And I think it makes the world look like this.(Laughter)You really want to get the decision right if it's for all eternity, right? You don't want to pick the wrong mutual fund, or even the wrong salad dressing. So that's one effect. The second effect is that even if we manage to overcome the paralysis and make a choice, we end up less satisfied with the result of the choice than we would be if we had fewer options to choose from. And there are several reasons for this. One of them is that with a lot of different salad dressings to choose from, if you buy one, and it's not perfect -- and, you know, what salad dressing is? It's easy to imagine that you could have made a different choice that would have been better. And what happens is this imagined alternative induces you to regret the decision you made, and this regret subtracts from the satisfaction you get out of the decision you made, even if it was a good decision. The more options there are, the easier it is to regret anything at all that is disappointing about the option that you chose.Second, what economists call opportunity costs. Dan Gilbert made a big point this morning of talking about how much the way in which we value things depends on what we compare them to. Well, when there are lots of alternatives to consider, it is easy to imagine the attractive features of alternatives that you reject, that make you less satisfied with the alternative that you've chosen. Here's an example. For those of you who aren't New Yorkers, I apologize.(Laughter)But here's what you're supposed to be thinking. Here's this couple on the Hamptons. V ery expensive real estate. Gorgeous beach. Beautiful day. They have it all to themselves. What could be better? "Well, damn it," this guy is thinking, "It's August. Everybody in my Manhattan neighborhood is away. I could be parking right in front of my building." And he spends two weeks nagged by the idea that he is missing the opportunity, day after day, to have a great parking space. Opportunity costs subtract from the satisfaction we get out of what we choose, even when whatwe choose is terrific. And the more options there are to consider, the more attractive features of these options are going to be reflected by us as opportunity costs. Here's another example. Now this cartoon makes a lot of points. It makes points about living in the moment as well, and probably about doing things slowly. But one point it makes is that whenever you're choosing one thing, you're choosing not to do other things. And those other things may have lots of attractive features, and it's going to make what you're doing less attractive.Third: escalation of expectations. This hit me when I went to replace my jeans. I wear jeans almost all the time. And there was a time when jeans came in one flavor, and you bought them, and they fit like crap, and they were incredibly uncomfortable, and if you wore them long enough and washed them enough times, they started to feel OK. So I went to replace my jeans after years and years of wearing these old ones, and I said, "You know, I want a pair of jeans, here's my size." And the shopkeeper said, "Do you want slim fit, easy fit, relaxed fit? You want button fly or zipper fly? You want stonewashed or acid washed? Do you want them distressed? You want boot cut, you want tapered, blah blah blah ..." On and on he went. My jaw dropped, and after I recovered, I said, "I want the kind that used to be the only kind."(Laughter)He had no idea what that was, so I spent an hour trying on all these damn jeans, and I walked out of the store -- truth be told -- with the best fitting jeans I had ever had. I did better. All this choice made it possible for me to do better. But I felt worse. Why? I wrote a whole book to try and explain this to myself. The reason I felt worse is that, with all of these options available, my expectations about how good a pair of jeans should be went up. I had very low expectations. I had no particular expectations when they only came in one flavor. When they came in 100 flavors, damn it, one of them should've been perfect. And what I got was good, but it wasn't perfect. And so I compared what I got to what I expected, and what I got was disappointing in comparison to what I expected. Adding options to people's lives can't help but increase the expectations people have about how good those options will be. And what that's going to produce is less satisfaction with results, even when they're good results. Nobody in the world of marketing knows this. Because if they did, you wouldn't all know what this was about. The truth is more like this.(Laughter)The reason that everything was better back when everything was worse is that when everything was worse, it was actually possible for people to have experiences that were a pleasant surprise. Nowadays, the world we live in -- we affluent, industrialized citizens, with perfection the expectation -- the best you can ever hope for is that stuff is as good as you expect it to be. You will never be pleasantly surprised because your expectations, my expectations, have gone through the roof. The secret to happiness -- this is what you all came for -- the secret to happiness is low expectations.(Laughter)(Applause)I want to say -- just a little autobiographical moment -- that I actually am married to a wife, and she's really quite wonderful. I couldn't have done better. I didn't settle. But settling isn't always such a bad thing. Finally, one consequence of buying a bad-fitting pair of jeans when there is only one kind to buy is that when you are dissatisfied, and you ask why, who's responsible, the answer is clear. The world is responsible. What could you do? When there are hundreds of different styles of jeans available, and you buy one that is disappointing, and you ask why, who's responsible? It is equally clear that the answer to the question is you. You could have done better. With a hundred different kinds of jeans on display, there is no excuse for failure. And so when people make decisions, and even though the results of the decisions are good, they feel disappointed about them, they blame themselves.Clinical depression has exploded in the industrial world in the last generation. I believe a significant -- not the only, but a significant contributor to this explosion of depression, and also suicide, is that people have experiences that are disappointing because their standards are so high. And then when they have to explain these experiences to themselves, they think they're at fault. And so the net result is that we do better in general, objectively, and we feel worse. So let me remind you. This is the official dogma, the one that we all take to be true, and it's all false. It is not true. There's no question that some choice is better than none, but it doesn't follow from that that more choice is better than some choice. There's some magical amount. I don't know what it is. I'm pretty confident that we have long since passed the point where options improve our welfare.Now, as a policy matter -- I'm almost done -- as a policy matter, the thing to think about is this. What enables all of this choice in industrial societies is material affluence. There are lots of places in the world, and we have heard about several of them, where their problem is not that they have too much choice. Their problem is that they have too little. So the stuff I'm talking about is the peculiar problem of modern, affluent, Western societies. And what is so frustrating and infuriating is this: Steve Levitt talked to you yesterday about how these expensive and difficult to install child seats don't help. It's a waste of money. What I'm telling you is that these expensive, complicated choices -- it's not simply that they don't help. They actually hurt. They actually make us worse off.If some of what enables people in our societies to make all of the choices we make were shifted to societies in which people have too few options, not only would those people's lives be improved, but ours would be improved also. This is what economists call a Pareto-improving move. Income redistribution will make everyone better off -- not just poor people -- because of how all this excess choice plagues us. So to conclude. You're supposed to read this cartoon, and, being a sophisticated person, say, "Ah! What does this fish know? You know nothing is possible in this fishbowl." Impoverished imagination, a myopic view of the world -- and that's the way I read it at first. The more I thought about it, however, the more I came to the view that this fish knows something. Because the truth of the matter is that if you shatter the fishbowl so that everything is possible, you don't have freedom. You have paralysis. If you shatter this fishbowl so that everything is possible, you decrease satisfaction. You increase paralysis, and you decrease satisfaction. Everybody needs a fishbowl. This one is almost certainly too limited -- perhaps evenfor the fish, certainly for us. But the absence of some metaphorical fishbowl is a recipe for misery, and, I suspect, disaster. Thank you very much.(Applause)。

你如何应对困难和挑战英语作文英文回答：Navigating difficulties and challenges is an inevitable aspect of human existence. While these obstacles can test our resilience and determination, they also present opportunities for growth, resilience-building, and self-discovery. To effectively manage difficulties and challenges, it is essential to adopt a proactive and adaptable approach that leverages our strengths, seeks support, and fosters a positive mindset.1. Embrace a Growth Mindset:Cultivate a belief that challenges are not insurmountable obstacles but rather opportunities for learning and personal development. View setbacks as valuable experiences that provide insights into our weaknesses and areas for improvement. By embracing a growth mindset, we become more resilient and open to exploring newstrategies and perspectives.2. Identify Your Strengths and Resources:Take stock of your skills, knowledge, and support system. Recognize the areas where you excel and identifythe individuals or resources that can assist you during challenging times. Leveraging our strengths and accessing support can empower us to overcome obstacles more effectively.3. Develop Problem-Solving Skills:Cultivate the ability to analyze situations objectively, generate creative solutions, and make informed decisions. Practice problem-solving through exercises or real-life experiences. By enhancing our problem-solving skills, we equip ourselves with the tools necessary to navigate challenges effectively.4. Seek Support and Collaboration:Do not hesitate to reach out to friends, family, mentors, or professionals for assistance. Sharing our challenges with others can provide valuable insights, emotional support, and access to additional resources. Collaboration can also foster innovative solutions and lighten the burden of difficulties.5. Practice Self-Care and Resilience:Prioritize self-care practices such as exercise, meditation, and adequate sleep. Engage in activities that bring you joy and alleviate stress. Building resilience involves cultivating a positive self-image, practicingself-compassion, and maintaining a healthy work-life balance. By prioritizing our well-being, we create a foundation for resilience and enhanced coping mechanisms.6. Reframe Negative Thoughts:Challenge negative thoughts and replace them with positive and empowering self-talk. Recognize that setbacks are temporary and do not define our worth. By reframing ourthoughts, we cultivate a more optimistic outlook and increase our capacity to persevere.7. Seek Professional Help When Needed:If difficulties and challenges persist or become overwhelming, do not hesitate to seek professional assistance from a therapist or counselor. They can provide objective guidance, support coping mechanisms, andfacilitate personal growth.Remember, challenges are an inherent part of life. By approaching them with a positive mindset, leveraging our strengths, seeking support, and practicing resilience, we can navigate these obstacles and emerge stronger, more resilient, and better equipped to handle future challenges.中文回答：应对困难和挑战是我们每个人在生活中都会面临的。

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