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Unit Five: A Brief Introduction to ShakespeareTeaching Aims:1. Learn the life and the time of Shakespeare.2. Introduce the major literature achievements of Shakespeare3. Appreciate some frequently quotations from Shakespeare4. Some discussion on Shakespeare and his influence on the English language and literature1. Knowledge Quiz1.What nationality was Shakespeare? English2. In which town was Shakespeare born? Stratford3. When was Shakespeare born? 15644. When did he die? 16165. Shakespeare lived during the reign of which English monarchs?Queen Elizabeth I and King James I6. Which of these was not Shakespeare‟s plays?Shakespeare in Love7. What is Shakespeare most famous for? Writing plays8. Which of the following plays by Shakespeare is NOT a comedy ?Romeo and Juliet9. Which of the following plays does not belong to Shakespeare's great tragedies ? Romeo and Juliet10. The sentence "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare's ________ . sonnets（十四行诗）11. How many plays did Shakespeare wrote? Over 302. William Shakespeare’s lifeBorn in 1564 in Stratford-Upon-Avon at age 18 married Anne Hathaway three children, two daughters and a son moved to London in the late fifteen eighties.Besides a writer, Shakespeare was also a theater producer, a part owner of an acting company called the King's Men and an actor. In fifteen ninety-nine Shakespeare's company built its own theater called The Globe. Shakespeare's theater group also performed in other places such as Blackfriars Theater, or travel around the countryside to perform, sometimes performed at the palace of the English ruler Queen Elizabeth or, later, King James the First.3. William Shakespea re’s worksTragediesMacbeth 麦克白King Lear 李尔王Hamlet 哈姆雷特Othello 奥瑟罗Romeo and JulietTitus Andronicus 泰特斯·安特洛尼克斯Julius Caesar 裘力斯·凯撒Antony and Cleopatra 安东尼与克莉奥佩屈拉Coriolanus 科利奥兰纳斯Troilus and Cressida 特洛埃围城记Timon of Athens 雅典的泰门ComediesTwelfth Night or What You Will 第十二夜The Merchant of Venice 威尼斯商人As You Like It 皆大欢喜A Midsummer Night‘s Dream 仲夏夜之梦Much Ado About Nothing 无事生非Measure for Measure 一报还一报The Tempest 暴风雨Taming of the Shrew 驯悍记The Comedy of Errors 错中错All…s Well That Ends Well 终成眷属The Merry Wives of Windsor 温莎的风流娘们Love…s Labour‟s Lost 爱的徒劳Cymbeline 辛白林The Winter's Tale 冬天的故事The Tempest 暴风雨HistoriesHenry IV, part 1, 2 亨利四世（上下）Henry V 亨利五世Henry VI, part 1, 2, 3 亨利六世（上中下）Henry VIII 亨利八世King John 约翰王Richard II 理查二世Richard III 理查三世PoemsThe Rape of Lucrece 鲁克丽丝失贞记Venus and Adonis 维纳斯和阿多尼斯Sonnets (154)4. Characteristics of William Shakespeare’s plays plot construction characters language4.1 Plot ConstructionShakespeare's plays are well-known for their adroit plot construction.His work looked at common human themes, such as betrayal, murder, lust, power, ambition and love. These themes are as much a part of human nature today as they were all those years ago 4.2 CharactersShakespeare's major characters are individuals representing certain types and have their own personalities.Hamlet: 遇事犹豫不决，顾虑重重的人Romeo: 英俊潇洒的男子Cleopatra: 绝代佳人Shylock: 贪婪、残忍、不择手段守财奴Shakespeare succeeds in exploring the characters' inner mind. The soliloquies（独白）in his plays fully reveal the inner conflict of his characters.This soliloquy is taken from Shakespeare’s tragedy Hamlet, Act III, Scene I.Hamlet，facing the dilemma of action & mind，is hesitating whether he should revenge for his father，which may bring him death，or he should suffer & hide his hatred for his uncle in his deep heart，which may secure his lifeBy asking “To be or no not to be”, Hamlet revealed his innermost thoughts to the audience. He is meant to contrast two universal individuals —the man of contemplation and the man of action. Hamlet analyzes everything too deeply and is thus prevented from taking any clear course. Hamlet's essential dilemma is one that has confronted men throughout the ages; and this confrontation —between duty and morality, courage and fear, right and wrong, life and death —will assuredly persist for all ages to come.Hamlet’s soliloquiesTo be, or not to be,--- that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them.To die: to sleep;No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heart-ache, and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish'dTo die, to sleep;To sleep: perchance to dream: aye, there's the rub;For in that sleep of death what dreams may come,When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause: there's the respectThat makes calamity of so long life;For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,The pangs of despised love, the law's delay,The insolence of office, and the spurnsThat patient merit of the unworthy takes,When he himself might his quietus makeWith a bare bodkin?who would fardels bear,To grunt and sweat under a weary life,But that the dread of something after death,The undiscover'd country from whose bournNo traveler returns, puzzles the will,And makes us rather bear those ills we haveThan fly to others that we know not of?Thus conscience does make cowards of us all,And thus the native hue of resolutionIs sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought,And enterprises of great pitch and momentWith this regard their currents turn awryAnd lose the name of action.Words and Phrases:Slings:投石器By opposing end them: put an end to them by fighting against them rather than stoically enduring them.That flesh is heir to: which the human body has to takeDevoutly: sincerelyConsummation: the point at which sth. is made perfectPerchance: perhapsRub: difficulty or cause of troubleShuffle off one‟s mortal coil:(委婉语) to dieCalamity: misfortune, disasterContumely: contemptuous treatmentPang: sudden and sharp feeling of painDisprized: undervaluedInsolence: showing disrespectful rudenessSpurn: rejectQuietus: deathGrunt:呻吟Bourn: borderHue: shade of colorPitch: importanceAwry: away from the right courseTranslation:生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题；要做到高贵，究竟该忍气吞声来容受狂暴的命运矢石交攻呢，还是该挺身反抗无边的苦恼，扫它个干净？死，就是睡眠——就这样；而如果睡眠就等于了结了心痛以及千百种身体要担受的皮痛肉痛，那该是天大的好事，正求之不得啊！死，就是睡眠；睡眠也许要做梦，这就麻烦了！我们一旦摆脱了尘世的牵缠在死的睡眠里还会做些什么梦，想到就不能不踌躇。
Good afternoon,my teacher and classmates.Today it’s an honor to stand here to make the presentation.Before the presentation,I’d like to do a simple introduction. I’m xxx, and my group is school of tourism management. Okay,let’s begin the presentation now,and today I’d like to introduce william shakespeare.If you have any questions, I will be pleased to answer them at the end of the presentation.To begin talk with shakespeare,you must remind of his drama.his dramas were played lots of times,such as hamlet,the merchant of venice,romeo and juliet ,a midsummer night’s dream,othello king lear and so on.Nest,I’d like to introduce him,Shakespeare (1564~ 1616) the Great Renaissance dramatist, poet, European Renaissance humanism literature synthesizer.he was born in Britain in April 23, 1564central Warwick County along the Evan River in Stratford, a wealthy families.Youth in a local Teaching Latin" literary school" study, master the writing skills and rich knowledge, but because his father went bankrupt, failing to graduate go alone on the road to earn a living. He worked as a butcher's apprentice, has taught in rural schools, also worked in various other occupation, which makes him grow a lot of social experience.After 20 years of age to London,he went to work at odd jobs in a theater,then he become an actor and later started to write for the stage.By the closing years of the 16th century he had already won the popularity of a successful writer.And He died on April 23, 1616, and was buried in the Holy Trinity Church in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, shown here.Shakespeare in about 1590~ 1612of the total20years wrote thirty-seven plays and two long poem.Due to a wide range of experiences of ancient drama, English medieval drama and the emerging European culture and art, a profound observations of life, social understanding, grasp the pulse of the times, so that Shakespeare was able to create a large number of true to life likeness characters, depicting broad, resplendent with variegated coloration in the view of social life, and make a tragicomedy, full of poetic and imagine, combining unified contradiction in change and rich life philosophy and critical spirit characteristics known. Generally divided into three periods.The first period,In order to writing historical drama, comedy, a9historical drama,10 comedies and 2 tragedies.such as A Midsummer Night's dream,love in vain,the merchant of Venice and so on.The second period,In tragedy, written 3 Department of the Rome opera,5 tragedies and 3" dark comedy" or" problem plays".such as Hamlet,Othello and so on.The third period,Inclined to compromise and the illusion of tragedy and comedy or drama.such as the storm,winter's tale and so on.Now let me turn to his poem sonnet.Sonnet 18 is one of the best-known of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. Part of the Fair Youth sequence , it is the first of the cycle after the opening sequence now described as the Procreation sonnets.(赏析略）And now I’d like to introduce another drama .The important early works of Shakespeare's the merchant of Venice,be that a volume has extremely large satirical comedy. Do approximately in 1596-1597 years. The script subject has been to sing the praises of kindheartedness , friendship and love , has reflected the capitalism contradiction between early phase merchant-capitalist and the usurer at the same time also , has shown the author humanism thought to problem such as bourgeoisie society middle money , law and religion. A important literature of this play accomplishment, be this typical image of one interested only in material gain , mercilessusurer having molded Xialuoke.According to the drama,there are many classic lines.(赏析略）Next let me talk about his literary position,Shakespeare is a great master of language, he absorbed the people's language, ancient and modern literary language essence, in his mature works can be handy, and then the local mood anastomosis, according to the characters and plot, and poetry, and prose. Early language be gorgeous, late maturity, but always lively and full of image. Many of his phrases win universal praise, become a part of British National language.At the end of presentation,I’d like to give you some famous saying.。
Hamlet10英教（1）1028010002 朱莉Hamlet is a classical representative work of a great English playwright and poet-William Shakespeare. William Shakespeare is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon". His four great comedies are Twelfth Night、Midsummer Night's Dream 、The Merchant of V enice and As Y ou Like It. His four representative tragedies are Hamlet、Othello、King Lear and Macbeth. While Hamlet is most popular and the best work in the four representative tragedies, because it is a philosophical exploration of life and death.The hero of Hamlet is Prince Hamlet of Denmark, son of deceased King Hamlet.When he back the home in a hurry from Germany for his father's funeral ,he only to find his father death mysteriously and his mother remarriage with Claudius- his father’s brother hastily. He is doubt that his uncle killed his mother to rob his beautiful mother and his father throne. Suddenly a Ghost appears to lead Hamlet to a secluded place, claims that it is the actual spirit of his father. It tells hamlet a secret. His father was murdered by his brother Claudius pouring poison in his ear. In order to revenge on his uncle for killing his father, he pretend to be mad and suffered a series of misery. To this, he started the difficult revenge course, launched the life and death contest with Claudius. Finally, sent out sword the revenge to Claudius. Hamlet is a absolute tragedy,because it end with the deaths of all major characters.I think, Hamlet reflect three main matters. First of all, I think, Hamlet is a man with contradictory, he had many chances to kill Claudius. But he hesitated, which reflects the religious thought poisons. Contextually this period is one of great religious confusion, which the play exploits. The play questions such matters and manipulates the audience’s views on religious. The background of Hamlet is The Renaissance Period. The Renaissance call for humanism. The welfare of human being is very important. It emphases the worth of life in this world, and the dignity of human being. Secondly, as far as I can see, the keynote of Hamlet’s character is “melancholy”. The survival or destruction, this is a problem worth considering to him. He can not extricate themselves into the abyss of suffering. It can be said that Hamlet to life the dark side or a more profound understanding. To be or not to be is a question not only for Hamlet but also for all of us. To be or not to be means .To survive or to die; to do or not to do; to find out the meaning for life or to ended the life. It is easy for us to die, but no one dare to try. Because death is too mysterious for all of us that makes us to live although we encounter all the harshness of life. Thirdly, in this play, everyone died in his own way at the end, which is seemed as it is doomed. Maybe it is the real intention of tragedy - no one can escape from the doomed fate .But it is not actually, too. The question of the death and the fate is the main point of Hamlet,isalso the best feature of Shakespeare's tragedy. Although the fate is strong, we also can fight with fate to achieve our aim.In conclusion, Hamlet reflects the meaning and value of life, good and evil, reason and justice and other philosophical questions. Hamlet is a precious spiritual wealth in human's literary history.。
