chapter 7 chapter5 quiz new

Chapter 5 QuizThis activity contains 40 questions.1.Implementation is merely conveying the decision to those affected. TrueFalse2. __________ is/are necessary to initiate the decision process to eliminate discrepancies; otherwise, the problem can be put off.A. PressureB. CriteriaC. StandardD. WeightE. Alternatives3. A manager chooses among three alternatives for advertising (billboards, radio, and newspapers) based on research indicating success in sales for the three alternatives. This is a decision under:A. conditions of certaintyB. goal orientationC. conditions of uncertaintyD. constant preferencesE. conditions of risk4. A manager has no idea what alternatives are available for new computer support systems and does not know how she can determine this information. This is a decision under:A. constant preferencesB. conditions of uncertaintyC. conditions of certaintyD. conditions of riskE. clear preferences5. A manager who determines that cost, speed, and enlarging capability are relevant to his decision to purchase a new photocopy machine is an example of the _______________ phase of the decision-making process.A. identifying the problemB. identifying decision criteriaC. formulating a problemD. allocating weights to the criteriaE. developing alternatives6. A manager with a degree of tolerance for ambiguity, but who want lots of information and considers many alternatives before deciding, is exhibiting a/an ____ style of decision making.A. analyticB. behaviouralC. problem seekingD. conceptualE. Directive7.A problem is a discrepancy between an existing and desired state of affairs.TrueFalse8. Many organizational situations involve ___________, that are new and unusual.A. satisficing decisionsB. groupthinkC. non-structured problemsD. non-routine decisionsE. non-programmed decisions9. Behavioural style decision makers:A. have a low tolerance for ambiguity, are very rational and efficient in their decision stylesB. want information, tolerate ambiguity, and are careful decision makersC. work well with others, are concerned about the achievement of others, and often use meetings to make decisions while trying to avoid conflictD. take a broad outlook, examine many different alternatives, and focus on the long runE. have a high tolerance for ambiguity and an intuitive way of thinking10. Bill and Bob are brainstorming possible solutions to a staffing problem. They are writing their ideas down without assessing their practicality or ability. Bill and Bob are at what stage in the decision-making process?A. developing alternativesB. setting decision criteriaC. choosing an alternative solutionD. allocating weights to the criteriaE. analyzing alternatives11. Bounded rationality is:A. behaviour that is rational but limited by an individual's ability to process informationB. the withholding by group members of different views in order to appear in agreementC. conveying a decision to those affected and getting their commitment to itD. an explicit statement that tells managers what they ought or ought not to doE. an unconscious process of making decisions12. Decision making is a simple act of choosing among alternatives.TrueFalse13.Decision making is important for only two management functions: planning and leading.TrueFalse14. Decision making is synonymous with managing.TrueFalse15. Decision making is:A. a set of seven stepsB. a comprehensive processC. highly overstated in importance.D. simply choosing among alternativesE. only discussed with reference to individuals16. Decisions that are routine are called:A. standard decisionsB. non-programmed decisionsC. well-structured problemsD. programmed decisionsE. ill-structured problems17. Each alternative in the decision-making process is evaluated by appraising it against the criteria.TrueFalse18.Evaluating the decision may cause managers to return to an earlier step in the decision process.TrueFalse19.Programmed decisions mean that the manager doesn't have to go through an involved decision process.TrueFalse20. Managers must determine what is relevant when making a decision. TrueFalse21. Mary can repair a saw at Quality Production Inc. in two hours while it takes Mike five hours to make repairs. Assuming that both workers are present, the manager will always choose Mary to make repairs to the saws. This is a decision under:A. problem clarityB. conditions of riskC. conditions of certaintyD. conditions of uncertaintyE. no cost constraints22. Most decisions that managers face meet all the tests of rationality. TrueFalse23. Not every decision maker possesses criteria that guide his or her decision.TrueFalse24. One manager's "problem" may be another manager's satisfactory state of affairs.TrueFalse25. One survey in your text revealed that almost __________ of managers emphasized "gut feeling" over cognitive problem solving and decision making.A. one-tenthB. two-thirdsC. halfD. one quarterE. one-third26. People with a low tolerance for ambiguity, but who are logical and efficient have a/an _________ decision-making style:A. analyticB. creativeC. behaviouralD. conceptualE. directive27. Policies, procedures, and rules are developed to help managers deal with:A. bounded rationalityB. non-programmed decisionsC. structured problemsD. satisficingE. groupthink28. Problem identification is a relatively simple and insignificant step in the decision making process.TrueFalse29. Some discrepancies may not be considered problems because there is no pressure to take action to correct the situation.TrueFalse30. The control mechanism in the decision-making process is:A. in the selection of alternativesB. when you evaluate the decision's effectivenessC. at the time of setting criteria weightsD. when you identify the problemE. in the implementation stage of decision making31. The decision-making process is designed for individual decision making rather than group decision making.TrueFalse32. Escalation of commitment describes increasing commitment to a decision in view of evidence it might be _________.A. wrongB. intuitiveC. wiseD. hastyE. correct33. The manager of a retail clothing store just found out that some "name brand" merchandise was brought into the Canada illegally. This is an example of:A. an unstructured problemB. A programmed decisionC. a procedureD. a structured problemE. satisficing34. The question: How many employees should I have report directly to me? is related to the __________ management function.A. motivatingB. organizingC. planningD. leadingE. controlling35. Accepting decisions that are "good enough" isA. analyzingB. acceptingC. evaluatingD. intuitiveE. satisficing36. Allocating weights to criteria is part of the ________ process.A. pay off matrixB. decision makingC. evaluationD. alternative analysisE. regret matrix37. The following are examples of _____________in decision making: overconfidence, selective perception, hindsightA. intuitionB. representationC. heuristicsD. rules of thumbE. biases and error38. When facing a situation of uncertainty, the decision-maker has:A. some certainty, with limited probability estimatesB. little certainty but some probability estimatesC. good certainty, but no probability estimatesD. neither certainty, nor probability estimatesE. A fair amount of certainty, but no probability estimates39. Effective decision makers _____________A. rely on rules of thumbB. are analyticalC. are quick thinkingD. are well likedE. practice the five whys40. Which of the following statements is one of the assumptions of rationality:A. Preferences are constant and inconsistent.B. A single set of well-defined goals is to be achieved.C. Time and cost constraints exist.D. Options are clear.E. The problem is clear and unambiguous.。

Quiz for Chapter 12Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. Y-( )=CA2、National income equals GNP less ( ),plus ( ),less ( ).3. GNP equals GDP ( ) net receipts of factor income from the rest of the world.4. The national income identity for an open economy is ( ).5. When a country 's exports exceed its imports, we say the country has a current account ( ).6. The current account includes ( )7. Any transaction resulting in a payment to foreigners is entered in the balance of payment account as a ( ).8. In a closed economy, national saving always equals ( ).9.When official reserves increase, this will be recorded in the ( ), with ( )sign.10. When debit is bigger than net decrease of the reserve, the difference will go to the ( ).Ⅱ. True or false1. The balance of payments accounts always balance in practice as they must in theory.( )2. Net unilateral transfers are considered part of the current accounts but not a part of national income .( )3. The GNP a country generates over some time period must equal its national income ,the income earned in that period by its factors of production. ( )4. When you buy a share of Microsoft stock , you are buying neither a good or a service , so your purchase dose not show up in GNP. ( )5. If the government deficit rises and private saving and investment do not change much ,the current account surplus must fall by roughly the same account as the increase in the fiscal deficit. ( )6. We include income on foreign investment in the current account because that income really is compensation for the services provided by foreign investments.( )7. Remember that foreign borrowing may not always be a bad idea :a country that borrows abroad to undertake profitable domestic investment can pay its creditors and still have money left over.( )8. Government agencies including central banks can freely hold foreign reserves and intervene officiallyin exchange market.( )9. When the United States lends abroad, a payment is made to foreigners and the capital account is credited.10. One reason intervention is important is that central banks use it as a way of altering the amount of money in circulation.Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1.Why account keepers adds the account a statistical discrepancy to the balance of payment?2.The nation of Pecunia had a current account deficit of ＄1 billion and a nonreserve financial account surplusof ＄550 million in 2005.(1)What was the balance of payments of Pecunia in that year? What happened to the country’s net foreignassets?(2)Assume that foreign central banks neither buy nor sell Pecunian assets. How did the Pecunian central bankshad purchased ＄600 million of Pecunian assets in 2005? How would this official intervention show up in the balance of payments accounts?(3)How would your answer to (2) change if you learned that foreign central banks had purchased enter foreignbalance of payments accounts?Ⅳ. Fill the following blanks:China's balance of payment in 2000Quiz for Chapter 13Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. Changes in exchange rates are described asor .2. Foreign exchange deals sometimes specify a value date farther away than two-days-30 days, 90days, 180 days, or even several years. The exchange rates quoted in such transactions are called3. is the most liquid of assets4. The ease with which the asset can be sold or exchange for goods, we call the character is5. A foreignis a spot sale of a currency combined with a forward repurchase of the currency.6. The foreign exchange market is inwhen deposits of all currencies offer the same expected rate of return.7. The price of one currency in terms of another is called an8. All else equal, ain the expected future exchange rate causes a rise in the current exchange rate.9. is the percentage increase in value, it offers over some time period.10. All else equal, anin the interest paid on deposits of a currency causes that currency to appreciate againstforeign currencies.Ⅱ. True or false1. A rate of appreciation of the dollar against the euro is the rate of depreciation of the euro against dollar.( )2. The exchange rate quoted as the price of foreign currency in terms of domestic currency is called direct quotation. ( )3. all else equal, an appreciation of a country's currency makes its goods cheaper for foreigners. ( )4. The foreign exchange market is in equilibrium when deposits of all currencies offer the same expected rate of return. ( )5. All else equal., When a country's currency depreciated, domestic residents find that imports from abroad are more expensive. ( )6. Central bank is at the center of the foreign exchange market.( )7. A depreciation of the dollar against euro today makes euro deposit less attractive on the condition that expected future dollar/euro rate and interest rates do not change.( )8. all else equal, a decrease of the interest paid on deposit of US dollars causes dollars to appreciate against foreign currency.( )9. New York. is the largest foreign exchange market in the world. ( )10. A fall in the expected future exchange rate causes a fall in the current exchange rate.Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1. Currently, the spot exchange rate is US$1=SF1.50 and the expected exchange rate for six month is SF1.55. the interest rate is 8% in the US per annum and 10% in the Switzerland per annum. （1）Determine whether interest rate parity is currently holding.（2）If it is not holding, what will happen in the foreign exchange market?.（3）If the expected exchange rate is unchanged, what is the spot rate when foreign exchange rate is inequilibrium?2.Suppose the dollar interest rate and the pound sterling interest rate are the same, 5 percent per year. What is the relation between the current equilibrium ＄/￡exchange rateand its expected future level? Suppose the expected future ＄/￡exchange rate, ＄1.52 per pound, remains constant as Britain’s interest rate rises to 10 percent per year. If the U.S. interest rate also remains constant, what is the new equilibrium ＄/￡exchange rate?Quiz for Chapter 14Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. M1 includes __________.2. An economy 's money supply is controlled by _________________.3. Three main factors that determine aggregate money demand are4. When money supply equals money demand, we say that the money market is _______________________.5. A rise in the average value of transactions carried out by a household or firm cause its demand for money to.6. is an important phenomenon because it helps explain why exchange rates move so sharply from day to day.7. If the economy is initially at full employment, a permanent increase in the money supply eventually be followed byin the price level.8. Overshooting is a direct consequence of the short-run9. An economy’sis the position it would eventually reach if no new economic shocks occurred during the adjustment to full employment.10. All else equal, a permanent in a country’s money supply causes a proportional long-rundepreciation of its currency against foreign currencies.Ⅱ. True or false1. An increase in real output lowers the interest rate. ( )2. In the short run, a reduction in a country's money supply causes its currency to appreciate in the foreign exchange market. ( )3. All else equal, an increase in a country 's money supply causes a proportional increase in its price level in the long run. ( )3. All else equal, a rise in the interest rate causes the demand for money to fall. ( )4. If there is initially an excess demand of money, the interest rate falls in the short-run. ( )5. A rise in the average value of transactions carried out by a household or firm causes its demand for money to fall. ( )6. Given the price level and out put, an increase in the money supply lowers the interest rate. ( )7. A change in the supply of money has effect on the long-run values of the interest rate or real output. ( )8.The higher the interest rate, the more you sacrifice by holding wealth in the form of money. ( )9. An increase in real output lowers the interest rate, given the price level and the money supply( )10. An economy experiences inflation when its price level is falling. ( )Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1. What is the short-run effect on the exchange rate when US government increases the money supply? (expectations about future exchange rate are unchanged)2.Please draw a group of pictures to show the time paths of U.S. economic variables after a permanent increase in the U.S. money supply growth rate according to the following:(1)The u.s. decided to increase the money supply growth rate permanently.The vertical axis is money supply and the horizontal axis is time.(2)The interest rate change,. The vertical axis is Dollar interest rate and the horizontal axis is time.(3)The price level change. The vertical axis is U.S price level and the horizontal axis is time.(4)The exchange rate change,. The vertical axis is the Dollar/Euro exchange rate and the horizontal axis is time.Ⅳ. CALCULATIONSuppose that the spot rate is €1 = US$1.2468 －78 and the six-month forward rate is €1 = US$1.2523－33, the interest rate per annum is 4% in the euro zone and 6% in the US. After carrying out interest arbitrage with €5,000,000 borrowed at the above-mentioned rate, please calculate your net interest arbitrage profit ( other costs ignored ).Quiz for Chapter 15Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. The equation for real interest parity is.2. The long-run relationship between inflation and interest rates is called .3. The equation for absolute PPP is _________________________.4. The equation for relative PPP is _________________________.5. The law of_______________ states that under free competition and in the absence of trade impediments, a good must sell for a single price regardless of where in the world it is sold.6. Equation$/$/()/E US q E P P ∈∈=⨯ shows that at unchanged output prices, nominal depreciation implies real.7. According to Fisher effect, if U.S. inflation were to rise, then U.S. dollar interest rates would_________________.8. _________________is the relative price of two output baskets, while _________________is the relative price of two currencies.9. Transport costs and government trade restrictions make it expensive to move goods between markets located in different countries and therefore weaken the _________________mechanism underlying PPP. 10. refer to those goods and services that can never be traded internationally at a profit.Ⅱ. True or false1. According to monetary approach, a rise in the interest rate on dollar will lead to the depreciation of the dollar in the long run.( )2. According to monetary approach, a rise in European output causes the Euro to appreciate. ( )3. When demand for American products rises, there will be a long-run real depreciation of the dollar. ( )4. According to monetary approach, a rise in European output causes the Euro to appreciate. ( )5. When European output supply increases, there will be an appreciation of the euro. ( )6. Expected real interest rates are the same in different countries when relative PPP is expected to hold. ( )7. Based on the monetary approach, other things equal, a permanent rise in the U.S. money supply causes a proportional long-run appreciation of the dollar against euro. ( )8. At unchanged output prices, nominal depreciation implies real appreciation. ( )9. Departures from PPP may be even greater in the short run than in the long run because many prices in the economy are sticky and take time to adjust fully. ( )10. If all U.S. prices increase by 10% and the dollar depreciates against foreign currencies by 10%, absolute PPP will be satisfied (assuming there are no changes abroad) for any domestic and foreign choices of price level indexes. ( )Ⅲ. Answer the following questions :1. Suppose America’s inflation rate is 6% over one year, but the inflation rate in Italy is 12%. According to relative PPP, what should happen over the year to the dollar ’s exchange rate against the lira?2.How to explain the problems with PPP? Give the reasons.Quiz for Chapter 16Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. The aggregate demand for an open economy’s output consists of four components:2. The current account balance is determined by two main factors: and3. Equilibrium in the economy as a whole requires equilibrium in theas well as in the4. An temporary increase in the money supply causes aof the domestic currency, of output,and thereforein employment.5. Given a fixed exchange rate, when government demand increases, DD schedule will shift6. A reduction in money demand would shift AA ___________.7. __________ policy works through changes in government spending or taxes.8. If the economy starts at long-run equilibrium, a permanent change in fiscal policy has no net effect on .9. J-curve effects amplify the of exchange rates10. Because a permanent fiscal expansion changes exchange-rate expectations, the effect on output isif the economy stats in long-run equilibrium.Ⅱ. True or false1. If there is a decline in investment demand, the DD schedule will shift to the right. ( )2. The effect of real exchange rate increase on IM is ambiguous. ( )3. A temporary increase in the money supply, which does not alter the long-run expected exchange rate, causes a depreciation of the currency and a rise in output. Temporary fiscal expansion also has the same result. ( )4. Other things equal, a real depreciation of the home currency lowers aggregate demand for home output. ( )5. The DD Schedule shows all exchange rate and output levels at which the outputmarket is in short-run equilibrium. DD Schedule slopes upward. ( )6. A permanent fiscal expansion does not changes exchange-rate expectations. ( )7. Since the effect is the same of that of an increase in G, an increase in T must cause the DD Schedule to shift rightward. ( )8. A rise in R* causes an upward shift of AA. ( )9. Either an increase in the money supply or temporary fiscal ease can be used to maintain full employment. The two polices have no different effects at all. ( )10.If exports and imports adjust gradually to real exchange rate changes, the current account may follow a J-curve pattern after a real currency appreciation, first worsening and then improving. ( )11. The greater the upward shift of the asset market equilibrium schedule, the greater the appreciation of the currency. ( )12. Monetary expansion causes the current account balance to decrease in the short run. ( )13. Expansionary fiscal policy reduces the current account balance. ( )Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1. A new government is elected and announces that once it is inaugurated, it will increase the money supply. Use the DD-AA model to study the economy’s response to this announcement.2. Please use AA and DD schedules to describe “The adjustment to a permanent increase in the money supply. ” The original point is at full employment.The vertical axis is exchange rate, the horizontal axis is output.3. If an economy does not start out at full employment,is it still true that a permanent change in fiscal policy has no current effect on output? Please use AA and DD schedules to describe it.Quiz for Chapter 17Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. Any central bank purchase of assets automatically results in an in the domestic money supply.2. The condition of the foreign exchange market equilibrium under a fixed exchange rate is .3. Under a fixed exchange rate, central bankpolicy tools is more effective.4. The expectation of a future devaluation causes ain the home interest rate above the world level.5. The main factor that may lead to imperfect asset substitutability in the foreign exchange market is .6. Between the end of World War II and 1973, was the main reserve currency.7. Under a gold standard, each country fixes the price of its currency in terms of .8. Under a _________, central bank monetary policy tools are powerless to affect the economy’s money supply or its output.9. A system which governments may attempt to moderate exchange rate movements without keeping exchangerates rigidly fixed is____________.10. Half way between the gold standard and a pure reserve currency standard is the __________.Ⅱ. True or false1. Any central bank sale of assets automatically causes the money supply to decline. ( )2. If central banks are not sterilizing and the home country has a balance of payments surplus, any increase in the home central bank’s foreign assets implies an decreased home money supply. ( )3. Under a fixed exchange rate, central bank monetary policy tools are powerful to affect the economy’s money supply. ( )4. The expectation of a future revaluation causes a rise in foreign reserves. ( )5 When domestic and foreign currency bonds are imperfect substitutes, equilibrium in the foreign market requires that the domestic interest rate equal the expected domestic currency return on foreign bonds subtract a risk premium. ( )6. Between the end of World War II and 1973, the exchange rate system was one in which exchange rate between any two currencies were floating. ( )7.Under the reserve currency standard, the center country has to intervene the exchange rate. ( )8. The central bank can negate the money supply effect of intervention through sterilization.( )9. A system of managed floating allows the central bank to retain some ability to control the domestic money supply, but at the cost of greater exchange rate instability.( )10. A world system of fixed exchange rates in which countries peg the prices of their currencies in terms of a reserve currency does not involve a striking asymmetry.()Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1. Why governments sometimes choose to devalue their currencies?2. How does fiscal expansion affect a country’s output and the central bank’s balance sheet under fixed exchange rate?3. Can you think of reasons why a government might willingly sacrifice some of its ability to use monetary policy so that it can have stable exchange rates?4. Explain why temporary and permanent fiscal expansions do not have different effects under fixed exchange rates, as they do under floating.Quiz for Chapter 18—21Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. The channels of interdependence depend, in turn, on the monetary and exchange rate arrangements that countries adopt-a set of institutions called the （）.2. In open economies, policymakers are motivated by the goals of internal and external balance. Simply defined, ( )requires the full employment of a country’s resources and domestic price level stability.3. A country is said to be in( ) when the sum of its current and its no reserve capital accounts equals zero, so that the current account balance is financed entirely by international lending without reserve movements.4. The gold standard contains some powerful automatic mechanisms that contribute to the simultaneous achievement of balance of payments equilibrium by all countries .That mechanisms is( ).5. ( ) is one currency that may be freely exchanged for foreign currencies.6、Under the Bretoon Woods system ,( ) or ( )can be used to influence output and thus help the government achieve its internal goal of full employment.7、Fiscal policy is also called ( ),because it alters the level of the economy’s total demand for goods and services.; The accompanying exchange rate adjustment is called ( ), Because it changes the direction of demand ,shifting it between domestic output and imports.8、Bretton Woods system give ( )the leading position in the world economy.9、Bretton Woods system require that other currency should peg with ( )10、Under the fixed rate system, if the exchange rate change, the foreign reserves will ( )11、( ) symmetry and exchange rate as automatic stabilizers are the advantages of floating rate system.12、( ) predict the collapse of the Bretton Woods system.13、The level of ( ) in the European Union is too small to cushion member countries from adverse economic events.14、The ( ) schedule shows the relationship between the monetary efficiency gain and the degree of economic integration.Ⅱ. True or false1. In an open economy, macroeconomic policy has two basic goals, internal balance (full employment with price stability) and external balance (avoiding excessive imbalances in international payments)( )2. The gold standard era starts in 1861 and end in 1914.( )3. The countries with the weak investment opportunities should be net importers of currently available output (and thus have current account surpluses), while countries with the good investment opportunities should be net exporters of current output (and have current account deficits).( )4. Each member of IMF contributed to the Fund an amount of gold equal in value to three-fourth of its quota. The remaining one-fourths of its quota took the form of a contribution of its own national currency. ( )5、Balance of payment crisis became increasingly frequent and violent throughout the 1960 and early 1970s.The events led to the Bretoon Woods system’s collapse.（）6、One interpretation of the Bretoon Woods system’s collapse is that the foreign countries were forced to import US. Inflation through the mechanism to stabilize their price levels and regain internal balance, they had toabandon fixed exchange rates and allow their currency to float.（）7、Speculation on changes in exchange rats could lead to instability in foreign exchange markets . （）8.Under the fixed rate system, the government is required to use foreign reserve to stabilize exchange rate.（）9.The U.S. Federal Reserve played the leading role in determining their owns domestic money supply.（）10.Advocates of floating argued that floating rates would allow each country to choose its own desired long-run inflation rate rather than passively importing the inflation rate established abroad. （）11.The eight original participant in the EMS’s exchange rate mechanism------France, German, Italy, Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands. ( )。

正确答案：A、B 你选对了Quizzes for Chapter 11 单选(1 分)图灵测试旨在给予哪一种令人满意的操作定义得分/ 5 多选(1 分)选择下列计算机系统中属于人工智能的实例得分/总分总分A. W eb搜索引擎A. 人类思考B.超市条形码扫描器B. 人工智能C.声控电话菜单该题无法得分/1.00C.机器智能 1.00/1.00D.智能个人助理该题无法得分/1.00正确答案：A、D 你错选为C、DD.机器动作正确答案： C 你选对了6 多选(1 分)选择下列哪些是人工智能的研究领域得分/总分2 多选(1 分)选择以下关于人工智能概念的正确表述得分/总分A.人脸识别0.33/1.00A. 人工智能旨在创造智能机器该题无法得分/1.00B.专家系统0.33/1.00B. 人工智能是研究和构建在给定环境下表现良好的智能体程序该题无法得分/1.00C.图像理解C.人工智能将其定义为人类智能体的研究该题无法D.分布式计算得分/1.00正确答案：A、B、C 你错选为A、BD.人工智能是为了开发一类计算机使之能够完成通7 多选(1 分)考察人工智能(AI) 的一些应用，去发现目前下列哪些任务可以通过AI 来解决得分/总分常由人类所能做的事该题无法得分/1.00正确答案：A、B、D 你错选为A、B、C、DA.以竞技水平玩德州扑克游戏0.33/1.003 多选(1 分)如下学科哪些是人工智能的基础？得分/总分B.打一场像样的乒乓球比赛A. 经济学0.25/1.00C.在Web 上购买一周的食品杂货0.33/1.00B. 哲学0.25/1.00D.在市场上购买一周的食品杂货C.心理学0.25/1.00正确答案：A、B、C 你错选为A、CD.数学0.25/1.008 填空(1 分)理性指的是一个系统的属性，即在_________的环境下正确答案：A、B、C、D 你选对了做正确的事。

得分/总分正确答案：已知4 多选(1 分)下列陈述中哪些是描述强AI (通用AI )的正确答案？得1 单选(1 分)图灵测试旨在给予哪一种令人满意的操作定义得分/ 分/总分总分A. 指的是一种机器，具有将智能应用于任何问题的A.人类思考能力0.50/1.00B.人工智能B. 是经过适当编程的具有正确输入和输出的计算机，因此有与人类同样判断力的头脑0.50/1.00C.机器智能 1.00/1.00C.指的是一种机器，仅针对一个具体问题D.机器动作正确答案： C 你选对了D.其定义为无知觉的计算机智能，或专注于一个狭2 多选(1 分)选择以下关于人工智能概念的正确表述得分/总分窄任务的AIA. 人工智能旨在创造智能机器该题无法得分/1.00B.专家系统0.33/1.00B. 人工智能是研究和构建在给定环境下表现良好的C.图像理解智能体程序该题无法得分/1.00D.分布式计算C.人工智能将其定义为人类智能体的研究该题无法正确答案：A、B、C 你错选为A、B得分/1.00 7 多选(1 分)考察人工智能(AI) 的一些应用，去发现目前下列哪些任务可以通过AI 来解决得分/总分D.人工智能是为了开发一类计算机使之能够完成通A.以竞技水平玩德州扑克游戏0.33/1.00常由人类所能做的事该题无法得分/1.00正确答案：A、B、D 你错选为A、B、C、DB.打一场像样的乒乓球比赛3 多选(1 分)如下学科哪些是人工智能的基础？得分/总分C.在Web 上购买一周的食品杂货0.33/1.00A. 经济学0.25/1.00D.在市场上购买一周的食品杂货B. 哲学0.25/1.00正确答案：A、B、C 你错选为A、CC.心理学0.25/1.008 填空(1 分)理性指的是一个系统的属性，即在_________的环境下D.数学0.25/1.00 做正确的事。

了不起的盖茨比第七章英语单词知乎全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Vocabulary of Chapter 7 in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott FitzgeraldWhat's up, guys? It's your boi here with another round of vocab from the literary classic The Great Gatsby. This time we're diving into Chapter 7, so get ready for some wild times!Let's kick things off with "feign" (v.). In the chapter, Tom feigns drunkenness to provoke a reaction from the others. To feign means to pretend or put on an act. Like when your buddy feigns interest in that boring history lecture just to impress the cute girl in the front row. We've all been there, am I right?Next up is "reproach" (n.). Gatsby reproaches Tom for his unpardonable behavior, meaning he expresses criticism or censure. When your mom gives you that look of reproach after you failed another math test, you know you're in trouble!Get ready for some fancy vocabulary with "obsequious" (adj.). The butler shows an obsequious manner, so he's extremely respectful and compliant, almost to an excessive degree. Kindalike how we all act obsequious around our crushes, trying so hard to impress them. Smooth moves, my friends.Ooh, here's a good one: "little-tarnished" (adj.). Daisy's voice is described as "little-tarnished" by the dust of living. In other words, her voice has lost some of its shine or luster due to the challenges of life. Like when your brand new sneakers get a little tarnished after a few months of wear and tear. But hey, that's just character, right?Moving on to "indefensibly" (adv.). Tom's behavior is described as indefensibly, meaning it cannot be justified or excused. Like when you indefensibly ditch your study group to go party, and then bomb the final exam. Oops!Now, let's talk "disconcert" (v.). Gatsby's words disconcert Daisy, meaning they confuse or unsettle her. You know that feeling when your professor asks you a question in class, and you're just utterly disconcerted? Yeah, been there, done that.Ooh, here's a juicy one: "contralto" (n.). Daisy's voice is described as a contralto, which is the lowest female voice range. Think of those rich, sultry singers who just ooze confidence and charisma. Contralto voices are like vocal catnip for music lovers everywhere.Get ready for some high-level vocab with "sumptuous" (adj.). The rooms in Gatsby's mansion are described as sumptuous, meaning they're extremely luxurious and opulent. Kinda like how we all dream of living in a sumptuous penthouse suite with a killer view and a private jacuzzi. A guy can dream, right?Alright, let's keep it moving with "ineffable" (adj.). Daisy's voice is described as having an "ineffable charm," meaning its appeal or attractiveness is too great to be described or expressed in words. Like when you try to explain to your friends why you're so smitten with your latest crush, but the charm is just ineffable, you know?Last but not least, we've got "imputation" (n.). Gatsby makes an imputation on Tom's character, meaning he implies or suggests something negative about Tom's integrity or principles. Kinda like when your lab partner makes an imputation about your work ethic after you slacked off on that group project. Ouch, that stings!Well, there you have it, folks – a rundown of some of the most interesting and challenging vocabulary from Chapter 7 of The Great Gatsby. I hope this helps you not only understand the text better but also expand your own linguistic repertoire. Because let's be real, having a killer vocab is like having a secretweapon in your back pocket. It'll help you slay those essays, impress your professors, and maybe even catch the eye of that special someone. Just saying.Anyway, that's all for now. Stay classy, my friends, and keep those vocab skills sharp!篇2Title: The Vocabulary of Chapter 7 in The Great Gatsby ExploredChapter 7 of The Great Gatsby is an intense and pivotal chapter, filled with drama, conflict, and profound realizations. As a student deeply engaged with this literary masterpiece, I found the vocabulary used in this chapter to be particularly impactful and worth exploring in depth.One word that immediately caught my attention was "inexplicable" (adj.), used when Nick describes Gatsby's inexplicable conviction that Daisy would leave Tom for him. This word conveys a sense of mystery and perplexity, reflecting the enigmatic nature of Gatsby's unwavering belief in his romantic vision.The word "colossal" (adj.) is used to describe the magnitude of Gatsby's dreams and aspirations. It paints a picture ofsomething massive, grandiose, and awe-inspiring – a fitting description for the larger-than-life ambitions that drive Gatsby's pursuit of Daisy.When Gatsby's world comes crashing down, Nick describes it as a "grotesque" (adj.) situation, emphasizing the distorted and unnatural nature of the events unfolding. This word carries a sense of ugliness and distortion, perfectly capturing the jarring reality that contrasts with Gatsby's idealized dreams.As tensions escalate, Nick observes Tom's "supercilious" (adj.) manner, suggesting an air of arrogant superiority and disdain. This word effectively conveys Tom's haughty and condescending attitude, which serves as a catalyst for the brewing conflict.In a poignant moment, Nick remarks on Gatsby's "gorgeous" (adj.) imagination, celebrating the beauty and vividness of his romantic vision. This word not only highlights the allure of Gatsby's dreams but also underscores the contrast between his idealized world and the harsh realities he faces.When Gatsby's illusions are shattered, Nick describes him as being "stunned" (adj.), conveying a state of utter disbelief and shock. This word effectively captures the profound impact of Gatsby's disillusionment, as his carefully constructed dreams crumble around him.As the chapter reaches its climax, Nick notes the "desolate" (adj.) yards surrounding the scene, painting a picture of utter desolation and abandonment. This word reinforces the sense of isolation and emptiness that pervades the aftermath of the tragic events.Another powerful word used is "appalling" (adj.), employed when Nick condemns the careless behavior of Tom and Daisy. This word conveys a sense of shock, horror, and ethical outrage, underscoring the gravity of their actions and the moral implications they carry.Throughout the chapter, Nick's narration is punctuated by the word "incredulous" (adj.), describing his disbelief at the unfolding events. This word effectively captures the sense of astonishment and incredulity that permeates Nick's perspective as he witnesses the dramatic and unexpected turn of events.Finally, the word "immolate" (v.) is used when Nick describes Gatsby's dreams being immolated, evoking a sense of complete destruction and sacrifice. This powerful word not only emphasizes the finality of Gatsby's shattered illusions but also suggests a sense of ritual and martyrdom, elevating his romantic pursuit to a tragic and heroic level.These carefully chosen words by F. Scott Fitzgerald not only enrich the narrative but also serve to convey the depth of emotions, the complexity of characters, and the profound themes explored in this pivotal chapter. As a student, analyzing the vocabulary has deepened my appreciation for the author's masterful command of language and has heightened my understanding of the novel's resonant messages.篇3Title: Mind-Blowing Vocab from The Great Gatsby Chapter 7Yo wassup fam! It's your boy here dropping some serious knowledge about the fire vocab from Chapter 7 of the classic novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. This chapter is an absolute linguistic goldmine, so strap yourselves in for a wild ride through some of the most lit words and phrases.Let's start with "reverberated" – this bad boy describes how the sound of taxi horns kept echoing off the walls, making mad noise pollution. It just reverberates in your brain, you know? Then we've got "stentorian" which means loud and powerful, like how that annoying guy at parties always tries to be the center of attention with his stentorian voice. Cringe.Moving on, "rareties" refers to rare and valuable things, like those limited edition kicks you waited months in line to cop. The "oblivious" seascape is how the ocean view is just chilling, not paying any attention to the drama going down. It's oblivious to the tea being spilled left and right, you feel me?Then we get hit with some deep words like "colossal" and "impending." Colossal means massively huge, like the finale battle in Avengers: Endgame was just colossal. And impending is something that's about to happen, that you can see coming from a mile away. Like when you know you're about to get roasted by your boys for stuttering in front of your crush. The humiliation is impending."Apprehensive" is a great word for feeling anxious and worried, especially about the future. I'm sure we all get apprehensive af thinking about our next calc test, am I right? "Grotesque" means something is ugly or distorted in an unnatural way. Like those grotesque faced water bottle lip fillers, sis needs to chill on that.I can't forget to shoutout "reproachful" which is when you're making someone feel guilty or remorseful for their actions. Your mom's reproachful look when you failed another class is just too much. Moving on to "disconcerted" which captures beingknocked off balance emotionally, like how I felt disconcerted after my boy snitched about my secret glo-up routine. Not cool bro.Okay, one of my absolute favorites is "ineffable" which refers to something being indescribable or too great to be expressed in words. Like the ineffable feeling of pure bliss when your Uber Eats finally arrives after a hollow two hour wait. Ineffable satisfaction.This next one is a wild flex - "preternatural" means something is beyond what is normal or natural. Like when you see someone's preternatural ability to sleep through their 8am lectures every single day without fail. Sh*t's not normal fam.I could go on and on, but I'll leave you with one last juicy vocab gem: "pathological" means related to or showing evidence of a mental or psychological disorder. Like your friend's pathological need to take a pic for the 'Gram every time y'all go out. Get some help sis, that ain't healthy.So there you have it people, a taste of the exotic af vocab flavors that Chapter 7 has to offer. If you haven't already read this book for your English class, I highly recommend you do. The writing may be from ages ago, but the wordplay is as current as Drake's latest album. Catch y'all on the flip!。

Unit 5 课后练习答案P83. IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.1. The argument of conservatism has a certain disadvantage but it is also advantageous over liberals for it depends on the actual state of things.2. Conservatives do not have a romantic vision, or request for the better, or the urge to be creative. What they tend to do is to maintain the status quo. On the other hand, liberals are not satisfied with the status quo, so they won't treat things with caution to keep them intact, or make efforts to conserve the resources or assets already existent.3. It is certain that conservatives and liberals, representing two opposite ideals, have their respective advantages, but they both are limited in some way.P83. Text appreciation1) It is the counteraction of the centripetal and the centrifugal forces. (Paragraph 9)2) The castle, which conservatism is set to defend, is the actual state of things, good and bad. The project of innovation is the best possible state of things. (Paragraph 10)3) We are reformers in spring and summer, in autumn and winter we stand by the old; reformers in the morning, conservers at night. (Paragraph 10)P84. Language workI. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words.1. spreads or prevails forcefully benefits or profits; gains2. wins; prevails3. be equally deep-rooted in human nature4. depends onstate or quality of being unlimited5. pays attention to6. the best it has to offerP84 Choose a word or phrase that best completes each of the following sentences.l.A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A7. D 8. D 9. A 10. DP85. FILL IN the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1.rageful2. incontestable3. emblematic4. irreconcilable5. hierarchized6. unseemly7. treacherous8. mountaineeringP86 改错题1. nationally—internationally2. as…like3. /…for4. does…done5. subject后面加other6. that …what7. few…fewer8. /…the9. amount…number10. where…whichp86. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word.1. as2. like3. who4. caused5. life6. people7. but8. published9. master 10. withdrewP87.汉译英People turn themselves into two conflicting forces — conservatives and liberals, owing to their respective opposing philosophical views about life. The former are complacent with the established hierarchies while the latter strive for a new cosmos order which they believe will be superior to the previous one. They each give priorities to totally different things. The former emphasizes brilliant past glories while the latter are chiefly concerned about the rosy future. The former bases their views on man's incontestable limitations while the latter stand on his indisputable infinitude of possibilities in improving and perfecting themselves. If the former go too far, they may display some nostalgia for a largely nonexistent past, which may handicap the pursuit of a still better future. If the latter go too far, they tend to cherish some dreams too romantic to be practical. If human life consists of spring, summer, autumn and winter, we are inclined to be liberals in spring and summer, but there is every likelihood that we may turn ourselves into conservatives by degrees in autumn and winter. For example, the famous modernist poet Eliot explored in his early poetry various aspects of decay of civilization in the modern Western world, but he attached much importance to stability and order in his later works.。

Key to Quiz 1 (Book V):Part I 1-10 ADCBD ABCACPart II 11. haunted 12. Presently 13. cautious 14. hang up15. appraise 16. glare 17. detected 18. imposing19. scarcely 20. drainedPart III 21. appeared to take great pleasure / delight22.It seemed to happen in a flash23.he paid off the loan from the bank24.had to resign himself to another half an hour to clean the swimming pool25.pulled on a pair of glovesPart IV 26-35 ACADC BDACB 36 45 CDBCA ACBDBPart V 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. A50. had given him the details51 ・ she lived alone and she keeps a large sum of money and jewels at home52.tracking her arrival and departure times with Al53.60 minutes54.the dead woman opened the door and stepped into the room55.her twin sisterKey to Quiz 2 (Book V):Part I 1-10 BACBD ACBABPart II 11. in security 12. masculinity 13. dessert 14. on the wa ne15. fragile 16. consulted 17. outlived 18. feminist19. awkward 20. alternatePart III 21. Let's just play it by ear22. Somethi ng urge nt has come up23. take the initiative in making acquaintancesKey to Quiz 3 (Book V):Part I 1-10 BDABC ACDCBPart II 11. chaotic 12. successor 13. recruitment14・ conservative 15. unanimous 16. eligible 17. speculating 18. industrious19. hospitable 20. negotiatePart III 21 ・ spell out my reasons for leaving now22. what other suppliers the prospective customers will consider23. Weari ng fashi on able clothes might give us more confide nee24. took into account that Mike had never lied before25. the cost of living to come downPart IV 26. Hard work was to be esteemed27. Gen tiemen of leisure28. The Japanese29. the idea of innate ability 24.out of step with modern life.25. he has the right to sit backPart IV 26. extinction —extinct 28. out 后面加if 30. held-*hold 32. that-*what 34. who 后面加 were Part V 36-40 CDDCB 27. rude —ruder29. which —where31. con ducting — conducted33. people 后面加 less35. employers — employees30.Because we often tell them it isn'tPart V 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A35.their independent career decision36.new and old graduates37.select their own lifestyles38.funds and equipment39.500 young workers centers40.a vocational scholarship systemKey to Quiz 4 (Book V):Part I 1-10 BDACB CDABDPart II 11 ・ component 12. betray 13. adolescence 14. disintegrate 15. forged 16. alleviated 17. deteriorate 18. inherent19. dormant 20. terminatePart III 21. don't bottle it up.22.they find fewer people with whom they can confide・23.In contrast with your belief that well fail,24.This is an irreconcilable conflict.25.the meeting is tentatively scheduled to be held Tuesday Part IV 26-35 DACDC ABCAD36-45 DBCDA BADCDPart V 46-50 ABDCDKey to Quiz 5 (Book V):Part I 1-10 BACAD CDBBAPart II 11. compromised 12. transcends 13. Stumbling block 14. multiple 15. Inquiry 16. byproduct 17. Aside from 18. mistreatment19. virtuous 20. In shortPart III 21. recovered its morale22.seemed to miss the point of it23.Guilt and fear often afflict24.can you equate his poems with his plays25.get custody of her childrenPart IV 26. Mastery and Pleasure27.The u doing" side of life, to work and activity. “28.The feeling side of life29.enhance her well-being.30.masteryPartV 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D35.Denmark36.federalism and direct democracy37.Nineteen Eighty-four38.give the directions39.the inhabitants are conditioned to enjoy their existenee40.squalor, suicides and other tragediesKey to Quiz 6 (Book V):Part I 1-10 DABCB CADBCPart II 11. alleged 12 embrace 13. momentarily 14. testified15. compassion 16. dispensable 17. exclusive 18. foresight19. recycle 20. patrioticPart III 21. they have cut down on experises22.He burst into laughter all of a sudden.23.His laziness will weigh against him24.Don't take my criticism to heart25.The figures ran up to $ 50,000Part IV 26. extreme- * extremely 27. promote—promoting28. ahead后而加of 29. instead 后而加of30. with—without 31 ・ advance—advanced32. fact后面is去掉33. away 去掉34. the 后面加more 35. screen—screeningPart V 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D40. the happier/ the more successful41 ・ both his business and marriage42.respect and results43.Working together we can do it.44.Supportive type45.Cautious typeKey to Quiz 7 (Book V):Part I 1-10 ADACB CDABDPart II 11. commemorate 12. immense 13. consolation 14. rescue 15. pressed on 16. eternal 17・ Academy 18. stir 19. testimony20.Hold on toPart III 21. He is blessed with good health from birth22.he gave a pledge to handle the affair fairly23.you can leave your umbrella behind24.His dedication to teaching25.fall far short of actual needsPart IV 26-35 BBCAA CDBAB 36-45 ABCDB AACDBPart V 46-50 A B D B DKey to Quiz 8 (Book V):Part I 1-10 ADCBC ADBABPart II 11. decay 12. outspoken 13. blank 14. yawned 15. agitated 16. filtered 17. mingled 18. hermit19.curative 20. subtractPart III 21 ・ paved the way for industrial expansion22.but I lost my nerve to do it23.to start at short notice24.gained the ascendancy25.retraced her stepsPart IV 26.Mr. Morton took a cart for the luggage.27.Because they had no income・28.her maid29」t was not entirely natural.30.Because she used makeup skillfully.Part V 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. D35.a Dutch dollar and a shilling in copper36.his rowing37.awkward and ridiculous38.rowing and want of rest.39.broke up/ended40.under each armKey to Quiz 9 (Book V):Part I 1-10 BACAB DBADBPart II 11. accounts for 12. demolished 13. virtually 14. washed down by 15. summit 16. quotations 17. catastrophe 18. transmits19. put an end to 20. anonymouslyPart III 21. gradually he calmed down22.in fear of loosing their job23.she cheered up at the sight of the food24.He decided to stop off in Paris25.the company will soon go under in the credit crisisPart IV 26-35 CABCA DBADB36-45 BBACD ABCACPartV 46-50 DBCABKey to Quiz 10 (Book 5)Part I 1-10 BDADB ACACBPart II 11. Access 12. civilization !3. be consulted 14. frictional15. recession 16. ruthless 17. disclose 18. stripped off19. landslide 20. stubbornPart III 21. execute a few small commissions22.The argument cannot be refuted23.she hurt my feelings deliberately24.she was nominated as an official representative of her company.25.so much inc on sistencyPart VI 26-35 CADAD CACBC36-45 BBCDB BABDCPart V 46. A 47. D 48. B 49.C50. more men than women51 ・ many black women52.the company created many opportunities for women employees, promotion53.the lack of senior-level role model54.18.9% to 31%55.connections。

Quiz >> Vocabulary & StructureB 1. He ___ his cattle on the top meadow.A) grew B) pastured C) fed D) putB 2. Moslems hold their ____ in mosque every Friday.A) pray B) worship C) respect D) ceremony B3. ______ their differences, the couple were developing an obvious and genuine affection for each other.A) But for B) For all C) Above all D) Except forA4. These goods are _______ for export, though a few of them may be sold on the home market.A) essentially B) completely C) necessarily D) remarkablyD5. American women were _____ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.A) ignored B) neglected C) refused D) deniedD6. Mike’s uncle insists ______ in this hotel.A) staying not B) not to stay C) that he would not stay D) that he not stayC7. I don’t think it advisable that Tim _______ to the job since he has no experience.A) is assigned B) will be assigned C) be assigned D) has been assignedD8. You _______ him so closely; you should have kept your distance.A) shouldn’t follow B) mustn’t followingC) couldn’t have been follow D) shouldn’t have been followingC9. I didn’t _______ to take a taxi but I had to as I was late.A) assume B) suppose C) mean D) hopeA10. A lorry _______ Jane’s cat and sped away.A) ran over B) ran into C) ran through D) ran down D11. Tryon was extremely angry, but cool-headed enough to ________storming into the boss’s office.A) prevent B) prohibit C) turn D) avoid A12. He moved away from his parents, and missed them _____ enjoy the exciting life in New Y ork.A) too much to B) enough to C) very much to D) much so as soD13. Last year the advertising rate ______ by 20 percent.A) raised B) aroused C) arose D) rose D14. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience______ on benches, chairs or boxes.A) having seated B) seating C) seated D) having been seatedD15. It is important that the hotel receptionist _______ that guests are registered correctly.A) has made sure B) made sure C) must make sure D) make sureD16. Mark often attempts to escape _____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A) having been fined B) to be fined C) to have been fined D) being finedC17. Some old people don’t like pop songs because they can’t ____ so much noise.A) resist B) sustain C) tolerate D) undergoC18. He wasn’t appointed chairman of the committee, ______ not very popular with all its members.A) to be considered B)considering C) being considered D) having consideredB19. Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body’s need for it from natural sources without turning _______the salt bottle.A) up B) to C) onD) overD20. Some women ______ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.A) must make B) should have made C) would make D) could have madeC21. Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is _______.A) granted B) implied C) exaggerated D) remediedA22. If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _____ now.A) wouldn’t be smiling B) couldn’t have smiled C) won’t smileD) did n’t smileD23. ____ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.A) Had they arrivedB) Would they arrive C)Were they arriving D)Were they to arriveC24. If the whole operation _____ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost.A) was not planned B) has not been planned C) had not beenplanned D) were not plannedKeys:1-10: bbbaddcdca11-20: daddddccbd21-24:cadc。

Quizzes for Chapter 11单选(1分)图灵测试旨在给予哪一种令人满意的操作定义得分/总分• A.人类思考•B.人工智能•C.机器智能1.00/1.00•D.机器动作正确答案：C 你选对了2多选(1分)选择以下关于人工智能概念的正确表述得分/总分• A.人工智能旨在创造智能机器该题无法得分/1.00 •B.人工智能是研究和构建在给定环境下表现良好的智能体程序该题无法得分/1.00•C.人工智能将其定义为人类智能体的研究该题无法得分/1.00• D.人工智能是为了开发一类计算机使之能够完成通常由人类所能做的事该题无法得分/1.00 正确答案：A 、B 、D 你错选为A 、B 、C 、D3多选(1分)如下学科哪些是人工智能的基础？得分/总分• A.经济学0.25/1.00 • B.哲学0.25/1.00 •C.心理学0.25/1.00 •D.数学0.25/1.00正确答案：A 、B 、C、D 你选对了4多选(1分)下列陈述中哪些是描述强AI (通用AI )的正确答案？得分/总分• A.指的是一种机器，具有将智能应用于任何问题的能力0.50/1.00• B.是经过适当编程的具有正确输入和输出的计算机，因此有与人类同样判断力的头脑0.50/1.00•C.指的是一种机器，仅针对一个具体问题正确答案：A 、B 你选对了5多选(1分)选择下列计算机系统中属于人工智能的实例得分/总分•A.Web 搜索引擎 •B.超市条形码扫描器•C.声控电话菜单该题无法得分/1.00 •D.智能个人助理该题无法得分/1.00正确答案：A 、D 你错选为C 、D6多选(1分)选择下列哪些是人工智能的研究领域 得分/总分• A.人脸识别0.33/1.00• B.专家系统0.33/1.00 •C.图像理解•D.分布式计算正确答案：A、B 、C 你错选为A 、B7多选(1分)考察人工智能(AI)的一些应用，去发现目前下列哪些任务可以通过AI 来解决得分/总分• A.以竞技水平玩德州扑克游戏0.33/1.00• B.打一场像样的乒乓球比赛•C.在Web 上购买一周的食品杂货0.33/1.00•D.在市场上购买一周的食品杂货正确答案：A、B 、C 你错选为A 、C8填空(1分)理性指的是一个系统的属性，即在_________的环境下做正确的事。

新编⼤学英语5的1-5单元QUIZ题⽬及答案第⼀单元1. Directions:1 )accusea. No one believed her wild accusations against her husband.b. The government stands accused of eroding freedom of speech.c. Her blue eyes took on an unblinking, accusatory stare.d. "Has this dog been fed today?" she asked accusingly .2)suspecta. They became suspicious of his behavior and contacted the police.b. I have a suspicion of doubt about whether I should accept his invitation or not.c. Frears was rushed to the hospital with a suspected heart attack.d. No one knows what caused the outbreak of food poisoning, but shellfish are themain suspects .3)imaginea. In her painting, she has used every color imaginable .b. We must consider our real options, not imaginary ones.c. So many boring new buildings reveal a complete lack of imagination on the part of their architects.d. They should adopt a more imaginative approach and investigate alternative uses for their property.4)selecta. The company is selective when hiring workers; they want the best people.b. We are keen to see if Robley still has the international qualities to justify selectionfor the national team.c. Voters are selecting candidates for both US Senate seats and for 52 congressional seats.5)possessa. She is possessive about her money and won't even share it with her husband.b. I'm pleased to say that I am now the proud possessor of a driving license.c. We should go up and take possession of the land.d. She asked me if I had a ball gown that she could borrow, but I'm afraid I don'tpossess such a thing.6)judgea. The judgement of the experts is that the vase is authentic, not a fake.b. They judged the system on how quick it could respond to their queries.c. We tried not to seem critical or judgmental while giving advice that would protect himfrom ridicule.d. Judging by the opinion polls, he seems to be succeeding.7 ) considera. He is always considerate of others; he is kind and sympathetic.b. Careful consideration should be given to issues of health and safety.c. He treats everybody equally and considerately .d. We would hope to be able to give a considered response to the union's proposals by the end of the year.8 couragea. The police officer showed great courage by jumping into the cold lake to savea drowning boy.b. Music and lighting are used to encourage shoppers to buy more.c. I hope people will be courageous enough to speak out against this injustice.d. It was encouraging that he recognized the dangers facing the companies.2. Directions:Complete the sentences with the words or phrases given in the box. Change the form if necessary. corpse decreeflashlight imprison irritatinginstall administer etectwillful moonlessthrust undo unpay1 He beamed the flashlight ahead and picked his way around the huge bale of rusted wire.2 Security cameras have been installed in the city centre.3 It's so irritating how Ellen always tries to finish people's sentences for them.4 I stepped outside into the moonless night and waited for another cry.5 The company allows its employees to take unpaid leave for various reasons.6 He was terrified at the thought of being stranded in the woods.7 Thieves are digging up corpses in order to steal jewellery and gold teeth.8 The system is so sensitive that it can detect changes in temperature as small as 0.003 degrees.9 Thousands of civilians were arrested, imprisoned and killed1 He lived a very willful life, and the fear of chaos had always haunted him from childhood.2 It is not the job of the police to administer justice; that falls to the courts.3 In 1637 the Emperor issued a decree ordering all foreigners to leave the country.4 The district officer wanted to know if suitable precautions had been taken to avoid the elephants.5 He thrust some money into my hand and told me to drive him to the airport.6 She undid the ribbon and let her hair fall over her shoulders.3. Directions:Choose the best answer from the four choices to complete the followingsentences.1) They could fight ________ against acommon enemy.C a. face to faceb. hand in handc. shoulder to shoulderd. arm in arm2) We'd been seeing each other for a yearwhen he suggested that we should________ together.B a. move alongb. move in3) We were ________, so we came to say hello.A a. passing throughb. passing awayc. passing offd. passing over4) After I ________ I remembered what I wanted to say.C a. hung aboutb. hung backc. hung upd. hung out5) We should be able to ________ the debt within two years.A a. pay offb. pay forc. pay ind. pay out6) The project became so expensive that we had to ________.D a. pull onb. pull downc. pull upd. pull out7) They ________ the most beautiful old buildings to put up those monstrosities (⼤⽽丑的东西).C a. tore upb. tore apartc. tore downd. tore away8) She was caught without a ticket and fined thirty pounds ________.c. at the momentd. at the instant9) If this fighting finally brings peace to thisarea, the soldiers will not have died________.B a. in failureb. in vainc. in paind. in despair10) He was disappointed at not getting the job,but he'll ________ it.D a. get awayb. get outc. get throughd. get over第⼆单元1. Directions:Read each of the following sentences carefully and choose the word or phrase closest in meaning to the underlined part from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.1. I was baffled by his refusal.B A. angeredB. confusedC. disappointedD. annoyed2. The island is inhabited only by birds.A A. occupiedB. noticedC. destroyedD. liked3. It's up to this country to take the initiative inbanning nuclear weapons.B A. take actionsD. follow the others4. Their work alternates between London andNew York.D A. changes frequentlyB. differs greatlyC. remains the sameD. takes turns5. I consulted a doctor about my pains.D A. toldB. discussedC. sent forD. asked for advice6. I'm much obliged to you for what you havedone for us.A A. gratefulB. pleasedC. uneasyD. inclined7. Congress has adopted the new measure.A A. acceptedB. chosenC. rejectedD. advanced8. He is considerate and pleasant. I really enjoyhis company.D A. firmB. warmthC. hospitalityD. companionship2. Directions:Choose the best phrase from the four to complete each sentence.1. Would you please help me ________ thevegetables and salad? It's half past six and ourB. dish upC. eat upD. seek out2. Our pet dog, poor Darkley, was ________ by a busyesterday.A run over 碾过；run through 贯穿，浏览；run out ⽤完，期满；run on 继续奔跑，继续下去A. run overB. run throughD. run on3. It's the end of September and the National Day is________.C in hand 在进⾏中，在控制中；on hand 在⼿边，在近处；at hand 在附近，即将到来；by hand ⽤⼿，⽤体⼒A. in handB. on handC. at handD. by hand4. After the harvest, the peasants began to ________and enjoy the results of hard work.D set back 延缓，使花费；settle down 定居，定下⼼来；load down 加以重负；sit back倚着靠背舒服地坐着A. set backB. settle downC. load downD. sit back5. May I ________ that if we don't leave now we shallmiss the bus?A point out 指出；point to 指向；speak out ⼤声地说，⼤胆地说；refer to提到，（...as...）把……当作，把……称为A. point outB. point toC. speak outD. refer to6. John's girlfriend is coming tonight and he is goingto _____ her _____ at the airport at 6:00.C. pick... overD. pick... up7. The book has been well reviewed, but ________actual sales it hasn't been very successful.A in terms of 从……⽅⾯来说；in need of 需要；in contrast to 与……形成对⽐；in place of 取代，交换A. in terms ofC. in contrast toD. in place of8. I'll be late home—something's just ________ atwork.B come along 出现，进展；come up 发⽣，⾛上前来；come in 到达，启⽤；come off 脱落，分开，经过A. come alongB. come upC. come inD. come off3. Directions:Fill in each of the blanks with the appropriate form of the word in brackets.1. My piano playing has improved significantly since I have had a new teacher. (significant)2. A jury's decision in a court must be made objectively. (objective)3 . Children's acquisition of their native tongue is still a mystery to many linguists. (acquire)4. There is little indication that the protesters will leave the building peacefully. (indicate)5. All she was interested in was the advancement of her own career. (advance)6. Considering the problems he's had, there can be little expectation of him winning the race. (expect)4. Directions:Read the incomplete passage carefully and choose the best one from thefour choices marked A, B, C, and D to fill in each blank and complete thepassage.Americans today believe that acceptable social behavior follows effortlessly from personal virtue. The 1) ________ between morals and manners has become blurred (模糊). All you needis a good heart, most people 2) ________, and the rest will take care of itself. You don't have to write thank-you notes. Many Americans believe that natural behavior is beautiful. The "natural" 3) ________ to human relations presumes that to know any person 4) ________ is to love him, that the only human problem is a communication problem. This 5) ________ that people might be separated by basic, genuinely irreconcilable (不可调和的) differences—philosophical, political, or religious—and assumes that all such differences are 6) ________ misunderstandings. Indeed, it has never been easier to________ on different systems of etiquette. Curiously, it has never been 12) ________ to insult people intentionally. If you say, "You are nasty and I hate you," the person is apt to reply, "Oh, you're feeling 13) ________; I'll wait until you feel better."The idea that people can behave "naturally" without resorting to a(n) 14) ________ code tacitly (⼼照不宣地) agreed upon by their society is as silly as the idea that they can communicate by using a language without 15) ________ accepted semantic and grammatical rules.B/b1) A.instinct B.distinctionC. intuitionD. similarityinstinct 本能，直觉；distinction 差别；intuition 直觉；similarity 相似，相似之处C/c2) A.resume B.performC. assumeD. conductresume 继续，恢复；assume 假设；conduct管理，指挥A/a3) A.approachB. wayC. roadD. means approach ⽅法，后接介词toD/d4) A.enough well B.enoughgoodC. goodenoughD. well enoughB/b5) A.approvesD. disagreesdeny否认，根据上下⽂和后⾯所跟的that＋clause的形式，deny是惟⼀合适的。

短语1.a quiz show 一个智力测试2.at the studio 在摄影棚3.five minutes to go 还剩下五分钟4.be ready 做好准备5.feel nervous 感到紧X6.on the stage 在舞台上7.fall forward 向前摔倒8.be on TV 上电视9.raise one’s hand 举起某人的手10.ask sb to do sth要求某人做某事’s face 给某人脸上擦粉13.stsrt doing sth 开始做某事start clapping鼓掌14.It is time for 到。

时间了15.be ahead of领先16.the other two 另外的两个17.six more questions 另外的六个问题18.win the prize 得奖19.keep still 保持安静20.the Palace Museum 故宫21.a trip for two 双人旅行22.at once 马上23.win a big prize 赢得大奖24.make noise 吵闹25.switch on 打开26.have trouble with …有问题27.be made of 28.decide on 决定29.in one’s opinion 在某人看来30.take steps 采取措施31.in order to 为了32.a series of 一系列33.remote control 遥控器1.Our school ran a petition on tasle last week=Our school held a petition on stories last week.2.He rushed out of the room= He run out of the room quickly3.cry=shout loudly4.drag=pull拖动5.citizens=people6.They like to make jokes about the stupid boy= They like to laugh at the silly boy7.except for =not including8.enter=go into9.seize=catch 抓住10.He succeeded in running the supermarket.= He ran the supermarke successfully.11.You must take turns to go into the hall= You must go into the hall in turn12.We have to wait for one more hour= We have to wait for anther one hour13.She has been in shanghai for five years.= She has been in shanghai since five years ago.14.The man died three years ago= The man has been dead for three years ’s time for Travel Quiz= It’s time to have Travel Quiz16.plan to do =make a plan to do三．语法1.直接引语和间接引语的定义:直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语.用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语.1) 转述陈述句或感叹句去标点符号和引号，用say that接宾语从句，said后，从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化。

曼昆微观经济学课后练习英⽂答案（第七章）rketsWHAT’S NEW IN THE SIXTH EDITION:There are no major changes to this chapter.LEARNING OBJECTIVES:By the end of this chapter, students should understand:the link between buyers’ willingness to pay for a good and the demand curve.how to define and measure consumer surplus.the link between sellers’ costs of producing a good and the supply curve.how to define and measure producer surplus.that the equilibrium of supply and demand maximizes total surplus in a market.CONTEXT AND PURPOSE:Chapter 7 is the first chapter in a three-chapter sequence on welfare economics and market efficiency. Chapter 7 employs the supply and demand model to develop consumer surplus and producer surplus as a measure of welfare and market efficiency. These concepts are then7CONSUMERS, PRODUCERS, AND THEEFFICIENCY OF MARKETSutilized in Chapters 8 and 9 to determine the winners and losers from taxation and restrictions on international trade.The purpose of Chapter 7 is to develop welfare economics—the study of how the allocation of resources affects economic well-being. Chapters 4 through 6 employed supply and demand in a positive framework, which focused on the question, “What is the equilibrium price and quantity in a market” This chapter now addresses the normative question, “Is the equilibrium price and quantity in a market the best possible solution to the resource allocation problem, or is it simply the price and quantity that balance supply and demand” Students will discover that under most circumstances the equilibrium price and quantity is also the one that maximizes welfare.KEY POINTS:Consumer surplus equals buyers’ willingness to pay for a good minus the amount theyactually pay for it, and it measures the benefit buyers get from participating in a market.Consumer surplus can be computed by finding the area below the demand curve and above the price.Producer surplus equals the amount sellers receive for their goods minus their costs of production, and it measures the benefit sellers get from participating in a market.Producer surplus can be computed by finding the area below the price and above the supply curve.An allocation of resources that maximizes the sum of consumer and producer surplus is said to be efficient. Policymakers are often concerned with the efficiency, as well as the equality, of economic outcomes.The equilibrium of supply and demand maximizes the sum of consumer and producer surplus.That is, the invisible hand of the marketplace leads buyers and sellers to allocateresources efficiently.Markets do not allocate resources efficiently in the presence of market failures such as market power or externalities. CHAPTER OUTLINE:I. Definition of welfare economics: the study of how the allocation of resources affectseconomic well-being.Students often are confused by the use of the word “welfare.” Remind themthat we are talking about social well-being and not public assistance.II. Consumer SurplusA. Willingness to Pay1. Definition of willingness to pay: the maximum amount that a buyer will pay for a good.2. Example: You are auctioning a mint-condition recording of Elvis Presley’s first album. Four buyers show up. Their willingness to pay is as follows:If the bidding goes to slightly higher than $80, all buyers drop outexcept for John. Because John is willing to pay more than he has to forthe album, he derives some benefit from participating in the market.3. Definition of consumer surplus: the amount a buyer is willing to pay for a good minus the amount the buyer actually pays for it.4. Note that if you had more than one copy of the album, the price in the auctionJohn and Paul would gain consumer surplus.B. Using the Demand Curve to Measure Consumer Surplus1. We can use the information on willingness to pay to derive a demand curve for the rare Elvis Presley album.2. At any given quantity, the price given by the demand curve reflects thewillingness to pay of the marginal buyer. Because the demand curve shows the buyers’ willingness to pay, we can use the demand curve to measure consumer surplus.Figure 23. Consumer surplus can be measured as the area below the demand curve and above the price.C. How a Lower Price Raises Consumer SurplusFigure 31. As price falls, consumer surplus increases for two reasons.a. Those already buying the product will receive additional consumer surplusbecause they are paying less for the product than before (area A on the graph).b. Because the price is now lower, some new buyers will enter the market andreceive consumer surplus on these additional units of output purchased (area Bon the graph).D. What Does Consumer Surplus MeasureIt is important to stress that consumer surplus is measured in monetaryterms. Consumer surplus gives us a way to place a monetary cost on1. Remember that consumer surplus is the difference between the amount that buyersare willing to pay for a good and the price that they actually pay.2. Thus, it measures the benefit that consumers receive from the good as the buyersthemselves perceive it.ALTERNATIVE CLASSROOM EXAMPLE:Review the material on price ceilings from Chapter 6. Redraw the market for two-bedroom apartments in your town. Draw in a price ceiling below the equilibriumprice.III. Producer SurplusA. Cost and the Willingness to Sell1. Definition of cost: the value of everything a seller must give up to produce agood.You will need to take some time to explain the relationship between theproducers’ willingness to sell and the cost of producing the good. Therelationship between cost and the supply curve is not as apparent as the2. Example: You want to hire someone to paint your house. You accept bids for thework from four sellers. Each painter is willing to work if the price you will pay exceeds her opportunity cost. (Note that this opportunity cost thus represents willingness to sell.) The costs are:3. Bidding will stop when the price gets to be slightly below $600. All sellers willdrop out except for Grandma. Because Grandma receives more than she would require to paint the house, she derives some benefit from producing in the market.4. Definition of producer surplus: the amount a seller is paid for a good minus theseller’s cost of providing it.5. Note that if you had more than one house to paint, the price in the auction wouldend up being higher (a little under $800 in the case of two houses) and bothGrandma and Georgia would gain producer surplus.B. Using the Supply Curve to Measure Producer Surplus1. We can use the information on cost (willingness to sell) to derive a supply curvefor house painting services.Price Sellers Quantity Supplied$900 or more Mary, Frida, Georgia, Grandma4$800 to $900Frida, Georgia, Grandma3$600 to $800Georgia, Grandma2$500 to $600Grandma1less than $500None02. At any given quantity, the price given by the supply curve represents the cost ofthe marginal seller. Because the supply curve shows the sellers’ cost(willingness to sell), we can use the supply curve to measure producer surplus.3. Producer surplus can be measured as the area above the supply curve and below theprice.Figure 4Figure 5C. How a Higher Price Raises Producer Surplus1. As price rises, producer surplus increases for two reasons.a. Those already selling the product will receive additional producer surplusbecause they are receiving more for the product than before (area C on thegraph).b. Because the price is now higher, some new sellers will enter the market andreceive producer surplus on these additional units of output sold (area D onthe graph).D. Producer surplus is used to measure the economic well-being of producers, much likeFigure 6ALTERNATIVE CLASSROOM EXAMPLE:Review the material on price floors from Chapter 6. Redraw the market for anagricultural product such as corn. Draw in a price support above the equilibriumprice.Then go through:IV. Market EfficiencyA. The Benevolent Social Planner1. The economic well-being of everyone in society can be measured by total surplus,which is the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus:Total Surplus = Consumer Surplus + Producer SurplusTotal Surplus = (Value to Buyers – Amount Paid by Buyers) + (Amount Received by Sellers – Cost to Sellers) Because the Amount Paid by Buyers = Amount Received by Sellers:2. Definition of efficiency: the property of a resource allocation of maximizing thetotal surplus received by all members of society .3. Definition of equality: the property of distributing economic prosperity uniformlythe members of society .B. Evaluating the Market EquilibriumTotal Surplus = Value to Buyers Cost to SellersFigure 7Now might be a good time to point out that many government policies involvea trade-off between efficiency and equity. When you evaluate government Pretty Woman, Chapter 6. Vivien (Julia Roberts) and Edward (Richard Gere)negotiate a price. Afterward, Vivien reveals she would have accepted a lower price, while Edward admits he would have paid more. If you have done a good job of introducing consumer and producer surplus, you will see the1. At the market equilibrium price:a. Buyers who value the product more than the equilibrium price will purchase theproduct; those who do not, will not purchase the product. In other words, thefree market allocates the supply of a good to the buyers who value it mosthighly, as measured by their willingness to pay.b. Sellers whose costs are lower than the equilibrium price will produce theproduct; those whose costs are higher, will not produce the product. In otherwords, the free market allocates the demand for goods to the sellers who canproduce it at the lowest cost.2. Total surplus is maximized at the market equilibrium.Figure 8a. At any quantity of output smaller than the equilibrium quantity, the value ofthe product to the marginal buyer is greater than the cost to the marginalseller so total surplus would rise if output increases.b. At any quantity of output greater than the equilibrium quantity, the value ofthe product to the marginal buyer is less than the cost to the marginal sellerso total surplus would rise if output decreases.3. Note that this is one of the reasons that economists believe Principle #6: Marketsare usually a good way to organize economic activity.It would be a good idea to remind students that there are circumstanceswhen the market process does not lead to the most efficient outcome.Examples include situations such as when a firm (or buyer) has market powerC. In the News: Ticket Scalping1. Ticket scalping is an example of how markets work to achieve an efficient outcome.2. This article from The Boston Globe describes economist Chip Case’s experiencewith ticket scalping.D. Case Study: Should There Be a Market in Organs1. As a matter of public policy, people are not allowed to sell their organs.a. In essence, this means that there is a price ceiling on organs of $0.b. This has led to a shortage of organs.2. The creation of a market for organs would lead to a more efficient allocation of resources, but critics worry about the equity of a market system for organs.V. Market Efficiency and Market FailureA. To conclude that markets are efficient, we made several assumptions about how markets worked.1. Perfectly competitive markets.2. No externalities.B. When these assumptions do not hold, the market equilibrium may not be efficient.C. When markets fail, public policy can potentially remedy the situation.SOLUTIONS TO TEXT PROBLEMS:Quick Quizzes1. Figure 1 shows the demand curve for turkey. The price of turkey is P1 and the consumer surplus that results from that price is denoted CS. Consumer surplus isthe amount a buyer is willing to pay for a good minus the amount the buyeractually pays for it. It measures the benefit to buyers of participating in amarket.Figure 1 Figure 22. Figure 2 shows the supply curve for turkey. The price of turkey is P1 and the producer surplus that results from that price is denoted PS. Producer surplus is the amount sellers are paid for a good minus the sellers’ cost of providing it (measured by the supply curve). It measures the benefit to sellers of participating in a market.Figure 33. Figure 3 shows the supply and demand for turkey. The price of turkey is P1, consumer surplus is CS, and producer surplus is PS. Producing more turkeys than the equilibrium quantity would lower total surplus because the value to the marginal buyer would be lower than the cost to the marginal seller on those additional units.Questions for Review1. The price a buyer is willing to pay, consumer surplus, and the demand curve areall closely related. The height of the demand curve represents the willingness topay of the buyers. Consumer surplus is the area below the demand curve and abovethe price, which equals the price that each buyer is willing to pay minus theprice actually paid.2. Sellers' costs, producer surplus, and the supply curve are all closely related.The height of the supply curve represents the costs of the sellers. Producersurplus is the area below the price and above the supply curve, which equals theprice received minus each seller's costs of producing the good.Figure 43. Figure 4 shows producer and consumer surplus in a supply-and-demand diagram.4. An allocation of resources is efficient if it maximizes total surplus, the sum ofconsumer surplus and producer surplus. But efficiency may not be the only goal of economic policymakers; they may also be concerned about equity the fairness of the distribution of well-being.5. The invisible hand of the marketplace guides the self-interest of buyers andsellers into promoting general economic well-being. Despite decentralized decision making and self-interested decision makers, free markets often lead to anefficient outcome.6. Two types of market failure are market power and externalities. Market power maycause market outcomes to be inefficient because firms may cause price and quantity to differ from the levels they would be under perfect competition, which keeps total surplus from being maximized. Externalities are side effects that are not taken into account by buyers and sellers. As a result, the free market does not maximize total surplus.Problems and Applications1. a. Consumer surplus is equal to willingness to pay minus the price paid.Therefore, Melissa’s willingness to pay must be $200 ($120 + $80).b. Her consumer surplus at a price of $90 would be $200 ? $90 = $110.c. If the price of an iPod was $250, Melissa would not have purchased one becausethe price is greater than her willingness to pay. Therefore, she would receiveno consumer surplus.2. If an early freeze in California sours the lemon crop, the supply curve for lemonsshifts to the left, as shown in Figure 5. The result is a rise in the price oflemons and a decline in consumer surplus from A + B + C to just A. So consumer surplus declines by the amount B + C.Figure 5 Figure 6In the market for lemonade, the higher cost of lemons reduces the supply of lemonade, as shown in Figure 6. The result is a rise in the price of lemonade and a decline in consumer surplus from D + E + F to just D, a loss of E + F. Note that an event that affects consumer surplus in one market often has effects on consumer surplus in other markets.。

Unit 5 课后练习答案P83. IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.1. The argument of conservatism has a certain disadvantage but it is also advantageous over liberals for it depends on the actual state of things.2. Conservatives do not have a romantic vision, or request for the better, or the urge to be creative. What they tend to do is to maintain the status quo. On the other hand, liberals are not satisfied with the status quo, so they won't treat things with caution to keep them intact, or make efforts to conserve the resources or assets already existent.3. It is certain that conservatives and liberals, representing two opposite ideals, have their respective advantages, but they both are limited in some way.P83. Text appreciation1) It is the counteraction of the centripetal and the centrifugal forces. (Paragraph 9)2) The castle, which conservatism is set to defend, is the actual state of things, good and bad. The project of innovation is the best possible state of things. (Paragraph 10)3) We are reformers in spring and summer, in autumn and winter we stand by the old; reformers in the morning, conservers at night. (Paragraph 10)P84. Language workI. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words.1. spreads or prevails forcefully benefits or profits; gains2. wins; prevails3. be equally deep-rooted in human nature4. depends onstate or quality of being unlimited5. pays attention to6. the best it has to offerP84 Choose a word or phrase that best completes each of the following sentences.l.A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. D 9. A 10. DP85. FILL IN the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1.rageful2. incontestable3. emblematic4. irreconcilable5. hierarchized6. unseemly7. treacherous8. mountaineeringP86 改错题1. nationally—internationally2. as…like3. /…for4. does…done5. subject后面加other6. that …what7. few…fewer8. /…the9. amount…number10. where…whichp86. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE appropriate word.1. as2. like3. who4. caused5. life6. people7. but8. published9. master 10. withdrewP87.汉译英People turn themselves into two conflicting forces — conservatives and liberals, owing to their respective opposing philosophical views about life. The former are complacent with the established hierarchies while the latter strive for a new cosmos order which they believe will be superior to the previous one. They each give priorities to totally different things. The former emphasizes brilliant past glories while the latter are chiefly concerned about the rosy future. The former bases their views on man's incontestable limitations while the latter stand on his indisputable infinitude of possibilities in improving and perfecting themselves. If the former go too far, they may display some nostalgia for a largely nonexistent past, which may handicap the pursuit of a still better future. If the latter go too far, they tend to cherish some dreams too romantic to be practical. If human life consists of spring, summer, autumn and winter, we are inclined to be liberals in spring and summer, but there is every likelihood that we may turn ourselves into conservatives by degrees in autumn and winter. For example, the famous modernist poet Eliot explored in his early poetry various aspects of decay of civilization in the modern Western world, but he attached much importance to stability and order in his later works.。

Quiz for Chapter 12Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. Y-( )=CA2、National income equals GNP less ( ),plus ( ),less ( ).3. GNP equals GDP ( ) net receipts of factor income from the rest of the world.4. The national income identity for an open economy is ( ).5. When a country 's exports exceed its imports, we say the country has a current account ( ).6. The current account includes ( )7. Any transaction resulting in a payment to foreigners is entered in the balance of payment account as a ( ).8. In a closed economy, national saving always equals ( ).9.When official reserves increase, this will be recorded in the ( ), with ( )sign.10. When debit is bigger than net decrease of the reserve, the difference will go to the ( ).Ⅱ. True or false1. The balance of payments accounts always balance in practice as they must in theory.( )2. Net unilateral transfers are considered part of the current accounts but not a part of national income .( )3. The GNP a country generates over some time period must equal its national income ,the income earned in that period by its factors of production. ( )4. When you buy a share of Microsoft stock , you are buying neither a good or a service , so your purchase dose not show up in GNP. ( )5. If the government deficit rises and private saving and investment do not change much ,the current account surplus must fall by roughly the same account as the increase in the fiscal deficit. ( )6. We include income on foreign investment in the current account because that income really is compensation for the services provided by foreign investments.( )7. Remember that foreign borrowing may not always be a bad idea :a country that borrows abroad to undertake profitable domestic investment can pay its creditors and still have money left over.( )8. Government agencies including central banks can freely hold foreign reserves and intervene officially in exchange market.( )9. When the United States lends abroad, a payment is made to foreigners and the capital account is credited.10. One reason intervention is important is that central banks use it as a way of altering the amount of money in circulation.Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1.Why account keepers adds the account a statistical discrepancy to the balance of payment?2.The nation of Pecunia had a current account deficit of ＄1 billion and a nonreserve financial account surplusof ＄550 million in 2005.(1)What was the balance of payments of Pecunia in that year? What happened to the country’s net foreignassets?(2)Assume that foreign central banks neither buy nor sell Pecunian assets. How did the Pecunian central bankshad purchased ＄600 million of Pecunian assets in 2005? How would this official intervention show up in the balance of payments accounts?(3)How would your answer to (2) change if you learned that foreign central banks had purchased enter foreignbalance of payments accounts?Ⅳ. Fill the following blanks:China's balance of payment in 2000Quiz for Chapter 13Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. Changes in exchange rates are described as or .2. Foreign exchange deals sometimes specify a value date farther away than two-days-30 days, 90days, 180 days, or even several years. The exchange rates quoted in such transactions are called3. is the most liquid of assets4. The ease with which the asset can be sold or exchange for goods, we call the character is5. A foreign is a spot sale of a currency combined with a forward repurchase of the currency.6. The foreign exchange market is in when deposits of all currencies offer the same expected rate ofreturn.7. The price of one currency in terms of another is called an8. All else equal, a in the expected future exchange rate causes a rise in the current exchange rate.9. is the percentage increase in value, it offers over some time period.10. All else equal, an in the interest paid on deposits of a currency causes that currency toappreciate against foreign currencies.Ⅱ. True or false1. A rate of appreciation of the dollar against the euro is the rate of depreciation of the euro against dollar.( )2. The exchange rate quoted as the price of foreign currency in terms of domestic currency is called direct quotation. ( )3. all else equal, an appreciation of a country's currency makes its goods cheaper for foreigners. ( )4. The foreign exchange market is in equilibrium when deposits of all currencies offer the same expected rate of return. ( )5. All else equal., When a country's currency depreciated, domestic residents find that imports from abroad are more expensive. ( )6. Central bank is at the center of the foreign exchange market.( )7. A depreciation of the dollar against euro today makes euro deposit less attractive on the condition that expected future dollar/euro rate and interest rates do not change.( )8. all else equal, a decrease of the interest paid on deposit of US dollars causes dollars to appreciate against foreign currency.( )9. New York. is the largest foreign exchange market in the world. ( )10. A fall in the expected future exchange rate causes a fall in the current exchange rate.Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1. Currently, the spot exchange rate is US$1=SF1.50 and the expected exchange rate for six month is SF1.55. the interest rate is 8% in the US per annum and 10% in the Switzerland per annum. （1）Determine whether interest rate parity is currently holding.（2）If it is not holding, what will happen in the foreign exchange market?.（3）If the expected exchange rate is unchanged, what is the spot rate when foreign exchange rate is in equilibrium?2.Suppose the dollar interest rate and the pound sterling interest rate are the same, 5 percent per year. What is the relation between the current equilibrium ＄/￡exchange rate and its expected future level? Suppose the expected future ＄/￡exchange rate, ＄1.52 per poun d, remains constant as Britain’s interest rate rises to 10 percent per year. If the U.S. interest rate also remains constant, what is the new equilibrium ＄/￡exchange rate?Quiz for Chapter 14Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. M1 includes __________.2. An economy ' s money supply is controlled by _________________.3. Three main factors that determine aggregate money demand are4. When money supply equals money demand, we say that the money market is _______________________.5. A rise in the average value of transactions carried out by a household or firm cause its demand for money to .6. is an important phenomenon because it helps explain why exchange rates move so sharply from day to day.7. If the economy is initially at full employment, a permanent increase in the money supply eventually be followed by in the price level.8. Overshooting is a direct consequence of the short-run9. An economy’s is the position it would eventually reach if no new economic shocks occurred during the adjustment to full employment.10. All else equal, a permanent in a country’s money supply causes a proportional long-run depreciation of its currency against foreign currencies.Ⅱ. True or false1. An increase in real output lowers the interest rate. ( )2. In the short run, a reduction in a country's money supply causes its currency to appreciate in the foreign exchange market. ( )3. All else equal, an increase in a country 's money supply causes a proportional increase in its price level in the long run. ( )3. All else equal, a rise in the interest rate causes the demand for money to fall. ( )4. If there is initially an excess demand of money, the interest rate falls in the short-run. ( )5. A rise in the average value of transactions carried out by a household or firm causes its demand for money to fall. ( )6. Given the price level and out put, an increase in the money supply lowers the interest rate. ( )7. A change in the supply of money has effect on the long-run values of the interest rate or real output. ( )8.The higher the interest rate, the more you sacrifice by holding wealth in the form of money. ( )9. An increase in real output lowers the interest rate, given the price level and the money supply( )10. An economy experiences inflation when its price level is falling. ( )Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1. What is the short-run effect on the exchange rate when US government increases the money supply? (expectations about future exchange rate are unchanged)2. Please draw a group of pictures to show the time paths of U.S. economic variables after a permanent increase in the U.S. money supply growth rate according to the following:(1)The u.s. decided to increase the money supply growth rate permanently.The vertical axis is money supply and the horizontal axis is time.(2)The interest rate change,. The vertical axis is Dollar interest rate and the horizontal axis is time.(3)The price level change. The vertical axis is U.S price level and the horizontal axis is time.(4)The exchange rate change,. The vertical axis is the Dollar/Euro exchange rate and the horizontal axis is time.Ⅳ. CALCULATIONSuppose that the spot rate is €1 = US$1.2468 －78 and the six-month forward rate is €1 = US$1.2523－33, the interest rate per annum is 4% in the euro zone and 6% in the US. After carrying out interest arbitrage with €5,000,000 borrowed at the above-mentioned rate, please calculate your net interest arbitrage profit ( other costs ignored ).Quiz for Chapter 15Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. The equation for real interest parity is .2. The long-run relationship between inflation and interest rates is called .3. The equation for absolute PPP is _________________________.4. The equation for relative PPP is _________________________.5. The law of_______________ states that under free competition and in the absence of trade impediments, a good must sell for a single price regardless of where in the world it is sold.6. Equation $/$/()/E US q E P P ∈∈=⨯ shows that at unchanged output prices, nominal depreciation implies real .7. According to Fisher effect, if U.S. inflation were to rise, then U.S. dollar interest rates would_________________.8. _________________is the relative price of two output baskets, while _________________is the relative price of two currencies.9. Transport costs and government trade restrictions make it expensive to move goods between markets located in different countries and therefore weaken the _________________mechanism underlying PPP.10. refer to those goods and services that can never be traded internationally at a profit.Ⅱ. True or false1. According to monetary approach, a rise in the interest rate on dollar will lead to the depreciation of the dollar in the long run.( )2. According to monetary approach, a rise in European output causes the Euro to appreciate. ( )3. When demand for American products rises, there will be a long-run real depreciation of the dollar. ( )4. According to monetary approach, a rise in European output causes the Euro to appreciate. ( )5. When European output supply increases, there will be an appreciation of the euro. ( )6. Expected real interest rates are the same in different countries when relative PPP is expected to hold. ( )7. Based on the monetary approach, other things equal, a permanent rise in the U.S. money supply causes a proportional long-run appreciation of the dollar against euro. ( )8. At unchanged output prices, nominal depreciation implies real appreciation. ( )9. Departures from PPP may be even greater in the short run than in the long run because many prices in the economy are sticky and take time to adjust fully. ( )10. If all U.S. prices increase by 10% and the dollar depreciates against foreign currencies by 10%, absolute PPP will be satisfied (assuming there are no changes abroad) for any domestic and foreign choices of price level indexes. ( )Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1. Suppose America’s inflation rate is 6% over one year, but the inflation rate in Italy is 12%. According to relative PPP, what should happen over the year to the dollar’s exchange rate against the lira?2.How to explain the problems with PPP? Give the reasons.Quiz for Chapter 16Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. The aggregate demand for an open economy’s output consists of four components:2. The current account balance is determined by two main factors: and3. Equilibrium in the economy as a whole requires equilibrium in the as well as in the4. An temporary increase in the money supply causes a of the domestic currency, of output, and therefore in employment.5. Given a fixed exchange rate, when government demand increases, DD schedule will shift6. A reduction in money demand would shift AA ___________.7. __________ policy works through changes in government spending or taxes.8. If the economy starts at long-run equilibrium, a permanent change in fiscal policy has no net effect on .9. J-curve effects amplify the of exchange rates10. Because a permanent fiscal expansion changes exchange-rate expectations, the effect on output isif the economy stats in long-run equilibrium.Ⅱ. True or false1. If there is a decline in investment demand, the DD schedule will shift to the right. ( )2. The effect of real exchange rate increase on IM is ambiguous. ( )3. A temporary increase in the money supply, which does not alter the long-run expected exchange rate, causes a depreciation of the currency and a rise in output. Temporary fiscal expansion also has the same result. ( )4. Other things equal, a real depreciation of the home currency lowers aggregate demand for home output. ( )5. The DD Schedule shows all exchange rate and output levels at which the output market is in short-run equilibrium. DD Schedule slopes upward. ( )6. A permanent fiscal expansion does not changes exchange-rate expectations. ( )7. Since the effect is the same of that of an increase in G, an increase in T must cause the DD Schedule to shift rightward. ( )8. A rise in R* causes an upward shift of AA. ( )9. Either an increase in the money supply or temporary fiscal ease can be used to maintain full employment. The two polices have no different effects at all. ( )10.If exports and imports adjust gradually to real exchange rate changes, the current account may follow a J-curve pattern after a real currency appreciation, first worsening and then improving. ( )11. The greater the upward shift of the asset market equilibrium schedule, the greater the appreciation of the currency. ( )12. Monetary expansion causes the current account balance to decrease in the short run. ( )13. Expansionary fiscal policy reduces the current account balance. ( )Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1. A new government is elected and announces that once it is inaugurated, it will increase the money supply. Use the DD-AA model to study the economy’s response to this announcement.2. Please use AA and DD sch edules to describe “The adjustment to a permanent increase in the money supply. ” The original point is at full employment.The vertical axis is exchange rate, the horizontal axis is output.3. If an economy does not start out at full employment, is it still true that a permanent change in fiscal policy has no current effect on output? Please use AA and DD schedules to describe it.Quiz for Chapter 17Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. Any central bank purchase of assets automatically results in an in the domestic money supply.2. The condition of the foreign exchange market equilibrium under a fixed exchange rate is .3. Under a fixed exchange rate, central bank policy tools is more effective.4. The expectation of a future devaluation causes a in the home interest rate above the world level.5. The main factor that may lead to imperfect asset substitutability in the foreign exchange market is .6. Between the end of World War II and 1973, was the main reserve currency.7. Under a gold standard, each country fixes the price of its currency in terms of .8. Under a _________, central bank monetary policy tools are powerless to affect the economy’s money supply or its output.9. A system which governments may attempt to moderate exchange rate movements without keeping exchangerates rigidly fixed is____________.10. Half way between the gold standard and a pure reserve currency standard is the __________.Ⅱ. True or false1. Any central bank sale of assets automatically causes the money supply to decline. ( )2. If central banks are not sterilizing and the home country has a balance of payments surplus, any increase in the home central bank’s foreign asse ts implies an decreased home money supply. ( )3. Under a fixed exchange rate, central bank monetary policy tools are powerful to affect the economy’s money supply. ( )4. The expectation of a future revaluation causes a rise in foreign reserves. ( )5 When domestic and foreign currency bonds are imperfect substitutes, equilibrium in the foreign market requires that the domestic interest rate equal the expected domestic currency return on foreign bonds subtract a risk premium. ( )6. Between the end of World War II and 1973, the exchange rate system was one in which exchange rate between any two currencies were floating. ( )7. Under the reserve currency standard, the center country has to intervene the exchange rate. ( )8. The central bank can negate the money supply effect of intervention through sterilization.( )9. A system of managed floating allows the central bank to retain some ability to control the domestic money supply, but at the cost of greater exchange rate instability.( )10. A world system of fixed exchange rates in which countries peg the prices of their currencies in terms of a reserve currency does not involve a striking asymmetry.()Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1. Why governments sometimes choose to devalue their currencies?2. How does fiscal expansion affect a country’s output and the central bank’s balance sheet under fixed exchange rate?3. Can you think of reasons why a government might willingly sacrifice some of its ability to use monetary policy so that it can have stable exchange rates?4. Explain why temporary and permanent fiscal expansions do not have different effects under fixed exchange rates, as they do under floating.Quiz for Chapter 18—21Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. The channels of interdependence depend, in turn, on the monetary and exchange rate arrangements that countries adopt-a set of institutions called the （）.2. In open economies, policymakers are motivated by the goals of internal and external balance. Simply defined, ( )requires the full employment of a country’s resources and domestic price level stability.3. A country is said to be in( ) when the sum of its current and its no reserve capital accounts equals zero, so that the current account balance is financed entirely by international lending without reserve movements.4. The gold standard contains some powerful automatic mechanisms that contribute to the simultaneous achievement of balance of payments equilibrium by all countries .That mechanisms is( ).5. ( ) is one currency that may be freely exchanged for foreign currencies.6、Under the Bretoon Woods system ,( ) or ( )can be used to influence output and thus help the government achieve its internal goal of full employment.7、Fiscal policy is also called ( ),because it alters the level of the economy’s total demand for goods and services.; The accompanying exchange rate adjustment is called ( ), Because it changes the direction of demand ,shifting it between domestic output and imports.8、Bretton Woods system give ( )the leading position in the world economy.9、Bretton Woods system require that other currency should peg with ( )10、Under the fixed rate system, if the exchange rate change, the foreign reserves will ( )11、( ) symmetry and exchange rate as automatic stabilizers are the advantages of floating rate system.12、( ) predict the collapse of the Bretton Woods system.13、The level of ( ) in the European Union is too small to cushion member countries from adverse economic events.14、The ( ) schedule shows the relationship between the monetary efficiency gain and the degree of economic integration.Ⅱ. True or false1. In an open economy, macroeconomic policy has two basic goals, internal balance (full employment with price stability) and external balance (avoiding excessive imbalances in international payments)( )2. The gold standard era starts in 1861 and end in 1914.( )3. The countries with the weak investment opportunities should be net importers of currently available output (and thus have current account surpluses), while countries with the good investment opportunities should be net exporters of current output (and have current account deficits).( )4. Each member of IMF contributed to the Fund an amount of gold equal in value to three-fourth of its quota. Theremaining one-fourths of its quota took the form of a contribution of its own national currency. ( )5、Balance of payment crisis became increasingly frequent and violent throughout the 1960 and early 1970s.The events led to the Bretoon Woods system’s collapse.（）6、One interpretation of the Bretoon Woods system’s collapse is that the foreign countries were forced to import US. Inflation through the mechanism to stabilize their price levels and regain internal balance, they had to abandon fixed exchange rates and allow their currency to float.（）7、Speculation on changes in exchange rats could lead to instability in foreign exchange markets . （）8.Under the fixed rate system, the government is required to use foreign reserve to stabilize exchange rate.（）9.The U.S. Federal Reserve played the leading role in determining their owns domestic money supply.（）10.Advocates of floating argued that floating rates would allow each country to choose its own desired long-run inflation rate rather than passively importing the inflation rate established abroad. （）11.The eight original participant in the EMS’s exchange rate mechanism------France, German, Italy, Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands. ( )。

Quizzes for Chapter11单选(1分)图灵测试旨在给予哪一种令人满意的操作定义得分/总分A.人类思考B.人工智能C.机器智能1.00/1.00D.机器动作正确答案：C你选对了2多选(1分)选择以下关于人工智能概念的正确表述得分/总分 A.人工智能旨在创造智能机器该题无法得分/1.00B.人工智能是研究和构建在给定环境下表现良好的智能体程序该题无法得分/1.00C.人工智能将其定义为人类智能体的研究该题无法得分/1.00D.人工智能是为了开发一类计算机使之能够完成通常由人类所能做的事该题无法得分/1.00正确答案：A、B、D你错选为A、B、C、D3多选(1分)如下学科哪些是人工智能的基础？得分/总分A.经济学0.25/1.00B.哲学0.25/1.00C.心理学0.25/1.00D.数学0.25/1.00正确答案：A、B、C、D你选对了4多选(1分)下列陈述中哪些是描述强AI(通用AI)的正确答案？得分/总分A.指的是一种机器，具有将智能应用于任何问题的能力0.50/1.00 B.是经过适当编程的具有正确输入和输出的计算机，因此有与人类同样判断力的头脑0.50/1.00C.指的是一种机器，仅针对一个具体问题D.其定义为无知觉的计算机智能，或专注于一个狭窄任务的AI正确答案：A、B你选对了5多选(1分)选择下列计算机系统中属于人工智能的实例得分/总分A.Web搜索引擎B.超市条形码扫描器C.声控电话菜单该题无法得分/1.00D.智能个人助理该题无法得分/1.00正确答案：A、D你错选为C、D6多选(1分)选择下列哪些是人工智能的研究领域得分/总分A.人脸识别0.33/1.00B.专家系统0.33/1.00C.图像理解D.分布式计算正确答案：A、B、C你错选为A、B7多选(1分)考察人工智能(AI)的一些应用，去发现目前下列哪些任务可以通过AI来解决得分/总分A.以竞技水平玩德州扑克游戏0.33/1.00B.打一场像样的乒乓球比赛C.在Web上购买一周的食品杂货0.33/1.00D.在市场上购买一周的食品杂货正确答案：A、B、C你错选为A、C8填空(1分)理性指的是一个系统的属性，即在_________的环境下做正确的事。

阅读短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处使用合适的关系词填空。

Passage 1The mummy of an Egyptian woman ____ died in 800 B。

C. has just had an operation。

The mummy is that of Shepenmut _____ was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes。

As there were strange marks on the X—ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease。

The only way to do this was to operate. The operation，______ lasted for over four hours，proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin (硬树脂) ______ covered the skin。

The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something ______ the X—ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef。

This god ______ has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened。

quiz7答案Unit 7 Quiz单元小测验Your percentage score is 88%.Quiz result has been recorded successfully.Part IDirections: Listen to the short dialogs, then choose the correct answers to the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers.1. (Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. It is the biggest problem.B. It is the second most important problem.C. It is important but not the most urgent problem.D. It is not important.Your answer Correct answerC C2. (Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. The wildfire in Spain is a good thing.B. The wildfires are changing the climate.C. Her son studies environmental protection in college.D. Her son is protecting the environment.Your answer Correct answerD D3. (Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. To protect the environment.B. To write a paper on the environment.C. To do a good job for his classmate.D. To make a mess of his classmate's work.Your answer Correct answerB B4. (Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. Both the man and woman think it should be adopted.B. Neither the man nor the woman thinks it should be adopted.C. Only the man thinks it should be adopted.D. Only the woman thinks it should be adopted.Your answer Correct answerA A5. (Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. The same as the man's.B. The environment is hopeless.C. The environment is improving.D. The environment is free from problems.Your answer Correct answerC CPart IIDirections: Listen to the passage(s) three times. When thepassage is read for the first time, listen for the general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact words you hear. For blanks numbered from S8 to S10, write down either the exact words you hear or the main points in your own words. When the passage is read for the third time, check your answers.Every day, the average person breathes in about 20,000 liters of air. Every time we breathe, we risk inhaling dangerous S1 that have found their way into the air.Air pollution includes all pollutants found in the S2 . These dangerous substances can be either in the form of gases or S3.Air pollution can be found both outdoors and indoors. Pollutants can be S4 inside buildings, causing indoor pollution that S5 for a long time.The sources of air pollution are both natural and S6. As one might expect, humans have been producing increasing amounts of pollution as time has S7, and they now account for the majority of pollutants released into the air.Air pollution has been a problem throughout history. S8.The effects of air pollution are diverse and numerous. S9,and severely affects the natural ecosystem.Because it is located in the atmosphere, air pollution is able to travel easily. As a result, air pollution is a global problem and has been the subject of global cooperation and conflict.Some areas now suffer more than others from air pollution. S10.Your answer Correct answer(1) chemicals chemicals(2) atmosphere atmosphere(3) particles particles(4) trapped trapped(5) lasts lasts(6) human-based human-based(7) progressed progressed(8) Even in Ancient Rome people complained about smoke put into the atmosphere(9) Air pollution can have serious consequences for the health of human beings(10) Cities with large numbers of automobiles or those that use great quantities of coal often suffer most severely from air pollution problemsPart IIIDirections: Listen to the following recording, then choose the correct answers to the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers.1. Why did the number of pandas drop sharply this century?A. Widespread forest fires.B. The change of bamboo forests into farmland.C. The global warming.D. Increased hunting.Your answer Correct answerB B2. What is the strange nature of giant pandas mentioned in the passage?A. Peaceful.B. Cheerful.C. solitary.D. Lonely.Your answer Correct answerC C3. Why is the breeding program not a success?A. The temperature has changed a lot.B. The rainfall has changed a lot.C. The panda does not like to live in zoos.D. The panda likes to live alone.Your answer Correct answerD D4. Why do people debate the use of cloning in conservation?A. Because this technology is up-to-date.B. Because this technology does not involve a moral issue in animals.C. Because the breeding method is unsuccessful.D. Because the breeding method must be combined with cloning.Your answer Correct answerC C5. What would be the best title for the passage?A. How to save the giant panda.B. The danger of extinction of the panda.C. The importance of the protection of the panda.D. Success in protecting the panda.Your answer Correct answerA APart IVDirections: Choose the right answer.1. The Chinese government has been encouraging people to plant trees along the edges of the Gobi Desert. Now those trees act as wind _______________.A. barsB. barriersC. preventionD. destructionYour answer Correct answerB B2. Government organizations are helping people to dispose safely _______________ old refrigerators or, in the case of cars, to upgrade their air conditioning.A. awayB. offC. ofD. out ofYour answer Correct answerC C3. In 2003 the hole in the ozone layer shrank by 20 percent, so there's no reason _______________.A. to panicB. to get panicC. to be panicD. panickingYour answer Correct answerA A4. The students are more aware of all the environmental problems that are _______________.A. happening onB. getting alongC. getting onD. going onYour answer Correct answerD D5. If people throw cigarette butts on the floor, they should _______________.A. fineB. be fineC. be finedD. get fineYour answer Correct answerC C。

姓名：___________________________ 班级：____________________________学号：___________________________ 日期：____________________________unit 5 quiz试卷编号：unit5考试时间：90 分钟满分：100 分Part 1 Fill in the Blanks (with the initial letters provided)(Each item: 1)Directions:Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the help of the first letter(s). Use only ONE word to fill in each blank.1.2.The local farmers'3.Jennifer's heart beat faster but she forced herself to slow the quick,4.Her mother and sisters and brothers all embraced her but she showed no5.An6.Crop shortages are causing a7.Jay's mother managed tostatement; she was always thoughtful and conscious in teaching her child.8.If you are fortunate enough to havesomeone with whom you can talk.9.The tree began to10.Unlike theas it is stronger.11.His handwriting, from earliest young manhood, was flowing and12.If you lose consciousness, even for a second, you have suffered brain damage and must13.It was on your14.Many people don't think much of the new rules as they seem asfamiliar ones.15.She is a strong-minded woman who allows noother hand, she does not involve herself in other people's.16.The authors give awording.17.Since I was asking young women to talk freely about a highly personal andstory.18.She wiped the blood off, but in19.His mother Stephanie holds him, rubs him, talks to him, kisses him, stretches his body outover her knee-anything to20.She had learned, over the past five years, that a governor's wife is expected to be21.During the war, some countries questioned whether they should join one side, join the other,or remain22.The hunter could see the23.All medicines should be stored away from24.For myself, I can say it was a25.Economic growth is a greataccount for almost a third of the world's population.26.Law students tend to become more concerned with matters of proper exhibit an increased tendency to reason.27.What she doesn't see is that her small-business world iseconomic system.28.It was almost as if he became completely29.Wait for a couple of minutes with your mouth closed beforethermometer (体温表).30.However, about 15 per cent of children go through a longeror years.Part 2 Multiple Choice(Each item: 1)Directions:Choose the best answer from the four choice s marked A, B, C and D.31.The children went to the construction site to watch the iron tower ______.A. to erectB. be erectedC. erectingD. being erected32.The manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.A. to be informedB. on informingC. informedD. informing33.The old lady never laughed, ________ lose her temper.A. or she ever didB. nor did she everC. or did she everD. nor she ever did34.What do you think of his proposal that improvement _______ in the old type of washer?A. be madeB. will be madeC. would be madeD. will have to be made35.He has a large collection of books, _______ are written in English.A. any thatB. many of whichC. many in whichD. among many that36.The house was not very old. It __________.A. ought not to have knocked downB. ought not to have been knocked downC. ought not to knock downD. ought not be knocked down37.The meeting was put off because we _______ a meeting without Jack.A. objected for havingB. objected to haveC. were objected to havingD. objected to having38.Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication _______ the advertiser paysfor message to be delivered.A. in thatB. whereasC. whichD. now that39._____ more and more scientists carrying out large-scale scientific research, the spaceindustry will become more promising.A. AsB. BecauseC. WithD. Since40.The environment of this city will be more seriously polluted (污染) ______ effective measuresare taken to prevent factories from sending out poisonous gases and wastewater.A. ifB. onceC. howeverD. unless41._______ is no reason for discharging her.A. Because she was a few minutes lateB. Owing to a few minutes being lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes lateD. Being a few minutes late42.______ dog was among the first animals to be domesticated is generally agreed upon byauthorities (权威人士) in the field.A. Until theB. It was theC. TheD. That the43."He gave me _______ $200!" he said with satisfaction.A. no less thanB. no more thanC. something likeD. only44.I couldn't find ________, and so I took this one.A. a large enough coatB. a large coat enoughC. an enough large coatD. a coat enough large45.It is necessary that an efficient worker _______ his work on time.A. accomplishesB. has accomplishedC. can accomplishD. accomplishPart 3 Cloze (with four choices provided)(Each item: 1)Directions:Read the following passage carefully and choose the best answer from the four choice s given for each blank.Questions 46 to 65 are based on the following passage.My grandfather passed away today. He had a 46.47.keep his body 48.49.50.51.My grandfather was a fat man. After the 52.mother and me to dress him each morning. After he was dressed, we 53.54.55.The doctors had worked hard to 56.57.58.59.60.a frequent problem with stroke patients. Drugs would make him sickand could not 61.That was the time for us to make a 62.could not 63.the painful, limited life to which the stroke had 64.we hated to be the one to decide to let nature take its course.At last we decided that the right thing to do would be to let him die with 65.He died a peaceful death.Part 4 Reading Comprehension (Banked Cloze)(Each item: 1)Directions:Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting suitable words from the Word Bank. You may not use any of the words more than once.Questions 66 to 75 are based on the following passage.My husband is in the hospital with cancer and has been seriously ill for a month. He wasalways 66.v o l u n t e e r e dh i n to f f e r e dh i n d e ra s t o n i s h e di n t e r v a l sa w a k e n e di n t e r p r e t a t i o n sq u i c k e nr e s p o n s i b i l i t ya w a r ec o n c e r ns l e n d e rp u l s el o o s e l y, but he has lost a lot of weight. I find myself 67.v o l u n t e e r e dh i n to f f e r e dh i n d e ra s t o n i s h e di n t e r v a l sa w a k e n e di n t e r p r e t a t i o n sq u i c k e nr e s p o n s i b i l i t ya w a r ec o n c e r ns l e n d e rp u l s el o o s e l y that I hardly recognize him. Now, his yellow skin hangs 68.v o l u n t e e r e dh i n to f f e r e dh i n d e ra s t o n i s h e di n t e r v a l sa w a k e n e di n t e r p r e t a t i o n sq u i c k e nr e s p o n s i b i l i t ya w a r ec o n c e r ns l e n d e rp u l s el o o s e l y on his skeleton, as he lies there unaware. A machine next to thebed records his slow 69.v o l u n t e e r e dh i n to f f e r e dh i n d e ra s t o n i s h e di n t e r v a l sa w a k e n e di n t e r p r e t a t i o n sq u i c k e nr e s p o n s i b i l i t ya w a r ec o n c e r ns l e n d e rp u l s el o o s e l y. I have sat here waiting for some 70.v o l u n t e e r e dh i n to f f e r e dh i n d e ra s t o n i s h e di n t e r v a l sa w a k e n e di n t e r p r e t a t i o n sq u i c k e nr e s p o n s i b i l i t ya w a r ec o n c e r ns l e n d e rp u l s el o o s e l y of life—a finger movement, anything—but there is never anychange. Time seems to stand still and I feel my own pulse 71.v o l u n t e e r e dh i n to f f e r e dh i n d e ra s t o n i s h e di n t e r v a l sa w a k e n e di n t e r p r e t a t i o n sq u i c k e nr e s p o n s i b i l i t ya w a r ec o n c e r ns l e n d e rp u l s el o o s e l y andhear my own breathing. Doctors and nurses come in and out at 72.v o l u n t e e r e dh i n to f f e r e dh i n d e ra s t o n i s h e di n t e r v a l sa w a k e n e di n t e r p r e t a t i o n sq u i c k e nr e s p o n s i b i l i t ya w a r ec o n c e r ns l e n d e rp u l s el o o s e l y and look at his charts.Our eyes meet and somehow, together, we become 73.v o l u n t e e r e dh i n to f f e r e dh i n d e ra s t o n i s h e di n t e r v a l sa w a k e n e di n t e r p r e t a t i o n sq u i c k e nr e s p o n s i b i l i t ya w a r ec o n c e r ns l e n d e rp u l s el o o s e l y that this isa special moment for us. I know that he would want me to be bold and show strength as healways had. He is the man who 74.v o l u n t e e r e dh i n to f f e r e dh i n d e ra s t o n i s h e di n t e r v a l sa w a k e n e di n t e r p r e t a t i o n sq u i c k e nr e s p o n s i b i l i t ya w a r ec o n c e r ns l e n d e rp u l s el o o s e l y at countless communityassociations while he himself was ill. He is a man with 75.v o l u n t e e r e dh i n to f f e r e dh i n d e ra s t o n i s h e di n t e r v a l sa w a k e n e di n t e r p r e t a t i o n sq u i c k e nr e s p o n s i b i l i t ya w a r ec o n c e r ns l e n d e rp u l s el o o s e l y whonever needed a calendar to remember a friend or relative's birthday or our anniversary.It is my duty to show how proud I am to have been a part of this great man's life.Part 5 Reading Comprehension (Short Answer Questions)(Each item: 1)Directions:Read the following passage carefully and give brief answers to the questions.Questions 76 to 80 are based on the following passage.Quaife works for a company in New York called Trans Time. His business is freezing people after they die. Although doctors today can cure many diseases, some diseases cannot be cured and cause the deaths of people. People who die of such diseases want Trans Time to freeze their bodies after they die, hoping that 100 or 200 years later they can be brought back to life, get cured and be healthy again.Trans Time also freezes people who die of old age. In 1987 a Trans Time scientist froze a healthy dog. The dog's heart stopped beating; the dog was dead. Then, twenty minutes later, the scientist brought the dog back to life. Trans Time scientists say, "We can freeze a healthy animal and bring it back to life. We can't freeze dead people and bring them back to life. But we think that someday it will be possible." When the scientists say "someday", they mean years from now—maybe 100 or200 years. How can Trans Time keep people frozen for 200 years?After a person dies, workers at Trans Time cool the body with ice and chemicals. When the body is very cold, workers put the body into a box. They fill the box with liquids. The temperature in the box is -196 degrees. Every two weeks workers add more liquid that keeps the bodies frozen.76.What does Quaife do as his job?77.Why do people want Trans Time to freeze their bodies after they die?78.What does Trans Time think of their inability to freeze dead people and bring them back tolife?79.When scientists say "someday", what do they mean?80.What are the important things in keeping a body for 200 years or even longer?Part 6 Reading Comprehension (Multiple Choice)(Each item: 2)Directions:Read the following passages carefully and choose the best answer from the four choice s marked A, B, C and D.Questions 81 to 85 are based on the same passage or dialog.You must face the fact that in your inmost heart you hate the thought of moving. It is easiest not to leave the rooms where your children passed through their wonderful childhood and annoying teens to a friendly but slightly distant maturity.Until, suddenly one day, the distance is absolute and they are grown up and gone. Then you find yourself living in too large a house, which consumes in its maintenance too much energy and money. When we found ourselves in this situation a few years ago, we determined to move while we still had the strength and before the emotional ties that the old house had wrapped around us became too powerful to be broken. Move while you can! But be sure you really want t o, and do not move too often. It is an exhausting process.Your first task is to find a house that will suit you. It must be smaller, quieter, easier to run, and more conveniently placed for transport. Not so small, though, that it will not have room for your largest pieces of furniture, and located not too far from the neighborhood where so many friendships have been built up.At last we found one: a late Victorian cottage, in a street where the houses, all small, range from late 18th to mid 20th century. It was near enough to where we wanted to live. It had no basement (底下层), which was a great convenience for aging legs; there were only two floors: one for ourselves and one where friends, children, and grandchildren could spread themselves when they came to stay. Each floor had two rooms. There was a kitchen on the ground floor, with the bathroom above it.81.The passage concerns ________.A. buying a house for a newly married coupleB. buying a large house for a growing familyC. buying a better house when people have more money to spendD. buying a smaller house for older people whose children have left home82.The passage implies that grown-up children are _______.A. more friendly to their parents when they are grown upB. distant from their parentsC. friendly but not very closeD. annoying83.The author decided to move ________.A. when his house gave him too much work and cost too much to runB. when he grew tired of his houseC. when he suddenly got the strength to do soD. before the house collapsed84.The author advises people in his own situation ________.A. to move into a very small houseB. to move somewhere where the largest possible pieces of furniture will fitC. not to move too far from the main roadD. to choose somewhere not so noisy85.According to the passage, the new house had _________.A. two floorsB. three floorsC. four floorsD. two bathroomsQuestions 86 to 90 are based on the same passage or dialog.Is teaching important? Well, of course it is. There was a time when all necessary knowledge couldbe taught to the young by family members. But as societies became more complex and division of labor more common, it was impossible for family members to teach the information and skills young people needed to become useful members of the society. As the need for specialists appeared, the job of teaching came into being in our country, and teaching as a job has been of increasing importance over the past one hundred years. Today, we have strict rules for teachers. We hope all children can go to school. Many things tell us that teaching is indeed an "important" job.In recent years, there has been an increasing need for teachers to be "responsible". This means that the public expects teachers to succeed in teaching important information to the young. Teachers' salaries today, while not much, certainly are much higher than they were in the past. These increases have come about because people have realized that quality people, individuals who are highly able to teach, will not do it if they are not offered enough money. Today almost no one says that "anybody will do" for a teacher. The public expects "quality people" to teach the young, and progress is being made to give salaries that will make people who have abilities become teachers.86.In the author's opinion, the job of a teacher ________.A. is done best by family membersB. is too complex for most peopleC. is free of rulesD. is important for society87.The cause for the new job of "teacher" was ________.A. the increased importance of laborB. the need for specialistsC. the strict rules of the governmentD. the increased number of children in school88.According to the writer, ________ is on the increase nowadays.A. a need for teachers to have responsibility for themselvesB. a need for teachers to teach responsibility to studentsC. the numbers of students who are entering schoolD. the numbers of people who take the job of teacher89.We learn from this passage that ________.A. money encourages teachers to be responsibleB. money is not a responsible reason to become a teacherC. money is a good way to attract people to become teachersD. money was much higher for teachers in the past90.What do people hardly ever say these days?A. Anyone can be a teacher.B. Progress is being made.C. Teachers have abilities.D. Quality people are teaching the young.。

英语．．LV1．．．单词．．（要考部分）．．．．．．Reading:Chapter1．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Nounsaspectsconstitution 组成constrasts 差异discipline 纪律/学科indigenous people 本地人native peopleprimary schoolsecondary schoolstatisticstatus 身份，地位tuition 学费valuesV erbsachieveafforddeterminesreflectsvalueAdjectivescompulsory 强制的egalitarian 平等主义的entireidenticalisolated 偏远的ruraluniversalvocationalIdiomson the one handon the other handListening:Chapter1．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Nounscheatingdiscussing sectionexperimentlaboratory =lablacture midterm examplagiarism 作弊quizrequirementteaching assistantterm paperV erbsattendfail a courseget kicked out 被开除take notesReading:Chapter2．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Nounsagricultural operation cropsdeveloping countries difficulties(difficulty) gridlock 僵局mass transit pedestrian zone 人行道pollutionprioritiesproducerecycling planttrash =rubbish/garbage urban dweller 居民Verbscommutecrowdcultivate 生长，挖掘predictsolveworsening Adjectivesaffluent =rich/abundant creativeAdverbefficiently 有效率的≠effectively有效的Listenin ．．．．．．．．g:Chapter2．．．．．．．．．．Nounsalarmbreak-in [C]deadboltdecal 贴纸device =equipmentfront/back oflicense 驾照/护照right(car) theft 盗车timervaluables 宝贵的Verbsbreak intopreventAdjectivesviolentExpressionget into the habitReading:Chapter5．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Nounscompetitive edge 比较优势essence 本质fadinfluencelifestyleprofittrendtrendspottingVerbsdistinguishenroll 登记influence invested 投资、授予spotAdjectivegourmet 美食家slang 俚语Adverbs enthusiasticallysuddenlyListening:Chapter5．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Nounscost of livingday care centerflexibilityhomemaker=house wife maternity leave 产假opportunitypolicyVerbsbanefitcan/can't affordtransfer 转移volunteerAdjectiveFlexibleListening:Chapter8．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Nounsbrandconflict 冲突consumerdeveloped country incomephenomenonstandard of livingVerbsidentify withAdjectivesCaucasian 白种人的confidentdiverse 不一样的hip(informal) 屁股loyaloptimisticsignificanttolerantReading:Chapter8．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Nounsarabesques 阿拉伯花饰archaeologists 考古学家architecture 建筑学armor 盔甲calligraphy 书法caravans 有蓬马车caves 洞穴cowry shells 宝贝贝壳destination 目的地documentsfabric 织布/物料frescoes 湿壁画mausoleums 陵墓＝tomb merchants 商人mosques 清真寺mummy 木乃伊networkoasis 绿洲pitcher 罐silkspices 香料statues 雕塑，（status地位）Verbsdecorated depictflowered 用花装饰spreadAdjectivesexquisite 精美的，敏锐的fertility 富饶的holy 神圣的significantvast 巨大的Expressionto this endReading:Chapter10．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Nounsbride 新娘coffin 棺材coming-of-agerituals 礼节n￡adj cremation 火葬deceased 已故的deliveryfunerals 葬礼groom 新郎guidanceincorporation 合并（corporation) 公司monks 僧侣negotiations 谈判、协商pregnancyproposal 求婚、提议pyre （死人用的）柴堆rite of passage scriptures 圣经、经典taboos 禁忌trousseau 嫁妆visionVerbschant 唱圣歌regain 追回、恢复varywail 痛哭Adjectivesindigenous 勤奋的nomadic 游牧民族的previous 之前的Expressionask for (a woman's)handListening:Chapter10．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．NounsprayerpriestritualsinsymbolsymbolismVerbscleansefocus oninvolvenarrow (something) down play a part inpourpraypurifysprinklesymbolizeAdjectivesfascinatingpure。