高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选编(三)2

安徽省淮北市杜集区2017高考英语一轮阅读理解选编三2016高考训练题。

阅读理解。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head，according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩)and pumping blood around their bodies，compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event，depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said：“Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said，“The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see—and guide whether we see fear.”To further understand this relationship，the scientists also used a brain scanner to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear，” Dr Garfinkel said.“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders，and also for those who may be suffering f rom serious stress disorder.”1．What is the finding of the study?A. One's fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.B. Fear is a result of one's relaxed heartbeat.C. Fear has something to do with one's health.D. One's heart affects how he feels fear. 2．The study was carried out by analyzing ________.A. volunteers' reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scansB. the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditionsC. volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible picturesD. different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart－brain communication3．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “mechanism” in Paragraph 6?A. Order.B. Machine.C. System.D. Treatment.4．This study may contribute to ________．A. explaining the cycle of fear and anxietyB. treating anxiety and stress betterC. finding the key to the heart－brain communicationD. understanding different fears in our hearts and heads参考答案1—4、DACBOne of the greatest gifts one generation can give to other generations is the wisdom it has gained from experience.This idea has inspired the award-winning photographer Andrew Zuckerman.He interviewed and took photos of fifty over-sixty-five-year-olds all over the world.His project explores various aspects of their lives.The photos and interviews are now available on our website. Click on the introductions to read the complete interviews.Let us now have a culture of peace.—Federico Mayor Zaragoza,SpainFederico Mayor Zaragoza obtained a doctorate in pharmacy(药学)from the Complutense University of Madrid in 1958.After many years spent in politics,he became Director-General of UNESCO in 1987.In 1999,he created the Foundation for a Culture of Peace,of which he is now the president.In addition to many scientific publications,he has published four collections of poems and several books of essays.Writing is a discovery.—Nadine Gordimer,South AfricaDue to a weak heart,Nadine Gordimer attended school and university briefly.She read widely and began writing at an early age.She published her first short story at the age of fifteen,and has completed a large number of works,which have been translated into forty languages.In 1991,Gordimer won the Nobel Prize for Literature.Jazz is about the only form of art today.—Dave Brubeck,USADave Brubeck studied music at the University of the Pacific and graduated in 1942.After World War Two he was encouraged to play jazz.In 1951,he recorded his first album(专辑).Brubeck’s 1959 album has become a jazz standard.He received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1996.1.Why did Andrew Zuckerman choose the fifty elders for his project?( )A.Because their wisdom deserves to be passed on.B.Because they are physically impressive.C.Because their accomplishments inspired him.D.Because they have similar experiences.2.According to the web page,Federico Mayor Zaragoza .A.has won many awards for his work in politicsB.has served as the president of a universityC.has devoted all his life to the field of scienceD.has made achievements in different areas3.Who most probably said“My education has been the library and books” in the interview when reflecting on his/her experience?( )A.Andrew Zuckerman.B.Federico Mayor Zaragoza.C.Nadine Gordimer.D.Dave Brubeck.4.What is the main purpose of this web page?( )A.To show Zuckerman’s awards.B.To publicize Zuckerman’s project.C.To spread the wisdom of the three people.D.To celebrate the achievements of the three people.语篇解读:本文是一篇网页宣传。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校贵州福泉市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮基础选编阅读理解训练(2015·质监三)I have been teaching animal behavior at the Boulder County Prison in Colorado for 10 years. The course is one of the most popular in the prison. Prisoners have to earn the right to attend the course and they work hard to get in.One reason why the course is so popular is that many prisoners find it easier to connect with animals than with people, because animals don't judge them. They trust animals in ways they don't with humans.Yet, they hold a misunderstanding of how animals treat one another. Many admit that their own “animal behavior” is what got them into trouble in the first place. I teach that though there is competition and aggression in the animal kingdom, there is also a lot of cooperation(合作)and sympathy.Many of the students want to build healthy relationships, and they find that the class helps them. I use examples of the social behavior of group­living animals such as wolves as a model for developing and maintaining(维持)friendships among people who must work together for their own good and also for the good of the group.It's clear that science inspires the students here and it also gives them hope. I know some students have gone back into education after their being set free while others have gone to work for humane(人道)societies or contributed time and money to conservation organizations. One went on to receive a master's degree in nature writing.Science and humane education help the prisoners connect with values that they otherwise would not have done. It opens the door to understanding, trust, cooperation and hope. There's a large population of people to whom science could mean a lot, if only they could have access to it. The class helps me, too. I get as much out of it as the students and it has made me a better teacher.文章大意：本文是教育类小故事阅读。

模块3U2李仕才一、阅读理解。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Following the crowd may not always be in a person's best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health.That's true for both teens and adults.The finding inspired Joseph Allen，a psychologist at the University of Virginia，and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.So they followed 171 teens，starting when the kids were just 13.They interviewed each one every year for five years，and also spoke to these teens' closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25,26 and 27.This time, the questions surveyed each person's overall health.When the researchers analyzed the data，they found a strong connection between a teen's behavior and adult health.Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults.Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health.Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults.The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight，family income and drug use were all examined.So were mental health issues，such as anxiety and depression.And in these people，such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.Getting along with the crowd may have benefits，says Allen，but there are also drawbacks.Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work.And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior，such as smoking，drinking or using drugs.Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge，Allen acknowledges.“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldn't lose heart for not finding this easy.”And，he adds，“Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”1．Where can you probably read this passage?A．Science fiction.B．Health column.C．Fashion magazine.D．Entertainment newspaper.2．We can learn from Allen's study that ________.A．many other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendships B．mental health issues have nothing to do with adult healthC．the same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27D．the teens who couldn't express themselves grew up to be unhealthy3．According to what Allen said，we can know that ________.A．in order to do better at school，teens should not follow the crowdB．though it's challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure，they should not give upC．teens will engage in smoking，drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressure D．parents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends4．What can be inferred from the passage?A．There is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.B．Close friendships are the most important for people's health.C．Teen friendships may help teens become healthier adults.D．Adult health is only influenced by teen friendships.【解题导语】研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康。

山西壶关县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮编选（三）阅读理解。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Feeling blue abo ut the world ? “Cheer up，” says science writer Matt Ridley.“The world has never been a better place to live in，and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for natu re.”Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational，because he's carefully weighed the evidence optimistic，because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what he's set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book The Rational Optimist. He views mankind as a grand enterprise that，on the whole，has done little but progress for 100, 000 years.He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research. Here's how he explains his views.1)Shopping fuels inventionIt is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone.Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty，our own generation has access to more nutritious food，more convenient transport，bigger houses，better cars，and of course，more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us .This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things.The more we specialize and exchange，the better off we'll be.2) Brilliant advancesOne reason we are richer，healthier，taller，cleverer，longer­lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food，clothing，fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper.Take one example.In 1800 a candle providing one hour's light cost six hours' work.In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes' work to pay for.In 1950 it was eight seconds.Today it's half second.3) Let's not kill ourselves for climate changeMitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village，where the use of fassil­fuel(化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by well­meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world，is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change.If climaic change proves to be mild，but cutting carbon causes real pain，we may well find that we have stopped a nose­bleed by putting a tourniquet(止血带) around our necks.人类的进步是无法阻挡的，是令人乐观。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校吉林2017高考英语一轮阅读理解训练（三）阅读理解。

Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.Exploration also allows minerals and other potential(潜在的) resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spin­offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non­stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by­product s(副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is truethat the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.本文是一篇议论文，向我们阐述了人类进行太空探索的原因。

2017高考英语一轮阅读理解选编三阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

Up to 45 rare species of Australian animals are in danger of b ecoming extinct within 20 years, scientists warned in a report. But hope is not lost! According to the report, the species can be saved if immediate action is taken to control their natural p redators (天敌) and other threats.The threatened animals can be found in the faraway Kimberle y region of northwestern . The region is similar in square mile s to . Thirty percent of the endangered species are unique to t he region, while others have already disappeared in other part s of .Dr. Tara Martin, a research scientist said in the report, “A larg e extinction event is happening in . The north has really been the last stronghold (主要栖息地) for many species of birds and mammals and reptiles. The Kimberley is really their last chance on earth.”Many of the species are under threat because they are hunte d by wild cats. These cats kill around 500 000 native animals i n the region every day. The species face another threat, too.Their native habitat is also being destroyed by wildfires and b y wild donkeys and goats that compete for food and water. Hu mans introduced cats, donkeys and goats to to be farm anim als or pets. However, their populations have exploded in the r egion because they have few natural predators.The report calls for $ 95 million to immediately start protection programs. The report also suggests reducing wild donkey an d goat populations in the region, building fences, fighting wildfi res and educating the community about how to help the enda ngered species. Richard Hobbs, an ecologist at the of , says the costs are worthwhile because the measures will not be to o difficult to carry out.文章大意：本文是一篇调查报告。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校广西北海市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮基础选编（三）（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。

体裁：科普文话题：健康生活词数：350 时间：6′Sleeping in a room with too much light has been linked to an increased risk of gaining weight，a study shows.A team at the Institute of Cancer Research in London found women had larger waistlines if their bedroom was “light enough to see across” at night.However，they say there is not enough evidence to advise people to buy thicker curtains or turn off lights.The women were asked to rate the amount of light in their bedrooms at night as：Light enough to read.Light enough to see across the room，but not read.Light enough to see your hand in front of you，but not across the room.Too dark to see your hand or you wear a mask.Their answers were compared to several measures (程度) of obesity.These measures were all higher in women with lighter rooms.Prof Anthony Swerdlow of the Institute of Cancer Research told the BBC：“In this very large group of people there is an association between reported light exposure at night and overweight and obesity.But there is not enough evidence to know if making your room darker would make any difference to your weight.There might be other explanations for the association，but the findings are interesting enough to guarantee further scien tific investigation.”The light is disrupting (干扰) the body clock，which comes from our evolutionary (进化的) past when we were active when it was light in the day and resting when it was dark at night.Light changes moods，physical strength and even the way we process food in a 24­hour cycle.Prof Derk­Jan Dijk，from the Surrey Sleep Centre，said there would be no harm in trying to make bedrooms darker.He told the BBC：“People in general are not aware of the light present in their bedroom，I think people should assess their bedroom and see how easy it would be to make it darker.” “Overall this study points to the importance of darkness，” he concluded.【语篇解读】明亮的卧室与肥胖有关系。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校江苏2017高考英语阅读理解一轮学生版训练（三）【阅读理解】For those who study the development of intelligence (智力) in the animal world，self­awareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware (意识) of itself has a high level of intelligence.Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image (反射出的影像). Many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying very little attention to the reflected image. Only humans，and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins，have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.Now another animal has joined the club. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror sel f­reflection test.“We thought that elephants were the next important animal，”said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society, an author of the study with Joshua M. Plotnik and Fans B. M. de Waal of Emory University. With their large brains，Reiss sai d, elephants “seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins.”The researchers tested Happy. Maxine and Patty, three elephants at the Bronx Zoo. They put an 8­foot­square mirror on a wall of the animals' play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it，and to examine parts of their bodies.Of the three, Happy then passed the test，in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose. Diana Reiss said，“We knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way.”文章通过实验说明能意识到自身形象的动物具有高智商。

黑龙江双鸭山市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮统编题（三）阅读理解。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

These are some ideas that some people came up with about what the life will be like in the year 2500：We will have established a base on the moon.School kids can take field trips to the moon weekly.We will have found cures(疗法)for AIDS and cancer.The war will have ended and peace flows freely through the land.Kids will learn more and be smarter than ever before! History will be the main subject at school.Cafeteria(自助餐厅)food will be delicious! You just walk up to a machine，stick out your tongue，and it will scan your taste buds(味蕾)to see what you want to eat.—KristenHere I am in the wonderful year of 2500 and life is so easy.I work in a pet store and it is so hard! I have to wake up at midnight every day and fly my ear to the store.It takes so long to get there.It takes me 20 seconds to get to the store in Mississippi from my home in Florida! At work，I have to push 5 buttons and then I go home.It takes 2 seconds and that is like forever.—MorganIn the year 2500，I think we will have invented cars that run on things we don't need like garbage.T ail gas will smell like whatever you like such as chocolate.I also predict that buildings will be able to go into a different dimension(维)so your car won't hit them.The cars in 2500 don't fly，for we haven't got that technology yet，but they can hover(盘旋)up to seven feet.These cars are made for speed!——CarlyInstead of cars，we may have hovering devices that float around.We could also have electric cars instead of gas powered cars.Food might be more healthy.What I believe is that the environment will change the most. The environmental changes will also determine many other changes.If more people try to help the environment，then perhaps in 2500 we will have more forests and wildlife.If people won't help the environment，then we will have no forests andlittle wildlife left—Roberta1．According to Kristen，what will happen in 2500?A．English will be the main subject at school.B．Students can go to the moon every week.C．Cafeteria will replace other restaurants.D．AIDS and cancer will disappear.答案：B 细节理解题。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校浙江松2017高考英语阅读理解一轮九月训练选编（三）【2016高考训练】阅读理解—推理判断题。

People in several American states may be surprised to see cars in city streets without a driver. Experimental driverless vehicles now are legal in Florida, Nevada and California. They are pointing the way to a future that is not far down the road. The high-tech company Google has a number of self-driving cars, Which had covered 480,000 kilometers by August. Volvo is among the companies dong road tests and says in plans to sell driverless cars by 2020.In September, California Governor Jerry Brown signed an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state. “Today we’re looking at science fiction becoming tomorrow′s reality—the driverless car.” The systems been improved through competitions sponsored by the U. S. government agency DARPA. Engineer Richard Mason of the Rand Corporation helped design driverless vehicles for DARPA challenge races.Cars have become much more fuel-efficient, and new electronic features are making Hondas safer, said Angie Nucci of Honda America. “A camera on the passenger-side mirror actually engaged on your guiding screen so you can safely change lanes.” Other safety features include warning systems on the front and the sides of the cars. The syatems help drivers, but don′t replace them. Curatou Leslie Kendall of the Petersen Automotive Museum said autonomous cars will make the high ways safer.“By taking out drivers, you also remove most risks of an accident,” Kendall said, you also remove most risks of an accident,” Kendall said. He said consumers, however, may be unwilling to lose control. “It may take them time to come to realize that the technology is indeed reliable, but it will have to prove itself first”,Mason said the technology already works and the biggest challenge now is getting down the cost for driverless vehicles from hundreds of thousands of dollars to something more affordable. He said this will happen as the technology is improved.1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A.Driverless vehicles are now legal in the whole USA.B.Volvo will be the first to sell driverless cars.C.Google′s self-driving cars have covered a long distance.D.Driverless cars are pointing us a faraway future.2.We learn that Governor of California Jerry Brown.A.Helped design self-driving cars.B.Supports self-driving cars on roads.C.Considers self-driving cars science fiction.D.Improved the self-driving car systems3.According to Richard Mason. What is the biggest challenge for driverless cars?A.They are now too expensive for consumers.B.Their technical problems remain to be solved.C.They are not allowed to run on the road.D.They are more dangerous for people on the street.4.What｀s the best title of the passage?A . the benefits of the self-driving v carsB . the biggest challenge of the self-driving carsC. self-driving cars: science fiction future is nearD. safer of more dangerous—self-driving cars.语篇解读本文主要讲述了无人驾驶车正在进入我们的生活。