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Unit 4 Space exploration单元分析本单元主题：人与自然——宇宙探索单元内容分析本单元围绕“太空探索”这一主题展开，内容涉及人类探索太空的历史与成就（包括我国航天事业的发展和成就）宇航员的选拔、太空中的生活、火星探索计划、天文百科知识，以及关于“人类耗费时间和金钱去探索太空是否值得”这一话题的会科学家以及宇航员们为航空航天事业的发展不断努力、勇于开拓的精神，从而激励青少年勤奋学习、刻苦钻研、不畏挫折，努力探索自己的发展道路，立下远大志向，为国家科技事业的发展奉献自己的智慧和力量。
以下为教材各部分教学内容简要分析及教学活动实施建议：1．Opening Page开篇页的主题图展示了2019年1月3日“玉兔二号”（即嫦娥四号月球车）与嫦娥四号着陆器分离后驶抵月球表面的画面。
嫦娥四号首次实现在月球背面着陆，是中国航天事业发展的一座里程碑，是值得每个中国人铭记的时刻。
这一图片不仅能够增强学生的民族自豪感，还能激发学生讨论的热情，让他们能够很快投入到本单元的学习中去。
本单元的名言警句是“Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man＇s desire to understand.-Neil Armstrong”这是第一位登上月球的美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗的名言：“神秘感激发好奇心，而好奇心则是人们探索未知事物的前提。
”人类太空探索的原始动机主要源于与生俱来的好奇心，而这种好奇心和求知欲也是推动人类发展的巨大动力。
太空探索的成就背后是人类不断进取的精神，而只有将这种精神延续下去，人类才能突破极限，走向广阔的宇宙。
2．Listening and Speaking：Talk about how to become an astronaut 本部分的主题是“谈论如何成为一名宇航员”。
关于探索太空的奥秘，能够获得最直接感受的非宇航员莫属，因此，宇航员这一职业对于青少年而言充满了魅力，既带着神秘感，又带着使命感。
Unit 4 Space ExplorationI.Vocabulary1.astronaut n.宇航员；太空人2.procedure n.程序；步骤；手续3.mental adj.精神的；思想的4.cm abbr.（centimetre or centimeter）厘米5.intelligent adj；有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的6.rocket n.火箭；火箭弹7.gravity n.重力；引力8.frontier n.边境；国界；边远地区9.vehicle n.交通工具；车辆10.universe n.宇宙；天地万物11.determine vt.查明；确定；决定12.determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的13.satellite n.人造卫星；卫星unch vt.&n.发射；发起；上市15.orbit n.（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道；势力范围vt.&vi.沿轨道运行;运行......运行16.giant adj.巨大的；伟大的n.巨人；巨兽；伟人17.leap n.跳跃；剧增；剧变vt.&vi.跳过；跃过18.mankind n.人类19.agency n.（政府的）专门机构；服务机构；代理处20.transmit vt.&vi.传输；发送21.data n.[pl.]资料；数据22.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的23.desire n.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望24.ongoing adj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的25.independently adv.独立地；自立地26.independent adj.独立的；自立的27.spacecraft n.航天器；宇宙飞船28.spacewalk n.太空行走；太空行走的时间29.jade n.玉；翡翠；玉器30.dock vi.&vt.（两架航天器）对接；（使）......进港n.码头；船坞31.signal vi.&vt.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志32.recycle vt.回收利用；再利用33.muscle n.肌肉；实力；影啊力ck n.缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏35.float vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮vt.使浮动；使漂流36.otherwise adv.否则；要不然37.beyond prep.在更远处；超出38.solar adj.太阳的；太阳能的39.current adj.当前的；现在的n.水流；电流；思潮40.sufficient adj.足够的；充足的41.soap n.肥皂42.towel n.毛巾；抹布43.microwave n.（also microwave oven）微波炉44.tissue n.纸巾；（人、动植物细胞的）组织45.facility n.设施；设备46.keen adj.热衷的；渴望的47.globe n.地球；世界；地球仪48.argue vt.&vi.论证；争辩；争论49.argument n.争论；争吵；论点50.fatal adj.致命的；灾难性的51.shallow adj.肤浅的；浅的52.pattern n.模式；图案；模范53.analysis n.（pl.analyses）（对事物的）分析；分析结果54.high-end adj.高端的55.monitor n.监视器；监测仪vt.监视；监测: 监控56.regularly adv.经常；定期地57.regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的58.foam n.泡沫橡胶；泡沫59.pillow n.枕头60.smartphone n.智能手机61.resource n.资源；财力；物力62.limited adj.有限的63.closing adj.结尾的；结束的n.停业；关闭；倒闭64.mystery n.神秘事物；谜65.attach vt.系；绑；贴66.oxygen n.氧；氧气II.Phrase1.lead to导致: 造成（后果）2.find out查明, 弄清；发现determined adj.有决心的: 意志坚定的be determined to do sth.决心做某事3.succeed vi.成功vt.接替；继任succeed in doing sth.成功地做了某事succeed to sth.继承某物4.succee.sb.as...接替某人成为....5.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的be disappointed in/with sb.对某人失望6.desire n.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望have a desire for/to do sth.渴望得到某物做某事desire to do sth.渴望做某事7.carry on继续做, 坚持干8.signal vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志traffic signals交通信号灯signal to sb.向某人发信号/示意9.in order to为了...ck n.缺乏；短缺vt.没有；缺乏lack（for）nothing没有欠缺a lack of 缺乏11.figure out弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白12.such as例如...这样13.spend.o.sth.把......花费在某事上14.argue vt.&vi.论证；争辩；争论argue with sb.about/over sth.就某事和某人争辩15.argu.for...为......而辩论16.hunger n.饥饿；渴望hav..hunge.for...渴望.....die of hunger饿死17.result in导致；造成18.pattern模式；图案；模范set the pattern for 为......树立榜样be patterned on/after 模仿......19.because of 因为, 由于20.see...as...把......看作21.at present现在；目前22.run out用完；耗尽23.attach vt.系；绑；贴attach sth...把某物附在......上attach to sb./sth.与......有关联III.Sentence1.the+叙述词（+名词）+to dothe+叙述词或由the+叙述词修饰的名词后要用不定式作定语。
2019新人教高中英语必修三Unit4 Space explorationReading for writing公开课教案Teaching aims:1.Enable students to distinguish the thesis statement and the related arguments while reading the argumentative essay about space exploration.2.Enable students to reflect on the question of whether exploring space is worth the money and effort.3.Help students to analyse the structure and language features of an argumentative essay.4.Guide students to write an argumentative essay about space exploration.Teaching key points:1.Lead students to reflect on the question of whether exploring space is worth the money and effort.2.Lead students to write an argumentative essay about space exploration.Teaching difficult points:1.Enable students to distinguish the thesis statement and the related arguments while reading an argumentative essay.2.Enable students to analyse the organisation and language features of an argumentative essay.StepⅠLead-inActivity 1 Look at the picture and answer the following questions.NASA satellite image of Typhoon Goni1.What can you see in the picture?2.Where do you think the picture was taken?3.Why do people take such pictures from space?4.Do you think it’s worth the money and effort?Suggested answers:1.There is a powerful cyclone called Typhoon Goni.2.It was taken from the space by NASA satellite.3.It can help predict the weather,protect lives and reduce losses.4.The answer may vary.Activity 2 Look at the title and answer the questions.1.What do you think will be included in the passage?2.What kind of the text is it?Suggested answers:1.It talks about the question of whether exploring space is worth the money and effort.2.It’s an argumentative essay.StepⅠ Reading for the main ideaRead the passage and answer the questions.1.What’s the author’s point of view on this issue?2.Why are some people against space exploration?3.What has space exploration done for food production?4.What did the pictures of Earth from space make people realise?5.How does space exploration benefit the products that people use nowadays?Suggested answers:1.The author doesn’t think exploring space is a waste of time and money.2.Because they think that we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other problems,such as pollution and fatal diseases,instead.3.A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns.These studies help farmers grow more crops and warn them about natural disasters before they occur.4.They made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.5.Advanced technology developed for space exploration has promoted technological improvements that benefit us all by allowing products to be made to ahigher standard.Step Ⅰ Reading for the detailsActivity 1 Read paragraphs 2,3 and 4 again to find out the arguments and supporting details.Paragraph 2:The argument:_____________________________Supporting details:________________________Paragraph 3:The argument:_____________________________Supporting details:________________________Paragraph 4:The argument:_____________________________Supporting details:________________________Suggested answers:Paragraph 2:The argument:Firstly,exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.Supporting details:recording data on land and weather patterns;transmitting data to Earth;analysing data;providing recommendations sand adviceParagraph 3:The argument:Secondly,space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all.Supporting details:new material;better heart monitors and other machines;GPS;memory foam pillows;smartphone camerasParagraph 4:The argument:Finally,sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world’s problems and even to find ways to solve them.Supporting details:limited resources;finding other planets to live on.Activity 2 Underline the sentence that repeats the writer’s opinion in the last paragraph.Suggested answers:In closing,exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.StepⅠ Reading for the structure and language featuresActivity 1 Analyse the topic sentence and get to know the organisation of an argumentative writing.Organisation of an argumentative writingParagr aph 1Some people arguethat we should...introduction paragraph However,othersfeel...Paragr aphs 2-4Firstly,...made a difference...body paragraph Secondly,...promoted...Finally,...hashelped...Paragr aph 5In closing,...differentbenefits.closing paragraphActivity 2 Further analyse the features of an argumentative writing. Para. 1 introduction paragraphThe author intends to________________.Paras. 2—4 body paragraphWhere is the argument in each paragraph?supporting evidence:___________________.language features:___________________.The author intends to_________________________.Para. 5 closing paragraphThe author intends to________________.Suggested answers:Para. 1give background information,stimulate the readers’ interest and state the point of viewParas. 2—4The topic sentence is usually at the beginning in each paragraph.supporting evidence:data,facts,case studies,authority,etc.language feature:concise,essential,objective,calm,detailed,etc.The author intends to show main arguments and to persuade the readersPara. 5summarise the argument and to rephrase the pointStepⅠWrite an argumentative essay about space explorationActivity 1 Decide upon a topicTopic:_____________________________Suggested answers:Is exploring space a waste of time and money?Activity 2 Structure the essayAre these arguments for or against exploring space? Choose your own ideas and write your supporting arguments on your worksheet.A:There are a lot of unsolved mysteries on Earth.So why are we going into space to explore?B:It is necessary to find a new home for people in space,as the resources on Earth will run out.C:I cannot understand spending all this money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food.D:Exploring space encourages scientists to improve technology that can help people in other ways,too.For space exploration:__________________________________Against space exploration:_______________________________Introduction paragraph_____________________________________________________Body paragraph_____________________________________________________Closing paragraph_____________________________________________________Suggested answers:B D;A CIntroduction paragraph:different opinions and the thesis statementBody paragraph:arguments and supporting details/evidence/examplesClosing paragraph:restatement of the writer’s opinionActivity 3 Use the checklist to check and improve your draft.Activity 4 Your revised composition.Is exploring space a waste of time and money?Suggested answers:Space Exploration is a Waste of Time and Money Everyone gets excited by the news of the most recent space flights,and I too share in people’s sense of awe and wonder at the photos from space that we see.Having said that,it is hard to believe that the high cost of space flight is justified so that we can get some lovely pictures.We should be spending our money more wisely,on what people need.I cannot understand spending all money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food.Around the world,millions of people are hungry and dying of starvation.On the other hand,we hear on TV that for as little as a dollar a day,a child in Africa can be saved.Considering the billions spent on space travel,it just seems a better investment to feed the hungry.Some people argue that someday we will have to go live in space because the world will be made impossible to live in through pollution.This seems silly.When your house gets dirty,you spend the time and money to clean it up.You don’t move house simply because you need to wash your windows or vacuum the floor.In the same way,it makes more sense to use our time and money to take care of our planet,rather than look for a new home.Finally,there are a lot of unsolved mysteries on the earth.So why are we going into space to explore? There are still many things to discover in the ocean depths and the Antarctic.But we do not even have to go that far:Science has yet to unlock all the mysteries of the atom,and there are many realms of technology that we are justbeginning to understand and explore.In the end,it just does not seem a very wise investment to go to space.We have too many needs here on the earth to be wasting our effort on space exploration.StepⅠ Homework假定你是李华,你班最近一次班会的主题是“太空探险的意义”。
必修三Unit4SpaceExploration单元教学设计分课时教学设计第1课时1.isteningandSpeaking 学习目标：Bytheendofthelesson,studentsareexpectedto1.knowthestressedsyllablesandunstressedsyllables.2.getsomeexpressionsaboutspaceexploration;• 3.listenforkeywordsincontextusinganinterviewinEnglish;• 4.summarizetherequirementsforselectinganastronaut;学情分析：学习经验和知识储备：已经初步学习了有关太空探索的词汇，通过观看王亚平的两次太空授课，已经初步了解太空生活的情形。
学生语言能力水平：大部分学生有良好的语法和词汇基础，已经在本册书已经学习了连读，重音和语音语调的语音知识。
已经学习了通过听人物的语气判断态度，学习了听的迅速记笔记技巧和听人物关系。
学生可能遇到的问题和学生发展路径分析：由于学生的基础不一样，学生可能对于听的数字和梳理听力文本信息有困难，关于宇航员的表达欠缺，教师在授课的时候为学生举出范例，为学生搭建支架，帮助学生进行表达自我。
学习评价设计：本课评价贯穿始终，主要包括两大类：第一、口头表达。
教师作为评价主体，通过观察，对学生的自主表达、问题应答、对话交流、小组讨论进行评价。
第二、书面表达。
老师和学生都是评价主体，对于学生做出的对话进行评价。
具体而言，教师通过对于听前展示太空探索的单词，边问边答的形式判断学生学生已有的词汇，观察听后学生对于问题的回答，对学生是否已经掌握信息进行评价，在小组合作时，教师走进学生中和学生进行对话，在小组内与同伴进行交流时，对彼此的表现进行评价。
教学过程第2课时1.iStelliilgandTalking学习目标：Bytheendofthislesson,studentsareexpectedto1.learn somewordsandexpressionsrelatedtolifeinspace;2.learn detailsboutastronauts,lifeinspace;3.expresscuriosity using phrasesinthislesson.学情分析：学习经验和知识储备：已经初步学习了有关太空探索的词汇，通过观看王亚平的两次太空授课，已经初步了解太空生活的情形。
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单元素养提升（四）Unit 4I.单词拼写Such is Liu Yang, the first Chinese woman astronaut ［宇航员）.1.He returned to China in 1955 and led the Chinese rocket （火箭）program.2.As a result, the gravity（弓I 力）of the earth is about six times as great as that of the moon.3.We should sort out the rubbish, hoping that we might recvcle （循环利用）some, which will surely benefit us a great deal.4.By using your muscles （月儿肉）to do powerful things, you can make them stronger than before.5.They received a number of complaints from customers about the lack （缺乏）of parking facilities.6.If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to float （漂浮）on the sea?7.The traffic rules should be observed strictly; otherwise（否则）you will get into trouble.8.It's bevond （超出）my power to make such an important decision.9.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar（太阳的）system withChildren make up a small but important group of travellers. Their smaller bodies and developing immune （免疫）systems make their travel health needs important. 1 .Vaccines（疫苗）for childrenIn general, there is a higher risk for most vaccine-preventable diseases when travelling abroad. 2 . If you are planning to travel, check whether your child's normal vaccine schedule needs to be changed to make sure that they are fully protected before travelling.Malaria（疟疾）and children3 Children are particularly at risk of developing severe malaria. If you must travel with children to a malaria risk area, visit a doctor to determine if anti-malaria medication is recommended. If anti-malarial medication is allowed to take, keep them in child-proof containers and out of reach of children.Transportation risksAir travel is safe for healthy children. 4 . Some airlines will not allow newborns to fly. Ear pain caused by changes in pressure during landing is more common in children than in adults. To lessen the pain, babies should bottle or breast feed. Older children can chew gum or be encouraged to swallow or yawn.5Signs and symptoms（症状）of altitude sickness in children are often mistaken for other illnesses. A child with altitude sickness may throw up, hate to eat, or be anxious. Older children may also show headaches, or difficulty breathing. As it is difficult to tell if a child is developing altitude sickness and since altitude sickness can develop rapidly in children, you may travel to no higher than 2, 500 m (8, 200 feet).A.High altitude sicknessPack a travel health kitB.Avoid taking children to areas with a risk of malariaAnd these diseases tend to be more severe in children than in adultsC.There are many facts to take into consideration when travelling with childrenIt may be difficult to give children anti-malaria medication because it tastes unpleasantD.However, it is necessary that you wait until newborns are one to two weeks old before flying【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。
Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．astronaut n．宇航员；太空人2．procedure n．程序；步骤；手续3．cm abbr.(centimetre or centimeter)厘米4．rocket n．火箭；火箭弹5．gravity n．重力；引力6．frontier n．边疆；国界；边远地区7．vehicle n．交通工具；车辆8．satellite n．人造卫星；卫星9．orbit n．(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围v t.& v i.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行10．giant adj.巨大的；宏大的n．巨人；巨兽；伟人11．leap n．跳动；剧增；剧变(leapt，leapt or leaped，leaped) v i.& v t.跳过；跃过12．agency n．(政府的)特地机构；服务机构；代理处13．transmit v t.& v i.传输；发送14．data n．[pl.]资料；数据15．ongoing adj.持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断进展的16．spacecraft n．航天器；宇宙飞船17．spacewalk n．太空行走；太空行走的时间18．jade n．玉；翡翠；玉器19．dock v i.& v t.(两架航天器)对接；(使)……进港n．码头；船坞20．solar adj.太阳的；太阳能的21．solar system太阳系；类太阳系22．sufficient adj.足够的；充分的23．soap n．肥皂24．microwave n．(also microwave oven)微波炉25．tissue n．纸巾；(人、动植物细胞的)组织26．facility n．设施；设备27．fatal adj.致命的；灾难性的28．high-end adj.高端的29．foam n．泡沫橡胶；泡沫30．pillow n．枕头31．smartphone n．智能手机32．closing adj.结尾的；结束的n．停业；关闭；倒闭Ⅱ.记重点单词1．launch v t.& n．放射；发起；上市2．mankind n．人类3．signal v t.& v i.标志着；标明；发信号n．信号；标志4．recycle v t.回收利用；再利用5．muscle n．肌肉；实力；影响力6．float v i.浮动；漂流；漂移v t.使浮动；使漂流7．otherwise ad v.否则；要不然8．beyond prep.在更远处；超出9．current adj.当前的；现在的n．水流；电流；思潮10．towel n．毛巾；抹布11．keen adj.热衷的；渴望的12．shallow adj.肤浅的；浅的13．pattern n．模式；图案；模范14．monitor n．监视器；监测仪v t.监视；监测；监控15．resource n．资源；财力；物力16．oxygen n．氧；氧气Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．mental adj.精神的；思想的→mentally ad v.精神上地2．intelligent adj.有才智的；聪慧的；有智力的→intelligence n．才智3．universe n．宇宙；天地万物→universal adj.宇宙的；通用的4．determined adj.有决心的；意志坚决的→determine v t.查明；确定；打算→determination n．决心；坚决5．disappointed adj.绝望的；懊丧的→disappoint v t.使绝望→disappointing adj.令人绝望的→disappointment n．绝望；懊丧6．desire n．渴望；欲望v t.渴望；期望→desired adj.渴望的，想要的7．independent adj.独立的；独立的→independently ad v.独立地；独立地→independence n．独立；独立→depend v i.依靠8．lack v t.缺乏；没有n．缺乏；短缺→lacking adj.缺乏的；不足的9．globe n．地球；世界；地球仪→global adj.全球的；全面的10．argue v t.& v i.论证；争辩；争辩→argument n．争辩；争吵；论点11．analysis n．(pl.analyses)(对事物的)分析；分析结果→analyz(s)e v．分析12．regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→regularly ad v.有规律地；经常；定期地→irregular adj.无规律的；不定期的13．limited adj.有限的→limitless/unlimited adj.无限的→limit v t.& n．限制14．mystery n．奇特事物；谜→mysterious adj.奇特的15．attach v t.系；绑；贴→attached adj.附着的；依恋的→attachment n．附件；附属品；依恋1．credit n．信用；赞扬；学分v．(给银行账户)存入金额2．criminal n．罪犯；犯人3．currency n．货币；通货4．customs n．海关；关税5．database n．资料库，数据库6．deadline n．最终期限，截止日期Ⅳ.背核心短语1．carry on连续做，坚持干2．on board在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上3．in the hope of doing sth 抱着……的期望4．so as to (do sth)为了；以便5．figure out弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白6．result in导致；造成7．as a result所以；结果(是)8．provide for sb 供应生活所需9．in closing最终10．run out用完；耗尽Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed，but the desire to explore the universe never died.(make＋宾语＋宾补)这些悲剧使人们感到难过与绝望，但是，探究宇宙的愿望永不磨灭。
Unit 4 Space ExplorationDiscovering Useful Structures动词不定式作定语和状语1. Some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.2. On 12 April, 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree. 分析上面的句子: 句1和句 2中黑体部分是动词不定式作定语; 句3中黑体部分是动词不定式作状语。
一、动词不定式作定语1. 动词不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语, 表示尚未发生的动作。
*Let us give him something to eat.让我们给他一些吃的东西。
*We have much homework to do tonight.今晚我们有很多作业要做。
2. 名词前有first, last, next, only等词以及最高级修饰时, 其后要用动词不定式。
*She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 她是第一个在奥运会中赢得金牌的女性。
3. 抽象名词attempt, ability, chance, desire, determination, decision, plan, way 或不定代词something, nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定语。
*But Janis Adkins has the ability and desire to do useful work.但是詹尼斯·阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。
